Methods, wireless devices, and base stations for determining or activating the state of a transmission configuration indicator.

Abstract

Systems and methods are provided for determining the Transmission Configuration Indication (TCI) state of an aperiodic (AP) Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) that overlaps with a downlink transmission. In some embodiments, the method performed by a wireless device includes: receiving an AP CSI-RS in the same symbol as a downlink transmission scheduled by a DCI having two TCI states indicated in the DCI; receiving triggers of one or more AP CSI-RS having a scheduling offset between the last symbol of the PDSCH carrying the triggering DCI and the first symbol of the AP CSI-RS resource, wherein the scheduling offset is less than a threshold reported by the wireless device; and determining that the downlink transmission is scheduled according to a scheme of receiving downlink transmissions at different tiers under different TCI states. In some embodiments, the wireless device applies a QCL assumption to the timing of PDSCH transmissions when receiving the AP CSI-RS.

Description

[0001] Related Applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of provisional patent application serial number 63 / 008,386, filed on April 10, 2020, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0003] This invention relates to aperiodic CSI-RS reception when it overlaps with the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) in time. Background Technology

[0004] NR framework architecture and resource grid

[0005] NR uses Cyclic Prefix Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CP-OFDM) in both the downlink (DL) (i.e., from a network node, gNB, or base station to a user equipment or UE) and uplink (UL) (i.e., from a UE to a gNB). DFT-extended OFDM is also supported in the uplink. In the time domain, NR downlink and uplink are organized into equal-sized subframes, each 1 ms long. Subframes are further divided into multiple time slots of equal duration. The time slot length depends on the subcarrier spacing. The subcarrier spacing is such that each subframe has only one time slot, and each time slot consists of 14 OFDM symbols.

[0006] Data scheduling in NR is typically based on time slots. Figure 1 The example shown is a 14-symbol time slot, where the first two symbols contain the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), and the remainder contain the Physical Shared Data Channel, Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), or Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH).

[0007] NR supports different subcarrier spacing values. The supported subcarrier spacing values ​​(also known as different parameters) are determined by... Given, where . This is the basic subcarrier spacing. The slot duration, measured in milliseconds, varies depending on the subcarrier spacing. Given.

[0008] In the frequency domain, the system bandwidth is divided into resource blocks (RBs); each corresponds to 12 consecutive subcarriers. RBs are numbered starting from 0, beginning at one end of the system bandwidth. Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the basic NR physical time-frequency resource grid, showing only one resource block (RB) within 14 symbol slots. One OFDM subcarrier during one OFDM symbol interval forms one resource element (RE).

[0009] Downlink transmission can be dynamically scheduled. In each time slot, the gNB sends downlink control information (DCI) via the PDCCH. This information relates to the UE data to be transmitted and on which RBs and OFDM symbols the data will be transmitted in the current or future downlink time slots. The PDCCH is typically transmitted in the first few OFDM symbols of each time slot in the NR. UE data is carried on the PDSCH.

[0010] NR defines three DCI formats for scheduling PDSCH: DCI format 1_0, DCI format 1_1, and DCI format 1_2. DCI format 1_0 is smaller than DCI 1_1 and can be used when the UE is not yet connected to the network, while DCI format 1_1 can be used to schedule MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) transmissions with up to two transport blocks (TB). DCI format 1_2 was introduced in NR Release 16 (Rel-16) to support configurable sizes for certain bit fields in the DCI.

[0011] The DCI may include one or more of the following bit fields: Frequency Domain Resource Allocation (FDRA); Time Domain Resource Allocation (TDRA); Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS); New Data Indicator (NDI); Redundancy Version (RV); HARQ Process Number; PUCCH Resource Indicator (PRI); PDSCH-to-HARQ_feedback Timing Indicator (K1); Antenna Port; and Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI).

[0012] The UE first detects and decodes the PDCCH. If decoding is successful, it decodes the corresponding PDSCH based on the decoded DCI carried in the PDCCH. The PDSCH decoding status is sent back to the gNB in ​​the form of HARQ acknowledgment or HARQ-ACK in the PUCCH resource indicated by PRI. Figure 3 An example is shown below. The time offset T1 between the DL DCI reception and the corresponding PDSCH is determined by the slot offset and the start symbol of the PDSCH indicated in the TDRA of the DCI. The time offset T2 between the DL DCI reception and the corresponding HARQ ACK is provided by the PDSCH-to-HARQ_feedback timing indicator in the DCI.

[0013] Time-domain resource allocation

[0014] When a UE is scheduled to receive a PDSCH by a DCI, the DCI's Time Domain Resource Allocation (TDRA) field value m provides a row index m+1 for the Time Domain Resource Allocation table. When a DCI is detected in a UE-specific search space, the PDSCH Time Domain Resource Allocation is performed according to the TDRA list of the RRC configuration provided in the UE-specific PDSCH configuration pdsch-Config, which is listed by the RRC parameter pdsch-TimeDomainAllocationList. Each TDRA entry in the TDRA list defines the slot offset K0 between the PDSCH and the PDCCH that schedules the PDSCH, the start and length indicators SLIV, the PDSCH mapping type to be assumed in PDSCH reception (type A or type B), and the optional repetition number RepNumR16.

[0015] TCI status

[0016] A demodulation reference signal (DM-RS) is used for coherent demodulation of the PDSCH. The DM-RS is confined within a resource block carrying the associated PDSCH and mapped to an allocated resource element (RE) of the OFDM time-frequency grid in the NR, enabling the receiver to efficiently handle time / frequency selective fading radio channels. A PDSCH can have one or more DMRSs, each associated with an antenna port. The antenna port used for the PDSCH is indicated in the DCI that schedules the PDSCH.

[0017] Several signals can be transmitted from different co-located antenna ports. When measured at the receiver, these signals can have the same large-scale properties, such as in terms of Doppler shift / spread, average delay spread, average delay, or direction of arrival. These antenna ports are then referred to as quasi-co-located (QCL). The network can then signal to the UE that two antenna ports are QCL. If the UE knows that two antenna ports are QCL with respect to a specific parameter (e.g., Doppler spread), the UE can estimate that parameter based on a reference signal transmitted on one antenna port and use that estimate when receiving another reference signal or physical channel on the other antenna port. Typically, the first antenna port is represented by a measurement reference signal (called the source RS), such as a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), and the second antenna port is a DMRS (called the target RS) used for PDSCH reception.

[0018] In NR, the QCL relationship between the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) and other reference signals in the PDSCH is described by the Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state. Depending on the UE's capabilities, up to 128 TCI states in NR frequency range 2 (FR2) and up to 8 TCI states in NR frequency range 1 (FR1) can be configured for the UE via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling. Each TCI state contains QCL information for the purpose of PDSCH reception. In the DCI that schedules the PDSCH, one or two TCI states can be dynamically signaled to the UE in the TCI field.

[0019] The QCL relationship between the DMRS and other reference signals in the PDCCH is described by the TCI state of the control resource set (CORESET) transmitting the PDCCH. For each CORESET configured for the UE, the TCI state list is configured by the RRC; one of them is activated by the MAC CE. In NR Rel-15, a maximum of three CORESETs can be configured for each bandwidth portion (BWP) for the UE. In NR Rel-16, a maximum of five CORESETs can be configured for each BWP for the UE, depending on the capability.

[0020] There are certain challenges at present. Existing NR standards define UE behavior when aperiodic CSI-RS conflicts with PDSCH, specifically when PDSCH is indicated by a single TCI state. However, UE behavior is not defined in other cases where aperiodic CSI-RS conflicts with PDSCH. Therefore, improvements are needed to handle these conflicts. Summary of the Invention

[0021] Systems and methods are provided for determining the Transmission Configuration Indication (TCI) state of an aperiodic (AP) Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) that overlaps with a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) transmission. In some embodiments, a method performed by a wireless device for determining the TCI state for receiving one or more AP CSI-RS includes: receiving one or more AP CSI-RS in the same symbols as a downlink transmission scheduled by a DCI having two TCI states indicated in the DCI; receiving the triggering of one or more AP CSI-RS having a scheduling offset between the last symbol of the PDCCH carrying the triggering DCI and the first symbol of the AP CSI-RS resource, wherein the scheduling offset is less than a threshold reported by the wireless device; and determining that the downlink transmission is scheduled according to one of the following: “TDM scheme A (TDMScheme A)”; “FDM scheme A (FDMScheme A)”; “FDM scheme B (FDMScheme B)”; and a scheme in which different sets of layers of downlink transmission are received under different TCI states. In some embodiments, depending on the circumstances, the wireless device applies the QCL assumption to the timing of PDSCH transmission when receiving AP CSI-RS.

[0022] In some embodiments, a method performed by a base station for indicating a TCI state for receiving one or more AP CSI-RS includes one or more of the following: transmitting to a radio device one or more AP CSI-RSs of the same symbols as downlink transmissions scheduled by a DCI having two TCI states indicated in the DCI; triggering one or more AP CSI-RSs having a scheduling offset between the last symbol of the PDCCH carrying the triggering DCI and the first symbol of the AP CSI-RS resource, wherein the scheduling offset is less than a threshold reported by the radio device; and scheduling the downlink transmissions according to one of the group consisting of: "TDM scheme A"; "FDM scheme A"; "FDM scheme B"; and a scheme in which different sets of layers are received in different TCI states. In some embodiments, depending on the circumstances, the base station assumes that the radio device applies a QCL assumption to the timing of PDSCH transmissions when receiving AP CSI-RSs.

[0023] Certain embodiments may provide one or more of the following technical advantages. When aperiodic CSI-RS conflicts with PDSCH, and when using two TCI states to indicate PDSCH, the proposed solution defines UE behavior (i.e., what QCL assumptions the UE makes) to receive aperiodic CSI-RS. One benefit is that the proposed solution defines which QCL properties should be used to receive conflicting aperiodic CSI-RS, which was not previously defined in NR. Using the proposed solution, aperiodic CSI-RS can be flexibly triggered in overlapping symbols, where PDSCH is scheduled according to NC-JT schemes “FDM Scheme A,” “FDM Scheme B,” and “TDM Scheme A” based on a single PDCCH.

[0024] In some embodiments, downlink transmission includes PDSCH transmission. In some embodiments, the threshold reported by the wireless device includes the beamSwitchTiming value.

[0025] In some embodiments, the PDSCH is scheduled according to one of the following: "FDM scheme A"; "FDM scheme B"; and a scheme for different sets of PDSCH layers received under different TCI states. In some embodiments, the scheduling offset from the last symbol of the PDCCH to the first symbol of the PDSCH is greater than or equal to the threshold timeDurationForQCL.

[0026] In some embodiments, when a single triggered AP CSI-RS and PDSCH are in the same symbol, the method further includes the wireless device applying a QCL assumption given by a first indication TCI state in the DCI of the PDSCH when receiving the AP CSI-RS. In some embodiments, when two triggered AP CSI-RS and PDSCH are in the same symbol, the method further includes the wireless device applying QCL assumptions given by a first indication TCI state and a second indication TCI state in the DCI of the PDSCH, respectively, when receiving a first AP CSI-RS and a second AP CSI-RS.

[0027] In some embodiments, the first triggered AP CSI-RS and the second triggered AP CSI-RS are ordered according to the corresponding CSI-RS resource identifiers or the order of the corresponding CSI-RS resource set identifiers to which the two AP CSI-RS belong. In some embodiments, the scheduling offset from the last symbol of the PDCCH to the first symbol of the PDSCH is less than the threshold timeDurationForQCL.

[0028] In some embodiments, when a single triggered AP CSI-RS and PDSCH are in the same symbol, the method further includes the wireless device applying QCL assumptions given by a first default TCI state of the PDSCH when receiving the AP CSI-RS. In some embodiments, when two triggered AP CSI-RS and PDSCH are in the same symbol, the method further includes the wireless device applying QCL assumptions given by a first default TCI state and a second default TCI state of the PDSCH, respectively, when receiving the first AP CSI-RS and the second AP CSI-RS.

[0029] In some embodiments, the first triggered AP CSI-RS and the second triggered AP CSI-RS are ordered according to the corresponding CSI-RS resource identifiers or the order of the corresponding CSI-RS resource set identifiers to which the two AP CSI-RS belong.

[0030] In some embodiments, the PDSCH is scheduled according to "TDM Scheme A". In some embodiments, the scheduling offset from the last symbol of the PDCCH to the first symbol of the first PDSCH transmission timing is greater than or equal to the threshold timeDurationForQCL. In some embodiments, when a single triggered AP CSI-RS is in the same symbol as the first PDSCH transmission timing, the method further includes the wireless device applying a QCL assumption given by a first indication TCI state in the DCI of the first PDSCH transmission timing when receiving the AP CSI-RS. In some embodiments, when a single triggered AP CSI-RS is in the same symbol as a second PDSCH transmission timing, the method further includes the wireless device applying a QCL assumption given by a second indication TCI state in the DCI of the second PDSCH transmission timing when receiving the AP CSI-RS.

[0031] In some embodiments, the scheduling offset from the last symbol of the PDCCH to the first symbol of the first PDSCH transmission timing and the second PDSCH transmission timing is less than the threshold timeDurationForQCL. In some embodiments, when a single triggered AP CSI-RS is in the same symbol as the first PDSCH transmission timing, the method further includes the wireless device applying a QCL assumption given by a first default TCI state in the DCI of the first PDSCH transmission timing when receiving the AP CSI-RS. In some embodiments, when a single triggered AP CSI-RS is in the same symbol as the second PDSCH transmission timing, the method further includes the wireless device applying a QCL assumption given by a second indicative TCI state in the DCI of the second PDSCH transmission timing when receiving the AP CSI-RS. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate several aspects of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0033] Figure 1 The data scheduling in NR is shown, which is typically based on time slots. The example shows a time slot of 14 symbols, where the first two symbols contain the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) and the rest contain the Physical Shared Data Channel, namely the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) or the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH).

[0034] Figure 2 The basic NR physical time-frequency resource grid is shown;

[0035] Figure 3 An example is shown in which the PDSCH decoding status is sent back to the gNB in ​​the form of a HARQ acknowledgment in the PUCCH resource indicated by the PRI, according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 An example of a cellular communication system in which embodiments of the present invention may be implemented is shown;

[0037] Figure 5 The locations for transmitting data to the UE via two TRPs are shown according to some embodiments of the present invention, each TRP carrying a TB mapped to a codeword;

[0038] Figure 6 Example relationships between TCI states and DM-RSCDM groups for multi-PDCCH multi-TRP scenarios according to some embodiments of the present invention are shown;

[0039] Figure 7 An example of PDSCH transmission on two TRPs using a single DCI is shown according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 An example of multi-TRP PDSCH transmission using FDM scheme A according to some embodiments of the present invention is shown;

[0041] Figure 9 Example data transmission using FDM scheme B according to some embodiments of the present invention is shown, wherein PDSCH#1 is transmitted in PRG {0, 2, 4} from TRP1, and PDSCH#2 having the same TB is transmitted in PRG {1, 3, 5} from TRP2;

[0042] Figure 10An example data transmission using TDM scheme A according to some embodiments of the present invention is shown, wherein PDSCH repetition occurs in a small slot of four OFDM symbols within a time slot;

[0043] Figure 11 Example multi-TRP data transmission with a slot-based TDM scheme is shown according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 12 An example of a CSI-RS RE for 12 antenna ports is shown according to some embodiments of the present invention, wherein one RE is shown for each port per RB;

[0045] Figure 13 A method for determining the TCI state for receiving one or more AP CSI-RS, performed by a wireless device according to some embodiments of the present invention, is illustrated.

[0046] Figure 14 A method, performed by a base station according to some embodiments of the present invention, for indicating the TCI status for receiving one or more AP CSI-RS;

[0047] Figure 15 An example of Embodiment 1, which considers the conflict between AP CSI-RS and PDSCH scheduled according to “TDM Scheme A”, is shown according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 16 A second example of Embodiment 1 is shown, which considers the conflict between AP CSI-RS and PDSCH scheduled according to “TDM Scheme A”, according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 17 A first example of Implementation 2 considering the conflict between AP CSI-RS and PDSCH scheduled according to “TDM Scheme A” is shown;

[0050] Figure 18 A second example of Embodiment 2 is shown, which considers the conflict between AP CSI-RS and PDSCH scheduled according to “TDM Scheme A”, according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 19 A first example of Embodiment 3 is shown, which considers the conflict between AP CSI-RS and PDSCH scheduled according to “TDM Scheme A”, according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 20 A second example of embodiment 3 is shown, which considers the conflict between AP CSI-RS and PDSCH scheduled according to “TDM Scheme A”, according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 21 A first example of Embodiment 4 is shown, which considers the conflict between AP CSI-RS and PDSCH scheduled according to the NC-JT scheme based on a single PDCCH, according to some embodiments of the present invention, wherein a first TCI state is assumed for AP CSI-RS;

[0054] Figure 22 A second example of embodiment 4 is shown, which considers the conflict between AP CSI-RS and PDSCH scheduled according to the NC-JT scheme based on a single PDCCH according to some embodiments of the present invention, wherein the first AP CSI-RS and the second AP CSI-RS are assumed to be in a first TCI state and a second TCI state, respectively.

[0055] Figure 23 A first example of embodiment 5 is shown, which considers the conflict between AP CSI-RS and PDSCH scheduled according to the NC-JT scheme based on a single PDCCH, according to some embodiments of the present invention, wherein a first default TCI state is assumed for AP CSI-RS;

[0056] Figure 24 A second example of embodiment 5, which considers the conflict between AP CSI-RS and PDSCH scheduled according to the NC-JT scheme based on a single PDCCH, is shown according to some embodiments of the present invention, wherein a first default TCI state and a second default TCI state are assumed for the first AP CSI-RS and the second AP CSI-RS, respectively.

[0057] Figure 25 This is a schematic block diagram of a wireless access node according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 26 This is a schematic block diagram illustrating a virtualized embodiment of a wireless access node according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 27 This is a schematic block diagram of a wireless access node according to some other embodiments of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 28 This is a schematic block diagram of a wireless communication device according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 29 This is a schematic block diagram of a wireless communication device according to some other embodiments of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 30It is a communication system according to one embodiment, which includes a telecommunications network, such as a 3GPP-type cellular network, which includes an access network, such as a RAN, and a core network according to some other embodiments of the invention;

[0063] Figure 31 Example implementations of a UE, base station, and host computer according to some other embodiments of the present invention are shown;

[0064] Figure 32 This is a flowchart illustrating a method implemented in a communication system according to one embodiment;

[0065] Figure 33 This is a flowchart illustrating a method implemented in a communication system according to one embodiment;

[0066] Figure 34 This is a flowchart illustrating a method implemented in a communication system according to one embodiment; and

[0067] Figure 35 This is a flowchart illustrating a method implemented in a communication system according to one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0068] The embodiments described below illustrate information that enables those skilled in the art to practice these embodiments and explain the best mode of practice for these embodiments. Upon reading the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will understand the concepts of the invention and will recognize the application of these concepts not specifically mentioned herein. It should be understood that these concepts and applications all fall within the scope of the invention.

[0069] Radio node: As used in this article, "radio node" is a radio access node or wireless communication device.

[0070] Radio Access Node: As used herein, a “radio access node” or “radio network node” or “radio access network node” is any node in the radio access network (RAN) of a cellular communication network used for wireless transmission and / or reception of signals. Some examples of radio access nodes include, but are not limited to, base stations (e.g., new radio (NR) base stations (gNBs) in 3GPP 5G NR networks or enhanced or evolved Node Bs (eNBs) in 3GPP LTE networks), high-power or macro base stations, low-power base stations (e.g., micro base stations, pico base stations, home eNBs, etc.), relay nodes, network nodes that implement some of the functions of a base station (e.g., network nodes that implement a gNB central unit (gNB-CU) or a gNB distributed unit (gNB-DU)), or network nodes that implement some of the functions of certain other types of radio access nodes.

[0071] Core Network Node: As used herein, a “core network node” is any type of node in the core network or any node that implements core network functions. Some examples of core network nodes include, for example, a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Packet Data Network Gateway (P-GW), a Service Capability Opening Function (SCEF), a Home Subscriber Server (HSS), etc. Some other examples of core network nodes include nodes that implement Access and Mobility Management Functions (AMF), User Plane Functions (UPF), Session Management Functions (SMF), Authentication Server Functions (AUSF), Network Slice Selection Functions (NSSF), Network Opening Functions (NEF), Network Functions (NF) Storage Functions (NRF), Policy Control Functions (PCF), Unified Data Management (UDM), etc.

[0072] Communication equipment: As used herein, “communication equipment” is any type of device that can access a network. Some examples of communication equipment include, but are not limited to: mobile phones, smartphones, sensor devices, instruments, vehicles, home appliances, medical devices, media players, cameras, or any type of consumer electronics, such as, but not limited to, televisions, radios, lighting fixtures, tablets, laptops, or personal computers (PCs). Communication equipment can be portable, handheld, computer-integrated, or in-vehicle mobile devices capable of transmitting voice and / or data via wireless or wired connections.

[0073] Wireless communication device: One type of communication device is a wireless communication device, which can be any type of wireless device capable of accessing a wireless network (e.g., a cellular network) (i.e., served by it). Some examples of wireless communication devices include, but are not limited to: User Equipment (UE), Machine-Type Communication (MTC) devices, and Internet of Things (IoT) devices in 3GPP networks. For example, such wireless communication devices can be or can be integrated into mobile phones, smartphones, sensor devices, meters, vehicles, home appliances, medical devices, media players, cameras, or any type of consumer electronics, such as, but not limited to, televisions, radios, lighting fixtures, tablets, laptops, or PCs. Wireless communication devices can be portable, handheld, computer-integrated, or in-vehicle mobile devices capable of transmitting voice and / or data via a wireless connection.

[0074] Network node: As used in this document, a “network node” is any node that is part of the RAN or the core network of a cellular communication network / system.

[0075] Note that the descriptions presented herein focus on 3GPP cellular communication systems; therefore, 3GPP terminology or similar terms are frequently used. However, the concepts disclosed herein are not limited to 3GPP systems.

[0076] Note that the term “cell” may be used in the description in this article; however, in particular with respect to the 5G NR concept, the term “beam” may be used instead of “cell”. Therefore, it is important to note that the concepts described in this article apply equally to cells and beams.

[0077] Figure 4 An example of a cellular communication system 400 in which embodiments of the present invention may be implemented is shown. In the embodiments described herein, the cellular communication system 400 is a 5G system (5GS) including an NR RAN or an LTE RAN (i.e., an evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) RAN). In this example, the RAN includes base stations 402-1 and 402-2, which are referred to as gNBs in 5G NR (e.g., LTE RAN nodes connected to the 5G core (5GC) are referred to as gn-eNBs), thereby controlling corresponding (macro)cells 404-1 and 404-2. Base stations 402-1 and 402-2 are collectively referred to herein as base station 402 and are individually referred to as base station 402. Similarly, (macro)cells 404-1 and 404-2 are collectively referred to herein as (macro)cell 404 and are individually referred to as (macro)cell 404. The RAN may also include a plurality of low-power nodes 406-1 to 406-4 controlling corresponding small cells 408-1 to 408-4. Low-power nodes 406-1 to 406-4 can be small base stations (such as pico or femto base stations) or remote radio head ends (RRHs), etc. It is worth noting that, although not shown, one or more of small cells 408-1 to 408-4 can alternatively be provided by base station 402. Low-power nodes 406-1 to 406-4 are generally referred to herein as low-power node 406 and are individually referred to as low-power node 406. Similarly, small cells 408-1 to 408-4 are generally referred to herein as small cell 408 and are individually referred to as small cell 408. Cellular communication system 400 also includes a core network 410, referred to in 5GS as 5G core (5GC). Base station 402 (and optional low-power node 406) is connected to core network 410.

[0078] Base station 402 and low-power node 406 provide services to wireless communication devices 412-1 to 412-5 in corresponding cells 404 and 408. Wireless communication devices 412-1 to 412-5 are generally referred to herein as wireless communication device 412 and are individually referred to as wireless communication device 412. In the following description, wireless communication device 412 is typically a UE, but the invention is not limited thereto.

[0079] Downlink transmission can be dynamically scheduled. In each time slot, the gNB sends downlink control information (DCI) via the PDCCH. This information relates to the UE data to be transmitted and on which RBs and OFDM symbols the data will be transmitted in the current downlink time slot. The PDCCH is typically transmitted in the first few OFDM symbols of each time slot in the NR. UE data is carried on the PDSCH.

[0080] NR defines three DCI formats for scheduling PDSCH: DCI format 1_0, DCI format 1_1, and DCI format 1_2. DCI format 1_0 is smaller than DCI 1_1 and can be used when the UE is not yet connected to the network, while DCI format 1_1 can be used to schedule MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) transmissions with up to two transport blocks (TB). DCI format 1_2 was introduced in NR Release 16 (Rel-16) to support configurable sizes for certain bit fields in the DCI.

[0081] The DCI may include one or more of the following bit fields: Frequency Domain Resource Allocation (FDRA); Time Domain Resource Allocation (TDRA); Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS); New Data Indicator (NDI); Redundancy Version (RV); HARQ Process Number; PUCCH Resource Indicator (PRI); PDSCH-to-HARQ_feedback Timing Indicator (K1); Antenna Port; and Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI).

[0082] The UE first detects and decodes the PDCCH. If decoding is successful, it decodes the corresponding PDSCH based on the decoded DCI carried in the PDCCH. The PDSCH decoding status is sent back to the gNB in ​​the form of a HARQ acknowledgment in the PUCCH resource indicated by the PRI. Figure 3 An example is shown below. The time offset T1 between the DL DCI reception and the corresponding PDSCH is determined by the slot offset and the start symbol of the PDSCH indicated in the TDRA of the DCI. The time offset T2 between the DL DCI reception and the corresponding HARQ ACK is provided by the PDSCH-to-HARQ_feedback timing indicator in the DCI.

[0083] Time-domain resource allocation

[0084] When a UE is scheduled to receive a PDSCH by a DCI, the DCI's Time Domain Resource Allocation (TDRA) field value m provides a row index m+1 for the Time Domain Resource Allocation table. When a DCI is detected, PDSCH Time Domain Resource Allocation is performed according to the TDRA list of the RRC configuration provided in the UE-specific PDSCH configuration pdsch-Config, which is listed by the RRC parameter pdsch-TimeDomainAllocationList. Each TDRA entry in the TDRA list defines the slot offset K0 between the PDSCH and the PDCCH that schedules the PDSCH, the start and length indicators SLIV, the PDSCH mapping type to be assumed in PDSCH reception (type A or type B), and an optional repetition number RepNumR16.

[0085] TCI status

[0086] A demodulation reference signal (DM-RS) is used for coherent demodulation of the PDSCH. The DM-RS is confined within a resource block carrying the associated PDSCH and mapped to an allocated resource element (RE) of the OFDM time-frequency grid in the NR, enabling the receiver to efficiently handle time / frequency selective fading radio channels. A PDSCH can have one or more DMRSs, each associated with an antenna port. The antenna port used for the PDSCH is indicated in the DCI that schedules the PDSCH.

[0087] Several signals can be transmitted from different antenna ports at the same location. When measured at the receiver, these signals can have the same large-scale properties, such as in terms of Doppler shift / spread, average delay spread, or average delay. These antenna ports are then referred to as quasi-co-located (QCL). The network can then signal to the UE that two antenna ports are QCL. If the UE knows that two antenna ports are QCL with respect to a specific parameter (e.g., Doppler spread), the UE can estimate that parameter based on a reference signal transmitted on one transmit antenna port and use that estimate when receiving another reference signal or physical channel on the other antenna port. Typically, the first antenna port is represented by a measurement reference signal (called the source RS) such as a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), and the second antenna port is a DMRS (called the target RS) used for PDSCH reception.

[0088] In NR, the QCL relationship between the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) and other reference signals in the PDSCH is described by TCI states. Depending on the UE's capabilities, up to 128 TCI states can be configured for the UE in frequency range 2 (FR2) and up to 8 TCI states in FR1 via RRC signaling. Each TCI state contains QCL information for the purpose of PDSCH reception. In the DCI that schedules the PDSCH, one or two TCI states can be dynamically signaled to the UE in the TCI field.

[0089] The QCL relationship between the DMRS and other reference signals in the PDCCH is described by the TCI state of the control resource set (CORESET) transmitting the PDCCH. For each CORESET configured for the UE, the TCI state list is configured by the RRC; one of them is activated by the MAC CE. In NR Rel-15, a maximum of three CORESETs per bandwidth portion (BWP) can be configured for the UE. In NR Rel-16, a maximum of five CORESETs per BWP can be configured for the UE, depending on capacity.

[0090] PDSCH transmission on multiple transmission points or panels (TRPs)

[0091] In one scenario, downlink data is transmitted through multiple TRPs, with different MIMO layers transmitting through different TRPs. This is known as Noncoherent Joint Transport (NC-JT). In another scenario, different time / frequency resources can be allocated to different TRPs, and one or more PDSCHs can be transmitted through different TRPs. NR Rel-16 specifies two methods for scheduling multi-TRP transmissions: multi-PDCCH-based multi-TRP transmission and single-PDCCH-based multi-TRP transmission. Both multi-PDCCH-based and single-PDCCH-based multi-TRP transmissions can be used to supply downlink eMBB and downlink URLLC services to the UE.

[0092] DL data transmission based on multiple PDCCH via multiple transport points (TRP)

[0093] Figure 5An example is shown where data is sent to the UE via two TRPs, each TRP carrying one TB mapped to a codeword. When the UE has four receive antennas and each TRP has only two transmit antennas, the UE can support up to four MIMO layers, but each TRP can transmit up to two MIMO layers. In this case, by sending data to the UE on both TRPs, the peak data rate for the UE can be increased because up to four aggregation layers from the two TRPs can be used. This is beneficial when traffic load and resource utilization are low in each TRP. In this example, a single scheduler is used to schedule data on both TRPs. One PDCCH is sent from each of the two TRPs in the time slot, and one PDSCH is scheduled for each. This is called a multi-PDCCH or multi-DCI scheme, where the UE receives two PDCCHs and two associated PDSCHs from the two TRPs in the time slot.

[0094] In the NR specification 3GPP TS 38.211, there is a limitation statement:

[0095] "UEs can assume that PDSCH DM-RS within the same CDM group are quasi-co-located in terms of Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, and spatial Rx."

[0096] If a UE is not scheduled to all DMRS ports in a CDM group, another UE may be scheduled simultaneously using the remaining ports in that CDM group. The UE can then estimate the channel (and therefore the interference signal) of that other UE in order to perform coherent interference suppression. Therefore, this is useful in MU-MIMO scheduling and UE interference suppression.

[0097] In multi-TRP scenarios, where the UE receives PDSCHs via multiple PDCCHs transmitted from different TRPs, the signals transmitted from different TRPs are unlikely to be quasi-co-located because the TRPs may be spatially separated. In this case, the PDSCHs transmitted from different TRPs will have different TCI states associated with them. Furthermore, according to the aforementioned restrictions in 3GPP TS 38.211, the two PDSCH DM-RSs associated with two TRPs must belong to different DM-RS CDM groups (because these two PDSCH DM-RSs are not QCLs, they cannot belong to the same DM-RS CDM group). Figure 6An example relationship between TCI states and DM-RS CDM groups in a multi-PDCCH, multi-TRP scenario is shown. In this example, PDSCH1 is associated with TCI state p, while PDSCH2 is associated with TCI state q. PDSCH DM-RS from different TRPs also belong to different DM-RS CDM groups because they are not quasi-co-located. In this example, the DMRS of PDSCH1 belongs to CDM group u, while the DMRS of PDSCH2 belongs to CDM group v.

[0098] DL data transmission based on a single PDCCH via multiple transport points (TRP)

[0099] PDSCH can be sent to the UE from multiple TRPs. Since different TRPs may be located in different physical locations and / or have different beams, the propagation channels may be different. To facilitate the reception of PDSCH data from different TRPs or beams, the UE can be indicated with two TCI states using a single code point in the TCI field of the DCI, each TCI state associated with a TRP or beam.

[0100] Figure 7 An example of PDSCH transmission using a single DCI via two TRPs is shown, where different layers of the PDSCH with a single codeword (e.g., CW0) are transmitted via two TRPs, each associated with a different TCI state. In this case, two DMRS ports (one per layer) in two CDM groups are also signaled to the UE. The first TCI state is associated with the DMRS port in the first CDM group, and the second TCI state is associated with the DMRS port in the second CDM group. This approach is commonly referred to as NC-JT (Incoherent Joint Transmission) or Scheme 1a in the NR Rel-16 3GPP discussions.

[0101] Sending PDSCH via multiple TRPs can also improve the reliability of PDSCH transmission in URLLC applications. NR Rel-16 introduced several methods, including "FDM Scheme A," "FDM Scheme B," "TDM Scheme A," and a slot-based TDM scheme. Note that the term Scheme 4 is used in the discussion of the slot-based TDM scheme within the NR Rel-16 3GPP discussions.

[0102] Figure 8An example of multi-TRP PDSCH transmission using FDM scheme A is shown, where PDSCH is transmitted via TRP1 in PRG (precoded RB group) {0,2,4} and TRP2 in PRG {1,3,5}. Transmissions from TRP1 are associated with TCI state 1, while transmissions from TRP2 are associated with TCI state 2. Since transmissions from TRP1 and TRP2 do not overlap in the case of FDM scheme A, the DMRS port can be the same (i.e., DMRS port 0 is used for both transmissions). PDSCH is scheduled by the PDCCH transmitted via TRP1.

[0103] Figure 9 Example data transmission using FDM scheme B is shown, where PDSCH#1 is transmitted in PRG{0, 2, 4} from TRP1, while PDSCH#2, with the same TB, is transmitted in PRG{1, 3, 5} from TRP2. The transmission from TRP1 is associated with TCI state 1, while the transmission from TRP2 is associated with TCI state 2. Since the transmissions from TRP1 and TRP2 do not overlap in the case of FDM scheme B, the DMRS port can be the same (i.e., DMRS port 0 is used for both transmissions). The two PDSCHs carry the same coded data payload but have the same or different redundant versions, allowing the UE to soft-combine the two PDSCHs for more reliable reception.

[0104] Figure 10 Example data transmission using TDM scheme A is shown, where PDSCH repetition occurs within a small time slot of four OFDM symbols within a time slot. Each PDSCH can be associated with the same or different RVs. The PDSCH#1 transmission from TRP1 is associated with the first TCI state, while the PDSCH#2 transmission from TRP2 is associated with the second TCI state.

[0105] Figure 11 The diagram illustrates an example of multi-TRP data transmission using a slot-based TDM scheme, where four PDSCHs of the same TB are transmitted through two TRPs and in four consecutive time slots. Each PDSCH is associated with a different RV. Transmissions of odd-numbered PDSCHs from TRP1 are associated with a first TCI state, while transmissions of even-numbered PDSCHs from TRP2 are associated with a second TCI state.

[0106] For all DL multi-TRP PDSCH schemes based on a single PDCCH, a single DCI sent from a TRP is used to schedule multiple PDSCH transmissions through the TRP. The network configures multiple TCI states for the UE via RRC, and a new MAC CE was introduced in NR Rel-16. This MAC CE can be used to map code points in the TCI field to one or two TCI states.

[0107] Default TCI status

[0108] Single TRP transmission

[0109] If no TCI code point is mapped to two different TCI states, and the time offset between the received DL DCI and the corresponding PDSCH is less than the higher-layer configured threshold timeDurationForQCL, then the TCI state indicated in the TCI field of the DCI for scheduling the PDSCH is not used. The UE may assume that the TCI state of the PDSCH is given by the TCI state activated by the CORESET with the lowest ControlResourceSetId in one or more CORESETs in the latest time slot of the active BWP of the serving cell monitored for the UE. The TCI state is referred to here as the default TCI state. If none of the TCI states configured for the serving cell of the scheduled PDSCH contain 'QCL-TypeD', then the UE should obtain other QCL assumptions from the TCI state indicated by the DCI for its scheduled PDSCH, regardless of the time offset between the received DL DCI and the corresponding PDSCH.

[0110] Multi-TRP transmission

[0111] If the offset between the received DL DCI and the corresponding PDSCH is less than the threshold timeDurationForQCL, and at least one configured TCI state of the serving cell used for scheduling PDSCH contains 'QCL-TypeD', and at least one TCI code point is configured with two TCI states, the UE may assume that the TCI state of the PDSCH is given by the TCI state of the lowest code point among the TCI code points containing two different TCI states. In this case, the two TCI states are the default TCI states.

[0112] The default TCI state corresponds to the Rx beam used by the UE, which is used to receive (and buffer) the PDSCH before the corresponding DCI is decoded (because the UE does not know what TCI state is required to receive the PDSCH before the DCI is decoded). Otherwise, if the time offset between the DCI and the PDSCH (which is unknown before the DCI is decoded) is below a threshold, the wrong Rx beam may be used and the PDSCH may be lost.

[0113] Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS)

[0114] For CSI measurement and feedback, CSI-RS is defined. CSI-RS is transmitted on each transmit antenna (or antenna port) and is used by the UE to measure the downlink channel between each transmit antenna port and each receive antenna. Antenna ports are also called CSI-RS ports. The number of antenna ports supported in NR is {1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, 32}. By measuring the received CSI-RS, the UE can estimate the channel that the CSI-RS is traversing, including the radio propagation channel and antenna gain. CSI-RS used for the above purposes is also known as Non-Zero Power (NZP) CSI-RS.

[0115] NZP CSI-RS can be configured to be transmitted in one time slot and in certain REs within certain time slots. Figure 12 An example of a CSI-RS RE with 12 antenna ports is shown, where one RE is shown for each RB per port.

[0116] Furthermore, NR defines a CSI Interference Measurement Resource (CSI-IM) for UEs to measure interference. A CSI-IM resource contains four REs, either four adjacent REs on the same frequency within the same OFDM symbol, or 2×2 adjacent REs on both time and frequency within a time slot. By measuring the channel based on NZP CSI-RS and the interference based on CSI-IM, the UE can estimate the effective channel and noise plus interference to determine CSI, i.e., rank, precoding matrix, and channel quality.

[0117] In NR, CSI-RS can be aperiodic, semi-persistent, or periodic. Aperiodic CSI-RS transmissions are typically triggered by UL DCI (i.e., DCI format 0_1 ​​and DCI format 0_2).

[0118] CSI framework in NR

[0119] In NR, multiple CSI reporting settings (each represented by a higher-layer parameter CSI-ReportConfig with an associated identifier ReportConfigID) and multiple CSI resource settings (each represented by a higher-layer parameter CSI-ResourceConfig with an associated identifier CSI-ResourceConfigId) can be configured for the UE. Each CSI resource setting can contain multiple CSI resource sets (each represented by a higher-layer parameter NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet with an associated identifier NZP-CSIRS-ResourceSetld for channel measurement or by a higher-layer parameter CSI-IM-ResourceSet with an associated identifier CSI-IM-ResourceSetld for interference measurement), and each NZP CSI-RS resource set used for channel measurement can contain up to 8 NZP CSI-RS resources. For each CSI reporting setting, the UE feeds back a set of CSIs, depending on the configured number of reports. These CSIs may include one or more of the following: CSI-RS Resource Indicator (CRI), RI, PMI, and CQI per CW.

[0120] Each CSI report setting contains one or more of the following information:

[0121] • CSI resource settings for channel measurement based on NZP CSI-RS resources (represented by the higher-level parameter resourcesForChannelMeasurement)

[0122] • CSI resource settings for interference measurement based on CSI-IM resources (represented by the higher-level parameter csi-IM-ResourcesForInterference)

[0123] • Optionally, CSI resource settings for interference measurements based on NZP CSI-RS resources (represented by the higher-level parameter nzp-CSI-RS-ResourcesForInterference).

[0124] • Time-domain behavior, i.e., periodic, semi-persistent, or non-periodic reporting (represented by the higher-level parameter reportConfigType).

[0125] • Frequency granularity, i.e., broadband or subband

[0126] • When there are multiple NZP CSI-RS resources in a resource set, the CSI parameters to be reported (such as RI, PMI, CQI, L1-RSRP / L1_SINR, and CRI) for channel measurements (represented by the higher-level parameter reportQuantity, such as 'cri-RI-PMI-CQI', 'cri-RSRP', or 'ssb-Index-RSRP') are used for channel measurements.

[0127] • Codebook type, i.e., type I or II in the reporting case, and codebook subset restrictions.

[0128] Measurement limitations

[0129] For periodic and semi-static CSI reporting, only one NZP CSI-RS resource set can be configured for channel measurements and one CSI-IM resource set for interference measurements. For aperiodic CSI reporting, the CSI resource settings for channel measurements can contain more than one NZP CSI-RS resource set for channel measurements. If the CSI resource settings for channel measurements contain multiple NZP CSI-RS resource sets for aperiodic CSI reporting, only one NZP CSI-RS resource set can be selected and indicated to the UE. For aperiodic CSI reporting, a trigger state list (given by the higher-level parameter CSI-AperiodicTriggerStateList) is provided. Each trigger state in CSI-AperiodicTriggerStateList contains an associated list of CSI-ReportConfigs indicating the resource set IDs for the channel and (optionally) interference. For a UE configured with the higher-level parameter CSI-AperiodicTriggerStateList, if the resource setting linked to CSI-ReportConfig has multiple aperiodic resource sets, only one aperiodic CSI-RS resource set from that resource setting is associated with the trigger state in the aperiodic CSI-RS resource set, and the UE selects an NZP CSI-RS resource set from that resource setting for each trigger state of each resource setting configured at the higher level.

[0130] When the selected NZP CSI-RS resource set used for channel measurements contains more than one NZP CSI-RS resource, the UE reports a CSI-RS Resource Indicator (CRI) to the gNB to indicate a selected NZP CSI-RS resource in the resource set, along with the RI, PMI, and CQI associated with the selected NZP CSI-RS resource. This type of CSI assumes that the PDSCH is transmitted from a single Transmit Receive Point (TRP), and the CSI is also called a Single TRP CSI.

[0131] Existing NR UE behavior when aperiodic CSI-RS conflicts with PDSCH

[0132] When a non-periodic CSI-RS conflict with PDSCH is involved, the following UE behavior is specified in the existing NR specification in TS 38.214:

[0133] If the scheduling offset between the last symbol of the PDCCH carrying the DCI trigger and the first symbol of the aperiodic CSI-RS resource is less than the UE-reported threshold beamSwitchTiming defined in [TS 38.306]:

[0134] • If a PDSCH with the indicated TCI state exists in the same symbol as the CSI-RS, and the PDSCH is scheduled with a scheduling offset greater than or equal to the threshold timeDurationForQCL, then the UE also applies the QCL assumption of the PDSCH when receiving aperiodic CSI-RS.

[0135] Otherwise, when receiving aperiodic CSI-RS, the UE applies the QCL assumption for the CORESET associated with the monitored search space having the lowest controlResourceSetId in the most recent time slot, where one or more CORESETs in the active BWP of the serving cell are monitored.

[0136] There are certain challenges at present. Existing NR standards define UE behavior when aperiodic CSI-RS conflicts with PDSCH, specifically when PDSCH is indicated by a single TCI state. The current NR specification does not define how the UE should behave (i.e., what QCL assumptions the UE makes) to receive aperiodic CSI-RS when it conflicts with a PDSCH indicated by two TCI states in the DCI. This is an unresolved issue that needs to be addressed. Specifically, this UE behavior is not defined when the PDSCH uses one of the following schemes: NC-JT scheme based on a single PDCCH; "FDM Scheme A"; "FDM Scheme B"; "TDM Scheme A".

[0137] Systems and methods are provided for determining the Transmission Configuration Indication (TCI) state of an aperiodic (AP) Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) that overlaps with a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) transmission. In some embodiments, the method performed by a wireless device for determining the TCI state for receiving one or more AP CSI-RS includes one or more of the following: receiving one or more AP CSI-RS in the same symbols as a downlink transmission scheduled by a DCI having two TCI states indicated in the DCI; receiving the triggering of one or more AP CSI-RS having a scheduling offset between the last symbol of the PDCCH carrying the triggering DCI and the first symbol of the AP CSI-RS resource, wherein the scheduling offset is less than a threshold reported by the wireless device; and determining that the downlink transmission is scheduled according to one of the following: “TDM Scheme A”; “FDM Scheme A”; “FDM Scheme B”; and a scheme in which downlink transmissions are received in different TCI states of different layers. In some embodiments, the wireless device applies a QCL assumption to the timing of PDSCH transmissions when receiving AP CSI-RS, depending on the situation.

[0138] Figure 13A method performed by a wireless device for determining the TCI state for receiving one or more AP CSI-RS is illustrated. In some embodiments, the wireless device performs one or more of the following: receiving one or more AP CSI-RS in the same symbol as a downlink transmission scheduled by a DCI having two TCI states indicated in the DCI (step 1300); receiving the triggering of one or more AP CSI-RS having a scheduling offset between the last symbol of the PDCCH carrying the triggering DCI and the first symbol of the AP CSI-RS resource, wherein the scheduling offset is less than a threshold reported by the wireless device (step 1302); and determining that the downlink transmission is scheduled according to one of the following: "TDM scheme A"; "FDM scheme A"; "FDM scheme B"; and a scheme in which downlink transmissions are received in different TCI states (step 1304). In some embodiments, depending on the situation, the wireless device applies the QCL assumption to the PDSCH transmission timing when receiving AP CSI-RS (step 1306). In some embodiments, this defines the UE behavior for receiving aperiodic CSI-RS when the PDSCH conflicts with the aperiodic CSI-RS when indicated by two TCI states (i.e., what QCL assumptions the UE makes). One benefit is that the proposed solution defines which QCL properties should be used to receive conflicting aperiodic CSI-RS, which was not previously defined in NR. Using the proposed solution, aperiodic CSI-RS can be flexibly triggered in overlapping symbols, where the PDSCH is scheduled according to one of the NC-JT schemes "FDM Scheme A", "FDM Scheme B", and "TDM Scheme A" based on a single PDCCH.

[0139] Figure 14A method performed by a base station for indicating a TCI state for receiving one or more AP CSI-RS is illustrated. In some embodiments, the base station performs one or more of the following: transmitting one or more AP CSI-RS to a radio device in the same symbol as a downlink transmission scheduled by a DCI having two TCI states indicated in the DCI (step 1400); triggering one or more AP CSI-RS having a scheduling offset between the last symbol of the PDCCH carrying the triggering DCI and the first symbol of the AP CSI-RS resource, wherein the scheduling offset is less than a threshold reported by the radio device (step 1402); and scheduling the downlink transmission according to one of the group consisting of: "TDM scheme A"; "FDM scheme A"; "FDM scheme B"; and a scheme in which different sets of layers are received in different TCI states (step 1404). In some embodiments, depending on the surrounding environment, the base station assumes that the radio device applies a QCL assumption to the timing of PDSCH transmission when receiving AP CSI-RS (step 1406). In some embodiments, this defines the UE behavior for receiving aperiodic CSI-RS when the PDSCH conflicts with the aperiodic CSI-RS when indicated by two TCI states (i.e., what QCL assumptions the UE makes). One benefit is that the proposed solution defines which QCL properties should be used to receive conflicting aperiodic CSI-RS, which was not previously defined in NR. Using the proposed solution, aperiodic CSI-RS can be flexibly triggered in overlapping symbols, where the PDSCH is scheduled according to one of the NC-JT schemes "FDM Scheme A", "FDM Scheme B", and "TDM Scheme A" based on a single PDCCH.

[0140] Example 1 addresses a scenario where the AP CSI-RS conflicts with a PDSCH scheduled according to "TDM Scheme A" and the scheduling offset is higher than a threshold.

[0141] In this embodiment, the UE is configured to receive PDSCH according to "TDM Scheme A" and indicate it in the DCI with two TCI states, wherein the first TCI state applies to PDSCH transmission timing 1 (denoted as PDSCH1) and the second TCI state applies to PDSCH transmission timing 2 (denoted as PDSCH2). This corresponds to the case where the scheduling offset from the last symbol of the PDCCH carrying the DCI to the first symbol of PDSCH1 is greater than or equal to the threshold timeDurationForQCL.

[0142] Furthermore, in this embodiment, an aperiodic CSI-RS (AP CSI-RS) is triggered to the UE by another DCI having a scheduling offset between the last symbol of the PDCCH carrying the triggering DCI (i.e., the DCI triggering APCSI-RS) and the first symbol of the aperiodic CSI-RS resource. This scheduling offset is less than the threshold beamSwitchTiming reported by the UE. In this case, there exists such as Figure 15 The two possibilities shown Figure 15 The first example of Implementation 1 is shown, which takes into account the conflict between AP CSI-RS and PDSCH scheduled according to “TDM Scheme A”.

[0143] like Figure 15 As shown in (A), when AP CSI-RS and PDSCH1 are in the same symbol, the UE applies the QCL assumption of PDSCH1 (given by the first indication TCI state in the DCI) when receiving AP CSI-RS. In other words, the UE uses the same receive beam as the one used to receive PDSCH1 to receive AP CSI-RS, and the spatial QCL properties of PDSCH1 are given by the first indication TCI state in the DCI.

[0144] like Figure 15 As shown in (B), when AP CSI-RS and PDSCH2 are in the same symbol, the UE applies the QCL assumption of PDSCH2 (given by the second indicator TCI state in the DCI) when receiving AP CSI-RS. In other words, the UE uses the same receive beam as the one used to receive PDSCH2 to receive AP CSI-RS, and the spatial QCL properties of PDSCH2 are given by the second indicator TCI state in the DCI.

[0145] There are also such as Figure 16 The third possibility shown illustrates a second example of Embodiment 1 considering the conflict between AP CSI-RS and PDSCH scheduled according to "TDM Scheme A". As shown in the figure, in this third possibility, the symbols of both AP CSI-RS and PDSCH1 and PDSCH2 overlap. In this case, since the CSI-RS of a single AP CSI-RS resource is sent from a TRP, it is impossible to receive the CSI-RS of a single AP CSI-RS resource using two different QCLs. The UE considers this an error condition and discards the AP CSI-RS (i.e., does not receive the AP CSI-RS).

[0146] Example 2 addresses a scenario where the AP CSI-RS conflicts with a PDSCH scheduled according to “TDM Scheme A” and a scheduling offset is below a threshold.

[0147] In this embodiment, the UE is configured to receive the PDSCH according to "TDM Scheme A" and indicate it with two TCI states in the DCI. In this case, the scheduling offset from the last symbol of the PDCCH to the first symbol of PDSCH1 is less than the threshold timeDurationForQCL, but the scheduling offset from the last symbol of the PDCCH to the first symbol of PDSCH2 is greater than or equal to the threshold. In this case, a first default TCI state is applied to PDSCH1, and a second indicated TCI state is applied to PDSCH2. According to the NR Rel-16 specification, the default TCI state of the PDSCH is given by the TCI state corresponding to the lowest code point among the TCI code points containing two different TCI states. Therefore, the first default TCI state is defined as the first of the two different TCI states corresponding to the lowest such code point.

[0148] Furthermore, in this embodiment, another DCI with a scheduling offset between the last symbol of the PDCCH carrying the triggering DCI and the first symbol of the aperiodic CSI-RS resource triggers aperiodic CSI-RS to the UE. This scheduling offset is less than a threshold, such as the threshold beamSwitchTiming reported by the UE. In this case, there exists such as Figure 17 The two possibilities shown Figure 17 The first example of Implementation 2 is shown, which considers the conflict between AP CSI-RS and PDSCH scheduled according to “TDM Scheme A”.

[0149] like Figure 17 As shown in (A), when AP CSI-RS and PDSCH1 are in the same symbol, the UE applies the QCL assumption of PDSCH1 (given by the first default TCI state) when receiving AP CSI-RS. In other words, the UE uses the same receive beam as the receive beam used to receive PDSCH1 to receive AP CSI-RS, and the spatial QCL properties of PDSCH1 are given by the first default TCI state.

[0150] like Figure 17 As shown in (B), when AP CSI-RS and PDSCH2 are in the same symbol, the UE applies the QCL assumption of PDSCH2 (given by the second indicator TCI state in the DCI) when receiving AP CSI-RS. In other words, the UE uses the same receive beam as the one used to receive PDSCH2 to receive AP CSI-RS, and the spatial QCL properties of PDSCH2 are given by the second indicator TCI state in the DCI.

[0151] There are also such as Figure 18The third possibility shown illustrates a second example of Embodiment 2 considering the conflict between AP CSI-RS and PDSCH scheduled according to "TDM Scheme A". As shown, in this third possibility, the AP CSI-RS overlaps between the symbols of both PDSCH1 and PDSCH2. In this case, since it is impossible to receive different CSI-RS of a single AP CSI-RS resource using two different QCL assumptions, the UE discards the AP CSI-RS (i.e., does not receive the AP CSI-RS).

[0152] Example 3 addresses a scenario where the AP CSI-RS conflicts with the PDSCH scheduled according to "TDM Scheme A" and both have scheduling offsets below a threshold.

[0153] In this embodiment, the UE is configured to receive the PDSCH according to "TDM Scheme A" and indicated by two TCI states in the DCI. In this case, the scheduling offset from the last symbol of the PDCCH to the first symbol of PDSCH1 is less than the threshold timeDurationForQCL, and / or the scheduling offset from the last symbol of the PDCCH to the first symbol of PDSCH2 is less than the threshold timeDurationForQCL.

[0154] In this case, the first default TCI state applies to PDSCH1, and the second default TCI state applies to PDSCH2. According to the NR Rel-16 specification, the default TCI state of a PDSCH is given by the TCI state corresponding to the lowest code point among two TCI code points containing two different TCI states. Therefore, the first and second default TCI states correspond to the first and second of the two different TCI states corresponding to the lowest such code point, respectively.

[0155] Furthermore, in this embodiment, an aperiodic CSI-RS (AP CSI-RS) is triggered to the UE, wherein the scheduling offset between the last symbol of the PDCCH carrying the DCI trigger and the first symbol of the aperiodic CSI-RS resource is less than the UE reporting threshold beamSwitchTiming. In this case, there exists... Figure 19 The two possibilities shown illustrate the first example of Embodiment 3 considering the conflict between APCSI-RS and PDSCH scheduled according to “TDM Scheme A”.

[0156] like Figure 19As shown in (A), when AP CSI-RS and PDSCH1 are in the same symbol, the UE applies the QCL assumption of PDSCH1 (given by the first default TCI state) when receiving AP CSI-RS. In other words, the UE uses the same receive beam as the receive beam used to receive PDSCH1 to receive AP CSI-RS, and the spatial QCL properties of PDSCH1 are given by the first default TCI state.

[0157] like Figure 19 As shown in (B), when AP CSI-RS and PDSCH2 are in the same symbol, the UE applies the QCL assumption of PDSCH2 (given by the second default TCI state) when receiving AP CSI-RS. In other words, the UE uses the same receive beam as the one used to receive PDSCH2 to receive AP CSI-RS, and the spatial QCL properties of PDSCH2 are given by the second default TCI state.

[0158] There are also such as Figure 20 The third possibility shown illustrates a second example of Embodiment 3 considering the conflict between AP CSI-RS and PDSCH scheduled according to "TDM Scheme A". As shown, in this third possibility, the AP CSI-RS overlaps between the symbols of both PDSCH1 and PDSCH2. In this case, since it is impossible to receive different CSI-RS of a single AP CSI-RS resource using two different QCL assumptions, the UE discards the AP CSI-RS (i.e., does not receive the AP CSI-RS).

[0159] Example 4 addresses a scenario where the AP CSI-RS conflicts with the PDSCH scheduled according to the NC-JT scheme based on a single PDCCH and the scheduling offset is higher than a threshold.

[0160] In this embodiment, the UE is configured to receive the PDSCH according to the NC-JT scheme based on a single PDCCH, and the DCI indicates this with two TCI states, where the two TCI states are used to receive different layer sets corresponding to the PDSCH (i.e., the first layer set corresponds to the first TCI state, and the second layer set corresponds to the second TCI state). This corresponds to the case where the scheduling offset from the last symbol of the PDCCH to the first symbol of the PDSCH is greater than or equal to the threshold timeDurationForQCL.

[0161] In addition, in one case, an aperiodic CSI-RS (AP CSI-RS) is triggered to the UE by another DCI, wherein the scheduling offset between the last symbol of the PDCCH carrying the triggering DCI and the first symbol of the aperiodic CSI-RS resource is less than the threshold beamSwitchTiming reported by the UE. Figure 21 A first example of Implementation 4 is shown, considering the conflict between AP CSI-RS and PDSCH scheduled according to the NC-JT scheme based on a single PDCCH, where the AP CSI-RS is assumed to be in a first TCI state. The aperiodic CSI-RS and PDSCH symbols overlap, as shown... Figure 21 As shown in the image.

[0162] In this case, when AP CSI-RS and PDSCH are in the same symbol, such as Figure 21 As shown, when the UE receives AP CSI-RS, it applies the QCL assumption given by the first indication TCI state in the DCI used for PDSCH. In other words, the UE uses the same receive beam as the receive beam used to receive PDSCH to receive AP CSI-RS, and the spatial QCL properties of PDSCH are given by the first indication TCI state in the DCI.

[0163] In the second case, two AP CSI-RS are triggered to the UE (e.g., each AP CSI-RS sent from a different TRP), wherein the scheduling offset between the last symbol of the PDCCH carrying the DCI trigger and the first symbol of the non-periodic CSI-RS resource is less than the threshold beamSwitchTiming reported by the UE. Figure 22 A second example of Embodiment 4 is shown, considering the conflict between AP CSI-RS and PDSCH scheduled according to the NC-JT scheme based on a single PDCCH, where the first AP CSI-RS and the second AP CSI-RS are assumed to be in first TCI state and second TCI state, respectively. The two aperiodic CSI-RS overlap with the PDSCH symbols, as shown... Figure 22 As shown in the image.

[0164] In this scenario, for the first AP CSI-RS, when receiving the first AP CSI-RS, the UE applies the QCL assumption given by the first indication TCI state in the DCI used for PDSCH. In other words, the UE uses the same receive beam as the one used to receive the PDSCH to receive the first AP CSI-RS, and the spatial QCL properties of the PDSCH are given by the first indication TCI state in the DCI.

[0165] For the second AP CSI-RS, when receiving the second AP CSI-RS, the UE applies the QCL assumption given by the second indication TCI state in the DCI used for PDSCH. In other words, the UE uses the same receive beam as the receive beam used to receive the PDSCH to receive the second AP CSI-RS, and the spatial QCL properties of the PDSCH are given by the second indication TCI state in the DCI.

[0166] The first and second AP CSI-RS resources are defined using the CSI-RS resource ID or CSI-RS resource set ID to which the AP CSI-RS resource belongs (i.e., NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSetId). For example, if two AP CSI-RS resources are in different CSI-RS resource set IDs, the AP CSI-RS resource with the smallest NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSetId is the first AP CSI-RS resource, and the AP CSI-RS resource with the largest NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSetId is the second AP CSI-RS resource. A similar definition for the first and second AP CSI-RS resources can be achieved by using the CSI-RS resource ID instead of the CSI-RS resource set ID.

[0167] Although this embodiment is written from the perspective of PDSCH scheduled according to the NC-JT scheme based on a single PDCCH, it can be easily extended to PDSCH scheduled via "FDM scheme A" or "FDM scheme B".

[0168] Example 5 addresses a scenario where the AP CSI-RS conflicts with a PDSCH scheduled according to the NC-JT scheme based on a single PDCCH and the scheduling offset is below a threshold.

[0169] In this embodiment, the UE is configured to receive the PDSCH according to the NC-JT scheme based on a single PDCCH, and indicated in the DCI with two TCI states, where two default TCI states are used to receive different layers corresponding to the PDSCH. This corresponds to the case where the scheduling offset from the last symbol of the PDCCH to the first symbol of the PDSCH is less than the threshold timeDurationForQCL. According to the NR Rel-16 specification, the default TCI state of the PDSCH is given by the TCI state corresponding to the lowest code point among the TCI code points containing two different TCI states.

[0170] In addition, in one case, an aperiodic CSI-RS (AP CSI-RS) is triggered to the UE, wherein the scheduling offset between the last symbol of the PDCCH carrying the DCI trigger and the first symbol of the aperiodic CSI-RS resource is less than the threshold beamSwitchTiming reported by the UE. Figure 23 A first example of Implementation 5 is shown, considering the conflict between AP CSI-RS and PDSCH scheduled according to the NC-JT scheme based on a single PDSCH, where a first default TCI state is assumed for AP CSI-RS. The aperiodic CSI-RS and PDSCH symbols overlap, as shown... Figure 23 As shown in the image.

[0171] In this case, when AP CSI-RS and PDSCH are in the same symbol, such as Figure 23 As shown, when the UE receives AP CSI-RS, it applies the QCL assumption given by the first default TCI state in the DCI used for PDSCH. In other words, the UE uses the same receive beam as the receive beam used to receive PDSCH to receive AP CSI-RS, and the spatial QCL properties of PDSCH are given by the first default TCI state.

[0172] In the second case, two AP CSI-RS are triggered to the UE (e.g., each AP CSI-RS sent from a different TRP), wherein the scheduling offset between the last symbol of the PDCCH carrying the DCI trigger and the first symbol of the non-periodic CSI-RS resource is less than the threshold beamSwitchTiming reported by the UE. Figure 24 A second example of Implementation 5 is shown, considering the conflict between AP CSI-RS and PDSCH scheduled according to the NC-JT scheme based on a single PDCCH, where a first default TCI state and a second default TCI state are assumed for the first AP CSI-RS and the second AP CSI-RS, respectively. The two aperiodic CSI-RS overlap with the PDSCH symbols, as shown... Figure 24 As shown in the image.

[0173] In this scenario, for the first AP CSI-RS, the UE applies the QCL assumption given by the first default TCI state used for PDSCH when receiving the first AP CSI-RS. In other words, the UE uses the same receive beam as the one used to receive the PDSCH to receive the first AP CSI-RS, and the spatial QCL properties of the PDSCH are given by the first default TCI state in the DCI.

[0174] For the second AP CSI-RS, when receiving the second AP CSI-RS, the UE applies the QCL assumption given by the second default TCI state used for PDSCH. In other words, the UE uses the same receive beam as the receive beam used to receive PDSCH to receive the second AP CSI-RS, and the spatial QCL properties of PDSCH are given by the second indicator TCI state in the DCI.

[0175] The first and second AP CSI-RS resources are defined using the CSI-RS resource ID or CSI-RS resource set ID to which the AP CSI-RS resource belongs (i.e., NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSetId). For example, if two AP CSI-RS resources are in different CSI-RS resource set IDs, the AP CSI-RS resource with the smallest NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSetId is the first AP CSI-RS resource, and the AP CSI-RS resource with the largest NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSetId is the second AP CSI-RS resource. A similar definition for the first and second AP CSI-RS resources can be achieved by using the CSI-RS resource ID instead of the CSI-RS resource set ID.

[0176] Although this embodiment is written from the perspective of PDSCH scheduled according to the NC-JT scheme based on a single PDCCH, it can be easily extended to PDSCH scheduled via "FDM scheme A" or "FDM scheme B".

[0177] Figure 25This is a schematic block diagram of a radio access node 2500 according to some embodiments of the present invention. Optional functions are indicated by dashed boxes. The radio access node 2500 may be, for example, a base station 402 or 406, or a network node implementing all or part of the functions of the base station 402 or gNB described herein. As shown, the radio access node 2500 includes a control system 2502, which includes one or more processors 2504 (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.), a memory 2506, and a network interface 2508. The one or more processors 2504 are also referred to herein as processing circuitry. In addition, the radio access node 2500 may include one or more radio units 2510, each radio unit 2510 including one or more transmitters 2512 and one or more receivers 2514 coupled to one or more antennas 2516. The radio unit 2510 may be referred to as radio interface circuitry or as part thereof. In some embodiments, the radio unit 2510 is external to the control system 2502 and connected to the control system 2502 via, for example, a wired connection (e.g., optical fiber). However, in some other embodiments, the radio unit 2510 and possibly the antenna 2516 are integrated with the control system 2502. As described herein, one or more processors 2504 operate to provide one or more functions of the radio access node 2500. In some embodiments, the functions are implemented in software, which is stored, for example, in memory 2506 and executed by one or more processors 2504.

[0178] Figure 26 This is a schematic block diagram illustrating a virtualized embodiment of a radio access node 2500 according to some embodiments of the present invention. This discussion is equally applicable to other types of network nodes. Furthermore, other types of network nodes may have similar virtualization architectures. Similarly, optional functions are indicated by dashed boxes.

[0179] As used herein, a “virtualized” radio access node is an implementation of radio access node 2500, wherein at least a portion of the functionality of radio access node 2500 is implemented as a virtual component (e.g., via a virtual machine executing on a physical processing node in the network). As illustrated, in this example, radio access node 2500 may include a control system 2502 and / or one or more radio units 2510, as described above. Control system 2502 may be connected to radio unit 2510 via, for example, fiber optic cable. Radio access node 2500 includes one or more processing nodes 2600 coupled to or included as part of network 2602. If present, control system 2502 or radio units are connected to processing node 2600 via network 2602. Each processing node 2600 includes one or more processors 2604 (e.g., CPU, ASIC, FPGA, etc.), memory 2606, and network interface 2608.

[0180] In this example, the functionality 2610 of the radio access node 2500 described herein is implemented at one or more processing nodes 2600 or distributed in any desired manner across one or more processing nodes 2600 and control system 2502 and / or radio unit 2510. In some specific embodiments, some or all of the functionality 2610 of the radio access node 2500 described herein is implemented as virtual components executed by one or more virtual machines implemented in a virtual environment hosted by processing node 2600. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, additional signaling or communication between processing node 2600 and control system 2502 is used to perform at least some of the desired functionality 2610. It is worth noting that in some embodiments, control system 2502 may be omitted, in which case radio unit 2510 communicates directly with processing node 2600 via a suitable network interface.

[0181] In some embodiments, a computer program including instructions, when executed by at least one processor, causes at least one processor to perform the functions of radio access node 2500 or provides one or more of the following nodes (e.g., processing node 2600) to implement the functions of radio access node 2500 in a virtual environment according to any embodiment described herein:

[0182] Figure 27This is a schematic block diagram of a radio access node 2500 according to some other embodiments of the present invention. The radio access node 2500 includes one or more modules 2700, each implemented in software. Modules 2700 provide the functionality of the radio access node 2500 described herein. This discussion also applies to... Figure 26 The processing node 2600, wherein the module 2700 may be implemented at one of the processing nodes 2600 or distributed on multiple processing nodes 2600 and / or distributed on the processing node 2600 and the control system 2502.

[0183] Figure 28 This is a schematic block diagram of a wireless communication device 2800 according to some embodiments of the present invention. As shown, the wireless communication device 2800 includes one or more processors 2802 (e.g., CPU, ASIC, FPGA, etc.), a memory 2804, and one or more transceivers 2806. Each transceiver includes one or more transmitters 2808 and one or more receivers 2810 coupled to one or more antennas 2812. The transceiver 2806 includes radio front-end circuitry connected to the antenna 2812, configured to modulate signals transmitted between the antenna 2812 and the processor 2802, as will be understood by those skilled in the art. The processor 2802 is also referred to herein as processing circuitry. The transceiver 2806 is also referred to herein as radio circuitry. In some embodiments, the functionality of the wireless communication device 2800 described above may be implemented entirely or partially in software, for example, stored in the memory 2804 and executed by the processor 2802. Note that the wireless communication device 2800 may include components not in the memory 2804. Figure 28 Additional components shown include, for example, one or more user interface components (e.g., including a display, buttons, touchscreen, microphone, speaker, etc. and / or any other components that allow information to be input to and / or output from the wireless communication device 2800), power sources (e.g., a battery and associated power circuitry), etc.

[0184] In some embodiments, a computer program including instructions is provided that, when executed by at least one processor, causes at least one processor to perform the functions of a wireless communication device 2800 according to any embodiment described herein. In some embodiments, a carrier including the computer program product described above is provided. The carrier is one of electronic signals, optical signals, radio signals, or computer-readable storage media (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as a memory).

[0185] Figure 29This is a schematic block diagram of a wireless communication device 2800 according to some other embodiments of the present invention. The wireless communication device 2800 includes one or more modules 2900, each module being implemented in software. Modules 2900 provide the functionality of the wireless communication device 2800 described herein.

[0186] refer to Figure 30 According to one embodiment, the communication system includes a telecommunications network 3000, such as a 3GPP-type cellular network, which includes an access network 3002, such as a RAN, and a core network 3004. The access network 3002 includes multiple base stations 3006A, 3006B, and 3006C, such as Node Bs, eNBs, gNBs, or other types of radio access points (APs), each base station defining a corresponding coverage area 3008A, 3008B, or 3008C. Each base station 3006A, 3006B, or 3006C can be connected to the core network 3004 via a wired or wireless connection 3010. A first UE 3012 located in coverage area 3008C is configured to wirelessly connect to or be paged by the corresponding base station 3006C. A second UE 3014 located in coverage area 3008A can wirelessly connect to the corresponding base station 3006A. Although multiple UEs 3012 and 3014 are shown in this example, the disclosed embodiments are equally applicable to situations where a single UE is in a coverage area or a single UE is connected to the corresponding base station 3006.

[0187] Telecommunications network 3000 is itself connected to host computer 3016, which may be implemented in the hardware and / or software of a standalone server, a cloud-implemented server, a distributed server, or as a processing resource in a server cluster. Host computer 3016 may be under the ownership or control of a service provider, or may be operated by the service provider or on behalf of the service provider. Connections 3018 and 3020 between telecommunications network 3000 and host computer 3016 may extend directly from core network 3004 to host computer 3016, or may be made via an optional intermediate network 3022. Intermediate network 3022 may be one or more of public, private, or hosted networks; intermediate network 3022, if any, may be a backbone network or the Internet; in particular, intermediate network 3022 may include two or more subnetworks (not shown).

[0188] Figure 30The communication system as a whole implements the connection between connected UEs 3012, 3014 and host computer 3016. The connection can be described as an over-the-top (OTT) connection 3024. Host computer 3016 and connected UEs 3012, 3014 are configured to transmit data and / or signaling via OTT connection 3024 using access network 3002, core network 3004, any intermediate network 3022 and possibly other infrastructure (not shown) as intermediaries. OTT connection 3024 can be transparent in the sense that the participating communication devices traversing it are unaware of the routes of uplink and downlink communications. For example, base station 3006 may not need or need to be informed of the past routes of incoming downlink communications, where data originates from host computer 3016 to be forwarded (e.g., handed over) to connected UE 3012. Similarly, base station 3006 does not need to know the future routes of outgoing uplink communications from UE 3012 to host computer 3016.

[0189] Now refer to Figure 31 Example implementations of the UE, base station, and host computer discussed in the preceding paragraphs are described according to embodiments. In communication system 3100, host computer 3102 includes hardware 3104 including a communication interface 3106 configured to establish and maintain wired or wireless connections with interfaces of different communication devices of communication system 3100. Host computer 3102 also includes processing circuitry 3108, which may have storage and / or processing capabilities. In particular, processing circuitry 3108 may include one or more programmable processors, ASICs, FPGAs, or combinations thereof (not shown), adapted to execute instructions. Host computer 3102 also includes software 3110, which is stored in or accessible by host computer 3102 and executable by processing circuitry 3108. Software 3110 includes host application 3112. Host application 3112 is operable to provide services to remote users, such as UE 3114 connected via an OTT connection 3116 terminating between UE 3114 and host computer 3102. When providing services to remote users, host application 3112 can provide user data sent using OTT connection 3116.

[0190] The communication system 3100 also includes a base station 3118 provided in the telecommunications system and including hardware 3120, which enables it to communicate with the host computer 3102 and the UE 3114. Hardware 3120 may include a communication interface 3122 for establishing and maintaining wired or wireless connections to different communication devices of the communication system 3100, and for establishing and maintaining connections with the coverage area served by the base station 3118. Figure 31The UE 3114 (not shown) has at least a radio interface 3124 for a wireless connection 3126. The communication interface 3122 can be configured to facilitate a connection 3128 to a host computer 3102. The connection 3128 can be direct or it can be via the core network of a telecommunications system (…). Figure 31 (Not shown) and / or via one or more intermediate networks outside the telecommunications system. In the illustrated embodiment, the hardware 3120 of base station 3118 also includes processing circuitry 3130, which may include one or more programmable processors, ASICs, FPGAs, or combinations of these (not shown) adapted to execute instructions. Base station 3118 also has software 3132 that is internally stored or accessible via an external connection.

[0191] The communication system 3100 also includes the previously mentioned UE 3114. The hardware 3134 of UE 3114 may include a radio interface 3136 configured to establish and maintain a wireless connection 3126 with a base station serving the coverage area currently occupied by UE 3114. The hardware 3134 of UE 3114 also includes processing circuitry 3138, which may include one or more programmable processors, ASICs, FPGAs, or combinations of these (not shown) suitable for executing instructions. UE 3114 also includes software 3140, which is stored in or accessible by UE 3114 and executable by processing circuitry 3138. Software 3140 includes a client application 3142. Client application 3142 is operable to provide services to human or non-human users via UE 3114, supported by host computer 3102. In host computer 3102, host application 3112 can communicate with client application 3142 via OTT connection 3116 terminated between UE 3114 and host computer 3102. When providing services to a user, client application 3142 can receive request data from host application 3112 and provide user data in response to the request data. OTT connection 3116 can transmit both request data and user data. Client application 3142 can interact with the user to generate the user data it provides.

[0192] Notice, Figure 31 The host computer 3102, base station 3118, and UE 3114 shown can be respectively connected to Figure 30 One of the host computer 3016, base stations 3006A, 3006B, and 3006C, and one of the UEs 3012 and 3014 are similar to or identical to each other. That is to say, the internal operation of these entities may be as follows: Figure 31 As shown, and independently, the surrounding network topology may be as follows: Figure 30 As shown.

[0193] exist Figure 31In this diagram, OTT connection 3116 is abstractly depicted to represent communication between host computer 3102 and UE 3114 via base station 3118, without explicitly referencing any intermediate devices or the precise routing of messages via those devices. The network infrastructure can determine the route, which can be configured to be hidden from UE 3114 or the service provider operating host computer 3102, or both. While OTT connection 3116 is active, the network infrastructure can further make decisions, dynamically altering the route through it (e.g., based on load balancing considerations or network reconfiguration).

[0194] The wireless connection 3126 between UE 3114 and base station 3118 is based on the teachings of embodiments described throughout the invention. One or more improvements in various embodiments utilize the OTT connection 3116 to provide performance of OTT services to UE 3114, wherein the wireless connection 3126 forms the final segment. More precisely, the teachings of these embodiments can improve, for example, data rates, latency, power consumption, etc., thereby providing benefits such as reduced user wait times, relaxed file size limits, better responsiveness, and extended battery life.

[0195] To monitor data rates, latency, and other factors improved by one or more embodiments, a measurement process may be provided. In response to changes in the measurement results, optional network functions may also exist for reconfiguring the OTT connection 3116 between the host computer 3102 and the UE 3114. The measurement process and / or network functions for reconfiguring the OTT connection 3116 may be implemented in the software 3110 and hardware 3104 of the host computer 3102, or in the software 3140 and hardware 3134 of the UE 3114, or both. In some embodiments, a sensor (not shown) may be deployed in or associated with the communication device through which the OTT connection 3116 passes; the sensor may participate in the measurement process by providing values ​​of the monitored quantities as exemplified above, or by providing values ​​of other physical quantities that the software 3110, 3140 can calculate or estimate. Reconfiguration of the OTT connection 3116 may include message formats, retransmission settings, preferred routing, etc.; reconfiguration does not need to affect the base station 3118, and it may be unknown or imperceptible to the base station 3118. Such processes and functions may be known and practiced in the art. In some embodiments, the measurement may involve proprietary UE signaling that enables the host computer 3102 to measure throughput, propagation time, latency, etc. The measurement can be achieved by using OTT connection 3116 to transmit messages, particularly empty or 'pseudo' messages, while simultaneously monitoring propagation time, errors, etc., via software 3110 and 3140.

[0196] Figure 32This is a flowchart illustrating a method implemented in a communication system according to one embodiment. The communication system includes a host computer, a base station, and a UE, which may be referenced... Figure 30 and 31 Those described. For the sake of simplicity of the invention, this section will only include those... Figure 32 Refer to the accompanying drawings. In step 3200, the host computer provides user data. In sub-step 3202 of step 3200 (which may be optional), the host computer provides user data by executing a host application. In step 3204, the host computer initiates a transmission carrying user data to the UE. In step 3206 (which may be optional), the base station sends the user data carried in the host computer-initiated transmission to the UE in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout the invention. In step 3208 (which may also be optional), the UE executes a client application associated with the host application executed by the host computer.

[0197] Figure 33 This is a flowchart illustrating a method implemented in a communication system according to one embodiment. The communication system includes a host computer, a base station, and a UE, which may be referenced... Figure 30 and 31 Those described. For the sake of simplicity of the invention, this section will only include those... Figure 33 Refer to the accompanying drawings. In step 3300 of the method, the host computer provides user data. In an optional sub-step (not shown), the host computer provides user data by executing a host application. In step 3302, the host computer initiates a transmission carrying user data to the UE. According to the teachings of the embodiments described throughout the invention, the transmission can be via a base station. In step 3304 (which may be optional), the UE receives the user data carried in the transmission.

[0198] Figure 34 This is a flowchart illustrating a method implemented in a communication system according to one embodiment. The communication system includes a host computer, a base station, and a UE, which may be referenced... Figure 30 and 31 Those described. For the sake of simplicity of the invention, this section will only include those... Figure 34Refer to the accompanying drawings. In step 3400 (which may be optional), the UE receives input data provided by the host computer. Additionally or alternatively, in step 3402, the UE provides user data. In sub-step 3404 of step 3400 (which may be optional), the UE provides user data by executing a client application. In sub-step 3406 of step 3402 (which may be optional), the UE executes a client application that provides user data in response to received input data provided by the host computer. When providing user data, the executed client application may further consider user input received from the user. Regardless of the specific manner in which user data is provided, the UE initiates the transmission of user data to the host computer in sub-step 3408 (which may be optional). In step 3410 of the method, the host computer receives user data sent from the UE, in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout the invention.

[0199] Figure 35 This is a flowchart illustrating a method implemented in a communication system according to one embodiment. The communication system includes a host computer, a base station, and a UE, which may be referenced... Figure 30 and 31 Those described. For the sake of simplicity of the invention, this section will only include those... Figure 35 Refer to the accompanying drawings. In step 3500 (which may be optional), the base station receives user data from the UE according to the teachings of the embodiments described throughout the invention. In step 3502 (which may be optional), the base station initiates the transmission of the received user data to the host computer. In step 3504 (which may be optional), the host computer receives the user data carried in the transmission initiated by the base station.

[0200] Any suitable steps, methods, features, functions, or benefits disclosed herein may be performed by one or more functional units or modules of one or more virtual devices. Each virtual device may include multiple such functional units. These functional units may be implemented via processing circuitry that may include one or more microprocessors or microcontrollers and other digital hardware that may include digital signal processors (DSPs), dedicated digital logic, etc. The processing circuitry may be configured to execute program code stored in memory, which may include one or more types of memory, such as read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), cache memory, flash memory devices, optical storage devices, etc. The program code stored in the memory includes program instructions for executing one or more telecommunications and / or data communication protocols and instructions for executing one or more techniques described herein. In some implementations, the processing circuitry may be used to cause corresponding functional units to perform corresponding functions according to one or more embodiments of the invention.

[0201] Although the processes in the accompanying drawings may show a particular order of operations performed by certain embodiments of the invention, it should be understood that such order is exemplary (e.g., alternative embodiments may perform operations in a different order, combine certain operations, overlap certain operations, etc.).

[0202] Example

[0203] Group A Examples

[0204] Example 1: A method performed by a wireless device for determining a Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state for receiving one or more aperiodic AP Channel State Information Reference Signals (CSI-RS), the method comprising one or more of the following: receiving (1300) one or more AP CSI-RS in the same symbol as a downlink transmission scheduled by a DCI having two TCI states indicated in the DCI; receiving (1302) a triggering of one or more AP CSI-RS having a scheduling offset between the last symbol of the PDCCH carrying the triggering DCI and the first symbol of the AP CSI-RS resource, wherein the scheduling offset is less than a threshold reported by the wireless device; and determining (1304) that the downlink transmission is scheduled according to one of the following: “TDM Scheme A”; “FDM Scheme A”; “FDM Scheme B”; and a scheme in which a different set of layers is received in different TCI states.

[0205] Example 2: The method according to any one of the foregoing examples, wherein the downlink transmission includes Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) transmission.

[0206] Example 3: The method according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the threshold reported by the wireless device includes the beamSwitchTiming value.

[0207] Example 4: The method according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the PDSCH is scheduled according to one of the following groups: "FDM scheme A"; "FDM scheme B"; and a scheme for receiving different sets of layers of PDSCH under different TCI states.

[0208] Example 5: The method according to any one of the preceding examples, wherein the scheduling offset from the last symbol of PDCCH to the first symbol of PDSCH is greater than or equal to the threshold timeDurationForQCL.

[0209] Example 6: The method according to any one of the preceding examples further includes: when a single triggered AP CSI-RS is in the same symbol as the PDSCH, applying (1306) the quasi-co-address QCL assumption given by the first indication TCI state in the DCI of the PDSCH when receiving the AP CSI-RS.

[0210] Example 7: The method according to any one of the preceding examples further includes: when the two triggered AP CSI-RS and PDSCH are in the same symbol, applying (1306) the QCL assumption given by the first indicator TCI state and the second indicator TCI state in the DCI of PDSCH respectively when receiving the first AP CSI-RS and the second AP CSI-RS.

[0211] Example 8: According to any one of the preceding examples, the first triggered AP CSI-RS and the second triggered AP CSI-RS are ordered according to the sorting of the corresponding CSI-RS resource identifiers or the sorting of the corresponding CSI-RS resource set identifiers to which the two AP CSI-RS belong.

[0212] Example 9: The method according to any one of the foregoing examples, wherein the scheduling offset from the last symbol of PDCCH to the first symbol of PDSCH is less than the threshold timeDurationForQCL.

[0213] Example 10: The method according to any one of the preceding embodiments further includes: when a single triggered AP CSI-RS is in the same symbol as PDSCH, applying (1306) the QCL assumption given by the first default TCI state of PDSCH when receiving AP CSI-RS.

[0214] Example 11: The method according to any one of the foregoing embodiments further includes: when the two triggered AP CSI-RS and PDSCH are in the same symbol, applying (1306) the QCL assumption given by the first default TCI state and the second default TCI state of PDSCH respectively when receiving the first AP CSI-RS and the second AP CSI-RS.

[0215] Example 12: According to any one of the preceding embodiments, the first triggered AP CSI-RS and the second triggered AP CSI-RS are ordered according to the sorting of the corresponding CSI-RS resource identifiers or the sorting of the corresponding CSI-RS resource set identifiers to which the two AP CSI-RS belong.

[0216] Example 13: The method according to any one of the foregoing examples, wherein the PDSCH is scheduled according to "TDM Scheme A".

[0217] Example 14: The method according to any one of the foregoing examples, wherein the scheduling offset from the last symbol of the PDCCH to the first symbol of the first PDSCH transmission timing is greater than or equal to the threshold timeDurationForQCL.

[0218] Example 15: The method according to any one of the preceding embodiments further includes: when a single triggered AP CSI-RS is in the same symbol as the first PDSCH transmission timing, applying (1306) the QCL assumption given by the first indication TCI state in the DCI of the first PDSCH transmission timing when receiving the AP CSI-RS.

[0219] Example 16: The method according to any one of the preceding embodiments further includes: when a single triggered AP CSI-RS is in the same symbol as a second PDSCH transmission timing, applying (1306) the QCL assumption given by the second indication TCI state in the DCI of the second PDSCH transmission timing when receiving the AP CSI-RS.

[0220] Example 17: The method according to any one of the foregoing examples, wherein the scheduling offset from the last symbol of the PDCCH to the first symbol of the first PDSCH transmission timing and the second PDSCH transmission timing is less than the threshold timeDurationForQCL.

[0221] Example 18: The method according to any one of the preceding embodiments further includes: when a single triggered AP CSI-RS is in the same symbol as the first PDSCH transmission timing, applying (1306) the QCL assumption given by the first default TCI state in the DCI of the first PDSCH transmission timing when receiving the AP CSI-RS.

[0222] Example 19: The method according to any one of the preceding embodiments further includes: when a single triggered AP CSI-RS is in the same symbol as a second PDSCH transmission timing, applying (1306) the QCL assumption given by the second indication TCI state in the DCI of the second PDSCH transmission timing when receiving the AP CSI-RS.

[0223] Example 20: The method according to any one of the foregoing embodiments further includes: providing user data; and forwarding the user data to a host computer via transmission to a base station.

[0224] Group B Implementation Examples

[0225] Example 21: A method performed by a base station for indicating a transmission configuration indication TCI state for receiving one or more aperiodic AP channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS), the method comprising one or more of the following: transmitting (1400) one or more AP CSI-RS to a radio device in the same symbol as a downlink transmission scheduled by a DCI having two TCI states indicated in the DCI; triggering (1402) one or more AP CSI-RS having a scheduling offset between the last symbol of the PDCCH carrying the triggering DCI and the first symbol of the AP CSI-RS resource, wherein the scheduling offset is less than a threshold reported by the radio device; and scheduling (1404) the downlink transmission according to one of the following: “TDM scheme A”; “FDM scheme A”; “FDM scheme B”; and a scheme in which different sets of layers are received in different TCI states.

[0226] Example 22: The method according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the downlink transmission includes Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) transmission.

[0227] Example 23: The method according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the threshold reported by the wireless device includes the beamSwitchTiming value.

[0228] Example 24: The method according to any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the PDSCH is scheduled according to one of the following: "FDM scheme A"; "FDM scheme B"; and a scheme for receiving different sets of PDSCH under different TCI states.

[0229] Example 25: The method according to any one of the foregoing examples, wherein the scheduling offset from the last symbol of PDCCH to the first symbol of PDSCH is greater than or equal to the threshold timeDurationForQCL.

[0230] Example 26: The method according to any one of the preceding embodiments further includes: when a single triggered AP CSI-RS and PDSCH are in the same symbol, assuming (1406) the wireless device applies the quasi-co-address QCL assumption given by the first indication TCI state in the DCI of the PDSCH when receiving the AP CSI-RS.

[0231] Example 27: The method according to any one of the preceding embodiments further includes: when the two triggered AP CSI-RS and PDSCH are in the same symbol, assuming (1406) the wireless device applies the QCL assumption given by the first indicator TCI state and the second indicator TCI state in the DCI of the PDSCH when receiving the first AP CSI-RS and the second AP CSI-RS respectively.

[0232] Example 28: According to any one of the preceding embodiments, the first triggered AP CSI-RS and the second triggered AP CSI-RS are ordered according to the sorting of the corresponding CSI-RS resource identifiers or the sorting of the corresponding CSI-RS resource set identifiers to which the two AP CSI-RS belong.

[0233] Example 29: The method according to any one of the preceding examples, wherein the scheduling offset from the last symbol of PDCCH to the first symbol of PDSCH is less than the threshold timeDurationForQCL.

[0234] Example 30: The method according to any one of the preceding embodiments further includes: when a single triggered AP CSI-RS is in the same symbol as PDSCH, assuming (1406) that the wireless device applies the QCL assumption given by the first default TCI state of PDSCH when receiving AP CSI-RS.

[0235] Example 31: The method according to any one of the preceding embodiments further includes: when the two triggered AP CSI-RS and PDSCH are in the same symbol, assuming (1406) the wireless device applies the QCL assumption given by the first default TCI state and the second default TCI state of PDSCH respectively when receiving the first AP CSI-RS and the second AP CSI-RS.

[0236] Example 32: According to any one of the preceding embodiments, the first triggered AP CSI-RS and the second triggered AP CSI-RS are ordered according to the sorting of the corresponding CSI-RS resource identifiers or the sorting of the corresponding CSI-RS resource set identifiers to which the two AP CSI-RS belong.

[0237] Example 33: The method according to any one of the foregoing examples, wherein the PDSCH is scheduled according to "TDM scheme A".

[0238] Example 34: The method according to any one of the foregoing examples, wherein the scheduling offset from the last symbol of the PDCCH to the first symbol of the first PDSCH transmission timing is greater than or equal to the threshold timeDurationForQCL.

[0239] Example 35: The method according to any one of the preceding embodiments further includes: when a single triggered AP CSI-RS is in the same symbol as the first PDSCH transmission timing, assuming (1406) that the wireless device applies the QCL assumption given by the first indication TCI state in the DCI of the first PDSCH transmission timing when receiving the AP CSI-RS.

[0240] Example 36: The method according to any one of the preceding embodiments further includes: when a single triggered AP CSI-RS and a second PDSCH transmission timing are in the same symbol, assuming (1406) that the wireless device applies the QCL assumption given by the second indication TCI state in the DCI of the second PDSCH transmission timing when receiving the AP CSI-RS.

[0241] Example 37: The method according to any one of the foregoing examples, wherein the scheduling offset from the last symbol of the PDCCH to the first symbol of the first PDSCH transmission timing and the first symbol of the second PDSCH transmission timing is less than the threshold timeDurationForQCL.

[0242] Example 38: The method according to any one of the preceding embodiments further includes: when a single triggered AP CSI-RS is in the same symbol as the first PDSCH transmission timing, assuming (1406) that the wireless device applies the QCL assumption given by the first default TCI state in the DCI of the first PDSCH transmission timing when receiving the AP CSI-RS.

[0243] Example 39: The method according to any one of the preceding embodiments further includes: when a single triggered AP CSI-RS and a second PDSCH transmission timing are in the same symbol, assuming (1406) that the wireless device applies the QCL assumption given by the second indication TCI state in the DCI of the second PDSCH transmission timing when receiving the AP CSI-RS.

[0244] Example 40: The method according to any one of the foregoing embodiments further includes: acquiring user data; and forwarding the user data to a host computer or a wireless device.

[0245] Group C Implementation Examples

[0246] Example 41: A wireless device for determining a Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state for receiving one or more aperiodic AP Channel State Information Reference Signals (CSI-RS), the wireless device comprising: processing circuitry configured to perform any one of the steps in any of the Group A embodiments; and power supply circuitry configured to supply power to the wireless device.

[0247] Example 42: A base station for indicating a Transmission Configuration Indication (TCI) state for receiving one or more aperiodic AP Channel State Information Reference Signals (CSI-RS), the base station comprising: processing circuitry configured to perform any one of the steps in any of the Group B examples; and power supply circuitry configured to supply power to the base station.

[0248] Example 43: A user equipment (UE) for determining the Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state for receiving one or more aperiodic AP Channel State Information Reference Signals (CSI-RS), the UE comprising: an antenna configured to transmit and receive radio signals; a radio front-end circuit connected to the antenna and a processing circuit, configured to modulate the signal communicating between the antenna and the processing circuit; a processing circuit configured to perform any one of the steps in any of the Group A embodiments; an input interface connected to the processing circuit and configured to allow information to be input into the UE for processing by the processing circuit; an output interface connected to the processing circuit and configured to output processed information from the UE; and a battery connected to the processing circuit and configured to power the UE.

[0249] Example 44: A communication system including a host computer, comprising: processing circuitry configured to provide user data; and a communication interface configured to forward the user data to a cellular network for transmission to a user equipment (UE); wherein the cellular network includes a base station having a radio interface and processing circuitry, the processing circuitry of the base station being configured to perform any one of the steps in any of the examples in Group B.

[0250] Example 45: The communication system according to the foregoing embodiments further includes a base station.

[0251] Example 46: The communication system according to the two embodiments above further includes a UE, wherein the UE is configured to communicate with a base station.

[0252] Example 47: A communication system according to the foregoing three embodiments, wherein: the processing circuitry of the host computer is configured to execute a host application to provide user data; and the UE includes processing circuitry configured to execute a client application associated with the host application.

[0253] Example 48: A method implemented in a communication system including a host computer, a base station, and a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: providing user data at the host computer; and initiating, at the host computer, transmission of the user data carried to the UE via a cellular network including the base station, wherein the base station performs any one of the steps in any of the examples in Group B.

[0254] Example 49: The method according to the foregoing embodiments further includes transmitting user data at the base station.

[0255] Example 50: The method according to the two preceding embodiments, wherein user data is provided at the host computer by executing a host application, the method further includes executing a client application associated with the host application at the UE.

[0256] Example 51: A user equipment (UE) configured to communicate with a base station, the UE including a radio interface and processing circuitry configured to perform the methods described in the preceding three embodiments.

[0257] Example 52: A communication system including a host computer, comprising: processing circuitry configured to provide user data; and a communication interface configured to forward the user data to a cellular network for transmission to a user equipment (UE); wherein the UE includes a radio interface and processing circuitry, and components of the UE are configured to perform any one of the steps in any of the Group A examples.

[0258] Example 53: The communication system according to the foregoing embodiments, wherein the cellular network further includes a base station configured to communicate with the UE.

[0259] Example 54: The communication system according to the two embodiments above, wherein: the processing circuit of the host computer is configured to execute a host application to provide user data; and the processing circuit of the UE is configured to execute a client application associated with the host application.

[0260] Example 55: A method implemented in a communication system including a host computer, a base station, and a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: providing user data at the host computer; and initiating, at the host computer, a transmission carrying the user data to the UE via a cellular network including the base station, wherein the UE performs any one of the steps in any of the Group A examples.

[0261] Example 56: The method according to the foregoing embodiments further includes receiving user data from the base station at the UE.

[0262] Example 57: A communication system including a host computer, comprising: a communication interface configured to receive user data transmitted from a user equipment (UE) to a base station; wherein the UE includes a radio interface and processing circuitry configured to perform any one of the steps in any of the Group A examples.

[0263] Example 58: The communication system according to the foregoing embodiments further includes a UE.

[0264] Example 59: The communication system according to the two embodiments above further includes a base station, wherein the base station includes a wireless interface for communicating with the UE and a communication interface configured to forward user data carried in the transmission from the UE to the base station to a host computer.

[0265] Example 60: The communication system according to the foregoing three examples, wherein: the processing circuit of the host computer is configured to execute a host application; and the processing circuit of the UE is configured to execute a client application associated with the host application, thereby providing user data.

[0266] Example 61: The communication system according to the foregoing four examples, wherein: the processing circuit of the host computer is configured to execute a host application to provide requested data; and the processing circuit of the UE is configured to execute a client application associated with the host application to provide user data in response to the requested data.

[0267] Example 62: A method implemented in a communication system including a host computer, a base station, and a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: at the host computer, receiving user data transmitted from the UE to the base station, wherein the UE performs any one of the steps in any of the examples in Group A.

[0268] Example 63: The method according to the foregoing embodiments further includes providing user data to the base station at the UE.

[0269] Example 64: The method according to the foregoing two examples further includes: at the UE, executing a client application to provide user data to be transmitted; and on the host computer, executing a host application associated with the client application.

[0270] Example 65: The method according to the foregoing three embodiments further includes: executing a client application at the UE; and receiving input data from the client application at the UE, and providing the input data at a host computer by executing a host application associated with the client application; wherein the user data to be transmitted is provided by the client application in response to the input data.

[0271] Example 66: A communication system including a host computer, the host computer including a communication interface configured to receive user data originating from a user equipment (UE) transmitted to a base station, wherein the base station includes a radio interface and processing circuitry, the processing circuitry of the base station being configured to perform any one of the steps in any of the Group B examples.

[0272] Example 67: The communication system according to the foregoing embodiments further includes a base station.

[0273] Example 68: The communication system according to the two embodiments above further includes a UE, wherein the UE is used to communicate with a base station.

[0274] Example 69: The communication system according to the foregoing three examples, wherein: the processing circuit of the host computer is configured to execute a host application; and the UE is configured to execute a client application associated with the host application, thereby providing user data to be received by the host computer.

[0275] Example 70: A method implemented in a communication system including a host computer, a base station, and a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: at the host computer, receiving from the base station user data transmitted from the base station that has already been received from the UE, wherein the UE performs any one of the steps in any one of the embodiments in Group A.

[0276] Example 71: The method according to the foregoing embodiments further includes receiving user data from the UE at the base station.

[0277] Example 72: The method described in the above two examples further includes, at the base station, initiating the transmission of received user data to the host computer.

[0278] At least some of the following abbreviations may be used in this invention. In the event of inconsistencies between the abbreviations, the usage described above shall prevail. If listed multiple times below, the first list shall take precedence over any subsequent list.

[0279] ·3GPP Third Generation Partnership Program

[0280] 5G fifth generation

[0281] ·5GC fifth-generation core

[0282] ·5GS fifth-generation system

[0283] ·AF application functions

[0284] • AMF access and mobility management functions

[0285] ·AN access network

[0286] AP access point

[0287] ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit)

[0288] •AUSF authentication server functions

[0289] CPU (Central Processing Unit)

[0290] DN Data Network

[0291] DSP (Digital Signal Processor)

[0292] • eNB enhancement or evolution node B

[0293] • EPS evolution grouping system

[0294] E-UTRA evolution of universal terrestrial radio access

[0295] FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array)

[0296] gNB new radio base station

[0297] gNB-DU New Radio Base Station Distributed Unit

[0298] HSS Home User Server

[0299] IoT (Internet of Things)

[0300] IP Internet Protocol

[0301] LTE Long Term Evolution

[0302] MME Mobility Management Entity

[0303] MTC machine type communication

[0304] • NEF Network Open Functions

[0305] NF Network Functions

[0306] NR New Radio

[0307] • NRF network function storage function

[0308] NSSF network slice selection function

[0309] • OTT over-the-top

[0310] PC (Personal Computer)

[0311] PCF policy control function

[0312] P-GW Packet Data Network Gateway

[0313] QoS (Quality of Service)

[0314] RAM (Random Access Memory)

[0315] RAN radio access network

[0316] ROM (Read-Only Memory)

[0317] ·RRH Remote Wireless Head

[0318] RTT round trip time

[0319] • SCEF service capability opening function

[0320] SMF session management function

[0321] UDM Unified Data Management

[0322] UE (User Equipment)

[0323] UPF User Plane Function

[0324] Those skilled in the art will recognize improvements and modifications to the embodiments of the present invention. All such improvements and modifications are considered to be within the scope of the concepts disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method performed by a wireless device for determining a Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state for receiving one or more aperiodic AP Channel State Information Reference Signals (CSI-RS), the method comprising: Receive (1302) downlink control information (DCI) in the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), the DCI triggering one or more AP CSI-RS having a first time offset between the last symbol of the PDCCH and the first symbol of the one or more symbols containing the AP CSI-RS, wherein the time offset is less than a first threshold; Based on multiple TCI states, a quasi-co-location QCL assumption for receiving the one or more AP CSI-RS is determined (1304), the multiple TCI states being associated with one or more downlink transmissions of the one or more AP CSI-RS in the same one or more symbols, wherein the multiple TCI states are indicated in a DCI that schedules the one or more downlink transmissions, and wherein, when the time offset is less than a first threshold, the determined QCL assumption is a QCL assumption given by the TCI states among the multiple TCI states indicated by the DCI that schedules the one or more downlink transmissions in the same one or more symbols for receiving the one or more AP CSI-RS; and The determined QCL assumptions are used to receive (1300) the one or more APCSI-RS in the one or more symbols.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more downlink transmissions include one or more Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) transmissions.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the one or more PDSCH transmissions are scheduled by DCI carried in PDCCH.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the second time offset between the first symbol of the DCI carrying the scheduling of the one or more PDSCHs in the PDCCH and the first symbol of the PDSCH is greater than or equal to a second threshold.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein each of the one or more downlink transmissions is associated with one of the plurality of TCI states.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the one or more downlink transmissions are one or more PDSCH repetitions in the time domain or in the frequency domain.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the one or more downlink transmissions are based on one of schemes "TDM scheme A", "FDM scheme B" or "FDM scheme A".

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the one or more downlink transmissions are one or more layers of a PDSCH, wherein each layer set is associated with one of the plurality of TCI states.

9. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 4, wherein the plurality of TCI states are indicated in the DCI that schedules the one or more PDSCH transmissions.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plurality of TCI states includes a first TCI state and a second TCI state.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more symbols are one or more Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first threshold includes a beamSwitchTiming value reported by the wireless device.

13. The method of claim 4, wherein the second threshold is the timeDurationForQCL value reported by the wireless device.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein When the one or more downlink transmissions are one or more layers of a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) and each layer is associated with one of the plurality of TCI states, the determined QCL assumption is a QCL assumption given by a first indicative TCI state in the DCI for the PDSCH in the symbol for receiving the one or more AP CSI-RS in the same one or more symbols.

15. The method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein when one or more downlink PDSCH transmissions are one or more PDSCH repetitions in the time domain and each of the one or more PDSCH transmissions is associated with one of the plurality of TCI states, the determined QCL assumption is a QCL assumption given by the TCI state of the one or more downlink PDSCH transmissions in a symbol for receiving the one or more APCSI-RS in the same one or more symbols.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the determined QCL assumption is a QCL assumption given by a first TCI state among the plurality of TCI states for receiving the one or more AP CSI-RS.

17. The method of claim 4, wherein the second time offset is less than the threshold timeDurationForQCL.

18. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plurality of TCI states include a first default TCI state and a second default TCI state, wherein the first default TCI state and the second default TCI state are associated with a code point having the lowest code point value in the TCI field of the DCI.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein: A single triggered AP CSI-RS and downlink PDSCH transmission are in the same symbol; and The determined QCL assumption is a QCL assumption given by the first default TCI state of the PDSCH for receiving the AP CSI-RS.

20. The method of claim 17, wherein: The two triggered AP CSI-RS and the PDSCH associated with the first TCI state and the second TCI state are in the same symbol; and The determined QCL assumptions are QCL assumptions given by the first default TCI state and the second default TCI state of the PDSCH, for receiving the first AP CSI-RS and the second AP CSI-RS, respectively.

21. A method performed by a base station for indicating a Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state for receiving one or more aperiodic Access Point (AP) Channel State Information Reference (CSI-RS) signals, the method comprising: In the downlink control information (DCI) in the physical control channel (PDCCH), a signal is sent to the radio device to notify one or more AP CSI-RS to be sent to the radio device in one or more symbols, wherein one or more downlink transmissions associated with two TCI states will also be sent in the same symbol, wherein a first time offset between the PDCCH and the one or more AP CSI-RS is less than or equal to a first threshold. Based on the TCI states of the one or more downlink transmissions, a quasi-co-address QCL hypothesis for transmitting the one or more AP CSI-RS is determined, wherein the two TCI states are indicated in the DCI that schedules the one or more downlink transmissions, and wherein, when the first time offset is less than a first threshold, the determined QCL hypothesis is a QCL hypothesis given by the TCI states among the plurality of TCI states indicated by the DCI that schedules the one or more downlink transmissions, wherein the one or more downlink transmissions are in symbols among the same one or more symbols used to receive the one or more AP CSI-RSs; and According to the QCL assumption, the one or more symbols transmit (1400) the one or more AP CSI-RS to the wireless device.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the one or more downlink transmissions include Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) transmissions.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the PDSCH is scheduled by the DCI format carried in the PDCCH.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the second time offset between the PDCCH and the PDSCH is greater than or equal to a second threshold.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the first threshold and the second threshold are signaled to the wireless device.

26. The method of any one of claims 21 to 25, wherein each of the one or more downlink transmissions is associated with one of the two TCI states.

27. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 25, wherein the one or more downlink transmissions are one or more PDSCH repetitions in the time domain.

28. The method of any one of claims 21 to 25, wherein the one or more downlink transmissions are one or more layers of a PDSCH, wherein each layer set is associated with one of the two TCI states.

29. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 25, wherein the two TCI states are indicated in the DCI that schedules the one or more PDSCH transmissions.

30. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 25, wherein the two TCI states include a first TCI state and a second TCI state.

31. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 25, wherein the one or more symbols are one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols.

32. The method of any one of claims 21 to 25, wherein the first threshold includes a beamSwitchTiming value reported by the wireless device.

33. The method of claim 24, wherein the second threshold includes the timeDurationForQCL value reported by the wireless device.

34. The method of any one of claims 21 to 25, wherein when the one or more downlink transmissions are one or more layer sets of the PDSCH and each layer set is associated with one of the two TCI states, the QCL assumption is a QCL assumption given by the first TCI state of the PDSCH for transmitting the one or more AP CSI-RS.

35. The method of any one of claims 21 to 25, wherein when one or more downlink PDSCH transmissions are one or more PDSCH repetitions in the time domain and each of the one or more PDSCH transmissions is associated with one of the two TCI states, the QCL assumption is a QCL assumption given by the TCI state of the one or more downlink PDSCH transmissions in the symbol for transmitting the one or more AP CSI-RS in the same symbol.

36. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 25, wherein the QCL assumption is a QCL assumption given by a first TCI state of the two TCI states for transmitting the one or more AP CSI-RS.

37. The method of claim 33, wherein the second time offset is less than the second threshold timeDurationForQCL.

38. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 25, wherein the two TCI states include a first default TCI state and a second default TCI state, wherein the first default TCI state and the second default TCI state are associated with a code point having the lowest code point value in the TCI field of the DCI.

39. The method of claim 37, wherein: A single triggered AP CSI-RS and PDSCH are in the same symbol; and When the AP CSI-RS is transmitted, the QCL assumption is given by the first default TCI state for the PDSCH.

40. The method of claim 37, wherein: The two triggered AP CSI-RS and PDSCH are in the same symbol; and The QCL assumptions are given by the first default TCI state and the second default TCI state for the PDSCH when the first AP CSI-RS and the second AP CSI-RS are sent respectively.

41. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 25, wherein the TCI state of the one or more downlink transmissions is given by a TCI state corresponding to the lowest code point among TCI code points containing two different TCI states.

42. A wireless device (2800) for activating the Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state, comprising: One or more transmitters (2808); One or more receivers (2810); as well as A processing circuit (2802) associated with the one or more transmitters (2808) and the one or more receivers (2810) is configured to cause the wireless device (2800) to perform the method according to any one of claims 2 to 20.

43. A base station (2500) for activating the Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state, comprising: One or more transmitters (2512); One or more receivers (2514); as well as A processing circuit (2504) associated with the one or more transmitters (2512) and the one or more receivers (2514) is configured to cause the base station (2500) to perform the method according to any one of claims 22 to 41.

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