Transmission Beam Selection Method and Apparatus for Multiple Transmission and Reception Points

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A user equipment (UE) may prioritize a transmission scheme for a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state for receiving downlink messages from one or more transmission reception points (TRPs). The UE may receive a downlink control message via a first carrier, the downlink control message scheduling a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier. The UE may select one or more TCI states for receiving the downlink signal at least in part based on the prioritization of the first transmission scheme. The UE may receive the downlink signal via the second carrier according to the selected one or more TCI states.

Description

[0001] Cross-reference

[0002] This patent application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 033,165, filed Jun. 1, 2020, by Park et al., entitled “TRANSMIT BEAM SELECTION SCHEMES FOR MULTIPLE TRANSMISSON RECEPTION POINTS”; and U.S. Patent Application No. 17 / 321,871, filed May 17, 2021, by Park et al., entitled “TRANSMIT BEAM SELECTION SCHEMES FOR MULTIPLE TRANSMISSON RECEPTION POINTS”; each of which is assigned to the assignee of the present application. Technical Field

[0003] The following generally relates to wireless communication and, more particularly, to transmit beam selection schemes for multiple transmit receive points (TRPs).

[0004] Background

[0005] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcasts, and the like. These systems may be capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing the available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multi-access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems (such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems), and fifth generation (5G) systems that may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ various techniques, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multi-access communication system may include one or more base stations or one or more network access nodes, each of which simultaneously supports communication for multiple communication devices, which may also be referred to as user equipment (UE).

[0006] In some examples, when the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) to Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) delay or PDCCH to Aperiodic Channel State Information Reference Signal (A-CSI-RS) delay is less than a beam switching timing threshold, the UE may use a default transmit beam. In some cases, the length of the beam switching timing threshold may depend on whether same carrier scheduling or cross-carrier scheduling is used, or may depend on whether single Transmit and Receive Point (TRP), multi-TRP, or Single Frequency Network (SFN) is used. In such cases, since the beam switching timing threshold varies depending on various factors, it may be ambiguous which default transmit beam or beams to use.

[0007] Overview

[0008] The described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses for supporting a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple Transmit and Receive Points (TRPs). Generally, the described techniques enable a User Equipment (UE) and a TRP to determine which transmit beam or beams to use for downlink signal transmission from one or more TRPs to the UE. For example, if the delay between a shared channel or reference signal and the control message scheduling the shared channel or reference signal is within a beam switching timing interval (e.g., less than a beam switching timing threshold), the UE may use default Quasi-Co-Location (QCL) rules to determine which Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state to use for receiving the downlink signal. The TCI state or states used may indicate which transmit beams are used by one or more TRPs to transmit the downlink signal.

[0009] In some examples, determining the default beam may depend on the transmission scheme being used by the UE, and whether the control information (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI) carried by the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)) configures same carrier scheduling or cross-carrier scheduling, or whether the transmission scheme indicates a single TRP or multi-TRP transmission scheme.

[0010] In some cases, one or more rules may be followed when selecting a default transmit beam. For example, in the case of same carrier scheduling using a single TRP scheme, the UE may follow the QCL assumption of the lowest Control Resource Set (CORESET) Identifier (ID) monitored in the most recent time slot. In the case of cross-carrier scheduling using a single TRP scheme, the UE may follow the QCL assumption of the lowest TCI state ID among the activated TCI states. This rule may be followed independent of whether the DCI scheduling the downlink message indicates a single TRP or multi-TRP scheme, or whether it indicates a Single Frequency Network (SFN).

[0011] A method for wireless communication at a UE is described. The method may include: prioritizing a first transmission scheme among a set of transmission schemes to be used for TCI determination; and receiving a downlink control message from a first TRP among a plurality of TRPs and via a first carrier, the downlink control message scheduling a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier. The method may further include: selecting, based on the prioritization of the first transmission scheme, one or more TCI states from a set of TCI states for receiving the downlink signal; and receiving the downlink signal via the second carrier according to the selected one or more TCI states.

[0012] An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executed by the processor to cause the apparatus to: prioritize a first transmission scheme among a set of transmission schemes to be used for TCI determination; and receive a downlink control message from a first TRP among a plurality of TRPs and via a first carrier, the downlink control message scheduling a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier. The apparatus may further include instructions executable by the processor to: select, based on the prioritization of the first transmission scheme, one or more TCI states from a set of TCI states for receiving the downlink signal; and receive the downlink signal via the second carrier according to the selected one or more TCI states.

[0013] Another device for wireless communication at a UE is described. The device may include: means for prioritizing a first transmission scheme among a set of transmission schemes to be used for TCI determination; and means for receiving a downlink control message from a first TRP among a plurality of TRPs and via a first carrier, the downlink control message scheduling a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier. The device may further include: means for selecting, based on the prioritization of the first transmission scheme, one or more TCI states from a set of TCI states for receiving the downlink signal; and means for receiving the downlink signal via the second carrier according to the selected one or more TCI states.

[0014] Describes a non - transient computer - readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE. The code may include instructions executable by the processor to: prioritize a first transmission scheme among a set of transmission schemes to be used for TCI determination; and receive a downlink control message from a first TRP among a plurality of TRPs and via a first carrier, the downlink control message scheduling a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier. The code may include instructions executable by the processor for: selecting, based on the prioritization of the first transmission scheme, one or more TCI states from a set of TCI states for receiving the downlink signal; and receiving the downlink signal via the second carrier according to the selected one or more TCI states.

[0015] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non - transient computer - readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for selecting the one or more TCI states independent of a second transmission scheme indicated by the downlink control message.

[0016] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses (equipments), and non - transient computer - readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for identifying a set of TCI code points corresponding to the set of TCI states; determining a code point in the set of TCI code points corresponding to the lowest code point that may be associated with multiple TCI states; and selecting the one or more TCI states based on the code point.

[0017] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses (equipments), and non - transient computer - readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for identifying a set of TCI code points corresponding to the set of TCI states; determining a code point in the set of TCI code points corresponding to the lowest code point that may be associated with a single TCI state; and selecting the one or more TCI states based on the code point.

[0018] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses (equipments), and non - transient computer - readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for determining, based on the downlink control message, quasi - co - location information for the downlink signal; and selecting the one or more TCI states as default TCI states based on the quasi - co - location information.

[0019] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses (equipments), and non - transient computer - readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for transmitting an indication of the prioritized first transmission scheme to the first TRP, wherein the downlink signal may be received based on the indication.

[0020] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (equipments), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the indication may include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for transmitting a UE capability report or UE assistance information indicating a priority of the first transmission scheme over other transmission schemes in the set of transmission schemes.

[0021] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (equipments), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, transmitting the indication may include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for transmitting a UE capability report or UE assistance information indicating a respective priority level for each transmission scheme in the set of transmission schemes.

[0022] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses (equipments), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for determining one or more transmit beams for transmitting the downlink signal based on one or more selected TCI states, and receiving the downlink signal based on the one or more transmit beams.

[0023] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses (equipments), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for determining a beam switching timing interval based on a second transmission scheme indicated by the downlink control message, wherein the one or more TCI states may be selected based on the beam switching timing interval.

[0024] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (equipments), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, selecting the one or more TCI states may include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for determining default quasi-co-location information corresponding to the selected one or more TCI states based on the downlink signal being scheduled within the beam switching timing interval.

[0025] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (equipments), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, selecting the one or more TCI states may include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for determining quasi-co-location information corresponding to the selected one or more TCI states based on the downlink control message.

[0026] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses (equipments), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for determining that the first transmission scheme is a cross-carrier scheme based on the second carrier being different from the first carrier.

[0027] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses (equipments), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for determining that the first transmission scheme is the same carrier scheme based on the second carrier being the same as the first carrier.

[0028] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses (equipments), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for determining that the first transmission scheme is the single-TRP scheme based on the downlink signal being scheduled for transmission by the first transmission reception point.

[0029] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses (equipments), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for determining that the first transmission scheme is the multi-TRP scheme based on the downlink signal being scheduled for transmission by the second TRP among the plurality of TRPs.

[0030] A method for wireless communication at a TRP is described. The method may include: receiving, from a UE, an indication of a first transmission scheme prioritized among a set of transmission schemes supported by the UE; selecting, based on the first transmission scheme, one or more TCI states from a set of TCI states for a downlink signal of the UE; and transmitting, via a first carrier, a downlink control message to the UE, the downlink control message scheduling, based on the selected one or more TCI states, a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier.

[0031] An apparatus for wireless communication at a TRP is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executed by the processor to cause the apparatus to: receive, from a UE, an indication of a first transmission scheme prioritized among a set of transmission schemes supported by the UE; select, based on the first transmission scheme, one or more TCI states from a set of TCI states for a downlink signal of the UE; and transmit, via a first carrier, a downlink control message to the UE, the downlink control message scheduling, based on the selected one or more TCI states, a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier.

[0032] Describes another device for wireless communication at a TRP. The device may include: means for receiving, from a UE, an indication of a first transmission scheme prioritized among a set of transmission schemes supported by the UE; means for selecting, based on the first transmission scheme, one or more TCI states for a downlink signal of the UE from a set of TCI states; and means for transmitting, via a first carrier, a downlink control message to the UE, the downlink control message scheduling, based on the selected one or more TCI states, a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier.

[0033] Describes a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a TRP. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: receive, from a UE, an indication of a first transmission scheme prioritized among a set of transmission schemes supported by the UE; select, based on the first transmission scheme, one or more TCI states for a downlink signal of the UE from a set of TCI states; and transmit, via a first carrier, a downlink control message to the UE, the downlink control message scheduling, based on the selected one or more TCI states, a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier.

[0034] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving the indication of the first transmission scheme may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a UE capability report or UE assistance information indicating a priority of the first transmission scheme over other transmission schemes in the set of transmission schemes.

[0035] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving the indication of the first transmission scheme may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a UE capability report or UE assistance information indicating a respective priority level for each transmission scheme in the set of transmission schemes.

[0036] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining, based on the selected one or more TCI states, one or more transmit beams for transmitting the downlink signal, and transmitting the downlink signal based on the one or more transmit beams.

[0037] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses (devices), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining a beam switching timing interval based on the downlink control message, wherein the one or more TCI states may be selected based on the beam switching timing interval.

[0038] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses (equipments), and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, apparatuses, or instructions for transmitting quasi-co-location information to the UE in the downlink control message. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0040] Figure 1 Illustrates an example of a wireless communication system supporting a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple transmit receive points (TRPs) in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0041] Figure 2 Illustrates an example of a wireless communication system supporting a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0042] Figure 3 Illustrates an example of a data transmission scheme supporting a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0043] Figure 4 Illustrates an example of a data transmission scheme supporting a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0044] Figure 5 Illustrates an example of a process flow supporting a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0045] Figure 6 Illustrates an example of a process flow supporting a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0046] Figure 7 Shows a block diagram of an apparatus supporting a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0047] Figure 8 Shows a block diagram of an apparatus supporting a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0048] Figure 9 Shows a block diagram of a communication manager supporting a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0049] Figure 10 Shows a diagram of a system including an apparatus supporting a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0050] Figure 11 Shows a block diagram of an apparatus supporting a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0051] Figure 12 A block diagram of a device supporting a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0052] Figure 13 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0053] Figure 14 A diagram of a system including a device supporting a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0054] Figures 15 to 23 A flowchart of a method supporting a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0055] Detailed Description

[0056] Some wireless communication systems (e.g., New Radio (NR) systems) may support cross-carrier scheduling in addition to single-carrier scheduling. In such examples, a base station may transmit a downlink grant on a first component carrier (CC) (e.g., a scheduling CC). The downlink grant may be included in a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) on the scheduling CC. The downlink grant may indicate a set of physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) resources for receiving data transmissions on a scheduled CC (e.g., a second CC different from the first CC). Additionally or alternatively, the downlink grant may also indicate a set of aperiodic channel state information reference signals (A-CSI-RS) resources to estimate the channel and report channel quality information.

[0057] In some examples, a user equipment (UE) may process a PDCCH including a downlink grant, and the processing may take a minimum amount of time (e.g., processing latency). In some cases, the scheduling CC may have a different parameter set than the scheduled CC. For example, the scheduling CC may have a different subcarrier spacing (SCS) than the scheduled CC, or the scheduling CC may have a different transmission time interval (TTI) than the scheduled CC, or both.

[0058] In some cases, beam switching timing thresholds can be implemented for cross-carrier scheduling. The beam switching timing threshold can be the minimum number of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols for the UE to switch beams between PDCCH reception and the allocated PDSCH or A-CSI-RS resources. The beam switching timing threshold can be included in the UE capability report. The beam switching timing threshold can be timeDurationForQCL (time duration for QCL) for the PDSCH or beamSwitchTiming (beam switching timing) for the A-CSI-RS. The beam switching timing can be defined in units of PDSCH or A-CSI-RS symbols.

[0059] If the PDCCH SCS is less than the PDSCH SCS or the A-CSI-RS SCS, an additional beam switching timing threshold (d) can be added to the timeDurationForQCL or beamSwitchTiming for cross-carrier scheduling or triggering with different SCSs. The same value of d can be used for both PDSCH scheduling and A-CSI-RS triggering. d can be defined in units of PDCCH symbols.

[0060] In some examples, the PDCCH-to-PDSCH delay or the PDCCH-to-A-CSI-RS delay may be less than the beam switching timing threshold. In such examples, the UE may not have time to switch beams between the PDCCH and the PDSCH or the A-CSI-RS. In these cases, the UE can use default quasi-co-location (QCL) rules, which can include a default transmit beam.

[0061] In some examples, determining the default beam can depend on the transmission scheme being used by the UE and whether the downlink control information (DCI) in the PDCCH configures same-carrier scheduling or cross-carrier scheduling. In some examples, the UE can use a single-TRP or multi-TRP transmission scheme.

[0062] In some cases, in the case of using a single-TRP transmission scheme, a single default transmit beam can be specified. In the case of same-carrier scheduling using a single-TRP scheme, the UE can follow the QCL assumption of the lowest control resource set (CORESET) ID monitored in the most recent time slot. In the case of cross-carrier scheduling using a single-TRP scheme, the UE can follow the QCL assumption of the lowest transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state ID among the activated TCI states.

[0063] In some cases, when the UE uses a multi-TRP transmission scheme, two default transmission beams can be specified. In some cases, the UE can receive a single DCI. For the default transmission beam in the single DCI case, the UE can follow the QCL assumption of the TCI state corresponding to the lowest TCI code point that includes two TCI states. In some cases, the UE can receive multiple DCIs. For the default transmission beam in the multi-DCI case, the UE can follow the QCL assumption of the lowest CORESET ID within each CORESETPoolIndex (CORESET pool index) in the most recent time slot.

[0064] In some examples, the beam switching timing threshold can depend on whether the same carrier scheduling / triggering or cross-carrier scheduling / triggering is used. For the case of the same carrier scheduling / triggering, the beam switching timing threshold is timeDurationForQCL for the PDSCH or beamSwitchTiming for the A-CSI-RS. For the case of cross-carrier scheduling / triggering, the beam switching timing threshold is timeDurationForQCL + d for the PDSCH or beamSwitchTiming + d for the A-CSI-RS.

[0065] In some examples, the value of d can depend on the transmission scheme, such as but not limited to single TRP, multi-TRP, or single frequency network (SFN). Additionally or alternatively, the value of d can depend on whether the same carrier scheduling / triggering or multi-carrier scheduling / triggering is being used. In some examples, when the beam switching timing threshold changes depending on the transmission scheme, it may be ambiguous which default transmission beam or beams to use.

[0066] In some examples, if the UE supports different transmission schemes, such as single TRP, SFN, or multi-TRP, the UE can determine and indicate which transmission scheme will be used for the default beam. In some cases, the UE can indicate which transmission scheme will be used for the default beam by indicating a priority. In some cases, the priority can indicate the preferred transmission scheme among the set of different transmission schemes supported by the UE. In some cases, the UE can indicate the priority preference in the UE capability report or UE assistance information. In some cases, the priority can be predetermined in the specification. In some cases, the priority can be determined based on parameters of the UE, parameters of one or more base stations, or any combination thereof.

[0067] In some cases, the default QCL can also be determined based on the determined priority. In the case of same carrier scheduling, if multiple CORESETs are configured with different transmission schemes in the most recent time slot, the default QCL can be selected based on the determined priority. In the case of cross-carrier scheduling, if multiple TCI code points are activated with different transmission schemes, the default QCL can be selected based on the determined priority.

[0068] In some cases, the default QCL can be determined based on the determined priority. In the case of same carrier scheduling, if multiple CORESETs are configured with different transmission schemes in the most recent time slot, the default QCL can be selected based on the determined priority. In the case of cross-carrier scheduling, if multiple TCI code points are activated with different transmission schemes, the default QCL can be selected based on the determined priority.

[0069] Aspects of the present disclosure are initially described in the context of a wireless communication system. Aspects of the present disclosure are further illustrated and described with reference to data transmission schemes and process flow diagrams. Aspects of the present disclosure are further illustrated and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts related to a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs.

[0070] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system 100 that supports a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The wireless communication system 100 can include one or more base stations 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 can be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, or a New Radio (NR) network. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 can support enhanced broadband communication, ultra-reliable (e.g., mission-critical) communication, low latency communication, communication with low-cost and low-complexity devices, or any combination thereof.

[0071] The base stations 105 can be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communication system 100, and can be different forms of devices or devices with different capabilities. The base stations 105 and the UEs 115 can communicate wirelessly via one or more communication links 125. Each base station 105 can provide a coverage area 110, and the UEs 115 and the base stations 105 can establish one or more communication links 125 over the coverage area 110. The coverage area 110 can be an example of a geographic area over which the base stations 105 and the UEs 115 can support signal communication according to one or more radio access technologies.

[0072] Each UE 115 can be dispersed throughout the coverage area 110 of the wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 can be stationary or mobile, or stationary and mobile at different times. Each UE 115 can be a device of different forms or a device with different capabilities. In Figure 1 Some example UEs 115 are illustrated. The UEs 115 described herein can be capable of communicating with various types of devices (such as other UEs 115, base stations 105, or network equipment (e.g., core network nodes, relay devices, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, or other network equipment)), as Figure 1 shown in

[0073] Each base station 105 can communicate with the core network 130, or with each other, or both. For example, the base station 105 can interface with the core network 130 via one or more backhaul links 120 (e.g., via S1, N2, N3, or other interfaces). The base stations 105 can communicate with each other directly (e.g., directly between the base stations 105), or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130), or directly and indirectly on the backhaul links 120 (e.g., via X2, Xn, or other interfaces). In some examples, the backhaul link 120 can be or include one or more wireless links.

[0074] One or more of the base stations 105 described herein can include or can be referred to by those of ordinary skill in the art as a base transceiver station, radio base station, access point, radio transceiver, B node, evolved B node (eNB), next-generation B node, or gigabit B node (any of which can be referred to as a gNB), home B node, home evolved B node, or other suitable terms.

[0075] The UE 115 can include or can be referred to as a mobile device, wireless device, remote device, handheld device, or subscriber device, or some other suitable term, where "device" can also be referred to as a unit, station, terminal, or client, etc. The UE 115 can also include or can be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet computer, laptop computer, or personal computer. In some examples, the UE 115 can include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, Internet of Things (IoT) device, Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or machine type communication (MTC) device, etc., which can be implemented in various objects such as appliances, vehicles, meters, etc.

[0076] The UEs 115 described herein can be capable of communicating with various types of devices (such as other UEs 115 that can sometimes act as relays, as well as base stations 105 and network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, relay base stations, etc.), as Figure 1 shown in

[0077] UE 115 and base station 105 may wirelessly communicate with each other via one or more communication links 125 over one or more carriers. The term "carrier" may refer to a set of radio frequency spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting communication link 125. For example, a carrier for communication link 125 may include a portion of a radio frequency spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth part (BWP)) operating according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling for coordinating carrier operation, user data, or other signaling. Wireless communication system 100 may support communicating with UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. UE 115 may be configured to have multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used in conjunction with both frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers.

[0078] In some examples (e.g., in a carrier aggregation configuration), a carrier may also have acquisition signaling or control signaling for coordinating the operation of other carriers. A carrier may be associated with a frequency channel (e.g., an evolved universal mobile telecommunications system terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) absolute radio frequency channel number (EARFCN)) and may be located according to a channel raster for discovery by UE 115. A carrier may operate in a stand-alone mode in which initial acquisition and connection may be performed by UE 115 via the carrier, or a carrier may operate in a non-stand-alone mode in which the connection is anchored using a different carrier (e.g., different carriers of the same or different radio access technologies).

[0079] The communication link 125 shown in wireless communication system 100 may include an uplink transmission from UE 115 to base station 105, or a downlink transmission from base station 105 to UE 115. A carrier may carry downlink or uplink communication (e.g., in FDD mode), or may be configured to carry both downlink communication and uplink communication (e.g., in TDD mode).

[0080] A carrier can be associated with a specific bandwidth of the radio frequency spectrum, and in some examples, the carrier bandwidth can be referred to as the "system bandwidth" of the carrier or the wireless communication system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth can be one of several determined bandwidths of a carrier of a specific radio access technology (e.g., 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, or 80 megahertz (MHz)). Devices of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., the base station 105, the UE 115, or both) can have a hardware configuration that supports communication on a specific carrier bandwidth or can be configurable to support communication on one of the carrier bandwidths in a carrier bandwidth set. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 can include a base station 105 or a UE 115 that supports simultaneous communication via carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each served UE 115 can be configured to operate on a portion (e.g., a sub-band, a BWP) or all of the carrier bandwidth.

[0081] The signal waveform transmitted on a carrier can include multiple subcarriers (e.g., using a multi-carrier modulation (MCM) technique such as OFDM or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system that employs an MCM technique, a resource element can include one symbol period (e.g., the duration of one modulated symbol) and one subcarrier, where the symbol period and the subcarrier spacing are inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element can depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both). Thus, the more resource elements the UE 115 receives and the higher the order of the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate of the UE 115 can be. Wireless communication resources can refer to a combination of radio frequency spectrum resources, time resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and using multiple spatial layers can further increase the data rate or data integrity of communication with the UE 115.

[0082] One or more parameter sets can be supported for a carrier, where a parameter set can include a subcarrier spacing (Δf) and a cyclic prefix. A carrier can be divided into one or more BWPs with the same or different parameter sets. In some examples, the UE 115 can be configured with multiple BWPs. In some examples, a single BWP for a carrier can be active at a given time, and communication for the UE 115 can be limited to one or more active BWPs.

[0083] The time intervals of the base station 105 or the UE 115 can be expressed as multiples of a basic time unit, and the basic time unit can refer to, for example, a sampling period T s = 1 / (Δf max ·N f ) seconds, where Δf max can represent the maximum supported subcarrier spacing, and N fcan represent the maximum supported Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) size. The time intervals of communication resources can be organized according to radio frames each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame can be identified by a system frame number (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0084] Each frame can include a plurality of consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot can have the same duration. In some examples, a frame can be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe can be further divided into a number of time slots. Alternatively, each frame can include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots can depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot can include a number of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix added before each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems 100, a time slot can be further divided into a plurality of mini - slots each containing one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period can contain one or more (e.g., N f ones) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period can depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating frequency band.

[0085] A subframe, time slot, mini - slot, or symbol can be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communication system 100 and can be referred to as a TTI. In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., the number of symbol periods in a TTI) can be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 can be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTI (sTTI)).

[0086] Physical channels can be multiplexed on a carrier according to various techniques. Physical control channels and physical data channels can be multiplexed on a downlink carrier using, for example, one or more of time - division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency - division multiplexing (FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM - FDM techniques. A control region (e.g., CORESET) for a physical control channel can be defined by the number of symbol periods and can extend across the system bandwidth of the carrier or a subset of the system bandwidth. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESET) can be configured for a set of UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 can monitor or search a control region for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set can include one or more control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. The aggregation level for a control channel candidate can refer to the number of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCE)) associated with the encoded information for a control information format having a given payload size. The search space set can include a common search space set configured to send control information to multiple UEs 115 and a UE - specific search space set for sending control information to a specific UE 115.

[0087] Each base station 105 may provide communication coverage via one or more cells (e.g., macro cells, small cells, hotspots, or other types of cells, or any combination thereof). The term "cell" may refer to a logical communication entity for communicating with a base station 105 (e.g., on a carrier), and may be associated with an identifier (e.g., physical cell identifier (PCID), virtual cell identifier (VCID), or others) for distinguishing adjacent cells. In some examples, a cell may also refer to a geographic coverage area 110 or a portion (e.g., a sector) of the geographic coverage area 110 on which the logical communication entity operates. The range of such cells may vary from a smaller area (e.g., a structure, a subset of a structure) to a larger area depending on various factors (such as the capabilities of the base station 105). For example, a cell may be or include a building, a subset of a building, or an external space between or overlapping with the geographic coverage area 110, and other examples.

[0088] Macro cells generally cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., with a radius of several kilometers) and may allow unconstrained access to UEs 115 having a service subscription with the network provider that supports the macro cell. Small cells may be associated with lower-power base stations 105 (compared to macro cells), and small cells may operate in the same or different (e.g., licensed, unlicensed) frequency bands as macro cells. Small cells may provide unconstrained access to UEs 115 having a service subscription with the network provider, or may provide constrained access to UEs 115 associated with the small cell (e.g., UEs 115 in a closed subscriber group (CSG), UEs 115 associated with users in a home or office). A base station 105 may support one or more cells and may also support communication on one or more cells using one or more component carriers.

[0089] In some examples, a carrier may support multiple cells and may be configured with different cells according to different protocol types (e.g., MTC, narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB)) that may provide access for different types of devices.

[0090] In some examples, base station 105 may be movable and thus provide communication coverage for a mobile geographic coverage area 110. In some examples, different geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but different geographic coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same base station 105. In other examples, overlapping geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different base stations 105. The wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network where different types of base stations 105 use the same or different radio access technologies to provide coverage for various geographic coverage areas 110.

[0091] The wireless communication system 100 may support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, base stations 105 may have similar frame timings, and transmissions from different base stations 105 may be approximately aligned in time. For asynchronous operation, base stations 105 may have different frame timings, and in some examples, transmissions from different base stations 105 may not be aligned in time. The techniques described herein may be used for synchronous or asynchronous operation.

[0092] Some UEs 115 (such as MTC or IoT devices) may be low-cost or low-complexity devices and may provide automated communication between machines (e.g., via machine-to-machine (M2M) communication). M2M communication or MTC may refer to data communication technologies that allow devices to communicate with each other or with a base station 105 without human intervention. In some examples, M2M communication or MTC may include communication from devices integrated with sensors or meters to measure or capture information and relay such information to a central server or application that utilizes the information or presents the information to a person interacting with the application. Some UEs 115 may be designed to collect information or implement automated behavior of machines or other devices. Examples of applications for MTC devices include: smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, healthcare monitoring, wilderness survival monitoring, weather and geographical event monitoring, queue management and tracking, remote security sensing, physical access control, and transaction-based commercial billing.

[0093] Some UEs 115 may be configured to operate in power-saving modes, such as half-duplex communication (e.g., a mode that supports one-way communication via transmission or reception but not simultaneous transmission and reception). In some examples, half-duplex communication may be performed at a reduced peak rate. Other power-saving techniques for UEs 115 include entering a power-saving deep sleep mode when not participating in active communication, operating on limited bandwidths (e.g., according to narrowband communication), or combinations of these techniques. For example, some UEs 115 may be configured for operation using a narrowband protocol type associated with a defined portion or extent (e.g., a set of subcarriers or resource blocks (RBs)) within a carrier, within a guard band of a carrier, or outside a carrier.

[0094] The wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low-latency communication or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) or mission-critical communication. The UE 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or critical functions (e.g., mission-critical functions). Ultra-reliable communication may include private communication or group communication and may be supported by one or more mission-critical services such as mission-critical push-to-talk (MCPTT), mission-critical video (MCVideo), or mission-critical data (MCData). Support for mission-critical functions may include prioritization of services, and mission-critical services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, mission-critical, and ultra-reliable low-latency may be used interchangeably herein.

[0095] In some examples, the UE 115 may also be capable of communicating directly with other UEs 115 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., using a peer-to-peer (P2P) or D2D protocol). One or more UEs 115 utilizing D2D communication may be within the geographical coverage area 110 of the base station 105. Other UEs 115 in such a group may be outside the geographical coverage area 110 of the base station 105 or may be unable to receive transmissions from the base station 105 for other reasons. In some examples, groups of UEs 115 communicating via D2D communication may utilize a one-to-many (1:M) system where each UE 115 transmits to every other UE 115 in the group. In some examples, the base station 105 facilitates the scheduling of resources for D2D communication. In other cases, D2D communication is performed between UEs 115 without involving the base station 105.

[0096] In some systems, the D2D communication link 135 can be an example of a communication channel (such as a sidelink communication channel) between vehicles (e.g., UE 115). In some examples, vehicles can communicate using vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, or some combination of these communications. Vehicles can signal information related to traffic conditions, signal scheduling, weather, safety, emergencies, or any other information related to the V2X system. In some examples, vehicles in a V2X system can communicate with roadside infrastructure (such as roadside units), or with the network, or with both, using vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication via one or more network nodes (e.g., base station 105).

[0097] The core network 130 can provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 can be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), and the EPC or 5GC can include at least one control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF)), and at least one user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), a packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or a user plane function (UPF)). The control plane entity can manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as the mobility, authentication, and bearer management of a UE 115 served by a base station 105 associated with the core network 130. User IP packets can be transported through the user plane entity, which can provide IP address allocation and other functions. The user plane entity can be connected to a network operator IP service 150. The operator IP service 150 can include access to the Internet, an intranet, an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS), or a packet-switched streaming service.

[0098] Some network devices (such as base station 105) can include sub-components, such as an access network entity 140, which can be an example of an access node controller (ANC). Each access network entity 140 can communicate with each UE 115 through one or more other access network transmission entities 145, which can be referred to as radio heads, intelligent radio heads, or transmit / receive points (TRPs). Each access network transmission entity 145 can include one or more antenna panels. In some configurations, the various functions of each access network entity 140 or base station 105 can be distributed across various network devices (e.g., radio heads and ANCs) or consolidated into a single network device (e.g., base station 105).

[0099] The wireless communication system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands, typically in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). Generally, the portion of the spectrum from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is referred to as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) band or the decimeter band because the wavelengths are in the range of approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves can be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, but these waves can sufficiently penetrate various structures for macrocells to serve UEs 115 located indoors. Compared to transmissions using smaller frequencies and longer waves in the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portions of the spectrum below 300 MHz, UHF wave transmissions can be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 kilometers).

[0100] The wireless communication system 100 may also operate in the super-high frequency (SHF) band using frequencies from 3 GHz to 30 GHz (also known as the centimeter band) or in the extremely high frequency (EHF) band of the spectrum (e.g., from 30 GHz to 300 GHz) (also known as the millimeter band). In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may support millimeter wave (mmW) communication between the UE 115 and the base station 105, and the EHF antennas of the corresponding devices may be smaller and more closely spaced than UHF antennas. In some examples, this may facilitate the use of antenna arrays within the devices. However, the propagation of EHF transmissions may experience even greater atmospheric attenuation and shorter ranges than SHF or UHF transmissions. The techniques disclosed herein may be employed across transmissions using one or more different frequency bands, and the use of frequency bands designated across these frequency bands may vary by country or regulatory body.

[0101] The wireless communication system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed radio frequency bands. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may employ licensed-assisted access (LAA), LTE unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology in an unlicensed band such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. When operating in an unlicensed radio frequency band, devices such as the base station 105 and the UE 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operation in an unlicensed band may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration (e.g., LAA) in coordination with a component carrier operating in a licensed band. Operation in the unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, peer-to-peer (P2P) transmissions, or device-to-device (D2D) transmissions, among others.

[0102] The base station 105 or the UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which can be used to adopt techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication, or beamforming. The antennas of the base station 105 or the UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels that can support MIMO operation or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly (such as an antenna tower). In some examples, the antennas or antenna arrays associated with the base station 105 may be located at different geographical locations. The base station 105 may have an antenna array that has several rows and columns of antenna ports for beamforming that the base station 105 can use to support communication with the UE 115. Similarly, the UE 115 may have one or more antenna arrays that can support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, the antenna panel may support radio frequency beamforming for signals transmitted via the antenna ports.

[0103] The base station 105 or the UE 115 can use MIMO communication to utilize multipath signal propagation and improve spectral efficiency by transmitting or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers. Such techniques may be referred to as spatial multiplexing. For example, a transmitting device may transmit multiple signals via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Similarly, a receiving device may receive multiple signals via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals may be referred to as a separate spatial stream and may carry bits associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords). Different spatial layers may be associated with different antenna ports for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO techniques include single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO), where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to the same receiving device; and multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO), where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to multiple devices.

[0104] Beamforming (which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that can be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., the base station 105, the UE 115) to shape or direct an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming can be achieved by combining the signals conveyed by the antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating in a particular orientation relative to the antenna array experience constructive interference while other signals experience destructive interference. The adjustment of the signals conveyed by the antenna elements may include the transmitting device or the receiving device applying an amplitude offset, a phase offset, or both to the signals carried by the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustment associated with each antenna element may be defined by a set of beamforming weights associated with a particular orientation (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the transmitting device or the receiving device, or relative to some other orientation).

[0105] Base station 105 or UE 115 may use beam sweeping techniques as part of beamforming operations. For example, base station 105 may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to perform beamforming operations for directional communication with UE 115. Some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) may be transmitted by base station 105 multiple times in different directions. For example, base station 105 may transmit signals according to different beamforming weight sets associated with different transmission directions. Transmissions in different beam directions may be used (e.g., by the transmitting device such as base station 105 or the receiving device such as UE 115) to identify the beam direction that base station 105 will use for later transmission or reception.

[0106] Some signals (such as data signals associated with a particular receiving device) may be transmitted by base station 105 in a single beam direction (e.g., the direction associated with the receiving device such as UE 115). In some examples, the beam direction associated with a transmission along a single beam direction may be determined based on signals transmitted in one or more beam directions. For example, UE 115 may receive one or more signals transmitted by base station 105 in different directions and may report an indication of the signal that UE 115 receives with the highest signal quality or other acceptable signal quality to base station 105.

[0107] In some examples, transmissions performed by a device (e.g., by base station 105 or UE 115) may use multiple beam directions, and the device may use a combination of digital precoding or radio frequency beamforming to generate a combined beam for transmission (e.g., from base station 105 to UE 115). UE 115 may report feedback indicating precoding weights for one or more beam directions, and the feedback may correspond to a configured number of beams across the system bandwidth or one or more subbands. Base station 105 may transmit reference signals that may or may not be precoded (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS)). UE 115 may provide feedback for beam selection, which may be a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., multi-panel type codebook, linear combination type codebook, port selection type codebook). Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted by base station 105 in one or more directions, UE 115 may use similar techniques to transmit signals multiple times in different directions (e.g., to identify the beam direction that UE 115 will use for subsequent transmission or reception) or to transmit signals in a single direction (e.g., to transmit data to a receiving device).

[0108] A receiving device (e.g., UE 115) may attempt multiple receive configurations (e.g., directional listening) when receiving various signals (such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) from a base station 105. For example, the receiving device may attempt multiple receive directions by: receiving via different antenna subarrays, processing received signals according to different antenna subarrays, receiving according to different receive beamforming weight sets (e.g., different directional listening weight sets) applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, or processing received signals according to different receive beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, any of which may be referred to as "listening" according to different receive configurations or receive directions. In some examples, the receiving device may use a single receive configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when receiving a data signal). The single receive configuration may be aligned in a beam direction determined based on listening according to different receive configuration directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have the highest signal strength, highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or other acceptable signal quality based on listening according to multiple beam directions).

[0109] The wireless communication system 100 may be a packet-based network operating according to a hierarchical protocol stack. In the user plane, the communication of the bearer or packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer may be IP-based. The radio link control (RLC) layer may perform packet segmentation and reassembly for communication over logical channels. The media access control (MAC) layer may perform priority handling and multiplex logical channels into transport channels. The MAC layer may also use error detection techniques, error correction techniques, or both to support retransmissions at the MAC layer to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the radio resource control (RRC) protocol layer may provide the establishment, configuration, and maintenance of an RRC connection supporting the radio bearers for user plane data between the UE 115 and the base station 105 or the core network 130. At the physical layer, transport channels may be mapped to physical channels.

[0110] UE 115 and base station 105 may support retransmission of data to increase the likelihood that the data is successfully received. Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) feedback is a technique for increasing the likelihood that data is correctly received over communication link 125. HARQ may include a combination of error detection (e.g., using Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)), Forward Error Correction (FEC), and retransmission (e.g., Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ)). HARQ may improve the throughput of the MAC layer in poor radio conditions (e.g., low signal-to-noise ratio conditions). In some examples, a device may support simultaneous slot HARQ feedback, where the device may provide HARQ feedback in a particular slot for data received in previous symbols in that slot. In other cases, the device may provide HARQ feedback in a subsequent slot or according to some other time interval.

[0111] In some examples, UE 115 may determine and indicate a priority among various transmission schemes to determine a Transmit Configuration Indicator (TCI) state for receiving a downlink message. For example, UE 115 may determine Quasi-Co-Location (QCL) information (such as default QCL) that indicates the TCI state for UE 115 to receive a downlink message from base station 105. The default QCL may indicate one or more default transmit beams used by base station 105 to transmit the downlink message. For example, the UE may indicate a priority preference in a UE capability report or UE assistance information. In some cases, the priority may be pre-configured at UE 115 or defined according to a set of standards. In some cases, the priority may be determined based on parameters of UE 115, parameters of one or more base stations 105 (which may be referred to as Transmission and Reception Points (TRPs)), or any combination thereof. The default QCL may also be selected based on the determined priority.

[0112] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system 200 that supports a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, wireless communication system 200 may implement aspects of wireless communication system 100. Wireless communication system 200 may include a first base station 105-a (e.g., a first TRP), a second base station 105-b (e.g., a second TRP), and a UE 115-a, which may be examples of corresponding base station 105 and UE 115 as described above with reference to Figure 1 The base station 105-a and base station 105-b may be two TRPs associated with the same base station 105, or different panels of the same base station 105, or different beams associated with the same base station 105, etc. Accordingly, UE 115-a may support simultaneous communication with both base station 105-a and base station 105-b.

[0113] In some examples, base stations 105-a, 105-b, and UE 115 may support cross-carrier scheduling. UE 115-a may receive a downlink grant 210-a and data transmissions 220-a across different CCs from base station 105-a. In such examples, base station 105-a may transmit downlink grant 210-a on scheduling CC 205-a. Downlink grant 210-a may be included in the PDCCH on scheduling CC 205-a. The downlink grant may indicate a set of PDSCH resources for receiving data transmission 220-a on scheduled CC 215-a.

[0114] In some examples, UE 115-a may communicate with a single base station 105 (such as base station 105-a). This may be referred to as a single TRP scenario. In some other examples, UE 115-a may communicate with multiple base stations 105 (such as base stations 105-a and 105-b). This may be referred to as a multi-TRP scenario.

[0115] As shown, UE 115-a may receive a first downlink grant 210-a transmitted from base station 105-a, where the first downlink grant 210-a schedules a first data transmission 220-a also transmitted from base station 105-a, and may receive a second downlink grant 210-b transmitted from base station 105-b, where the second downlink grant 210-b schedules a second data transmission 220-b also transmitted from base station 105-b. In another example, UE 115-a may receive a first downlink grant 210-a transmitted from base station 105-a, where the first downlink grant 210-a schedules a second data transmission 220-b from base station 105-b.

[0116] In some examples, the first data transmission 220-a may also be scheduled using a beam switching timing threshold between the PDCCH containing downlink grant 210-a and the first data transmission 220-a. The beam switching timing threshold may be based on the specific capabilities of UE115-a and may be the minimum number of OFDM symbols required for the UE to switch beams between PDCCH reception and PDSCH or A-CSI-RS reception or transmission. UE 115-a may convey the beam switching timing threshold to base stations 105-a and 105-b in a UE capability report.

[0117] If the SCS of scheduling CC 205-a is less than the SCS of scheduled CC 215-a, an additional delay d may be added to the beam switching timing threshold for cross-carrier scheduling / triggering with different SCSs.

[0118] In some examples, when operating in a multi-TRP scenario, compared to operating in a single-TRP scenario, UE 115-a may take additional time to switch beams between downlink grant 210-a reception and data transmission 220-a. To compensate for the additional beam switching time in the multi-TRP scenario, different values of d may be used for different transmission scenarios and scheduling scenarios. The value of d may depend on whether data transmission 220-a is configured for cross-carrier scheduling / triggering or same-carrier scheduling / triggering. The value of d may also depend on whether the UE is operating in a multi-TRP scenario.

[0119] The value of d may also depend on a particular configured multi-TRP scenario, such as time division multiplexing, frequency division multiplexing, and space division multiplexing. The value of d may also depend on whether a single frequency network scenario is configured.

[0120] In some cases, the time between downlink grant 210-a and data transmission 220-a may be less than the beam switching timing threshold plus d. In this case, UE 115-a may not have enough time to switch the beam for data transmission 220-a. In some cases, UE 115-a may use default QCL rules. In some cases, UE 115-a may use a default transmit beam instead of the transmission configuration in downlink grant 210-a.

[0121] UE 115-a may determine which transmission scenario will be used for the default transmit beam. UE 115-a may indicate to base station 105-a and / or base station 105-b which transmission scenario will be used for the default beam. In some cases, UE 115-a may indicate which transmission scenario will be used for the default beam by indicating a priority. In some cases, the priority may indicate a preferred transmission scenario in a set of different transmission scenarios supported by UE 115-a. In some cases, UE 115-a may indicate the priority preference to base station 105-a and / or base station 105-b in a UE capability report or UE assistance information. In some cases, the priority for UE 115-a may be predetermined in a specification. The specification may define a set of priority rules based at least on UE 115-a parameters.

[0122] Figure 3An example of data transmission scheme 300 that supports a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is described. In some examples, data transmission scheme 300 may implement aspects of wireless communication system 100. UE 115 and base station 105 may use data transmission scheme 300 for cross-carrier scheduling. In some instances, base station 105 may transmit PDCCH 315-a, which may include a downlink grant, which may be an example of downlink grants 210-a and 210-b from communication system 200. PDCCH 315-a may schedule data transmission 330, which may be an example of data transmission 220-a from communication system 200.

[0123] In data transmission scheme 300, PDCCH 315 ends at a first time 320. Beam switch timing threshold 350 begins at the first time 320. The duration of the beam switch timing threshold may be defined as timeDurationForQCL for PDSCH scheduling or beamSwitchTiming for A-CSI-RS triggering, in units of PDSCH or A-CSI-RS symbols. The beam switch timing threshold ends at a second time 325. If the SCS of the scheduling CC 305 is greater than the SCS of the scheduled CC 310, data transmission 330 may begin after the second time 325. If the SCS of the scheduling CC 405 is less than the SCS of the scheduled CC 310, d is added to the beam switch timing threshold.

[0124] The value of d may vary depending on transmission parameters. The value of d may vary depending on the PDCCH SCS. The value of d may also vary depending on the scheduling scheme and the transmission scheme. For example, for all combinations of possible PDCCH SCSs, scheduling schemes (e.g., cross-carrier and same-carrier), and transmission schemes (single TRP, multi-TRP / TDM, multi-TRP / FDM, multi-TRP / SDM, or SFN), there may be a specified value of d.

[0125] In some examples, the time between PDCCH 315 and data transmission 330 (e.g., PDSCH or A-CSI-RS) may be less than the beam switch timing threshold 350 plus d 355. In this case, UE 115 may not have enough time to switch the beam for data transmission 330. In some instances, UE 115 may use the default QCL rule. In some instances, UE115-a may use the default transmit beam for data transmission 330 instead of the transmit beam configuration transmitted in downlink grant 210-a.

[0126] Figure 4An example of a data transmission scheme 400 that supports a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the data transmission scheme 400 may implement aspects of the wireless communication system 100. The UE 115 and the base station 105 may use the data transmission scheme 400 for cross-carrier scheduling. In some cases, the base station 105 may transmit a PDCCH 415 on the scheduling CC 405, which may include a downlink grant, which may be an example of the downlink grants 210-a and 210-b from the communication system 200. The PDCCH 415 may schedule data transmission on the scheduled CC 410, which may be an example of the data transmission 220-a from the communication system 200.

[0127] In the data transmission scheme 400, the base station 105 may transmit a PDCCH to the UE 115 on the scheduling CC 405 and schedule data transmission on the scheduled CC 410. The UE 115 may take a period of time to change beams. This period of time may be a beam switching timing threshold. When using cross-carrier scheduling, the UE 115 may take an additional delay time d to change beams. The total period of time that the UE 115 may take to change beams may be the beam switching timing threshold plus d. In some cases, the beam switching timing threshold plus d for PDSCH scheduling may be equal to timeDurationForQCL + d. In some cases, the beam switching timing threshold plus d for A-CSI-RS triggering may be equal to beamSwitchTiming + d.

[0128] In some cases, the value of d may vary depending on the transmission scheme being used by UE 115. The single-TRP delay band 435 may correspond to the total time it may take for UE 115 to change beams when using a single-TRP scheme. The single-TRP delay band 435 may be defined as timedurationForQCL + d (single-TRP, cross-carrier) for PDSCH or beamSwitchTiming + d (single-TRP, cross-carrier) for A-CSI-RS. The single-TRP delay band 435 may start at a first time 420, corresponding to the end of the PDCCH 415. The single-TRP delay band 435 may end at a second time 425. The multi-TRP delay band 440 may correspond to the total time it may take for UE 115 to change beams when using a multi-TRP scheme. The multi-TRP delay band 440 may be defined as timedurationForQCL + d (multi-TRP, cross-carrier) for PDSCH or beamSwitchTiming + d (multi-TRP, cross-carrier) for A-CSI-RS. The multi-TRP delay band 440 may start at the first time 420, corresponding to the end of the PDCCH 415. The multi-TRP delay band 440 may end at a third time 430.

[0129] In some examples, UE 115 may use a single-TRP scheme, and the base station 105 may transmit the PDCCH 415 and schedule the PDSCH after the second time 425. In this example, the QCL indicated by the DCI in the PDCCH 415 may be used to transmit the PDSCH. In another example, UE 115 may use a multi-TRP scheme, and the base station 105 may transmit the PDCCH 415 and schedule the PDSCH after the third time 430. In this example, the QCL indicated by the DCI in the PDCCH 415 may be used to transmit the PDSCH.

[0130] In some cases, the base station 105 may transmit the PDCCH 415 and schedule PDSCH or A-CSI-RS transmission, where the PDCCH-to-PDSCH or PDCCH-to-A-CSI-RS delay is less than the beam switching timing of UE 115. UE 115 may use a default transmit beam; however, in some examples, where the beam switching timing threshold varies depending on the transmission scheme, which default transmit beam to use may be ambiguous.

[0131] UE 115 can determine which transmission scheme will be used for the default transmission beam. UE 115 can indicate to the base station 105 which transmission scheme will be used for the default beam. In some cases, UE 115 can indicate which transmission scheme will be used for the default beam by indicating a priority. In some cases, the priority can indicate a preferred transmission scheme among different sets of transmission schemes supported by UE 115. In some cases, UE 115 can indicate the priority preference to the base station 105 in a UE capability report or UE assistance information. In some cases, the priority for UE 115 can be pre-determined in the specification. The specification can define a set of priority rules based at least on UE 115 parameters.

[0132] In some examples, determining the default beam can depend on the transmission scheme being used by the UE and whether the DCI in the PDCCH configures same-carrier scheduling or cross-carrier scheduling. In some examples, the UE can use a single-TRP or multi-TRP transmission scheme.

[0133] In some cases, in the case of using a single-TRP transmission scheme, a single default transmission beam or an activated TCI state can be specified. In the case of same-carrier scheduling using a single-TRP scheme, the UE can follow the QCL assumption of the lowest CORESET ID monitored in the most recent time slot. In the case of cross-carrier scheduling using a single-TRP scheme, the UE can follow the QCL assumption of the lowest TCI state ID among the activated TCI states.

[0134] In some cases, in the case of the UE using a multi-TRP transmission scheme, two default transmission beams can be specified. In some cases, the UE can receive a single DCI. For the default transmission beam in the case of a single DCI, the UE can follow the QCL assumption of the TCI state corresponding to the lowest TCI code point including two TCI states. In some cases, the UE can receive multiple DCIs. For the default transmission beam in the case of multiple DCIs, the UE can follow the QCL assumption of the lowest CORESET ID within each CORESETPoolIndex (CORESET pool index) in the most recent time slot.

[0135] In some examples, the TCI code point can correspond to an activated TCI state, as shown in Table 1 below.

[0136]

[0137] Table 1

[0138] In some cases, the lowest TCI code point including two TCI states and the lowest TCI code point including one TCI state can be determined and indicated by UE 115 or the specification.

[0139] In some examples, if the UE determines the priority for default QCL based on a multi-TRP scheme and if the DCI in PDCCH 415 indicates that the PDSCH is to be transmitted using a single-TRP scheme, the UE may use TCI code point 2 for default QCL. If the UE determines the priority for default QCL based on a multi-TRP scheme and if the DCI in PDCCH 415 indicates that the PDSCH is to be transmitted using a multi-TRP scheme, the UE may use TCI code point 2 for default QCL.

[0140] In some cases, if the UE determines the priority for default QCL based on a single-TRP scheme and if the DCI in PDCCH 415 indicates that the PDSCH is to be transmitted using a single-TRP scheme, the UE may use TCI code point 0 for default QCL. If the UE determines the priority for default QCL based on a single-TRP scheme and if the DCI in PDCCH 415 indicates that the PDSCH is to be transmitted using a multi-TRP scheme, the UE may use TCI code point 0 for default QCL.

[0141] In some examples, if the UE determines the priority for default QCL based on DCI and if the DCI in PDCCH 415 indicates that the PDSCH is to be transmitted using a single-TRP scheme, the UE may use TCI code point 0 for default QCL. If the UE determines the priority for default QCL based on DCI and if the DCI in PDCCH 415 indicates that the PDSCH is to be transmitted using a multi-TRP scheme, the UE may use TCI code point 2 for default QCL.

[0142] Figure 5 An example of a process flow 500 that supports a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, process flow 500 may implement aspects of wireless communication system 100. UE 115-b and base station 105-c may be examples of UE 115 and base station 105, respectively, as described with reference to Figure 1 Process flow 500 illustrates an example of a process by which UE115 transmits a beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs.

[0143] At 505, UE 115-c may prioritize a first transmission scheme among a set of transmission schemes to be used for TCI determination. In some examples, the first transmission scheme may be a single-TRP scheme that includes identifying a set of TCI code points corresponding to a set of transmission configuration states, determining a code point in the set of TCI code points that corresponds to the lowest code point associated with multiple TCI states, and selecting one or more TCI states at least partially based on the code point.

[0144] At 510, the UE 115-c may receive a downlink control message from the base station 105-c via a first carrier, and the downlink control message schedules a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier.

[0145] At 515, the UE 115-c may select one or more TCI states from a set of TCI states for receiving the downlink signal based at least in part on prioritization of the first transmission scheme. In some examples, the UE 115-c may select a TCI indication state independent of a second transmission scheme indicated by the downlink control message.

[0146] At 520, the UE 115-c may receive the downlink signal via the second carrier according to the selected TCI state. In some examples, the UE 115-c may determine QCL information for the downlink signal based at least in part on the downlink control message, and select one or more TCI states as default TCI states based at least in part on the quasi-co-location information.

[0147] Figure 6 An example of a process flow 600 that supports a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the process flow 600 may implement aspects of the wireless communication system 100. The UE 115-c and the base station 105-d may be examples of the UE 115 and the base station 105, respectively, as described with reference to Figure 1 The process flow 600 illustrates an example of a process by which the UE 105 may convey a beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs.

[0148] At 605, the base station 105-d may receive an indication of a first transmission scheme prioritized among a set of transmission schemes supported by the UE 115-c. In some cases, the base station 105-d may receive a UE capability report or UE assistance information indicating the priority of the first transmission scheme over other transmission schemes in the set of transmission schemes. In some examples, the base station 105-d may receive a UE capability report or UE assistance information indicating a respective priority level for each transmission scheme in the set of transmission schemes.

[0149] At 610, the base station 105-d may select one or more TCI states of the set of transmission schemes supported by the UE 115.

[0150] At 615, the base station 105-d may transmit a downlink control message to the UE 115-c via a first carrier, the downlink control message scheduling a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier based at least in part on one or more selected TCI states. In some examples, the base station 105-d may determine one or more transmit beams for transmitting the downlink signal based at least in part on the one or more selected TCI states and transmit the downlink signal based at least in part on the one or more transmit beams. In some examples, the base station 105-d may determine a beam switching timing interval based at least in part on the downlink control message, wherein the one or more TCI states are selected based at least in part on the beam switching timing threshold. In some examples, the base station 105-d may transmit QCL information to the UE in the downlink control message.

[0151] Figure 7 FIG. 700 is a block diagram illustrating a device 705 that supports a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device 705 may be an example of aspects of the UE 115 as described herein. The device 705 may include a receiver 710, a communication manager 715, and a transmitter 720. The device 705 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0152] The receiver 710 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs, etc.). The information may be passed to other components of the device 705. The receiver 710 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1820 described Figure 18 herein. The receiver 710 may utilize a single antenna or an antenna array.

[0153] The communication manager 715 may prioritize a first transmission scheme to be used for TCI determination among a set of transmission schemes; receive a downlink control message from a first TRP among a plurality of TRPs and via a first carrier, the downlink control message scheduling a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier; select one or more TCI states from a set of TCI states for receiving the downlink signal based on the prioritization of the first transmission scheme; and receive the downlink signal via the second carrier according to the one or more selected TCI states. The communication manager 715 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 1810 described herein.

[0154] The communication manager 715 or its sub-components may be implemented in hardware, code executed by a processor (e.g., software or firmware), or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the communication manager 715 or its sub-components may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described in this disclosure.

[0155] The communication manager 715 or its sub-components may be physically located in various positions, including being distributed such that portions of the functions are implemented by one or more physical components at different physical locations. In some examples, according to various aspects of the present disclosure, the communication manager 715 or its sub-components may be separate and distinct components. In some examples, according to various aspects of the present disclosure, the communication manager 715 or its sub-components may be combined with one or more other hardware components, including but not limited to input / output (I / O) components, transceivers, network servers, another computing device, one or more other components described in this disclosure, or a combination thereof.

[0156] The transmitter 720 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device 705. In some examples, the transmitter 720 may be co-located with the receiver 710 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 720 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1820 described with reference to Figure 18 The transmitter 720 may utilize a single antenna or an antenna array.

[0157] In some examples, the communication manager 715 may be implemented as an integrated circuit or chipset for a mobile device modem, and the receiver 710 and transmitter 920 may be implemented as analog components (e.g., amplifiers, filters, antennas) coupled to the mobile device modem to enable wireless transmission and reception on one or more frequency bands.

[0158] The communication manager 715 as described herein may be implemented to achieve one or more potential advantages. One implementation may allow the device 705 to provide assistance for scheduling data transmission between the device 705 and a base station. Based on techniques for scheduling and configuring data transmission between the device 705 and the base station, the device 705 may support determining and indicating the priority of the default QCL for transmitting the PDSCH and A-CSI-RS; thus, the device 705 may support more efficient resource utilization and be more effectively configured for receiving downlink messages.

[0159] Thus, device 705 can increase the likelihood of using the default QCL to accurately schedule the PDSCH or trigger A-CSI-RS. Accordingly, device 705 can communicate on a channel with a greater likelihood of successful communication. In some examples, based on the greater likelihood of successful communication, device 705 can more efficiently power the processor or one or more processing units associated with PDSCH scheduling or A-CSI-RS triggering procedures and the transmission and reception of communications, which can enable the device to save power, increase battery life, and improve quality of service.

[0160] Figure 8 Block diagram 800 illustrates a device 805 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure that supports a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs. Device 805 may be an example of aspects of device 705 or UE 115 as described herein. Device 805 may include a receiver 810, a communication manager 815, and a transmitter 840. Device 805 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0161] The receiver 810 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs, etc.). The information may be passed to other components of device 805. The receiver 810 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1820 described with reference to Figure 18 The receiver 810 may utilize a single antenna or an antenna array.

[0162] The communication manager 815 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 715 as described herein. The communication manager 815 may include a prioritization component 820, a control receiver 825, a TCI state selector 830, and a downlink signal receiver 835. The communication manager 815 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 1810 described herein.

[0163] The prioritization component 820 may prioritize a first transmission scheme among a set of transmission schemes to be used for TCI determination.

[0164] The control receiver 825 may receive a downlink control message from a first TRP among multiple TRPs and via a first carrier, the downlink control message scheduling a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier.

[0165] The TCI state selector 830 may select one or more TCI states from a set of TCI states for receiving the downlink signal based on the prioritization of the first transmission scheme.

[0166] The downlink signal receiver 835 may receive the downlink signal via a second carrier according to one or more selected TCI states.

[0167] The transmitter 840 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device 805. In some examples, the transmitter 840 may be co-located with the receiver 810 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 840 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1820 described with reference to Figure 18 The transmitter 840 may utilize a single antenna or an antenna array.

[0168] Figure 9 FIG. 900 is a block diagram illustrating a communication manager 905 that supports a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The communication manager 905 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 715, the communication manager 815, or the communication manager 1810 described herein. The communication manager 905 may include a prioritization component 910, a control receiver 915, a TCI state selector 920, a downlink signal receiver 925, a code point manager 930, a QCL component 935, an indication transmitter 940, a transmit beam manager 945, and a beam switching component 950. Each of these modules may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0169] The prioritization component 910 may prioritize a first transmission scheme to be used for TCI determination among a set of transmission schemes.

[0170] In some examples, the prioritization component 910 may determine that the first transmission scheme is a cross-carrier scheme based on the second carrier being different from the first carrier.

[0171] In some examples, the prioritization component 910 may determine that the first transmission scheme is an same-carrier scheme based on the second carrier being the same as the first carrier.

[0172] In some examples, the prioritization component 910 may determine that the first transmission scheme is a single-TRP scheme based on the downlink signal being scheduled for transmission by a first TRP.

[0173] In some examples, the prioritization component 910 may determine that the first transmission scheme is a multi-TRP scheme based on the downlink signal being scheduled for transmission by a second TRP among the multiple TRPs.

[0174] The control receiver 915 may receive a downlink control message from a first TRP among the multiple TRPs and via a first carrier, the downlink control message scheduling a downlink signal for a UE via a second carrier.

[0175] The TCI state selector 920 may select one or more TCI states from the set of TCI states for receiving the downlink signal based on the prioritization of the first transmission scheme.

[0176] In some examples, the TCI state selector 920 may select one or more TCI states independently of the second transmission scheme indicated by the downlink control message.

[0177] In some examples, the TCI state selector 920 may select one or more TCI states based on the code point.

[0178] In some examples, the TCI state selector 920 may select one or more TCI states as the default TCI state based on the quasi-co-location information.

[0179] The downlink signal receiver 925 may receive the downlink signal via the second carrier according to the selected one or more TCI states.

[0180] In some examples, the downlink signal receiver 925 may receive the downlink signal based on one or more transmit beams.

[0181] The code point manager 930 may identify a set of TCI code points corresponding to the set of TCI states.

[0182] In some examples, the code point manager 930 may determine the code point in the set of TCI code points corresponding to the lowest code point associated with multiple TCI states.

[0183] In some examples, the code point manager 930 may determine the code point in the set of TCI code points corresponding to the lowest code point associated with a single TCI state.

[0184] The QCL component 935 may determine the quasi-co-location information for the downlink signal based on the downlink control message.

[0185] In some examples, the QCL component 935 may determine the default quasi-co-location information corresponding to the selected one or more TCI states based on the downlink signal being scheduled within the beam switching timing interval.

[0186] In some examples, the QCL component 935 may determine the quasi-co-location information corresponding to the selected one or more TCI states based on the downlink control message.

[0187] The indication transmitter 940 may transmit an indication of the prioritized first transmission scheme to the first TRP, based on which the downlink signal is received.

[0188] In some examples, the indication transmitter 940 may transmit a UE capability report or UE assistance information indicating a priority of a first transmission scheme over other transmission schemes in a set of competing transmission schemes.

[0189] In some examples, the indication transmitter 940 may transmit a UE capability report or UE assistance information indicating a respective priority level for each transmission scheme in a set of transmission schemes.

[0190] The transmit beam manager 945 may determine one or more transmit beams for transmitting a downlink signal based on one or more selected TCI states.

[0191] The beam switching component 950 may determine a beam switching timing interval based on a second transmission scheme indicated by a downlink control message, wherein the one or more TCI states are selected based on the beam switching timing interval.

[0192] Figure 10 FIG. shows a diagram of a system 1000 including a device 1005 that supports a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1005 may be an example of the device 705, the device 805, or the UE 115 described herein or include components of these devices. The device 1005 may include components for two-way voice and data communication, which include components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a communication manager 1010, an I / O controller 1015, a transceiver 1020, an antenna 1025, a memory 1030, and a processor 1040. These components may be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1045).

[0193] The communication manager 1010 may prioritize a first transmission scheme to be used for TCI determination among a set of transmission schemes; receive a downlink control message from a first TRP among a plurality of TRPs and via a first carrier, the downlink control message scheduling a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier; select one or more TCI states from a set of TCI states for receiving the downlink signal based on the prioritization of the first transmission scheme; and receive the downlink signal via the second carrier according to the one or more selected TCI states.

[0194] The I / O controller 1015 may manage input and output signals of the device 1005. The I / O controller 1015 may also manage peripheral devices not integrated into the device 1005. In some instances, the I / O controller 1015 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some instances, the I / O controller 1015 may utilize an operating system, such as or another known operating system. In other cases, the I / O controller 1015 may represent, or interact with, a modem, keyboard, mouse, touch screen, or similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 1015 may be implemented as part of a processor. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 1005 via the I / O controller 1015 or via the hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 1015.

[0195] The transceiver 1020 may communicate bi-directionally via one or more antennas, wired or wireless links, as described above. For example, the transceiver 1020 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1020 may also include a modem to modulate packets and provide the modulated packets to the antenna for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the antenna.

[0196] In some cases, the wireless device may include a single antenna 1025. However, in some cases, the device may have more than one antenna 1025, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions.

[0197] The memory 1030 may include RAM and ROM. The memory 1030 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1035 that includes instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform the various functions described herein. In some cases, the memory 1030 may specifically contain a BIOS that may control basic hardware or software operations, such as interactions with peripheral components or devices.

[0198] The processor 1040 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., a general-purpose processor, DSP, CPU, microcontroller, ASIC, FPGA, programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor 1040 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into the processor 1040. The processor 1040 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 1030) to cause the device 1005 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs).

[0199] The code 1035 may include instructions for implementing aspects of the present disclosure, including instructions for supporting wireless communication. The code 1035 may be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or other types of memory. In some cases, the code 1035 may not be directly executable by the processor 1040, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein.

[0200] Figure 11 FIG. 1100 is a block diagram of an apparatus 1105 that supports a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The apparatus 1105 may be an example of aspects of the base station 105 described herein. The apparatus 1105 may include a receiver 1110, a communication manager 1115, and a transmitter 1120. The apparatus 1105 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0201] The receiver 1110 may receive information, such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs, etc.). The information may be passed to other components of the apparatus 1105. The receiver 1110 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 2220 described with reference to Figure 22 The receiver 1110 may utilize a single antenna or an antenna array.

[0202] The communication manager 1115 may receive an indication of a first transmission scheme prioritized among a set of transmission schemes supported by the UE; select one or more TCI states from the set of TCI states for a downlink signal of the UE based on the first transmission scheme; and transmit a downlink control message to the UE via a first carrier, the downlink control message scheduling a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier based on the selected one or more TCI states. The communication manager 1115 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 2210 described herein.

[0203] The communication manager 1115 or its sub-components may be implemented in hardware, code executed by a processor (e.g., software or firmware), or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the communication manager 1115 or its sub-components may be executed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described in the present disclosure.

[0204] The communication manager 1115 or its sub-components may be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of the functionality are implemented by one or more physical components at different physical locations. In some examples, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure, the communication manager 1115 or its sub-components may be separate and distinct components. In some examples, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure, the communication manager 1115 or its sub-components may be combined with one or more other hardware components, the one or more other hardware components including but not limited to input / output (I / O) components, transceivers, network servers, another computing device, one or more other components described in the present disclosure, or combinations thereof.

[0205] The transmitter 1120 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device 1105. In some examples, the transmitter 1120 may co-reside in a transceiver module with the receiver 1110. For example, the transmitter 1120 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 2220 described with reference to Figure 22 The transmitter 1120 may utilize a single antenna or an antenna array.

[0206] Figure 12 Block diagram 1200 of a device 1205 supporting a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1205 may be an example of aspects of the device 1105 or the base station 105 described herein. The device 1205 may include a receiver 1210, a communication manager 1215, and a transmitter 1235. The device 1205 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0207] The receiver 1210 may receive information, such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs, etc.). The information may be passed to other components of the device 1205. The receiver 1210 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 2220 described with reference to Figure 22 The receiver 1210 may utilize a single antenna or an antenna array.

[0208] The communication manager 1215 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 1115 described herein. The communication manager 1215 may include an indication receiver 1220, a selection manager 1225, and a control transmitter 1230. The communication manager 1215 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 2210 described herein.

[0209] The indication receiver 1220 may receive an indication of a first transmission scheme prioritized among a set of transmission schemes supported by the UE from the UE.

[0210] The selection manager 1225 may select one or more TCI states for the downlink signal of the UE from the set of TCI states based on the first transmission scheme.

[0211] The control transmitter 1230 may transmit a downlink control message to the UE via a first carrier, and the downlink control message schedules the downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier based on the selected one or more TCI states.

[0212] The transmitter 1235 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device 1205. In some examples, the transmitter 1235 may be co-located with the receiver 1210 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 1235 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 2220 described with reference to Figure 22 The transmitter 1235 may utilize a single antenna or an antenna array.

[0213] Figure 13 FIG. 1300 is a block diagram of a communication manager 1305 that supports a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs according to aspects of the present disclosure. The communication manager 1305 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 1115, the communication manager 1215, or the communication manager 2210 described herein. The communication manager 1305 may include an indication receiver 1310, a selection manager 1315, a control transmitter 1320, a capability receiver 1325, a transmit beam component 1330, a downlink signal transmitter 1335, a beam switching timing component 1340, and a QCL transmitter 1345. Each of these modules may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0214] The indication receiver 1310 may receive an indication of a first transmission scheme prioritized from a set of transmission schemes supported by the UE.

[0215] The selection manager 1315 may select one or more TCI states for the downlink signal of the UE from the set of TCI states based on the first transmission scheme.

[0216] The control transmitter 1320 may transmit a downlink control message to the UE via a first carrier, and the downlink control message schedules the downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier based on the selected one or more TCI states.

[0217] The capability receiver 1325 may receive a UE capability report or UE assistance information indicating the priority of the first transmission scheme over other transmission schemes in the set of transmission schemes.

[0218] In some examples, the capabilities receiver 1325 may receive a UE capabilities report or UE assistance information indicating a respective priority level for each transmission scheme in a set of transmission schemes.

[0219] The transmit beam manager 1330 may determine one or more transmit beams for transmitting a downlink signal based on one or more selected TCI states.

[0220] The downlink signal transmitter 1335 may transmit the downlink signal based on the one or more transmit beams.

[0221] The beam switching timing component 1340 may determine a beam switching timing interval based on a downlink control message, wherein the one or more TCI states are selected based on the beam switching timing interval.

[0222] The QCL transmitter 1345 may transmit quasi - co - location information to the UE in a downlink control message.

[0223] Figure 14 FIG. shows a diagram of a system 1400 including an apparatus 1405 that supports a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The apparatus 1405 may be an example of the apparatus 1105, the apparatus 1205, or the base station 105 described herein or include components of the foregoing apparatuses. The apparatus 1405 may include components for two - way voice and data communication, which include components for transmitting and receiving communication, including a communication manager 1410, a network communication manager 1415, a transceiver 1420, an antenna 1425, a memory 1430, a processor 1440, and an inter - station communication manager 1445. These components may be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1450).

[0224] The communication manager 1410 may receive an indication from the UE of a first transmission scheme prioritized among a set of transmission schemes supported by the UE; select one or more TCI states for a downlink signal for the UE from a set of TCI states based on the first transmission scheme; and transmit a downlink control message to the UE via a first carrier, the downlink control message scheduling a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier based on the one or more selected TCI states.

[0225] The network communication manager 1415 may manage communication with the core network (e.g., via one or more wired backhaul links). For example, the network communication manager 1415 may manage the delivery of data communication for client devices (such as one or more UEs 115).

[0226] The transceiver 1420 can perform two-way communication via one or more antennas, wired or wireless links, as described herein. For example, the transceiver 1420 can represent a wireless transceiver and can perform two-way communication with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1420 can also include a modem to modulate packets and provide the modulated packets to the antenna for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the antenna.

[0227] In some cases, the wireless device can include a single antenna 1425. However, in some cases, the device can have more than one antenna 1425, and these antennas can be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions.

[0228] The memory 1430 can include RAM, ROM, or a combination thereof. The memory 1430 can store computer-readable code 1435 including instructions that, when executed by a processor (e.g., processor 1440), cause the device to perform the various functions described herein. In some cases, the memory 1430 can particularly contain a BIOS that can control basic hardware or software operations, such as interactions with peripheral components or devices.

[0229] The processor 1440 can include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor 1440 can be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some cases, the memory controller can be integrated into the processor 1440. The processor 1440 can be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 1430) to cause the device 1405 to perform various functions (e.g., support functions or tasks for a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs).

[0230] The inter-station communication manager 1445 can manage communication with other base stations 105 and can include a controller or scheduler for collaboratively controlling communication with the UE 115 with other base stations 105. For example, the inter-station communication manager 1445 can coordinate the scheduling of transmissions to the UE 115 for various interference mitigation techniques, such as beamforming or joint transmission. In some examples, the inter-station communication manager 1445 can provide an X2 interface within the LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to provide communication between base stations 105.

[0231] Code 1435 may include instructions for implementing aspects of the present disclosure, including instructions for supporting wireless communications. Code 1435 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or other types of memory. In some cases, code 1435 may not be directly executed by the processor 1440, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein.

[0232] Figure 15 FIG. 1500 is a flow chart illustrating a method 1500 for supporting a transmission beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Operations of method 1500 may be implemented by a UE 115 or components thereof as described herein. For example, operations of method 1500 may be performed by a communication manager as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the functions described below.

[0233] At 1505, the UE may prioritize a first transmission scheme among a set of transmission schemes to be used for TCI determination. The operation at 1505 may be performed in accordance with the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1505 may be performed by a prioritization component as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 At 1510, the UE may receive a downlink control message from a first TRP among multiple TRPs and via a first carrier, the downlink control message scheduling a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier. The operation at 1510 may be performed in accordance with the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1510 may be performed by a control receiver as described with reference to

[0234] At 1515, the UE may select one or more TCI states from a set of TCI states for receiving the downlink signal based on the prioritization of the first transmission scheme. The operation at 1515 may be performed in accordance with the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1515 may be performed by a TCI state selector as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 At 1520, the UE may receive the downlink signal via the second carrier according to the selected one or more TCI states. The operation at 1520 may be performed in accordance with the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1520 may be performed by a downlink signal receiver as described with reference to

[0235] At 1520, the UE may receive the downlink signal via the second carrier according to the selected one or more TCI states. The operation at 1520 may be performed in accordance with the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1520 may be performed by a downlink signal receiver as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 At 1520, the UE may receive the downlink signal via the second carrier according to the selected one or more TCI states. The operation at 1520 may be performed in accordance with the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1520 may be performed by a downlink signal receiver as described with reference to

[0236] At 1520, the UE may receive the downlink signal via the second carrier according to the selected one or more TCI states. The operation at 1520 may be performed in accordance with the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1520 may be performed by a downlink signal receiver as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 At 1520, the UE may receive the downlink signal via the second carrier according to the selected one or more TCI states. The operation at 1520 may be performed in accordance with the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1520 may be performed by a downlink signal receiver as described with reference to

[0237] Figure 16A flowchart illustrating method 1600 that supports a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown. Operations of method 1600 may be implemented by UE 115 or its components as described herein. For example, operations of method 1600 may be performed by a communication manager as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 as described. In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control functional elements of the UE to perform the following functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the following functions.

[0238] At 1605, the UE may prioritize a first transmission scheme to be used for TCI determination among a set of transmission schemes. The operation of 1605 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1605 may be performed by a prioritization component as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 as described.

[0239] At 1610, the UE may receive a downlink control message from a first TRP among multiple TRPs and via a first carrier, the downlink control message scheduling a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier. The operation of 1610 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1610 may be performed by a control receiver as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 as described.

[0240] At 1615, the UE may select one or more TCI states from a set of TCI states for receiving the downlink signal based on the prioritization of the first transmission scheme. The operation of 1615 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1615 may be performed by a TCI state selector as referred to in Figures 7 to 10 as described.

[0241] At 1620, the UE may select one or more TCI states independently of a second transmission scheme indicated by the downlink control message. The operation of 1620 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1620 may be performed by a TCI state selector as referred to in Figures 7 to 10 as described.

[0242] At 1625, the UE may receive the downlink signal via the second carrier according to the selected one or more TCI states. The operation of 1625 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1625 may be performed by a downlink signal receiver as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 as described.

[0243] Figure 17FIG. 1700 is a flow chart illustrating a method 1700 that supports a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Operations of method 1700 may be implemented by a UE 115 or components thereof as described herein. For example, operations of method 1700 may be performed by a communication manager as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 Additional or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the functions described herein.

[0244] At 1705, the UE may prioritize a first transmission scheme to be used for TCI determination among a set of transmission schemes. The operation of 1705 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1705 may be performed by a prioritization component as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 Additional or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the functions described herein.

[0245] At 1710, the UE may receive a downlink control message from a first TRP among a plurality of TRPs and via a first carrier, the downlink control message scheduling a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier. The operation of 1710 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1710 may be performed by a control receiver as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 Additional or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the functions described herein.

[0246] At 1715, the UE may identify a set of TCI code points corresponding to a set of TCI states. The operation of 1715 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1715 may be performed by a code point manager as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 Additional or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the functions described herein.

[0247] At 1720, the UE may determine a code point in the set of TCI code points corresponding to the lowest code point associated with a plurality of TCI states. The operation of 1720 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1720 may be performed by a code point manager as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 Additional or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the functions described herein.

[0248] At 1725, the UE may select one or more TCI states based on the code point. The operation of 1725 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1725 may be performed by a TCI state selector as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 Additional or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the functions described herein.

[0249] At 1730, the UE may select one or more TCI states from a set of TCI states for receiving downlink signals based on prioritization of a first transmission scheme. The operation at 1730 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1730 may be performed by a TCI state selector as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 as described.

[0250] At 1735, the UE may select one or more TCI states independently of a second transmission scheme indicated by a downlink control message. The operation at 1735 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1735 may be performed by a TCI state selector as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 as described.

[0251] At 1740, the UE may receive the downlink signal via the second carrier according to the one or more selected TCI states. The operation at 1740 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1740 may be performed by a downlink signal receiver as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 as described.

[0252] Figure 18 A flowchart illustrating a method 1800 for supporting a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of method 1800 may be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method 1800 may be performed by a communication manager as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 as described. In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control functional elements of the UE to perform the following functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the following functions.

[0253] At 1805, the UE may prioritize a first transmission scheme to be used for TCI determination among a set of transmission schemes. The operation at 1805 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1805 may be performed by a prioritization component as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 as described.

[0254] At 1810, the UE may receive a downlink control message from a first TRP among a plurality of TRPs and via a first carrier, the downlink control message scheduling a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier. The operation at 1810 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at 1810 may be performed by a control receiver as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 as described.

[0255] In 1815, the UE can identify a set of TCI code points corresponding to a set of TCI states. The operation of 1815 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1815 can be performed by a code point manager as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 as described.

[0256] In 1820, the UE can determine the code point in the set of TCI code points that corresponds to the lowest code point associated with a single TCI state. The operation of 1820 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1820 can be performed by a code point manager as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 as described.

[0257] In 1825, the UE can select one or more TCI states based on the code point. The operation of 1825 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1825 can be performed by a TCI state selector as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 as described.

[0258] In 1830, the UE can select one or more TCI states from the set of TCI states for receiving a downlink signal based on the prioritization of a first transmission scheme. The operation of 1830 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1830 can be performed by a TCI state selector as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 as described.

[0259] In 1835, the UE can select one or more TCI states independently of a second transmission scheme indicated by a downlink control message. The operation of 1835 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1835 can be performed by a TCI state selector as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 as described.

[0260] In 1840, the UE can receive the downlink signal via the second carrier according to the selected one or more TCI states. The operation of 1840 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1840 can be performed by a downlink signal receiver as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 as described.

[0261] Figure 19 A flowchart illustrating a method 1900 for supporting a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of method 1900 can be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method 1900 can be performed by a component as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10performed by the described communication manager. In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the following functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the following functions.

[0262] At 1905, the UE may prioritize a first transmission scheme among a set of transmission schemes to be used for TCI determination. The operation of 1905 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1905 may be performed by a prioritization component as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 the description.

[0263] At 1910, the UE may receive a downlink control message from a first TRP among multiple TRPs and via a first carrier, the downlink control message scheduling a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier. The operation of 1910 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1910 may be performed by a control receiver as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 the description.

[0264] At 1915, the UE may determine quasi-co-location information for the downlink signal based on the downlink control message. The operation of 1915 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1915 may be performed by a QCL component as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 the description.

[0265] At 1920, the UE may select one or more TCI states from a set of TCI states for receiving the downlink signal based on the prioritization of the first transmission scheme. The operation of 1920 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1920 may be performed by a TCI state selector as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 the description.

[0266] At 1925, the UE may select one or more TCI states as default TCI states based on the quasi-co-location information. The operation of 1925 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1925 may be performed by a TCI state selector as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 the description.

[0267] At 1930, the UE may receive the downlink signal via the second carrier according to the selected one or more TCI states. The operation of 1930 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1930 may be performed by a downlink signal receiver as described with reference to Figures 7 to 10 the description.

[0268] Figure 20A flowchart illustrating method 2000 that supports a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown. Operations of method 2000 may be implemented by base station 105 or components thereof as described herein. For example, operations of method 2000 may be performed by a communication manager as described with reference to Figures 11 to 14 as described. In some examples, the base station may execute an instruction set to control functional elements of the base station to perform the following functions. Additionally or alternatively, the base station may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the functions described below.

[0269] At 2005, the base station may receive an indication of a first transmission scheme prioritized among a set of transmission schemes supported by the UE. The operation of 2005 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2005 may be performed by an indication receiver as described with reference to Figures 11 to 14 described.

[0270] At 2010, the base station may select one or more TCI states for the downlink signal for the UE from a set of TCI states based on the first transmission scheme. The operation of 2010 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2010 may be performed by a selection manager as referenced Figures 11 to 14 as described.

[0271] At 2015, the base station may transmit a downlink control message to the UE via a first carrier, the downlink control message scheduling a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier based on the selected one or more TCI states. The operation of 2015 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2015 may be performed by a control transmitter as referenced Figures 11 to 14 as described.

[0272] Figure 21 A flowchart illustrating method 2100 that supports a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown. Operations of method 2100 may be implemented by base station 105 or components thereof as described herein. For example, operations of method 2100 may be performed by a communication manager as described with reference to Figures 11 to 14 as described. In some examples, the base station may execute an instruction set to control functional elements of the base station to perform the following functions. Additionally or alternatively, the base station may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the functions described below.

[0273] At 2105, the base station may receive an indication of a first transmission scheme prioritized among a set of transmission schemes supported by the UE. The operation of 2105 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2105 may be performed by an indication receiver as described with reference toFigures 11 to 14 Performed by the described indication receiver.

[0274] At 2110, the base station may receive a UE capability report or UE assistance information indicating the priority of a first transmission scheme over other transmission schemes in a set of competing transmission schemes. The operations of 2110 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2110 may be performed by a capability receiver as described with reference to Figures 11 to 14 the described capability receiver.

[0275] At 2115, the base station may select one or more TCI states from a set of TCI states for the downlink signal of the UE based on the first transmission scheme. The operations of 2115 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2115 may be performed by a selection manager as described with reference to Figures 11 to 14 the described selection manager.

[0276] At 2120, the base station may transmit a downlink control message to the UE via a first carrier, the downlink control message scheduling a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier based on the selected one or more TCI states. The operations of 2120 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2120 may be performed by a control transmitter as described with reference to Figures 11 to 14 the described control transmitter.

[0277] Figure 22 A flowchart illustrating a method 2200 supporting a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of method 2200 may be implemented by a base station 105 or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method 2200 may be performed by a communication manager as described with reference to Figures 11 to 14 the described communication manager. In some examples, the base station may execute an instruction set to control functional elements of the base station to perform the following functions. Additionally or alternatively, the base station may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the following described functions.

[0278] At 2205, the base station may receive an indication of a first transmission scheme prioritized among a set of transmission schemes supported by the UE. The operations of 2205 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2205 may be performed by an indication receiver as described with reference to Figures 11 to 14 the described indication receiver.

[0279] At 2210, the base station may receive a UE capability report or UE assistance information indicating a respective priority level for each transmission scheme in a set of transmission schemes. The operations of 2210 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2210 may be performed by a...Figures 11 to 14 Performed by the described capability receiver.

[0280] At 2215, the base station may select, based on a first transmission scheme, one or more TCI states for the downlink signal of the UE from a set of TCI states. The operation of 2215 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2215 may be performed by a selection manager as described with reference to Figures 11 to 14 As described.

[0281] At 2220, the base station may transmit a downlink control message to the UE via a first carrier, the downlink control message scheduling a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier based on the selected one or more TCI states. The operation of 2220 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2220 may be performed by a control transmitter as described with reference to Figures 11 to 14 As described.

[0282] Figure 23 A flowchart illustrating a method 2300 supporting a transmit beam selection scheme for multiple TRPs in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of method 2300 may be implemented by base station 105 or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method 2300 may be performed by a communication manager as described with reference to Figures 11 to 14 As described. In some examples, the base station may execute an instruction set to control functional elements of the base station to perform the following functions. Additionally or alternatively, the base station may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the functions described below.

[0283] At 2305, the base station may receive an indication of a first transmission scheme prioritized from a set of transmission schemes supported by the UE. The operation of 2305 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2305 may be performed by an indication receiver as described with reference to Figures 11 to 14 As described.

[0284] At 2310, the base station may select, based on the first transmission scheme, one or more TCI states for the downlink signal of the UE from a set of TCI states. The operation of 2310 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2310 may be performed by a selection manager as described with reference to Figures 11 to 14 As described.

[0285] At 2315, the base station may transmit a downlink control message to the UE via a first carrier, where the downlink control message schedules a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier based on one or more selected TCI states. The operation of 2315 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2315 may be performed by a control transmitter as described with reference to Figures 11 to 14 is described.

[0286] At 2320, the base station may transmit quasi-co-location information to the UE in a downlink control message. The operation of 2320 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2320 may be performed by a QCL transmitter as described with reference to Figures 11 to 14 is described.

[0287] Note that the methods described herein describe possible implementations, and the operations and steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and other implementations are possible. Additionally, aspects from two or more methods may be combined.

[0288] Although aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for example purposes and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in most of the description, the techniques described herein may also be applied to networks other than LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques may be applied to various other wireless communication systems such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0289] The information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different arts and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referred to throughout this description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof.

[0290] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein can be implemented or performed with a general purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, CPU, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor can be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor can be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor can also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0291] The functions described herein can be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions can be stored on or transmitted via a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or code. Other examples and implementations fall within the scope of the disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein can be implemented using software, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination thereof executed by a processor. The features implementing the functions can also be physically located in various places, including being distributed such that portions of the functions are implemented at different physical locations.

[0292] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a general or special purpose computer. By way of example and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media can include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a general or special purpose computer, or a general or special purpose processor. Similarly, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a web site, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. As used herein, disk and disc include CD, laser disc, optical disc, DVD, floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically and discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above media are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0293] As used herein, including in the claims, the "or" used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items accompanied by language such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") indicates an inclusive listing such that, for example, the listing of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Also, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be construed as reciting a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" may be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be construed in the same manner as the phrase "at least partially based on".

[0294] In the drawings, like components or features may have the same reference numeral. Additionally, each of the same type of components may be distinguished by following the reference numeral with a dash and a second label that differentiates between similar components. If only the first reference numeral is used in the specification, the description may apply to any one of the similar components having the same first reference numeral regardless of the second reference numeral, or any other subsequent reference numerals.

[0295] The description set forth herein with reference to the drawings describes example configurations and does not represent all examples that may be implemented or that fall within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration" and does not mean "superior to" or "better than" other examples. This detailed description includes specific details to provide an understanding of the described techniques. However, the techniques may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0296] The description provided herein is to enable a person of ordinary skill in the art to make or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the present disclosure will be apparent to a person of ordinary skill in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: transmitting to a first transmission reception point (TRP) among a plurality of TRPs a UE capability report or UE assistance information indicating a respective priority level for each of a plurality of transmission schemes, wherein the plurality of transmission schemes includes at least a single-TRP transmission scheme, a multi-TRP transmission scheme, and a single frequency network transmission scheme; transmitting to the first TRP information indicating a prioritization of a first transmission scheme among the plurality of transmission schemes over other transmission schemes supported at the UE; receiving a downlink control message from the first TRP and via a first carrier, the downlink control message scheduling a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier; selecting, at least in part based on the prioritization of the first transmission scheme, one or more transmission configuration indication (TCI) states from a set of TCI states for receiving the downlink signal; and receiving the downlink signal via the second carrier according to the selected one or more TCI states and the information indicating the prioritization of the first transmission scheme.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein selecting the one or more TCI states further comprises: selecting the one or more TCI states independently of a second transmission scheme indicated by the downlink control message among the plurality of transmission schemes.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first transmission scheme is the multi-TRP transmission scheme among the plurality of transmission schemes, the method further comprising: identifying a set of transmission configuration indication code points corresponding to the set of TCI states; determining a code point in the set of transmission configuration indication code points corresponding to the lowest code point associated with a plurality of TCI states; and selecting the one or more TCI states, at least in part based on the code point.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first transmission scheme is the single-TRP transmission scheme among the plurality of transmission schemes, the method further comprising: identifying a set of transmission configuration indication code points corresponding to the set of TCI states; determining a code point in the set of transmission configuration indication code points corresponding to the lowest code point associated with a single TCI state; and selecting the one or more TCI states, at least in part based on the code point.

5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: determining, at least in part based on the downlink control message, quasi-co-location information for the downlink signal; and selecting, at least in part based on the quasi-co-location information, the one or more TCI states as default TCI states.

6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: determining, at least in part based on the selected one or more TCI states, one or more transmit beams for transmitting the downlink signal; and receiving the downlink signal, at least in part based on the one or more transmit beams.

7. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Determining a beam switching timing interval at least partially based on a second transmission scheme indicated by the downlink control message, wherein the one or more transmission configuration indication states are further selected at least partially based on the beam switching timing interval.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein selecting the one or more transmission configuration indication states comprises: Determining default quasi co-location information corresponding to the selected one or more transmission configuration indication states at least partially based on the downlink signal being scheduled within the beam switching timing interval.

9. The method according to claim 7, wherein selecting the one or more transmission configuration indication states comprises: Determining quasi co-location information corresponding to the selected one or more transmission configuration indication states at least partially based on the downlink control message.

10. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Determining that the first transmission scheme is an inter-carrier scheme at least partially based on the second carrier being different from the first carrier.

11. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Determining that the first transmission scheme is an intra-carrier scheme at least partially based on the second carrier being the same as the first carrier.

12. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Determining that the first transmission scheme is the single-TRP transmission scheme among the multiple transmission schemes at least partially based on the downlink signal being scheduled for transmission by the first TRP.

13. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Determining that the first transmission scheme is the multi-TRP transmission scheme among the multiple transmission schemes at least partially based on the downlink signal being scheduled for transmission by a second TRP among the multiple TRPs.

14. A method for wireless communication at a transmission and reception point (TRP), comprising: Receiving, from a user equipment (UE), a UE capability report or UE assistance information indicating a respective priority level for each of a plurality of transmission schemes, wherein the plurality of transmission schemes at least includes a single-TRP transmission scheme, a multi-TRP transmission scheme, and a single-frequency network transmission scheme; Receiving, from the UE, an indication of a first transmission scheme prioritized among the plurality of transmission schemes supported by the UE; Selecting, at least partially based on the first transmission scheme, one or more transmission configuration indication states for a downlink signal for the UE from a set of transmission configuration indication states; And Transmitting, via a first carrier, a downlink control message to the UE, the downlink control message scheduling, at least partially based on the selected one or more transmission configuration indication states and the first transmission scheme being prioritized among the plurality of transmission schemes, a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier.

15. The method according to claim 14, further comprising: Determining, at least partially based on the selected one or more transmission configuration indication states, one or more transmit beams for transmitting the downlink signal; And Transmit the downlink signal based at least in part on the one or more transmit beams.

16. The method according to claim 14, further comprising: Determine a beam switching timing interval based at least in part on the downlink control message, wherein the one or more transmission configuration indication states are selected based at least in part on the beam switching timing interval.

17. The method according to claim 14, further comprising: Transmit quasi - co - location information to the UE in the downlink control message.

18. An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: A processor; A memory coupled to the processor; And Instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the following operations: Transmit a UE capability report or UE assistance information indicating respective priority levels for each of a plurality of transmission schemes to a first transmission and reception point (TRP) among a plurality of TRPs, wherein the plurality of transmission schemes at least include a single - TRP transmission scheme, a multi - TRP transmission scheme, and a single - frequency network transmission scheme; Transmit to the first TRP information indicating a prioritization of a first transmission scheme among the plurality of transmission schemes over other transmission schemes supported at the UE; Receive a downlink control message from the first TRP and via a first carrier, the downlink control message scheduling a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier; Select, based at least in part on the prioritization of the first transmission scheme, one or more transmission configuration indication states from a set of transmission configuration indication states for receiving the downlink signal; And Receive the downlink signal via the second carrier according to the selected one or more transmission configuration indication states and the information indicating the prioritization of the first transmission scheme.

19. The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the instructions for selecting the one or more transmission configuration indication states can be further executed by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Select the one or more transmission configuration indication states independently of a second transmission scheme indicated by the downlink control message among the plurality of transmission schemes.

20. The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the first transmission scheme is the multi - TRP transmission scheme among the plurality of transmission schemes, and the instructions stored in the memory can be further executed by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Identify a set of transmission configuration indication code points corresponding to the set of transmission configuration indication states; Determine a code point in the set of transmission configuration indication code points corresponding to the lowest code point associated with a plurality of transmission configuration indication states; And Select the one or more transmission configuration indication states based at least in part on the code point.

21. The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the first transmission scheme is the single - TRP transmission scheme among the plurality of transmission schemes, and the instructions stored in the memory can be further executed by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Identify a set of transmission configuration indication (TCI) code points corresponding to the set of TCI states; Determine a code point in the set of TCI code points corresponding to the lowest code point associated with a single TCI state; And Select the one or more TCI states at least in part based on the code point.

22. The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the instructions stored in the memory can be further executed by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Determine quasi-co-location information for the downlink signal at least in part based on the downlink control message; and Select the one or more TCI states as default TCI states at least in part based on the quasi-co-location information.

23. The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the instructions stored in the memory can be further executed by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Determine one or more transmit beams for transmitting the downlink signal at least in part based on the one or more selected TCI states; and Receive the downlink signal at least in part based on the one or more transmit beams.

24. The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the instructions stored in the memory can be further executed by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Determine a beam switching timing interval at least in part based on a second transmission scheme indicated by the downlink control message, wherein the one or more TCI states are selected at least in part based on the beam switching timing interval.

25. The apparatus according to claim 24, wherein the instructions for selecting the one or more TCI states can be further executed by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Determine default quasi-co-location information corresponding to the one or more selected TCI states at least in part based on the downlink signal being scheduled within the beam switching timing interval.

26. The apparatus according to claim 24, wherein the instructions for selecting the one or more TCI states can be further executed by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Determine quasi-co-location information corresponding to the one or more selected TCI states at least in part based on the downlink control message.

27. The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the instructions stored in the memory can be further executed by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Determine that the first transmission scheme is an inter-carrier scheme at least in part based on the second carrier being different from the first carrier.

28. The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the instructions stored in the memory can be further executed by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Determine that the first transmission scheme is an intra-carrier scheme at least in part based on the second carrier being the same as the first carrier.

29. The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the instructions stored in the memory can be further executed by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Determine that the first transmission scheme is the single-TRP transmission scheme among the multiple transmission schemes at least partially based on that the downlink signal is scheduled for transmission by the first TRP.

30. The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the instructions stored in the memory can be further executed by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Determine that the first transmission scheme is the multi-TRP transmission scheme among the multiple transmission schemes at least partially based on that the downlink signal is scheduled for transmission by a second TRP among the multiple TRPs.

31. An apparatus for wireless communication at a transmission and reception point (TRP), comprising: A processor; A memory coupled to the processor; And Instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the following operations: Receive, from a user equipment (UE), a UE capability report or UE assistance information indicating a respective priority level for each of multiple transmission schemes, wherein the multiple transmission schemes at least include a single-TRP transmission scheme, a multi-TRP transmission scheme, and a single-frequency network transmission scheme; Receive, from the UE, an indication of a first transmission scheme prioritized among the multiple transmission schemes supported by the UE; Select, at least partially based on the first transmission scheme, one or more transmission configuration indication (TCI) states for the downlink signal of the UE from a set of TCI states; And Transmit, via a first carrier, a downlink control message that schedules, at least partially based on the selected one or more TCI states and that the first transmission scheme is prioritized among the multiple transmission schemes, a downlink signal for the UE via a second carrier.

32. The apparatus according to claim 31, wherein the instructions stored in the memory can be further executed by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Determine, at least partially based on the selected one or more TCI states, one or more transmit beams for transmitting the downlink signal; and Transmit the downlink signal at least partially based on the one or more transmit beams.

33. The apparatus according to claim 31, wherein the instructions stored in the memory can be further executed by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Determine, at least partially based on the downlink control message, a beam switching timing interval, wherein the one or more TCI states are selected at least partially based on the beam switching timing interval.

34. The apparatus according to claim 31, wherein the instructions stored in the memory can be further executed by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Transmit quasi-co-location information to the UE in the downlink control message.

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