Beam selection in uplink repetition

Abstract

A wireless device receives one or more configuration parameters. The one or more configuration parameters include parameters that enable use of default transmission parameters for uplink transmissions, and the one or more parameters indicate physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) repetitions of PUCCH resources. The wireless device transmits, via the PUCCH resources, repetitions of uplink signals having at least two transmission parameters determined based on at least two default transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states, wherein the transmissions are in response to the one or more configuration parameters including the parameters and the one or more configuration parameters indicating the PUCCH repetitions of the PUCCH resources.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 025,029, filed May 14, 2020, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0003] Examples of several of the various embodiments of the present disclosure are described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0004] Figure 1A and Figure 1B An exemplary mobile communications network is shown in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented.

[0005] Figure 2A and Figure 2B The New Radio (NR) user plane and control plane protocol stacks are shown separately.

[0006] Figure 3 Shown in Figure 2A Examples of services provided between the protocol layers of the NR user plane protocol stack.

[0007] Figure 4A Shows the flow Figure 2A Example downlink data flow of the NR user plane protocol stack.

[0008] Figure 4B An exemplary format of a MAC subheader in a MAC PDU is shown.

[0009] Figure 5A and Figure 5B The mapping between logical channels, transport channels and physical channels is shown for downlink and uplink respectively.

[0010] Figure 6 is an example diagram showing RRC state transition of a UE.

[0011] Figure 7 An exemplary configuration of an NR frame into which OFDM symbols are grouped is shown.

[0012] Figure 8 An exemplary configuration of time slots in the time and frequency domains of an NR carrier is shown.

[0013] Figure 9 An example of bandwidth adaptation using three configured BWPs for an NR carrier is shown.

[0014] Figure 10A Three carrier aggregation configurations with two component carriers are shown.

[0015] Figure 10B An example is shown of how aggregated cells may be configured into one or more PUCCH groups.

[0016] Figure 11A An example of SS / PBCH block structure and location is shown.

[0017] Figure 11B An example of CSI-RS mapped in the time and frequency domains is shown.

[0018] Figure 12A and Figure 12B Three examples of downlink and uplink beam management procedures are shown respectively.

[0019] Figure 13A 、 Figure 13B and Figure 13C A four-step contention-based random access procedure, a two-step contention-free random access procedure, and another two-step random access procedure are shown respectively.

[0020] Figure 14A An example of a CORESET configuration for the bandwidth portion is shown.

[0021] Figure 14B An example of CCE to REG mapping for DCI transmission on CORESET and PDCCH processing is shown.

[0022] Figure 15 An example of a wireless device communicating with a base station is shown.

[0023] Figure 16A 、 Figure 16B 、 Figure 16C and Figure 16D Exemplary structures for uplink and downlink transmissions are shown.

[0024] Figure 17 is an example of spatial domain transmission filter determination for beam management according to one aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 18 is an example of spatial domain transmission filter determination for beam management according to one aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 19 is an example of spatial domain transmission filter determination for beam management according to one aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 20 is an example of path loss reference signal determination for beam management according to one aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 21is an example of path loss reference signal determination for beam management according to one aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 22 is an example of path loss reference signal determination for beam management according to one aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 23 is an example of an uplink repetition scheme for beam management according to one aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 24 is an exemplary flow chart of spatial domain transmission filter determination for beam management according to one aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 25 is an example of spatial domain transmission filter determination for beam management according to one aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In the present disclosure, various embodiments are presented in the form of examples of how the disclosed technology can be implemented and / or how the disclosed technology can be practiced in environments and scenarios. It will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art that various changes in form and detail can be made therein without departing from the scope of the present invention. In fact, after reading the specification, it will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art how to implement alternative embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention should not be limited by any described exemplary embodiments. The embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Limitations, features and / or elements from the disclosed exemplary embodiments can be combined to create additional embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure. Any figures that highlight functionality and advantages are provided for illustrative purposes only. The disclosed architecture is flexible and configurable enough that it can be utilized in a manner different from that shown. For example, the actions listed in any flow chart can be reordered or only optionally used in certain embodiments.

[0034] Implementations can be configured to operate as needed. The disclosed mechanisms can be implemented when certain criteria are met, such as in a wireless device, base station, radio environment, network, or combinations thereof. Exemplary criteria can be based, at least in part, on, for example, wireless device or network node configuration, traffic load, initial system setup, packet size, traffic characteristics, or combinations thereof. When one or more criteria are met, various exemplary implementations can be applied. Thus, exemplary implementations that selectively implement the disclosed protocol can be implemented.

[0035] A base station may communicate with a mixture of wireless devices. A wireless device and / or base station may support multiple technologies and / or multiple versions of the same technology. A wireless device may have certain specific capabilities, depending on the wireless device class and / or capabilities. When the present disclosure refers to a base station communicating with multiple wireless devices, the present disclosure may refer to a subset of the total wireless devices in the coverage area. For example, the present disclosure may refer to multiple wireless devices of a given LTE or 5G version with a given capability and in a given sector of a base station. The multiple wireless devices in the present disclosure may refer to a selected plurality of wireless devices, and / or a subset of the total wireless devices in the coverage area that perform according to the disclosed methods, etc. There may be multiple base stations or multiple wireless devices in the coverage area that may not comply with the disclosed methods, for example, these wireless devices or base stations may perform based on older versions of LTE or 5G technology.

[0036] In this disclosure, "a" and "an" and similar phrases will be interpreted as "at least one" and "one or more". Similarly, any term ending with the suffix "(s)" will be interpreted as "at least one" and "one or more". In this disclosure, the term "may" is to be interpreted as "may, for example". In other words, the term "may" indicates that the phrase following the term "may" is an example of one suitable possibility among multiple suitable possibilities that may or may not be used for one or more embodiments in various embodiments. As used herein, the terms "comprise" and "consist of" list one or more components of the element being described. The term "comprise" is interchangeable with "include" and does not exclude that unlisted components are included in the element being described. In contrast, "consisting of..." provides a complete listing of one or more components of the element being described. As used herein, the term "based on" should be interpreted as "based at least in part on" rather than, for example, "based only on". As used herein, the term "and / or" refers to any possible combination of the listed elements. For example, "A, B and / or C" can mean A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; or A, B and C.

[0037] If A and B are sets, and every element of A is also an element of B, then A is called a subset of B. In this specification, only non-empty sets and subsets are considered. For example, the possible subsets of B = {cell1, cell2} are: {cell1}, {cell2}, and {cell1, cell2}. The phrase "based on" (or equivalently, "based at least on") indicates that the phrase following the term "based on" is an example of one of multiple suitable possibilities that may or may not be used in one or more different embodiments. The phrase "in response to" (or equivalently, "in response to at least") indicates that the phrase following the phrase "in response to" is an example of one of multiple suitable possibilities that may or may not be used in one or more different embodiments. The phrase "depending on" (or equivalently, "depending on at least") indicates that the phrase following the phrase "depending on" is an example of one of multiple suitable possibilities that may or may not be used in one or more different embodiments. The phrase "using / adopting" (or equivalently, "at least adopting / adopting") indicates that the phrase following the phrase "adopting / adopting" is an example of one of multiple suitable possibilities that may or may not be used in one or more different embodiments.

[0038] The term "configured" can refer to the capabilities of a device, whether the device is in an operational or non-operational state. "Configured" can also refer to specific settings in a device that affect the operational characteristics of the device, whether the device is in an operational or non-operational state. In other words, hardware, software, firmware, registers, memory values, etc. can be "configured" within a device to provide specific characteristics to the device, whether the device is in an operational or non-operational state. Terms such as "a control message caused in a device" can mean that the control message has parameters that can be used to configure specific characteristics in the device or parameters that can be used to implement certain actions in the device, whether the device is in an operational or non-operational state.

[0039] In the present disclosure, a parameter (or equivalently referred to as a field or information element: IE) may include one or more information objects, and an information object may include one or more other objects. For example, if parameter (IE) N includes parameter (IE) M, and parameter (IE) M includes parameter (IE) K, and parameter (IE) K includes parameter (information element) J. Then, for example, N includes K, and N includes J. In an exemplary embodiment, when one or more messages include multiple parameters, it means that the parameters of the multiple parameters are in at least one of the one or more messages, but not necessarily in every one of the one or more messages.

[0040] Many of the features presented are described as optional, either by using the word "may" or by using parentheses. For the sake of brevity and readability, this disclosure does not explicitly recite every permutation that can be obtained by selecting from the set of optional features. This disclosure should be interpreted as explicitly disclosing all such permutations. For example, a system described as having three optional features can be embodied in seven different ways, namely, having only one of the three possible features, having any two of the three possible features, or having three of the three possible features.

[0041] Many elements described in the disclosed embodiments can be implemented as modules. Modules are defined here as elements that perform defined functions and have defined interfaces to other elements. The modules described in this disclosure can be implemented with hardware, software, firmware, wetware (e.g., hardware with biological elements) in conjunction with hardware, or a combination thereof, all of which can be equivalent in behavior. For example, a module can be implemented as a software routine written in a computer language that is configured to be executed by a hardware machine (such as, C, C++, Fortran, Java, Basic, Matlab, etc.) or a modeling / simulation program (such as, Simulink, Stateflow, GNU Octave, or LabVIEW MathScript). It is possible to implement a module using physical hardware that incorporates discrete or programmable analog, digital, and / or quantum hardware. Examples of programmable hardware include: computers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs); field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs); and complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs). Computers, microcontrollers, and microprocessors are programmed using languages ​​such as assembly, C, C++, etc. FPGAs, ASICs, and CPLDs are often programmed using a hardware description language (HDL), such as VHSIC Hardware Description Language (VHDL) or Verilog, which configures the connections between the smaller internal hardware blocks on the programmable device. The mentioned techniques are often used in combination to achieve the results of the functional blocks.

[0042] Figure 1A 1 shows an example of a mobile communication network 100 in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. The mobile communication network 100 may be, for example, a public land mobile network (PLMN) operated by a network operator. Figure 1A As shown in , the mobile communication network 100 includes a core network (CN) 102 , a radio access network (RAN) 104 , and wireless devices 106 .

[0043] The CN 102 may provide an interface to one or more data networks (DNs), such as public DNs (e.g., the Internet), private DNs, and / or intra-carrier DNs, for the wireless device 106. As part of the interface functionality, the CN 102 may set up an end-to-end connection between the wireless device 106 and the one or more DNs, authenticate the wireless device 106, and provide charging functionality.

[0044] The RAN 104 can connect the CN 102 to the wireless device 106 via radio communication over an air interface. As part of the radio communication, the RAN 104 can provide scheduling, radio resource management, and retransmission protocols. The direction of communication from the RAN 104 to the wireless device 106 over the air interface is referred to as downlink, while the direction of communication from the wireless device 106 to the RAN 104 over the air interface is referred to as uplink. Downlink transmissions can be separated from uplink transmissions using frequency division duplexing (FDD), time division duplexing (TDD), and / or some combination of the two duplexing techniques.

[0045] The term "wireless device" may be used throughout this disclosure to refer to and encompass any mobile or fixed (non-mobile) device that requires or can use wireless communication. For example, a wireless device can be a phone, a smartphone, a tablet, a computer, a laptop, a sensor, a meter, a wearable device, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a vehicle roadside unit (RSU), a relay node, an automobile, and / or any combination thereof. The term "wireless device" encompasses other terms including user equipment (UE), user terminal (UT), access terminal (AT), mobile station, handset, wireless transmit and receive unit (WTRU), and / or wireless communication device.

[0046] The RAN 104 may include one or more base stations (not shown). The term "base station" may be used throughout this disclosure to refer to and encompass: a Node B (associated with UMTS and / or 3G standards); an evolved Node B (eNB, associated with E-UTRA and / or 4G standards); a remote radio head (RRH); a baseband processing unit coupled to one or more RRHs; a forwarder node or relay node used to extend the coverage area of ​​a donor node; a next-generation evolved Node B (ng-eNB); a generation Node B (gNB, associated with NR and / or 5G standards); an access point (AP, associated with, for example, WiFi or any other suitable wireless communication standard); and / or any combination thereof. A base station may include at least one gNB central unit (gNB-CU) and at least one gNB distributed unit (gNB-DU).

[0047] The base stations included in the RAN 104 may include one or more antennas for communicating with the wireless devices 106 over the air interface. For example, one or more of the base stations may include three antennas to control three cells (or sectors) respectively. The size of a cell may be determined by the range at which a receiver (e.g., a base station receiver) can successfully receive transmissions from a transmitter (e.g., a wireless device transmitter) operating in the cell. Together, the cells of the base stations may provide wireless devices 106 with radio coverage over a wide geographic area to support wireless device mobility.

[0048] In addition to three-sector sites, other implementations of base stations are possible. For example, one or more of the base stations in the RAN 104 may be implemented as a sectorized site with more or less than three sectors. One or more of the base stations in the RAN 104 may be implemented as an access point, a baseband processing unit coupled to several remote radio heads (RRHs), and / or a repeater or relay node for extending the coverage area of ​​a donor node. The baseband processing units coupled to the RRHs may be part of a centralized or cloud RAN architecture, where the baseband processing units may be centralized in a pool of baseband processing units or virtualized. The repeater node may amplify and rebroadcast the radio signal received from the donor node. The relay node may perform the same / similar functions as the repeater node, but may decode the radio signal received from the donor node to remove noise before amplifying and rebroadcasting the radio signal.

[0049] The RAN 104 can be deployed as a homogeneous network of macrocell base stations with similar antenna types and similar high-level transmit power. The RAN 104 can also be deployed as a heterogeneous network. In a heterogeneous network, small cell base stations can be used to provide small coverage areas, such as coverage areas that overlap with the relatively larger coverage area provided by macrocell base stations. Small coverage areas can be provided in areas with high data traffic (or so-called "hotspots") or in areas where macrocell coverage is weak. Examples of small cell base stations include, in descending order of coverage area: microcell base stations, picocell base stations, and femtocell base stations or home base stations.

[0050] The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) was established in 1998 to Figure 1A 100 in the mobile communication network 100. To date, 3GPP has developed specifications for three generations of mobile networks: the third generation (3G) network known as the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), the fourth generation (4G) network known as the Long Term Evolution (LTE), and the fifth generation (5G) network known as the 5G System (5GS). The embodiments of the present disclosure are described with reference to the RAN of the 3GPP 5G network known as the Next Generation RAN (NG-RAN). These embodiments are applicable to the RAN of other mobile communication networks, such as Figure 1A The RAN 104 in 5G networks, the RANs of earlier 3G and 4G networks, and those of yet-to-be-specified future networks (e.g., 3GPP 6G networks). The NG-RAN implements the 5G radio access technology known as New Radio (NR) and may be configured to implement 4G radio access technology or other radio access technologies, including non-3GPP radio access technologies.

[0051] Figure 1B Another exemplary mobile communication network 150 is shown in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. The mobile communication network 150 may be, for example, a PLMN operated by a network operator. Figure 1B As shown in FIG, a mobile communication network 150 includes a 5G core network (5G-CN) 152, an NG-RAN 154, and UEs 156A and 156B (collectively referred to as UE 156). Figure 1A The corresponding components described herein are implemented and operate in the same or similar manner.

[0052] 5G-CN 152 provides an interface to one or more DNs, such as a public DN (e.g., the Internet), a private DN, and / or an operator's internal DN, to the UE 156. As part of the interface functionality, the 5G-CN 152 may set up an end-to-end connection between the UE 156 and the one or more DNs, authenticate the UE 156, and provide charging functionality. Compared to the CN of the 3GPP 4G network, the basis of the 5G-CN 152 may be a service-based architecture. This means that the architecture of the nodes that make up the 5G-CN 152 may be defined as network functions that provide services to other network functions via interfaces. The network functions of the 5G-CN 152 may be implemented in several ways, including as network elements on dedicated or shared hardware, as software instances running on dedicated or shared hardware, or as virtualized functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud-based platform).

[0053] like Figure 1B As shown in FIG, 5G-CN 152 includes an access and mobility management function (AMF) 158A and a user plane function (UPF) 158B, which are not shown in FIG. Figure 1BIn the figure, they are shown as one component AMF / UPF 158. UPF 158B can act as a gateway between NG-RAN 154 and one or more DNs. UPF 158B can perform functions such as: packet routing and forwarding, packet inspection and user plane policy rule enforcement, service usage reporting, uplink classification to support routing of service flows to one or more DNs, user plane quality of service (QoS) processing (e.g., packet filtering, gating, uplink / downlink rate enforcement and uplink service verification), downlink packet buffering and downlink data notification triggering. UPF 158B can act as an anchor point for intra / inter-radio access technology (RAT) mobility, an external protocol (or packet) data unit (PDU) session point interconnected with the one or more DNs and / or a fulcrum to support multi-homed PDU sessions. UE 156 can be configured to receive services through a PDU session, which is a logical connection between the UE and the DN.

[0054] The AMF 158A may perform functions such as: non-access stratum (NAS) signaling termination, NAS signaling security, access stratum (AS) security control, inter-CN node signaling for mobility between 3GPP access networks, idle mode UE reachability (e.g., control and execution of paging retransmissions), registration area management, intra-system and inter-system mobility support, access authentication, access authorization including roaming rights verification, mobility management control (subscription and policy), network slicing support and / or session management function (SMF) selection. NAS may refer to a function operating between the CN and the UE, and AS may refer to a function operating between the UE and the RAN.

[0055] 5G-CN 152 may include Figure 1B . For example, the 5G-CN 152 may include one or more of the following: a session management function (SMF), an NR repository function (NRF), a policy control function (PCF), a network exposure function (NEF), a unified data management (UDM), an application function (AF), and / or an authentication server function (AUSF).

[0056] The NG-RAN 154 can connect the 5G-CN 152 to the UE 156 via radio communications over the air interface. The NG-RAN 154 may include one or more gNBs, such as gNB 160A and gNB 160B (collectively, gNB 160), and / or one or more ng-eNBs, such as ng-eNB 162A and ng-eNB 162B (collectively, ng-eNB 162). gNBs 160 and ng-eNB 162 may be more generally referred to as base stations. gNBs 160 and ng-eNB 162 may include one or more antennas for communicating with the UE 156 over the air interface. For example, one or more gNBs in gNB 160 and / or one or more ng-eNBs in ng-eNB 162 may include three antennas to control three cells (or sectors), respectively. The cells of gNB 160 and ng-eNB 162 may together provide radio coverage to UE 156 over a wide geographic area to support UE mobility.

[0057] like Figure 1B As shown in FIG, gNB 160 and / or ng-eNB 162 may be connected to 5G-CN 152 via an NG interface and to other base stations via an Xn interface. The NG and Xn interfaces may be established using direct physical connections and / or indirect connections through underlying transport networks, such as Internet Protocol (IP) transport networks. gNB 160 and / or ng-eNB 162 may be connected to UE 156 via a Uu interface. For example, Figure 1B As shown in FIG, gNB 160A can be connected to UE 156A via a Uu interface. The NG, Xn, and Uu interfaces are associated with a protocol stack. The protocol stack associated with the interface can be composed of Figure 1B Network elements in a network exchange data and signaling messages and may include two planes: the user plane and the control plane. The user plane processes data of interest to users, while the control plane processes signaling messages of interest to network elements.

[0058] The gNB 160 and / or ng-eNB 162 may be connected to one or more AMF / UPF functions of the 5G-CN 152, such as the AMF / UPF 158, via one or more NG interfaces. For example, the gNB 160A may be connected to the UPF 158B of the AMF / UPF 158 via an NG user plane (NG-U) interface. The NG-U interface may provide for delivery of user plane PDUs (e.g., non-guaranteed delivery) between the gNB 160A and the UPF 158B. The gNB 160A may be connected to the AMF 158A via an NG control plane (NG-C) interface. The NG-C interface may provide, for example, NG interface management, UE context management, UE mobility management, delivery of NAS messages, paging, PDU session management, and configuration delivery and / or warning message transmission.

[0059] The gNB 160 can provide NR user plane and control plane protocol termination to the UE 156 via a Uu interface. For example, the gNB 160A can provide NR user plane and control plane protocol termination to the UE 156A via a Uu interface associated with the first protocol stack. The ng-eNB 162 can provide Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) user plane and control plane protocol termination to the UE 156 via a Uu interface, where E-UTRA refers to a 3GPP 4G radio access technology. For example, the ng-eNB 162B can provide E-UTRA user plane and control plane protocol termination to the UE 156B via a Uu interface associated with the second protocol stack.

[0060] The 5G-CN 152 is described as being configured to handle both NR and 4G radio access. One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that it is possible for NR to be connected to a 4G core network in a mode known as "non-standalone operation." In non-standalone operation, the 4G core network is used to provide (or at least support) control plane functions (e.g., initial access, mobility, and paging). Although Figure 1B Only one AMF / UPF 158 is shown in the figure, but one gNB or ng-eNB can be connected to multiple AMF / UPF nodes to provide redundancy and / or load sharing across the multiple AMF / UPF nodes.

[0061] As discussed, Figure 1B The interfaces between network elements in a network (e.g., Uu, Xn, and NG interfaces) can be associated with a protocol stack used by the network elements to exchange data and signaling messages. The protocol stack can include two planes: the user plane and the control plane. The user plane can handle data of interest to users, while the control plane can handle signaling messages of interest to network elements.

[0062] Figure 2A and Figure 2B Examples of NR user plane and NR control plane protocol stacks for the Uu interface between UE 210 and gNB 220 are shown, respectively. Figure 2A and Figure 2B The protocol stack shown in can be used with e.g. Figure 1B The protocol stacks of the Uu interface between UE 156A and gNB 160A shown in FIG are the same or similar.

[0063] Figure 2A The NR user plane protocol stack is shown, including five layers implemented in the UE 210 and the gNB 220. At the bottom of the protocol stack, the physical layers (PHY) 211 and 221 can provide transport services to the higher layers of the protocol stack and can correspond to Layer 1 of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. The next four protocols above the PHYs 211 and 221 include the medium access control layer (MAC) 212 and 222, the radio link control layer (RLC) 213 and 223, the packet data convergence protocol layer (PDCP) 214 and 224, and the service data application protocol layer (SDAP) 215 and 225. Together, these four protocols can constitute Layer 2, or the data link layer, of the OSI model.

[0064] Figure 3 An example of services provided between protocol layers of the NR user plane protocol stack is shown. Figure 2A and Figure 3 Starting from the top, SDAPs 215 and 225 can perform QoS flow processing. UE 210 can receive services via a PDU session, which can be a logical connection between UE 210 and a DN. A PDU session can have one or more QoS flows. The CN's UPF (e.g., UPF 158B) can map IP packets to one or more QoS flows of the PDU session based on QoS requirements (e.g., in terms of latency, data rate, and / or error rate). SDAPs 215 and 225 can perform mapping / demapping between the one or more QoS flows and one or more data radio bearers. The mapping / demapping between QoS flows and data radio bearers can be determined by SDAP 225 at gNB 220. SDAP 215 at UE 210 can learn the mapping between QoS flows and data radio bearers through reflective mapping or control signaling received from gNB 220. For reflective mapping, the SDAP 225 at the gNB 220 may mark downlink packets with a QoS flow indicator (QFI), which may be observed by the SDAP 215 at the UE 210 to determine the mapping / demapping between QoS flows and data radio bearers.

[0065] PDCPs 214 and 224 can perform header compression / decompression to reduce the amount of data transmitted over the air interface, encryption / decryption to prevent unauthorized decoding of data transmitted over the air interface, and integrity protection to ensure that control messages originate from the intended source. PDCPs 214 and 224 can also perform retransmission of undelivered packets, in-sequence delivery and reordering of packets, and removal of duplicate packets received due to, for example, intra-gNB handovers. PDCPs 214 and 224 can also perform packet repetition to increase the likelihood of packet reception and remove any duplicate packets at the receiver. Packet repetition can be suitable for services requiring high reliability.

[0066] although Figure 3 Not shown, but PDCP 214 and 224 can perform mapping / demapping between split radio bearers and RLC channels in dual connectivity scenarios. Dual connectivity is a technology that allows a UE to connect to two cells or more generally to two cell groups: a primary cell group (MCG) and a secondary cell group (SCG). Split bearers are split bearers when a single radio bearer (such as one of the radio bearers provided by PDCP 214 and 224 as a service to SDAP 215 and 225) is handled by a cell group in dual connectivity. PDCP 214 and 224 can map / demapped split radio bearers between RLC channels belonging to a cell group.

[0067] RLC 213 and 223 can perform segmentation, retransmission via automatic repeat request (ARQ), and removal of duplicate data units received from MAC 212 and 222, respectively. RLC 213 and 223 can support three transmission modes: transparent mode (TM); unacknowledged mode (UM); and acknowledged mode (AM). Based on the transmission mode in which the RLC is operating, the RLC can perform one or more of the functions described. RLC configuration can be on a per-logical channel basis, independent of parameter sets and / or transmission time interval (TTI) durations. Figure 3 As shown in FIG, RLC 213 and 223 may provide RLC channels as services to PDCP 214 and 224, respectively.

[0068] MACs 212 and 222 may perform multiplexing / demultiplexing of logical channels and / or mapping between logical channels and transport channels. Multiplexing / demultiplexing may include multiplexing / demultiplexing data units belonging to one or more logical channels into / from transport blocks (TBs) delivered to / from PHYs 211 and 221. MAC 222 may be configured to perform scheduling, scheduling information reporting, and priority handling between UEs using dynamic scheduling. Scheduling may be performed in gNB 220 (at MAC 222) for both downlink and uplink. MACs 212 and 222 may be configured to perform error correction using hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) (e.g., one HARQ entity per carrier in the case of carrier aggregation (CA)), priority handling between logical channels of UE 210 using logical channel prioritization, and / or padding. MACs 212 and 222 may support one or more parameter sets and / or transmission timing. In an example, mapping restrictions in logical channel prioritization can control which parameter sets and / or transmission timings a logical channel can use. Figure 3 As shown, MAC 212 and 222 may provide logical channels as a service to RLC 213 and 223 .

[0069] PHY 211 and 221 can perform mapping of transport channels to physical channels and digital and analog signal processing functions for sending and receiving information over the air interface. These digital and analog signal processing functions may include, for example, encoding / decoding and modulation / demodulation. PHY 211 and 221 can perform multi-antenna mapping. Figure 3 As shown in , PHYs 211 and 221 may provide one or more transport channels as a service to MACs 212 and 222 .

[0070] Figure 4A An exemplary downlink data flow through the NR user plane protocol stack is shown. Figure 4A The figure shows the downlink data flow of three IP packets (n, n+1, and m) flowing through the NR user plane protocol stack to generate two TBs at the gNB 220. The uplink data flow flowing through the NR user plane protocol stack can be the same as Figure 4A The downlink data flow is similar to that depicted in .

[0071] Figure 4A The downlink data flow of starts when the SDAP 225 receives three IP packets from one or more QoS flows and maps the three packets to radio bearers. Figure 4A In the SDAP header (in Figure 4AThe data unit from / to a higher protocol layer is called a service data unit (SDU) of the lower protocol layer, and the data unit to / from a lower protocol layer is called a protocol data unit (PDU) of the higher protocol layer. Figure 4A As shown in , the data units from SDAP 225 are SDUs of the lower protocol layer PDCP 224 and are PDUs of SDAP 225 .

[0072] Figure 4A The remaining protocol layers in the Figure 3 ), add the corresponding headers and forward their corresponding output to the next lower layer. For example, PDCP 224 may perform IP header compression and encryption and forward its output to RLC 223. RLC 223 may optionally perform segmentation (e.g., Figure 4A 2) and forwards its output to the MAC 222. The MAC 222 may multiplex many RLC PDUs and may append MAC subheaders to the RLC PDUs to form a transport block. In NR, MAC subheaders may be distributed throughout the MAC PDUs, as shown in FIG. Figure 4A In LTE, the MAC subheader can be located entirely at the beginning of the MAC PDU. The NR MAC PDU structure can reduce processing time and associated latency because the MAC PDU subheader can be calculated before assembling the complete MAC PDU.

[0073] Figure 4B An exemplary format of a MAC subheader in a MAC PDU is shown. The MAC subheader includes: an SDU length field for indicating the length (e.g., in bytes) of the MAC SDU to which the MAC subheader corresponds; a logical channel identifier (LCID) field for identifying the logical channel from which the MAC SDU originates to assist in the demultiplexing process; a flag (F) for indicating the size of the SDU length field; and a reserved bit (R) field for future use.

[0074] Figure 4B Further shown is a MAC Control Element (CE) inserted into the MAC PDU by a MAC, such as MAC 223 or MAC 222. For example, Figure 4B Two MAC CEs are shown inserted into the MAC PDU. Figure 4B) and inserting a MAC CE at the end of a MAC PDU for uplink transmission. MAC CE may be used for in-band control signaling. Exemplary MAC CEs include: scheduling-related MAC CEs, such as buffer status report and power headroom report; activation / deactivation MAC CEs, such as those used for PDCP duplicate detection, channel state information (CSI) reporting, sounding reference signal (SRS) transmission, and activation / deactivation of previously configured components; discontinuous reception (DRX)-related MAC CEs; timing advance MAC CEs; and random access-related MAC CEs. A MAC subheader having a format similar to that described with respect to a MAC SDU may precede the MAC CE, and the MAC CE may be identified with a reserved value in the LCID field that indicates the type of control information included in the MAC CE.

[0075] Before describing the NR control plane protocol stack, we first describe the mapping between logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels, as well as channel types. One or more of these channels can be used to perform functions associated with the NR control plane protocol stack described later below.

[0076] Figure 5A and Figure 5B The mapping between logical channels, transport channels and physical channels is shown for downlink and uplink respectively. Information is passed through channels between RLC, MAC and PHY of the NR protocol stack. Logical channels can be used between RLC and MAC and can be classified as control channels that carry control and configuration information in the NR control plane, or as traffic channels that carry data in the NR user plane. Logical channels can be classified as dedicated logical channels dedicated to a specific UE, or as common logical channels that can be used by more than one UE. Logical channels can also be defined by the type of information they carry. The set of logical channels defined by NR includes, for example:

[0077] - Paging Control Channel (PCCH), which is used to carry paging messages used to page UEs whose locations are unknown to the network at the cell level;

[0078] - Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH), which is used to carry system information messages in the form of a Master Information Block (MIB) and several System Information Blocks (SIBs), which can be used by UEs to obtain information about how a cell is configured and how it operates within the cell;

[0079] - Common Control Channel (CCCH), which is used to carry control messages and random access;

[0080] - a dedicated control channel (DCCH), which is used to carry control messages to / from a specific UE to configure that UE; and

[0081] - Dedicated Traffic Channel (DTCH), which is used to carry user data to / from a specific UE.

[0082] Transport channels are used between the MAC layer and the PHY layer and can be defined by how the information they carry is transmitted over the air interface. The set of transport channels defined by NR includes, for example:

[0083] - Paging Channel (PCH), which is used to carry paging messages originating from PCCH;

[0084] - Broadcast Channel (BCH), which is used to carry the MIB from the BCCH;

[0085] - Downlink Shared Channel (DL-SCH), which is used to carry downlink data and signaling messages, including SIBs from BCCH;

[0086] - Uplink Shared Channel (UL-SCH), which is used to carry uplink data and signaling messages; and

[0087] - Random Access Channel (RACH), which is used to allow a UE to contact the network without any previous scheduling.

[0088] The PHY may use physical channels to pass information between processing levels of the PHY. A physical channel may have a set of associated time-frequency resources for carrying information for one or more transport channels. The PHY may generate control information to support the low-level operation of the PHY and provide control information to the lower levels of the PHY via physical control channels (referred to as L1 / L2 control channels). The set of physical channels and physical control channels defined by NR includes, for example:

[0089] - Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), which is used to carry the MIB from the BCH;

[0090] - Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), which is used to carry downlink data and signaling messages from DL-SCH and paging messages from PCH;

[0091] - Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), which is used to carry downlink control information (DCI), which may include downlink scheduling commands, uplink scheduling grants, and uplink power control commands;

[0092] - Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), which is used to carry uplink data and signaling messages from the UL-SCH, and in some cases uplink control information (UCI) as described below;

[0093] - Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), which is used to carry UCI, which may include HARQ acknowledgment, channel quality indicator (CQI), precoding matrix indicator (PMI), rank indicator (RI), and scheduling request (SR); and

[0094] - Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), which is used for random access.

[0095] Similar to the physical control channel, the physical layer generates physical signals to support the low-level operations of the physical layer. Figure 5A and Figure 5B As shown in [1], the physical layer signals defined by NR include: Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS), Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), and Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PT-RS). These physical layer signals will be described in more detail below.

[0096] Figure 2B An exemplary NR control plane protocol stack is shown. Figure 2B As shown in , the NR control plane protocol stack may use the same / similar first four protocol layers as the exemplary NR user plane protocol stack. These four protocol layers include PHY 211 and 221, MAC 212 and 222, RLC 213 and 223, and PDCP 214 and 224. Instead of having SDAP 215 and 225 at the top of the stack as in the NR user plane protocol stack, the NR control plane protocol stack instead has radio resource control (RRC) 216 and 226 and NAS protocols 217 and 237 at the top of the NR control plane protocol stack.

[0097] The NAS protocols 217 and 237 may provide control plane functionality between the UE 210 and the AMF 230 (e.g., AMF 158A), or more generally between the UE 210 and the CN. The NAS protocols 217 and 237 may provide control plane functionality between the UE 210 and the AMF 230 via signaling messages known as NAS messages. There is no direct path between the UE 210 and the AMF 230 through which NAS messages may be transmitted. NAS messages may be transmitted using the AS of the Uu and NG interfaces. The NAS protocols 217 and 237 may provide control plane functionality such as authentication, security, connection setup, mobility management, and session management.

[0098] RRCs 216 and 226 may provide control plane functionality between UE 210 and gNB 220, or more generally, between UE 210 and the RAN. RRCs 216 and 226 may provide control plane functionality between UE 210 and gNB 220 via signaling messages, referred to as RRC messages. RRC messages may be transported between UE 210 and the RAN using signaling radio bearers and the same / similar PDCP, RLC, MAC, and PHY protocol layers. MAC may multiplex control plane and user plane data into the same transport block (TB). The RRC 216 and 226 may provide control plane functions such as: broadcast of system information related to the AS and NAS; paging initiated by the CN or RAN; establishment, maintenance, and release of an RRC connection between the UE 210 and the RAN; security functions including key management; establishment, configuration, maintenance, and release of signaling radio bearers and data radio bearers; mobility functions; QoS management functions; UE measurement reporting and control of the reporting; detection of radio link failure (RLF) and recovery from radio link failure; and / or NAS messaging. As part of establishing an RRC connection, the RRC 216 and 226 may establish an RRC context, which may involve configuring parameters for communication between the UE 210 and the RAN.

[0099] Figure 6 is an example diagram showing the RRC state transition of the UE. Figure 1A The wireless device 106 depicted in Figure 2A and Figure 2B The UE 210 depicted in FIG or any other wireless device described in this disclosure is the same or similar. Figure 6 As shown in FIG, a UE may be in at least one of three RRC states: RRC connected 602 (eg, RRC_CONNECTED), RRC idle 604 (eg, RRC_IDLE), and RRC inactive 606 (eg, RRC_INACTIVE).

[0100] In RRC connection 602, the UE has an established RRC context and may have at least one RRC connection with a base station. The base station may be similar to one of the following: Figure 1A The one or more base stations included in the RAN 104 depicted in FIG; Figure 1B One of the gNB 160 or ng-eNB 162 depicted in FIG; Figure 2A and Figure 2Bor any other base station described in the present disclosure. A base station connected to a UE may have an RRC context for the UE. The RRC context, referred to as the UE context, may include parameters used for communication between the UE and the base station. These parameters may include, for example: one or more AS contexts; one or more radio link configuration parameters; bearer configuration information (e.g., relating to data radio bearers, signaling radio bearers, logical channels, QoS flows, and / or PDU sessions); security information; and / or PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, and / or SDAP layer configuration information. While in RRC connection 602, the UE's mobility may be managed by a RAN (e.g., RAN 104 or NG-RAN 154). The UE may measure signal levels (e.g., reference signal levels) from a serving cell and neighboring cells and report these measurements to the base station currently serving the UE. The UE's serving base station may request handover to a cell of one of the neighboring base stations based on the reported measurements. The RRC state may transition from RRC connected 602 to RRC idle 604 via a connection release procedure 608 , or to RRC inactive 606 via a connection deactivation procedure 610 .

[0101] In RRC Idle 604, an RRC context may not be established for the UE. In RRC Idle 604, the UE may not have an RRC connection with a base station. While in RRC Idle 604, the UE may be in a sleep state most of the time (e.g., to conserve battery power). The UE may periodically wake up (e.g., once per discontinuous reception cycle) to monitor for paging messages from the RAN. The UE's mobility may be managed by the UE through a procedure known as cell reselection. The RRC state may transition from RRC Idle 604 to RRC Connected 602 through a connection establishment procedure 612, which may involve a random access procedure, as discussed in more detail below.

[0102] In RRC Inactive 606, the previously established RRC context is maintained in the UE and the base station. This allows for a quick transition to RRC Connected 602 with reduced signaling overhead compared to the transition from RRC Idle 604 to RRC Connected 602. While in RRC Inactive 606, the UE may be in a sleep state, and the UE's mobility may be managed by the UE through cell reselection. The RRC state may transition from RRC Inactive 606 to RRC Connected 602 via a Connection Resumption Procedure 614, or to RRC Idle 604 via a Connection Release Procedure 616, which may be the same as or similar to the Connection Release Procedure 608.

[0103] The RRC state can be associated with mobility management mechanisms. In RRC Idle 604 and RRC Inactive 606, mobility is managed by the UE through cell reselection. The purpose of mobility management in RRC Idle 604 and RRC Inactive 606 is to allow the network to notify the UE of events via paging messages without having to broadcast paging messages across the entire mobile communications network. The mobility management mechanisms used in RRC Idle 604 and RRC Inactive 606 can allow the network to track the UE at a cell group level, so that paging messages can be broadcast to cells in the cell group in which the UE is currently residing, rather than across the entire mobile communications network. The mobility management mechanisms used in RRC Idle 604 and RRC Inactive 606 track the UE at a cell group level. These mobility management mechanisms can do so using groupings of different granularities. For example, there can be three levels of cell grouping granularity: individual cells; cells within a RAN area identified by a RAN Area Identifier (RAI); and cells within a group of RAN areas, known as tracking areas and identified by a Tracking Area Identifier (TAI).

[0104] Tracking areas can be used to track UEs at the CN level. The CN (e.g., CN 102 or 5G-CN 152) can provide the UE with a list of TAIs associated with the UE's registration area. If the UE moves to a cell associated with a TAI that is not included in the list of TAIs associated with the UE's registration area through cell reselection, the UE can perform a registration update on the CN to allow the CN to update the UE's location and provide the UE with a new UE registration area.

[0105] RAN areas can be used to track UEs at the RAN level. For a UE in the RRC Inactive 606 state, a RAN notification area can be assigned to the UE. The RAN notification area can include one or more cell identities, a list of RAIs, or a list of TAIs. In an example, a base station can belong to one or more RAN notification areas. In an example, a cell can belong to one or more RAN notification areas. If a UE moves to a cell not included in the RAN notification area assigned to the UE through cell reselection, the UE can perform a notification area update on the RAN to update the UE's RAN notification area.

[0106] The base station that stores the RRC context for the UE or the last serving base station of the UE may be referred to as the anchor base station. The anchor base station may maintain the RRC context for the UE at least for the period of time that the UE remains in the RAN notification area of ​​the anchor base station and / or for the period of time that the UE remains in RRC inactivity 606.

[0107] gNBs, such as Figure 1BThe gNB 160 in the LTE network can be divided into two parts: a central unit (gNB-CU) and one or more distributed units (gNB-DUs). The gNB-CU can be coupled to one or more gNB-DUs using the F1 interface. The gNB-CU can include RRC, PDCP, and SDAP. The gNB-DU can include RLC, MAC, and PHY.

[0108] In NR, physical signals and physical channels (about Figure 5A and Figure 5B Discussed) can be mapped onto orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. OFDM is a multi-carrier communication scheme that transmits data over F orthogonal subcarriers (or tones). Before transmission, the data can be mapped to a series of complex symbols called source symbols (e.g., M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) symbols or M-phase shift keying (M-PSK) symbols) and divided into F parallel symbol streams. The F parallel symbol streams can be treated as if they were in the frequency domain and used as input to an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) block that transforms them into the time domain. The IFFT block can take F source symbols at a time (one source symbol from each of the F parallel symbol streams) and use each source symbol to modulate the amplitude and phase of one of the F sinusoidal basis functions corresponding to the F orthogonal subcarriers. The output of the IFFT block can be F time domain samples representing the sum of the F orthogonal subcarriers. The F time domain samples can form a single OFDM symbol. After some processing (e.g., addition of a cyclic prefix) and up-conversion, the OFDM symbols provided by the IFFT block can be transmitted over the air interface at the carrier frequency. The F parallel symbol streams can be mixed using the FFT block before being processed by the IFFT block. This operation produces discrete Fourier transform (DFT) precoded OFDM symbols that can be used by the UE in the uplink to reduce the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). The FFT block can be used to perform inverse processing on the OFDM symbols at the receiver to recover the data mapped to the source symbols.

[0109] Figure 7 An exemplary configuration of an NR frame into which OFDM symbols are grouped is shown. An NR frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN). The SFN may repeat for a period of 1024 frames. As shown, an NR frame may have a duration of 10 milliseconds (ms) and may include 10 subframes of 1 ms duration. A subframe may be divided into time slots, each of which may include, for example, 14 OFDM symbols.

[0110] The duration of a timeslot may depend on the parameter set used for the OFDM symbol of the timeslot. In NR, flexible parameter sets are supported to accommodate different cell deployments (e.g., cells with carrier frequencies below 1 GHz, up to cells with carrier frequencies in the mmWave range). Parameter sets may be defined in terms of subcarrier spacing and cyclic prefix duration. For parameter sets in NR, the subcarrier spacing may be scaled up by powers of two from a baseline subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz, and the cyclic prefix duration may be scaled down by powers of two from a baseline cyclic prefix duration of 4.7 μs. For example, NR defines parameter sets with the following subcarrier spacing / cyclic prefix duration combinations: 15 kHz / 4.7 μs; 30 kHz / 2.3 μs; 60 kHz / 1.2 μs; 120 kHz / 0.59 μs; and 240 kHz / 0.29 μs.

[0111] A slot may have a fixed number of OFDM symbols (eg, 14 OFDM symbols). Parameter sets with higher subcarrier spacing have shorter slot durations and correspondingly more slots per subframe. Figure 7 The transmission structure of the time slot duration and time slot per subframe associated with the parameter set is shown (for ease of illustration, Figure 7 (The numerology with 240 kHz subcarrier spacing is not shown in the figure). The subframe in NR can be used as a time reference independent of the numerology, while the slot can be used as the unit for scheduling uplink and downlink transmissions. To support low latency, scheduling in NR can be decoupled from the slot duration and start at any OFDM symbol and continue for as many symbols as needed. These partial slot transmissions can be called mini-slots or sub-slot transmissions.

[0112] Figure 8 An exemplary configuration of time slots in the time and frequency domains of an NR carrier is shown. The time slots include resource elements (REs) and resource blocks (RBs). REs are the smallest physical resources in NR. REs span one OFDM symbol in the time domain through one subcarrier in the frequency domain, as shown in Figure 1. Figure 8 As shown in . RB spans twelve consecutive REs in the frequency domain, as Figure 8 As shown. The NR carrier can be limited to a width of 275RBs or 275×12=3300 subcarriers. If this restriction is used, the NR carrier can be limited to 50MHz, 100MHz, 200MHz and 400MHz for subcarrier spacing of 15kHz, 30kHz, 60kHz and 120kHz, respectively, where the 400MHz bandwidth can be set based on the 400MHz bandwidth limit per carrier.

[0113] Figure 8A single parameter set is shown as being used across the entire bandwidth of the NR carrier. In other example configurations, multiple parameter sets may be supported on the same carrier.

[0114] NR can support wide carrier bandwidths (e.g., up to 400 MHz for a 120 kHz subcarrier spacing). Not all UEs may be able to receive the full carrier bandwidth (e.g., due to hardware limitations). Moreover, receiving the full carrier bandwidth may be prohibitive in terms of UE power consumption. In an example, to reduce power consumption and / or for other purposes, the UE can adapt the size of the UE's receive bandwidth based on the amount of traffic the UE plans to receive. This is called bandwidth adaptation.

[0115] NR defines bandwidth parts (BWPs) to support UEs that cannot receive the full carrier bandwidth and to support bandwidth adaptation. In an example, a BWP can be defined by a subset of contiguous RBs on a carrier. The UE can be configured (e.g., via the RRC layer) with one or more downlink BWPs and one or more uplink BWPs per serving cell (e.g., up to four downlink BWPs and up to four uplink BWPs per serving cell). At a given time, one or more of the configured BWPs for a serving cell can be active. The one or more BWPs can be referred to as the active BWPs of the serving cell. When a serving cell is configured with a secondary uplink carrier, the serving cell can have one or more first active BWPs in the uplink carrier and one or more second active BWPs in the secondary uplink carrier.

[0116] For unpaired spectrum, a downlink BWP from the set of configured downlink BWPs may be linked with an uplink BWP from the set of configured uplink BWPs if the downlink BWP index of the downlink BWP is the same as the uplink BWP index of the uplink BWP. For unpaired spectrum, the UE may expect the center frequency of the downlink BWP to be the same as the center frequency of the uplink BWP.

[0117] For a downlink BWP in the set of configured downlink BWPs on a primary cell (PCell), the base station can configure a UE with one or more control resource sets (CORESETs) for at least one search space. A search space is a set of locations in the time and frequency domain where a UE can search for control information. A search space can be a UE-specific search space or a common search space (potentially usable by multiple UEs). For example, the base station can configure a common search space for a UE on a PCell or a primary / secondary cell (PSCell) in an active downlink BWP.

[0118] For an uplink BWP in the set of configured uplink BWPs, the BS may configure one or more resource sets for the UE for one or more PUCCH transmissions. The UE may receive downlink transmissions (e.g., PDCCH or PDSCH) in the downlink BWP based on the configured parameter set for the downlink BWP (e.g., subcarrier spacing and cyclic prefix duration). The UE may transmit uplink transmissions (e.g., PUCCH or PUSCH) in the uplink BWP based on the configured parameter set (e.g., subcarrier spacing and cyclic prefix length of the uplink BWP).

[0119] One or more BWP indicator fields may be provided in downlink control information (DCI). The value of the BWP indicator field may indicate which BWP in a set of configured BWPs is the active downlink BWP for one or more downlink receptions. The value of the one or more BWP indicator fields may indicate the active uplink BWP for one or more uplink transmissions.

[0120] The base station can semi-statically configure a default downlink BWP for the UE within the set of configured downlink BWPs associated with the PCell. If the base station does not provide a default downlink BWP to the UE, the default downlink BWP can be the initial active downlink BWP. The UE can determine which BWP is the initial active downlink BWP based on the CORESET configuration obtained using the PBCH.

[0121] The base station may configure the BWP inactivity timer value for the PCell for the UE. The UE may start or restart the BWP inactivity timer at any appropriate time. For example, the UE may start or restart the BWP inactivity timer in the following circumstances: (a) when the UE detects a DCI indicating an active downlink BWP other than the default downlink BWP for paired spectrum operation; or (b) when the UE detects a DCI indicating an active downlink BWP or an active uplink BWP other than the default downlink BWP or uplink BWP for unpaired spectrum operation. If the UE does not detect the DCI within a time interval (e.g., 1 ms or 0.5 ms), the UE may run the BWP inactivity timer towards expiration (e.g., incrementing the BWP inactivity timer value from zero to, or decrementing the BWP inactivity timer value from zero). When the BWP inactivity timer expires, the UE may switch from the active downlink BWP to the default downlink BWP.

[0122] In an example, the base station may semi-statically configure the UE with one or more BWPs. The UE may switch the active BWP from the first BWP to the second BWP in response to receiving a DCI indicating that the second BWP is the active BWP and / or in response to expiration of a BWP inactivity timer (e.g., when the second BWP is the default BWP).

[0123] Downlink and uplink BWP switching can be performed independently in paired spectrum (where BWP switching refers to switching from the currently active BWP to the non-currently active BWP). In unpaired spectrum, downlink and uplink BWP switching can be performed simultaneously. Switching between configured BWPs can occur based on RRC signaling, DCI, expiration of the BWP inactivity timer, and / or initiation of random access.

[0124] Figure 9 An example of bandwidth adaptation using three configured BWPs of an NR carrier is shown. A UE configured with three BWPs can switch from one BWP to another at a switching point. Figure 9 In the example shown in , the BWPs include: BWP 902, which has a bandwidth of 40 MHz and a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz; BWP 904, which has a bandwidth of 10 MHz and a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz; and BWP 906, which has a bandwidth of 20 MHz and a subcarrier spacing of 60 kHz. BWP 902 may be the initial active BWP, and BWP 904 may be the default BWP. The UE may switch between BWPs at a switching point. Figure 9 In the example shown in FIG. 1 , the UE may switch from BWP 902 to BWP 904 at switch point 908. The switch at switch point 908 may occur for any suitable reason, such as in response to expiration of a BWP inactivity timer (indicating a switch to a default BWP) and / or in response to receiving a DCI indicating that BWP 904 is the active BWP. The UE may switch from active BWP 904 to BWP 906 at switch point 910 in response to receiving a DCI indicating that BWP 906 is the active BWP. The UE may switch from active BWP 906 to BWP 904 at switch point 912 in response to expiration of a BWP inactivity timer and / or in response to receiving a DCI indicating that BWP 904 is the active BWP. The UE may switch from active BWP 904 to BWP 902 at switch point 914 in response to receiving a DCI indicating that BWP 902 is the active BWP.

[0125] If the UE is configured for a secondary cell with a default downlink BWP and timer values ​​from the configured set of downlink BWPs, the UE procedures for switching the BWP on the secondary cell may be the same / similar to those on the primary cell. For example, the UE may use the timer values ​​and default downlink BWP of the secondary cell in the same / similar manner as the UE would use these values ​​for the primary cell.

[0126] To provide higher data rates, carrier aggregation (CA) can be used to aggregate two or more carriers and transmit them simultaneously to / from the same UE. The aggregated carriers in CA may be referred to as component carriers (CCs). When CA is used, there are many serving cells for the UE, one for each CC. CCs can have three configurations in the frequency domain.

[0127] Figure 10A Three CA configurations with two CCs are shown. In the intra-band contiguous configuration 1002, the two CCs are aggregated in the same frequency band (Band A) and are located directly adjacent to each other within the band. In the intra-band non-contiguous configuration 1004, the two CCs are aggregated in the same frequency band (Band A) and are separated by a gap within the band. In the inter-band configuration 1006, the two CCs are located in frequency bands (Band A and Band B).

[0128] In an example, up to 32 CCs can be aggregated. Aggregated CCs can have the same or different bandwidths, subcarrier spacing, and / or duplexing schemes (TDD or FDD). A serving cell for a UE using CA can have downlink CCs. For FDD, one or more uplink CCs can optionally be configured for the serving cell. For example, the ability to aggregate more downlink carriers than uplink carriers can be useful when the UE has more data traffic in the downlink than in the uplink.

[0129] When CA is used, one of the aggregated cells for a UE may be referred to as a primary cell (PCell). The PCell may be the serving cell to which the UE initially connects at RRC connection establishment, reestablishment, and / or handover. The PCell may provide NAS mobility information and security input to the UE. The UE may have different PCells. In the downlink, the carrier corresponding to the PCell may be referred to as a downlink primary CC (DL PCC). In the uplink, the carrier corresponding to the PCell may be referred to as an uplink primary CC (UL PCC). Other aggregated cells for the UE may be referred to as secondary cells (SCells). In an example, the SCell may be configured after the PCell is configured for the UE. For example, the SCell may be configured through an RRC connection reconfiguration procedure. In the downlink, the carrier corresponding to the SCell may be referred to as a downlink secondary CC (DL SCC). In the uplink, the carrier corresponding to the SCell may be referred to as an uplink secondary CC (UL SCC).

[0130] The configured SCell for a UE can be activated and deactivated based on, for example, traffic and channel conditions. Deactivation of an SCell can mean stopping PDCCH and PDSCH reception on the SCell, and stopping PUSCH, SRS, and CQI transmission on the SCell. Figure 4B The configured SCells may be activated and deactivated using a MAC CE. For example, the MAC CE may use a bitmap (e.g., one bit per SCell) to indicate which SCells (e.g., a subset of the configured SCells) are activated or deactivated for the UE. The configured SCells may be deactivated in response to the expiration of an SCell deactivation timer (e.g., one SCell deactivation timer per SCell).

[0131] The downlink control information of a cell (such as scheduling assignments and scheduling grants) can be transmitted on the cell corresponding to the assignment and grant, which is called self-scheduling. The DCI of a cell can be transmitted on another cell, which is called cross-carrier scheduling. The uplink control information for the aggregated cell (e.g., HARQ confirmation and channel state feedback, such as CQI, PMI and / or RI) can be transmitted on the PUCCH of the PCell. For a large number of aggregated downlink CCs, the PUCCH of the PCell may become overloaded. The cell can be divided into multiple PUCCH groups.

[0132] Figure 10B An example of how aggregated cells can be configured into one or more PUCCH groups is shown. PUCCH group 1010 and PUCCH group 1050 may each include one or more downlink CCs. Figure 10B In the example of FIG, PUCCH group 1010 includes three downlink CCs: PCell 1011, SCell 1012, and SCell 1013. PUCCH group 1050 in this example includes three downlink CCs: PCell 1051, SCell 1052, and SCell 1053. One or more uplink CCs may be configured as PCell 1021, SCell 1022, and SCell 1023. One or more other uplink CCs may be configured as primary Scell ​​(PSCell) 1061, SCell 1062, and SCell 1063. Uplink control information (UCI) related to the downlink CCs of PUCCH group 1010 (shown as UCI 1031, UCI 1032, and UCI 1033) may be transmitted in the uplink of PCell 1021. Uplink control information (UCI) related to the downlink CCs of PUCCH group 1050 (shown as UCI 1071, UCI 1072, and UCI 1073) may be transmitted in the uplink of PSCell 1061. In this example, if Figure 10B If the aggregated cell depicted in FIG is not divided into PUCCH group 1010 and PUCCH group 1050, a single uplink PCell transmits UCI associated with the downlink CC, and the PCell may become overloaded. Overload can be prevented by dividing the transmission of UCI between PCell 1021 and PSCell 1061.

[0133] A physical cell ID and a cell index may be assigned to a cell comprising a downlink carrier and an optional uplink carrier. The physical cell ID or cell index may identify the downlink carrier and / or uplink carrier of the cell, for example, depending on the context in which the physical cell ID is used. The physical cell ID may be determined using a synchronization signal transmitted on a downlink component carrier. The cell index may be determined using an RRC message. In the present disclosure, the physical cell ID may be referred to as a carrier ID, and the cell index may be referred to as a carrier index. For example, when the present disclosure relates to a first physical cell ID of a first downlink carrier, the present disclosure may mean that the first physical cell ID is used for a cell comprising the first downlink carrier. The same / similar concepts may apply, for example, to carrier activation. When the present disclosure indicates that a first carrier is activated, the present specification may mean that a cell comprising the first carrier is activated.

[0134] In carrier aggregation, the multi-carrier nature of the PHY can be exposed to the MAC. In an example, the HARQ entity can operate on the serving cell. Transport blocks can be generated based on the assignment / grant of each serving cell. Transport blocks and potential HARQ retransmissions of the transport blocks can be mapped to the serving cell.

[0135] In the downlink, the base station may transmit (e.g., unicast, multicast, and / or broadcast) one or more reference signals (RS) to the UE (e.g., PSS, SSS, CSI-RS, DMRS, and / or PT-RS, such as Figure 5A In the uplink, the UE may transmit one or more RSs to the base station (e.g., DMRS, PT-RS, and / or SRS, as shown in FIG. Figure 5B (as shown). The PSS and SSS may be transmitted by a base station and used by a UE to synchronize the UE with the base station. The PSS and SSS may be provided in a synchronization signal (SS) / physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block that includes the PSS, SSS, and PBCH. The base station may periodically transmit bursts of SS / PBCH blocks.

[0136] Figure 11A An example of the structure and location of SS / PBCH blocks is shown. A burst of SS / PBCH blocks may include one or more SS / PBCH blocks (e.g., 4 SS / PBCH blocks, such as Figure 11A As shown). Bursts may be transmitted periodically (e.g., every 2 frames or 20ms). Bursts may be limited to half a frame (e.g., the first half frame having a duration of 5ms). It will be understood that Figure 11A are examples, and these parameters (number of SS / PBCH blocks per burst, periodicity of the burst, position of the burst within the frame) may be configured based on, for example: the carrier frequency of the cell in which the SS / PBCH blocks are transmitted; the parameter set or subcarrier spacing of the cell; configuration by the network (e.g., using RRC signaling); or any other suitable factor. In an example, the UE may assume the subcarrier spacing of the SS / PBCH blocks based on the carrier frequency being monitored unless the radio network configures the UE to assume a different subcarrier spacing.

[0137] SS / PBCH blocks may span one or more OFDM symbols in the time domain (e.g., 4 OFDM symbols, e.g., Figure 11A) and may span one or more subcarriers in the frequency domain (e.g., 240 consecutive subcarriers). The PSS, SSS, and PBCH may have a common center frequency. The PSS may be transmitted first and may span, for example, 1 OFDM symbol and 127 subcarriers. The SSS may be transmitted after the PSS (e.g., two symbols later) and may span 1 OFDM symbol and 127 subcarriers. The PBCH may be transmitted after the PSS (e.g., spanning the next 3 OFDM symbols) and may span 240 subcarriers.

[0138] The UE may not know the location of the SS / PBCH blocks in the time and frequency domain (for example, when the UE is searching for a cell). In order to find and select a cell, the UE may monitor the carrier of the PSS. For example, the UE may monitor the frequency position within the carrier. If no PSS is found after a certain duration (for example, 20ms), the UE may search for the PSS at different frequency positions within the carrier, as indicated by the synchronization raster. If the PSS is found at a certain position in the time and frequency domain, the UE may determine the location of the SSS and PBCH based on the known structure of the SS / PBCH block, respectively. The SS / PBCH block may be a cell definition SS block (CD-SSB). In an example, a primary cell may be associated with a CD-SSB. The CD-SSB may be located on the synchronization raster. In an example, cell selection / search and / or reselection may be based on the CD-SSB.

[0139] The SS / PBCH block can be used by the UE to determine one or more parameters of the cell. For example, the UE can determine the physical cell identifier (PCI) of the cell based on the sequence of the PSS and SSS, respectively. The UE can determine the location of the cell's frame boundary based on the location of the SS / PBCH block. For example, the SS / PBCH block can indicate that it has been transmitted according to a transmission pattern in which the SS / PBCH block is a known distance from the frame boundary.

[0140] The PBCH may use QPSK modulation and forward error correction (FEC). FEC may use polarity coding. One or more symbols spanned by the PBCH may carry one or more DMRS for demodulating the PBCH. The PBCH may include an indication of the current system frame number (SFN) of the cell and / or an SS / PBCH block timing index. These parameters may facilitate time synchronization between the UE and the base station. The PBCH may include a master information block (MIB) for providing one or more parameters to the UE. The MIB may be used by the UE to locate the remaining minimum system information (RMSI) associated with the cell. The RMSI may include a system information block type 1 (SIB1). SIB1 may contain information required for the UE to access the cell. The UE may use one or more parameters of the MIB to monitor the PDCCH that may be used to schedule the PDSCH. The PDSCH may include SIB1. SIB1 may be decoded using the parameters provided in the MIB. The PBCH may indicate that SIB1 does not exist. Based on the PBCH indicating that SIB1 does not exist, the UE may point to a frequency. The UE may search for SS / PBCH blocks at the frequency to which the UE is pointed.

[0141] The UE may assume that one or more SS / PBCH blocks transmitted with the same SS / PBCH block index are quasi-co-located (QCLed) (e.g., having the same / similar Doppler spread, Doppler shift, average gain, average delay, and / or spatial Rx parameters). The UE may not assume QCL for SS / PBCH blocks transmitted with different SS / PBCH block indices.

[0142] SS / PBCH blocks (e.g., those within a half-frame) may be transmitted in spatial directions (e.g., using different beams across the coverage area of ​​the cell). In an example, a first SS / PBCH block may be transmitted in a first spatial direction using a first beam, and a second SS / PBCH block may be transmitted in a second spatial direction using a second beam.

[0143] In an example, a base station may transmit multiple SS / PBCH blocks within a frequency range of a carrier. In an example, a first PCI of a first SS / PBCH block in the multiple SS / PBCH blocks may be different from a second PCI of a second SS / PBCH block in the multiple SS / PBCH blocks. The PCIs of SS / PBCH blocks transmitted in different frequency locations may be different or the same.

[0144] The CSI-RS may be transmitted by a base station and used by a UE to obtain channel state information (CSI). The base station may configure the UE with one or more CSI-RS for channel estimation or any other suitable purpose. The base station may configure the UE with one or more of the same / similar CSI-RS. The UE may measure the one or more CSI-RS. The UE may estimate the downlink channel state and / or generate a CSI report based on the measurement of the one or more downlink CSI-RS. The UE may provide the CSI report to the base station. The base station may use the feedback provided by the UE (e.g., the estimated downlink channel state) to perform link adaptation.

[0145] The base station can semi-statically configure the UE with one or more CSI-RS resource sets. CSI-RS resources can be associated with a location in the time and frequency domains, as well as a periodicity. The base station can selectively activate and / or deactivate CSI-RS resources. The base station can indicate to the UE that CSI-RS resources in a CSI-RS resource set are activated and / or deactivated.

[0146] The base station can configure the UE to report CSI measurement values. The base station can configure the UE to provide CSI reports periodically, aperiodically, or semi-persistently. For periodic CSI reporting, the UE can be configured with the timing and / or period of multiple CSI reports. For aperiodic CSI reporting, the base station can request a CSI report. For example, the base station can command the UE to measure the configured CSI-RS resources and provide a CSI report related to the measurement value. For semi-persistent CSI reporting, the base station can configure the UE to transmit periodically and selectively activate or deactivate periodic reporting. The base station can configure the UE with a CSI-RS resource set and CSI reporting using RRC signaling.

[0147] The CSI-RS configuration may include one or more parameters indicating, for example, up to 32 antenna ports. The UE may be configured to use the same OFDM symbol for the downlink CSI-RS and control resource set (CORESET) when the downlink CSI-RS and CORESET are spatially QCLed and the resource elements associated with the downlink CSI-RS are outside the physical resource blocks (PRBs) configured for the CORESET. The UE may be configured to use the same OFDM symbol for the downlink CSI-RS and SS / PBCH blocks when the downlink CSI-RS and SS / PBCH blocks are spatially QCLed and the resource elements associated with the downlink CSI-RS are outside the PRBs configured for the SS / PBCH blocks.

[0148] Downlink DMRS can be transmitted by the base station and used by the UE for channel estimation. For example, downlink DMRS can be used for consistent demodulation of one or more downlink physical channels (e.g., PDSCH). The NR network can support one or more variable and / or configurable DMRS patterns for data demodulation. At least one downlink DMRS configuration can support a frontload DMRS pattern. The frontload DMRS can be mapped on one or more OFDM symbols (e.g., one or two adjacent OFDM symbols). The base station can semi-statically configure the UE with the number (e.g., maximum number) of frontload DMRS symbols for PDSCH. The DMRS configuration can support one or more DMRS ports. For example, for single-user MIMO, the DMRS configuration can support up to eight orthogonal downlink DMRS ports per UE. For multi-user MIMO, the DMRS configuration can support up to 4 orthogonal downlink DMRS ports per UE. The radio network may support a common DMRS structure for downlink and uplink (e.g., at least for CP-OFDM), where the DMRS position, DMRS pattern, and / or scrambling sequence may be the same or different. The base station may transmit the downlink DMRS and the corresponding PDSCH using the same precoding matrix. The UE may use the one or more downlink DMRSs to perform consistent demodulation / channel estimation on the PDSCH.

[0149] In an example, a transmitter (e.g., a base station) may use a precoder matrix for a portion of the transmission bandwidth. For example, the transmitter may use a first precoder matrix for a first bandwidth and a second precoder matrix for a second bandwidth. The first precoder matrix and the second precoder matrix may be different based on the first bandwidth being different from the second bandwidth. The UE may assume that the same precoding matrix is ​​used across a set of PRBs. The set of PRBs may be denoted as a precoding resource block group (PRG).

[0150] The PDSCH may include one or more layers. The UE may assume that at least one symbol with DMRS is present on a layer in the one or more layers of the PDSCH. Higher layers may configure up to three DMRS for the PDSCH.

[0151] The downlink PT-RS may be transmitted by the base station and used by the UE for phase noise compensation. The presence or absence of the downlink PT-RS may depend on the RRC configuration. The presence and / or type of the downlink PT-RS may be configured on a UE-specific basis using a combination of RRC signaling and / or association with one or more parameters that may be indicated by the DCI for other purposes (e.g., modulation and coding scheme (MCS)). When configured, the dynamic presence of the downlink PT-RS may be associated with one or more DCI parameters including at least the MCS. NR networks may support multiple PT-RS densities defined in the time / frequency domain. When present, the frequency domain density may be associated with at least one configuration of the scheduled bandwidth. The UE may employ the same precoding for both DMRS ports and PT-RS ports. The number of PT-RS ports may be less than the number of DMRS ports in the scheduled resources. The downlink PT-RS may be restricted to the scheduled time / frequency duration of the UE. The downlink PT-RS may be transmitted on a symbol to facilitate phase tracking at the receiver.

[0152] The UE may transmit an uplink DMRS to the base station for channel estimation. For example, the base station may use the uplink DMRS to uniformly demodulate one or more uplink physical channels. For example, the UE may transmit an uplink DMRS with a PUSCH and / or a PUCCH. The uplink DM-RS may span a frequency range similar to the frequency range associated with the corresponding physical channel. The base station may configure the UE with one or more uplink DMRS configurations. At least one DMRS configuration may support a frontload DMRS pattern. The frontload DMRS may be mapped on one or more OFDM symbols (e.g., one or two adjacent OFDM symbols). One or more uplink DMRS may be configured to be transmitted at one or more symbols of the PUSCH and / or PUCCH. The base station may semi-statically configure the UE with the number (e.g., maximum number) of frontload DMRS symbols for the PUSCH and / or PUCCH, and the UE may use the frontload DMRS symbols to schedule single-symbol DMRS and / or double-symbol DMRS. NR networks may support a common DMRS structure for downlink and uplink (e.g., for cyclic prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM)), where the DMRS position, DMRS pattern, and / or scrambling sequence of the DMRS may be the same or different.

[0153] The PUSCH may include one or more layers, and the UE may transmit at least one symbol having a DMRS present on a layer in the one or more layers of the PUSCH. In an example, a higher layer may configure up to three DMRSs for the PUSCH.

[0154] Depending on the RRC configuration of the UE, the uplink PT-RS (which can be used by the base station for phase tracking and / or phase noise compensation) may or may not be present. The presence and / or type of the uplink PT-RS can be configured based on the UE specific configuration through a combination of RRC signaling and / or one or more parameters indicated by the DCI for other purposes (e.g., modulation and coding scheme (MCS)). When configured, the dynamic presence of the uplink PT-RS can be associated with one or more DCI parameters including at least the MCS. The radio network can support multiple uplink PT-RS densities defined in the time domain / frequency domain. When present, the frequency domain density can be associated with at least one configuration of the scheduled bandwidth. The UE can use the same precoding for DMRS ports and PT-RS ports. The number of PT-RS ports can be less than the number of DMRS ports in the scheduled resources. For example, the uplink PT-RS can be restricted to the scheduled time / frequency duration of the UE.

[0155] The UE may transmit an SRS to the base station for channel state estimation to support uplink channel-dependent scheduling and / or link adaptation. The SRS transmitted by the UE may allow the base station to estimate the uplink channel state at one or more frequencies. The scheduler at the base station may use the estimated uplink channel state to assign one or more resource blocks for uplink PUSCH transmission from the UE. The base station may semi-statically configure the UE with one or more SRS resource sets. For an SRS resource set, the base station may configure the UE with one or more SRS resources. The applicability of the SRS resource set may be configured by a higher layer (e.g., RRC) parameter. For example, when the higher layer parameter indicates beam management, the SRS resources in the one or more SRS resource sets (e.g., having the same / similar time domain behavior, periodic, aperiodic, etc.) may be transmitted at a certain time (e.g., at the same time). The UE may transmit one or more SRS resources in the SRS resource set. The NR network may support aperiodic, periodic, and / or semi-persistent SRS transmission. The UE may transmit SRS resources based on one or more trigger types, wherein the one or more trigger types may include higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC) and / or one or more DCI formats. In an example, at least one DCI format may be used for the UE to select at least one configured SRS resource set from one or more configured SRS resource sets. SRS trigger type 0 may refer to SRS triggered based on higher layer signaling. SRS trigger type 1 may refer to SRS triggered based on one or more DCI formats. In an example, when PUSCH and SRS are transmitted in the same time slot, the UE may be configured to transmit SRS after the transmission of PUSCH and the corresponding uplink DMRS.

[0156] The base station can semi-statically configure the UE using one or more SRS configuration parameters indicating at least one of the following: an SRS resource configuration identifier; the number of SRS ports; the time domain behavior of the SRS resource configuration (e.g., an indication of periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic SRS); time slot, mini-slot, and / or subframe level periodicity; time slot of periodic and / or aperiodic SRS resources; the number of OFDM symbols in the SRS resources; the starting OFDM symbol of the SRS resources; the SRS bandwidth; the frequency hopping bandwidth; the cyclic shift; and / or the SRS sequence ID.

[0157] Antenna ports are defined such that the channel over which a symbol on the antenna port is communicated can be inferred from the channel over which another symbol on the same antenna port is communicated. If a first symbol and a second symbol are transmitted on the same antenna port, the receiver can infer the channel (e.g., fading gain, multipath delay, etc.) used to communicate the second symbol on the antenna port from the channel used to communicate the first symbol on the antenna port. The first antenna port and the second antenna port can be referred to as quasi-co-located (QCLed) if one or more large-scale properties of the channel over which the first symbol on the first antenna port is communicated can be inferred from the channel over which the second symbol on the second antenna port is communicated. The one or more large-scale properties may include at least one of the following: delay spread; Doppler spread; Doppler shift; average gain; average delay; and / or spatial receive (Rx) parameters.

[0158] Channels using beamforming require beam management. Beam management can include beam measurement, beam selection, and beam indication. A beam can be associated with one or more reference signals. For example, a beam can be identified by one or more beamforming reference signals. The UE can perform downlink beam measurements and generate beam measurement reports based on downlink reference signals (e.g., channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS)). After setting up an RRC connection with a base station, the UE can perform a downlink beam measurement procedure.

[0159] Figure 11B An example of a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) mapped in the time and frequency domain is shown. Figure 11BThe squares shown in the figure may represent resource blocks (RBs) within the bandwidth of the cell. The base station may transmit one or more RRC messages including CSI-RS resource configuration parameters indicating one or more CSI-RSs. One or more of the following parameters may be configured for the CSI-RS resource configuration via higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC and / or MAC signaling): CSI-RS resource configuration identity, number of CSI-RS ports, CSI-RS configuration (e.g., symbol and resource element (RE) positions in a subframe), CSI-RS subframe configuration (e.g., subframe position, offset, and periodicity in a radio frame), CSI-RS power parameters, CSI-RS sequence parameters, code division multiplexing (CDM) type parameters, frequency density, transmission comb, quasi co-location (QCL) parameters (e.g., QCL-scramblingidentity, crs-portscount, mbsfn-subframeconfiglist, csi-rs-configZPid, qcl-csi-rs-configNZPid), and / or other radio resource parameters.

[0160] Figure 11B The three beams shown may be configured for the UE in a UE-specific configuration. Figure 11B Three beams (beam #1, beam #2, and beam #3) are illustrated in FIG, and more or fewer beams may be configured. CSI-RS 1101 may be allocated to beam #1, which may be transmitted in one or more subcarriers in the RB of the first symbol. CSI-RS 1102 may be allocated to beam #2, which may be transmitted in one or more subcarriers in the RB of the second symbol. CSI-RS 1103 may be allocated to beam #3, which may be transmitted in one or more subcarriers in the RB of the third symbol. By using frequency division multiplexing (FDM), a base station may use other subcarriers in the same RB (e.g., those subcarriers not used to transmit CSI-RS 1101) to transmit another CSI-RS associated with a beam of another UE. By using time domain multiplexing (TDM), a beam for a UE may be configured such that the beam for the UE uses symbols from beams of other UEs.

[0161] CSI-RS, such as Figure 11BThose shown in (e.g., CSI-RS 1101, 1102, 1103) can be transmitted by a base station and used by a UE for one or more measurement values. For example, the UE can measure the reference signal received power (RSRP) of the configured CSI-RS resource. The base station can configure the UE with a reporting configuration, and the UE can report the RSRP measurement value to the network (e.g., via one or more base stations) based on the reporting configuration. In the example, the base station can determine one or more transmission configuration indication (TCI) states including multiple reference signals based on the reported measurement results. In the example, the base station can indicate one or more TCI states to the UE (e.g., via RRC signaling, MAC CE and / or DCI). The UE can receive a downlink transmission with a receive (Rx) beam determined based on the one or more TCI states. In the example, the UE may or may not have beam correspondence capability. If the UE has beam correspondence capability, the UE can determine the spatial domain filter of the transmit (Tx) beam based on the spatial domain filter of the corresponding Rx beam. If the UE does not have beam-matching capability, the UE may perform an uplink beam selection procedure to determine the spatial domain filter for the Tx beam. The UE may perform the uplink beam selection procedure based on one or more sounding reference signal (SRS) resources configured for the UE by the base station. The base station may select and instruct the UE on an uplink beam based on measurements of one or more SRS resources transmitted by the UE.

[0162] In the beam management procedure, the UE may assess (e.g., measure) the channel quality of one or more beam pair links, including the beam pair links of the transmit beam transmitted by the base station and the receive beam received by the UE. Based on the assessment, the UE may transmit a beam measurement report indicating one or more beam pair quality parameters, including, for example, one or more beam identifiers (e.g., beam index, reference signal index, etc.), RSRP, precoding matrix indicator (PMI), channel quality indicator (CQI), and / or rank indicator (RI).

[0163] Figure 12AExamples of three downlink beam management procedures are shown: P1, P2, and P3. Procedure P1 can enable UE measurements of transmit (Tx) beams of a transmit reception point (TRP) (or multiple TRPs), for example to support selection of one or more base station Tx beams and / or UE Rx beams (shown as ovals in the top and bottom rows of P1, respectively). Beamforming at the TRP can include Tx beam sweeping for a set of beams (shown as ovals rotating in a counterclockwise direction indicated by dashed arrows in the top rows of P1 and P2). Beamforming at the UE can include Rx beam sweeping for a set of beams (shown as ovals rotating in a clockwise direction indicated by dashed arrows in the bottom rows of P1 and P3). Procedure P2 can be used to enable UE measurements of Tx beams of the TRPs (shown as ovals rotating in a counterclockwise direction indicated by dashed arrows in the top row of P2). The UE and / or base station may perform procedure P2 using a smaller beam set than the beam set used in procedure P1, or using a narrower beam than the beam used in procedure P1. This may be referred to as beam refinement. The UE may perform procedure P3 for Rx beam determination by using the same Tx beam at the base station and sweeping the Rx beam at the UE.

[0164] Figure 12B Examples of three uplink beam management procedures are shown: U1, U2, and U3. Procedure U1 can be used to enable a base station to perform measurements on a UE's Tx beam, for example, to support selection of one or more UE Tx beams and / or base station Rx beams (shown as ovals in the top and bottom rows of U1, respectively). Beamforming at the UE can include, for example, Rx beam sweeping from a set of beams (shown as ovals rotating in a clockwise direction indicated by dashed arrows in the bottom rows of U1 and U3). Beamforming at the base station can include, for example, Rx beam sweeping from a set of beams (shown as ovals rotating in a counterclockwise direction indicated by dashed arrows in the top rows of U1 and U2). When the UE uses a fixed Tx beam, procedure U2 can be used to enable the base station to adjust its Rx beam. The UE and / or base station can perform procedure U2 using a smaller beam set than the beam set used in procedure P1, or using a narrower beam than the beam used in procedure P1. This may be referred to as beam refinement. The UE may perform procedure U3 to adjust its Tx beam when the base station uses a fixed Rx beam.

[0165] The UE may initiate a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure based on the detection of a beam failure. The UE may transmit a BFR request (e.g., preamble, UCI, SR, MAC CE, etc.) based on the initiation of the BFR procedure. The UE may detect a beam failure based on a determination that the quality of the beam-pair link of the associated control channel is unsatisfactory (e.g., having an error rate above an error rate threshold, a received signal power below a received signal power threshold, expiration of a timer, etc.).

[0166] The UE may measure the quality of the beam-pair link using one or more reference signals (RS), the one or more reference signals including one or more SS / PBCH blocks, one or more CSI-RS resources and / or one or more demodulation reference signals (DMRS). The quality of the beam-pair link may be based on one or more of the following: a block error rate (BLER), an RSRP value, a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) value, a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) value and / or a CSI value measured on an RS resource. The base station may indicate that the RS resource is quasi-co-located (QCLed) with one or more DM-RSs of a channel (e.g., a control channel, a shared data channel, etc.). When the channel characteristics (e.g., Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, spatial Rx parameters, fading, etc.) from the transmission to the UE via the RS resource are similar or identical to the channel characteristics from the transmission to the UE via the channel, the RS resource and the one or more DMRSs of the channel may be QCLed.

[0167] The network (e.g., gNB and / or ng-eNB of the network) and / or the UE may initiate a random access procedure. A UE in RRC_IDLE state and / or RRC_INACTIVE state may initiate a random access procedure to request connection setup to the network. The UE may initiate a random access procedure from the RRC_CONNECTED state. The UE may initiate a random access procedure to request uplink resources (e.g., uplink transmission for SR when there are no available PUCCH resources) and / or to obtain uplink timing (e.g., when the uplink synchronization state is not synchronized). The UE may initiate a random access procedure to request one or more system information blocks (SIBs) (e.g., other system information, such as SIB2, SIB3, etc.). The UE may initiate a random access procedure for a beam failure recovery request. The network may initiate a random access procedure for handover and / or for establishing timing alignment for SCell addition.

[0168] Figure 13A A four-step contention-based random access procedure is shown. Before initiating the procedure, the base station may transmit a configuration message 1310 to the UE. Figure 13AThe procedure shown includes the transmission of four messages: Msg 1 1311, Msg 2 1312, Msg 3 1313, and Msg 4 1314. Msg 1 1311 may include and / or be referred to as a preamble (or random access preamble). Msg 2 1312 may include and / or be referred to as a random access response (RAR).

[0169] The configuration message 1310 may be transmitted, for example, using one or more RRC messages. The one or more RRC messages may indicate one or more random access channel (RACH) parameters to the UE. The one or more RACH parameters may include at least one of the following: general parameters for one or more random access procedures (e.g., RACH-configGeneral); cell-specific parameters (e.g., RACH-ConfigCommon); and / or dedicated parameters (e.g., RACH-configDedicated). The base station may broadcast or multicast the one or more RRC messages to one or more UEs. The one or more RRC messages may be UE-specific (e.g., dedicated RRC messages transmitted to the UE in the RRC_CONNECTED state and / or the RRC_INACTIVE state). The UE may determine the time-frequency resources and / or uplink transmission power for transmitting Msg 1 1311 and / or Msg 3 1313 based on the one or more RACH parameters. Based on the one or more RACH parameters, the UE may determine the reception timing and downlink channel for receiving Msg 2 1312 and Msg 4 1314.

[0170] The one or more RACH parameters provided in the configuration message 1310 may indicate one or more physical RACH (PRACH) opportunities that may be used to transmit Msg 11311. The one or more PRACH opportunities may be predefined. The one or more RACH parameters may indicate one or more available sets of one or more PRACH opportunities (e.g., prach-ConfigIndex). The one or more RACH parameters may indicate an association between: (a) one or more PRACH opportunities, and (b) one or more reference signals. The one or more RACH parameters may indicate an association between: (a) one or more preambles, and (b) one or more reference signals. The one or more reference signals may be SS / PBCH blocks and / or CSI-RS. For example, the one or more RACH parameters may indicate the number of SS / PBCH blocks mapped to the PRACH opportunity and / or the number of preambles mapped to the SS / PBCH block.

[0171] The one or more RACH parameters provided in the configuration message 1310 may be used to determine the uplink transmission power of Msg 1 1311 and / or Msg 3 1313. For example, the one or more RACH parameters may indicate a reference power for preamble transmission (e.g., a received target power and / or an initial power for preamble transmission). One or more power offsets may be present as indicated by the one or more RACH parameters. For example, the one or more RACH parameters may indicate: a power ramp step size; a power offset between an SSB and a CSI-RS; a power offset between transmissions of Msg 1 1311 and Msg 3 1313; and / or a power offset value between preamble groups. The one or more RACH parameters may indicate one or more thresholds based on which the UE may determine at least one reference signal (e.g., an SSB and / or a CSI-RS) and / or an uplink carrier (e.g., a normal uplink (NUL) carrier and / or a supplementary uplink (SUL) carrier).

[0172] Msg 1 1311 may include one or more preamble transmissions (e.g., a preamble transmission and one or more preamble retransmissions). The RRC message may be used to configure one or more preamble groups (e.g., group A and / or group B). A preamble group may include one or more preambles. The UE may determine the preamble group based on the path loss measurement value and / or the size of Msg 3 1313. The UE may measure the RSRP of one or more reference signals (e.g., SSB and / or CSI-RS) and determine at least one reference signal having an RSRP greater than an RSRP threshold (e.g., rsrp-ThresholdSSB and / or rsrp-ThresholdCSI-RS). For example, if the association between the one or more preambles and the at least one reference signal is configured by the RRC message, the UE may select at least one preamble associated with the one or more reference signals and / or the selected preamble group.

[0173] The UE may determine the preamble based on the one or more RACH parameters provided in the configuration message 1310. For example, the UE may determine the preamble based on a path loss measurement, an RSRP measurement, and / or the size of Msg 3 1313. As another example, the one or more RACH parameters may indicate: a preamble format; a maximum number of preamble transmissions; and / or one or more thresholds for determining one or more preamble groups (e.g., Group A and Group B). The base station may use the one or more RACH parameters to configure an association between one or more preambles and one or more reference signals (e.g., SSB and / or CSI-RS) for the UE. If the association is configured, the UE may determine the preamble included in Msg 1 1311 based on the association. Msg 1 1311 may be transmitted to the base station via one or more PRACH opportunities. The UE may use one or more reference signals (e.g., SSB and / or CSI-RS) to select a preamble and to determine a PRACH opportunity. One or more RACH parameters (eg, ra-ssb-OccasionMskIndex and / or ra-OccasionList) may indicate an association between a PRACH opportunity and the one or more reference signals.

[0174] If no response is received after the preamble transmission, the UE may perform a preamble retransmission. The UE may increase the uplink transmission power for the preamble retransmission. The UE may select the initial preamble transmission power based on the path loss measurement and / or the target received preamble power configured by the network. The UE may determine to retransmit the preamble and may ramp up the uplink transmission power. The UE may receive one or more RACH parameters (e.g., PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_STEP) indicating the ramp-up step size for preamble retransmission. The ramp-up step size may be the amount of incremental increase in the uplink transmission power for retransmission. If the UE determines the same reference signal (e.g., SSB and / or CSI-RS) as the previous preamble transmission, the UE may ramp up the uplink transmission power. The UE may count the number of preamble transmissions and / or retransmissions (e.g., PREAMBLE_TRANSMISSION_COUNTER). For example, if the number of preamble transmissions exceeds a threshold (eg, preambleTransMax) configured by the one or more RACH parameters, the UE may determine that the random access procedure is not successfully completed.

[0175] Msg 2 1312 received by the UE may include a RAR. In some scenarios, Msg 2 1312 may include multiple RARs corresponding to multiple UEs. Msg 2 1312 may be received after or in response to the transmission of Msg 1 1311. Msg 2 1312 may be scheduled on the DL-SCH and indicated on the PDCCH using a random access RNTI (RA-RNTI). Msg 2 1312 may indicate that Msg 1 1311 was received by the base station. Msg 2 1312 may include a time alignment command, which may be used by the UE to adjust the UE's transmission timing, a scheduling grant for transmitting Msg 3 1313, and / or a temporary cell RNTI (TC-RNTI). After transmitting the preamble, the UE may initiate a time window (e.g., a RA-ResponseWindow) to monitor the PDCCH for Msg 2 1312. The UE may determine when to initiate the time window based on the PRACH opportunity used by the UE to transmit the preamble. For example, the UE may start a time window of one or more symbols after the last symbol of the preamble (e.g., at the first PDCCH opportunity starting from the end of the preamble transmission). The one or more symbols may be determined based on a parameter set. The PDCCH may be in a common search space (e.g., Type1-PDCCH common search space) configured by an RRC message. The UE may identify the RAR based on a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI). The RNTI may be used depending on one or more events for initiating a random access procedure. The UE may use a random access RNTI (RA-RNTI). The RA-RNTI may be associated with the PRACH opportunity in which the UE transmits the preamble. For example, the UE may determine the RA-RNTI based on: an OFDM symbol index; a time slot index; a frequency domain index; and / or a UL carrier indicator of a PRACH opportunity. Examples of RA-RNTI may be as follows:

[0176] RA-RNTI=1+s_id+14×t_id+14×80×f_id+14×80×8×ul_carrier_id

[0177] Where s_id may be the index of the first OFDM symbol of the PRACH opportunity (e.g., 0≤s_id<14), t_id may be the index of the first time slot of the PRACH opportunity in the system frame (e.g., 0≤t_id<80), f_id may be the index of the PRACH opportunity in the frequency domain (e.g., 0≤f_id<8), and ul_carrier_id may be the UL carrier used for preamble transmission (e.g., 0 for NUL carrier and 1 for SUL carrier).

[0178] The UE may transmit Msg 3 1313 in response to successfully receiving Msg 2 1312 (e.g., using the resources identified in Msg 2 1312). Msg 3 1313 may be used, for example, Figure 13A 1314 ). Contention resolution in the contention-based random access procedure shown in . In some scenarios, multiple UEs may transmit the same preamble to the base station, and the base station may provide RARs corresponding to the UEs. If the multiple UEs interpret the RARs as corresponding to themselves, a collision may occur. Contention resolution (e.g., using Msg 3 1313 and Msg 4 1314) may be used to increase the likelihood that a UE does not mistakenly use the identity of another UE. To perform contention resolution, the UE may include a device identifier in Msg 3 1313 (e.g., if a C-RNTI is assigned, the TC-RNTI included in Msg 2 1312 and / or any other suitable identifier).

[0179] Msg 4 1314 may be received after or in response to the transmission of Msg 3 1313. If a C-RNTI is included in Msg 3 1313, the base station will use the C-RNTI to address the UE on the PDCCH. If the UE's unique C-RNTI is detected on the PDCCH, the random access procedure is determined to have been successfully completed. If a TC-RNTI is included in Msg 3 1313 (e.g., if the UE is in the RRC_IDLE state or is not otherwise connected to the base station), Msg 4 1314 will be received using the DL-SCH associated with the TC-RNTI. If the MAC PDU is successfully decoded and the MAC PDU includes a UE contention resolution identity MAC CE that matches or otherwise corresponds to the CCCH SDU sent (e.g., transmitted) in Msg 3 1313, the UE may determine that contention resolution was successful and / or the UE may determine that the random access procedure was successfully completed.

[0180] The UE may be configured with a supplementary uplink (SUL) carrier and a normal uplink (NUL) carrier. Initial access (e.g., a random access procedure) may be supported in the uplink carrier. For example, the base station may configure two separate RACH configurations for the UE: one for the SUL carrier and the other for the NUL carrier. For random access in a cell configured with a SUL carrier, the network may indicate which carrier (NUL or SUL) to use. For example, if the measured quality of one or more reference signals is below a broadcast threshold, the UE may determine the SUL carrier. The uplink transmissions for the random access procedure (e.g., Msg1 1311 and / or Msg 3 1313) may remain on the selected carrier. In one or more cases, the UE may switch uplink carriers during the random access procedure (e.g., between Msg 1 1311 and Msg 3 1313). For example, the UE may determine and / or switch an uplink carrier for Msg 1 1311 and / or Msg 3 1313 based on channel clarity assessment (eg, listen before talk).

[0181] Figure 13B The two-step contention-free random access procedure is shown. Figure 13A Similar to the four-step contention-based random access procedure shown, the base station may transmit a configuration message 1320 to the UE before the procedure is initiated. The configuration message 1320 may be similar to the configuration message 1310 in some aspects. Figure 13B The procedure shown includes the transmission of two messages: Msg 1 1321 and Msg 2 1322. Msg 1 1321 and Msg 2 1322 may be similar in some respects to Figure 13A As shown in Msg 1 1311 and Msg 2 1312. Figure 13A and Figure 13B It will be appreciated that the contention-free random access procedure may not include messages similar to Msg 3 1313 and / or Msg 4 1314 .

[0182] Can be initiated for beam failure recovery, other SI requests, SCell addition and / or handover Figure 13B For example, the base station may indicate or assign a preamble to be used for Msg 1 1321 to the UE. The UE may receive an indication of the preamble (eg, ra-PreambleIndex) from the base station via PDCCH and / or RRC.

[0183] After transmitting the preamble, the UE may start a time window (e.g., ra-ResponseWindow) to monitor the PDCCH for the RAR. In the case of a beam failure recovery request, the base station may configure the UE with a separate time window and / or a separate PDCCH in the search space indicated by the RRC message (e.g., recoverySearchSpaceId). The UE may monitor PDCCH transmissions addressed to the Cell RNTI (C-RNTI) on the search space. Figure 13B In the contention-free random access procedure shown, the UE may determine that the random access procedure has been successfully completed after or in response to the transmission of Msg 1 1321 and the reception of the corresponding Msg 2 1322. For example, if the PDCCH transmission is addressed to the C-RNTI, the UE may determine that the random access procedure has been successfully completed. For example, if the UE receives a RAR including a preamble identifier corresponding to a preamble transmitted by the UE and / or the RAR includes a MAC sub-PDU with the preamble identifier, the UE may determine that the random access procedure has been successfully completed. The UE may determine that the response is an indication of an acknowledgement of the SI request.

[0184] Figure 13C Another two-step random access procedure is shown. Figure 13A and Figure 13B Similar to the random access procedure shown, the base station may transmit a configuration message 1330 to the UE before the procedure is initiated. Configuration message 1330 may be similar to configuration message 1310 and / or configuration message 1320 in some aspects. Figure 13C The procedure shown includes the transmission of two messages: Msg A 1331 and Msg B 1332.

[0185] Msg A 1331 may be transmitted by the UE in an uplink transmission. Msg A 1331 may include one or more transmissions of a preamble 1341 and / or one or more transmissions of a transport block 1342. Transport block 1342 may include Figure 13A The transmission block 1342 may include UCI (e.g., SR, HARQ ACK / NACK, etc.). The UE may receive Msg B 1332 after or in response to the transmission of Msg A 1331. Msg B 1332 may include the same content as the content of Msg 3 1313 shown in FIG. Figure 13A and Figure 13B Msg 2 1312 (eg, RAR) and / or Figure 13A The content of Msg 4 1314 is similar and / or identical to that of Msg 4 1314 shown.

[0186] The UE can initiate a call for licensed spectrum and / or unlicensed spectrum. Figure 13C The UE may determine whether to initiate a two-step random access procedure based on one or more factors. The one or more factors may include: the radio access technology being used (e.g., LTE, NR, etc.); whether the UE has a valid TA; the cell size; the RRC state of the UE; the type of spectrum (e.g., licensed vs. unlicensed); and / or any other suitable factors.

[0187] The UE may determine the radio resources and / or uplink transmission power of the preamble 1341 and / or transport block 1342 included in Msg A 1331 based on the two-step RACH parameters included in the configuration message 1330. The RACH parameters may indicate the modulation and coding scheme (MCS), time-frequency resources, and / or power control of the preamble 1341 and / or transport block 1342. The time-frequency resources (e.g., PRACH) used for transmission of the preamble 1341 and the time-frequency resources (e.g., PUSCH) used for transmission of the transport block 1342 may be multiplexed using FDM, TDM, and / or CDM. The RACH parameters may enable the UE to determine the reception timing and downlink channel used for monitoring and / or receiving Msg B 1332.

[0188] Transport block 1342 may include data (e.g., delay-sensitive data), an identifier of the UE, security information, and / or device information (e.g., an International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI)). The base station may transmit Msg B 1332 in response to Msg A 1331. Msg B 1332 may include at least one of the following: a preamble identifier; a timing high-level command; a power control command; an uplink grant (e.g., a radio resource assignment and / or MCS); a UE identifier for contention resolution; and / or an RNTI (e.g., a C-RNTI or TC-RNTI). The UE may determine that the two-step random access procedure is successfully completed if: the preamble identifier in Msg B 1332 matches the preamble transmitted by the UE; and / or the UE identifier in Msg B 1332 matches the UE identifier in Msg A 1331 (e.g., transport block 1342).

[0189] The UE and the base station may exchange control signaling. The control signaling may be referred to as L1 / L2 control signaling and may originate from the PHY layer (e.g., Layer 1) and / or the MAC layer (e.g., Layer 2). The control signaling may include downlink control signaling transmitted from the base station to the UE and / or uplink control signaling transmitted from the UE to the base station.

[0190] Downlink control signaling may include: downlink scheduling assignments; uplink scheduling grants indicating uplink radio resources and / or transport formats; time slot format information; preemption indications; power control commands; and / or any other suitable signaling. The UE may receive downlink control signaling in a payload transmitted by the base station on a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). The payload transmitted on the PDCCH may be referred to as downlink control information (DCI). In some scenarios, the PDCCH may be a group common PDCCH (GC-PDCCH) common to a group of UEs.

[0191] The base station may attach one or more cyclic redundancy check (CRC) parity bits to the DCI to facilitate detection of transmission errors. When the DCI is intended for a UE (or a group of UEs), the base station may scramble the CRC parity bits with an identifier for the UE (or an identifier for the group of UEs). Scrambling the CRC parity bits with the identifier may include a Modulo-2 addition (or an exclusive OR operation) of the identifier value and the CRC parity bits. The identifier may include a 16-bit value of a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI).

[0192] DCI can be used for different purposes. The purpose can be indicated by the type of RNTI used to scramble the CRC parity bits. For example, a DCI with CRC parity bits scrambled with a paging RNTI (P-RNTI) can indicate paging information and / or system information change notification. The P-RNTI can be predefined as "FFFE" in hexadecimal. A DCI with CRC parity bits scrambled with a system information RNTI (SI-RNTI) can indicate a broadcast transmission of system information. The SI-RNTI can be predefined as "FFFF" in hexadecimal. A DCI with CRC parity bits scrambled with a random access RNTI (RA-RNTI) can indicate a random access response (RAR). A DCI with CRC parity bits scrambled with a cell RNTI (C-RNTI) can indicate a dynamically scheduled unicast transmission and / or a triggering of a PDCCH ordered random access. A DCI with CRC parity bits scrambled with a temporary cell RNTI (TC-RNTI) can indicate contention resolution (e.g., similar to Figure 13AOther RNTIs configured by the base station to the UE may include: the configured scheduling RNTI (CS-RNTI), transmit power control PUCCH RNTI (TPC-PUCCH-RNTI), transmit power control PUSCH RNTI (TPC-PUSCH-RNTI), transmit power control SRS RNTI (TPC-SRS-RNTI), interruption RNTI (INT-RNTI), slot format indication RNTI (SFI-RNTI), semi-persistent CSI RNTI (SP-CSI-RNTI), modulation and coding scheme cell RNTI (MCS-C-RNTI), etc.

[0193] Depending on the purpose and / or content of the DCI, the base station may transmit DCI with one or more DCI formats. For example, DCI format 0_0 may be used for scheduling PUSCH in a cell. DCI format 0_0 may be a fallback DCI format (e.g., having a compact DCI payload). DCI format 0_1 ​​may be used for scheduling PUSCH in a cell (e.g., having a larger DCI payload than DCI format 0_0). DCI format 1_0 may be used for scheduling PDSCH in a cell. DCI format 1_0 may be a fallback DCI format (e.g., having a compact DCI payload). DCI format 1_1 may be used for scheduling PDSCH in a cell (e.g., having a larger DCI payload than DCI format 1_0). DCI format 2_0 may be used to provide a slot format indication to a UE group. DCI format 2_1 may be used to notify a UE group of physical resource blocks and / or OFDM symbols, where the UE may assume that no transmission to the UE is expected. DCI format 2_2 may be used to transmit a transmit power control (TPC) command for PUCCH or PUSCH. DCI formats 2_3 can be used to transmit a set of TPC commands for SRS transmission by one or more UEs. DCI formats for new functions may be defined in future releases. DCI formats can have different DCI sizes or can share the same DCI size.

[0194] After scrambling the DCI with the RNTI, the base station can process the DCI with channel coding (e.g., polarity coding), rate matching, scrambling and / or QPSK modulation. The base station can map the coded and modulated DCI on resource elements used for and / or configured for PDCCH. Based on the payload size of the DCI and / or the coverage of the base station, the base station can transmit the DCI via a PDCCH occupying multiple consecutive control channel elements (CCEs). The number of consecutive CCEs (referred to as the aggregation level) can be 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and / or any other suitable number. CCE may include the number of resource element groups (REGs) (e.g., 6). REG may include a resource block in an OFDM symbol. The mapping of the coded and modulated DCI on the resource elements can be based on the mapping of CCEs and REGs (e.g., CCE to REG mapping).

[0195] Figure 14A An example of a CORESET configuration for a bandwidth portion is shown. The base station may transmit DCI via PDCCH on one or more control resource sets (CORESETs). A CORESET may include time-frequency resources in which the UE attempts to decode the DCI using one or more search spaces. The base station may configure the CORESET in the time-frequency domain. Figure 14A In the example shown in FIG1 , first CORESET 1401 and second CORESET 1402 appear at the first symbol in a time slot. First CORESET 1401 overlaps with second CORESET 1402 in the frequency domain. Third CORESET 1403 appears at the third symbol in a time slot. Fourth CORESET 1404 appears at the seventh symbol in a time slot. CORESETs can have different numbers of resource blocks in the frequency domain.

[0196] Figure 14B An example of CCE to REG mapping for DCI transmission on a CORESET and PDCCH processing is shown. The CCE to REG mapping can be an interleaved mapping (e.g., for the purpose of providing frequency diversity) or a non-interleaved mapping (e.g., for the purpose of facilitating interference coordination and / or frequency selective transmission of control channels). The base station can perform different or the same CCE to REG mapping for different CORESETs. A CORESET can be associated with the CCE to REG mapping through RRC configuration. A CORESET can be configured with an antenna port quasi-co-location (QCL) parameter. The antenna port QCL parameter can indicate the QCL information of the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for PDCCH reception in the CORESET.

[0197] The base station may transmit an RRC message including configuration parameters of one or more CORESETs and one or more search space sets to the UE. The configuration parameters may indicate the association between the search space set and the CORESET. The search space set may include a set of PDCCH candidates formed by CCEs at a given aggregation level. The configuration parameters may indicate: the number of PDCCH candidates to be monitored per aggregation level; the PDCCH monitoring period and the PDCCH monitoring type; one or more DCI formats to be monitored by the UE; and / or whether the search space set is a common search space set or a UE-specific search space set. The set of CCEs in the common search space set may be predefined and known to the UE. The set of CCEs in the UE-specific search space set may be configured based on the identity of the UE (e.g., C-RNTI).

[0198] like Figure 14B As shown, the UE may determine the time-frequency resources of the CORESET based on an RRC message. The UE may determine the CCE to REG mapping of the CORESET based on the configuration parameters of the CORESET (e.g., interleaving or non-interleaving and / or mapping parameters). The UE may determine the number of search space sets configured on the CORESET based on the RRC message (e.g., up to 10). The UE may monitor a set of PDCCH candidates based on the configuration parameters of the search space set. The UE may monitor a set of PDCCH candidates in one or more CORESETs for detecting one or more DCIs. Monitoring may include decoding one or more PDCCH candidates in the set of PDCCH candidates based on the monitored DCI format. Monitoring may include decoding DCI content of one or more PDCCH candidates, which has possible (or configured) PDCCH positions, possible (or configured) PDCCH formats (e.g., the number of CCEs, the number of PDCCH candidates in the common search space, and / or the number of PDCCH candidates in the UE-specific search space), and possible (or configured) DCI formats. Decoding may be referred to as blind decoding. The UE may determine that the DCI is valid for the UE in response to a CRC check (e.g., scrambled bits of the CRC parity bits of the DCI matching the RNTI value). The UE may process the information contained in the DCI (e.g., scheduling assignments, uplink grants, power control, slot format indication, downlink preemption, etc.).

[0199] The UE may transmit uplink control signaling (e.g., uplink control information (UCI)) to the base station. The uplink control signaling transmission may include a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgment for the received DL-SCH transport block. The UE may transmit the HARQ acknowledgment after receiving the DL-SCH transport block. The uplink control signaling may include channel state information (CSI) indicating the channel quality of the physical downlink channel. The UE may transmit the CSI to the base station. Based on the received CSI, the base station may determine the transport format parameters for downlink transmission (e.g., including multiple antennas and beamforming schemes). The uplink control signaling may include a scheduling request (SR). The UE may transmit the SR indicating that uplink data is available for transmission to the base station. The UE may transmit UCI (e.g., HARQ acknowledgment (HARQ-ACK), CSI report, SR, etc.) via a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH). The UE may transmit uplink control signaling via the PUCCH using one of several PUCCH formats.

[0200] There may be five PUCCH formats, and the UE may determine the PUCCH format based on the size of the UCI (e.g., the number of uplink symbols for the UCI transmission and the number of UCI bits). PUCCH format 0 may have a length of one or two OFDM symbols and may include two or fewer bits. If the transmission exceeds one or two symbols and the number of HARQ-ACK information bits (HARQ-ACK / SR bits) with positive or negative SR is one or two, the wireless device may use PUCCH format 0 to transmit UCI in the PUCCH resource. PUCCH format 1 may occupy between four and fourteen OFDM symbols and may include two or fewer bits. If four or more symbols are transmitted and the number of HARQ-ACK / SR bits is one or two, the UE may use PUCCH format 1. PUCCH format 2 may occupy one or two OFDM symbols and may include more than two bits. If the transmission exceeds one or two symbols and the number of UCI bits is two or more, the UE may use PUCCH format 2. PUCCH format 3 may occupy between four and fourteen OFDM symbols and may include more than two bits. If four or more symbols are transmitted, the number of UCI bits is two or more, and the PUCCH resources do not include orthogonal cover codes, the UE may use PUCCH format 3. PUCCH format 4 may occupy between four and fourteen OFDM symbols and may include more than two bits. If four or more symbols are transmitted, the number of UCI bits is two or more, and the PUCCH resources include orthogonal cover codes, the UE may use PUCCH format 4.

[0201] The base station may transmit configuration parameters of multiple PUCCH resource sets to the UE using, for example, an RRC message. The multiple PUCCH resource sets (e.g., up to four sets) may be configured on the uplink BWP of the cell. The PUCCH resource set may be configured with: a PUCCH resource set index; multiple PUCCH resources having PUCCH resources identified by a PUCCH resource identifier (e.g., pucch-Resourceid); and / or multiple (e.g., maximum number) UCI ​​information bits that the UE may transmit using one of the multiple PUCCH resources in the PUCCH resource set. When multiple PUCCH resource sets are configured, the UE may select one PUCCH resource set (e.g., HARQ-ACK, SR, and / or CSI) from the multiple PUCCH resource sets based on the total bit length of the UCI information bits. If the total bit length of the UCI information bits is two or less, the UE may select the first PUCCH resource set with a PUCCH resource set index equal to "0". If the total bit length of the UCI information bits is greater than two and less than or equal to the first configured value, the UE may select a second PUCCH resource set having a PUCCH resource set index equal to "1". If the total bit length of the UCI information bits is greater than the first configured value and less than or equal to the second configured value, the UE may select a third PUCCH resource set having a PUCCH resource set index equal to "2". If the total bit length of the UCI information bits is greater than the second configured value and less than or equal to a third value (e.g., 1406), the UE may select a fourth PUCCH resource set having a PUCCH resource set index equal to "3".

[0202] After determining a PUCCH resource set from a plurality of PUCCH resource sets, the UE may determine the PUCCH resources for UCI (HARQ-ACK, CSI, and / or SR) transmission from the PUCCH resource set. The UE may determine the PUCCH resources based on a PUCCH resource indicator in a DCI received on a PDCCH (e.g., a DCI format 1_0 or a DCI for 1_1). The three-bit PUCCH resource indicator in the DCI may indicate one of eight PUCCH resources in the PUCCH resource set. Based on the PUCCH resource indicator, the UE may use the PUCCH resource indicated by the PUCCH resource indicator in the DCI to transmit UCI (HARQ-ACK, CSI, and / or SR).

[0203] Figure 15 An example of a wireless device 1502 in communication with a base station 1504 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The wireless device 1502 and the base station 1504 may be part of a mobile communication network, such as Figure 1A The mobile communication network 100 shown, Figure 1B The mobile communication network 150 shown or any other communication network. Figure 15 Only one wireless device 1502 and one base station 1504 are shown in FIG. 1 , but it should be understood that a mobile communication network may include more than one UE and / or more than one base station with the same Figure 15 The same or similar configurations as those shown.

[0204] The base station 1504 can connect the wireless device 1502 to a core network (not shown) via radio communication over an air interface (or radio interface) 1506. The direction of communication from the base station 1504 to the wireless device 1502 over the air interface 1506 is referred to as downlink, while the direction of communication from the wireless device 1502 to the base station 1504 over the air interface is referred to as uplink. Downlink transmissions can be separated from uplink transmissions using FDD, TDD, and / or some combination of the two duplexing techniques.

[0205] In the downlink, data to be transmitted from the base station 1504 to the wireless device 1502 may be provided to the processing system 1508 of the base station 1504. The data may be provided to the processing system 1508 via, for example, the core network. In the uplink, data to be transmitted from the wireless device 1502 to the base station 1504 may be provided to the processing system 1518 of the wireless device 1502. The processing system 1508 and the processing system 1518 may implement layer 3 and layer 2 OSI functions to process data for transmission. Layer 2 may include, for example, information about Figure 2A 、 Figure 2B 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4A Layer 3 may include the SDAP layer, PDCP layer, RLC layer and MAC layer. Figure 2B RRC layer.

[0206] After processing by processing system 1508, data to be transmitted to wireless device 1502 may be provided to transmission processing system 1510 of base station 1504. Similarly, after processing by processing system 1518, data to be transmitted to base station 1504 may be provided to transmission processing system 1520 of wireless device 1502. Transmission processing system 1510 and transmission processing system 1520 may implement layer 1 OSI functions. Layer 1 may include information about Figure 2A 、 Figure 2B 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4A For transmission processing, the PHY layer may perform, for example, forward error correction coding of transport channels, interleaving, rate matching, mapping of transport channels to physical channels, modulation of physical channels, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) or multi-antenna processing, and the like.

[0207] At base station 1504, receive processing system 1512 may receive uplink transmissions from wireless device 1502. At wireless device 1502, receive processing system 1522 may receive downlink transmissions from base station 1504. Receive processing system 1512 and receive processing system 1522 may implement layer 1 OSI functionality. Layer 1 may include information about Figure 2A 、 Figure 2B 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4A For receive processing, the PHY layer may perform, for example, error detection, forward error correction decoding, deinterleaving, demapping of transport channels to physical channels, demodulation of physical channels, MIMO or multi-antenna processing, and the like.

[0208] like Figure 15 As shown, wireless device 1502 and base station 1504 may include multiple antennas. The multiple antennas may be used to implement one or more MIMO or multi-antenna techniques, such as spatial multiplexing (e.g., single-user MIMO or multi-user MIMO), transmit / receive diversity, and / or beamforming. In other examples, wireless device 1502 and / or base station 1504 may have a single antenna.

[0209] Processing system 1508 and processing system 1518 may be associated with memory 1514 and memory 1524, respectively. Memory 1514 and memory 1524 (e.g., one or more non-transitory computer-readable media) may store computer program instructions or code that may be executed by processing system 1508 and / or processing system 1518 to perform one or more of the functions discussed herein. Figure 15 Not shown, transmit processing system 1510, transmit processing system 1520, receive processing system 1512, and / or receive processing system 1522 may be coupled to a memory (e.g., one or more non-transitory computer-readable media) storing computer program instructions or code that may be executed to perform one or more of their respective functions.

[0210] The processing system 1508 and / or the processing system 1518 may include one or more controllers and / or one or more processors. The one or more controllers and / or one or more processors may include, for example, a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a microcontroller, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) and / or other programmable logic device, discrete gate and / or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, on-board units, or any combination thereof. The processing system 1508 and / or the processing system 1518 may perform at least one of the following: signal encoding / processing, data processing, power control, input / output processing, and / or any other functionality that may enable the wireless device 1502 and the base station 1504 to operate in a wireless environment.

[0211] The processing system 1508 and / or the processing system 1518 can be connected to one or more peripheral devices 1516 and one or more peripheral devices 1526, respectively. The one or more peripheral devices 1516 and the one or more peripheral devices 1526 can include software and / or hardware that provides features and / or functionality, such as a speaker, a microphone, a keyboard, a display, a touchpad, a power supply, a satellite transceiver, a universal serial bus (USB) port, a hands-free headset, a frequency modulation (FM) radio unit, a media player, an Internet browser, an electronic control unit (e.g., for a motor vehicle), and / or one or more sensors (e.g., an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a temperature sensor, a radar sensor, a lidar sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a light sensor, a camera, etc.). The processing system 1508 and / or the processing system 1518 can receive user input data from the one or more peripheral devices 1516 and / or the one or more peripheral devices 1526 and / or provide user output data to the one or more peripheral devices. The processing system 1518 in the wireless device 1502 can receive power from a power source and / or can be configured to distribute power to other components in the wireless device 1502. The power source can include one or more power sources, such as batteries, solar cells, fuel cells, or any combination thereof. The processing system 1508 and / or the processing system 1518 can be connected to a GPS chipset 1517 and a GPS chipset 1527, respectively. The GPS chipset 1517 and the GPS chipset 1527 can be configured to provide geographic location information of the wireless device 1502 and the base station 1504, respectively.

[0212] Figure 16AAn exemplary structure for uplink transmission is shown. The baseband signal representing the physical uplink shared channel can perform one or more functions. The one or more functions may include at least one of the following: scrambling; modulating scrambled bits to generate complex-valued symbols; mapping complex-valued modulated symbols to one or several transmission layers; transform precoding to generate complex-valued symbols; precoding of complex-valued symbols; mapping of precoded complex-valued symbols to resource elements; generating complex-valued time-domain single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) or CP-OFDM signals for antenna ports; and the like. In the example, when transform precoding is enabled, an SC-FDMA signal for uplink transmission can be generated. In the example, when transform precoding is not enabled, the uplink transmission can be performed by Figure 16A Generates a CP-OFDM signal for uplink transmission. These functions are shown as examples, and it is contemplated that other mechanisms may be implemented in various embodiments.

[0213] Figure 16B An exemplary structure for modulation and up-conversion of a baseband signal to a carrier frequency is shown. The baseband signal can be a complex-valued SC-FDMA or CP-OFDM baseband signal for an antenna port and / or a complex-valued physical random access channel (PRACH) baseband signal. Filtering can be employed prior to transmission.

[0214] Figure 16C An exemplary structure for downlink transmission is shown. The baseband signal representing the physical downlink channel can perform one or more functions. These one or more functions may include: scrambling coded bits in a codeword to be transmitted on the physical channel; modulating the scrambled bits to generate complex-valued modulation symbols; mapping the complex-valued modulation symbols onto one or more transmission layers; precoding the complex-valued modulation symbols on the layers for transmission on the antenna ports; mapping the complex-valued modulation symbols for the antenna ports to resource elements; generating a complex-valued time-domain OFDM signal for the antenna ports; and so on. These functions are shown as examples, and it is contemplated that other mechanisms may be implemented in various embodiments.

[0215] Figure 16D Another exemplary structure for modulation and up-conversion of a baseband signal to a carrier frequency is shown. The baseband signal can be a complex-valued OFDM baseband signal at the antenna port. Filtering can be applied before transmission.

[0216] A wireless device may receive one or more messages (e.g., RRC messages) from a base station including configuration parameters for multiple cells (e.g., a primary cell, a secondary cell). The wireless device may communicate with at least one base station (e.g., two or more base stations in dual connectivity) via the multiple cells. The one or more messages (e.g., as part of the configuration parameters) may include parameters for configuring the wireless device at the physical layer, MAC layer, RLC layer, PCDP layer, SDAP layer, and RRC layer. For example, the configuration parameters may include parameters for configuring physical layer and MAC layer channels, bearers, etc. For example, the configuration parameters may include parameters indicating values ​​of timers for the physical layer, MAC layer, RLC layer, PCDP layer, SDAP layer, RRC layer, and / or communication channels.

[0217] Once started, a timer can begin running and continue running until it is stopped or expires. If a timer is not running, it can be started, or if it is running, it can be restarted. A timer can be associated with a value (e.g., a timer can start or restart at a certain value, or can start at zero and expire once it reaches that value). The duration of a timer may not be updated until the timer is stopped or expires (e.g., due to a BWP switch). A timer can be used to measure a time period / window of a procedure. When the description refers to implementations and procedures related to one or more timers, it should be understood that there are various ways to implement the one or more timers. For example, it should be understood that one or more of the various ways to implement a timer can be used to measure a time period / window of a procedure. For example, a random access response window timer can be used to measure the time window for receiving a random access response. In an example, instead of the start and expiration of the random access response window timer, the time difference between two timestamps can be used. When the timer is restarted, the time window measurement process can be restarted. Other exemplary implementations for restarting the time window measurement can be provided.

[0218] In an example, the wireless device may receive one or more messages including one or more configuration parameters, for example, from a base station. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate a number of uplink resources (eg, PUCCH resources) for an active uplink BWP of a cell.

[0219] In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more coresets of active downlink BWPs for the cell.

[0220] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate a spatial relationship of uplink resources in a plurality of uplink resources. In an example, the wireless device may receive an activation command indicating the spatial relationship of uplink resources in the plurality of uplink resources. The spatial relationship may indicate a spatial arrangement for transmitting uplink signals via the uplink resources. The wireless device may determine a spatial domain transmission filter for transmitting uplink signals via the uplink resources based on the spatial relationship.

[0221] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may not indicate a spatial relationship of uplink resources in a plurality of uplink resources. The wireless device may determine a default spatial relationship (or default TCI state) for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources based on one or more configuration parameters not indicating a spatial relationship of uplink resources. In an existing system, the wireless device may determine a default spatial relationship based on a coreset in one or more coresets in an active downlink BWP. The wireless device may monitor the coreset based on the TCI state. The TCI state may indicate a spatial domain beam for receiving downlink control information in the coreset. The default spatial relationship for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources may be the TCI state of the coreset. The wireless device may determine a default spatial domain transmission filter based on the TCI state of the coreset. The wireless device may transmit an uplink signal via the uplink resource using a default spatial domain transmission filter. The wireless device may use the default spatial domain transmission filter to repeat the transmission of the uplink signal across multiple time slots (or mini-time slots, or symbols, etc.) / on multiple time slots.

[0222] In an exemplary scenario, a wireless device may be served by (e.g., transmit to or receive from) multiple TRPs including a first TRP and a second TRP. In an example, one or more configuration parameters may not indicate a spatial relationship of uplink resources in a plurality of uplink resources. In an implementation of existing behavior, the wireless device may select a (single) default spatial relationship for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources based on the TCI state of the coreset. This may not be efficient when the wireless device is served by multiple TRPs. The wireless device may use different beams (e.g., different directions, different widths, narrow-wide, etc.) for the first TRP and the second TRP. The wireless device may not utilize spatial diversity based on selecting a (single) default spatial relationship. For example, when a spatial domain transmission filter determined based on the (single) default spatial relationship fails, for example, due to movement, obstacles, high speed, etc., the base station may not be able to successfully receive an uplink signal from the wireless device. This may increase the error rate. This may reduce the data rate. This may result in coverage loss. This may increase retransmissions. Increased retransmissions may result in increased power consumption.

[0223] The exemplary embodiment improves / enhances the existing default spatial relationship mechanism when a wireless device is served by multiple TRPs.

[0224] In an exemplary embodiment, the wireless device may determine whether to select a single default spatial relationship or two default spatial relationships. For example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate an enable parameter indicating whether to select a single default spatial relationship or two default spatial relationships. For example, the wireless device may determine to select two default spatial relationships based on at least one TCI code point indicating two TCI states. The wireless device may determine to select a single default spatial relationship based on no TCI code point indicating two TCI states. For example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate a repetition scheme (e.g., TDM, FDM, SDM, CDM, etc.). The wireless device may determine to select two default spatial relationships based on the one or more configuration parameters indicating the repetition scheme.

[0225] In an exemplary embodiment, the wireless device may determine two default spatial relationships based on a rule. For example, the wireless device may determine two default spatial relationships based on two TCI states indicated by the lowest TCI code point. For example, the wireless device may determine two default spatial relationships based on two TCI states of two coresets with the lowest two coreset indexes in the active downlink BWP. One or more coresets may include two coresets. For example, the wireless device may determine a first default spatial relationship of the two default spatial relationships based on the TCI state of the coreset with the lowest coreset index in the active downlink BWP, and determine a second default spatial relationship of the two default spatial relationships based on two TCI states indicated by the second TCI state of the lowest TCI code point. One or more coresets may include a coreset.

[0226] The wireless device can determine two default spatial domain transmission filters based on two default spatial relationships. The wireless device can transmit uplink signals using the two default spatial domain transmission filters via uplink resources. The wireless device can use the two default spatial domain transmission filters to repeat the transmission of uplink signals across multiple time slots (or mini-time slots, or symbols, etc.) / over multiple time slots. Using the two default spatial domain transmission filters to repeat the transmission of uplink signals across multiple time slots / over multiple time slots can increase robustness. When the first default spatial domain transmission filter of the two default spatial domain transmission filters fails, the second default spatial domain transmission filter of the two default spatial domain transmission filters can work, and vice versa. This can reduce the error rate. This can increase the data rate. This can reduce coverage loss. This can reduce retransmissions. Reduced retransmissions can result in reduced power consumption.

[0227] The wireless device may receive an activation command to update the TCI state of the coreset to a second TCI state. The wireless device may receive the activation command, for example, during a time slot in a plurality of time slots in which the wireless device repeatedly transmits an uplink signal. In an implementation of the prior art, the wireless device may determine a second default spatial domain transmission filter for uplink signal transmission in the remaining time slots in the plurality of time slots. This may result in a first repetition of the uplink signal being performed using the default spatial domain transmission filter, and a second repetition of the uplink signal being performed using the second default spatial domain transmission filter. Switching the default spatial domain transmission filter during the repetition of the uplink signal may be inefficient. Switching beams may require a time delay / gap. The wireless device may not be able to switch to the second default spatial domain transmission filter before the next repetition of the uplink signal. This may result in an increased error rate, increased waiting time / delay, and / or increased power consumption.

[0228] In an exemplary embodiment, when the wireless device receives an activation command to update the TCI state of the coreset to a second TCI state, the wireless device may not use the second default spatial domain transmission filter to transmit the uplink signal in the remaining time slots of the plurality of time slots. For example, the wireless device may use the default spatial domain transmission filter to maintain the repetition of transmitting the uplink signal regardless of the update of the TCI state of the coreset during the plurality of time slots. This may result in the use of the (same) default spatial domain transmission filter in each repetition of the uplink signal. This may result in reduced error rate, reduced latency / delay, and / or reduced power consumption.

[0229] Figure 17 、 Figure 18 and Figure 19 is an example of spatial domain transmission filter determination for beam management according to one aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0230] Figure 20 、 Figure 21 and Figure 22 is an example of path loss reference signal determination for beam management according to one aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0231] Figure 23 is an example of an uplink repetition scheme for beam management according to one aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0232] In an example, a wireless device may Figures 17 to 22The wireless device may receive one or more messages at time T0. In an example, the one or more messages may be received from a base station. The one or more messages may include one or more configuration parameters. In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may be RRC configuration parameters. In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may be RRC reconfiguration parameters.

[0233] In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may be cell-specific.In an example, at least one configuration parameter of the one or more configuration parameters may be cell-specific.

[0234] In an example, the cell may be a primary cell (PCell). In an example, the cell may be a secondary cell (SCell). The cell may be a secondary cell configured with a PUCCH (eg, a PUCCH SCell).

[0235] In an example, the cell may be, for example, an unlicensed cell operating in an unlicensed frequency band. In an example, the cell may be, for example, a licensed cell operating in a licensed frequency band. In an example, the cell may operate in a first frequency range (FR1). For example, FR1 may include a frequency band below 6 GHz. In an example, the cell may operate in a second frequency range (FR2). For example, FR2 may include a frequency band from 24 GHz to 52.6 GHz. In an example, the cell may operate above 52.6 GHz.

[0236] In an example, a wireless device may perform an uplink transmission via a cell at a first time and at a first frequency. The wireless device may perform a downlink reception via the cell at a second time and at a second frequency. In an example, the cell may operate in time division duplex (TDD). In TDD, the first frequency and the second frequency may be the same. In TDD, the first time and the second time may be different. In an example, the cell may operate in frequency division duplex (FDD). In FDD, the first frequency and the second frequency may be different. In FDD, the first time and the second time may be the same.

[0237] In an example, the wireless device may be in RRC connected mode.

[0238] In an example, the wireless device may be in RRC idle mode.

[0239] In an example, the wireless device may be in RRC inactive mode.

[0240] In an example, a cell may include multiple BWPs. The multiple BWPs may include one or more uplink BWPs, including the uplink BWP of the cell. The multiple BWPs may include one or more downlink BWPs, including the downlink BWP of the cell.

[0241] In an example, a BWP in the plurality of BWPs may be in one of an active state and an inactive state. In an example, in the active state of a downlink BWP in the one or more downlink BWPs, the wireless device may monitor downlink channels / signals (e.g., PDCCH, DCI, CSI-RS, PDSCH) on, for, or via the downlink BWP. In an example, in the active state of a downlink BWP in the one or more downlink BWPs, the wireless device may receive a PDSCH on, for, or via the downlink BWP. In an example, in the inactive state of a downlink BWP in the one or more downlink BWPs, the wireless device may not monitor downlink channels / signals (e.g., PDCCH, DCI, CSI-RS, PDSCH) on, for, or via the downlink BWP. In the inactive state of a downlink BWP in the one or more downlink BWPs, the wireless device may stop monitoring downlink channels / signals (e.g., PDCCH, DCI, CSI-RS, PDSCH) on, for, or via the downlink BWP. In an example, in an inactive state of a downlink BWP in one or more downlink BWPs, the wireless device cannot receive PDSCH on / via / for the downlink BWP. In an inactive state of a downlink BWP in one or more downlink BWPs, the wireless device may stop receiving PDSCH on / via / for the downlink BWP.

[0242] In an example, in an active state of an uplink BWP among the one or more uplink BWPs, the wireless device may transmit uplink signals / channels (e.g., PUCCH, preamble, PUSCH, PRACH, SRS, etc.) on / via the uplink BWP. In an example, in an inactive state of an uplink BWP among the one or more uplink BWPs, the wireless device may not transmit uplink signals / channels (e.g., PUCCH, preamble, PUSCH, PRACH, SRS, etc.) on / via the uplink BWP.

[0243] In an example, the wireless device may activate a downlink BWP from the one or more downlink BWPs of the cell. In an example, activating the downlink BWP may include the wireless device setting (or switching) the downlink BWP to an active downlink BWP of the cell. In an example, activating the downlink BWP may include the wireless device setting the downlink BWP to an active state. In an example, activating the downlink BWP may include switching the downlink BWP from an inactive state to an active state.

[0244] In an example, the wireless device may activate an uplink BWP of the one or more uplink BWPs of the cell. In an example, activating the uplink BWP may include the wireless device setting (or switching) the uplink BWP to an active uplink BWP of the cell. In an example, activating the uplink BWP may include the wireless device setting the uplink BWP to an active state. In an example, activating the uplink BWP may include switching the uplink BWP from an inactive state to an active state.

[0245] In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may be for an (active) downlink BWP of a cell.In an example, at least one of the one or more configuration parameters may be for a downlink BWP of a cell.

[0246] In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may be for an (active) uplink BWP of a cell.In an example, at least one of the one or more configuration parameters may be for an uplink BWP of a cell.

[0247] In an example, the wireless device may transmit a UE capability message including UE capability information to a base station, for example. The UE capability information may indicate / include support for beam correspondence without uplink beam sweeping (e.g., beamCorrespondenceWithoutUL-BeamSweeping). In an example, the wireless device may set the value of beamCorrespondenceWithoutUL-BeamSweeping in the UE capability message to a first value (e.g., one) to indicate support for beam correspondence without uplink sweeping.

[0248] In an example, based on UE capability information indicating support for beam correspondence without uplink beam scanning, the wireless device may select a (suitable) beam (or spatial domain transmission filter) for uplink transmission based on downlink measurement values ​​without relying on uplink beam scanning. The wireless device may not select a (suitable) beam (or spatial domain transmission filter) for uplink transmission based on uplink beam scanning.

[0249] In an example, the UE capability information may indicate support for repeated transmission of uplink signals via uplink resources. For example, the repetition may be in TDM. For example, the repetition may be in FDM. For example, the repetition may be in SDM (e.g., spatial domain / time division multiplexing). For example, the repetition may be in CDM (e.g., code domain / time division multiplexing).

[0250] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate a plurality of uplink resources. For example, a plurality of uplink resources may be on a cell (or indicated for a cell). The cell may include a plurality of uplink resources. For example, a plurality of uplink resources may be on a (active) uplink BWP of a cell (or indicated for the uplink BWP). The (active) uplink BWP of a cell may include a plurality of uplink resources. The plurality of uplink resources may be Figures 17 to 22 Uplink resources in .

[0251] In an example, the plurality of uplink resources may include a plurality of PUCCH resources.

[0252] In an example, the plurality of uplink resources may include a plurality of SRS resources.

[0253] In an example, the plurality of uplink resources may include a plurality of PUSCH resources. For example, the wireless device may receive DCI (e.g., DCI 0-0, DCI 0-1, DCI 0-2, etc.) scheduling transmission of one or more transport blocks via the plurality of PUSCH resources. For example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate a plurality of PUSCH resources for a configured uplink grant (e.g., a configured uplink grant type 1, a configured uplink grant type 2). The wireless device may transmit the one or more transport blocks for the configured uplink grant via the plurality of PUSCH resources.

[0254] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may include / indicate multiple uplink resource indexes / identifiers (e.g., PUCCH-ResourceId) that identify / indicate multiple uplink resources. In an example, each uplink resource in the multiple uplink resources may be identified / indicated by a corresponding uplink resource index / identifier in the multiple uplink resource indexes / identifiers. In an example, a first uplink resource in the multiple uplink resources may be identified / indicated by a first uplink resource index / identifier in the multiple uplink resource indexes / identifiers. A second uplink resource in the multiple uplink resources may be identified / indicated by a second uplink resource index / identifier in the multiple uplink resource indexes / identifiers. One or more configuration parameters may include / indicate multiple uplink resources based on the one or more configuration parameters including / indicating multiple uplink resource indexes / identifiers, wherein the multiple uplink resource indexes / identifiers identify / indicate multiple uplink resources.

[0255] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more PUCCH formats for a plurality of uplink resources (e.g., provided by PUCCH-FormatConfig in PUCCH-Config). For each uplink resource in the plurality of uplink resources, the one or more configuration parameters may indicate a corresponding PUCCH format in the one or more PUCCH formats. In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may indicate a first PUCCH format in one or more PUCCH formats for a first uplink resource in the plurality of uplink resources. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate a second PUCCH format in one or more PUCCH formats for a second uplink resource in the plurality of uplink resources. The first PUCCH format and the second PUCCH format may, for example, be the same. For example, the first PUCCH format and the second PUCCH format may be different.

[0256] In an example, the PUCCH format of the one or more PUCCH formats may be PUCCH format 0 (e.g., provided by a higher layer parameter PUCCH-format0). The PUCCH format of the one or more PUCCH formats may be, for example, PUCCH format 1 (e.g., provided by a higher layer parameter PUCCH-format1). The PUCCH format of the one or more PUCCH formats may be, for example, PUCCH format 2 (e.g., provided by a higher layer parameter PUCCH-format2). The PUCCH format of the one or more PUCCH formats may be, for example, PUCCH format 3 (e.g., provided by a higher layer parameter PUCCH-format3).

[0257] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may include an enabling parameter (e.g., enableDefaultBeamPlForPUSCH0_0, enableDefaultBeamPlForPUCCH, enableDefaultBeamPlForSRS). The enabling parameter may be set to "enabled". One or more configuration parameters may indicate "enabled" for the enabling parameter. The value of the enabling parameter may indicate / be "enabled". The enabling parameter may be used for the cell. The enabling parameter may enable determination / selection of a default spatial relationship for transmitting uplink signals (e.g., SR, CSI, HARQ-ACK, UCI, PUCCH) via uplink resources (e.g., PUCCH resources, SRS resources, PUSCH resources). The enabling parameter may enable determination / selection of a default path loss reference signal for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources. The multiple uplink resources may include uplink resources. In an example, the wireless device may determine / select a default spatial relationship and a default path loss reference signal for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources based on one or more configuration parameters, including, for example, an enabling parameter set to "enabled". In an example, the wireless device may determine / select a default spatial relationship and a default path loss reference signal in response to not providing a spatial relationship for uplink resources. Not providing a spatial relationship for uplink resources may, for example, include one or more configuration parameters not indicating a spatial relationship for uplink resources. Not providing a spatial relationship for uplink resources may, for example, include not receiving an activation command (e.g., a MAC CE) indicating a spatial relationship for uplink resources. Not providing a spatial relationship for uplink resources may include receiving a DCI (e.g., DCI 0-0) scheduling transmission of an uplink signal (e.g., PUSCH, transport block) via the uplink resources. The DCI may not include a field indicating a spatial relationship. The field may be an SRI field. In an example, the wireless device may determine / select a default spatial relationship and a default path loss reference signal in response to not providing at least one path loss reference RS for uplink resources (e.g., provided by a higher layer parameter pathlossReferenceRSs). Not providing at least one path loss reference RS for uplink resources may, for example, include one or more configuration parameters not indicating at least one path loss reference RS for uplink resources. The failure to provide at least one path loss reference RS for the uplink resource may, for example, include not receiving an activation command (e.g., a MAC CE) indicating at least one path loss reference RS for the uplink resource. In an example, the wireless device may determine / select a default spatial relationship and a default path loss reference signal in response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating, for example, at least one path loss reference RS for the uplink BWP.

[0258] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may include a second enabling parameter (e.g., enableTwoDefaultBeamsPlForPUSCH0_0, enableTwoDefaultBeamsPlForPUCCH, enableTwoDefaultBeamsPlForSRS). The second enabling parameter may be set to "enabled". One or more configuration parameters may indicate "enabled" for the second enabling parameter. The value of the second enabling parameter may indicate / be "enabled". The second enabling parameter may be used for the cell, for example. The second enabling parameter may enable determination / selection of at least two default spatial relationships for transmitting uplink signals (e.g., SR, CSI, HARQ-ACK, UCI, PUCCH) via uplink resources (e.g., PUCCH resources, SRS resources, PUSCH resources). The second enabling parameter may enable determination / selection of at least two default path loss reference signals for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources. The multiple uplink resources of the cell may include uplink resources. In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two default spatial relationships and at least two default path loss reference signals for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources based on one or more configuration parameters including, for example, a second enabling parameter set to "enabled".

[0259] In an example, a second enabling parameter may be used for an uplink resource in a plurality of uplink resources. One or more configuration parameters may indicate a corresponding second enabling parameter for each uplink resource in the plurality of uplink resources. The second enabling parameter may enable determination / selection of at least two default spatial relationships for transmitting uplink signals (e.g., SR, CSI, HARQ-ACK, UCI, PUCCH) via uplink resources (e.g., PUCCH resources, SRS resources, PUSCH resources). The second enabling parameter may enable determination / selection of at least two default path loss reference signals for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources. In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two default spatial relationships and at least two default path loss reference signals for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources based on one or more configuration parameters including, for example, a second enabling parameter for uplink resources set to "enabled".

[0260] In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may not include a second enabling parameter (e.g., enableTwoDefaultBeamsPlForPUSCH0_0, enableTwoDefaultBeamsPlForPUCCH, enableTwoDefaultBeamsPlForSRS). In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may include an enabling parameter (e.g., enableDefaultBeamPlForPUSCH0_0, enableDefaultBeamPlForPUCCH, enableDefaultBeamPlForSRS). The enabling parameter may be set to "enabled". In an example, the wireless device may determine / select a default spatial relationship and a default path loss reference signal for transmitting an uplink signal via an uplink resource based on the one or more configuration parameters not including the second enabling parameter. In an example, the wireless device may determine / select a default spatial relationship and a default path loss reference signal for transmitting an uplink signal via an uplink resource based on the one or more configuration parameters including the enabling parameter set to "enabled".

[0261] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may include a second enabling parameter (e.g., enableTwoDefaultBeamsPlForPUSCH0_0, enableTwoDefaultBeamsPlForPUCCH, enableTwoDefaultBeamsPlForSRS). The second enabling parameter may not be set to "enabled". One or more configuration parameters may not indicate "enabled" for the second enabling parameter. The value of the second enabling parameter may not indicate / be "enabled". In an example, one or more configuration parameters may include an enabling parameter (e.g., enableDefaultBeamPlForPUSCH0_0, enableDefaultBeamPlForPUCCH, enableDefaultBeamPlForSRS). The enabling parameter may be set to "enabled". In an example, the wireless device may determine / select a default spatial relationship and a default path loss reference signal for transmitting an uplink signal via an uplink resource based on the one or more configuration parameters not indicating "enabled" for the second enabling parameter. In an example, the wireless device may determine / select a default spatial relationship and a default path loss reference signal for transmitting an uplink signal via an uplink resource based on the one or more configuration parameters including the enabling parameter being set to "enabled".

[0262] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may include a second enabling parameter (e.g., enableTwoDefaultBeamsPlForPUSCH0_0, enableTwoDefaultBeamsPlForPUCCH, enableTwoDefaultBeamsPlForSRS). One or more configuration parameters may exclude enabling parameters (e.g., enableDefaultBeamPlForPUSCH0_0, enableDefaultBeamPlForPUCCH, enableDefaultBeamPlForSRS) based on the one or more configuration parameters including the second enabling parameter. In an example, one or more configuration parameters may include enabling parameters (e.g., enableDefaultBeamPlForPUSCH0_0, enableDefaultBeamPlForPUCCH, enableDefaultBeamPlForSRS). One or more configuration parameters may exclude the second enabling parameter (e.g., enableTwoDefaultBeamsPlForPUSCH0_0, enableTwoDefaultBeamsPlForPUCCH, enableTwoDefaultBeamPlForSRS) based on the one or more configuration parameters including the enabling parameter.

[0263] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may include a second enabling parameter (e.g., enableTwoDefaultBeamsPlForPUSCH0_0, enableTwoDefaultBeamsPlForPUCCH, enableTwoDefaultBeamsPlForSRS). The second enabling parameter may be set to "enabled". One or more configuration parameters may indicate "enabled" for the second enabling parameter. The value of the second enabling parameter may indicate / be "enabled". In an example, one or more configuration parameters may not include enabling parameters (e.g., enableDefaultBeamPlForPUSCH0_0, enableDefaultBeamPlForPUCCH, enableDefaultBeamPlForSRS) based on the one or more configuration parameters including the second enabling parameter set to "enabled". In an example, one or more configuration parameters may include enabling parameters (e.g., enableDefaultBeamPlForPUSCH0_0, enableDefaultBeamPlForPUCCH, enableDefaultBeamPlForSRS). The enabling parameter may not be set to "enabled". One or more configuration parameters may not indicate "enabled" for the enabling parameter. The value of the enabling parameter may not indicate / be "enabled". The enabling parameter may be set to “enabled” independently of the second enabling parameter being set to “enabled”.

[0264] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may include an enabling parameter (e.g., enableDefaultBeamPlForPUSCH0_0, enableDefaultBeamPlForPUCCH, enableDefaultBeamPlForSRS). The enabling parameter may be set to "enabled". One or more configuration parameters may indicate "enabled" for the enabling parameter. The value of the enabling parameter may indicate / be "enabled". In an example, one or more configuration parameters may not include a second enabling parameter (e.g., enableTwoDefaultBeamsPlForPUSCH0_0, enableTwoDefaultBeamsPlForPUCCH, enableTwoDefaultBeamsPlForSRS) based on the one or more configuration parameters including the enabling parameter being set to "enabled". In an example, one or more configuration parameters may include a second enabling parameter (e.g., enableTwoDefaultBeamsPlForPUSCH0_0, enableTwoDefaultBeamsPlForPUCCH, enableTwoDefaultBeamsPlForSRS). The second enabling parameter may not be set to "enabled". One or more configuration parameters may not indicate "enabled" for the second enabling parameter. The value of the second enabling parameter may not indicate / be “enabled.” The second enabling parameter may not be set to “enabled” based on the enabling parameter being set to “enabled.”

[0265] In an example, the enabling parameter and the second enabling parameter may not be "enabled" at the same time. One or more configuration parameters may not, for example, simultaneously / synchronously include the enabling parameter set to "enabled" and the second enabling parameter set to "enabled." One or more configuration parameters may, for example, simultaneously / synchronously include the enabling parameter set to "enabled" and the second enabling parameter set to "disabled." One or more configuration parameters may, for example, simultaneously / synchronously include the enabling parameter set to "disabled" and the second enabling parameter set to "enabled."

[0266] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may not indicate at least one path loss reference RS (e.g., pathlossReferenceRSs, PUCCH-PathlossReferenceRS, PathlossReferenceRS-Config, pathlossReferenceRS-List-r16, pathlossReferenceRS-List, SRS-PathlossReferenceRS). One or more configuration parameters may not indicate at least one path loss reference RS for a cell. One or more configuration parameters may not indicate at least one path loss reference RS for an (active) uplink BWP of a cell. In response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating at least one path loss reference RS, at least one path loss reference RS may not be provided to the wireless device.

[0267] In an example, the wireless device may not receive an activation command (e.g., an SRS Path Loss Reference RS Activation / Deactivation MAC CE, a PUCCH Spatial Relationship Activation / Deactivation MAC CE, an Enhanced PUCCH Spatial Relationship Activation / Deactivation MAC CE) indicating at least one path loss reference RS. The wireless device may, for example, not receive an activation command indicating at least one path loss reference RS for an (active) uplink BWP. The wireless device may, for example, not receive an activation command indicating at least one path loss reference RS for a cell. In response to not receiving the activation command indicating at least one path loss reference RS, the at least one path loss reference RS may not be provided to the wireless device. The wireless device may, for example, not receive an activation command indicating at least one path loss reference RS for an uplink resource from a plurality of uplink resources. In response to not receiving the activation command indicating at least one path loss reference RS for an uplink resource, the at least one path loss reference RS for the uplink resource may not be provided to the wireless device.

[0268] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may not indicate a spatial relationship (e.g., PUCCH-SpatialRelationInfo, spatialRelationInfo). One or more configuration parameters may not indicate a spatial relationship of cells. One or more configuration parameters may not indicate a spatial relationship of (active) uplink BWPs of cells. In response to the one or more configuration parameters not indicating a spatial relationship, the spatial relationship may not be provided to the wireless device. In an example, one or more configuration parameters may not indicate a spatial relationship of uplink resources among a plurality of uplink resources. Based on the one or more configuration parameters not indicating a spatial relationship of the uplink resources, the spatial relationship of the uplink resources may not be provided to the wireless device.

[0269] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate a plurality of spatial relations (e.g., PUCCH-SpatialRelationInfo, spatialRelationInfo). In an example, the wireless device may not receive an activation command (e.g., AP / SP SRS activation / deactivation MAC CE, PUCCH spatial relation activation / deactivation MAC CE) indicating a spatial relation for uplink resources in the plurality of uplink resources in the plurality of spatial relations. Based on not receiving the activation command indicating the spatial relation of the uplink resources, the spatial relation of the uplink resources may not be provided to the wireless device. Based on not receiving the activation command indicating the spatial relation, the spatial relation may not be provided to the wireless device.

[0270] In an example, a wireless device may receive DCI (e.g., DCI 0-0) scheduling transmission of an uplink signal (e.g., a transport block, PUSCH) via an uplink resource (e.g., a PUSCH resource) among a plurality of uplink resources. For example, the DCI may schedule transmission of the uplink signal via an (active) uplink BWP. The DCI may not indicate a spatial relationship for transmission of the uplink signal. The DCI may not include a field indicating a spatial relationship (e.g., an SRI field). Based on receiving the DCI not indicating a spatial relationship for transmission of the uplink signal via the uplink resources, the spatial relationship of the uplink resources may not be provided to the wireless device.

[0271] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more coresets (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 21 The first coreset in Figure 19 and Figure 22 The one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more coresets of the (active) downlink BWP of the cell. In an example, the (active) downlink BWP of the cell may include one or more coresets.

[0272] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more coreset indexes for one or more coresets (e.g., provided by a higher-layer parameter ControlResourceSetId). In an example, each coreset in the one or more coresets may be identified / indicated by a corresponding coreset index in the one or more coreset indexes. In an example, a first coreset in the one or more coresets may be identified by a first coreset index in the one or more coreset indexes. A second coreset in the one or more coresets may be identified by a second coreset index in the one or more coreset indexes.

[0273] In an example, the coreset index may be a coreset identifier.

[0274] In an example, a first coreset in one or more coresets may be identified / indicated by a coreset index in one or more coreset indices. In an example, the coreset index may be the lowest (or highest) of the one or more coreset indices. The first coreset (e.g., Figure 18 、 Figure 19 、 Figure 21 and Figure 22 The first coreset in the one or more coresets) can be identified / indicated by the lowest coreset index among the one or more coreset indices of the one or more coresets.

[0275] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate a first TCI state for a first coreset (e.g., Figure 18 、 Figure 19 、 Figure 21 and Figure 22 The higher layer parameters tci-StatesPDCCH-ToAddList, TCI state 8 are provided).

[0276] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate multiple TCI states for a first coreset (e.g., provided by a higher layer parameter tci-StatesPDCCH-ToAddList). The wireless device may receive a signal to activate / select / indicate / update a first TCI state for a first coreset (e.g., Figure 18 、 Figure 19 、 Figure 21 and Figure 22The activation command may include one or more fields. A first field in the one or more fields may indicate / include a coreset index of a first coreset. A second field in the one or more fields may indicate / include a first TCI state index of the first TCI state. A third field in the one or more fields may indicate / include a serving cell index of the cell (e.g., provided by a higher layer parameter ServCellIndex). One or more configuration parameters may indicate a serving cell index for the cell. A fourth field in the one or more fields may indicate / include a downlink BWP index of a downlink BWP. One or more configuration parameters may indicate a downlink BWP index for the downlink BWP.

[0277] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate TCI state indexes for a plurality of TCI states (e.g., provided by a higher layer parameter TCI-StateId). In an example, each TCI state in the plurality of TCI states may be identified / indicated by a corresponding TCI state index in the TCI state index. In an example, a first TCI state in the plurality of TCI states may be identified by a first TCI state index in the TCI state index. A second TCI state in the plurality of TCI states may be identified by a second TCI state index in the TCI state index. The TCI state index may include a first TCI state index that identifies / indicates a first TCI state of a first coreset / may include a first TCI state index of the first TCI state.

[0278] In an example, the TCI state index may be a TCI state identifier.

[0279] In an example, the first TCI state may indicate a first reference signal (e.g., CSI-RS, SSB / PBCH block, SRS, DM-RS). The first TCI state may include a first reference signal index (e.g., provided by higher layer parameters referenceSignal, ssb-index, csi-RS-Index, NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceId) that identifies (or indicates) the first reference signal (or may include the first reference signal index). One or more configuration parameters may indicate the first reference signal index for the first TCI state.

[0280] In an example, the first TCI state may indicate a first quasi co-location type of the first reference signal. For example, the first quasi co-location type may be QCL-Type D.

[0281] In an example, the first TCI state may be a first quasi-co-location (QCL) assumption / attribute / structure of the first coreset. The first QCL assumption / attribute / structure of the first coreset may indicate at least one of a channel characteristic, Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, and a spatial receive filter of the first coreset.

[0282] In an example, the wireless device may monitor a downlink control channel in a first coreset based on a first TCI state to obtain DCI. For example, the wireless device may monitor the downlink control channel in the first coreset based on the first TCI state to obtain DCI in response to receiving an activation command to activate / select / indicate / update the first TCI state of the first coreset. For example, the wireless device may monitor the downlink control channel in the first coreset based on the first TCI state to obtain DCI in response to one or more configuration parameters indicating the first TCI state of the first coreset. Monitoring the downlink control channel in the first coreset based on the first TCI state may include: one or more DM-RS antenna ports of a downlink control channel (e.g., a PDCCH) in the first coreset are quasi-co-located with a first reference signal indicated by the first TCI state. Relative to the first quasi-co-location type indicated by the first TCI state, the one or more DM-RS antenna ports may be quasi-co-located with the first reference signal. In an example, the wireless device may receive the DCI in the first coreset. For example, while monitoring the downlink control channel in the first coreset, the wireless device may receive the DCI in the first coreset.

[0283] In an example, the plurality of uplink resources may include uplink resources (eg, PUCCH resources, SRS resources, PUSCH resources). The uplink resources are Figures 17 to 22 Uplink resources in .

[0284] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states. The wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states for transmitting uplink signals (e.g., PUCCH, SR, CSI report, UCI, HARQ-ACK) via uplink resources.

[0285] In an example, the uplink signal may be a PUCCH. In an example, the uplink signal may be a PUCCH with UCI. For example, the uplink signal may be uplink control information (UCI). For example, the UCI may include an SR. For example, the UCI may include a CSI report. For example, the UCI may include a HARQ-ACK.

[0286] In an example, the wireless device may be serviced by multiple TRPs (e.g., transmit to and / or receive from multiple TRPs). The wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states based on being serviced by the multiple TRPs.

[0287] In an example, the wireless device may be configured to generate a TCI code point based on at least one of the one or more TCI code points (e.g., Figure 17 、 Figure 18 、 Figure 20 and Figure 21 The TCI code point 001 and the TCI code point 010 in the embodiment include / indicate at least two TCI states to determine / select at least two TCI states.

[0288] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states based on one or more configuration parameters indicating at least two coreset pool indexes. A first TRP among a plurality of TRPs may transmit DCI via one or more first coresets having a first coreset pool index (e.g., 0). The first TRP may not transmit DCI via one or more second coresets having a second coreset pool index (e.g., 1). A second TRP among a plurality of TRPs may not transmit DCI via one or more first coresets having a first coreset pool index. The second TRP may transmit DCI via one or more second coresets having a second coreset pool index. The at least two coreset pool indexes may include a first coreset pool index and a second coreset pool index. The one or more coresets may include one or more first coresets and one or more second coresets. The first coreset pool index may be different from the second coreset pool index.

[0289] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states based on one or more configuration parameters including an enabling parameter. The enabling parameter may be set to “enabled.” The one or more configuration parameters may indicate “enabled” for the enabling parameter.

[0290] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states based on one or more configuration parameters including a second enabling parameter. The second enabling parameter may be set to "enabled." The one or more configuration parameters may indicate "enabled" for the second enabling parameter.

[0291] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states based on one or more configuration parameters indicating a repetition scheme (e.g., FDM scheme, TDM scheme, SDM scheme, CDM scheme). The repetition scheme may be used to repeat the transmission of an uplink signal via an uplink resource.

[0292] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states based on UE capability information indicating / including support for beam correspondence without uplink beam scanning.

[0293] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states based on the UE capability information indicating support for repetition of transmission of uplink signals.

[0294] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states based on not being provided with at least one path loss reference RS.

[0295] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states based on one or more configuration parameters not indicating at least one path loss reference RS.

[0296] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states based on not receiving an activation command indicating at least one path loss reference RS.

[0297] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states based on no spatial relationship being provided.

[0298] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states based on one or more configuration parameters not indicating a spatial relationship.

[0299] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states based on one or more configuration parameters not indicating a spatial relationship of uplink resources.

[0300] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states based on not receiving an activation command indicating a spatial relationship.

[0301] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states based on not receiving an activation command indicating a spatial relationship of uplink resources.

[0302] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states based on receiving a DCI that schedules transmission of an uplink signal via uplink resources without indicating a spatial relationship. The DCI may be DCI format 0-0.

[0303] In an example, the uplink resource may be a dedicated uplink resource. The dedicated uplink resource may not be shared with a second wireless device different from the wireless device. One or more configuration parameters may indicate the dedicated uplink resource.

[0304] In an example, uplink resources may not be indicated / configured using a SIB message.

[0305] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate multiple transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states (e.g., TCI state 1, TCI state 2...TCI state 128, etc. provided by a higher layer parameter tci-StatesToAddModList in PDSCH_Config, PUSCH_Config, or PUCCH_Config).

[0306] For example, multiple TCI states may be used for (decoding) a PDSCH of / for a cell.One or more configuration parameters may indicate multiple TCI states for decoding a PDSCH of a downlink BWP of a cell.

[0307] For example, multiple TCI states may be used for transmission of uplink signals (e.g., UCI, PUSCH, transport block, SR, CSI, HARQ-ACK) on / for / on uplink resources (e.g., PUSCH resources, PUCCH resources, SRS resources) of a cell. One or more configuration parameters may indicate multiple TCI states for transmission of uplink signals on / for / on uplink resources of / for / on uplink resources of an uplink BWP of a cell. The multiple uplink resources may include uplink resources.

[0308] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate a TCI state index for a plurality of TCI states (e.g., provided by a higher layer parameter TCI-StateId). In an example, each TCI state in the plurality of TCI states may be identified / indicated by a corresponding TCI state index in the TCI state index. In an example, a first TCI state in the plurality of TCI states may be identified by a first TCI state index in the TCI state index. A second TCI state in the plurality of TCI states may be identified by a second TCI state index in the TCI state index.

[0309] In an example, the wireless device may Figure 17 、 Figure 18 、 Figure 20 and Figure 21 At time T1 in the receiving process, at least one TCI state (e.g., Figure 17、 Figure 18 、 Figure 20 and Figure 21 In an example, the activation command may include one or more fields indicating at least one TCI state index of at least one TCI state. The TCI state index may include at least one TCI state index. The one or more fields may be set to a value (e.g., one) indicating activation of the at least one TCI state. Based on the one or more fields indicating that the at least one TCI state is set to the value, the wireless device may activate the at least one TCI state.

[0310] In an example, the wireless device may map at least one TCI state to one or more TCI code points (e.g., Figure 17 、 Figure 18 、 Figure 20 and Figure 21 000, 001, 010, 011 in the at least one TCI state). Mapping the at least one TCI state to the one or more TCI code points may include grouping the at least one TCI state into the one or more TCI code points. Each of the one or more TCI code points may include / indicate one or more TCI states in the at least one TCI state. In an example, Figure 17 、 Figure 18 、 Figure 20 and Figure 21 In the embodiment, at least one TCI state is TCI state 5, TCI state 8, TCI state 23, TCI state 4, TCI state 11, and TCI state 1. One or more TCI code points are TCI code point 000, TCI code point 001, TCI code point 010, and TCI code point 011. TCI state 5 is mapped to TCI code point 000; TCI state 8 and TCI state 23 are mapped to TCI code point 001; TCI state 4 and TCI state 11 are mapped to TCI code point 010; and TCI state 1 is mapped to TCI code point 011. Each TCI code point in the one or more TCI code points may be equal to the value of the TCI field in the DCI. The DCI may schedule a transport block (e.g., PDSCH, PUSCH). In an example, the TCI field in the DCI may indicate (or be equal to) a TCI code point in the one or more TCI code points. The TCI code point may include / indicate a TCI state in at least one TCI state.

[0311] In an example, a TCI code point in one or more TCI code points may indicate one or two TCI states. Figure 17 、 Figure 18 、 Figure 20 and Figure 21 In the example, TCI code point 000 indicates one TCI state (e.g., TCI state 5). TCI code point 011 indicates one TCI state (e.g., TCI state 1). TCI code point 001 indicates two TCI states (e.g., TCI state 8 and TCI state 23). TCI code point 010 indicates two TCI states (e.g., TCI state 4 and TCI state 11).

[0312] In an example, one or more TCI code points (e.g., Figure 17 、 Figure 18 、 Figure 20 and Figure 21 In an example, at least one TCI state may include a single TCI state. The wireless device may map the single TCI state to a TCI code point.

[0313] In an example, a TCI code point in one or more TCI code points (e.g., Figure 17 、 Figure 18 、 Figure 20 and Figure 21 The TCI code point 001 or TCI code point 010 in the wireless device may include or indicate at least two TCI states (e.g., TCI state 8 and TCI state 23 in TCI code point 001, or TCI state 4 and TCI state 11 in TCI code point 010). In an example, the at least one TCI state may include at least two TCI states. The wireless device may map the at least two TCI states to the TCI code point.

[0314] In an example, the at least one TCI state may include a first TCI state and a second TCI state. The wireless device may map the first TCI state (e.g., TCI state 8) and the second TCI state (e.g., TCI state 23) to a TCI code point (e.g., 001) among the one or more TCI code points. The TCI code point (e.g., TCI code point 001) may include / indicate at least two TCI states, including the first TCI state and the second TCI state.

[0315] In an example, a TCI code point (eg, TCI code point 001 and TCI code point 010 ) among the one or more TCI code points may include / indicate at least two TCI states.

[0316] In an example, at least one TCI code point among the one or more TCI code points (e.g., TCI code point 001 and TCI code point 010) may include / indicate at least two TCI states. The at least one TCI state indicated / activated / updated / selected by the activation command may include at least two TCI states.

[0317] In an example, at least one TCI state may apply to a PDSCH in a cell. In an example, at least one TCI state may apply to a PDSCH in an active downlink BWP of a cell. In an example, the at least one TCI state applicable to a PDSCH in an active downlink BWP of a cell may include: DCI for a PDSCH scheduled by the active downlink BWP of the cell indicates a TCI state in the at least one TCI state upon reception / decoding of the PDSCH. A TCI code point in one or more TCI code points may include a TCI state. A TCI field of the DCI may be equal to the TCI code point. In an example, the at least one TCI state applicable to a PDSCH in an active downlink BWP of a cell may include: DCI for a PDSCH scheduled by the active downlink BWP of the cell does not indicate a TCI state that is not in the at least one TCI state upon reception / decoding of the PDSCH. In an example, when DCI for a PDSCH scheduled by the active downlink BWP of the cell indicates a TCI state in the at least one TCI state upon reception / decoding of the PDSCH, the wireless device may receive / decode the PDSCH based on the TCI state. Receiving / decoding PDSCH based on the TCI state may include (determining) that at least one DM-RS port of the PDSCH is quasi-co-located (QCLed) with a reference signal indicated by the TCI state relative to the quasi-co-location type (e.g., QCL type D) indicated by the TCI state.

[0318] In an example, a wireless device may receive DCI that schedules a PDSCH (or TB). In an example, the wireless device may receive the DCI via a scheduling cell. In an example, the DCI may schedule the PDSCH for an active downlink BWP of the cell. In an example, the DCI may indicate a TCI state from among at least one TCI state. In an example, the DCI may include a TCI field indicating the TCI state. Based on the TCI field indicating the TCI state, the wireless device may receive / decode the PDSCH for the active downlink BWP of the cell based on the TCI state. The one or more TCI code points may include a TCI code point that includes the TCI state. The value of the TCI field in the DCI may be equal to the TCI code point.

[0319] In an example, at least one TCI state may be applicable to uplink transmissions (e.g., PUSCH, PUCCH) in a cell. In an example, at least one TCI state may be applicable to uplink transmissions in an active uplink BWP of a cell. In an example, the at least one TCI state applicable to an uplink in an active downlink BWP of a cell may include: DCI for scheduling uplink transmissions for the cell's active uplink BWP indicates a TCI state from the at least one TCI state for the uplink transmission. A TCI code point from one or more TCI code points may include a TCI state. A TCI field of the DCI may be equal to the TCI code point. In an example, the at least one TCI state applicable to an uplink in an active uplink BWP of a cell may include: DCI for scheduling uplink transmissions for the cell's active uplink BWP does not indicate a TCI state for the uplink transmission that is not in the at least one TCI state. In an example, when DCI for scheduling uplink transmissions for the cell's active uplink BWP indicates a TCI state from the at least one TCI state for the uplink transmission, the wireless device may perform uplink transmission based on the TCI state. Performing uplink transmission based on the TCI state may include (determining) that at least one DM-RS port of the uplink transmission is quasi-co-located (QCLed) with a reference signal indicated by the TCI state relative to a quasi-co-location type (e.g., QCL type D) indicated by the TCI state.

[0320] In an example, a wireless device may receive DCI that schedules an uplink transmission (e.g., PUSCH, PUCCH, TB). In an example, the wireless device may receive the DCI via a scheduling cell. In an example, the DCI may schedule an uplink transmission for an active uplink BWP of the cell. In an example, the DCI may indicate a TCI state from among at least one TCI state. In an example, the DCI may include a TCI field that indicates the TCI state. Based on the TCI field that indicates the TCI state, the wireless device may perform an uplink transmission for the active uplink BWP of the cell based on the TCI state. The one or more TCI code points may include a TCI code point that includes the TCI state. The value of the TCI field in the DCI may be equal to the TCI code point.

[0321] In an example, the wireless device may determine that at least one TCI code point among the one or more TCI code points (e.g., TCI code point 001 and TCI code point 010) indicates / includes / contains at least two TCI states (e.g., TCI state 8 and TCI state 23 for TCI code point 001; and TCI state 4 and TCI state 11 for TCI code point 010). The at least one TCI state indicated / activated / updated / selected by the activation command may include at least two TCI states.

[0322] In an example, the at least two TCI states indicated by a TCI code point in the at least one TCI code point may be different. For example, the TCI code point in the at least one TCI code point may indicate / include / contain at least two TCI states. A first TCI state in the at least two TCI states and a second TCI state in the at least two TCI states may be different.

[0323] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select the selected TCI code point from the at least one TCI code point. The wireless device may determine / select the selected TCI code point from the at least one TCI code point based on determining that the at least one TCI code point indicates / includes / contains at least two TCI states.

[0324] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select the selected TCI code point among the at least one TCI code point based on the selected TCI code point having / being the lowest (or highest) TCI code point among the at least one TCI code point. The wireless device may determine / select the selected TCI code point among the at least one TCI code point based on the selected TCI code point being the lowest (or highest) among the at least one TCI code point. Figure 17 、 Figure 18 、 Figure 20 and Figure 21 In the embodiment, the at least one TCI code point includes a first TCI code point (TCI code point 001) and a second TCI code point (TCI code point 010). In an example, based on the first TCI code point (TCI code point 001) having / being a lower (or higher) TCI code point than the second TCI code point (TCI code point 010), the wireless device may select the first TCI code point (TCI code point 001) as the selected TCI code point. Based on the first TCI code point (TCI code point 001) being lower (or higher) than the second TCI code point (TCI code point 010), the wireless device may select the first TCI code point (TCI code point 001) as the selected TCI code point.

[0325] In an example, at least one TCI code point may indicate / include one or more TCI states (e.g., TCI state 8, TCI state 23, TCI state 4, TCI state 11). The wireless device may determine / select a selected TCI code point among the at least one TCI code point based on the selected TCI code point including / indicating a TCI state having a lowest (or highest) TCI state index among one or more TCI state indexes of the one or more TCI states. The at least one TCI state indicated / selected / activated / updated by the activation command may include one or more TCI states. The at least one TCI state index of the at least one TCI state may include one or more TCI state indexes. Figure 17 、 Figure 18 、 Figure 20 and Figure 21 In the example, the at least one TCI code point includes a first TCI code point (TCI code point 001) and a second TCI code point (TCI code point 010). The one or more TCI states include TCI state 8, TCI state 23, TCI state 4, and TCI state 11. In an example, based on a first TCI state index of TCI state 8 in the first TCI code point (TCI code point 001) being lower than (or higher than) a second TCI state index of TCI state 4 and a third TCI state index of TCI state 11 in the second TCI code point (TCI code point 010), the wireless device may select the first TCI code point (TCI code point 001) as the selected TCI code point. In the example, based on the third TCI state index of TCI state 11 in the second TCI code point (TCI code point 010) being lower than (or higher than) the first TCI state index of TCI state 8 and the second TCI state index of TCI state 23 in the first TCI code point (TCI code point 001), the wireless device may select the second TCI code point (TCI code point 010) as the selected TCI code point.

[0326] In an example, the selected TCI code point may indicate at least two TCI states. Figure 17 、 Figure 18 、 Figure 20 and Figure 21 , when the selected TCI code point is TCI code point 001, the at least two TCI states are TCI state 8 and TCI state 23. When the selected TCI code point is TCI code point 010, the at least two TCI states are TCI state 4 and TCI state 11.

[0327] In an example, the at least two TCI states indicated by the selected TCI code point may include a first TCI state and a second TCI state.

[0328] In an example, a first TCI state among at least two TCI states may be the first element / member in a set / vector of at least two TCI states. A second TCI state among at least two TCI states may be the second element / member in a set / vector of at least two TCI states. For example, when at least two TCI states = [TCI state 8, TCI state 23], the first TCI state may be "TCI state 8" and the second TCI state may be "TCI state 23". When at least two TCI states = [TCI state 4, TCI state 11], the first TCI state may be "TCI state 4" and the second TCI state may be "TCI state 11".

[0329] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states for transmitting an uplink signal via an uplink resource based on the selected TCI code point. The at least two TCI states (determined / selected) may be at least two TCI states indicated by the selected TCI code point. For example, in Figure 17 and Figure 20 , when the selected TCI code point is TCI code point 001, the (determined / selected) at least two TCI states are TCI state 8 and TCI state 23. When the selected TCI code point is TCI code point 010, the (determined / selected) at least two TCI states are TCI state 4 and TCI state 11.

[0330] In an example, the spatial setting for transmission of an uplink signal can be the same as the spatial setting for PDSCH reception in at least two TCI states corresponding to the lowest TCI code point among one or more TCI code points containing two different TCI states (e.g., at least two TCI states) on an active downlink BWP for the cell.

[0331] In an example, the spatial setting for transmission of an uplink signal can be the same as the spatial setting for PUSCH transmission in at least two TCI states corresponding to the lowest TCI code point among one or more TCI code points containing two different TCI states (e.g., at least two TCI states) on the active downlink BWP for the cell.

[0332] In an example, in order to determine / calculate multiple transmission powers, the wireless device can determine at least two RS resource indices, which provide at least two RS resources with "QCL-Type D" in at least two TCI states corresponding to the lowest TCI code point (or corresponding to a selected TCI code point) among one or more TCI code points containing two different TCI states (e.g., at least two TCI states) on the active downlink BWP of the cell.

[0333] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states for transmitting an uplink signal via an uplink resource based on a selected TCI code point and a first coreset. The wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states for transmitting an uplink signal via an uplink resource based on a first TCI state of a first coreset identified / indicated by a lowest coreset index among one or more coreset indices of the one or more coresets (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 21The wireless device may determine / select a first TCI state of the at least two TCI states based on a second TCI state of the at least two TCI states indicated by a selected TCI code point. The first TCI state of the at least two TCI states may be a first TCI state of the first coreset identified / indicated by a lowest coreset index among one or more coreset indices of the one or more coresets. The wireless device may determine / select a second TCI state of the at least two TCI states based on a second TCI state of the at least two TCI states indicated by a selected TCI code point. The second TCI state of the at least two TCI states may be a second TCI state of the at least two TCI states indicated by a selected TCI code point (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 21 For example, the second TCI state of the at least two TCI states indicated by the selected TCI code point may be the second element / member of the set / vector of the at least two TCI states indicated by the selected TCI code point.

[0334] In an example, the first spatial setting for transmission of an uplink signal can be the same as the spatial setting for PDCCH reception in a first coreset having a lowest coreset index, and the second spatial setting for transmission of an uplink signal can be the same as the spatial setting for PDSCH reception in a second TCI state corresponding to the lowest TCI code point (or corresponding to a selected TCI code point) among one or more TCI code points containing two different TCI states (e.g., at least two TCI states) on an active downlink BWP for the cell.

[0335] In an example, the first spatial setting for transmission of an uplink signal can be the same as the spatial setting for transmission of a PDCCH in a first coreset having a lowest coreset index, and the second spatial setting for transmission of an uplink signal is the same as the spatial setting for reception of a PUSCH in a second TCI state corresponding to the lowest TCI code point (or corresponding to a selected TCI code point) among one or more TCI code points containing two different TCI states (e.g., at least two TCI states) on an active downlink BWP for the cell.

[0336] In an example, to determine / calculate multiple transmission powers, the wireless device may determine a first RS resource index that provides a first RS resource with "QCL-Type D" in a first TCI state (or QCL assumption) of a first coreset with a lowest coreset index, and a second RS resource index that provides a second RS resource with "QCL-Type D" in a second TCI state corresponding to a lowest TCI code point (or corresponding to a selected TCI code point) among one or more TCI code points containing two different TCI states (e.g., at least two TCI states) on an active downlink BWP of the cell.

[0337] In an example, the number of the one or more coresets may be equal to or greater than two. In an example, the wireless device may select / determine at least two coresets from the one or more coresets. In an example, the at least two coresets (e.g., Figure 19 and Figure 22The first coreset and the second coreset in the one or more coreset indexes can be identified / indicated by at least two coreset indexes in the one or more coreset indexes. Each coreset in the at least two coresets can be identified / indicated by the corresponding coreset index of the at least two coreset indexes. In an example, the at least two coreset indexes can be the lowest (or highest) of the one or more coreset indexes. The at least two coresets can be identified / indicated by the lowest at least two coreset indexes in the one or more coreset indexes of the one or more coresets. The at least two coresets can be identified / indicated by the at least two lowest (or highest) coreset indexes in the one or more coreset indexes of the one or more coresets. Selecting / determining at least two coresets may include selecting / determining at least two coresets identified / indicated by the lowest at least two coreset indexes in the one or more coreset indexes of the one or more coresets. Selecting / determining at least two coresets may include selecting / determining at least two coresets identified / indicated by the at least two lowest coreset indexes in the one or more coreset indexes of the one or more coresets. The wireless device may select / determine at least two coresets from one or more coresets based on at least two coreset indices of at least two coresets that are the lowest (or highest) among one or more coreset indices of the one or more coresets. For example, the number of at least two coresets may be two. The one or more coresets may include a first coreset, a second coreset, a third coreset, and a fourth coreset. The one or more coreset indexes may include a first coreset index of the first coreset, a second coreset index of the second coreset, a third coreset index of the third coreset, and a fourth coreset index of the fourth coreset. The first coreset index may be the lowest (or highest) among the first coreset index, the second coreset index, the third coreset index, and the fourth coreset index. The second coreset index may be lower (or higher) than the third coreset index and the fourth coreset index.The wireless device may select / determine the first coreset and the second coreset as at least two coresets based on the first coreset index and the second coreset index being the lowest (or highest) two coreset indices among the first coreset index, the second coreset index, the third coreset index, and the fourth coreset index.

[0338] In an example, the wireless device may be configured to receive a signal based on at least two TCI states (e.g., Figure 19 and Figure 22 The wireless device may monitor the downlink control channels in the at least two coresets based on the corresponding TCI state of the at least two coresets to obtain DCI. The wireless device may monitor the downlink control channels in each of the at least two coresets based on the corresponding TCI state of the at least two TCI states to obtain DCI. Monitoring the downlink control channels in the at least two coresets based on the at least two TCI states to obtain DCI may include quasi-co-location of DM-RS antenna ports of downlink control channels (e.g., PDCCH) in the at least two coresets with at least two reference signals indicated by the at least two TCI states. The corresponding DM-RS antenna ports in (or associated with) the DM-RS antenna ports in each coreset of the at least two coresets may be quasi-co-located with the reference signals of the at least two reference signals indicated by the corresponding TCI state of the at least two TCI states. For example, the wireless device may monitor the downlink control channels in each of the at least two TCI states based on the first TCI state of the at least two TCI states (e.g., Figure 19 and Figure 22 TCI state 8) to monitor the first coreset of at least two coresets (for example, Figure 19 and Figure 22 Monitoring the downlink control channel in the first coreset based on the first TCI state may include: one or more DM-RS antenna ports of the downlink control channel (e.g., PDCCH) in the first coreset being quasi-co-located with the first reference signal indicated by the first TCI state. Relative to the first quasi-co-location type indicated by the first TCI state, the one or more DM-RS antenna ports may be quasi-co-located with the first reference signal. The wireless device may monitor the downlink control channel in the first coreset based on the first TCI state to obtain the DCI. Figure 19 and Figure 22 TCI state 23 in the at least two coresets to monitor the second coreset (eg, Figure 19 and Figure 22Monitoring the downlink control channel in the second coreset based on the second TCI state may include: one or more DM-RS antenna ports of the downlink control channel (e.g., PDCCH) in the second coreset are quasi-co-located with a second reference signal indicated by the second TCI state. Relative to the second quasi-co-location type indicated by the second TCI state, the one or more DM-RS antenna ports may be quasi-co-located with the second reference signal. The at least two reference signals may include a first reference signal and a second reference signal.

[0339] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate at least two TCI states for at least two coresets (e.g., provided by a higher layer parameter tci-StatesPDCCH-ToAddList). One or more configuration parameters may indicate each of the at least two TCI states for corresponding coresets in the at least two coresets. For example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate a first TCI state for a first coreset. One or more configuration parameters may indicate a second TCI state for a second coreset.

[0340] In an example, a wireless device may receive one or more activation commands (e.g., TCI state indication for a UE-specific PDCCH MAC CE) to activate / select / indicate / update at least two TCI states of at least two coresets. Each of the one or more activation commands may activate / select / indicate / update a corresponding TCI state of at least two TCI states of a coreset in the at least two coresets. For example, a first activation command in the one or more activation commands may activate / select / indicate / update a first TCI state of a first coreset. One or more configuration parameters may indicate multiple TCI states of a first coreset (e.g., provided by a higher layer parameter TCI-statepdcch-ToAddList). The first activation command may activate / select / indicate / update a first TCI state for a first coreset in a plurality of TCI states. A second activation command in the one or more activation commands may activate / select / indicate / update a second TCI state of a second coreset. One or more configuration parameters may indicate multiple TCI states of a second coreset (e.g., provided by a higher layer parameter TCI-statepdcch-ToAddList). The second activation command may activate / select / indicate / update a second TCI state for a second coreset from among the plurality of TCI states. The first activation command and the second activation command may be the same or different. The wireless device may receive the first activation command and the second activation command simultaneously or at different times.

[0341] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources based on at least two coresets. The at least two TCI states (determined / selected) may be at least two TCI states indicated by the at least two coresets. The at least two TCI states (determined / selected) may be at least two TCI states of the at least two coresets. The at least two TCI states (determined / selected) may be at least two TCI states activated / indicated / updated / selected for the at least two coresets by one or more activation commands. The at least two TCI states (determined / selected) may be at least two TCI states indicated by one or more configuration parameters for the at least two coresets. The at least two TCI states (determined / selected) may be at least two TCI states for monitoring downlink control channels in the at least two coresets. For example, in Figure 19 and Figure 22 , when the at least two coresets are the first coreset and the second coreset, the (determined / selected) at least two TCI states are TCI state 8 and TCI state 23.

[0342] In an example, the spatial setting used for transmission of uplink signals may be the same as the spatial setting used for PDCCH reception in at least two coresets with the lowest two coreset indices on the active downlink BWP of the cell.

[0343] In an example, the first spatial setting may be a first TCI state. The second spatial setting may be a second TCI state. The spatial setting may include the first spatial setting and the second spatial setting.

[0344] In an example, in order to determine / calculate multiple transmission powers, the wireless device can determine at least two RS resource indices that provide RS resources with "QCL-type D" in at least two TCI states (or at least two QCL assumptions) of at least two coresets with the lowest two coreset indices in the active downlink BWP of the cell.

[0345] In an example, the (determined / selected) at least two TCI states may indicate at least two reference signals (e.g., CSI-RS, SSB / PBCH block, SRS, DM-RS). Each TCI state of the at least two TCI states may indicate a corresponding reference signal of the at least two reference signals. Each TCI state of the at least two TCI states may include a reference signal index (e.g., provided by higher layer parameters referenceSignal, ssb-index, csi-RS-Index, NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceId) that identifies (or indicates) the corresponding reference signal (or may include the reference signal index of the corresponding reference signal). A first TCI state of the at least two TCI states (e.g., TCI state 8) may indicate a first reference signal of the at least two reference signals. A second TCI state of the at least two TCI states (e.g., TCI state 23) may indicate a second reference signal of the at least two reference signals. The first TCI state may include a first reference signal index (e.g., provided by higher layer parameters referenceSignal, ssb-index, csi-RS-Index, NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceId) that identifies (or indicates) a first reference signal. One or more configuration parameters may indicate the first reference signal index for the first TCI state. The second TCI state may include a second reference signal index (e.g., provided by higher layer parameters referenceSignal, ssb-index, csi-RS-Index, NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceId) that identifies (or indicates) a second reference signal. One or more configuration parameters may indicate the second reference signal index for the second TCI state.

[0346] In one example, the (determined / selected) at least two TCI states may indicate one or more quasi-co-location types. Each of the at least two TCI states may indicate a corresponding quasi-co-location type of the one or more quasi-co-location types. For example, the first TCI state may indicate a first quasi-co-location type for the first reference signal. The second TCI state may indicate a second quasi-co-location type for the second reference signal. The first quasi-co-location type and the second quasi-co-location type may be the same. For example, the first quasi-co-location type may be QCL type D, and the second quasi-co-location type may be QCL type D. The first quasi-co-location type may be QCL type A, and the second quasi-co-location type may be QCL type A. The first quasi-co-location type and the second quasi-co-location type may be different. For example, the first quasi-co-location type may be QCL type A, and the second quasi-co-location type may be QCL type D. The first quasi-co-location type may be QCL type C, and the second quasi-co-location type may be QCL type B. The one or more quasi-co-location types may include the first quasi-co-location type and the second quasi-co-location type.

[0347] In an example, a wireless device may determine a plurality of spatial domain transmission filters based on at least two TCI states. The wireless device may determine a plurality of spatial domain transmission filters for transmitting uplink signals (e.g., PUCCH, SR, CSI report, UCI, HARQ-ACK) via uplink resources from among a plurality of uplink resources. The wireless device may perform transmission of the uplink signal using the plurality of spatial domain transmission filters via the uplink resources. The wireless device may determine a spatial domain transmission filter from among the plurality of spatial domain transmission filters based on a TCI state from among the at least two TCI states. The wireless device may determine each of the plurality of spatial domain transmission filters based on a corresponding TCI state from among the at least two TCI states. In an example, determining the plurality of spatial domain transmission filters based on the at least two TCI states may include determining the plurality of spatial domain transmission filters based on at least two reference signals indicated by the at least two TCI states. The wireless device may determine each of the plurality of spatial domain transmission filters based on a reference signal indicated by a corresponding TCI state from among the at least two TCI states.

[0348] In an example, the wireless device may determine a first spatial domain transmission filter from among a plurality of spatial domain transmission filters based on a first TCI state (e.g., TCI state 8) among at least two TCI states. The wireless device may determine the first spatial domain transmission filter based on a first reference signal indicated by the first TCI state. The wireless device may transmit an uplink using the first spatial domain transmission filter via uplink resources. The wireless device may determine a second spatial domain transmission filter from among the plurality of spatial domain transmission filters based on a second TCI state (e.g., TCI state 23) among the at least two TCI states. The wireless device may determine a second spatial domain transmission filter based on a second reference signal indicated by the second TCI state. The wireless device may transmit an uplink using the second spatial domain transmission filter via uplink resources.

[0349] In an example, the wireless device may determine a spatial domain transmission filter for transmitting an uplink signal (e.g., PUCCH, SR, CSI report, UCI, HARQ-ACK) via an uplink resource based on a TCI state. The at least two TCI states may include a TCI state. The multiple spatial domain transmission filters may include a spatial domain transmission filter. The multiple uplink resources may include an uplink resource. The TCI state may indicate a reference signal (e.g., CSI-RS, SSB / PBCH block, SRS, DM-RS). The TCI state may include a reference signal index (e.g., provided by higher layer parameters referenceSignal, ssb-index, csi-RS-Index, NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceId) that identifies (or indicates) the reference signal (or may include a reference signal index). One or more configuration parameters may indicate a reference signal index / identifier for the reference signal. The wireless device may determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the reference signal indicated by the TCI state.

[0350] In an example, the reference signal may be a downlink reference signal. The downlink reference signal may include an SS / PBCH block. The downlink reference signal may include a CSI-RS (e.g., a periodic CSI-RS, a semi-persistent CSI-RS, an aperiodic CSI-RS). The downlink reference signal may include a DM-RS (e.g., a DM-RS of a PDCCH, a PDSCH, etc.). In an example, the wireless device may receive the downlink reference signal using a spatial domain receive filter. The wireless device may receive the downlink reference signal using the spatial domain receive filter. In an example, based on the reference signal being a downlink reference signal, the wireless device may determine that the spatial domain transmit filter is the same as the spatial domain receive filter used to receive the reference signal indicated by the TCI state. Based on the reference signal being a downlink reference signal, the wireless device may transmit an uplink signal via uplink resources using the same spatial domain transmit filter as the spatial domain receive filter. In an example, based on the reference signal being a downlink reference signal, the wireless device may transmit the uplink signal via uplink resources using the spatial domain receive filter. In an example, in response to the reference signal being a downlink reference signal, the wireless device may transmit an uplink signal via an uplink resource based on a spatial domain receive filter. Determining the spatial domain transmit filter based on the TCI state may include determining the spatial domain receive filter used to receive the reference signal indicated by the TCI state as the spatial domain transmit filter. Determining the spatial domain transmit filter based on the TCI state may include determining the same spatial domain transmit filter as the spatial domain receive filter used to receive the reference signal indicated by the TCI state.

[0351] In an example, the reference signal may be an uplink reference signal (e.g., a periodic SRS, a semi-persistent SRS, an aperiodic SRS, a DM-RS). In an example, the wireless device may transmit the uplink reference signal using a second spatial domain transmission filter. The wireless device may transmit the uplink reference signal using the second spatial domain transmission filter. In an example, based on the reference signal being the uplink reference signal, the wireless device may determine that the spatial domain transmission filter is the same as the second spatial domain transmission filter used to transmit the reference signal indicated by the TCI state. In an example, based on the reference signal being the uplink reference signal, the wireless device may transmit the uplink signal via the uplink resource using the same spatial domain transmission filter as the second spatial domain transmission filter used to transmit the uplink reference signal. In an example, based on the reference signal being the uplink reference signal, the wireless device may transmit the uplink signal via the uplink resource based on the second spatial domain transmission filter used to transmit the uplink reference signal. Determining the spatial domain transmission filter based on the TCI state may include determining the second spatial domain transmission filter used to transmit the reference signal indicated by the TCI state as the spatial domain transmission filter. Determining the spatial domain transmission filter based on the TCI status may include determining a spatial domain transmission filter that is the same as a second spatial domain transmission filter used to transmit a reference signal indicated by the TCI status.

[0352] In an example, determining the spatial domain transfer filter based on the TCI state may include determining a spatial domain filter used for transmitting or receiving a reference signal indicated by the TCI state as the spatial domain transfer filter. In an example, determining the spatial domain transfer filter based on the TCI state may include determining the same spatial domain transfer filter as the spatial domain filter used for transmitting or receiving the reference signal indicated by the TCI state.

[0353] In an example, determining the spatial domain transfer filter based on the reference signal indicated by the TCI state may include determining the spatial domain filter used for transmitting or receiving the reference signal as the spatial domain transfer filter. In an example, determining the spatial domain transfer filter based on the reference signal indicated by the TCI state may include determining the same spatial domain transfer filter as the spatial domain filter used for transmitting or receiving the reference signal.

[0354] In an example, a wireless device may determine / calculate / compute multiple transmission powers based on at least two TCI states. The wireless device may determine / calculate / compute multiple transmission powers for transmitting uplink signals (e.g., PUCCH, SR, CSI report, UCI, HARQ-ACK) via uplink resources from among a plurality of uplink resources. The wireless device may perform transmission of the uplink signal using the multiple transmission powers via the uplink resources. The wireless device may determine / calculate / compute a transmission power from among the multiple transmission powers based on a TCI state from among the at least two TCI states. The wireless device may determine / calculate / compute each of the multiple transmission powers based on a corresponding TCI state from among the at least two TCI states. In an example, determining / calculating / compute the multiple transmission powers based on the at least two TCI states may include determining / calculating / compute the multiple transmission powers based on at least two reference signals indicated by the at least two TCI states. The wireless device may determine / calculate / compute each of the multiple transmission powers based on a reference signal indicated by a corresponding TCI state from among the at least two TCI states.

[0355] In an example, the wireless device may determine / calculate / compute a first transmission power among a plurality of transmission powers based on a first TCI state (e.g., TCI state 8) among at least two TCI states. The wireless device may determine / calculate / compute the first transmission power based on a first reference signal indicated by the first TCI state. The wireless device may transmit an uplink at the first transmission power via an uplink resource. The wireless device may determine / calculate / compute a second transmission power among a plurality of transmission powers based on a second TCI state (e.g., TCI state 23) among the at least two TCI states. The wireless device may determine / calculate / compute the second transmission power based on a second reference signal indicated by the second TCI state. The wireless device may transmit an uplink at the second transmission power via an uplink resource. The at least two reference signals may include a first reference signal and a second reference signal.

[0356] In an example, determining / calculating / calculating a plurality of transmission powers based on at least two reference signals may include determining / calculating / calculating a plurality of downlink path loss estimates (or a plurality of path loss measurements) for the plurality of transmission powers based on the at least two reference signals (e.g., L1-RSRP, L3-RSRP, or higher filtered RSRP measurements thereof). The wireless device may determine / calculate / calculate each of the plurality of downlink path loss estimates based on a corresponding reference signal of the at least two reference signals (e.g., L1-RSRP, L3-RSRP, or higher filtered RSRP measurements thereof). The wireless device may use the plurality of downlink path loss estimates to determine / calculate / calculate a plurality of transmission powers for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources. The plurality of transmission powers may include a plurality of downlink path loss estimates. In an example, the wireless device may determine / calculate / calculate / measure at least two filtered RSRPs (e.g., L1-RSRP, L3-RSRP) of the at least two reference signals to obtain the plurality of downlink path loss estimates. The wireless device may determine / calculate / compute / measure at least two filtered RSRPs for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources.

[0357] In an example, determining / calculating / calculating a first transmission power based on a first reference signal may include determining / calculating / calculating a first downlink path loss estimate (or a first path loss measurement) for the first transmission power based on the first reference signal (e.g., an L1-RSRP, L3-RSRP, or higher filtered RSRP measurement thereof). The wireless device may use the first downlink path loss estimate to determine / calculate / calculate a first transmission power for transmitting an uplink signal via the uplink resource. The first transmission power may include the first downlink path loss estimate. In an example, the wireless device may determine / calculate / calculate / measure a first filtered RSRP (e.g., L1-RSRP, L3-RSRP) of the first reference signal to obtain the first downlink path loss estimate. The wireless device may determine / calculate / calculate / measure the first filtered RSRP for transmitting the uplink signal via the uplink resource. The multiple downlink path loss estimates may include the first downlink path loss estimate.

[0358] In an example, determining / calculating / calculating a second transmission power based on a second reference signal may include determining / calculating / calculating a second downlink path loss estimate (or a second path loss measurement) for the second transmission power based on the second reference signal (e.g., an L1-RSRP, L3-RSRP, or higher filtered RSRP measurement thereof). The wireless device may use the second downlink path loss estimate to determine / calculate / calculate a second transmission power for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources. The second transmission power may include a second downlink path loss estimate. In an example, the wireless device may determine / calculate / calculate / measure a second filtered RSRP (e.g., L1-RSRP, L3-RSRP) of the second reference signal to obtain a second downlink path loss estimate. The wireless device may determine / calculate / calculate / measure a second filtered RSRP for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources. The multiple downlink path loss estimates may include a second downlink path loss estimate.

[0359] In an example, the wireless device may determine / calculate / calculate a transmission power for transmitting an uplink signal (e.g., PUCCH, SR, CSI report, UCI, HARQ-ACK) via an uplink resource based on a TCI state. The at least two TCI states may include a TCI state. The multiple transmission powers may include a transmission power. The multiple uplink resources may include an uplink resource. The TCI state may indicate a reference signal (e.g., CSI-RS, SSB / PBCH block, SRS, DM-RS). The TCI state may include a reference signal index (e.g., provided by higher layer parameters referenceSignal, ssb-index, csi-RS-Index, NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceId) that identifies (or indicates) the reference signal (or may include a reference signal index of the reference signal). One or more configuration parameters may indicate a reference signal index / identifier for the reference signal. The wireless device may determine the transmission power based on the reference signal indicated by the TCI state.

[0360] In an example, at least two reference signals indicated by at least two TCI states may be periodic. Each of the at least two reference signals may be periodic. Each of the at least two reference signals may be periodic, having a corresponding period (e.g., 2 slots, 5 slots, 10 slots, 2 symbols, 5 symbols, etc.). Based on the at least two reference signals being periodic, the wireless device may periodically measure, for example, L1-RSRP and L3-RSRP of the at least two reference signals. A first reference signal of the at least two reference signals may be a periodic signal having a first periodicity. One or more configuration parameters may indicate the first periodicity. A second reference signal of the at least two reference signals may be a periodic signal having a second periodicity. One or more configuration parameters may indicate the second periodicity. Based on the first reference signal being periodic, the wireless device may periodically measure, for example, L1-RSRP and L3-RSRP of the first reference signal. Based on the second reference signal being periodic, the wireless device may periodically measure, for example, L1-RSRP and L3-RSRP of the second reference signal.

[0361] In one example, the (determined / selected) at least two TCI states may indicate one or more quasi co-location types. Each of the at least two TCI states may indicate a corresponding quasi co-location type of the one or more quasi co-location types. For example, a first TCI state of the at least two TCI states may indicate a first quasi co-location type of the first reference signal. A second TCI state of the at least two TCI states may indicate a second quasi co-location type of the second reference signal. For example, the first quasi co-location type may be QCL Type D, and the second quasi co-location type may be QCL Type D. The one or more quasi co-location types may include the first quasi co-location type and the second quasi co-location type.

[0362] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate a number of repetitions (e.g., via the higher-level parameter nrofSlots). Figures 17 to 22 , the number of repetitions is equal to four (eg, nrofSlots=4).

[0363] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate a number of repetitions of uplink resources.

[0364] In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may indicate a corresponding number of repetitions for each of the plurality of uplink resources. In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may not indicate a number of repetitions for an uplink resource in the plurality of uplink resources. The wireless device may set the number of repetitions for the uplink resource to a first value based on the one or more configuration parameters not indicating a number of repetitions for the uplink resource. The first value may be equal to one.

[0365] In an example, the wireless device may receive an activation command (eg, a MAC-CE) indicating a number of repetitions. The activation command may include a field indicating the number of repetitions.

[0366] In an example, a wireless device may receive downlink control information (DCI) indicating a repetition number. The DCI (e.g., DCI formats 0-0, 0-1, 1-0, 1-1, 1-2, etc.) may include a field indicating the repetition number. The DCI may schedule a transport block (e.g., PDSCH, PUSCH).

[0367] In an example, the repetition number may be used, for example, to indicate the repetition of transmission of an uplink signal via uplink resources (e.g., PUCCH resources, SRS resources, PUSCH resources, transmission of UCI). In an example, the repetition number may indicate a plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities (e.g., PUSCH transmission opportunities, PUCCH transmission opportunities) used to transmit the uplink signal. The number of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may be equal to the repetition number.

[0368] In an example, the repetition of the transmission of the uplink signal may be, for example, a time unit (e.g., by TDM) / occurs in a time unit. For example, the time unit may be continuous. For example, the time unit may not be continuous. The number of time units may be equal to the number of repetitions. For example, the time unit may be a time slot. For example, the time unit may be a microslot. For example, the time unit may be a time symbol (e.g., an OFDM symbol). For example, the time unit may be a subframe. Multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may be a time unit / occur in a time unit. For example, a first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity among multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may be a first time unit in a time unit / occurs in a first time unit in a time unit. A second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity among multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may be a second time unit in a time unit / occurs in a second time unit in a time unit, and so on.

[0369] In an example, the repetition of the transmission of the uplink signal / channel may, for example, be a frequency unit (e.g., by FDM) / occur in a frequency unit. For example, the frequency units may be continuous. For example, the frequency units may not be continuous. The number of frequency units may be equal to the number of repetitions. For example, the frequency unit may be a frequency band. For example, the frequency unit may be a physical resource block (PRB). For example, the frequency unit may be a BWP. For example, the frequency unit may be a cell. Multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may be a frequency unit / occur in a frequency unit. For example, the first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity among the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may be a first frequency unit among the frequency units / occur in the first frequency unit among the frequency units. The second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity among the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may be a second frequency unit among the frequency units / occur in the second frequency unit among the frequency units, and so on.

[0370] In an example, the wireless device may transmit filters via uplink resources and based on multiple spatial domains. Figures 17 to 19 The wireless device may transmit an uplink signal across multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities / on / in multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities at time T2 in the uplink resource. The wireless device may transmit the uplink signal across multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities / on / in multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities based on multiple spatial domain transmission filters via uplink resources. The wireless device may transmit the uplink signal across / on / in a corresponding uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity in the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities based on each spatial domain transmission filter in the multiple spatial domain transmission filters. The wireless device may transmit the uplink signal across / on / in each uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity in the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities based on the corresponding spatial domain transmission filter in the multiple spatial domain transmission filters.

[0371] In an example, the wireless device may transmit data via uplink resources and based on a plurality of transmission powers. Figures 20 to 22The wireless device may transmit an uplink signal across / on / in a plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities at time T2 in the uplink resource. The wireless device may transmit the uplink signal across / on / in a plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities based on a plurality of transmission powers via the uplink resource. The wireless device may transmit the uplink signal across / on / in a corresponding uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity in the plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities based on each of the plurality of transmission powers. The wireless device may transmit the uplink signal across / on / in a corresponding uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity in the plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities based on a corresponding transmission power in the plurality of transmission powers.

[0372] For example, the wireless device may repeat transmission of the uplink signal across / on / in a time unit. For example, the wireless device may repeat transmission of the uplink signal across / on / in a frequency unit. The wireless device may repeat transmission of the uplink signal across / on / in a plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities. The wireless device may transmit the uplink signal via the uplink resource with a repetition number. For example, Figures 17 to 22In the embodiment, the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities include a first signal / channel transmission opportunity (first TX opportunity), a second signal / channel transmission opportunity (e.g., second TX opportunity), a third signal / channel transmission opportunity (e.g., third TX opportunity), and a fourth signal / channel transmission opportunity (e.g., fourth TX opportunity). The first signal / channel transmission opportunity may be the first time unit (e.g., the first time slot) in the time unit / occurs in the first time unit in the time unit. The second signal / channel transmission opportunity may be the second time unit (e.g., the second time slot) in the time unit / occurs in the second time unit in the time unit. The third signal / channel transmission opportunity may be the third time unit (e.g., the third time slot) in the time unit / occurs in the third time unit in the time unit. The fourth signal / channel transmission opportunity may be the fourth time unit (e.g., the fourth time slot) in the time unit / occurs in the fourth time unit in the time unit. The first signal / channel transmission opportunity may be the first frequency unit (e.g., the first PRB) in the frequency unit / occurs in the first frequency unit in the frequency unit. The second signal / channel transmission opportunity may be / occur in the second frequency unit (e.g., the second PRB) in the frequency unit. The third signal / channel transmission opportunity may be / occur in the third frequency unit (e.g., the third PRB) in the frequency unit. The fourth signal / channel transmission opportunity may be / occur in the fourth frequency unit (e.g., the fourth PRB) in the frequency unit.

[0373] For example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate a repetition scheme (e.g., FDM scheme, TDM scheme, SDM scheme, CDM scheme, etc.) The repetition scheme may be used to repeat transmission of uplink signals via uplink resources (e.g., PUCCH resources, SRS resources, PUSCH resources, UCI transmission).

[0374] In an example, a repetition scheme may be used for PDSCH repetition.

[0375] In an example, a wireless device may transmit uplink signals across / in multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities via uplink resources and based on multiple spatial domain transmission filters in response to one or more configuration parameters indicating a repetition scheme.

[0376] In an example, the wireless device may transmit uplink signals across / in multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities via uplink resources and based on multiple transmission powers in response to one or more configuration parameters indicating a repetition scheme.

[0377] In an example, the repetition scheme may be a time domain repetition scheme (e.g., a TDM scheme, TDM scheme A, TDM scheme B, etc.). In a time domain repetition scheme, a plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities (e.g., a first TX opportunity, a second TX opportunity, a third TX opportunity, and a fourth TX opportunity) may not overlap in time. In a time domain repetition scheme, a plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may or may not overlap in frequency. Each of the plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may have a non-overlapping time domain resource allocation relative to other signal / channel transmission opportunities in the plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities. For example, a first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity in a plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may not overlap in time with a second signal / channel transmission opportunity in a plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities. The first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity and the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity may be different. For example, in a time domain repetition scheme (e.g., Figure 23 In a TDM (TDM) scheme, a first signal / channel transmission opportunity (a first TX opportunity), a second signal / channel transmission opportunity (e.g., a second TX opportunity), a third signal / channel transmission opportunity (e.g., a third TX opportunity), and a fourth signal / channel transmission opportunity (e.g., a fourth TX opportunity) may not overlap in time. The wireless device may transmit the (same) uplink signal via a corresponding uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity among a plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities using each of a plurality of spatial domain transmission filters. The wireless device may transmit the (same) uplink signal via a corresponding uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity among a plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities at each of a plurality of transmission powers. The corresponding uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity may have a non-overlapping time domain resource allocation relative to another uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity among the plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities. The plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may occur in different time units. For example, the first time unit, the second time unit, the third time unit, and the fourth time unit may not overlap in time. The first time unit, the second time unit, the third time unit, and the fourth time unit may be different. In an example, the wireless device may transmit an uplink signal across multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities / on / in multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities via uplink resources and based on multiple spatial domain transmit filters in response to one or more configuration parameters indicating a time domain repetition scheme. The wireless device may transmit an uplink signal across multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities / on / in multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities via uplink resources and based on multiple transmit powers in response to one or more configuration parameters indicating a time domain repetition scheme.

[0378] In an example, the repetition scheme may be a frequency domain repetition scheme (e.g., FDM scheme, FDM Scheme A, FDM Scheme B, etc.). In a frequency domain repetition scheme, multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may or may not overlap in time. In a frequency domain repetition scheme, multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may not overlap in frequency. Each uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity in the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may have a non-overlapping frequency domain resource allocation relative to other signal / channel transmission opportunities in the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities. For example, a first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity in the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may not overlap in frequency with a second signal / channel transmission opportunity in the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities. The first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity and the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity may be different. For example, in a frequency domain repetition scheme (e.g., Figure 23 In FDM (e.g., in 4K), a first signal / channel transmission opportunity (first TX opportunity) and a second signal / channel transmission opportunity (e.g., second TX opportunity) may not overlap in frequency. The first signal / channel transmission opportunity (first TX opportunity) and the second signal / channel transmission opportunity (e.g., second TX opportunity) may overlap in time. The wireless device may transmit the (same) uplink signal via a corresponding uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity among a plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities using each of a plurality of spatial domain transmission filters. The wireless device may transmit the (same) uplink signal via a corresponding uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity among a plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities at each of a plurality of transmission powers. The corresponding uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity may have a non-overlapping frequency domain resource allocation relative to another uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity among the plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities. The plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may occur in different frequency units (e.g., frequencies, PRBs, frequency bands, bandwidth parts, cells). For example, the first frequency unit of the first signal / channel transmission opportunity and the second frequency unit of the second signal / channel transmission opportunity may not overlap in frequency. The first frequency unit and the second frequency unit may be different. In an example, the wireless device may transmit an uplink signal across multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities / on / in multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities via uplink resources and based on multiple spatial domain transmission filters in response to one or more configuration parameters indicating a frequency domain repetition scheme. The wireless device may transmit an uplink signal across multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities / on / in multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities via uplink resources and based on multiple transmission powers in response to one or more configuration parameters indicating a frequency domain repetition scheme.

[0379] In an example, the repetition scheme may be a spatial domain / code domain repetition scheme (e.g., an SDM scheme, a CDM scheme, an SDMScheme, a CDMScheme, etc.). In the spatial domain / code domain repetition scheme, multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may overlap in time. In the spatial domain / code domain repetition scheme, multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may overlap in frequency. Each of the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may have overlapping frequency domain resource allocations relative to other signal / channel transmission opportunities in the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities. Each of the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may have overlapping time domain resource allocations relative to other signal / channel transmission opportunities in the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities. For example, a first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity in multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may overlap in time and frequency with a second signal / channel transmission opportunity in multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities. The first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity and the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity may be different. For example, in the space domain / code domain repetition scheme (e.g. Figure 23In an SDM (e.g., a first signal / channel transmission opportunity (first TX opportunity) and a second signal / channel transmission opportunity (e.g., a second TX opportunity) may overlap in frequency. The first signal / channel transmission opportunity (first TX opportunity) and the second signal / channel transmission opportunity (e.g., a second TX opportunity) may overlap in time. The wireless device may transmit the (same) uplink signal via a corresponding uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity among a plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities using each of a plurality of spatial domain transmission filters. The wireless device may transmit the (same) uplink signal via a corresponding uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity among a plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities at each of a plurality of transmission powers. The corresponding uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity may have overlapping time domain and frequency domain resource allocations relative to another uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity among the plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities. The plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may occur in the same frequency unit (e.g., frequency, PRB, frequency band, bandwidth part, cell). For example, the first frequency unit of the first signal / channel transmission opportunity and the second frequency unit of the second signal / channel transmission opportunity may overlap in frequency. Multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may occur in the same time unit (e.g., symbol, mini-slot, time slot, subframe, etc.). For example, the first time unit of the first signal / channel transmission opportunity and the second time unit of the second signal / channel transmission opportunity may overlap in time. The wireless device may transmit uplink signals via multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities using different spatial domain transmission filters. The wireless device may transmit uplink signals using the first spatial domain transmission filter in the first signal / channel transmission opportunity and the second spatial domain transmission filter in the second signal / channel transmission opportunity. The first spatial domain transmission filter may be different from the second spatial domain transmission filter. In an example, the wireless device may transmit uplink signals across multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities / on / in multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities via uplink resources and based on multiple spatial domain transmission filters in response to one or more configuration parameters indicating a spatial domain / code domain repetition scheme. A wireless device may transmit an uplink signal at different transmission powers over multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities. The wireless device may transmit the uplink signal at a first transmission power during a first signal / channel transmission opportunity and at a second transmission power during a second signal / channel transmission opportunity. The first transmission power may be different from the second transmission power. In an example, the wireless device may transmit the uplink signal across / in / on multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities via uplink resources and based on multiple transmission powers in response to one or more configuration parameters indicating a spatial / code domain repetition scheme.

[0380] In an example, transmitting the uplink signal based on the spatial domain transmission filter may include transmitting the uplink signal using the spatial domain transmission filter. The spatial domain transmission filter may be a transmission beam.

[0381] In an example, transmitting the uplink signal based on the transmission power may include transmitting the uplink signal using the transmission power. The transmission power may be a downlink path loss estimate.

[0382] In an example, the wireless device may transmit an uplink signal via the uplink resources and based on a first spatial domain transmit filter (TCI state 8) across one or more first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities in a plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities. The wireless device may transmit an uplink signal via the uplink resources across one or more first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities in a plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities. The wireless device may transmit an uplink signal via the uplink resources across one or more second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities in a plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities in a plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities based on a second spatial domain transmit filter (TCI state 23). In an example, the wireless device may transmit an uplink signal across one or more first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities in a plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities / on / in one or more first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities in a plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities via uplink resources and based on a first transmission power (TCI state 8). The wireless device may transmit an uplink signal across one or more second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities in a plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities / on / in one or more second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities in a plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities via uplink resources and based on a second transmission power (TCI state 23). Figures 17 to 22 In the embodiment, the one or more first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may include a first signal / channel transmission opportunity (first TX opportunity) and a third signal / channel transmission opportunity (third TX opportunity). The one or more second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may include a second signal / channel transmission opportunity (second TX opportunity) and a fourth signal / channel transmission opportunity (fourth TX opportunity).

[0383] In an example, the plurality of spatial domain transmission filters may include a first spatial domain transmission filter and a second spatial domain transmission filter.

[0384] In an example, the plurality of transmission powers may include a first transmission power and a second transmission power.

[0385] In an example, the number of repetitions may be two. The multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may include a first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (first TX opportunity) and a second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (second TX opportunity). The wireless device may transmit an uplink signal in the first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity via the uplink resources and based on a first spatial domain transmission filter. The wireless device may apply the first spatial domain transmission filter to the first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity. The wireless device may transmit an uplink signal in the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity via the uplink resources and based on a second spatial domain transmission filter. The wireless device may apply the second spatial domain transmission filter to the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity. The wireless device may transmit an uplink signal in the first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity via the uplink resources and based on a first transmission power. The wireless device may apply the first transmission power to the first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity. The wireless device may transmit an uplink signal in the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity via the uplink resources and based on the second transmission power. The wireless device may apply a second transmission power to the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity.

[0386] In an example, the number of repetitions may be greater than (or more than) two. For example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate cyclic mapping. For example, cyclic mapping may enable mapping multiple spatial domain transmission filters to multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities (e.g., cyclically switching the spatial domain transmission filters). The wireless device may transmit an uplink signal in a first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (first TX opportunity) among multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities via uplink resources and based on a first spatial domain transmission filter. The wireless device may apply the first spatial domain transmission filter to the first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity. The wireless device may transmit an uplink signal in a second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (second TX opportunity) among multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities via uplink resources and based on a second spatial domain transmission filter. The wireless device may apply the second spatial domain transmission filter to the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity. Based on one or more configuration parameters indicating cyclic mapping, the same spatial domain transmission filter mapping pattern may continue to the remaining uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities among the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities. The remaining uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may not include the first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity and the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity. For example, when the number of repetitions is equal to four, the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may include the first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, the third uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (third TX opportunity) and the fourth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (fourth TX opportunity). The wireless device may transmit an uplink signal in the first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity and the third uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity via the uplink resource and based on the first spatial domain transmission filter. The wireless device may transmit an uplink signal in the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity and the fourth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity via the uplink resource and based on the second spatial domain transmission filter. For example, when the number of repetitions is equal to eight, the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may include a first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (first TX opportunity), a second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (second TX opportunity), a third uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (third TX opportunity), a fourth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (fourth TX opportunity), a fifth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (fifth TX opportunity), a sixth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (sixth TX opportunity), a seventh uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (seventh TX opportunity) and an eighth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (eighth TX opportunity).The wireless device may transmit uplink signals in a first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, a third uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, a fifth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, and a seventh uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity via uplink resources and based on a first spatial domain transmission filter. The wireless device may transmit uplink signals in a second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, a fourth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, a sixth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, and an eighth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity via uplink resources and based on a second spatial domain transmission filter.

[0387] In an example, the number of repetitions may be greater than (or more than) two. For example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate sequential mapping. Sequential mapping may enable mapping multiple spatial domain transmission filters to multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities (e.g., sequentially switching spatial domain transmission filters). The wireless device may transmit an uplink signal via uplink resources and based on the first spatial domain transmission filter in a first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (first TX opportunity) among multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities and a second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (second TX opportunity) among multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities. The wireless device may apply the first spatial domain transmission filter to the first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity and the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity. The wireless device may transmit an uplink signal via uplink resources and based on the second spatial domain transmission filter in a third uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (third TX opportunity) among multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities and a fourth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (fourth TX opportunity) among multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities. The wireless device may apply the second spatial domain transmission filter to the third uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity and the fourth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity. Based on one or more configuration parameters indicating sequential mapping, the same spatial domain transmission filter mapping pattern may continue to the remaining uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities in the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities. The remaining uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may not include the first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, the third uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, and the fourth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity. For example, when the number of repetitions is equal to four, the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may include the first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, the third uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (third TX opportunity), and the fourth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (fourth TX opportunity). The wireless device may transmit an uplink signal in the first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity and the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity via the uplink resource and based on the first spatial domain transmission filter. The wireless device may transmit an uplink signal in a third uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity and a fourth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity via the uplink resources and based on the second spatial domain transmit filter.For example, when the number of repetitions is eight, the plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may include a first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (first TX opportunity), a second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (second TX opportunity), a third uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (third TX opportunity), a fourth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (fourth TX opportunity), a fifth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (fifth TX opportunity), a sixth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (sixth TX opportunity), a seventh uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (seventh TX opportunity), and an eighth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (eighth TX opportunity). The wireless device may transmit uplink signals in the first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, the fifth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, and the sixth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity via the uplink resources and based on the first spatial domain transmit filter. The wireless device may transmit uplink signals in a third uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, a fourth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, a seventh uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, and an eighth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity via uplink resources and based on the second spatial domain transmission filter.

[0388] In an example, the number of repetitions may be greater than (or more than) two. For example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate cyclic mapping. For example, cyclic mapping may enable mapping multiple transmission powers to multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities (e.g., cyclically switching the transmission power). The wireless device may transmit an uplink signal in a first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (first TX opportunity) among the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities via the uplink resources and based on the first transmission power. The wireless device may apply the first transmission power to the first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity. The wireless device may transmit an uplink signal in a second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (second TX opportunity) among the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities via the uplink resources and based on the second transmission power. The wireless device may apply the second transmission power to the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity. Based on the one or more configuration parameters indicating cyclic mapping, the same transmission power mapping pattern may continue for the remaining uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities among the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities. The remaining uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may not include the first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity and the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity. For example, when the number of repetitions is equal to four, the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may include the first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, the third uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (third TX opportunity), and the fourth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (fourth TX opportunity). The wireless device may transmit uplink signals in the first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity and the third uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity via the uplink resources and based on the first transmission power. The wireless device may transmit uplink signals in the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity and the fourth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity via the uplink resources and based on the second transmission power. For example, when the number of repetitions is eight, the plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may include a first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (first TX opportunity), a second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (second TX opportunity), a third uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (third TX opportunity), a fourth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (fourth TX opportunity), a fifth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (fifth TX opportunity), a sixth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (sixth TX opportunity), a seventh uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (seventh TX opportunity), and an eighth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (eighth TX opportunity). The wireless device may transmit uplink signals in the first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, the third uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, the fifth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, and the seventh uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity via the uplink resources and based on the first transmission power.The wireless device may transmit uplink signals in the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, the fourth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, the sixth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, and the eighth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity via the uplink resources and based on the second transmission power.

[0389] In an example, the number of repetitions may be greater than (or more than) two. For example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate a sequential mapping. For example, the sequential mapping may enable mapping multiple transmission powers to multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities (e.g., sequentially switching the transmission powers). The wireless device may transmit an uplink signal via the uplink resource and based on the first transmission power in a first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (first TX opportunity) among the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities and a second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (second TX opportunity) among the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities. The wireless device may apply the first transmission power to the first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity and the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity. The wireless device may transmit an uplink signal via the uplink resource and based on the second transmission power in a third uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (third TX opportunity) among the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities and a fourth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (fourth TX opportunity) among the multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities. The wireless device may apply the second transmission power to the third uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity and the fourth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity. Based on one or more configuration parameters indicating sequential mapping, the same transmission power mapping pattern may continue to the remaining uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities in the plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities. The remaining uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may not include the first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, the third uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, and the fourth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity. For example, when the number of repetitions is equal to four, the plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may include the first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, the third uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (third TX opportunity), and the fourth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (fourth TX opportunity). The wireless device may transmit an uplink signal in the first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity and the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity via the uplink resource and based on the first transmission power. The wireless device may transmit uplink signals in a third uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity and a fourth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity via the uplink resources and based on the second transmission power.For example, when the number of repetitions is eight, the plurality of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may include a first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (first TX opportunity), a second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (second TX opportunity), a third uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (third TX opportunity), a fourth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (fourth TX opportunity), a fifth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (fifth TX opportunity), a sixth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (sixth TX opportunity), a seventh uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (seventh TX opportunity), and an eighth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (eighth TX opportunity). The wireless device may transmit uplink signals in the first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, the second uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, the fifth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity, and the sixth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity via the uplink resources and based on the first transmission power. The wireless device may transmit uplink signals in third, fourth, seventh, and eighth uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities via the uplink resources and based on the second transmission power.

[0390] In an example, the wireless device may transmit uplink signals via the cell's active uplink BWP.

[0391] Figure 24 is an exemplary flow chart of spatial domain transmission filter determination for beam management according to one aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0392] In an example, the wireless device may receive one or more messages. In an example, the wireless device may receive the one or more messages from a base station. The one or more messages may include one or more configuration parameters.

[0393] In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may be an uplink BWP for the cell.The wireless device may activate the uplink BWP.

[0394] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate a plurality of uplink resources.

[0395] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states.The wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states for transmitting an uplink signal via an uplink resource of a plurality of uplink resources.

[0396] In an example, the uplink signal may be a PUCCH. In an example, the uplink signal may be a PUCCH with UCI. For example, the uplink signal may be uplink control information (UCI). For example, the UCI may include an SR. For example, the UCI may include a CSI report. For example, the UCI may include a HARQ-ACK.

[0397] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states based on at least one TCI code point among the one or more TCI code points including / indicating at least two TCI states.

[0398] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states based on one or more configuration parameters including an enabling parameter (eg, set to enabled).

[0399] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states based on one or more configuration parameters including a second enabling parameter (eg, set to enabled).

[0400] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states based on one or more configuration parameters indicating a repetition scheme.

[0401] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states based on UE capability information indicating / including support for beam correspondence without uplink beam scanning.

[0402] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states based on not being provided with at least one path loss reference RS.

[0403] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states based on no spatial relationship being provided.

[0404] In an example, the wireless device may receive an activation command to activate / select / indicate / update at least one TCI state (e.g., TCI state activation / deactivation for UE-specific PDSCH MAC CE, TCI state activation / deactivation for UE-specific PUSCH MAC CE, etc.). The wireless device may map the at least one TCI state to one or more TCI code points.

[0405] For example, the wireless device may determine that at least one TCI code point among the one or more TCI code points includes / indicates at least two TCI states, eg, at least two different TCI states.

[0406] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select at least two TCI states based on at least one TCI code point among the one or more TCI code points including / indicating at least two TCI states.

[0407] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select the selected TCI code point from among the at least one TCI code point. The wireless device may determine / select the selected TCI code point from among the at least one TCI code point based on the selected TCI code point having / being the lowest (or highest) TCI code point from among the at least one TCI code point.

[0408] The selected TCI code point may indicate / include at least two TCI states. The (determined / selected) at least two TCI states used for transmitting an uplink signal via the uplink resource may be at least two TCI states indicated by the selected TCI code point.

[0409] In an example, the wireless device may determine a plurality of spatial domain transmission filters based on at least two TCI states indicated by the selected TCI codepoint.

[0410] In an example, the wireless device may determine / calculate / compute a plurality of transmission powers based on at least two TCI states indicated by the selected TCI codepoint.

[0411] In an example, the wireless device may transmit uplink signals across / in multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities via uplink resources and based on multiple spatial domain transmission filters.

[0412] In an example, the wireless device may transmit uplink signals across / on / in multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities via uplink resources and based on multiple transmission powers.

[0413] In an example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate a repetition number. The repetition number may, for example, be used to repeat the transmission of an uplink signal via uplink resources (e.g., PUCCH resources, SRS resources, PUSCH resources, transmission of UCI). In an example, the repetition number may indicate a number of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities (e.g., PUSCH transmission opportunities, PUCCH transmission opportunities) used to transmit the uplink signal. The number of uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities may be equal to the repetition number.

[0414] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select a TCI state. The wireless device may determine / select a TCI state for transmitting an uplink signal (e.g., PUCCH, SR, CSI report, UCI, HARQ-ACK) via an uplink resource among a plurality of uplink resources.

[0415] In an example, the uplink signal may be a PUCCH. In an example, the uplink signal may be a PUCCH with UCI. For example, the uplink signal may be uplink control information (UCI). For example, the UCI may include an SR. For example, the UCI may include a CSI report. For example, the UCI may include a HARQ-ACK.

[0416] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select a TCI state based on at least one TCI code point among the one or more TCI code points not including / indicating at least two TCI states. No TCI code point among the one or more TCI code points indicates two or more TCI states.

[0417] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select a TCI state based on one or more configuration parameters not indicating at least two coreset pool indexes.

[0418] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select the TCI state based on the one or more configuration parameters not including the enabling parameter. The wireless device may determine / select the TCI state based on the one or more configuration parameters not including the enabling parameter being set to "enabled".

[0419] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select the TCI state based on the one or more configuration parameters not including the second enabling parameter. The wireless device may determine / select the TCI state based on the one or more configuration parameters not including the second enabling parameter being set to "enabled".

[0420] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select a TCI state based on one or more configuration parameters not indicating a repetition scheme (e.g., FDM scheme, TDM scheme, SDM scheme, CDM scheme). The repetition scheme may be used to repeat the transmission of an uplink signal via an uplink resource.

[0421] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select a TCI state based on the UE capability information not indicating / including support for beam correspondence without uplink beam scanning.

[0422] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select a TCI state based on the UE capability information not indicating support for repetition of transmission of an uplink signal.

[0423] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select a TCI state based on being provided with at least one path loss reference RS.

[0424] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select a TCI state based on one or more configuration parameters indicating at least one path loss reference RS.

[0425] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select a TCI state based on receiving an activation command indicating at least one path loss reference RS.

[0426] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select a TCI state based on the provided spatial relationship.

[0427] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select a TCI state based on one or more configuration parameters indicating a spatial relationship.

[0428] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select a TCI state based on one or more configuration parameters indicating a spatial relationship of uplink resources.

[0429] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select a TCI state based on receiving an activation command indicating a spatial relationship.

[0430] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select a TCI state based on receiving an activation command indicating a spatial relationship of uplink resources.

[0431] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select a TCI state based on receiving a DCI scheduling transmission of an uplink signal via uplink resources indicating a spatial relationship.

[0432] In an example, the (determined / selected) TCI state for transmitting the uplink signal may be a first TCI state of a first coreset identified / indicated by a lowest coreset index among one or more coreset indices of the one or more coresets.

[0433] In an example, the wireless device may determine a spatial domain transmission filter based on the TCI state.The wireless device may determine the spatial domain transmission filter for transmitting an uplink signal via the uplink resource.

[0434] In an example, the wireless device may determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on the TCI state. The wireless device may determine / calculate / compute the transmission power for transmitting an uplink signal via the uplink resource.

[0435] In an example, the wireless device may transmit uplink signals across / on / in multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities via uplink resources and based on a spatial domain transmission filter.

[0436] In an example, the wireless device may transmit uplink signals across / on / in multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities via uplink resources and based on transmission power.

[0437] Figure 25 is an example of spatial domain transmission filter determination for beam management according to one aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0438] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select a first TCI state. The wireless device may determine / select a first TCI state for transmitting an uplink signal (e.g., PUCCH, SR, CSI report, UCI, HARQ-ACK) via an uplink resource among a plurality of uplink resources.

[0439] In an example, the uplink signal may be a PUCCH. In an example, the uplink signal may be a PUCCH with UCI. For example, the uplink signal may be uplink control information (UCI). For example, the UCI may include an SR. For example, the UCI may include a CSI report. For example, the UCI may include a HARQ-ACK.

[0440] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select the first TCI state based on one or more configuration parameters including an enabling parameter.The wireless device may determine / select the first TCI state based on one or more configuration parameters including the enabling parameter being set to "enabled."

[0441] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select a first TCI state based on UE capability information indicating / including support for beam correspondence without uplink beam scanning.

[0442] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select the first TCI state based on not being provided with at least one path loss reference RS.

[0443] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select the first TCI state based on one or more configuration parameters not indicating at least one path loss reference RS.

[0444] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select the first TCI state based on not receiving an activation command indicating at least one path loss reference RS.

[0445] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select the first TCI state based on no spatial relationship being provided.

[0446] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select the first TCI state based on one or more configuration parameters not indicating a spatial relationship.

[0447] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select the first TCI state based on one or more configuration parameters not indicating a spatial relationship of uplink resources.

[0448] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select the first TCI state based on not receiving an activation command indicating a spatial relationship.

[0449] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select the first TCI state based on not receiving an activation command indicating a spatial relationship of uplink resources.

[0450] In an example, the wireless device may determine / select the first TCI state based on receiving a DCI that schedules transmission of an uplink signal via uplink resources and does not indicate a spatial relationship.

[0451] In an example, the (determined / selected) first TCI state for transmitting the uplink signal may be the first TCI state of the first coreset identified / indicated by the lowest coreset index among one or more coreset indices of the one or more coresets (e.g., Figure 25 The wireless device may monitor the downlink control channel in the first coreset to obtain DCI based on the first TCI state (eg, TCI state 1).

[0452] In an example, the wireless device may determine a first spatial domain transmission filter based on a first TCI state (eg, TCI state 1). The wireless device may determine the first spatial domain transmission filter for transmitting an uplink signal via the uplink resource.

[0453] In an example, the wireless device may determine / calculate / compute a first transmission power based on a first TCI state (eg, TCI state 1). The wireless device may determine / calculate / compute a first transmission power for transmitting an uplink signal via an uplink resource.

[0454] In an example, the wireless device may transmit, via the uplink resource and based on the first spatial domain transmission filter, a first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (eg, Figure 25 The uplink signal is transmitted in the first TX opportunity in the transmission.

[0455] In an example, the wireless device may transmit, via the uplink resource and based on the first transmission power, a first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity (eg, Figure 25 The uplink signal is transmitted in the first TX opportunity in the transmission.

[0456] In an example, a wireless device may transmit data at multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities (e.g., Figure 25 activating / updating / applying the second TCI state of the first coreset during / within the second TX opportunity in the first coreset (e.g., Figure 25 The wireless device may receive an activation command (e.g., a TCI state indication for a UE-specific PDCCH MAC CE) to activate / select / indicate / update the second TCI state of the first coreset. For example, the wireless device may activate / select / indicate / update the second TCI state of the first coreset during / within multiple uplink signal / channel transmission opportunities (e.g., during Figure 25 The wireless device may receive an activation command at time T1 in the first coreset. For example, the wireless device may receive the activation command before the first uplink signal / channel transmission opportunity. The wireless device may monitor the downlink control channel in the first coreset to obtain DCI based on the second TCI state. Based on activating / updating / applying the second TCI state, the wireless device may monitor the downlink control channel in the first coreset to obtain DCI based on the second TCI state. The wireless device may monitor the downlink ...

Claims

1. A beam selection method in uplink repetition, the method comprising: One or more configuration parameters are received by a wireless device, the one or more configuration parameters: including a parameter indicating enabling use of two transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states for uplink transmission via a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource; and indicating PUCCH repetition of the PUCCH resource; and and transmitting, via the PUCCH resource, a repetition of an uplink signal having at least two transmission parameters determined based on at least two TCI states, wherein the transmission is in response to the one or more configuration parameters including the parameters and indicating PUCCH repetition of the PUCCH resource.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the transmitting is further responsive to the PUCCH resources not being associated with a spatial relationship.

3. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the at least two transmission parameters are at least two transmission powers.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein: determining the at least two transmission powers based on at least two reference signals indicated by the at least two TCI states; and Each of the at least two transmission powers is determined based on a reference signal indicated by a corresponding TCI state of the at least two TCI states.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the at least two transmission parameters are at least two spatial domain transmission filters.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein: determining the at least two spatial domain transmission filters based on at least two reference signals indicated by the at least two TCI states; and Each of the at least two spatial domain transfer filters is determined based on a reference signal indicated by a corresponding TCI state of the at least two TCI states.

7. The method of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the transmitting is further responsive to the one or more configuration parameters not indicating at least one path loss reference signal.

8. A beam selection method in uplink repetition, the method comprising: One or more configuration parameters are transmitted by a base station to a wireless device, wherein the one or more configuration parameters: including a parameter indicating enabling use of two transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states for uplink transmission via a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource; and Indicate PUCCH repetition of the PUCCH resource; as well as Receiving, from the wireless device via the PUCCH resource, a repetition of an uplink signal having at least two transmission parameters determined based on at least two TCI states, wherein the receiving is in response to the one or more configuration parameters including the parameters and indicating PUCCH repetition for the PUCCH resource.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the receiving is further in response to the PUCCH resources not being associated with a spatial relationship.

10. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 9, wherein: The at least two transmission parameters determine the at least two transmission powers based on at least two reference signals indicated by the at least two TCI states; and Each of the at least two transmission powers is determined based on a reference signal indicated by a corresponding TCI state of the at least two TCI states.

11. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 9, wherein the at least two transmission parameters are at least two spatial domain receive filters.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein: determining the at least two spatial domain receive filters based on at least two reference signals indicated by the at least two TCI states; and Each of the at least two spatial domain receive filters is determined based on a reference signal indicated by a corresponding TCI state of the at least two TCI states.

13. The method of any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the receiving is further based on the one or more configuration parameters not indicating at least one path loss reference signal.

14. A beam selection apparatus in uplink repetition, the apparatus comprising: one or more processors; and A memory storing instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of any one of claims 1-13.

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