Vehicle antenna, window glass with vehicle antenna, and antenna system

Abstract

The present application provides a vehicle antenna, a window glass with the vehicle antenna, and an antenna system. The vehicle antenna includes a conductor plate, a radiating plate disposed opposite the conductor plate, a power supply portion located on a side of the conductor plate with respect to the radiating plate, a connecting conductor connecting the power supply portion and the radiating plate, and first and second elements disposed on both sides of the vehicle in a vehicle width direction, respectively, with respect to the radiating plate. The radiating plate is disposed at an inclination of ±15° or less with respect to a vertical plane perpendicular to a horizontal plane.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the invention patent application filed on April 19, 2019, with application number 201980026698.5 and entitled "Antenna for Vehicles, Window Glass with Vehicle Antenna and Antenna System". Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to vehicle antennas, window glass with attached vehicle antennas, and antenna systems. Background Technology

[0003] In recent years, there has been a trend of expanding the use of high-speed / high-capacity wireless communication systems utilizing microwave or millimeter wave bands, such as the transition from 4G LTE to 5G (sub-6). For example, as antennas used in V2X (Vehicle to Everything) communications such as vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications or road-to-everything (Road-to-Road) communications, antenna devices that use parallel double-line transmission lines provided on a substrate to power multiple dipole antennas provided on the substrate are known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

[0004] Prior art literature

[0005] Patent documents

[0006] Patent Document 1: International Publication No. 2017 / 213243 Summary of the Invention

[0007] The problem that the invention aims to solve

[0008] However, in conventional vehicle antennas, it is difficult to achieve sufficient antenna gain in the desired direction.

[0009] Therefore, this disclosure provides a vehicle antenna that improves antenna gain in a desired direction, and provides a window glass and antenna system having at least one of the vehicle antennas.

[0010] Solution for solving the problem

[0011] This disclosure provides an antenna for a vehicle, comprising:

[0012] Conductor plate;

[0013] A radiating plate, configured opposite to the conductor plate;

[0014] The power supply unit is located on the side where the conductor plate is disposed, relative to the radiating plate;

[0015] Connecting conductors to connect the power supply unit to the radiating plate; and

[0016] The first and second elements are disposed separately on both sides of the vehicle in the width direction relative to the radiating plate.

[0017] The radiating plate is set at an angle of ±15° relative to a vertical plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0018] In addition, this disclosure provides a vehicle antenna that includes:

[0019] Conductor plate;

[0020] A radiating plate, configured opposite to the conductor plate;

[0021] The power supply unit is located on the side where the conductor plate is disposed, relative to the radiating plate;

[0022] Connecting conductors to connect the power supply unit to the radiating plate; and

[0023] A single element, separately configured from the conductor plate and the radiating plate, is positioned, when viewed from the radiating plate side relative to the conductor plate, as a single element is located separate from the center of gravity of the radiating plate.

[0024] The radiating plate is set at an angle of ±15° relative to a vertical plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0025] In addition, this disclosure provides a window glass and antenna system with at least one vehicle antenna.

[0026] Invention Effects

[0027] According to this disclosure, the antenna gain in the desired direction is increased. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a perspective view illustrating a window glass with an attached vehicle antenna.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a magnified view of a section of the window with an attached vehicle antenna, shown from the front view.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a magnified view of a section of the window with an attached vehicle antenna, shown from the side.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a perspective view illustrating a portion of the structure of a vehicle antenna.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view illustrating a portion of the structure of a vehicle antenna.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating an antenna system with multiple vehicle antennas.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the measurement results for the directivity of a vehicle antenna.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing a first structural example of an antenna for a vehicle.

[0036] Figure 9 This is a diagram showing a second structural example of an antenna for a vehicle.

[0037] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating a third structural example of an antenna for a vehicle.

[0038] Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the measurement results for the directivity of a vehicle antenna.

[0039] Figure 12 This is a diagram showing an example of the measurement results of antenna gain in the vehicle width direction.

[0040] Figure 13 This is a diagram showing a fourth structural example of an antenna for a vehicle.

[0041] Figure 14 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the measurement results for the directivity of a vehicle antenna.

[0042] Figure 15 This is a diagram showing an example of the measurement results of antenna gain in the vehicle width direction.

[0043] Figure 16 This is a diagram illustrating the fifth structural example of an antenna for a vehicle.

[0044] Figure 17 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the measurement results for the directivity of a vehicle antenna.

[0045] Figure 18 This is a diagram showing the sixth structural example of an antenna for a vehicle.

[0046] Figure 19 This is a diagram showing the seventh structural example of an antenna for a vehicle.

[0047] Figure 20 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the measurement results for the directivity of a vehicle antenna.

[0048] Figure 21 This is a diagram showing an example of the measurement results of antenna gain in the vehicle width direction.

[0049] Figure 22 This is a diagram showing the eighth structural example of an antenna for a vehicle.

[0050] Figure 23This is a diagram illustrating an example of the measurement results for the directivity of a vehicle antenna.

[0051] Figure 24 This is a diagram illustrating the ninth structural example of an antenna for a vehicle.

[0052] Figure 25 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the measurement results for the directivity of a vehicle antenna. Detailed Implementation

[0053] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that in each embodiment, deviations in directions such as parallel, right angle, orthogonal, horizontal, vertical, up / down, and left / right are permitted to a degree that does not impair the effects of the present invention. Furthermore, the X-axis direction, Y-axis direction, and Z-axis direction respectively represent directions parallel to the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis. The X-axis direction, Y-axis direction, and Z-axis direction are orthogonal to each other. The XY plane, YZ plane, and ZX plane respectively represent imaginary planes parallel to the X-axis and Y-axis directions, imaginary planes parallel to the Y-axis and Z-axis directions, and imaginary planes parallel to the Z-axis and X-axis directions.

[0054] The vehicle antenna of this disclosure is suitable for transmitting and receiving radio waves in high-frequency bands (e.g., 0.3 GHz to 300 GHz, particularly 5.9 GHz) such as microwaves or millimeter waves. The vehicle antenna of this disclosure can be applied to, for example, V2X communication systems, fifth-generation mobile communication systems (so-called 5G), and vehicle-mounted radar systems, but the applicable systems are not limited to these. As an example of a V2X communication system, there is the ETC (Electronic Toll Collection) system.

[0055] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a window glass 101 (hereinafter referred to as "window glass 101") with an accompanying vehicle antenna, illustrating an embodiment of the present disclosure. The window glass 101 includes a glass panel 70 for a window of a vehicle 80 and a vehicle antenna 110 (hereinafter referred to as "antenna 110") mounted on the glass panel 70.

[0056] Glass panel 70 is, for example, a windshield installed on the front side of vehicle 80. Glass panel 70 is installed on the window frame on the front side of vehicle 80 at a predetermined angle θ relative to the horizontal plane 90. In this example, the horizontal plane 90 is parallel to the ZX plane.

[0057] Antenna 110 is mounted on the inside of glass plate 70 via a housing or other component not shown. In this example, it is mounted near the center of the upper region of glass plate 70. The number of antennas 110 mounted on a single glass plate 70 is one in this example, but multiple antennas may also be mounted.

[0058] Figure 2 This is a magnified view of a section of the window glass 101 as shown from the main viewpoint. Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged view illustrating the window glass 101 as seen from the side. The antenna 110 includes a conductor plate 10, a radiating plate 20, a first element 51, and a second element 52.

[0059] The conductor plate 10 is typically a planar layer whose surface is parallel to the XY plane, serving as the grounding layer for the antenna 110. The conductor plate 10 is a plate-shaped or film-shaped conductor. Examples of materials used for the conductor in the conductor plate 10 include silver and copper, but the material is not limited to these. Furthermore, while the illustrated conductor plate 10 is square, it can also be a polygon other than a square, or even a circle or other shapes. It should be noted that the term "plate-shaped or film-shaped" can also refer to a structure with a three-dimensional shape, including, for example, convex, concave, and wavy structures, as well as the radiating plate, dielectric substrate, first / second element, and single element described later. However, regarding the aforementioned "plate-shaped or film-shaped," a planar shape (two-dimensional shape) is preferred where the desired antenna gain characteristics are easily predictable.

[0060] The radiating plate 20 is a plate-shaped or film-shaped conductor disposed opposite to the conductor plate 10 in the Z-axis direction, and its area is narrower than that of the conductor plate 10. The radiating plate 20 is a planar layer whose surface is parallel to the XY plane, and it functions as a radiating element of the antenna 110. The materials used as conductors for the radiating plate 20 include, for example, silver and copper, but are not limited to these materials. Furthermore, although the shape of the illustrated radiating plate 20 is square, it can also be a polygon other than a square, or even a circle or other shapes.

[0061] The radiating plate 20 is disposed separately from the conductor plate 10. The medium between the conductor plate 10 and the radiating plate 20 includes at least one of a space and a dielectric substrate. Figure 2 , 3 This illustration shows the case where the medium is composed solely of the dielectric substrate 60. It should be noted that, in the case where the medium is space (air), the radiating plate 20, the conductor plate 10, the first element 51, and the second element 52 (or any single element thereof) can be fixed by a housing (not shown) as needed.

[0062] The dielectric substrate 60 is a plate-shaped or film-shaped dielectric layer with dielectric as the main component. The dielectric substrate 60 has a first surface 61 and a second surface 62 opposite to the first surface 61. Surfaces 61 and 62 are parallel to the XY plane. A radiating plate 20 is provided on surface 61, which is one side of the dielectric substrate 60, and a conductor plate 10 is provided on surface 62, which is the other side of the dielectric substrate 60.

[0063] The dielectric substrate 60 can be a dielectric substrate such as a glass epoxy board, or a dielectric sheet. Examples of materials used as the dielectric substrate 60 include, for example, glass such as quartz glass, ceramics, fluorinated resins such as polytetrafluoroethylene, liquid crystal polymers, and cyclic olefin polymers, but the materials are not limited to these.

[0064] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of a dielectric substrate 60 on which a conductor plate 10 and a radiating plate 20 are formed. Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view showing a dielectric substrate 60 on which a conductor plate 10 and a radiating plate 20 are formed. The dielectric substrate 60 includes a connecting conductor 40 that connects the power supply unit 30 to the radiating plate 20.

[0065] The power supply unit 30 is a part that is powered by contact or non-contact means, and is connected to or close to one end of a power supply line (not shown). Specific examples of power supply lines include coaxial cables, microstrip lines, etc. The other end of the power supply line is connected to a communication device for communication with the outside of the vehicle via antenna 110. The power supply unit 30 is located on the side where the conductor plate 10 is disposed, relative to the radiating plate 20.

[0066] The connecting conductor 40 is not in contact with the conductor plate 10. One end of the connecting conductor 40 is connected to the power supply unit 30, and the other end is connected to the radiating plate 20 via connection point 22. Connection point 22 is offset from the center of gravity 21 of the radiating plate 20, and in the illustrated case, it is located on the negative side of the Y-axis relative to the center of gravity 21. In the case where the radiating plate 20 is a symmetrical shape such as a square, the center of gravity 21 corresponds to the center of the symmetrical shape.

[0067] As a specific example of the connecting conductor 40, there may be a conductor formed inside a through hole penetrating the dielectric substrate 60 along the Z-axis direction, a core wire of a coaxial cable, a conductor pin formed in the shape of a pin, etc., but the connecting conductor 40 is not limited to these. It should be noted that when the medium between the conductor plate 10 and the radiating plate 20 includes space, as a specific example of the connecting conductor 40, there may be a core wire of a coaxial cable or a conductor pin, etc., but the connecting conductor 40 is not limited to these.

[0068] like Figure 5 As shown, when viewed from the radiating plate 20 side relative to the conductor plate 10, the centroid 21 of the radiating plate 20 overlaps with the centroid 11 of the conductor plate 10, but is preferably located at a point that increases the antenna gain of the antenna 110 in the direction from the conductor plate 10 side toward the radiating plate 20 side. In this example, the viewpoint from the radiating plate 20 side relative to the conductor plate 10 represents the viewpoint from the positive side in the Z-axis direction, and the direction from the conductor plate 10 side toward the radiating plate 20 side represents the direction toward the positive side in the Z-axis direction.

[0069] exist Figure 2In this configuration, the first element 51 and the second element 52 are conductors disposed separately from each other on both sides of the vehicle's width direction (in the illustrated case, the X-axis direction of the vehicle width direction) relative to the radiating plate 20. By arranging the first element 51 and the second element 52 in this manner, the antenna gain of the antenna 110 in the vehicle width direction is increased. Specifically, without the first element 51 and the second element 52, the antenna gain in the direction of travel (perpendicular to the vehicle width direction) is high, while the antenna gain in the direction of travel is relatively low. Therefore, by including the first element 51 and the second element 52, the antenna gain in the direction of travel is appropriately distributed towards the antenna gain in the direction of vehicle width, resulting in suitable antenna gain in both the direction of travel and the direction of vehicle width. At this point, when we set "antenna gain [dBi] - (-35 [dBi])" = A [dBi] and "antenna gain [dBi] - (-35 [dBi])" = B [dBi], it is sufficient for A:B to be in the range of 1:0.55 to 1:1.50, preferably in the range of 1:0.65 to 1:1.40, more preferably in the range of 1:0.70 to 1:1.30, and even more preferably in the range of 1:0.80 to 1:1.20. Here, the antenna gain in the vehicle width direction is set as the average of the antenna gain in the 90° direction and the antenna gain in the 270° direction from the simulation results of the antenna gains in each direction in the ZX plane.

[0070] At least one of the first element 51 and the second element 52 is, for example, a planar layer whose surface is parallel to the XY plane, and functions as a waveguide element or a reflective element of the antenna 110. In this example, the first element 51 and the second element 52 are the same layer, that is, the surfaces of the first element 51 and the second element 52 are arranged parallel to the XY plane, and are separated from the center of gravity 21 of the radiating plate 20 when viewed from the radiating plate 20 side relative to the conductor plate 10.

[0071] In this example, the first element 51 and the second element 52 each have an area narrower than the conductor plate 10 and wider than the radiating plate 20, but the width of the area is not limited thereto. For example, as long as at least one of the first element 51 and the second element 52 satisfies the desired directivity, it may also have an area narrower than the radiating plate 20.

[0072] The materials used as conductors for the first element 51 and the second element 52 can be, for example, silver, copper, etc., but are not limited to these materials. Moreover, the first element 51 and the second element 52 shown in the figure are square, but they can also be polygons other than squares, or other shapes such as circles.

[0073] At least one of the first element 51 and the second element 52 is a plate-shaped or film-shaped conductor with the Z-axis direction as its normal, thereby increasing the antenna gain of the antenna 110 on the positive side in the Z-axis direction. In the illustrated case, both the first element 51 and the second element 52 are plate-shaped or film-shaped conductors.

[0074] The first element 51, the second element 52, the conductor plate 10, and the radiating plate 20 are preferably parallel to each other at a point that increases the antenna gain of the antenna 110 in the aforementioned normal direction. In the illustrated case, the aforementioned normal direction is the Z-axis direction, and the antenna gain is increased towards the positive side of the Z-axis direction.

[0075] For example, the first element 51 and the second element 52 Figure 2 As shown, when viewed from the radiating plate 20 side relative to the conductor plate 10, a shape that is linearly symmetrical about the axis of symmetry about the connection point 22 of the connecting conductor 40 to the radiating plate 20 is preferred at the point where the antenna gain of the antenna 110 is increased. In this example, the antenna gain is increased in the X-axis direction in the vehicle width direction.

[0076] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating an antenna system with multiple vehicle antennas. Figure 6 The antenna system 100 shown includes a front windshield 71, a rear glass 72, a front antenna 111 mounted on the front windshield 71, and a rear antenna 112 mounted on the rear glass 72. The front windshield 71 and the rear glass 72 are examples of the aforementioned glass panel 70, and the front antenna 111 and the rear antenna 112 are examples of the aforementioned antenna 110. The front antenna 111 is an example of a first antenna, and the rear antenna 112 is an example of a second antenna.

[0077] The radiating plate 20 of the front antenna 111 is preferably set at an angle (tilt angle α) of less than ±15° relative to the vertical plane 91 perpendicular to the horizontal plane 90. This increases the antenna gain in the direction parallel to the horizontal plane 90, and since the first element 51 and the second element 52 are separately arranged on both sides in the vehicle width direction, the antenna gain in the vehicle width direction is also increased. On the other hand, when the radiating plate 20 of the front antenna 111 is set at an angle greater than ±15° relative to the vertical plane 91 perpendicular to the horizontal plane 90, the balance of antenna gain in the direction parallel to the horizontal plane is lost; that is, the difference between the gain in the vehicle's travel direction and the gain in the vehicle width direction may increase.

[0078] Similarly, the radiating plate 20 of the rear antenna 112 is preferably set at an angle (tilt angle α) of less than ±15° relative to the vertical plane 91 perpendicular to the horizontal plane 90. As a result, the antenna gain in the direction parallel to the horizontal plane 90 is increased, and since the first element 51 and the second element 52 are separately arranged on both sides in the vehicle width direction, the antenna gain in the vehicle width direction is also increased. On the other hand, when the radiating plate 20 of the rear antenna 112 is set at an angle greater than ±15° relative to the vertical plane 91 perpendicular to the horizontal plane 90, the balance of antenna gain in the direction parallel to the horizontal plane is lost; that is, the difference between the gain in the vehicle's travel direction and the gain in the vehicle width direction may increase.

[0079] The radiating plate 20 of the front antenna 111 is preferably set at an angle of ±10° or less relative to the vertical plane 91 perpendicular to the horizontal plane 90, more preferably at an angle of ±5° or less, further preferably at an angle of ±1° or less, and most preferably at 0°. Similarly, the radiating plate 20 of the rear antenna 112 is preferably set at an angle of ±10° or less relative to the vertical plane 91 perpendicular to the horizontal plane 90, more preferably at an angle of ±5° or less, further preferably at an angle of ±1° or less, and most preferably at 0°.

[0080] exist Figure 6 In this configuration, the front antenna 111 is mounted on the windshield 71 with the radiating plate 20 positioned relative to the conductor plate 10 at the front of the vehicle, and the rear antenna 112 is mounted on the rear windshield 72 with the radiating plate 20 positioned relative to the conductor plate 10 at the rear of the vehicle. Thus, the front antenna 111 increases the antenna gain across the width of the vehicle from the front, and the rear antenna 112 increases the antenna gain across the width of the vehicle from the rear. This improves the antenna gain in a 360° direction centered on the vehicle 80.

[0081] Furthermore, the first element 51 and the second element 52 of the front antenna 111 are preferably arranged at an angle (tilt angle β) of ±15° or less relative to the vertical plane 91 perpendicular to the horizontal plane 90. This increases the antenna gain in the direction parallel to the horizontal plane 90 for the front antenna 111, and since the first element 51 and the second element 52 are separately arranged on opposite sides in the vehicle width direction, the antenna gain in the vehicle width direction is also increased. The same applies to the tilt angle β of the first element 51 and the second element 52 of the rear antenna 112.

[0082] Furthermore, the conductor plate 10 of the front antenna 111 is preferably arranged at an angle (tilt angle γ) of ±15° or less relative to the vertical plane 91 perpendicular to the horizontal plane 90. As a result, the antenna gain in the direction parallel to the horizontal plane 90 is increased for the front antenna 111, and since the first element 51 and the second element 52 are separately arranged on both sides in the vehicle width direction, the antenna gain in the vehicle width direction is also increased. The same applies to the tilt angle γ of the conductor plate 10 of the rear antenna 112.

[0083] The conductor plate 10 of the front antenna 111 is preferably set at an angle of ±10° or less relative to the vertical plane 91 perpendicular to the horizontal plane 90, more preferably at an angle of ±5° or less, further preferably at an angle of ±1° or less, and most preferably at 0°. Similarly, the conductor plate 10 of the rear antenna 112 is preferably set at an angle of ±10° or less relative to the vertical plane 91 perpendicular to the horizontal plane 90, more preferably at an angle of ±5° or less, further preferably at an angle of ±1° or less, and most preferably at 0°. On the other hand, when the conductor plate 10 of the front antenna 111 is set at an angle of more than ±15° relative to the vertical plane 91 perpendicular to the horizontal plane 90, the antenna gain balance in the direction parallel to the horizontal plane is lost, that is, the difference between the gain in the vehicle's travel direction and the gain in the vehicle width direction may become larger. The same applies to the tilt angle γ of the conductor plate 10 of the rear antenna 112.

[0084] It should be noted that setting it at 0° relative to the vertical plane 91 means setting it parallel to the vertical plane 91.

[0085] In addition, Figure 6 In the antenna system 100 shown, one vehicle antenna is mounted on each of the front windshield 71 and the rear window 72. However, the antenna system 100 may also include at least two windows among the front windshield 71, the rear window 72, and the side windows 73; and at least one vehicle antenna is mounted on each of the at least two windows.

[0086] Figure 7 This is an example graph showing the measurement results of the directivity of a vehicle antenna, displaying the simulated antenna gain in various directions in the ZX plane. 90° and 270° represent the vehicle width direction, 0° represents the front of the vehicle, and 180° represents the rear of the vehicle. The same applies to other coordinate graphs showing the directivity measurement results. It should be noted that this simulation result is for the vehicle antenna's radiating plate, components, and conductor plate configured along a vertical plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane (at a 0° incline relative to the vertical plane). Unless otherwise specified, other simulation results represent the results with the same configuration.

[0087] exist Figure 7 In Example 1, it is shown that... Figures 1-5The structure shown in Figure 8 represents a structure without the first element 51 and the second element 52, as opposed to the structure of Embodiment 1. The antenna gain in the vehicle width direction is calculated to be -1.37 dBi in Embodiment 1, and -9.85 dBi in Comparative Example 1. Therefore, the antenna gain in the vehicle width direction is improved in Embodiment 1 compared to Comparative Example 1.

[0088] It should be noted that after measuring... Figure 7 When the antenna gain is... Figures 1-6 The dimensions of the parts shown are in mm.

[0089] L20:10

[0090] L21:10

[0091] L50: 15

[0092] L51:15

[0093] L52:5

[0094] L53:20

[0095] L54:50

[0096] L55:1

[0097] L56:44

[0098] L57:12

[0099] L58:5

[0100] L60:30

[0101] L61:30

[0102] L62:3

[0103] L63: 16 (Distance between the conductor plate 10 and the flange of the vehicle 80)

[0104] L70: 500

[0105] L80: 515

[0106] L81: 1000

[0107] L82:50

[0108] .and,

[0109] θ: 25°

[0110] α, β, γ: 0°.

[0111] Figures 8-10This diagram illustrates the first to third structural examples of a vehicle antenna, showing how the first element 51 and the second element 52 are positioned relative to the conductor plate 10 on one side of the radiating plate 20. Furthermore, Figures 8-10 The diagram shows the first element 51 and the second element 52 arranged separately from the radiating plate 20 when viewed from the radiating plate 20 side relative to the conductor plate 10, with at least a portion overlapping the conductor plate 10. Figure 8 In this configuration, the first element 51 and the second element 52 are positioned opposite the side of the conductor plate 10 (the positive side in the Z-axis direction) to the radiating plate 20. Figure 9 In this configuration, the first element 51 and the second element 52 are on the same layer as the radiating plate 20, meaning that the surfaces of the first element 51, the second element 52, and the radiating plate 20 are arranged parallel to the XY plane. Figure 10 In this configuration, the first element 51 and the second element 52 are positioned on one side (the negative side in the Z-axis direction) of the conductor plate 10 relative to the radiating plate 20.

[0112] Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the measurement results for the directivity of a vehicle antenna, showing the simulated antenna gain in various directions within the ZX plane. L55 = +1mm indicates... Figure 8 Structure (Example 1). L55 = 0mm indicates Figure 9 The structure. L55 = -1mm, L55 = -2mm indicates Figure 10 The structure is as follows: When the first element 51 and the second element 52 are located on the positive side of the Z-axis relative to the radiating plate 20, L55 is a positive value; when the first element 51 and the second element 52 are located on the negative side of the Z-axis relative to the radiating plate 20, L55 is a negative value. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, the dimensions of each part are consistent with... Figure 7 The dimensions described above are the same as those measured during the same period.

[0113] Figure 12 It means in Figure 11 The measurement results show the antenna gain in the vehicle width direction. When L55 is -1 mm, the antenna gain in the vehicle width direction is improved compared to Comparative Example 1. When L55 is 0 mm and +1 mm, the antenna gain in the vehicle width direction is further improved compared to Comparative Example 1. When L58 is +5 mm and L55 is -2 mm, the first element 51 and the second element 52 are close to the conductor plate 10, thus functioning as a larger conductor plate than in Comparative Example 1, and therefore the antenna gain in the vehicle width direction decreases.

[0114] Figure 13 This diagram shows a fourth structural example of a vehicle antenna, illustrating the relationship with... Figure 10The third structural example further separates the first element 51 and the second element 52 along the X-axis. Figure 13 The diagram shows the arrangement of the first element 51 and the second element 52 separated from the conductor plate 10 when viewed from the side of the radiating plate 20 relative to the conductor plate 10.

[0115] Figure 14 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the measurement results for the directivity of a vehicle antenna, showing the simulated results of the antenna gain in each direction in the ZX plane. Figure 14 The third structure example ( Figure 10 The diagram shows the cases where L55 = -2mm and L58 = +5mm. Figure 14 The fourth structure example ( Figure 13 The diagram shows the cases where L55 = -2mm and L58 = -3mm. From the Z-axis viewpoint, L58 is positive when the first element 51 and the second element 52 overlap with the conductor plate 10, and negative when they do not overlap. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, the dimensions of each part are consistent with... Figure 7 The dimensions described above are the same as those measured during the same period.

[0116] Figure 15 It means in Figure 14 The measurement results show the antenna gain in the vehicle width direction. Even in the case of the fourth structural example, the antenna gain in the vehicle width direction is improved compared to Comparative Example 1. That is, by moving the positions of the first element 51 and the second element 52 outward relative to the conductor plate 10 in the X-axis direction, even when L55 is -2mm, the antenna gain in the vehicle width direction is improved compared to Comparative Example 1.

[0117] Figure 16 This diagram illustrates a fifth structural example of a vehicle antenna, showing a configuration where a first element 51 is positioned relative to the radiating plate 20 on one side of the conductor plate 10, and a second element 52 is positioned relative to the radiating plate 20 on the opposite side of the conductor plate 10. That is, Figure 16 The diagram shows the arrangement of the first element 51 and the second element 52, staggered relative to the radiating plate 20. Figure 16 In the middle, the first element 51 is configured with Figure 13 At the same location (L55 = -2mm), the second element 52 is positioned with... Figure 8 The same position (L55 = +1mm). Moreover, the first element 51 represents the case where L58 ​​= -1.5mm, and the second element 52 represents the case where L58 ​​= +1.5mm.

[0118] Figure 17This diagram illustrates an example of the measurement results for the directivity of a vehicle antenna, showing simulated antenna gain in various directions within the ZX plane. Unless otherwise specified, the dimensions of each part are consistent with... Figure 7 The dimensions described above are the same as those used in the measurement. Even with the first element 51 and the second element 52 staggered relative to the radiating plate 20, the antenna gain in the vehicle width direction is improved. Specifically, the antenna gain in the 90° direction is 0.21 dBi, and the antenna gain in the 270° direction is 2.45 dBi.

[0119] Figure 18 This diagram illustrates a sixth structural example of a vehicle antenna, showing how the first element 51 and the second element 52 are arranged on the same layer (on the same plane) as the conductor plate 10. It should be noted that the first element 51 and the second element 52 have a length L58 = -1.5 mm. Figure 19 This diagram illustrates a seventh structural example of a vehicle antenna, showing that the first element 51 and the second element 52 are positioned opposite the side of the radiating plate 20 relative to the conductor plate 10. It should be noted that the first element 51 and the second element 52 have a length L58 = -1.5 mm.

[0120] Figure 20 This diagram illustrates an example of the measurement results for the directivity of a vehicle antenna, showing simulated antenna gain in various directions within the ZX plane. Unless otherwise specified, the dimensions of each part are consistent with... Figure 7 The dimensions described above are the same as those used in the measurement. L59 = 0 mm indicates... Figure 18 The structure. L59 = 1mm, 4mm, 7mm, 10mm indicates... Figure 19 The structure. L59 represents the distance between the first element 51 and the second element 52 and the conductor plate 10 in the Z-axis direction.

[0121] Figure 21 It means in Figure 20 The measurement results show the antenna gain in the vehicle width direction. Even when L59 is any between 0mm and 10mm, the antenna gain in the vehicle width direction is improved compared to Comparative Example 1.

[0122] Figure 22 This is a diagram showing the eighth structural example of an antenna for a vehicle. Figure 22The antenna 113 shown is an example of a vehicle antenna. The antenna 113 is separately configured from the conductor plate 10 and the radiating plate 20. When viewed from the radiating plate 20 side relative to the conductor plate 10, it has a single element 51 located at a position separated from the center of gravity 21 of the radiating plate 20. The element 51 is configured only on the negative side in the vehicle width direction relative to the radiating plate 20, and is separately configured from the radiating plate 20 when viewed from the radiating plate 20 side relative to the conductor plate 10. Furthermore, the element 51 is configured on the side where the radiating plate 20 is located relative to the conductor plate 10. The radiating plate 20, the element 51, and the conductor plate 10 are arranged at an angle of ±15° relative to a vertical plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0123] It should be noted that a single element 51 can also be disposed on the same layer as the radiating plate 20 or the conductor plate 10, or it can be disposed on the opposite side of the conductor plate 10 to the side on which the radiating plate 20 is disposed.

[0124] Figure 23 It means Figure 22 A figure illustrating an example of the measurement results for the directivity of a vehicle antenna shows the simulated antenna gain in various directions within the ZX plane. The dimensions of each part, in mm, are...

[0125] L50: 18

[0126] L51:10

[0127] L58 (reference) Figure 2 ): 1.5

[0128] L60:18

[0129] L61:18

[0130] Regarding the dimensions of other parts, unless otherwise specified, they are consistent with... Figure 7 The dimensions described above are the same as those measured during the same period. For example... Figure 23 As shown, even with a single element 51, the antenna gain in the vehicle width direction is improved, especially the antenna gain on the side where element 51 is configured (the negative side in the X-axis direction).

[0131] Figure 24 This is a diagram illustrating the ninth structural example of an antenna for a vehicle. Figure 24The antenna 114 shown is an example of a vehicle antenna. The antenna 114 is separately configured from the conductor plate 10 and the radiating plate 20, and when viewed from the radiating plate 20 side relative to the conductor plate 10, it has a single element 52 located at a position separated from the center of gravity 21 of the radiating plate 20. The element 52 is configured only on the positive side in the vehicle width direction relative to the radiating plate 20, and is separately configured from the radiating plate 20 when viewed from the radiating plate 20 side relative to the conductor plate 10. Furthermore, the element 52 is configured on the side where the radiating plate 20 is located relative to the conductor plate 10. The radiating plate 20, the element 52, and the conductor plate 10 are arranged at an angle of ±15° relative to a vertical plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0132] It should be noted that a single element 52 can also be disposed on the same layer as the radiating plate 20 or the conductor plate 10, or it can be disposed on the opposite side of the conductor plate 10 to the side on which the radiating plate 20 is disposed.

[0133] Figure 25 It means Figure 24 A figure illustrating an example of the measurement results for the directivity of a vehicle antenna shows the simulated antenna gain in various directions within the ZX plane. The dimensions of each part, when set to mm, are...

[0134] L50: 18

[0135] L51:10

[0136] L58 (reference) Figure 2 ): 1.5

[0137] L60:18

[0138] L61:18

[0139] Regarding the dimensions of other parts, unless otherwise specified, they are consistent with... Figure 7 The dimensions described above are the same as those measured during the same period. For example... Figure 25 As shown, even with a single element 52, the antenna gain in the vehicle width direction is improved, especially the antenna gain on the side where element 52 is configured (the positive side in the X-axis direction).

[0140] It should be noted that in the above simulation results, the A:B ratio yielded the following results. In particular, regarding the A:B ratio defined above, Comparative Example 1 showed A:B = 1:0.52. On the other hand, regarding the A:B ratios of the antennas other than those in Comparative Example 1 (antenna 110 equipped with elements 51 and 52, antennas 113 and 114 equipped with a single element), compared to Comparative Example 1, simulation results showed a larger ratio in the vehicle width direction relative to the travel direction, indicating a good balance in antenna directivity.

[0141] [Table 1]

[0142]

[0143] The above description illustrates a vehicle antenna, a window glass with an attached vehicle antenna, and an antenna system. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Various modifications and improvements, such as combinations or substitutions with some or all of the other embodiments, are possible within the scope of the present invention.

[0144] For example, the first element 51 and the second element 52 are not limited to being arranged on the same layer as the radiating plate 20 (see reference). Figure 9 Alternatively, at least one of them can be configured on the same layer as the radiating plate 20.

[0145] Furthermore, for example, the first element 51 and the second element 52 are not limited to the case where both sides are arranged on the opposite side of the side where the radiating plate 20 is arranged relative to the conductor plate 10 (see [reference]). Figure 19 Alternatively, at least one side can be configured on the opposite side.

[0146] Furthermore, the first element 51 and the second element 52 are not limited to the case where a portion of each of them overlaps with the conductor plate 10 when viewed from the radiating plate 20 side relative to the conductor plate 10 (see reference). Figure 8 (etc.). For example, a portion of one of the first element 51 and the second element 52 may overlap with the conductor plate 10 when viewed from that viewpoint.

[0147] This international application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-083263, filed on April 24, 2018, and incorporates the entire contents of Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-083263 into this international application.

[0148] Label Explanation

[0149] 10 Conductor Plate

[0150] 11. Center of gravity

[0151] 20 radiant panels

[0152] 21 Center of gravity

[0153] 22 Connection Points

[0154] 30 Power Supply Department

[0155] 40 Connecting conductors

[0156] 51 First Component

[0157] 52 Second Component

[0158] 60 Dielectric substrate

[0159] 70 Glass Plate

[0160] 71. Front windshield

[0161] 72 rear window

[0162] 73 Side Glass

[0163] 80 vehicles

[0164] 90° horizontal plane

[0165] 91 Vertical plane

[0166] 100 antenna system

[0167] 101 Window glass with attached vehicle antenna

[0168] Antennas for vehicles 110, 113, and 114

[0169] 111 Front Antenna

[0170] 112 Rear Antenna.

Claims

1. A vehicle antenna, comprising: The conductor plate serves as the ground for the vehicle's antenna; A radiating plate, configured opposite to the conductor plate; The power supply unit is located on the side where the conductor plate is disposed, relative to the radiating plate; Connecting conductors to connect the power supply unit to the radiating plate; and The first and second elements, acting as conductors, are disposed separately on both sides of the vehicle in the width direction relative to the radiating plate. The radiating plate is set at an angle of within ±15° relative to a vertical plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane. At least one of the first element and the second element is disposed on the same layer as the conductor plate. The first and second elements, which are conductors, have a shape that is linearly symmetrical about an axis of symmetry about a connection point, which is a point formed by the connecting conductor for connecting the radiating plate and the power supply unit connected to the radiating plate.

2. The vehicle antenna according to claim 1, wherein, At least one of the first element and the second element is a plate-shaped or film-shaped conductor.

3. The vehicle antenna according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, When viewed from the radiating plate side relative to the conductor plate, the first element and the second element are positioned separately from the center of gravity of the radiating plate.

4. The vehicle antenna according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, When viewed from the radiating plate side relative to the conductor plate, the first element and the second element are separately disposed from the radiating plate.

5. The vehicle antenna according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The first element and the second element are arranged at an angle of ±15° relative to a vertical plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

6. The vehicle antenna according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The medium between the conductor plate and the radiating plate includes at least one of air and a dielectric substrate.

7. The vehicle antenna according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, When viewed from the side of the radiating plate relative to the conductor plate, the center of gravity of the radiating plate overlaps with the center of gravity of the conductor plate.

8. The vehicle antenna according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The vehicle antenna is capable of transmitting and receiving radio waves in the 5.9 GHz band.

9. The vehicle antenna according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The vehicle antenna is suitable for V2X communication systems.

10. A window glass with an attached vehicle antenna, comprising a glass panel for a vehicle window and at least one vehicle antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 mounted on the glass panel.

11. An antenna system comprising: at least two windows of a vehicle, including a windshield, a rear window, and side windows; and at least one vehicle antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9 mounted on each of the at least two windows.

12. An antenna system comprising: The first antenna is the vehicle antenna as described in claim 1; The first antenna is mounted on the windshield with the radiating plate positioned relative to the conductor plate on the front side of the vehicle. The second antenna is the vehicle antenna as described in claim 1; and The second antenna is positioned on the rear window such that the radiating plate is located at the rear of the vehicle relative to the conductor plate.

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