A towed temperature, salinity, and depth measurement system for vertical profile measurement

Abstract

This invention provides a towed CTD (conductivity, temperature, and depth) measurement system for vertical profile measurement, comprising a deck unit and a winch unit respectively installed on a vessel. The winch unit tows a towed fish via a cable. The observation method of the towed CTD measurement system for vertical profile measurement involves operators preset the parameters for the winch unit to control the lowering or raising of the towed fish, and the towed fish is automatically deployed below the water surface while the vessel is underway. This towed CTD measurement system for vertical profile measurement uses a tugboat to tow the underwater observation system, which is connected to the tugboat by a cable. The underwater observation system carries sensors to measure underwater environmental elements. The towed observation system controls the ascent, descent, and navigation trajectory of the underwater observation system during vessel navigation, enabling multi-parameter ocean vertical profile observation. It features non-interference with vessel navigation, real-time, and simultaneous multi-element observation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of ocean water body data measurement, and particularly relates to a towed temperature-salinity-depth measurement system for vertical profile measurement. BACKGROUND

[0002] Fine ocean environment observation is the basis for carrying out marine scientific research and deeply understanding the ocean, and is of great significance to marine resource development, marine disaster prediction and guaranteeing national security. With the development of marine science and technology, marine field observation has entered the stage of high-resolution stereoscopic observation. Fixed-point observation such as buoy and subsurface buoy has low vertical resolution and extremely low horizontal resolution. Traditional shipborne temperature-salinity-depth profile measurement instrument can only measure profile in the drifting state of the survey ship, has high vertical resolution, but depends on the density of the stop station for horizontal resolution, and has low horizontal spatial resolution. The defects of the existing observation technology and method result in a serious lack of observation data of large-scale, high-resolution, stereoscopic distribution characteristics and different period marine phenomena of marine elements in the sea area under the jurisdiction and key attention of China. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a technical means that can realize stereoscopic and high-resolution observation of the ocean, and realize stereoscopic and high-resolution observation of the parameters of ocean temperature, salinity and depth. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of this, the present application aims to provide a towed temperature-salinity-depth measurement system for vertical profile measurement to solve the problem that the existing shipborne temperature-salinity-depth profile measurement instrument can only measure profile in the drifting state of the survey ship, has high vertical resolution, and depends on the density of the stop station for horizontal resolution, and has low horizontal spatial resolution.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0005] A towed temperature-salinity-depth measurement system for vertical profile measurement, comprising a deck unit and a winch unit arranged on a ship respectively, the winch unit towing a towfish through a cable, and the deck unit comprising a controller and a display connected to the controller, and the winch unit and the towfish being connected to the controller, the observation method of the towed temperature-salinity-depth measurement system for vertical profile measurement being that a worker presets parameters for controlling the winch unit to lower or stretch the towfish, and the worker deploys the towfish below the water surface in the sailing state of the ship, the winch unit reeling in or out the cable according to the preset parameters, the reeled-in or reeled-out cable being able to drive the towfish to reciprocally deploy, the reciprocally deployed towfish forming a deployment falling trajectory and a recovery movement trajectory under water, and the deployment falling trajectory and the recovery movement trajectory forming a combined movement trajectory, the combined movement trajectory of the towfish being used for measuring water body data and transmitting the water body data to the controller, and the display being used for displaying the measured water body data information.

[0006] Further, the deployment falling trajectory is used for the towfish to measure the vertical profile of the water body.

[0007] Further, the recovery movement track is a parabolic trajectory.

[0008] Further, the towfish comprises a streamlined shell and a measurement sensor mounted thereon, one end of the streamlined shell is fixedly connected to the cable, and the measurement sensor is signal-transmitted to the controller through the cable.

[0009] Further, the measurement sensor comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and an electrical conductivity sensor, and the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the electrical conductivity sensor are signal-connected to the data acquisition module respectively, the data acquisition module is mounted inside the shell, and the data acquisition module is signal-connected to the cable.

[0010] Further, the first end of the shell is provided with a flow guide surface, the second end of the shell is peripherally provided with a cruciform tail fin, and the second end of the shell is internally provided with a sealed box, the data acquisition module is mounted inside the sealed box, the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the electrical conductivity sensor are respectively mounted on the periphery of the sealed box or the periphery of the shell, and the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the electrical conductivity sensor all contact the water body.

[0011] Further, the periphery of the shell is further provided with a rotating sleeve support, the support is a frame structure, and one end of the support is fixedly connected to the cable.

[0012] Further, the winch unit comprises a winch frame, a hoist, a rotating device and a boom, the winch frame is a frame structure, the hoist is arranged in the winch frame, a rotating connector is mounted on the drum of the hoist, the upper end of the winch frame is sleeved to one end of the boom through the rotating device, the other end of the boom is provided with a roller, one end of the cable is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the rotating connector, the other end of the cable is fixedly connected to one end of the towfish after extending along the periphery of the drum and the periphery of the roller, the hoist is signal-connected to the controller, and the cable is signal-connected to the controller through the rotating connection.

[0013] Further, the rotating device is a rotary drive, and the rotary drive is signal-connected to the controller.

[0014] Further, a cleaning spray head is mounted on the winch frame, the cleaning spray head is communicated to tap water through a pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the pipeline, and the electromagnetic valve is signal-connected to the controller.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the towed CTD system for vertical profile measurement has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) The towed type temperature-salinity-depth measurement system for vertical profile measurement provided by the present application is towed by a tugboat, and a cable is used to connect the underwater observation system and the tugboat. The underwater observation system carries sensors to complete the measurement of underwater environmental elements. The towed observation system is used to control the rising, falling and sailing trajectory of the underwater observation system during the sailing process of the ship, to carry out multi-parameter ocean profile observation, and has the characteristics of not affecting the sailing of the ship, real-time and multi-element synchronous observation.

[0017] (2) The towed type temperature-salinity-depth measurement system for vertical profile measurement provided by the present application can be quickly deployed by a marine survey ship, and can perform high-resolution and three-dimensional observation on the upper sea water in the sea area under the sailing state of the ship. The measured parameters include the temperature and conductivity of the upper sea water of the ocean and the depth.

[0018] (3) The towed type temperature-salinity-depth measurement system for vertical profile measurement provided by the present application has a real-time transmission function of observation data, so that it has timeliness in marine investigation. In addition, real-time acquisition of observation data can at any time master the state of the towed fish in the water, and when an abnormality in observation is found, adjustment can be made in time to ensure the success rate of the task.

[0019] (4) The towed type temperature-salinity-depth measurement system for vertical profile measurement provided by the present application has a fast and mobile observation capability, is equipped on a measurement ship, has high system reliability, is suitable for long-term storage on the deck of a ship, and can carry out temperature-salinity profile measurement under the sailing condition, can be quickly deployed, and can realize automatic and continuous measurement of multiple profiles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the present application, are used to provide further understanding of the present application, and the illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute improper limitations on the present application. In the drawings:

[0021] Fig. 1 A schematic diagram of the towed type temperature-salinity-depth measurement system for vertical profile measurement provided by the present application in the sailing measurement;

[0022] Fig. 2 A schematic diagram in the winch unit provided by the present application;

[0023] Fig. 3 A profile schematic diagram of the towed fish provided by the present application.

[0024] Explanation of reference signs:

[0025] 1 - deck unit; 2 - winch unit; 21 - winch frame; 22 - hoist; 23 - rotating device; 24 - boom; 25 - cleaning nozzle; 3 - towfish; 31 - flow guide surface; 32 - cruciform tail fin; 33 - bracket; 4 - cable; 5 - temperature sensor; 6 - pressure sensor; 7 - conductivity sensor; 8 - data acquisition module; 9 - sealed box; 100 - water surface; 200 - laying falling trajectory; 300 - recovery movement trajectory; 400 - deepest point of falling; 500 - ship. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0027] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" and the like can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0028] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood through specific circumstances.

[0029] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0030] As Figs. 1-3As shown, a towed CTD system for vertical profile measurement includes a deck unit 1 and a winch unit 2 arranged on a ship 500 respectively, the winch unit 2 pulls a towfish 3 through a cable 4, and the deck unit 1 includes a controller and a display connected to the controller, the controller is a PLC, and the winch unit 2 and the towfish 3 are both connected to the controller, the observation method of the towed CTD system for vertical profile measurement is that the staff pre-sets parameters for the winch unit 2 to control the lowering or stretching of the towfish 3, wherein the main parameters include the minimum distance from the bottom of the towfish 3, the deepest point 400 of the fall, and the minimum deployment depth, and the staff deploys the towfish 3 below the water surface 100 under the sailing state of the ship 500, the winch unit 2 retracts or deploys the cable 4 according to the pre-set parameters, the retracted or deployed cable 4 can drive the towfish 3 to reciprocate, the reciprocating towfish 3 forms a deployment fall trajectory 200 and a recovery motion trajectory 300 under water, and the deployment fall trajectory 200 and the recovery motion trajectory 300 form a combined motion trajectory, the combined motion trajectory of the towfish 3 is used to measure water body data and transmit signals to the controller, and the display is used to display the measured water body data information, the system operates automatically during the measurement process without the need for personnel operation, and after the operation is completed, the towfish 3 is recovered to the deck by the operator, in this embodiment, the towfish 3 includes a streamlined shell and a measurement sensor mounted thereon, one end of the streamlined shell is fixedly connected to the cable 4, and the measurement sensor transmits signals to the controller through the cable 4.

[0031] The controller in the deck unit 1 is provided with an upper computer, and the upper computer and the display are used to receive, store and display the temperature-salinity-depth data measured by the sensors in the towfish 3 and the water depth and navigation positioning information provided by the survey ship, the winch and the towfish 3 can be controlled through the controller to realize automatic or manual control of the profile measurement of the system.

[0032] Deck winch unit 2, including winch frame 21, winch 22, rotating device 23 and boom 24, winch frame 21 is a frame structure, winch 22 is set in winch frame 21, winch 22 is prior art, and rotating connector is installed on the drum of winch 22, the upper end of winch frame 21 is sleeved to one end of boom 24 through rotating device 23, the other end of boom 24 is provided with a roller, one end of cable 4 is fixedly connected to the inner ring of rotating connector, the other end of cable 4 extends along the periphery of the drum and the periphery of the roller and is fixedly connected to one end of towfish 3, winch 22 is signal connected to controller, rotating connector is a 360-degree rotating power slip ring, rotating connector is used for signal connection of cable 4 to controller, rotating device 23 is rotary drive, rotary drive is signal connected to controller, through controller, winch 22 can realize automatic control and high-speed cable winding and unwinding, towfish 3 is controlled to descend in near free-fall mode to collect seawater temperature and salinity data, the cable unwinding speed of the drum is about 7-8 m / s, so as to ensure that towfish 3 is not affected by cable 4 when ship sails at 500, maintains near free-fall descending posture, winch 22 can realize real-time judgment of the state information of cable unwinding length counter, pressure sensor 6 in towfish 3 and externally connected real-time water depth through controller, when towfish 3 approaches the minimum distance from the bottom or the maximum launch depth, the drum stops unwinding cable; after towfish 3 reaches the minimum distance from the bottom or the maximum launch depth, the drum reversely rotates to quickly wind cable, the winding speed is fastest at 3 m / s, towfish 3 is collected in parabolic trajectory, when towfish 3 returns to the minimum depth position, a cycle of operation is completed, the controller controls the drum brake, and then enters the active cable unwinding state, repeatedly launches towfish 3 to perform vertical profile measurement, and reciprocating operation is performed until the task is completed.

[0033] The towfish 3 comprises a streamlined shell and a measuring sensor mounted thereon, one end of the streamlined shell is fixedly connected to the cable 4, and the measuring sensor is signal-transmitted to the controller through the cable 4, the measuring sensor comprises a temperature sensor 5, a pressure sensor 6 and an electric conductivity sensor 7, and the temperature sensor 5, the pressure sensor 6 and the electric conductivity sensor 7 are signal-connected to a data acquisition module 8 respectively, the data acquisition module 8 is prior art, the data acquisition module 8 is mounted to the inside of the shell, the data acquisition module 8 is signal-connected to the cable, a support 33 is rotatably sleeved to the periphery of the shell, the support 33 is a frame structure, one end of the support 33 is fixedly connected to the cable 4, a single-core cable 4 with a small diameter is adopted between the winch unit 2 and the towfish 3, in order to realize real-time transmission of electric energy and data in a mixed mode, the electric energy and the measuring control command are modulated, and the mixed modulated signal is transmitted to the underwater towfish 3 through the cable 4; the transmission signal is received in the underwater towfish 3, and the power supply and the command are separated through demodulation processing. The power supply supplies power for the underwater sensor, and the command is sent to the underwater temperature-salinity-depth sensor in the towfish 3, meanwhile, the measuring data of the sensor is modulated on the cable 4 and sent to the deck unit 1. The signal transmission unit in the underwater towfish 3 and the deck unit 1 on the water are designed with high-reliability, high-stability noise-elimination circuit and signal isolation and extraction circuit, so that the synthesis and separation of the direct-current power supply and the data signal are realized, thereby ensuring the reliability and low error rate of long-distance electric energy and signal transmission.

[0034] The towfish 3 is externally provided with a streamlined shell, which reduces the formation of water flow separation and vortex on the surface of the shell and is suitable for reducing the flow resistance when the towfish 3 falls freely at a high speed; the gravity center and the buoyancy center of the towfish 3 are located on the vertical symmetry axis of the streamlined shell, so that the moment that causes the deflection of the towfish 3 is avoided, and the good hydrodynamic performance enables the towfish 3 to move in a near free-fall mode and collect data at the same time when the towfish 3 falls in water. The cross-flow tail wing at the tail of the towfish 3 reduces the influence of the wake on the towfish 3, so that the falling state of the towfish 3 is stabilized and the good vertical posture during the measuring and launching process is maintained.

[0035] In the temperature-salinity-depth sensor in the underwater towfish 3, high-performance thermistors and metal armored materials are adopted, so that the temperature sensor 5 has high precision, high pressure resistance and fast response; high-performance electrodes and electric conductivity cell materials are adopted, combined with high-precision conversion circuit and electric conductivity cell compensation technology, so that the electric conductivity sensor has high precision, high stability and fast response; a large-range pressure sensor 6 pressure-resistant structure design method and in-situ temperature self-compensation method are adopted, so that the pressure sensor has large pressure resistance, accuracy and fast response.

[0036] In the embodiment, the ship 500 has a maximum profile depth of 300 meters at a speed of 12 knots and a maximum profile depth of 500 meters at a speed of 9 knots.

[0037] Meanwhile, a cleaning nozzle 25 is installed on the winch frame 21, the cleaning nozzle 25 is communicated to tap water through a pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the pipeline, the electromagnetic valve is signal connected to the controller, and the controller can automatically clean the special cable 4 when the fishing task is finished and the fish 3 is recovered, so that the special cable 4 is prevented from being eroded by seawater and the service life is prolonged.

[0038] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A towed CTD system for vertical profile measurements, characterized by: The method comprises a deck unit (1) and a winch unit (2) arranged on a ship (500) respectively, the winch unit (2) pulls a towfish (3) through a cable (4), the deck unit (1) comprises a controller and a display connected to the controller, and the winch unit (2) and the towfish (3) are both connected to the controller, the observation method of the towed CTD system for vertical section measurement is that a worker presets parameters for the winch unit (2) to control the extension or retraction of the towfish (3), and the worker deploys the towfish (3) below the water surface (100) when the ship (500) is sailing, the winch unit (2) automatically retracts or extends the cable (4) according to the preset parameters, the retracted or extended cable (4) can drive the towfish (3) to be reciprocally deployed, the reciprocally deployed towfish (3) forms a deployment falling track (200) and a recovery movement track (300) under water, and the deployment falling track (200) and the recovery movement track (300) form a combined movement track, and the combined movement track of the towfish (3) is used for measuring water body data and transmitting the data to the controller; The towfish (3) comprises a streamlined shell and a measurement sensor mounted on the shell, one end of the streamlined shell is fixedly connected to the cable (4), and the measurement sensor is connected to the controller through the cable (4); The measurement sensor comprises a temperature sensor (5), a pressure sensor (6) and an electrical conductivity sensor (7), and the temperature sensor (5), the pressure sensor (6) and the electrical conductivity sensor (7) are respectively connected to a data acquisition module (8), the data acquisition module (8) is mounted in the shell, and the data acquisition module (8) is connected to the cable; The winch unit (2) comprises a winch frame (21), a winch (22), a rotating device (23) and a boom (24), the winch frame (21) is a frame structure, the winch (22) is arranged in the winch frame (21), a rotating connector is mounted on a drum of the winch (22), the winch frame (21) is sleeved to one end of the boom (24) through the rotating device (23) at the upper end of the winch frame (21), the other end of the boom (24) is provided with a roller, one end of the cable (4) is fixedly connected to an inner ring of the rotating connector, the other end of the cable (4) is fixedly connected to one end of the towfish (3) after extending along the outer periphery of the drum and the outer periphery of the roller, the winch (22) is connected to the controller, and the cable (4) is connected to the controller through the rotating connection. The rotary connector is a 360-degree rotary power supply slip ring, and the rotary connector is used for signal connection of the cable (4) to the controller. The rotary device (23) is a slewing drive, and the slewing drive is signal connected to the controller. The winch (22) is controlled by the controller to realize automatic control and high-speed cable winding and unwinding. The towfish (3) is controlled to descend in a near free-fall manner to collect seawater temperature and salinity data. The cable unwinding speed of the drum is about 7-8 m / s, so as to ensure that the towfish (3) is not affected by the cable (4) when the ship (500) sails, and maintains a near free-fall descending posture. The winch (22) can realize real-time judgment of the state information of the cable unwinding length counter, the pressure sensor (6) in the towfish (3) and the externally connected real-time water depth. When the towfish (3) approaches the minimum distance from the bottom or the maximum launch depth, the drum stops unwinding the cable. After the towfish (3) reaches the minimum distance from the bottom or the maximum launch depth, the drum reversely rotates to quickly wind the cable, and the cable winding speed is the fastest 3 m / s. The towfish (3) is collected in a parabolic trajectory. When the towfish (3) returns to the minimum depth position, a cycle of work is completed. The controller controls the drum brake, and then enters the active cable unwinding state. The towfish (3) is repeatedly launched to measure the vertical profile, and reciprocating work is performed until the task is completed. The ship (500) has a maximum profile depth of 300 meters at a speed of 12 knots, and a maximum profile depth of 500 meters at a speed of 9 knots.

2. A towed CTD system for vertical profile measurements according to claim 1, characterized in that: The falling trajectory (200) is used for vertical profile measurement of the water body by the towfish (3).

3. A towed CTD system for vertical profiling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The recovery trajectory (300) is a parabolic trajectory.

4. A towed CTD system for vertical profiling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first end of the shell is provided with a flow guide surface (31), the second end of the shell is provided with a cruciform tail fin (32) around the periphery, and a sealing box (9) is arranged in the inner ring of the second end of the shell. The data acquisition module (8) is installed in the sealing box (9). The temperature sensor (5), the pressure sensor (6) and the conductivity sensor (7) are respectively arranged around the sealing box (9) or the shell. The temperature sensor (5), the pressure sensor (6) and the conductivity sensor (7) all contact the water body.

5. A towed CTD system for vertical profile measurements according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell is also provided with a rotating sleeve support (33), and the support (33) is a frame structure. One end of the support (33) is fixedly connected to the cable (4).

6. A towed CTD system for vertical profile measurements according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary device (23) is a slewing drive, and the slewing drive is signal connected to the controller.

7. A towed CTD system for vertical profile measurements according to claim 1, characterized in that: The winch frame (21) is provided with a cleaning spray head (25), and the cleaning spray head (25) is connected to tap water through a pipeline. An electromagnetic valve is arranged on the pipeline, and the electromagnetic valve is signal connected to the controller.

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