Box culvert advancing structure and tunnel excavation system

Abstract

This invention discloses a box culvert propulsion structure and a tunnel excavation system. The box culvert propulsion structure includes a box culvert, a propulsion device, and a traction structure. Support members are provided on the upper surface of the box culvert to support the steel pipes of the pipe roof support structure. The propulsion device is located at one end of the box culvert to propel it. The traction structure is located at the same end of the box culvert as the propulsion device, and its traction end is connected to the steel pipes of the pipe roof support structure to prevent the steel pipes from being pushed out by the box culvert while it is propulsing the box culvert.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel technology, and in particular to a box culvert propulsion structure and a tunnel excavation system. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnel excavation requires the installation of a pipe roof support structure above the tunnel. The pipe roof support structure refers to a pre-support structure in which thick-walled steel pipes are driven into the perimeter of the upper half of the excavation face at the front of the excavation to prevent surface subsidence and loosening of the surrounding rock caused by the excavation of tunnels or underground chambers. Under the protection of a temporary bearing shed constructed in the stratum, the excavation is carried out.

[0003] In the excavation of ultra-large cross-section tunnels, the steel pipes of the pipe roof support structure require large diameter pipes to effectively support the soil layer above the tunnel. For example, excavating an ultra-large cross-section tunnel 30 meters long, 50 meters wide, and 10 meters high requires steel pipes with a diameter of 1.43 meters for the pipe roof support structure. During tunnel excavation, because the steel pipes of the pipe roof support structure located above the tunnel are relatively close to the tunnel, directly excavating through the tunnel would cause the long and heavy steel pipes to lose the support of the underlying soil, posing a risk of falling. Therefore, while using box culverts to excavate the tunnel, support components need to be installed on top of the box culverts to support the steel pipes. However, due to the advancement of the box culverts, the support components will generate significant friction with the steel pipes, which may cause the steel pipes to be pushed out in the direction of the box culvert's advancement, thereby damaging the entire pipe roof support structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a box culvert propulsion structure and a tunnel excavation system, which aims to prevent the steel pipes of the pipe roof support structure from being pushed out by the box culvert while the box culvert is being propped up.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the box culvert propulsion structure proposed in this invention includes:

[0006] A box culvert, wherein the upper surface of the box culvert is provided with a support member, the support member being used to support the steel pipes of the pipe shed support structure;

[0007] A propulsion device, located at one end of the box culvert, for propelling the box culvert; and

[0008] A traction structure is provided, wherein the traction structure and the propulsion device are located at the same end of the box culvert, and the traction end of the traction structure is used to connect to the steel pipe of the pipe shed support structure so that the steel pipe of the pipe shed support structure does not move forward with the box culvert.

[0009] Optionally, the tensioning structure is installed on the box culvert.

[0010] Optionally, the box culvert includes a bottom plate, two oppositely arranged side plates and a top plate, the bottom edge of the side plate is connected to the bottom plate, the top edge of the side plate is connected to the top plate, and the bottom plate, one of the side plates, the top plate and the other side plate are sequentially arranged to form a passage.

[0011] The propulsion end of the propulsion device is connected to the base plate to push the base plate;

[0012] The traction structure is installed on the top plate to pull the top plate.

[0013] Optionally, multiple tension structures are provided, and the multiple tension structures are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the top plate.

[0014] Optionally, the top plate is provided with an installation block on the side away from the pipe roof support structure, the installation block protruding upward from the upper surface of the top plate, and the tensioning structure is installed on the installation block.

[0015] Optionally, the mounting block has a through hole facing the steel pipe of the pipe roof support structure;

[0016] The tensioning structure is a tensioning jack, which is installed on the side of the mounting block away from the pipe roof support structure. The steel strand of the tensioning jack passes through the through hole and is connected to the steel pipe of the pipe roof support structure.

[0017] Optionally, the box culvert propulsion structure further includes an operating platform, which is installed on the side of the mounting block away from the pipe roof support structure and located below the tensioning jack.

[0018] Optionally, the mounting block and the box culvert are integrally formed reinforced concrete structures.

[0019] Optionally, the box culvert propulsion structure further includes a reaction structure, the box culvert is placed on the reaction structure, one end of the propulsion device abuts against the box culvert, and the other end of the propulsion device abuts against the reaction structure to push the box culvert.

[0020] The present invention also proposes a tunnel excavation system, including a pipe roof support structure and a box culvert propulsion structure, wherein the traction end of the traction structure of the box culvert propulsion structure is connected to the steel pipe of the pipe roof support structure;

[0021] The box culvert propulsion structure includes:

[0022] A box culvert, wherein the upper surface of the box culvert is provided with a support member, the support member being used to support the steel pipes of the pipe shed support structure;

[0023] A propulsion device, located at one end of the box culvert, for propelling the box culvert; and

[0024] A traction structure is provided, wherein the traction structure and the propulsion device are located at the same end of the box culvert, and the traction end of the traction structure is used to connect to the steel pipe of the pipe shed support structure so that the steel pipe of the pipe shed support structure does not move forward with the box culvert.

[0025] The present invention relates to a box culvert propulsion structure comprising a box culvert, a propulsion device, and a traction structure. The upper surface of the box culvert is provided with a support member for supporting the steel pipe of the pipe roof support structure. The propulsion device is located at one end of the box culvert to push it forward. The traction structure is located at the same end of the box culvert as the propulsion device. The traction end of the traction structure is connected to the steel pipe of the pipe roof support structure to prevent the steel pipe of the pipe roof support structure from moving forward with the box culvert. Thus, during the propulsion of the box culvert, the traction structure can hold the steel pipe of the pipe roof support structure to counteract the friction between the support member and the steel pipe, thereby achieving the propulsion of the box culvert while preventing the steel pipe of the pipe roof support structure from being pushed out by the box culvert. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the tunnel excavation system of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Right view of the tunnel excavation system;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the box culvert;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the tension structure;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A partial structural diagram of the reaction force structure.

[0032] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0033]

[0034]

[0035] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0038] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this invention is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0039] In response to the technical problems mentioned in the background section, this invention proposes a box culvert propulsion structure, which aims to prevent the steel pipes of the pipe roof support structure from being pushed out by the box culvert while propulsing the box culvert.

[0040] Understandably, the box culvert propulsion structure proposed in this invention is applied to tunnel excavation. Specifically, during tunnel excavation, the box culvert is propulsed into the tunnel while the tunnel is being excavated.

[0041] The specific structure of the box culvert propulsion structure proposed in this invention will be described below in specific embodiments:

[0042] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, in one embodiment of the box culvert propulsion structure 100 of the present invention, the box culvert propulsion structure 100 includes a box culvert 10, a propulsion device 30, and a traction structure 50. A support member is provided on the upper surface of the box culvert 10, which supports the steel pipe 301 of the pipe roof support structure 300. The propulsion device 30 is located at one end of the box culvert 10 to propel the box culvert 10. The traction structure 50 is located at the same end of the box culvert 10 as the propulsion device 30. The traction end of the traction structure 50 is connected to the steel pipe 301 of the pipe roof support structure 300 so that the steel pipe 301 of the pipe roof support structure 300 does not advance with the box culvert 10.

[0043] Understandably, by having the traction structure 50 and the propulsion device 30 located at the same end of the box culvert 10, the traction end of the traction structure 50 is connected to the steel pipe 301 of the pipe roof support structure 300, so that the steel pipe 301 of the pipe roof support structure 300 does not advance with the box culvert 10. Thus, when the box culvert 10 is advanced, the traction structure 50 can pull the steel pipe 301 of the pipe roof support structure 300 to counteract the friction between the support member and the steel pipe 301, thereby advancing the box culvert 10 while preventing the steel pipe 301 of the pipe roof support structure 300 from being pushed out by the box culvert 10.

[0044] Specifically, the tensioning structure 50 and the propulsion device 30 are located at the same end of the box culvert 10, that is, the tensioning structure 50 and the propulsion device 30 are located at the same end of the tunnel. Thus, during the process of the propulsion device 30 pushing the box culvert 10 into the tunnel, the support members on the upper surface of the box culvert 10 need to abut against the side of the steel pipe 301 in order to support the steel pipe 301 of the pipe roof support structure 300 and reduce the risk of the steel pipe 301 falling. As the box culvert 10 moves, a frictional force is applied to the steel pipe 301 in the direction of the box culvert 10's movement. At the same time, the tensioning structure 50 can apply a pulling force to the steel pipe 301 in the direction away from the direction of the box culvert 10's movement to resist the frictional force and prevent the steel pipe 301 of the pipe roof support structure 300 from being pushed out by the box culvert 10 and damaging the entire pipe roof support structure 300.

[0045] In practical applications, the tensioning structure 50 can be installed on the box culvert 10. While the box culvert 10 is being advanced, it can not only pull the steel pipe 301 of the pipe roof support structure 300 to counteract the friction between the steel pipe 301 of the pipe roof support structure 300 and the box culvert 10, but also react with a certain pulling force on the box culvert 10 to provide a certain power for the box culvert 10 to move forward. The tensioning structure 50 can also be installed outside the box culvert 10, for example, as a temporary back wall fixed to the soil layer.

[0046] It should be noted that the tensioning structure 50 can be a steel strand pulled by a tensioning jack, with the end of the steel strand away from the tensioning jack as the tensioning end, and fixedly connected to the steel pipe 301 of the pipe roof support structure 300; the tensioning structure 50 can also be a steel strand pulled by a winch, with the end of the steel strand away from the tensioning jack as the tensioning end, and fixedly connected to the steel pipe 301 of the pipe roof support structure 300; the tensioning structure 50 can also be other effective tensioning methods.

[0047] The propulsion device 30 can be a hydraulic jack, a thrust vehicle, or other effective propulsion methods.

[0048] The tension structure 50 can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, etc. The number of tension structures 50 is not limited here, and those skilled in the art can set an appropriate number according to the actual working conditions.

[0049] The propulsion device 30 can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, etc. The number of traction structures 50 is not limited here, and those skilled in the art can set an appropriate number according to the actual working conditions.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of the box culvert propulsion structure 100 of the present invention, the traction structure 50 is installed on the box culvert 10.

[0051] Understandably, by installing the tensioning structure 50 on the box culvert 10, it can not only pull the steel pipe 301 of the pipe roof support structure 300 to counteract the friction between the steel pipe 301 of the pipe roof support structure 300 and the box culvert 10 while the box culvert 10 is being advanced, but also exert a certain pulling force on the box culvert 10 to provide a certain power for the box culvert 10 to move forward.

[0052] It should be noted that the tensioning structure 50 can be installed on the upper surface of the box culvert 10 away from the tunnel; it can also be installed inside the box culvert 10, and the tensioning direction of the steel strand can be changed by setting pulleys; or it can be installed in other positions of the box culvert 10. Those skilled in the art can set it according to the actual project.

[0053] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in one embodiment of the box culvert propulsion structure 100 of the present invention, the box culvert 10 includes a bottom plate 11, two oppositely arranged side plates 13, and a top plate 15. The bottom edge of the side plate 13 is connected to the bottom plate 11, and the top edge of the side plate 13 is connected to the top plate 15. The bottom plate 11, one side plate 13, the top plate 15, and the other side plate 13 are sequentially arranged to form a channel 10a. The propulsion end of the propulsion device 30 is connected to the bottom plate 11 to push the bottom plate 11. The traction structure 50 is disposed on the top plate 15 to pull the top plate 15.

[0054] Understandably, by connecting the propulsion end of the propulsion device 30 to the bottom plate 11 to push the bottom plate 11, and by setting the traction structure 50 on the top plate 15 to pull the top plate 15, two parts of power can be distributed vertically at the end of the box culvert 10 away from the tunnel, so that the box culvert 10 can move forward more smoothly.

[0055] In practical applications, on the outside of the tunnel entrance, a precast box culvert 10 is first constructed. The bottom slab 11, side slabs 13, and top slab 15 are integrally cast using reinforced concrete. Then, a tensioning structure 50 is installed on the top slab 15, with its tensioning end connected to the end of a steel pipe 301. A propulsion device 30 is then installed and positioned to abut against the bottom slab 11. Specifically, during the advancement of the box culvert 10, the propulsion device 30 provides approximately 80% of the power, while the tensioning structure 50 provides approximately 20%. This allows for a more even distribution of power at one end of the box culvert 10. On the one hand, this allows the box culvert 10 to advance more smoothly; on the other hand, it reduces stress concentration on the box culvert 10, protecting it from excessive power concentration at localized locations that could damage it.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment of the box culvert propulsion structure 100 of the present invention, a plurality of traction structures 50 are provided, and the plurality of traction structures 50 are arranged sequentially at intervals along the width direction of the top plate 15.

[0057] Understandably, by arranging multiple tension structures 50 sequentially and spaced apart along the width of the top plate 15, the reaction force of the tension steel pipe 301 can be dispersed, making the distribution of the reaction force applied to the box culvert 10 more uniform. Since the reaction force can provide forward momentum to the box culvert 10, it can further allow the box culvert 10 to move forward more smoothly, and can reduce the stress concentration of the reaction force on the box culvert 10, thus protecting the box culvert 10 and preventing excessive concentration of the reaction force at local locations, which could damage the box culvert 10. In addition, arranging multiple tension structures 50 can reduce the load on a single tension structure 50, reduce the risk of overload on a single tension structure 50, and help protect the tension structure 50.

[0058] It should be noted that the tension structure 50 can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, etc. The number of tension structures 50 is not limited here, and those skilled in the art can set an appropriate number according to the actual working conditions.

[0059] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment of the box culvert propulsion structure 100 of the present invention, the top plate 15 is provided with an installation block 151 on the side away from the pipe shed support structure 300. The installation block 151 protrudes upward from the upper surface of the top plate 15, and the traction structure 50 is installed on the installation block 151.

[0060] Understandably, an installation block 151 is provided on the side of the top plate 15 away from the pipe roof support structure 300. The installation block 151 protrudes upward from the upper surface of the top plate 15. The tension structure 50 is installed on the installation block 151. On the one hand, this facilitates the installation of the tension structure 50 and provides a fulcrum for the tension steel pipe 301. On the other hand, it allows the tension structure 50 and the steel pipe 301 of the pipe roof support structure 300 to be on the same horizontal plane. This allows the tension force applied by the tension structure 50 to the steel pipe 301 to be in the horizontal direction, and the friction force between the box culvert 10 and the steel pipe 301 is also in the horizontal direction. Moreover, the direction of the tension force is opposite to the direction of the friction force. In this way, the effective tension force applied by the tension structure 50 to the steel pipe 301 can be maximized to better counteract the friction force between the box culvert 10 and the steel pipe 301.

[0061] It should be noted that the tension structure 50 is installed on the mounting block 151. The tension structure 50 can be installed on the upper surface of the mounting block 151; it can be installed on the side surface of the mounting block 151; or it can be installed on other parts of the mounting block 151.

[0062] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment of the box culvert propulsion structure 100 of the present invention, the mounting block 151 has a through hole 151a, which faces the steel pipe 301 of the pipe roof support structure 300. The tensioning structure 50 is a tensioning jack, which is installed on the side of the mounting block 151 away from the pipe roof support structure 300. The steel strand of the tensioning jack passes through the through hole 151a and is connected to the steel pipe 301 of the pipe roof support structure 300.

[0063] Understandably, the tensioning structure 50 is used as a tensioning jack. The tensioning jack is installed on the side of the mounting block 151 away from the pipe roof support structure 300. The steel strand of the tensioning jack passes through the through hole 151a and is connected to the steel pipe 301 of the pipe roof support structure 300. This allows the tensioning structure 50 to pull the steel pipe 301, and the reaction force on the mounting block 151 becomes a thrust on the mounting block 151. This setting simplifies the structure and improves the reliability of the tensioning.

[0064] Specifically, the tensioning jack is a specialized jack used for tensioning prestressed tendons such as steel strands. The tensioning jack has a compact structure, operates smoothly during tensioning, and features high hydraulic pressure and large tensioning force. Compared to tensioning jacks positioned on the side of the mounting block 151 facing the steel pipe 301, which require stretching the connectors fixing the tensioning jack to the mounting block 151 to transmit the reaction force, thus demanding high strength and increasing cost, the tensioning jack of this invention is installed on the side of the mounting block 151 away from the steel pipe 301. The reaction force is transmitted by the tensioning jack pressing against the mounting block 151, eliminating the need for stretching the connectors, reducing the strength requirements of the connectors, and saving costs.

[0065] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment of the box culvert propulsion structure 100 of the present invention, the box culvert propulsion structure 100 further includes an operating platform 70, which is installed on the side of the mounting block 151 away from the pipe roof support structure 300 and located below the tensioning jack.

[0066] Understandably, the operating platform 70 is installed on the side of the installation block 151 away from the pipe roof support structure 300 and below the tensioning jack. It can support workers and facilitate their installation or maintenance of the tensioning jack. Specifically, the operating platform 70 is a steel platform assembled on-site, which facilitates transportation and installation.

[0067] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment of the box culvert propulsion structure 100 of the present invention, the mounting block 151 and the box culvert 10 are integrally formed reinforced concrete structures. This configuration offers advantages such as: firstly, the high strength of reinforced concrete, resulting in a robust and reliable structure capable of withstanding the reaction force of the tensioning steel pipe 301; and secondly, the integral molding of the reinforced concrete facilitates construction, is easy to form, and can meet the needs of different shapes, adapting to local conditions.

[0068] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment of the box culvert propulsion structure 100 of the present invention, the traction structure 50 includes a crossbeam 51 and a traction device 53. The crossbeam 51 is disposed at one end of the tunnel and extends along the width direction of the tunnel to simultaneously fix the ends of multiple steel pipes 301 of the pipe roof support structure 300. The traction device 53 is spaced apart from the crossbeam 51 along the length direction of the tunnel, and the traction end of the traction device 53 is connected to the crossbeam 51 for simultaneously pulling multiple steel pipes 301 through the crossbeam 51.

[0069] Understandably, the crossbeam 51 is used to set at one end of the tunnel and extends along the width of the tunnel to simultaneously fix the ends of multiple steel pipes 301 of the pipe roof support structure 300. The traction device 53 is set at intervals with the crossbeam 51 along the length of the tunnel. The traction end of the traction device 53 is connected to the crossbeam 51 and is used to simultaneously pull multiple steel pipes 301 through the crossbeam 51. Thus, one traction device 53 can apply tension to multiple steel pipes 301 simultaneously through the crossbeam 51. Therefore, when arranging the traction device 53, the number of traction devices 53 can be reduced, thereby reducing the workload of equipment installation and maintenance and reducing costs.

[0070] Specifically, the pulling device 53 has a fixing part and a pulling end. The fixing part is the main part of the pulling device 53 that is fixed to the fulcrum and is the main power source, while the pulling end is the connecting part of the pulling device 53 that connects to the object being pulled, such as a steel strand.

[0071] In practical applications, there are two different connection positions for the ends of the crossbeam 51 that connect to multiple steel pipes 301. The first is that the fixed parts of the crossbeam 51 and the traction device 53 are both located at the same end of the tunnel, and the traction end of the traction device 53 is directly connected to the crossbeam 51. In this way, the crossbeam 51 acts on multiple steel pipes 301 simultaneously in the form of tension, which is simple in structure and easy to install. The second is that the fixed parts of the crossbeam 51 and the traction device 53 are located at opposite ends of the tunnel, and the traction end of the traction device 53 passes through the steel pipes 301 and is connected to the crossbeam 51. In this way, the crossbeam 51 acts on multiple steel pipes 301 in the form of thrust, which is more stable and reliable, and can reduce the tensile strength requirements of the crossbeam 51.

[0072] It should be noted that the crossbeam 51 can be made of steel, cast from reinforced concrete, or other types of crossbeam 51.

[0073] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment of the box culvert propulsion structure 100 of the present invention, the fixed parts of the crossbeam 51 and the traction device 53 are respectively located at both ends of the tunnel, and the traction end of the traction device 53 passes through the steel pipe 301 and is connected to the crossbeam 51.

[0074] Understandably, since the fixed parts of the crossbeam 51 and the traction device 53 are located at both ends of the tunnel, and the traction end of the traction device 53 is inserted through the steel pipe 301 and connected to the crossbeam 51, the crossbeam 51 acts on multiple steel pipes 301 simultaneously in the form of thrust, which is more stable and reliable. This can reduce the tensile performance requirements of the crossbeam 51 and save costs.

[0075] like Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, in one embodiment of the box culvert propulsion structure 100 of the present invention, the crossbeam 51 includes a beam body 511 and a fixing seat 513. The beam body 511 is used to simultaneously fix the ends of multiple steel pipes 301. The fixing seat 513 is located on the side of the beam body 511 away from the fixing part of the pulling device 53 and abuts against the beam body 511. The pulling end of the pulling device 53 passes through the steel pipes 301 and the beam body 511 in sequence and is fixedly connected to the fixing seat 513.

[0076] Understandably, the fixing seat 513 is located on the side of the beam body 511 away from the fixed part of the traction device 53 and abuts against the beam body 511. The traction end of the traction device 53 passes through the steel pipe 301 and the beam body 511 in sequence and is fixedly connected to the fixing seat 513. Thus, after the fixing seat 513 is subjected to the tension of the traction device 53, the fixing seat 513 acts on the beam body 511 in the form of thrust, which is more stable and reliable. It can reduce the tensile performance requirements of the fixing seat 513 and save costs.

[0077] It should be noted that the fixing seat 513 abutting against the beam body 511 means that the fixing seat 513 touches the beam body 511; it can be connected or not. In practical applications, to prevent the fixing seat 513 from falling off, the fixing seat 513 is connected to the beam body 511, and the connection method can be bolt connection, welding connection, etc.

[0078] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment of the box culvert propulsion structure 100 of the present invention, the box culvert propulsion structure 100 further includes a reaction structure 90, the box culvert 10 is placed on the reaction structure 90, one end of the propulsion device 30 abuts against the box culvert 10, and the other end of the propulsion device 30 abuts against the reaction structure 90 to push the box culvert 10.

[0079] Understandably, by placing the box culvert 10 on the reaction structure 90, with one end of the propulsion device 30 abutting against the box culvert 10 and the other end of the propulsion device 30 abutting against the reaction structure 90, the box culvert 10 is pushed. Thus, when the propulsion device 30 pushes the box culvert 10, the reaction structure 90 is subjected to frictional force from the box culvert 10 and a reaction force from the propulsion device 30. The frictional force and the reaction force are in opposite directions, and the frictional force can be completely or partially canceled out. Understandably, the resultant force on the reaction structure 90 in the horizontal direction is zero or small. Since the small resultant force cannot push the reaction structure 90 fixed on the soil layer, when the propulsion device 30 pushes the box culvert 10 off the reaction structure 90, there is relative movement between the box culvert 10 and the reaction structure 90, but no relative movement between the reaction structure 90 and the soil layer. This reduces the risk of the soil layer being dragged by the box culvert 10.

[0080] like Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown, in one embodiment of the box culvert propulsion structure 100 of the present invention, the reaction structure 90 includes a base 91 and a stop member 93. The base 91 is positioned on the outside of the tunnel entrance and has an anchoring portion 913 for fixing in the soil. The base 91 also has a bearing position for supporting the box culvert 10. The stop member 93 is fixedly connected to the base 91 and located on the side of the bearing position away from the tunnel entrance. The stop member 93 has a connecting plane for connecting a jack to support the jack in pushing the box culvert 10.

[0081] Understandably, the box culvert 10 is fixed in the soil by the anchoring part 913, and the bearing position supports the box culvert 10. The abutment 93 is fixedly connected to the base 91 and is located on the side of the bearing position away from the tunnel entrance. The abutment 93 has a connecting plane, which is connected to the jack to support the jack in pushing the box culvert 10. When the jack pushes the box culvert 10, the reaction structure 90 is subjected to frictional force from the box culvert 10 and reaction force from the jack. The frictional force and reaction force are in opposite directions, and the frictional force can be completely or partially canceled out. Understandably, the resultant force on the reaction structure 90 in the horizontal direction is zero or small. The small resultant force cannot push the reaction structure 90 fixed in the soil. Therefore, when the jack pushes the box culvert 10 off the reaction structure 90, there is relative movement between the box culvert 10 and the reaction structure 90, but no relative movement between the reaction structure 90 and the soil. This can reduce the risk of the soil being dragged by the box culvert 10.

[0082] Specifically, tunnels are generally located underground, so the soil layer outside the tunnel entrance is relatively loose. If the box culvert 10 is directly placed in the soil layer, pushing the large and heavy box culvert 10 will easily drag the soil layer. Once the soil layer is dragged, it is easy for soil to accumulate at one end of the box culvert 10's forward direction, hindering the advancement of the box culvert 10. In the practical application of this invention, when excavating a large-section tunnel with a long, wide, and high cross-section, the reaction structure 90 is first placed outside the tunnel entrance, and the anchoring part 913 of the base 91 is fixed in the soil layer. Then, the box culvert 10 is prefabricated on the bearing position of the base 91, and the abutment 93 is fixedly connected to the base 91 and located on the side of the bearing position away from the tunnel entrance. That is, the abutment 93 is located on the side of the box culvert 10 away from the tunnel entrance. The side of the abutment 93 facing the box culvert 10 is a connecting plane. The jack is located between the box culvert 10 and the abutment 93. The jack is connected to the connecting plane of the abutment 93. The jack pushes the box culvert 10 with the abutment 93. The box culvert 10 is provided with a passage 10a. The excavator excavates a tunnel at the end of the passage 10a away from the jack. After excavating a section of the tunnel, the box culvert 10 is pushed forward a section, thus gradually excavating the tunnel.

[0083] It should be noted that the base 91 can be a reinforced concrete structure, a steel structure, or other structures. Similarly, the stop 93 can be a reinforced concrete structure, a steel structure, or other structures. The stop 93 is fixedly connected to the base 91. The connection method can be that the base 91 and the stop 93 are integrally cast to achieve a fixed connection; it can also be an anchored connection; it can be a combination of the above two connection methods; or it can be other effective connection methods.

[0084] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment of the box culvert propulsion structure 100 of the present invention, the base 91 includes a flat plate portion 911 and an anchoring portion 913. The upper surface of the flat plate portion 911 is provided with a bearing position and a stopper 93 is fixedly connected thereto. The anchoring portion 913 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the flat plate portion 911 and is embedded in the soil layer.

[0085] Understandably, the upper surface of the plate section 911 is provided with a bearing position and a stopper 93 is fixedly connected. The anchoring part 913 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the plate section 911 and is buried in the soil layer. This allows the reaction structure 90 to be stably fixed on the soil layer, so as to better support the box culvert 10 and better support the jacks so that the jacks can push the box culvert 10.

[0086] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment of the box culvert propulsion structure 100 of the present invention, the base 91 further includes a first anchor rod 95, which is sequentially inserted into the flat plate portion 911 and the soil layer to fix the flat plate portion 911 and the soil layer. The end of the first anchor rod 95 inserted into the soil layer is inclined towards the direction of the tunnel.

[0087] Understandably, by sequentially inserting the first anchor rod 95 through the flat plate portion 911 and the soil layer, the flat plate portion 911 is fixedly connected to the soil layer. The end of the first anchor rod 95 inserted into the soil layer is inclined towards the tunnel, which can effectively anchor the flat plate portion 911 to the soil layer, making the flat plate portion 911 more stable. Furthermore, the inclination of the end of the first anchor rod 95 inserted into the soil layer towards the tunnel can effectively prevent the flat plate portion 911 from slipping.

[0088] Specifically, the anchor bolt serves as a tension member that penetrates deep into the soil. One end of the first anchor bolt 95 is connected to the flat plate portion 911 of the reaction structure 90, while the other end penetrates deep into the soil. The first anchor rod 95 is inclined, meaning that the end of the first anchor rod 95 inserted into the soil layer is inclined towards the tunnel. The advantage of this is that after the box culvert 10 is partially pushed into the tunnel, the front part of the box culvert 10 enters the tunnel while the rear part is still on the reaction structure 90. At this time, the jack needs to overcome the friction between the box culvert 10 and the reaction structure 90, as well as the friction between the box culvert 10 and the tunnel, in order to push the box culvert 10. Therefore, the reaction force exerted by the jack on the reaction structure 90 is greater than the friction between the box culvert 10 and the tunnel. That is, the reaction force exerted by the jack on the reaction structure 90 and the friction force exerted by the box culvert 10 on the reaction structure 90 cannot cancel each other out. As a result, the reaction structure 90 will have a tendency to move away from the tunnel direction. Therefore, the inclined anchor rod can hold the reaction structure 90, preventing it from slipping, and also prevent the reaction structure 90 from moving relative to the soil layer, thus protecting the soil layer.

[0089] It should be noted that the first anchor rod 95 can be a self-drilling anchor rod, which also functions as a hole-drilling rod; it can also be a soil anchor rod, in which a hole is drilled in the soil layer, and after reaching a certain depth, materials such as steel bars, steel pipes 301, steel wire bundles, and steel strands are placed in the hole, and mud or chemical grout is injected to make it bond with the soil layer to become an anchor rod with strong tensile (pull-out) strength; it can also be other types of anchor rods.

[0090] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment of the box culvert propulsion structure 100 of the present invention, multiple anchoring portions 913 are provided, and the multiple anchoring portions 913 are spaced apart along the length direction of the flat plate portion 911.

[0091] Understandably, by having multiple anchoring parts 913 spaced apart along the length of the flat plate 911, the reaction structure 90 can be more firmly fixed to the soil layer, improving the stability of the reaction structure 90. Furthermore, the multiple anchoring parts 913 spaced apart along the length of the flat plate 911, that is, arranged spaced apart along the forward direction of the box culvert 10, can also prevent the reaction structure 90 from slipping, and at the same time avoid relative movement between the reaction structure 90 and the soil layer, thereby protecting the soil layer.

[0092] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment of the box culvert propulsion structure 100 of the present invention, the anchoring part 913 includes a support platform 9131 and a fixing block 9133. The support platform 9131 is located on the lower surface of the flat plate part 911 and is integrally formed with the flat plate part 911. The fixing block 9133 is located on the lower surface of the support platform 9131 and is integrally formed with the support platform 9131. The cross-section of the support platform 9131 is larger than the cross-section of the fixing block 9133.

[0093] Understandably, by having the bearing platform 9131 located on the lower surface of the flat plate portion 911 and integrally formed with it, and the fixing block 9133 located on the lower surface of the bearing platform 9131 and integrally formed with it, the connection between the bearing platform 9131 and the flat plate, and between the fixing block 9133 and the bearing platform 9131, becomes more robust and stable, easier to manufacture, and saves costs. The cross-section of the bearing platform 9131 is larger than the cross-section of the fixing block 9133; that is, the horizontal cross-section of the bearing platform 9131 is larger than the horizontal cross-section of the fixing block 9133. This allows the fixing block 9133 to penetrate deeper into the soil, facilitating the anchoring portion 913 to penetrate deeper into the soil, thus making the reaction structure 90 more robust.

[0094] like Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment of the box culvert propulsion structure 100 of the present invention, the cross section of the pier 9131 along the vertical direction is trapezoidal, and the area of ​​the upper surface of the pier 9131 is greater than the area of ​​the lower surface.

[0095] Understandably, since the vertical cross-section of the foundation 9131 is trapezoidal and the area of ​​the upper surface of the foundation 9131 is greater than the area of ​​the lower surface, that is, the vertical cross-section of the foundation 9131 is an inverted trapezoid. When the reaction structure 90 bears the weight of the box culvert 10, the hypotenuse of the trapezoid on the foundation 9131 can convert part of the vertical force into a horizontal force. In other words, it reduces the vertical force exerted by the reaction structure 90 on the soil layer, thereby reducing the settlement of the reaction structure 90 caused by the load-bearing box culvert 10.

[0096] like Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment of the box culvert propulsion structure 100 of the present invention, the abutment 93 is located above the anchoring part 913. The reaction structure 90 also includes a second anchor rod 97, which is sequentially inserted through the abutment 93, the flat plate part 911, and the anchoring part 913 to fix the abutment 93, the flat plate part 911, and the anchoring part 913 together.

[0097] Understandably, with the abutment 93 positioned above the anchoring part 913, and the second anchor rod 97 sequentially passing through the abutment 93, the flat plate part 911, and the anchoring part 913 to fix the abutment 93, the flat plate part 911, and the anchoring part 913 together, the strength of the main stress-bearing parts of the reaction structure 90 can be enhanced. On the other hand, when the abutment 93 is subjected to the reaction force of the jack, the abutment 93 can transfer part of the reaction force to the anchoring part 913 through the second anchor rod 97. In this way, the entire reaction structure 90 can be made more robust and reliable in structure.

[0098] The present invention also proposes a tunnel excavation system 1000, which includes a pipe roof support structure 300 and a box culvert propulsion structure 100. The pulling end of the pulling structure 50 of the box culvert propulsion structure 100 is connected to the steel pipe 301 of the pipe roof support structure 300. The specific structure of the pipe roof support structure 300 is as described in the above embodiments. Since the tunnel excavation system 1000 adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0099] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A box culvert pushing structure, characterized by, include: A box culvert, wherein the upper surface of the box culvert is provided with a support member, the support member being used to support the steel pipes of the pipe shed support structure; A propulsion device, located at one end of the box culvert, for propelling the box culvert; as well as A traction structure is installed on the box culvert. The traction structure and the propulsion device are located at the same end of the box culvert. The traction end of the traction structure is used to connect to the steel pipe of the pipe shed support structure so that the steel pipe of the pipe shed support structure does not move forward with the box culvert. The traction structure includes a crossbeam and a traction device. The crossbeam is installed at one end of the tunnel and extends along the width of the tunnel to simultaneously fix the ends of multiple steel pipes connected to the pipe roof support structure. The traction device is spaced apart from the crossbeam along the length of the tunnel, and the traction end of the traction device is connected to the crossbeam to simultaneously pull multiple steel pipes through the crossbeam. The fixed parts of the crossbeam and the traction device are located at both ends of the tunnel, respectively. The crossbeam includes a beam body and a fixing seat. The beam body is used to simultaneously fix and connect the ends of multiple steel pipes. The fixing seat is located on the side of the beam body away from the fixing part of the traction device and abuts against the beam body. The pulling end of the pulling device passes through the steel pipe and the main beam in sequence, and is fixedly connected to the fixed base.

2. The box culvert jacking structure of claim 1, wherein, The box culvert includes a bottom plate, two oppositely arranged side plates and a top plate. The bottom edge of the side plate is connected to the bottom plate, and the top edge of the side plate is connected to the top plate. The bottom plate, one of the side plates, the top plate and the other side plate are sequentially arranged to form a passage. The propulsion end of the propulsion device is connected to the base plate to push the base plate; The traction structure is installed on the top plate to pull the top plate.

3. The box culvert jacking structure of claim 2, wherein, The traction structure is provided in multiple ways, and the multiple traction structures are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the top plate.

4. The box culvert jacking structure of claim 2, wherein, The top plate is provided with an installation block on the side away from the pipe shed support structure. The installation block protrudes upward from the upper surface of the top plate, and the tensioning structure is installed on the installation block.

5. The box culvert jacking structure of claim 4, wherein, The mounting block has a through hole, which faces the steel pipe of the pipe shed support structure. The tensioning structure is a tensioning jack, which is installed on the side of the mounting block away from the pipe roof support structure. The steel strand of the tensioning jack passes through the through hole and is connected to the steel pipe of the pipe roof support structure.

6. The box culvert jacking structure of claim 5, wherein, The box culvert propulsion structure also includes an operating platform, which is installed on the side of the mounting block away from the pipe roof support structure and located below the tensioning jack.

7. The box culvert jacking structure of claim 4, wherein, The mounting block and the box culvert are integrally formed reinforced concrete structures.

8. The box culvert jacking structure of claim 1, wherein, The box culvert propulsion structure also includes a reaction structure. The box culvert is placed on the reaction structure. One end of the propulsion device abuts against the box culvert, and the other end of the propulsion device abuts against the reaction structure to push the box culvert.

9. A tunnel excavation system characterized by, It includes a pipe roof support structure and a box culvert propulsion structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the pulling end of the pulling structure of the box culvert propulsion structure is connected to the steel pipe of the pipe roof support structure.

Images