Beam management in multiple transmission and reception points

Abstract

A wireless device receives a downlink control information (DCI) via a first control resource set (coreset) of a first coreset pool of a plurality of coreset pools of a cell. The DCI indicates transmission of a sounding reference signal (SRS) via the cell. The wireless device transmits the SRS with second coreset-based transmission parameters in response to the second coreset having a lowest coreset index of one or more coresets associated with the first coreset pool.

Description

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 007,110, filed April 8, 2020, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. Attached Figure Description

[0003] Examples of several embodiments of the various embodiments of this disclosure are described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0004] Figure 1A and Figure 1B An exemplary mobile communication network in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented is shown.

[0005] Figure 2A and Figure 2B The new radio (NR) user plane and control plane protocol stacks are shown respectively.

[0006] Figure 3 It shows in Figure 2A An example of the services provided between the protocol layers of the NR user plane protocol stack.

[0007] Figure 4A It shows the flow through Figure 2A An example downlink data stream of the NR user plane protocol stack.

[0008] Figure 4B An exemplary format of the MAC subheader in a MAC PDU is shown.

[0009] Figure 5A and Figure 5B The mappings between logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels used for downlink and uplink are shown respectively.

[0010] Figure 6 This is an exemplary diagram illustrating the RRC state transition of the UE.

[0011] Figure 7 An exemplary configuration in which OFDM symbols are grouped into NR frames is shown.

[0012] Figure 8 An exemplary configuration of time slots in the time-frequency domain of an NR carrier is shown.

[0013] Figure 9 An example of bandwidth adaptation using three configured BWPs with an NR carrier is shown.

[0014] Figure 10A Three carrier aggregation configurations with two component carriers are shown.

[0015] Figure 10B An example is shown of how a poly cell can be configured into one or more PUCCH groups.

[0016] Figure 11A An example is shown of an SS / PBCH block structure and location.

[0017] Figure 11B An example is shown of a CSI-RS mapped in the time and frequency domain.

[0018] Figure 12A And Figure 12B Examples of three downlink and uplink beam management procedures are shown respectively.

[0019] Figure 13A , Figure 13B And Figure 13C Four-step contention-based random access procedure, two-step contention-less random access procedure, and another two-step random access procedure are shown respectively.

[0020] Figure 14A An example is shown of CORESET configuration of a bandwidth part.

[0021] Figure 14B An example is shown of CCE-to-REG mapping for DCI transmission on a CORESET and PDCCH processing.

[0022] Figure 15 An example is shown of a wireless device in communication with a base station.

[0023] Figure 16A , Figure 16B , Figure 16C And Figure 16D Example structures for uplink and downlink transmissions are shown.

[0024] Figure 17 is an example of beam management in accordance with an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 18 is an example of beam management in accordance with an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 19 is an example of beam management in accordance with an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 20 is an example of beam management in accordance with an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 21 is an example of beam management in accordance with an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 22 is an example flowchart of beam management in accordance with an aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 23 is an example of beam management in accordance with an aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In the present disclosure, various embodiments are presented in the form of examples of how the disclosed technology can be implemented and / or how the disclosed technology can be practiced in environments and scenarios. It will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant arts that various changes in form and detail can be made therein without departing from the scope of the present invention. Indeed, it will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant arts, upon reading the specification, how to implement alternative embodiments. The present embodiments should not be limited by any described exemplary embodiments. Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. Limitations, features and / or elements from the disclosed exemplary embodiments can be combined to create additional embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure. The figures are given purely for example purposes and the disclosed architecture is flexible and configurable enough that it can be utilized in ways other than shown. For example, the actions listed in any flowchart can be reordered or used only optionally in certain embodiments.

[0032] Embodiments can be configured to operate as needed. The disclosed mechanisms can be executed when certain criteria are met, such as in a wireless device, a base station, a radio environment, a network, a combination of the above, etc. Exemplary criteria can be based at least in part on, for example, a wireless device or network node configuration, traffic load, initial system settings, packet size, traffic characteristics, a combination of the above, etc. Various exemplary embodiments can be applied when one or more criteria are met. Thus, exemplary embodiments that selectively implement the disclosed protocols can be implemented.

[0033] A base station can communicate with a mix of wireless devices. The wireless devices and / or the base station can support multiple technologies and / or multiple versions of the same technology. The wireless devices can have certain specific capabilities depending on the wireless device class and / or capabilities. When the present disclosure refers to a base station communicating with multiple wireless devices, the present disclosure can mean a subset of the total wireless devices in a coverage area. For example, the present disclosure can mean a number of wireless devices that have a given capability and that are in a given sector of a base station of a given LTE or 5G version. The multiple wireless devices in the present disclosure can refer to a selected number of wireless devices, and / or a subset of the total wireless devices in a coverage area that perform according to the disclosed methods, etc. There can be multiple base stations or multiple wireless devices in a coverage area that can not comply with the disclosed methods, for example, these wireless devices or base stations can perform based on an older version of LTE or 5G technology.

[0034] In the present disclosure, “a” and “an” and similar phrases will be interpreted to mean “at least one” and “one or more.” Similarly, any term ending in “(s)” will be interpreted to mean “at least one” and “one or more.” In the present disclosure, the term “may” is interpreted to mean “may, for example.” In other words, the term “may” indicates that the phrase following the term “may” is an example of one of a number of suitable possibilities that can or can not be used in one or more embodiments. As used herein, the terms “comprises” and “comprising” enumerate one or more components of the element being described. The terms “comprises” and “comprising” are interchangeable, and do not exclude additional components being included in the element being described. In contrast, “comprise” provides a complete enumeration of one or more components of the element being described. As used herein, the term “based on” shall be interpreted as “based at least in part on” and not, for example, “based solely on.” As used herein, the term “and / or” means any possible combination of the enumerated elements. For example, “A, B, and / or C” can mean A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; or A, B, and C.

[0035] A is called a subset of B if every element of A is also an element of B. In the present specification, only non-empty sets and subsets are considered. For example, the possible subsets of B = {celll, cell2} are: {celll}, {cell2}, and {celll, cell2}. The phrase “based on” (or, equivalently, “based at least on”) means that the phrase after “based on” is an example of one of a number of suitable possibilities that can or can not be used in one or more embodiments. The phrase “in response to” (or, equivalently, “at least in response to”) means that the phrase after “in response to” is an example of one of a number of suitable possibilities that can or can not be used in one or more embodiments. The phrase “in dependence of” (or, equivalently, “at least in dependence of”) means that the phrase after “in dependence of” is an example of one of a number of suitable possibilities that can or can not be used in one or more embodiments. The phrase “employing / using” (or, equivalently, “at least employing / using”) means that the phrase after “employing / using” is an example of one of a number of suitable possibilities that can or can not be used in one or more embodiments.

[0036] The term configuration can relate to the capabilities of a device, whether the device is in an operational state or a non-operational state. "Configuration" can also mean a particular setting in a device that affects the operational characteristics of the device, whether the device is in an operational state or a non-operational state. In other words, hardware, software, firmware, registers, memory values, etc. can be "configured" within a device to provide the device with particular characteristics, whether the device is in an operational state or a non-operational state. The term "control message that causes in a device" can mean a control message that has parameters that can be used to configure particular characteristics in a device or parameters that can be used to implement certain actions in a device, whether the device is in an operational state or a non-operational state.

[0037] In this disclosure, a parameter (or equivalently, a field or information element: IE) can include one or more information objects, and an information object can include one or more other objects. For example, if parameter (IE) N includes parameter (IE) M, and parameter (IE) M includes parameter (IE) K, and parameter (IE) K includes parameter (information element) J. Then, for example, N includes K, and N includes J. In one example implementation, when one or more messages include a plurality of parameters, it means that a parameter of the plurality of parameters is in at least one of the one or more messages, but not necessarily in each of the one or more messages.

[0038] Many of the proposed features are described as optional by using "may" or using parentheses. For brevity and readability, this disclosure does not explicitly recite every permutation that can be obtained by selecting from among the optional features described. This disclosure should be interpreted to expressly disclose all such permutations. For example, a system described as having three optional features can be embodied in seven different ways, namely having only one of the three possible features, having any two of the three possible features, or having all three of the three possible features.

[0039] Many elements described in the disclosed embodiments can be implemented as modules. A module is defined herein as an element that performs the defined function and has defined interfaces to other elements. Modules described in this disclosure can be implemented in hardware, software combined with hardware, firmware, wet hardware (e.g., hardware with biological elements), or combinations thereof, all of which may be behaviorally equivalent. For example, a module can be implemented as a software routine written in a computer language configured to be executed by a hardware machine (such as C, C++, Fortran, Java, Basic, Matlab, etc.) or a modeling / simulation program (such as Simulink, Stateflow, GNU Octave, or LabVIEW MathScript). It is possible to implement modules using physical hardware incorporating discrete or programmable analog, digital, and / or quantum hardware. Examples of programmable hardware include: computers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs); field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs); and complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs). Computers, microcontrollers, and microprocessors are programmed using languages ​​such as assembly, C, C++, etc. FPGAs, ASICs, and CPLDs are frequently programmed using hardware description languages ​​(HDLs), such as VHSIC Hardware Description Language (VHDL) or Verilog. These languages ​​configure connections between limited internal hardware modules on a programmable device. The aforementioned techniques are often combined to achieve the desired functional module results.

[0040] Figure 1A An example of a mobile communication network 100 in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented is shown. The mobile communication network 100 may, for example, be a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) operated by a network operator. Figure 1A As shown, the mobile communication network 100 includes a core network (CN) 102, a radio access network (RAN) 104, and a wireless device 106.

[0041] CN 102 can provide the wireless device 106 with an interface to one or more data networks (DNs) (such as public DNs (e.g., the Internet), private DNs, and / or carrier-internal DNs). As part of the interface functionality, CN 102 can establish an end-to-end connection between the wireless device 106 and one or more DNs, authenticate the wireless device 106, and provide charging functionality.

[0042] The RAN 104 can connect the CN 102 to wireless devices 106 through radio communications via an air interface. As part of the radio communications, the RAN 104 can provide scheduling, radio resource management, and retransmission protocols. The communication direction from the RAN 104 to a wireless device 106 via the air interface is known as the downlink, and the communication direction from the wireless device 106 to the RAN 104 via the air interface is known as the uplink. Downlink transmissions can be separated from uplink transmissions using frequency division duplexing (FDD), time division duplexing (TDD), and / or some combination of the two duplexing techniques.

[0043] The term “wireless device” can be used throughout this disclosure to refer to and encompass any mobile device or fixed (non-mobile) device that needs or can use wireless communication. For example, a wireless device can be a telephone, smartphone, tablet, computer, laptop, sensor, meter, wearable device, Internet of Things (IoT) device, vehicle road-side unit (RSU), relay node, automobile, and / or any combination thereof. The term “wireless device” encompasses other terms, including user equipment (UE), user terminal (UT), access terminal (AT), mobile station, handset, wireless transmit and receive unit (WTRU), and / or wireless communication device.

[0044] The RAN 104 can include one or more base stations (not shown). The term “base station” can be used throughout this disclosure to refer to and encompass: a Node-B (associated with UMTS and / or 3G standards); an evolved Node-B (eNB, associated with E-UTRA and / or 4G standards); a remote radio head (RRH); a baseband processing unit coupled to one or more RRHs; a repeater node or relay node used to extend the coverage area of a donor node; a next generation evolved Node-B (ng-eNB); a generation Node-B (gNB, associated with NR and / or 5G standards); an access point (AP, associated with, for example, WiFi or any other suitable wireless communication standard); and / or any combination thereof. A base station can include at least one gNB-central unit (gNB-CU) and at least one gNB-distributed unit (gNB-DU).

[0045] The base stations included in the RAN 104 can include one or more groups of antennas, which can be used to communicate with wireless devices 106 over the air interface. For example, one or more of the base stations can include three groups of antennas to control the three cells (or sectors) respectively. The size of a cell can be determined by a range at which a receiver (e.g., a base station receiver) can successfully receive a transmission from a transmitter (e.g., a wireless device transmitter) operating in the cell. The cells of the base stations can together provide radio coverage to the wireless devices 106 over a wide geographic area to support the wireless devices’ mobility.

[0046] In addition to three-sector sites, other implementations of base stations are possible. For example, one or more of the base stations in the RAN 104 can be implemented as a sectored site with more or less than three sectors. One or more of the base stations in the RAN 104 can be implemented as an access point, a baseband processing unit coupled to several remote radio heads (RRHs), and / or a repeater or relay node used to extend the coverage area of a donor node. A baseband processing unit coupled to RRHs can be part of a centralized or cloud RAN architecture, where the baseband processing unit can be centralized in a pool of baseband processing units or virtualized. A repeater node can amplify and rebroadcast a radio signal received from a donor node. A relay node can perform the same / similar functions as a repeater node but can decode a radio signal received from a donor node to cancel noise before amplifying and rebroadcasting the radio signal.

[0047] The RAN 104 can be deployed as a homogeneous network of macro cell base stations, each having similar antenna patterns and similar high level transmission powers. The RAN 104 can be deployed as a heterogeneous network. In a heterogeneous network, small

[0048] The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) was formed in 1998 to provide global specification standards for mobile communication networks 100 similar to the mobile communication network 100 in Figure 1A To date, 3GPP has produced specifications for three generations of mobile networks: third generation (3G) networks, referred to as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), fourth generation (4G) networks, referred to as Long Term Evolution (LTE), and fifth generation (5G) networks, referred to as 5G System (5GS). Embodiments of the present disclosure are described with reference to the RAN of a 3GPP 5G network, referred to as Next Generation RAN (NG-RAN). These embodiments can be applicable to the RAN of other mobile communication networks, such as the RAN 104 in Figure 1A

[0049] Figure 1B ​Another exemplary mobile communication network 150 in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented is shown. The mobile communication network 150 may be, for example, a PLMN operated by a network operator. Figure 1B As shown, the mobile communication network 150 includes a 5G core network (5G-CN) 152, an NG-RAN 154, and UEs 156A and 156B (collectively referred to as UE 156). This can be compared with... Figure 1A These components are implemented and operated in the same or similar manner as the corresponding components described.

[0050] 5G-CN 152 provides UE 156 with an interface to one or more DNs, such as public DNs (e.g., the Internet), private DNs, and / or operator-internal DNs. As part of the interface functionality, 5G-CN 152 can establish end-to-end connections between UE 156 and the one or more DNs, authenticate UE 156, and provide charging functions. Compared to the CNs in 3GPP 4G networks, the foundation of 5G-CN 152 can be a service-based architecture. This means that the architecture of the nodes constituting 5G-CN 152 can be defined as network functions that provide services to other network functions via the interface. The network functions of 5G-CN 152 can be implemented in several ways, including as network elements on dedicated or shared hardware, as software instances running on dedicated or shared hardware, or as virtualized functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud-based platform).

[0051] like Figure 1B As shown, 5G-CN 152 includes Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 158A and User Plane Function (UPF) 158B. For ease of explanation, in Figure 1B These are shown as a single component, AMF / UPF 158. UPF 158B can act as a gateway between NG-RAN 154 and the one or more DNs. Functions that UPF 158B can perform include: packet routing and forwarding, packet inspection and user plane policy rule enforcement, service usage reporting, uplink classification supporting the routing of service flows to the one or more DNs, user plane Quality of Service (QoS) processing (e.g., packet filtering, gating, uplink / downlink rate enforcement, and uplink service authentication), downlink packet buffering, and downlink data notification triggering. UPF 158B can act as an anchor point for intra / inter-Radio Access Technology (RAT) mobility, an external Protocol (or Packet) Data Unit (PDU) session point interconnecting with the one or more DNs, and / or a pivot point supporting multihomed PDU sessions. UE 156 can be configured to receive services via a PDU session, which is a logical connection between the UE and the DN.

[0052] The AMF 158A can perform functions such as: Non-Access Layer (NAS) signaling termination, NAS signaling security, Access Layer (AS) security control, inter-CN node signaling for mobility between 3GPP access networks, idle mode UE reachability (e.g., control and execution of paging retransmission), registration area management, intra-system and inter-system mobility support, access authentication, access authorization including roaming rights verification, mobility management control (subscription and policies), network slicing support, and / or Session Management Function (SMF) selection. NAS can refer to functions operating between the CN and the UE, and AS can refer to functions operating between the UE and the RAN.

[0053] 5G-CN 152 may include, for clarity, not listed here. Figure 1B One or more additional network functions are shown in the diagram. For example, 5G-CN 152 may include one or more of the following: Session Management Function (SMF), NR Repository Function (NRF), Policy Control Function (PCF), Network Openness Function (NEF), Unified Data Management (UDM), Application Function (AF), and / or Authentication Server Function (AUSF).

[0054] NG-RAN 154 can connect 5G-CN 152 to UE 156 via radio communication over an air interface. NG-RAN 154 may include: one or more gNBs, such as gNB 160A and gNB 160B (collectively referred to as gNB 160); and / or one or more ng-eNBs, such as ng-eNB 162A and ng-eNB 162B (collectively referred to as ng-eNB 162). gNB 160 and ng-eNB 162 may be more generally referred to as base stations. gNB 160 and ng-eNB 162 may include one or more sets of antennas for communicating with UE 156 over the air interface. For example, one or more gNBs in gNB 160 and / or one or more ng-eNBs in ng-eNB 162 may include three sets of antennas to control three cells (or sectors) respectively. The gNB160 and ng-eNB 162 cells can work together to provide UE 156 with radio coverage over a wide geographical area to support UE mobility.

[0055] like Figure 1BAs shown in FIG. 1, gNBs 160 and / or ng-eNBs 162 can be connected by means of NG interfaces to 5G-CN 152, and by means of Xn interfaces to other base stations. The NG and Xn interfaces can be established using direct physical connections and / or indirect connections over a potential transport network, such as an Internet Protocol (IP) transport network. gNBs 160 and / or ng-eNBs 162 can be connected by means of Uu interfaces to UEs 156. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, gNB 160A can be connected by means of a Uu interface to UE 156A. The NG, Xn, and Uu interfaces are associated with protocol stacks. The protocol stacks associated with the interfaces can be used by the network elements in Figure 1B As shown in FIG. 1, gNBs 160 and / or ng-eNBs 162 can be connected by means of NG interfaces to 5G-CN 152, and by means of Xn interfaces to other base stations. The NG and Xn interfaces can be established using direct physical connections and / or indirect connections over a potential transport network, such as an Internet Protocol (IP) transport network. gNBs 160 and / or ng-eNBs 162 can be connected by means of Uu interfaces to UEs 156. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, gNB 160A can be connected by means of a Uu interface to UE 156A. The NG, Xn, and Uu interfaces are associated with protocol stacks. The protocol stacks associated with the interfaces can be used by the network elements in Figure 1B The network elements in FIG. 1 are configured to exchange data and signaling messages, and can include two planes: a user plane and a control plane. The user plane can handle data of interest to the user. The control plane can handle signaling messages of interest to the network elements.

[0056] gNBs 160 and / or ng-eNBs 162 can be connected by means of one or more NG interfaces to one or more AMF / UPF functions of 5G-CN 152, such as AMF / UPF 158. For example, gNB 160A can be connected by means of an NG user plane (NG-U) interface to UPF 158B of AMF / UPF 158. The NG-U interface can provide delivery (e.g., non-guaranteed delivery) of user plane PDUs between gNB 160A and UPF 158B. gNB 160A can be connected by means of an NG control plane (NG-C) interface to AMF 158A. The NG-C interface can provide, for example, NG interface management, UE context management, UE mobility management, transfer of NAS messages, paging, PDU session management, and configuration transfer and / or warning message transmission.

[0057] gNBs 160 can provide NR user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards UEs 156 over the Uu interface. For example, gNB 160A can provide NR user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards UE 156A over a Uu interface associated with a first protocol stack. ng-eNBs 162 can provide Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards UEs 156 over the Uu interface, where E-UTRA refers to a 3GPP 4G radio access technology. For example, ng-eNB 162B can provide E-UTRA user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards UE 156B over a Uu interface associated with a second protocol stack.

[0058] 5G-CN 152 is described as being configured to handle NR and 4G radio access. Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that it is possible for NR to connect to a 4G core network in a mode referred to as “non-standalone operation.” In non-standalone operation, the 4G core network is used to provide (or at least support) control plane functionality (e.g., initial access, mobility, and paging). Although Figure 1B Only one AMF / UPF 158 is shown in FIG. 1, but one gNB or ng-eNB can be connected to multiple AMF / UPF nodes to provide redundancy and / or load sharing across the multiple AMF / UPF nodes.

[0059] As discussed, Figure 1B Interfaces between network elements in FIG. 1 (e.g., Uu, Xn, and NG interfaces) can be associated with protocol stacks that the network elements use to exchange data and signaling messages. The protocol stacks can include two planes: a user plane and a control plane. The user plane can handle data of interest to users, while the control plane can handle signaling messages of interest to the network elements.

[0060] Figure 2A FIGS. 2 and 3 show examples of NR user plane and NR control plane protocol stacks, respectively, for a Uu interface between a UE 210 and a gNB 220. Figure 2B FIGS. 2 and 3 show examples of NR user plane and NR control plane protocol stacks, respectively, for a Uu interface between a UE 210 and a gNB 220. Figure 2A FIGS. 2 and 3 show examples of NR user plane and NR control plane protocol stacks, respectively, for a Uu interface between a UE 210 and a gNB 220. Figure 2B The protocol stacks shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 can be the same as or similar to those for a Uu interface between a UE 156A and a gNB 160A shown in FIG. 1. Figure 1B The protocol stacks shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 can be the same as or similar to those for a Uu interface between a UE 156A and a gNB 160A shown in FIG. 1.

[0061] Figure 2A FIG. 2 shows an NR user plane protocol stack that includes five layers implemented in the UE 210 and the gNB 220. At the bottom of the protocol stack, the physical layer (PHY) 211 and 221 can provide transport services to higher layers of the protocol stack and can correspond to layer 1 of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. The next four protocols above the PHY 211 and 221 include the medium access control layer (MAC) 212 and 222, the radio link control layer (RLC) 213 and 223, the packet data convergence protocol layer (PDCP) 214 and 224, and the service data application protocol layer (SDAP) 215 and 225. Together, these four protocols can make up layer 2 or the data link layer of the OSI model.

[0062] Figure 3 FIG. 2 shows an NR user plane protocol stack that includes five layers implemented in the UE 210 and the gNB 220. At the bottom of the protocol stack, the physical layer (PHY) 211 and 221 can provide transport services to higher layers of the protocol stack and can correspond to layer 1 of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. The next four protocols above the PHY 211 and 221 include the medium access control layer (MAC) 212 and 222, the radio link control layer (RLC) 213 and 223, the packet data convergence protocol layer (PDCP) 214 and 224, and the service data application protocol layer (SDAP) 215 and 225. Together, these four protocols can make up layer 2 or the data link layer of the OSI model. Figure 2A FIG. 2 shows an NR user plane protocol stack that includes five layers implemented in the UE 210 and the gNB 220. At the bottom of the protocol stack, the physical layer (PHY) 211 and 221 can provide transport services to higher layers of the protocol stack and can correspond to layer 1 of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. The next four protocols above the PHY 211 and 221 include the medium access control layer (MAC) 212 and 222, the radio link control layer (RLC) 213 and 223, the packet data convergence protocol layer (PDCP) 214 and 224, and the service data application protocol layer (SDAP) 215 and 225. Together, these four protocols can make up layer 2 or the data link layer of the OSI model. Figure 3At the top, SDAPs 215 and 225 can perform QoS flow handling. UE 210 can receive services through a PDU session, which can be a logical connection between UE 210 and a DN. A PDU session can have one or more QoS flows. A UPF of the CN (e.g., UPF 158B) can map IP packets to the one or more QoS flows of a PDU session based on QoS requirements (e.g., in terms of delay, data rate, and / or error rate). SDAPs 215 and 225 can perform mapping / de-mapping between the one or more QoS flows and one or more data radio bearers. The mapping / de-mapping between QoS flows and data radio bearers can be determined by SDAP 225 at gNB 220. SDAP 215 at UE 210 can learn the mapping between QoS flows and data radio bearers through reflective mapping or control signaling received from gNB 220. For reflective mapping, SDAP 225 at gNB 220 can mark downlink packets with a QoS flow indicator (QFI), which can be observed by SDAP 215 at UE 210 to determine the mapping / de-mapping between QoS flows and data radio bearers.

[0063] PDCPs 214 and 224 can perform header compression / decompression to reduce the amount of data that needs to be transmitted over the air interface, can perform ciphering / deciphering to prevent unauthorized decoding of data transmitted over the air interface, and can perform integrity protection to ensure that control messages originate from an intended source. PDCPs 214 and 224 can perform retransmission of undelivered packets, in-order delivery and reordering of packets, and removal of packets that are received in duplicate due to, for example, intra-gNB handover. PDCPs 214 and 224 can perform packet duplication to improve the likelihood that a packet is received, and remove any duplicate packets at the receiver. Packet duplication can be applicable to services that require high reliability.

[0064] Although Figure 3 Although not shown in FIG. 2, PDCPs 214 and 224 can perform mapping / de-mapping between split radio bearers and RLC channels in a dual connectivity scenario. Dual connectivity is a technique that allows a UE to connect to two cells or, more generally, to two cell groups: a master cell group (MCG) and a secondary cell group (SCG). A split bearer is a split bearer when a single radio bearer, such as one of the radio bearers provided by PDCPs 214 and 224 as a service to SDAPs 215 and 225, is handled by cell groups in dual connectivity. PDCPs 214 and 224 can map / de-map split radio bearers between RLC channels that belong to cell groups.

[0065] The RLCs 213 and 223 can perform segmentation, retransmission by automatic repeat request (ARQ), and removal of duplicate data units received from the MACs 212 and 222, respectively. The RLCs 213 and 223 can support three transmission modes: transparent mode (TM); unacknowledged mode (UM); and acknowledged mode (AM). Depending on the transmission mode the RLC is operating, the RLC can perform one or more of the functions. The RLC configuration can be per logical channel, independent of numerologies and / or transmission time interval (TTI) durations. As Figure 3 shown in FIG. 3, the RLCs 213 and 223 can provide RLC channels as a service to the PDCPs 214 and 224, respectively.

[0066] The MACs 212 and 222 can perform multiplexing / demultiplexing of logical channels and / or mapping between logical channels and transport channels. Multiplexing / demultiplexing can include multiplexing / demultiplexing of data units belonging to one or more logical channels into / from transport blocks (TB) delivered to / from the PHYs 211 and 221. The MAC 222 can be configured to perform scheduling, scheduling information reporting, and priority handling between UEs by means of dynamic scheduling. Scheduling can be performed in the gNB 220 (at the MAC 222) for downlink and uplink. The MACs 212 and 222 can be configured to perform error correction through hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) (e.g., one HARQ entity per carrier in case of carrier aggregation (CA)), priority handling between logical channels of the UE 210 by means of logical channel prioritization, and / or padding. The MACs 212 and 222 can support one or more numerologies and / or transmission timings. In an example, mapping restrictions in the logical channel prioritization can control which numerology and / or transmission timing a logical channel can use. As Figure 3 shown in FIG. 3, the MACs 212 and 222 can provide logical channels as a service to the RLCs 213 and 223, respectively.

[0067] The PHYs 211 and 221 can perform mapping of transport channels to physical channels and of bitmaps to resource elements, as well as the digital and analog signal processing functions necessary for transmission and reception of information over the air interface. These digital and analog signal processing functions can include, for example, coding / decoding and modulation / demodulation. The PHYs 211 and 221 can perform multi-antenna mapping. As Figure 3 shown in FIG. 3, the PHYs 211 and 221 can provide one or more transport channels as a service to the MACs 212 and 222, respectively.

[0068] Figure 4A An exemplary downlink data flow through the NR user plane protocol stack is shown. Figure 4AA downlink data flow is shown that flows through the NR user plane protocol stack to generate two TBs at the gNB 220 from three IP packets (n, n+1, and m). An uplink data flow through the NR user plane protocol stack can be similar to Figure 4A the downlink data flow depicted in

[0069] Figure 4A The downlink data flow begins when the SDAP 225 receives the three IP packets from one or more QoS flows and maps the three packets to radio bearers. In Figure 4A , the SDAP 225 maps IP packets n and n+1 to a first radio bearer 402 and maps IP packet m to a second radio bearer 404. SDAP headers (labeled with “H” in Figure 4A ) are added to the IP packets. Data units from / to higher protocol layers are referred to as service data units (SDUs) of the lower protocol layer, and data units to / from the lower protocol layer are referred to as protocol data units (PDUs) of the higher protocol layer. As shown in Figure 4A , the data units from the SDAP 225 are SDUs of the lower protocol layer PDCP 224 and are PDUs of the SDAP 225.

[0070] Figure 4A The remaining protocol layers in Figure 3 may perform their associated functions (e.g., as described with respect to Figure 4A ), add corresponding headers, and forward their respective outputs to the next lower layer. For example, the PDCP 224 can perform IP header compression and encryption and forward its output to the RLC 223. The RLC 223 can optionally perform segmentation (e.g., as shown with respect to IP packet m in Figure 4A ) and forward its output to the MAC 222. The MAC 222 can multiplex many RLC PDUs and can attach a MAC subheader to the RLC PDUs to form a transport block. In NR, the MAC subheader can be distributed throughout the MAC PDU, as shown in

[0071] Figure 4BAn exemplary format of a MAC subheader in a MAC PDU is shown. The MAC subheader includes: an SDU length field to indicate the length (e.g., in bytes) of the MAC SDU to which the MAC subheader corresponds; a logical channel identifier (LCID) field to identify the logical channel from which the MAC SDU originates to assist the process of demultiplexing; a flag (F) to indicate the size of the SDU length field; and a reserved bit (R) field for future use.

[0072] Figure 4B A MAC control element (CE) inserted by a MAC (such as MAC 223 or MAC 222) into a MAC PDU is further shown. For example, Figure 4B Two MAC CEs inserted into a MAC PDU are shown. The MAC CEs can be inserted at the beginning of a MAC PDU for downlink transmission (as shown in Figure 4B The MAC CEs can be inserted at the end of a MAC PDU for uplink transmission. The MAC CEs can be used for in-band control signaling. Exemplary MAC CEs include: scheduling related MAC CEs, such as buffer status report and power headroom report; activation / deactivation MAC CEs, such as those for PDCP duplication detection, channel state information (CSI) reporting, sounding reference signal (SRS) transmission, and activation / deactivation of previously configured components; discontinuous reception (DRX) related MAC CEs; timing advance MAC CEs; and random access related MAC CEs. There can be a MAC subheader with a similar format as described with respect to MAC SDUs before the MAC CEs, and the MAC CEs can be identified with a reserved value in the LCID field to indicate the type of control information included in the MAC CEs.

[0073] Before describing the NR control plane protocol stack, first describe the logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels and the mapping between the channel types. One or more of these channels can be used to perform functions associated with the NR control plane protocol stack described later.

[0074] Figure 5A and Figure 5BThe mapping between logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels is shown separately for the downlink and uplink. Information transfer takes place through channels between RLC, MAC, and PHY of the NR protocol stack. Logical channels can be used between RLC and MAC and can be classified into Control Channels, which carry control and configuration information in the NR control plane, or Traffic Channels, which carry data in the NR user plane. Logical channels can be classified as Dedicated, which are specific to a certain UE, or Common, which can be used by more than one UE. Logical channels can also be defined by the type of information they carry. The set of logical channels defined by NR includes, for example:

[0075] - Paging Control Channel (PCCH), which is used to carry paging messages for paging UEs whose location is not known by the network on a cell level;

[0076] - Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH), which is used to carry system information messages in the form of a Master Information Block (MIB) and several System Information Blocks (SIBs), where the system information messages can be used by UEs to obtain information about how the cell is configured and how to operate within the cell;

[0077] - Common Control Channel (CCCH), which is used to carry control messages and random access;

[0078] - Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH), which is used to carry control messages to / from specific UEs to configure the UEs; and

[0079] - Dedicated Traffic Channel (DTCH), which is used to carry user data to / from specific UEs.

[0080] Transport channels are used between the MAC layer and the PHY layer and can be defined by how the information they carry is transmitted over the air interface. The set of transport channels defined by NR includes, for example:

[0081] - Paging Channel (PCH), which is used to carry paging messages originating from the PCCH;

[0082] - Broadcast Channel (BCH), which is used to carry the MIB from the BCCH;

[0083] - Downlink Shared Channel (DL-SCH), which is used to carry downlink data and signaling messages, including SIBs from the BCCH;

[0084] - Uplink Shared Channel (UL-SCH), which is used to carry uplink data and signaling messages; and

[0085] - Random Access Channel (RACH), which is used to allow a UE to contact the network without any prior scheduling.

[0086] The PHY can use physical channels to pass information between the processing stages of the PHY. A physical channel can have a set of associated time-frequency resources for carrying the information of one or several transport channels. The PHY can generate control information to support low-level operations of the PHY and provide the control information to lower levels of the PHY via physical control channels, referred to as L1 / L2 control channels. The set of physical channels and physical control channels defined by NR include, for example:

[0087] - Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), which is used to carry the MIB from the BCH;

[0088] - Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), which is used to carry downlink data and signaling messages from the DL-SCH and paging messages from the PCH;

[0089] - Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), which is used to carry downlink control information (DCI) that can include downlink scheduling commands, uplink scheduling grants, and uplink power control commands;

[0090] - Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), which is used to carry uplink data and signaling messages from the UL-SCH and, in some cases, uplink control information (UCI) as described below;

[0091] - Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), which is used to carry UCI that can include HARQ acknowledgements, channel quality indicators (CQIs), precoding matrix indicators (PMIs), rank indicators (RIs), and scheduling requests (SRs); and

[0092] - Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), which is used for random access.

[0093] Similar to physical control channels, the physical layer generates physical signals to support low-level operations of the physical layer. As Figure 5A and Figure 5B illustrate, the physical layer signals defined by NR include: primary synchronization signal (PSS), secondary synchronization signal (SSS), channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), demodulation reference signal (DMRS), sounding reference signal (SRS), and phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS). These physical layer signals are described in more detail below.

[0094] Figure 2B An exemplary NR control plane protocol stack is shown. As Figure 2B As shown in FIG. 2, the NR control plane protocol stack can use the same / similar first four protocol layers as the example NR user plane protocol stack. The four protocol layers include PHYs 211 and 221, MACs 212 and 222, RLCs 213 and 223, and PDCPs 214 and 224. Rather than having SDAPs 215 and 225 at the top of the stack as in the NR user plane protocol stack, the NR control plane protocol stack has radio resource control (RRC) 216 and 226 and NAS protocols 217 and 237 at the top of the NR control plane protocol stack.

[0095] The NAS protocols 217 and 237 can provide control plane functionality between the UE 210 and the AMF 230 (e.g., the AMF 158A) or, more generally, between the UE 210 and the CN. The NAS protocols 217 and 237 can provide control plane functionality between the UE 210 and the AMF 230 via signaling messages referred to as NAS messages. There is no direct path between the UE 210 and the AMF 230 through which NAS messages can pass. The NAS messages can be transported using the AS of the Uu and NG interfaces. The NAS protocols 217 and 237 can provide control plane functionality such as authentication, security, connection setup, mobility management, and session management.

[0096] The RRCs 216 and 226 can provide control plane functionality between the UE 210 and the gNB 220 or, more generally, between the UE 210 and the RAN. The RRCs 216 and 226 can provide control plane functionality between the UE 210 and the gNB 220 via signaling messages referred to as RRC messages. The RRC messages can be transported between the UE 210 and the RAN using signaling radio bearers and the same / similar PDCP, RLC, MAC, and PHY protocol layers. The MAC can multiplex control plane and user plane data into the same transport block (TB). The RRCs 216 and 226 can provide control plane functionality such as: broadcast of system information related to AS and NAS; paging initiated by the CN or RAN; establishment, maintenance, and release of an RRC connection between the UE 210 and the RAN; security functions including key management; establishment, reconfiguration, and release of signaling radio bearers and data radio bearers; mobility functions; QoS management functions; UE measurement reporting and control of the reporting; detection of and recovery from radio link failure (RLF); and / or NAS message transfer. As part of establishing an RRC connection, the RRCs 216 and 226 can establish an RRC context, which can involve configuring parameters for communication between the UE 210 and the RAN.

[0097] Figure 6is an example diagram illustrating RRC state transitions of a UE. The UE can be the same as or similar to the wireless device 106, Figure 1A the UE 210 depicted in FIGS. Figure 2A and Figure 2B depicted in the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. Figure 6 The UE can be in at least one of three RRC states: RRC connected 602 (e.g., RRC CONNECTED), RRC idle 604 (e.g., RRC IDLE), and RRC inactive 606 (e.g., RRC INACTIVE).

[0098] In RRC connected 602, the UE has an established RRC context and can have at least one RRC connection with a base station. The base station can be similar to one of: Figure 1A the one or more base stations included in the RAN 104 depicted in FIG. Figure 1B one of the gNBs 160 or ng-eNBs 162 depicted in FIG. Figure 2A and Figure 2B the gNB 220 depicted in FIG. Any other base station described in the present disclosure. The base station connected with the UE can have an RRC context for the UE. The RRC context, referred to as the UE context, can include parameters for communication between the UE and the base station. These parameters can include, for example: one or more AS contexts; one or more radio link configuration parameters; bearer configuration information (e.g., related to data radio bearers, signaling radio bearers, logical channels, QoS flows, and / or PDU sessions); security information; and / or PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, and / or SDAP layer configuration information. While in RRC connected 602, mobility of the UE can be managed by the RAN (e.g., the RAN 104 or the NG-RAN 154). The UE can measure signal levels (e.g., reference signal levels) from a serving cell and neighboring cells and report these measurements to the base station currently serving the UE. The UE’s serving base station can request a handover to a cell of one of the neighboring base stations based on the reported measurements. The RRC state can transition from RRC connected 602 to RRC idle 604 through a connection release procedure 608, or to RRC inactive 606 through a connection inactivation procedure 610.

[0099] In RRC idle 604, an RRC context may not have been established for the UE. In RRC idle 604, the UE may not have an RRC connection with the base station. When in RRC idle 604, the UE may be in sleep mode most of the time (e.g., to conserve battery power). The UE may wake up periodically (e.g., once in each discontinuous reception cycle) to monitor paging messages from the RAN. The UE's mobility can be managed by the UE through a procedure called cell reselection. The RRC state can be transitioned from RRC idle 604 to RRC connected 602 through connection establishment procedure 612, which may involve a random access procedure, as discussed in more detail below.

[0100] In RRC inactivity 606, the previously established RRC context is maintained in both the UE and the base station. This allows for a faster transition to RRC connection 602 with reduced signaling overhead compared to the transition from RRC idle 604 to RRC connected 602. While in RRC inactivity 606, the UE can be in a sleep state, and the UE's mobility can be managed by the UE via cell reselection. The RRC state can transition from RRC inactivity 606 to RRC connected 602 via connection resumption procedure 614, or to RRC idle 604 via connection release procedure 616, which can be the same as or similar to connection release procedure 608.

[0101] RRC states can be associated with mobility management mechanisms. In RRC Idle 604 and RRC Inactive 606, mobility is managed by the UE through cell reselection. The purpose of mobility management in RRC Idle 604 and RRC Inactive 606 is to allow the network to notify the UE of events via paging messages without having to broadcast paging messages across the entire mobile network. The mobility management mechanisms used in RRC Idle 604 and RRC Inactive 606 allow the network to track the UE at the cell group level, so that paging messages can be broadcast on the cells in the cell group where the UE is currently camped, rather than across the entire mobile network. Mobility management mechanisms used in RRC Idle 604 and RRC Inactive 606 track the UE at the cell group level. These mobility management mechanisms can do this using groupings of different granularities. For example, there can be three levels of cell grouping granularity: a single cell; cells within a RAN area identified by a RAN Area Identifier (RAI); and cells within a group of RAN areas called tracking areas and identified by a Tracking Area Identifier (TAI).

[0102] A tracking area can be used to track a UE at a CN level. A CN (e.g., CN 102 or 5G-CN 152) can provide a UE with a list of TAIs associated with a UE registration area. If the UE moves through cell reselection to a cell associated with a TAI that is not included in the list of TAIs associated with the UE registration area, the UE can perform a registration update with the CN to allow the CN to update the location of the UE and provide the UE with a new UE registration area.

[0103] A RAN area can be used to track a UE at a RAN level. For a UE in an RRC inactive 606 state, the UE can be assigned a RAN notification area. A RAN notification area can include one or more cell identities, a list of RAIs, or a list of TAIs. In an example, a base station can belong to one or more RAN notification areas. In an example, a cell can belong to one or more RAN notification areas. If the UE moves through cell reselection to a cell not included in a RAN notification area assigned to the UE, the UE can perform a notification area update with the RAN to update the RAN notification area of the UE.

[0104] A last serving base station of a base station or a UE that stores an RRC context for the UE can be referred to as an anchor base station. The anchor base station can maintain an RRC context for a UE at least for a period of time that the UE remains in a RAN notification area of the anchor base station and / or for a period of time that the UE remains in an RRC inactive 606 state.

[0105] A gNB, such as the gNB 160 in FIG. 1, can be split into two parts: a central unit (gNB-CU) and one or more distributed units (gNB-DUs). The gNB-CU can be coupled to the one or more gNB-DUs using an FI interface. The gNB-CU can include RRC, PDCP, and SDAP. The gNB-DUs can include RLC, MAC, and PHY. Figure 1B

[0106] In NR, physical signals and physical channels (about Figure 5A and Figure 5B ​The data discussed can be mapped onto orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. OFDM is a multi-carrier communication scheme that transmits data over F orthogonal subcarriers (or tones). Prior to transmission, the data can be mapped to a series of complex symbols (e.g., M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) symbols or M-phase shift keying (M-PSK) symbols), referred to as source symbols, and split into F parallel symbol streams. The F parallel symbol streams can be treated as if they are in the frequency domain and used as inputs to an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) block that transforms them into the time domain. The IFFT block can take F source symbols at a time (one from each of the F parallel symbol streams) and use each source symbol to modulate the amplitude and phase of one of F sinusoidal basis functions corresponding to the F orthogonal subcarriers. The output of the IFFT block can be F time-domain samples representing the sum of the F orthogonal subcarriers. The F time-domain samples can form a single OFDM symbol. After some processing (e.g., addition of a cyclic prefix) and up-conversion, the OFDM symbol provided by the IFFT block can be transmitted over the air interface at a carrier frequency. The F parallel symbol streams can be mixed using an FFT block prior to being processed by the IFFT block. The operation produces a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) precoded OFDM symbol and can be used by the UE in the uplink to reduce the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). The inverse processing can be performed on the OFDM symbol at the receiver using an FFT block to recover the data mapped to the source symbols.

[0107] Figure 7 An example configuration of an NR frame into which OFDM symbols are grouped is shown. An NR frame can be identified by a system frame number (SFN). The SFN can repeat for a period of 1024 frames. As shown, the duration of one NR frame can be 10 milliseconds (ms) and can include 10 subframes of 1 ms duration. The subframes can be divided into slots including, for example, 14 OFDM symbols per slot.

[0108] The duration of a time slot can depend on the parameter set of the OFDM symbols used for that time slot. In NR, flexible parameter sets are supported to accommodate different cell deployments (e.g., cells with carrier frequencies below 1 GHz, up to cells with carrier frequencies in the mmWave range). Parameter sets can be defined in terms of subcarrier spacing and cyclic prefix duration. For parameter sets in NR, the subcarrier spacing can be scaled up from a baseline subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz by powers of two, and the cyclic prefix duration can be scaled down from a baseline cyclic prefix duration of 4.7 μs by powers of two. For example, NR defines parameter sets with the following combinations of subcarrier spacing / cyclic prefix duration: 15 kHz / 4.7 μs; 30 kHz / 2.3 μs; 60 kHz / 1.2 μs; 120 kHz / 0.59 μs; and 240 kHz / 0.29 μs.

[0109] A time slot can have a fixed number of OFDM symbols (e.g., 14 OFDM symbols). A parameter set with a higher subcarrier spacing has a shorter time slot duration and correspondingly more time slots per subframe. Figure 7 This illustrates the transmission structure of the time slot duration and per subframe time slot related to the parameter set (for ease of explanation). Figure 7 (The parameter set with a subcarrier spacing of 240 kHz is not shown in the diagram). Subframes in NR can be used as a time reference independent of the parameter set, while time slots can be used as units for scheduling uplink and downlink transmissions. To support low latency, scheduling in NR can be separated from the time slot duration and begin at any OFDM symbol, continuing to transmit as many symbols as needed. These partial time slot transmissions can be referred to as micro-time slots or sub-time slot transmissions.

[0110] Figure 8 An exemplary configuration of time slots in the time-frequency domain of an NR carrier is shown. The time slots include resource elements (REs) and resource blocks (RBs). An RE is the smallest physical resource in NR. An RE spans one OFDM symbol in the time domain via a subcarrier in the frequency domain, such as... Figure 8 As shown. RB spans twelve consecutive REs in the frequency domain, as... Figure 8 As shown. NR carriers can be limited to a width of 275RB or 275×12=3300 subcarriers. If this limitation is used, the NR carriers can be limited to 50MHz, 100MHz, 200MHz, and 400MHz for subcarrier spacing of 15kHz, 30kHz, 60kHz, and 120kHz, respectively, where the 400MHz bandwidth can be set based on the limitation of 400MHz bandwidth per carrier.

[0111] Figure 8A single numerology is shown that is used across the entire bandwidth of the NR carrier. In other example configurations, multiple numerologies can be supported on the same carrier.

[0112] NR can support wide carrier bandwidths (e.g., up to 400 MHz for a subcarrier spacing of 120 kHz). Not all UEs can be able to receive the full carrier bandwidth (e.g., due to hardware limitations). Also, receiving the full carrier bandwidth can be prohibitive in terms of UE power consumption. In an example, to reduce power consumption and / or for other purposes, a UE can adapt the size of the UE’s receive bandwidth based on the amount of traffic the UE plans to receive. This is referred to as bandwidth adaptation.

[0113] NR defines bandwidth parts (BWPs) to support UEs that are not able to receive the full carrier bandwidth and to support bandwidth adaptation. In an example, a BWP can be defined by a subset of contiguous RBs on a carrier. A UE can be configured (e.g., via an RRC layer) with one or more downlink BWPs and one or more uplink BWPs per serving cell (e.g., up to four downlink BWPs and up to four uplink BWPs per serving cell). At a given time, one or more of the configured BWPs for a serving cell can be active. The one or more BWPs can be referred to as active BWPs of the serving cell. When a serving cell is configured with a secondary uplink carrier, the serving cell can have one or more first active BWPs in the uplink carrier and one or more second active BWPs in the secondary uplink carrier.

[0114] For unpaired spectrum, a downlink BWP from a set of configured downlink BWPs can be linked with an uplink BWP from a set of configured uplink BWPs if the downlink BWP index of the downlink BWP is the same as the uplink BWP index of the uplink BWP. For unpaired spectrum, a UE can expect the center frequency of a downlink BWP to be the same as the center frequency of an uplink BWP.

[0115] For a downlink BWP in a set of configured downlink BWPs on a primary cell (PCell), a base station can configure a UE with one or more control resource sets (CORESETs) for at least one search space. A search space is a set of locations in the time-frequency domain where a UE can look for control information. A search space can be a UE-specific search space or a common search space (possibly usable by multiple UEs). For example, a base station can configure a UE with a common search space on a PCell or a primary secondary cell (PSCell) in an active downlink BWP.

[0116] For an uplink BWP in a set of configured uplink BWPs, a BS can configure a UE with one or more resource sets for one or more PUCCH transmissions. A UE can receive a downlink reception (e.g., PDCCH or PDSCH) in a downlink BWP according to a configured numerology (e.g., subcarrier spacing and cyclic prefix duration) for the downlink BWP. A UE can transmit an uplink transmission (e.g., PUCCH or PUSCH) in an uplink BWP according to a configured numerology (e.g., subcarrier spacing and cyclic prefix length) for the uplink BWP.

[0117] One or more BWP indicator fields can be provided in downlink control information (DCI). A value of a BWP indicator field can indicate which BWP in a set of configured BWPs is an active downlink BWP for one or more downlink receptions. Values of the one or more BWP indicator fields can indicate an active uplink BWP for one or more uplink transmissions.

[0118] A base station can semi-statically configure a default downlink BWP for a UE within a set of configured downlink BWPs associated with a PCell. If the base station does not provide a default downlink BWP for the UE, the default downlink BWP can be an initial active downlink BWP. A UE can determine which BWP is the initial active downlink BWP based on a CORESET configuration obtained using PBCH.

[0119] A base station can configure a UE with a BWP inactivity timer value for a PCell. A UE can start or restart the BWP inactivity timer at any appropriate time. For example, a UE can start or restart the BWP inactivity timer when the UE detects a DCI indicating an active downlink BWP other than a default downlink BWP for a paired spectrum operation or when the UE detects a DCI indicating an active downlink BWP or an active uplink BWP other than a default downlink BWP or an uplink BWP for an unpaired spectrum operation. If the UE does not detect a DCI within a time interval (e.g., 1 ms or 0.5 ms), the UE can run the BWP inactivity timer towards expiration (e.g., increment from zero to the BWP inactivity timer value, or decrement from the BWP inactivity timer value to zero). When the BWP inactivity timer expires, the UE can switch from the active downlink BWP to the default downlink BWP.

[0120] In an example, a base station can semi-statically configure a UE with one or more BWPs. The UE can switch the active BWP from a first BWP to a second BWP in response to receiving a DCI indicating the second BWP as the active BWP and / or in response to an expiration of a BWP inactivity timer (e.g., in a case where the second BWP is a default BWP).

[0121] Downlink and uplink BWP switching (where BWP switching refers to switching from a current active BWP to a non-current active BWP) can be performed independently in a paired spectrum. In an unpaired spectrum, downlink and uplink BWP switching can be performed simultaneously. Switching between configured BWPs can occur based on RRC signaling, DCI, expiration of a BWP inactivity timer, and / or initiation of random access.

[0122] Figure 9 An example of bandwidth adaptation using three configured BWPs of an NR carrier is shown. A UE configured with the three BWPs can switch from one BWP to another BWP at a switching point. In Figure 9 In the example shown in FIG. 9, the BWPs include: BWP 902 with a bandwidth of 40 MHz and a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz; BWP 904 with a bandwidth of 10 MHz and a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz; and BWP 906 with a bandwidth of 20 MHz and a subcarrier spacing of 60 kHz. BWP 902 can be an initial active BWP, and BWP 904 can be a default BWP. The UE can switch between the BWPs at a switching point. In Figure 9 In the example of FIG. 9, the UE can switch from BWP 902 to BWP 904 at switching point 908. The switch at switching point 908 can occur for any suitable reason, such as in response to an expiration of a BWP inactivity timer (indicating a switch to the default BWP) and / or in response to receiving a DCI indicating BWP 904 as the active BWP. The UE can switch from active BWP 904 to BWP 906 at switching point 910 in response to receiving a DCI indicating BWP 906 as the active BWP. The UE can switch from active BWP 906 to BWP 904 at switching point 912 in response to an expiration of a BWP inactivity timer and / or in response to receiving a DCI indicating BWP 904 as the active BWP. The UE can switch from active BWP 904 to BWP 902 at switching point 914 in response to receiving a DCI indicating BWP 902 as the active BWP.

[0123] If a UE is configured for a secondary cell with a default downlink BWP and a timer value in a set of configured downlink BWPs, the UE procedures for switching BWP on a secondary cell can be the same / similar to those on a primary cell. For example, the UE can use the timer value and default downlink BWP for the secondary cell in the same / similar way that the UE would use those values for a primary cell.

[0124] To provide higher data rates, two or more carriers can be aggregated and transmitted to / from the same UE simultaneously using carrier aggregation (CA). The aggregated carriers in CA can be referred to as component carriers (CCs). When using CA, there are many serving cells for a UE, one serving cell per CC. A CC can have three configurations in the frequency domain.

[0125] Figure 10A Three CA configurations with two CCs are shown. In an intra-band contiguous configuration 1002, the two CCs are aggregated in the same frequency band (band A) and positioned directly adjacent to each other within the band. In an intra-band non-contiguous configuration 1004, the two CCs are aggregated in the same frequency band (band A) and separated by a gap in the band. In an inter-band configuration 1006, the two CCs are in different frequency bands (band A and band B).

[0126] In an example, up to 32 CCs can be aggregated. The aggregated CCs can have the same or different bandwidth, subcarrier spacing, and / or duplexing scheme (TDD or FDD). A serving cell for a UE using CA can have downlink CCs. For FDD, one or more uplink CCs can optionally be configured for a serving cell. The ability to aggregate more downlink carriers than uplink carriers can be useful, for example, when a UE has more data traffic in the downlink than in the uplink.

[0127] When using CA, one of the aggregated cells for a UE can be referred to as the primary cell (PCell). The PCell can be the serving cell to which the UE initially connects at RRC connection setup, re-establishment, and / or handover. The PCell can provide NAS mobility information and security input to the UE. A UE can have different PCells. In the downlink, the carrier corresponding to the PCell can be referred to as the downlink primary CC (DL PCC). In the uplink, the carrier corresponding to the PCell can be referred to as the uplink primary CC (UL PCC). Other aggregated cells for a UE can be referred to as secondary cells (SCells). In an example, an SCell can be configured after the PCell is configured for a UE. For example, an SCell can be configured through an RRC connection reconfiguration procedure. In the downlink, the carrier corresponding to an SCell can be referred to as a downlink secondary CC (DL SCC). In the uplink, the carrier corresponding to an SCell can be referred to as an uplink secondary CC (UL SCC).

[0128] Configured SCells for a UE can be activated and deactivated based on, for example, traffic and channel conditions. Deactivation of an SCell can mean stopping PDCCH and PDSCH reception on the SCell, and stopping PUSCH, SRS, and CQI transmission on the SCell. Configured SCells can be activated and deactivated using a MAC CE for SCell Activation / Deactivation. Figure 4B For example, a MAC CE can indicate which SCells for a UE (e.g., in a subset of configured SCells) are activated or deactivated using a bitmap (e.g., one bit per SCell). Configured SCells can be deactivated in response to expiration of an SCell deactivation timer (e.g., one SCell deactivation timer per SCell).

[0129] Downlink control information for a cell, such as scheduling assignments and scheduling grants, can be transmitted on the cell corresponding to the assignment and grant, which is referred to as self-scheduling. DCI for a cell can be transmitted on another cell, which is referred to as cross-carrier scheduling. Uplink control information for aggregated cells (e.g., HARQ acknowledgements and channel state feedback, such as CQI, PMI, and / or RI) can be transmitted on the PCell’s PUCCH. For a large number of aggregated downlink CCs, the PCell’s PUCCH can become overloaded. Cells can be grouped into multiple PUCCH groups.

[0130] Figure 10B Examples of how aggregated cells can be configured into one or more PUCCH groups are shown. PUCCH group 1010 and PUCCH group 1050 can each include one or more downlink CCs. In an example, PUCCH group 1010 can include PCell 1012 and SCell 1014. In an example, PUCCH group 1050 can include PCell 1052 and SCell 1054. Figure 10B In the example of PUCCH group 1010, the PUCCH group 1010 includes three downlink CCs: PCell 1011, SCell 1012, and SCell 1013. PUCCH group 1050 includes, in this example, three downlink CCs: PCell 1051, SCell 1052, and SCell 1053. One or more uplink CCs can be configured as PCell 1021, SCell 1022, and SCell 1023. One or more other uplink CCs can be configured as primary Scell (PSCell) 1061, SCell 1062, and SCell 1063. Uplink control information (UCI) related to the downlink CCs of PUCCH group 1010 (shown as UCI 1031, UCI 1032, and UCI 1033) can be transmitted in the uplink of PCell 1021. Uplink control information (UCI) related to the downlink CCs of PUCCH group 1050 (shown as UCI 1071, UCI 1072, and UCI 1073) can be transmitted in the uplink of PSCell 1061. In an example, if the aggregated cells depicted in FIG. 10 were not divided into PUCCH group 1010 and PUCCH group 1050, a single uplink PCell would transmit UCI related to the downlink CCs, and the PCell can become overloaded. By dividing the transmission of UCI between PCell 1021 and PSCell 1061, overloading can be prevented. Figure 10B In the example of PUCCH group 1010, the PUCCH group 1010 includes three downlink CCs: PCell 1011, SCell 1012, and SCell 1013. PUCCH group 1050 includes, in this example, three downlink CCs: PCell 1051, SCell 1052, and SCell 1053. One or more uplink CCs can be configured as PCell 1021, SCell 1022, and SCell 1023. One or more other uplink CCs can be configured as primary Scell (PSCell) 1061, SCell 1062, and SCell 1063. Uplink control information (UCI) related to the downlink CCs of PUCCH group 1010 (shown as UCI 1031, UCI 1032, and UCI 1033) can be transmitted in the uplink of PCell 1021. Uplink control information (UCI) related to the downlink CCs of PUCCH group 1050 (shown as UCI 1071, UCI 1072, and UCI 1073) can be transmitted in the uplink of PSCell 1061. In an example, if the aggregated cells depicted in FIG. 10 were not divided into PUCCH group 1010 and PUCCH group 1050, a single uplink PCell would transmit UCI related to the downlink CCs, and the PCell can become overloaded. By dividing the transmission of UCI between PCell 1021 and PSCell 1061, overloading can be prevented.

[0131] A physical cell ID and a cell index can be assigned for a cell that includes a downlink carrier and optional uplink carriers. The physical cell ID or cell index can identify the downlink carrier and / or uplink carriers of a cell, depending on the context in which the physical cell ID is used, for example. The physical cell ID can be determined using a synchronization signal transmitted on a downlink component carrier. The cell index can be determined using an RRC message. In this disclosure, the physical cell ID can be referred to as a carrier ID, and the cell index can be referred to as a carrier index. By way of example, when this disclosure refers to a first physical cell ID of a first downlink carrier, this disclosure can mean that the first physical cell ID is used for a cell that includes the first downlink carrier. The same / similar concept can apply to carrier activation, for example. When this disclosure indicates that a first carrier is activated, this specification can mean that a cell that includes the first carrier is activated.

[0132] In CA, the multi-carrier nature of the PHY can be exposed to the MAC. In an example, a HARQ entity can operate on a serving cell. Transport blocks can be generated according to assignments / grants per serving cell. Transport blocks and potential HARQ retransmissions of the transport blocks can be mapped to serving cells.

[0133] In the downlink, a base station can transmit (e.g., unicast, multicast, and / or broadcast) one or more reference signals (RSs) (e.g., PSS, SSS, CSI-RS, DMRS, and / or PT-RS, as Figure 5A shown) to a UE. In the uplink, a UE can transmit one or more RSs (e.g., DMRS, PT-RS, and / or SRS, as Figure 5B shown) to a base station. The PSS and SSS can be transmitted by the base station and used by the UE to synchronize the UE to the base station. The PSS and SSS can be provided in a synchronization signal (SS) / physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block including the PSS, SSS, and PBCH. The base station can periodically transmit a burst of SS / PBCH blocks.

[0134] Figure 11A Examples of structures and locations of SS / PBCH blocks are shown. A burst of SS / PBCH blocks can include one or more SS / PBCH blocks (e.g., 4 SS / PBCH blocks, as Figure 11A shown). The burst can be transmitted periodically (e.g., every 2 frames or 20 ms). The burst can be limited to a half frame (e.g., the first half frame with a duration of 5 ms). It should be understood that Figure 11A are examples, and these parameters (number of SS / PBCH blocks per burst, periodicity of the burst, burst location within a frame) can be configured based on, for example, the carrier frequency of the cell in which the SS / PBCH block is transmitted; the numerology or subcarrier spacing of the cell; configuration by the network (e.g., using RRC signaling); or any other suitable factor. In an example, a UE can assume a subcarrier spacing of SS / PBCH blocks based on the carrier frequency being monitored, unless the radio network configures the UE to assume a different subcarrier spacing.

[0135] An SS / PBCH block can span one or more OFDM symbols in the time domain (e.g., 4 OFDM symbols, as Figure 11APSS, SSS, and PBCH can have a common center frequency. The PSS can be transmitted first and can span, for example, 1 OFDM symbol and 127 subcarriers. The SSS can be transmitted after the PSS (e.g., two symbols later) and can span 1 OFDM symbol and 127 subcarriers. The PBCH can be transmitted after the PSS (e.g., spanning the next 3 OFDM symbols) and can span 240 subcarriers.

[0136] A UE can not know the location of an SS / PBCH block in time and frequency domains (e.g., in a case that the UE is searching for a cell). To find and select a cell, the UE can monitor a carrier for a PSS. For example, the UE can monitor a frequency location within the carrier. If the PSS is not found after a certain duration (e.g., 20 ms), the UE can search for the PSS at a different frequency location within the carrier, as indicated by a synchronization raster. If the PSS is found at a certain location in time and frequency domains, the UE can determine the locations of SSS and PBCH based on a known structure of the SS / PBCH block, respectively. The SS / PBCH block can be a cell-defining SS block (CD-SSB). In an example, a primary cell can be associated with a CD-SSB. The CD-SSB can be located on a synchronization raster. In an example, cell selection / searching and / or reselection can be based on the CD-SSB.

[0137] An SS / PBCH block can be used by a UE to determine one or more parameters of a cell. For example, the UE can determine a physical cell identifier (PCI) of the cell based on sequences of the PSS and SSS, respectively. The UE can determine a location of a frame boundary of the cell based on a location of the SS / PBCH block. For example, the SS / PBCH block can indicate that it has been transmitted according to a transmission pattern in which SS / PBCH blocks in the transmission pattern are a known distance from a frame boundary.

[0138] The PBCH can use QPSK modulation and can use forward error correction (FEC). The FEC can use polar coding. One or more symbols spanned by the PBCH can carry one or more DMRSs for demodulating the PBCH. The PBCH can include an indication of a current system frame number (SFN) of the cell and / or an SS / PBCH block timing index. These parameters can help the UE with time synchronization with the base station. The PBCH can include a master information block (MIB) that is used to provide one or more parameters to the UE. The MIB can be used by the UE to locate remaining minimum system information (RMSI) associated with the cell. The RMSI can include a system information block type 1 (SIB1). The SIB1 can include information needed by the UE to access the cell. The UE can use one or more parameters of the MIB to monitor PDCCH that can be used to schedule PDSCH. The PDSCH can include the SIB1. The SIB1 can be decoded using parameters provided in the MIB. The PBCH can indicate that the SIB1 is not present. Based on the PBCH indicating that the SIB1 is not present, the UE can point to a frequency. The UE can search for SS / PBCH blocks at the frequency to which the UE points.

[0139] The UE can assume that one or more SS / PBCH blocks that are transmitted with the same SS / PBCH block index are quasi co-located (QCLed) (e.g., have the same / similar Doppler spread, Doppler shift, average gain, average delay, and / or spatial Rx parameter). The UE can not assume QCL for SS / PBCH block transmissions with different SS / PBCH block indexes.

[0140] The SS / PBCH blocks (e.g., those within a half frame) can be transmitted in spatial directions (e.g., using different beams that span a coverage area of the cell). In an example, a first SS / PBCH block can be transmitted in a first spatial direction using a first beam and a second SS / PBCH block can be transmitted in a second spatial direction using a second beam.

[0141] In an example, a base station can transmit a plurality of SS / PBCH blocks within a frequency range of a carrier. In an example, a first PCI of a first SS / PBCH block of the plurality of SS / PBCH blocks can be different than a second PCI of a second SS / PBCH block of the plurality of SS / PBCH blocks. The PCIs of SS / PBCH blocks transmitted in different frequency locations can be different or the same.

[0142] A CSI-RS can be transmitted by a base station and used by a UE to acquire channel state information (CSI). A base station can configure a UE with one or more CSI-RS for channel estimation or any other suitable purpose. A base station can configure a UE with one or more of the same / similar CSI-RS. A UE can measure the one or more CSI-RS. A UE can estimate a downlink channel state and / or generate a CSI report based on measurements of the one or more downlink CSI-RS. A UE can provide a CSI report to a base station. A base station can use feedback provided by a UE (e.g., estimated downlink channel state) to perform link adaptation.

[0143] A base station can semi-statically configure a UE with one or more CSI-RS resource sets. A CSI-RS resource can be associated with a location in time and frequency domain and periodicity. A base station can selectively activate and / or deactivate a CSI-RS resource. A base station can indicate to a UE that a CSI-RS resource in a CSI-RS resource set is activated and / or deactivated.

[0144] A base station can configure a UE to report CSI measurements. A base station can configure a UE to provide a CSI report periodically, aperiodically, or semi-persistently. For periodic CSI reporting, a UE can be configured with a timing and / or periodicity of multiple CSI reports. For aperiodic CSI reporting, a base station can request a CSI report. For example, a base station can order a UE to measure a configured CSI-RS resource and provide a CSI report related to the measurements. For semi-persistent CSI reporting, a base station can configure a UE to periodically transmit and selectively activate or deactivate a periodic report. A base station can configure a UE with a CSI-RS resource set and a CSI report using RRC signaling.

[0145] A CSI-RS configuration can include one or more parameters indicating, for example, up to 32 antenna ports. A UE can be configured to employ the same OFDM symbols for a downlink CSI-RS and a control resource set (CORESET) when the downlink CSI-RS and the CORESET are spatially QCLed and the resource elements associated with the downlink CSI-RS are outside the physical resource blocks (PRBs) configured for the CORESET. A UE can be configured to employ the same OFDM symbols for a downlink CSI-RS and a SS / PBCH block when the downlink CSI-RS and the SS / PBCH block are spatially QCLed and the resource elements associated with the downlink CSI-RS are outside the PRBs configured for the SS / PBCH block.

[0146] A downlink DMRS can be transmitted by a base station and used by a UE for channel estimation. For example, a downlink DMRS can be used for coherent demodulation of one or more downlink physical channels (e.g., PDSCH). An NR network can support one or more variable and / or configurable DMRS patterns for data demodulation. At least one downlink DMRS configuration can support a front-loaded DMRS pattern. A front-loaded DMRS can be mapped over one or more OFDM symbols (e.g., one or two adjacent OFDM symbols). A base station can semi-statically configure a UE with a number (e.g., a maximum number) of front-loaded DMRS symbols for PDSCH. A DMRS configuration can support one or more DMRS ports. For example, for single-user MIMO, a DMRS configuration can support up to eight orthogonal downlink DMRS ports per UE. For multi-user MIMO, a DMRS configuration can support up to four orthogonal downlink DMRS ports per UE. A radio network can support (e.g., at least for CP-OFDM) a common DMRS structure for downlink and uplink, where a DMRS location, a DMRS pattern, and / or a scrambling sequence can be the same or different. A base station can transmit a downlink DMRS and a corresponding PDSCH using a same precoding matrix. A UE can use the one or more downlink DMRSs for coherent demodulation / channel estimation of a PDSCH.

[0147] In an example, a transmitter (e.g., a base station) can use a precoder matrix for a portion of a transmission bandwidth. For example, a transmitter can use a first precoder matrix for a first bandwidth and a second precoder matrix for a second bandwidth. The first precoder matrix and the second precoder matrix can be different based on the first bandwidth being different than the second bandwidth. A UE can assume a same precoding matrix is used across a set of PRBs. The set of PRBs can be denoted as a precoding resource block group (PRG).

[0148] A PDSCH can include one or more layers. A UE can assume that at least one symbol with a DMRS is present on a layer of the one or more layers of the PDSCH. A higher layer can configure a PDSCH with up to 3 DMRSs.

[0149] Downlink PT-RS can be transmitted by a base station and used by a UE for phase noise compensation. Whether or not a downlink PT-RS is present can depend on RRC configuration. The presence and / or pattern of a downlink PT-RS can be configured on a UE-specific basis using a combination of RRC signaling and / or association with one or more parameters that can be indicated by DCI for other purposes (e.g., modulation and coding scheme (MCS)). When configured, the dynamic presence of a downlink PT-RS can be associated with one or more DCI parameters including at least MCS. An NR network can support multiple PT-RS densities defined in time / frequency domain. When present, a frequency domain density can be associated with at least one configuration of a scheduled bandwidth. A UE can take a same precoding for a DMRS port and a PT-RS port. The number of PT-RS ports can be fewer than the number of DMRS ports in a scheduled resource. A downlink PT-RS can be confined in a scheduled time / frequency duration for a UE. A downlink PT-RS can be transmitted on a symbol to facilitate phase tracking at a receiver.

[0150] A UE can transmit an uplink DMRS to a base station for channel estimation. For example, a base station can use an uplink DMRS for consistent demodulation of one or more uplink physical channels. For example, a UE can transmit an uplink DMRS with a PUSCH and / or a PUCCH. An uplink DM-RS can span a similar frequency range as a frequency range associated with a corresponding physical channel. A base station can configure a UE with one or more uplink DMRS configurations. At least one DMRS configuration can support a front-loaded DMRS pattern. A front-loaded DMRS can be mapped on one or more OFDM symbols (e.g., one or two adjacent OFDM symbols). One or more uplink DMRSs can be configured to be transmitted at one or more symbols of a PUSCH and / or a PUCCH. A base station can semi-statically configure a UE with a number (e.g., a maximum number) of front-loaded DMRS symbols of a PUSCH and / or a PUCCH that the UE can use to schedule a single-symbol DMRS and / or a double-symbol DMRS. An NR network can support a common DMRS structure for downlink and uplink (e.g., for cyclic prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM)) where a DMRS location, a DMRS pattern, and / or a scrambling sequence of a DMRS can be the same or different.

[0151] A PUSCH can include one or more layers, and a UE can transmit at least one symbol with a DMRS present on a layer of the one or more layers of the PUSCH. In an example, an upper layer can configure a PUSCH with up to three DMRSs.

[0152] Uplink PT-RS (which can be used by a base station for phase tracking and / or phase noise compensation) can or can not be present depending on the UE's RRC configuration. The presence and / or pattern of uplink PT-RS can be configured on a UE- specific basis by a combination of RRC signaling and / or one or more parameters used for other purposes (e.g., modulation and coding scheme (MCS)) that can be indicated by DCI. When configured, the dynamic presence of uplink PT-RS can be associated with one or more DCI parameters including at least MCS. A radio network can support multiple uplink PT-RS densities defined in time / frequency domain. When present, the frequency domain density can be associated with at least one configuration of the scheduled bandwidth. The UE can take the same precoding for DMRS ports and PT-RS ports. The number of PT-RS ports can be fewer than the number of DMRS ports in the scheduled resources. By way of example, uplink PT-RS can be confined in the scheduled time / frequency duration of the UE.

[0153] A UE can transmit SRS to a base station for channel state estimation to support uplink channel-dependent scheduling and / or link adaptation. SRS transmitted by a UE can allow a base station to estimate the uplink channel state at one or more frequencies. A scheduler at the base station can employ the estimated uplink channel state to assign one or more resource blocks for uplink PUSCH transmissions from the UE. A base station can semi-statically configure a UE with one or more SRS resource sets. For an SRS resource set, the base station can configure the UE with one or more SRS resources. SRS resource set applicability can be configured by a higher layer (e.g., RRC) parameter. For example, when the higher layer parameter indicates beam management, SRS resources in an SRS resource set of the one or more SRS resource sets (e.g., with same / similar time domain behavior, periodic, aperiodic, etc.) can be transmitted at a time (e.g., simultaneously). A UE can transmit one or more SRS resources in an SRS resource set. An NR network can support aperiodic, periodic, and / or semi-persistent SRS transmissions. A UE can transmit SRS resources based on one or more trigger types, which can include higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC) and / or one or more DCI formats. In an example, at least one DCI format can be employed for a UE to select at least one configured SRS resource set of one or more configured SRS resource sets. SRS trigger type 0 can refer to SRS triggered based on higher layer signaling. SRS trigger type 1 can refer to SRS triggered based on one or more DCI formats. In an example, a UE can be configured to transmit SRS after the transmission of PUSCH and corresponding uplink DMRS when PUSCH and SRS are transmitted in a same slot.

[0154] The base station can semi-statically configure the UE using one or more SRS configuration parameters indicating at least one of the following: SRS resource configuration identifier; number of SRS ports; temporal behavior of SRS resource configuration (e.g., indication of periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic SRS); time slot, micro-time slot, and / or subframe level period; time slots of periodic and / or aperiodic SRS resources; number of OFDM symbols in SRS resources; initiating OFDM symbols for SRS resources; SRS bandwidth; frequency hopping bandwidth; cyclic shift; and / or SRS sequence ID.

[0155] An antenna port is defined such that a symbol on the antenna port, through the channel through which it is transmitted, can be inferred from another symbol on the same antenna port, through the same channel through which it is transmitted. If a first symbol and a second symbol are transmitted on the same antenna port, the receiver can infer the channel used to transmit the second symbol on the antenna port (e.g., fade gain, multipath delay, etc.) from the channel used to transmit the first symbol on the antenna port. A first antenna port and a second antenna port can be referred to as quasi-co-located (QCLed) if one or more large-scale properties allow the channel used to transmit the first symbol on the first antenna port to be inferred from the channel through which the second symbol on the second antenna port is transmitted. The one or more large-scale properties may include at least one of the following: delay spread; Doppler spread; Doppler shift; average gain; average delay; and / or spatial reception (Rx) parameters.

[0156] Channels using beamforming require beam management. Beam management can include beam measurement, beam selection, and beam indication. A beam can be associated with one or more reference signals. For example, a beam can be identified by one or more beamforming reference signals. The UE can perform downlink beam measurements and generate a beam measurement report based on downlink reference signals (e.g., Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS)). After setting up an RRC connection with the base station, the UE can perform the downlink beam measurement procedure.

[0157] Figure 11B An example of a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) mapped in the time-frequency domain is shown. Figure 11BThe square shown may represent a resource block (RB) within the cell's bandwidth. The base station may transmit one or more RRC messages including CSI-RS resource configuration parameters indicating one or more CSI-RS. One or more of the following parameters can be configured for CSI-RS resource configuration via higher-layer signaling (e.g., RRC and / or MAC signaling): CSI-RS resource configuration identity, number of CSI-RS ports, CSI-RS configuration (e.g., symbol and resource element (RE) positions in subframes), CSI-RS subframe configuration (e.g., subframe position, offset, and periodicity in radio frames), CSI-RS power parameters, CSI-RS sequence parameters, Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) type parameters, frequency density, transport comb, Quasi-Co-location (QCL) parameters (e.g., QCL-scramblingidentity, crs-portscount, mbsfn-subframeconfiglist, csi-rs-configZPid, qcl-csi-rs-configNZPid), and / or other radio resource parameters.

[0158] Figure 11B The three beams shown can be configured for use in a UE-specific configuration. Figure 11B The document describes three beams (beam #1, beam #2, and beam #3), with the possibility of configuring more or fewer beams. CSI-RS1101 can be assigned to beam #1, which can be transmitted on one or more subcarriers in the RB of the first symbol. CSI-RS1102 can be assigned to beam #2, which can be transmitted on one or more subcarriers in the RB of the second symbol. CSI-RS1103 can be assigned to beam #3, which can be transmitted on one or more subcarriers in the RB of the third symbol. By using frequency division multiplexing (FDM), the base station can use other subcarriers in the same RB (e.g., those not used to transmit CSI-RS 1101) to transmit another CSI-RS associated with a beam of another UE. By using time domain multiplexing (TDM), the beam for a UE can be configured such that the beam for the UE uses symbols from beams of other UEs.

[0159] CSI-RS, such as Figure 11BThose shown (e.g., CSI-RS 1101, 1102, 1103) can be transmitted by the base station and used by the UE for one or more measurements. For example, the UE can measure the Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) of a configured CSI-RS resource. The base station can configure the UE using a reporting configuration, and the UE can report RSRP measurements to the network (e.g., via one or more base stations) based on the reporting configuration. In the example, the base station can determine one or more Transmission Configuration Indication (TCI) states, including multiple reference signals, based on the reported measurement results. In the example, the base station can indicate one or more TCI states to the UE (e.g., via RRC signaling, MAC CE, and / or DCI). The UE can receive downlink transmissions with a receive (Rx) beam determined based on the one or more TCI states. In the example, the UE may or may not have beam correspondence capability. If the UE has beam correspondence capability, the UE can determine the spatial domain filter for the transmit (Tx) beam based on the spatial domain filter corresponding to the Rx beam. If the UE does not have beam correspondence capability, the UE can perform an uplink beam selection procedure to determine the spatial domain filter for the Tx beam. The UE can perform the uplink beam selection procedure based on one or more Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) resources configured for the UE by the base station. The base station can select and indicate the UE's uplink beam based on measurements of one or more SRS resources transmitted by the UE.

[0160] In the beam management procedure, the UE can assess (e.g., measure) the channel quality of one or more beampup links, including beampup links containing transmit beams transmitted by the base station, and receive beams received by the UE. Based on the assessment, the UE can transmit a beam measurement report indicating one or more beampup quality parameters, including, for example, one or more beam identifiers (e.g., beam index, reference signal index, etc.), RSRP, precoding matrix indicator (PMI), channel quality indicator (CQI), and / or rank indicator (RI).

[0161] Figure 12AExamples of three downlink beam management procedures are shown: P1, P2, and P3. Procedure P1 can enable UE measurement of the transmit (Tx) beams for a Transport Receive Point (TRP) (or multiple TRPs), for example, to support the selection of one or more base station Tx beams and / or UE Rx beams (shown as ellipses in the top and bottom rows of P1, respectively). Beamforming at the TRP can include Tx beam sweeping for the beam set (shown as an ellipse rotating counterclockwise in the top rows of P1 and P2, indicated by the dashed arrows). Beamforming at the UE can include Rx beam sweeping for the beam set (shown as an ellipse rotating clockwise in the bottom rows of P1 and P3, indicated by the dashed arrows). Procedure P2 can be used to enable UE measurement of the Tx beams for a TRP (shown as an ellipse rotating counterclockwise in the top row of P2, indicated by the dashed arrows). The UE and / or base station may perform procedure P2 using a smaller beam set than that used in procedure P1, or using a narrower beam than that used in procedure P1. This may be referred to as beam refinement. The UE may perform procedure P3 for Rx beam determination by using the same Tx beam at the base station and sweeping the Rx beam at the UE.

[0162] Figure 12B Examples of three uplink beam management procedures are shown: U1, U2, and U3. Procedure U1 can be used to enable the base station to perform measurements on the UE's Tx beam, for example, to support the selection of one or more UE Tx beams and / or base station Rx beams (shown as ellipses in the top and bottom rows of U1, respectively). Beamforming at the UE can include, for example, an Rx beam sweep from the beam set (shown as an ellipse rotating clockwise in the bottom rows of U1 and U3, indicated by the dashed arrow). Beamforming at the base station can include, for example, an Rx beam sweep from the beam set (shown as an ellipse rotating counterclockwise in the top rows of U1 and U2, indicated by the dashed arrow). When the UE uses a fixed Tx beam, procedure U2 can be used to enable the base station to adjust its Rx beam. The UE and / or base station can perform procedure U2 using a smaller beam set than that used in procedure P1, or using a narrower beam than that used in procedure P1. This can be called beam refinement. The UE can execute procedure U3 to adjust its Tx beam when the base station is using a fixed Rx beam.

[0163] The UE can initiate a beam fault recovery (BFR) procedure based on the detection of a beam fault. The UE can transmit a BFR request (e.g., preamble, UCI, SR, MAC CE, etc.) based on the initiation of the BFR procedure. The UE can detect a beam fault based on the determination that the quality of the beam pair link in the associated control channel is unsatisfactory (e.g., an error rate higher than the error rate threshold, received signal power lower than the received signal power threshold, timer expiration, etc.).

[0164] The UE can use one or more reference signals (RS) to measure the quality of the beamp-link, including one or more SS / PBCH blocks, one or more CSI-RS resources, and / or one or more demodulation reference signals (DMRS). The quality of the beamp-link can be based on one or more of the following: block error rate (BLER), RSRP value, signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) value, reference signal reception quality (RSRQ) value, and / or CSI value measured on the RS resources. The base station can indicate one or more DM-RS quasi-co-located (QCLed) RS resources and channels (e.g., control channels, shared data channels, etc.). The one or more DMRS of the RS resources and channels can be QCLed when the channel characteristics (e.g., Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, spatial Rx parameter, fading, etc.) from the transmission to the UE via the RS resources are similar to or the same as the channel characteristics from the transmission to the UE via the channels.

[0165] The network (e.g., gNB and / or the network's ng-eNB) and / or the UE can initiate a random access procedure. A UE in the RRC_IDLE state and / or RRC_INACTIVE state can initiate a random access procedure to request connection settings to the network. A UE can initiate a random access procedure from the RRC_CONNECTED state. A UE can initiate a random access procedure to request uplink resources (e.g., for uplink transmission of SR when no PUCCH resources are available) and / or to acquire uplink timing (e.g., when the uplink synchronization state is not synchronized). A UE can initiate a random access procedure to request one or more System Information Blocks (SIBs) (e.g., other system information such as SIB2, SIB3, etc.). A UE can initiate a random access procedure for beam fault recovery requests. The network can initiate random access procedures for handover and / or for establishing time comparisons for SCell additions.

[0166] Figure 13A A four-step contention-based random access procedure is illustrated. Before initiating the procedure, the base station may transmit configuration message 1310 to the UE. Figure 13AThe procedure shown involves the transmission of four messages: Msg 1 1311, Msg 2 1312, Msg 3 1313, and Msg 4 1314. Msg 1 1311 may include and / or be referred to as a preamble (or random access preamble). Msg 2 1312 may include and / or be referred to as a random access response (RAR).

[0167] Configuration message 1310 may be transmitted, for example, using one or more RRC messages. These one or more RRC messages may indicate one or more Random Access Channel (RACH) parameters to the UE. The one or more RACH parameters may include at least one of the following: general parameters for one or more random access procedures (e.g., RACH-configGeneral); cell-specific parameters (e.g., RACH-ConfigCommon); and / or dedicated parameters (e.g., RACH-configDedicated). The base station may broadcast or multicast the one or more RRC messages to one or more UEs. The one or more RRC messages may be UE-specific (e.g., dedicated RRC messages transmitted to the UE in the RRC_CONNECTED state and / or RRC_INACTIVE state). The UE may determine the time and frequency resources and / or uplink transmission power for transmitting Msg 11311 and / or Msg 31313 based on the one or more RACH parameters. Based on the one or more RACH parameters, the UE may determine the receive timing and downlink channel for receiving Msg 2 1312 and Msg 4 1314.

[0168] The one or more RACH parameters provided in configuration message 1310 may indicate one or more physical RACH (PRACH) timings available for transmitting Msg 11311. The one or more PRACH timings may be predefined. The one or more RACH parameters may indicate one or more available sets of one or more PRACH timings (e.g., prach-ConfigIndex). The one or more RACH parameters may indicate an association between (a) one or more PRACH timings and (b) one or more reference signals. The one or more RACH parameters may indicate an association between (a) one or more preambles and (b) one or more reference signals. The one or more reference signals may be SS / PBCH blocks and / or CSI-RS. For example, the one or more RACH parameters may indicate the number of SS / PBCH blocks mapped to PRACH timings and / or the number of preambles mapped to SS / PBCH blocks.

[0169] The one or more RACH parameters provided in configuration message 1310 can be used to determine the uplink transmission power of Msg 1 1311 and / or Msg 3 1313. For example, the one or more RACH parameters can indicate a reference power for preamble transmission (e.g., the received target power and / or the initial power of the preamble transmission). One or more power offsets indicated by the one or more RACH parameters may exist. For example, the one or more RACH parameters can indicate: a power ramp step size; a power offset between the SSB and CSI-RS; a power offset between the transmissions of Msg 1 1311 and Msg 3 1313; and / or a power offset value between preamble groups. The one or more RACH parameters can indicate one or more thresholds upon which the UE can determine at least one reference signal (e.g., SSB and / or CSI-RS) and / or an uplink carrier (e.g., a normal uplink (NUL) carrier and / or a supplementary uplink (SUL) carrier).

[0170] Msg 1 1311 may include one or more preamble transmissions (e.g., preamble transmission and one or more preamble retransmissions). The RRC message may be used to configure one or more preamble groups (e.g., group A and / or group B). A preamble group may include one or more preambles. The UE may determine the preamble group based on path loss measurements and / or the magnitude of Msg 3 1313. The UE may measure the RSRP of one or more reference signals (e.g., SSB and / or CSI-RS) and determine at least one reference signal with an RSRP higher than an RSRP threshold (e.g., rsrp-ThresholdSSB and / or rsrp-ThresholdCSI-RS). For example, if the association between the one or more preambles and the at least one reference signal is configured by the RRC message, the UE can select at least one preamble associated with the one or more reference signals and / or the selected preamble group.

[0171] The UE can determine the preamble based on one or more RACH parameters provided in configuration message 1310. For example, the UE can determine the preamble based on path loss measurement, RSRP measurement, and / or the size of Msg 1313. As another example, the one or more RACH parameters can indicate: the preamble format; the maximum number of preamble transmissions; and / or one or more thresholds for determining one or more preamble groups (e.g., group A and group B). The base station can use the one or more RACH parameters to configure an association between one or more preambles and one or more reference signals (e.g., SSB and / or CSI-RS) for the UE. If the association is configured, the UE can determine the preamble included in Msg 11311 based on the association. Msg 11311 can be transmitted to the base station via one or more PRACH timings. The UE can use one or more reference signals (e.g., SSB and / or CSI-RS) for selecting the preamble and for determining the PRACH timing. One or more RACH parameters (e.g., ra-ssb-OccasionMskIndex and / or ra-OccasionList) can indicate the association between the PRACH timing and the one or more reference signals.

[0172] If no response is received after the preamble transmission, the UE may perform a preamble retransmission. The UE may increase the uplink transmission power used for the preamble retransmission. The UE may select the initial preamble transmission power based on path loss measurements and / or the target received preamble power configured by the network. The UE may determine the preamble to be retransmitted and may ramp up the uplink transmission power. The UE may receive one or more RACH parameters (e.g., PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_STEP) indicating the ramp step size used for the preamble retransmission. The ramp step size may be the amount by which the uplink transmission power used for the retransmission is incrementally increased. If the UE determines that the same reference signal (e.g., SSB and / or CSI-RS) is used as in the previous preamble transmission, the UE may ramp up the uplink transmission power. The UE may count the number of preamble transmissions and / or retransmissions (e.g., PREAMBLE_TRANSMISSION_COUNTER). For example, if the number of preamble transmissions exceeds a threshold configured by one or more RACH parameters (e.g., preambleTransMax), the UE can determine that the random access procedure has not been successfully completed.

[0173] The Msg 2 1312 received by the UE may include a RAR. In some scenarios, Msg 2 1312 may include multiple RARs corresponding to multiple UEs. Msg 2 1312 may be received after or in response to the transmission of Msg 1 1311. Msg 2 1312 may be scheduled on the DL-SCH and indicated on the PDCCH using a Random Access RNTI (RA-RNTI). Msg 2 1312 may indicate that Msg 1 1311 was received by the base station. Msg 2 1312 may include a time comparison command that the UE can use to adjust the UE's transmission timing, a scheduling grant for transmitting Msg 3 1313, and / or a Temporary Cell RNTI (TC-RNTI). After transmitting the preamble, the UE may initiate a time window (e.g., ra-ResponseWindow) to monitor the PDCCH of Msg 2 1312. The UE may determine when to initiate the time window based on the PRACH timing used by the UE to transmit the preamble. For example, the UE may initiate a time window of one or more symbols after the last symbol of the preamble (e.g., at the first PDCCH timing starting from the end of the preamble transmission). The one or more symbols may be determined based on a set of parameters. The PDCCH may be in a common search space configured by RRC messages (e.g., a Type 1-PDCCH common search space). The UE may identify the RAR based on a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI). The RNTI may be used depending on one or more events that initiate a random access procedure. The UE may use a Random Access RNTI (RA-RNTI). The RA-RNTI may be associated with the PRACH timing in which the UE transmits the preamble. For example, the UE may determine the RA-RNTI based on: the OFDM symbol index; the time slot index; the frequency domain index; and / or the UL carrier indicator of the PRACH timing. Examples of RA-RNTIs may be as follows:

[0174] RA-RNTI = 1 + s_id + 14 × t_id + 14 × 80 × f_id + 14 × 80 × 8 × ul_carrier_id, where s_id can be the index of the first OFDM symbol of the PRACH timing (e.g., 0 ≤ s_id < 14), t_id can be the index of the first slot of the PRACH timing in the system frame (e.g., 0 ≤ t_id < 80), f_id can be the index of the PRACH timing in the frequency domain (e.g., 0 ≤ f_id < 8), and ul_carrier_id can be the UL carrier used for preamble transmission (e.g., 0 for NUL carriers and 1 for SUL carriers).

[0175] The UE may transmit Msg 3 1313 in response to successful reception of Msg 2 1312 (e.g., using the resource identified in Msg 2 1312). Msg 3 1313 can be used for, for example... Figure 13A The diagram illustrates contention resolution in a contention-based random access procedure. In some scenarios, multiple UEs may transmit the same preamble to a base station, and the base station may provide a RAR corresponding to each UE. A conflict may occur if the multiple UEs interpret the RAR as corresponding to themselves. Contention resolution (e.g., using Msg 3 1313 and Msg 4 1314) can be used to increase the likelihood that a UE will not mistakenly use the identity of another UE. To perform contention resolution, the UE may include a device identifier in Msg 3 1313 (e.g., the TC-RNTI included in Msg 2 1312 if a C-RNTI is assigned, and / or any other suitable identifier).

[0176] Msg 4 1314 can be received after or in response to the transmission of Msg 3 1313. If Msg 3 1313 includes a C-RNTI, the base station will use the C-RNTI to address the UE on the PDCCH. If the UE's unique C-RNTI is detected on the PDCCH, the random access procedure is determined to have been successfully completed. If Msg 3 1313 includes a TC-RNTI (e.g., if the UE is in RRC_IDLE state or not otherwise connected to the base station), Msg 4 1314 will be received using the DL-SCH associated with the TC-RNTI. If the MAC PDU is successfully decoded and the MAC PDU includes a UE contention resolution identity MAC CE that matches (e.g., is transmitted) the CCCH SDU sent in Msg 3 1313, the UE can determine that contention resolution was successful and / or the UE can determine that the random access procedure was successfully completed.

[0177] The UE can be configured with Supplemental Uplink (SUL) carriers and Normal Uplink (NUL) carriers. Initial access (e.g., random access procedure) can be supported on the uplink carriers. For example, the base station can configure two separate RACH configurations for the UE: one for the SUL carrier and another for the NUL carrier. To enable random access in a cell configured with an SUL carrier, the network can indicate which carrier (NUL or SUL) to use. For example, the UE can determine the SUL carrier if the measured quality of one or more reference signals is below a broadcast threshold. Uplink transmissions of the random access procedure (e.g., Msg1 1311 and / or Msg 3 1313) can be preserved on the selected carrier. In one or more cases, the UE can switch uplink carriers during the random access procedure (e.g., between Msg 1 1311 and Msg 3 1313). For example, the UE can determine and / or switch uplink carriers for Msg 1 1311 and / or Msg 3 1313 based on channel clarity assessment (e.g., listen before speaking).

[0178] Figure 13B This illustrates a two-step contention-free random access procedure. (Compared to...) Figure 13A Similar to the four-step contention-based random access procedure shown, the base station can transmit configuration message 1320 to the UE before the procedure is initiated. Configuration message 1320 may be similar to configuration message 1310 in some respects. Figure 13B The program shown involves the transmission of two messages: Msg 1 1321 and Msg 2 1322. Msg 1 1321 and Msg 2 1322 can be similar in some respects to... Figure 13A The examples shown are Msg 1 1311 and Msg2 1312. (As shown from...) Figure 13A and Figure 13B It will be understood that a contention-free random access procedure may not include messages such as Msg 3 1313 and / or Msg 4 1314.

[0179] It can be initiated for beam fault recovery, other SI requests, SCell addition and / or handover. Figure 13B The contention-free random access procedure is illustrated. For example, the base station may indicate or assign a preamble to the UE for Msg 1 1321. The UE may receive the preamble indication (e.g., ra-PreambleIndex) from the base station via PDCCH and / or RRC.

[0180] After transmitting the preamble, the UE can initiate a time window (e.g., ra-ResponseWindow) to monitor the PDCCH of the RAR. In the event of a beam failure recovery request, the base station can configure the UE with a separate time window and / or a separate PDCCH within the search space indicated by the RRC message (e.g., recoverySearchSpaceId). The UE can monitor the PDCCH transmission of the Cell RNTI (C-RNTI) addressed to the search space. Figure 13B In the contention-free random access procedure shown, the UE can determine that the random access procedure was successfully completed after or in response to the transmission of Msg 1 1321 and the reception of the corresponding Msg 2 1322. For example, if the PDCCH transmission addresses to C-RNTI, the UE can determine that the random access procedure was successfully completed. For instance, if the UE receives a RAR including a preamble identifier corresponding to the preamble transmitted by the UE and / or the RAR includes a MAC sub-PDU with the preamble identifier, the UE can determine that the random access procedure was successfully completed. The UE can determine that the response is an indication of acknowledgment of the SI request.

[0181] Figure 13C Another two-step random access procedure is shown. (Compared to...) Figure 13A and Figure 13B Similar to the random access procedure shown, the base station can transmit configuration message 1330 to the UE before the procedure is initiated. Configuration message 1330 may be similar in some respects to configuration message 1310 and / or configuration message 1320. Figure 13C The program shown includes the transmission of two messages: Msg A1331 and Msg B1332.

[0182] Msg A 1331 can be transmitted by the UE in uplink transmission. Msg A 1331 may include one or more transmissions of preamble 1341 and / or one or more transmissions of transport block 1342. Transport block 1342 may include... Figure 13A The content shown in Msg3 1313 is similar to and / or equivalent to that of Msg3 1313. Transport block 1342 may include UCIs (e.g., SR, HARQ ACK / NACK, etc.). The UE may receive Msg B 1332 after or in response to the transmission of Msg A 1331. Msg B 1332 may include content similar to and / or equivalent to Msg3 1313. Figure 13A and Figure 13B The Msg 2 1312 shown (e.g., RAR) and / or Figure 13A The content shown in Msg 4 1314 is similar to and / or equivalent to the content shown in Msg 4 1314.

[0183] UE can initiate [activities] on licensed spectrum and / or unlicensed spectrum. Figure 13C The two-step random access procedure is used in the UE. The UE may determine whether to initiate a two-step random access procedure based on one or more factors. The one or more factors may be: the radio access technology being used (e.g., LTE, NR, etc.); whether the UE has a valid TA; cell size; the UE's RRC status; the type of spectrum (e.g., licensed vs. unlicensed); and / or any other suitable factors.

[0184] The UE can determine the radio resources and / or uplink transmission power of the preamble 1341 and / or transport block 1342 included in Msg A 1331 based on the two-step RACH parameters included in configuration message 1330. The RACH parameters can indicate the modulation and coding scheme (MCS), time-frequency resources, and / or power control of the preamble 1341 and / or transport block 1342. The time-frequency resources (e.g., PRACH) for the transmission of the preamble 1341 and the time-frequency resources (e.g., PUSCH) for the transmission of the transport block 1342 can be multiplexed using FDM, TDM, and / or CDM. The RACH parameters enable the UE to determine the receive timing and downlink channel for monitoring and / or receiving Msg B 1332.

[0185] Transport block 1342 may include data (e.g., delay-sensitive data), a UE identifier, security information, and / or device information (e.g., International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI)). The base station may transmit Msg B 1332 as a response to Msg A 1331. Msg B 1332 may include at least one of the following: a preamble identifier; a timing advanced command; a power control command; an uplink grant (e.g., radio resource assignment and / or MCS); a UE identifier for contention resolution; and / or an RNTI (e.g., a C-RNTI or a TC-RNTI). The UE can determine that the two-step random access procedure was successfully completed if: the preamble identifier in Msg B 1332 matches the preamble transmitted by the UE; and / or the UE identifier in Msg B 1332 matches the UE identifier in Msg A 1331 (e.g., transport block 1342).

[0186] The UE and the base station can exchange control signaling. The control signaling may be referred to as L1 / L2 control signaling and may originate from the PHY layer (e.g., Layer 1) and / or the MAC layer (e.g., Layer 2). The control signaling may include downlink control signaling transmitted from the base station to the UE and / or uplink control signaling transmitted from the UE to the base station.

[0187] Downlink control signaling may include: downlink scheduling assignment; uplink scheduling grants indicating uplink radio resources and / or transmission formats; time slot format information; preemption indication; power control commands; and / or any other suitable signaling. The UE may receive downlink control signaling in the payload transmitted by the base station on the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH). The payload transmitted on the PDCCH may be referred to as Downlink Control Information (DCI). In some scenarios, the PDCCH may be a group-shared PDCCH (GC-PDCCH) common to the UE group.

[0188] A base station can attach one or more Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) parity bits to the DCI to aid in the detection of transmission errors. When the DCI is intended for use with a UE (or a group of UEs), the base station can scramble the CRC parity bits with the UE's identifier (or the UE group's identifier). Scrambling the CRC parity bits with the identifier can include a Modulo-2 appending (or an exclusive OR operation) of the identifier value and the CRC parity bits. The identifier can include a 16-bit value of the Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI).

[0189] DCIs can be used for various purposes. The purpose can be indicated by the type of RNTI used to scramble the CRC parity bits. For example, a DCI with CRC parity bits scrambled using a paging RNTI (P-RNTI) can indicate paging information and / or system information change notifications. A P-RNTI can be predefined as "FFFE" in hexadecimal. A DCI with CRC parity bits scrambled using a system information RNTI (SI-RNTI) can indicate broadcast transmission of system information. A SI-RNTI can be predefined as "FFFF" in hexadecimal. A DCI with CRC parity bits scrambled using a random access RNTI (RA-RNTI) can indicate a random access response (RAR). A DCI with CRC parity bits scrambled using a cell RNTI (C-RNTI) can indicate dynamically scheduled unicast transmissions and / or triggering of PDCCH ordered random access. A DCI with CRC parity bits scrambled using a temporary cell RNTI (TC-RNTI) can indicate contention resolution (e.g., similar to...). Figure 13AThe Msg 3 shown is Msg 3 of 1313. Other RNTIs configured by the base station for the UE may include: the configured scheduling RNTI (CS-RNTI), transmission power control PUCCH RNTI (TPC-PUCCH-RNTI), transmission power control PUSCH RNTI (TPC-PUSCH-RNTI), transmission power control SRS RNTI (TPC-SRS-RNTI), interrupt RNTI (INT-RNTI), slot format indication RNTI (SFI-RNTI), semi-persistent CSI RNTI (SP-CSI-RNTI), modulation and coding scheme cell RNTI (MCS-C-RNTI), etc.

[0190] Depending on the purpose and / or content of the DCI, the base station may transmit DCI with one or more DCI formats. For example, DCI format 0_0 can be used for PUSCH scheduling in a cell. DCI format 0_0 can be a fallback DCI format (e.g., with a compact DCI payload). DCI format 0_1 ​​can be used for PUSCH scheduling in a cell (e.g., with a larger DCI payload than DCI format 0_0). DCI format 1_0 can be used for PDSCH scheduling in a cell. DCI format 1_0 can be a fallback DCI format (e.g., with a compact DCI payload). DCI format 1_1 can be used for PDSCH scheduling in a cell (e.g., with a larger DCI payload than DCI format 1_0). DCI format 2_0 can be used to provide slot format indication to UE groups. DCI format 2_1 can be used to notify UE groups of physical resource blocks and / or OFDM symbols, where UEs may assume that transmission to UEs is not expected. DCI format 2_2 can be used to transmit Transmission Power Control (TPC) commands for PUCCH or PUSCH. DCI format 2_3 can be used to transmit a set of TPC commands for SRS transmission by one or more UEs. New DCI formats for new features can be defined in future versions. DCI formats can have different DCI sizes, or they can share the same DCI size.

[0191] After scrambling the DCI with RNTI, the base station can process the DCI using channel coding (e.g., polarity coding), rate matching, scrambling, and / or QPSK modulation. The base station can map the coded and modulated DCI onto resource elements used for and / or configured for the PDCCH. Based on the DCI payload size and / or the base station's coverage area, the base station can transmit the DCI via a PDCCH occupying multiple consecutive control channel elements (CCEs). The number of consecutive CCEs (referred to as the aggregation level) can be 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and / or any other suitable number. CCEs can include the number of resource element groups (REGs) (e.g., 6). REGs can include resource blocks in OFDM symbols. The mapping of the coded and modulated DCI onto resource elements can be based on the mapping between CCEs and REGs (e.g., CCE-to-REG mapping).

[0192] Figure 14A An example of a CORESET configuration for the bandwidth portion is shown. A base station can transmit DCI via PDCCH on one or more control resource sets (CORESETs). A CORESET can include time-frequency resources in which a UE attempts to decode the DCI using one or more search spaces. The base station can configure the CORESET in the time-frequency domain. Figure 14A In the example, the first CORESET 1401 and the second CORESET 1402 appear at the first symbol of the time slot. The first CORESET 1401 overlaps with the second CORESET 1402 in the frequency domain. The third CORESET 1403 appears at the third symbol of the time slot. The fourth CORESET 1404 appears at the seventh symbol of the time slot. CORESETs can have different numbers of resource blocks in the frequency domain.

[0193] Figure 14B An example of CCE-to-REG mapping for DCI transmission is shown in CORESET and PDCCH processing. CCE-to-REG mapping can be interleaved (e.g., for providing frequency diversity) or non-interleaved (e.g., for facilitating interference coordination and / or frequency-selective transmission in the control channel). The base station can perform different or the same CCE-to-REG mappings for different CORESETs. A CORESET can be associated with CCE-to-REG mapping via RRC configuration. A CORESET can be configured with antenna port quasi-co-location (QCL) parameters. Antenna port QCL parameters can indicate the QCL information for the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) used for PDCCH reception in the CORESET.

[0194] The base station can transmit an RRC message to the UE, including configuration parameters for one or more CORESETs and one or more search space sets. The configuration parameters can indicate the association between the search space set and the CORESET. The search space set can include a set of PDCCH candidates formed by CCEs at a given aggregation level. The configuration parameters can indicate: the number of PDCCH candidates to be monitored at each aggregation level; the PDCCH monitoring period and PDCCH monitoring type; one or more DCI formats to be monitored by the UE; and / or whether the search space set is a common search space set or a UE-specific search space set. The set of CCEs in the common search space set can be predefined and known to the UE. The set of CCEs in the UE-specific search space set can be configured based on the UE's identity (e.g., C-RNTI).

[0195] like Figure 14B As shown, the UE can determine the time-frequency resources of the CORESET based on RRC messages. The UE can determine the CCE-to-REG mapping of the CORESET (e.g., interleaved or non-interleaved and / or mapping parameters) based on the CORESET's configuration parameters. The UE can determine the number of search space sets configured on the CORESET (e.g., up to 10) based on RRC messages. The UE can monitor a set of PDCCH candidates based on the configuration parameters of the search space sets. The UE can monitor a set of PDCCH candidates in one or more CORESETs for detecting one or more DCIs. Monitoring may include decoding one or more PDCCH candidates in the set of PDCCH candidates according to the monitored DCI format. Monitoring may include decoding the DCI content of one or more PDCCH candidates, which have possible (or configured) PDCCH locations, possible (or configured) PDCCH formats (e.g., the number of CCEs, the number of PDCCH candidates in the common search space, and / or the number of PDCCH candidates in the UE-specific search space), and possible (or configured) DCI formats. Decoding may be referred to as blind decoding. The UE can determine that the DCI is valid for the UE in response to a CRC check (e.g., scrambling bits of the CRC parity bit of the DCI that match the RNTI value). The UE can process the information included in the DCI (e.g., scheduling assignment, uplink grant, power control, timeslot format indication, downlink preemption, etc.).

[0196] The UE can transmit uplink control signaling (e.g., uplink control information (UCI)) to the base station. Uplink control signaling transmission may include a Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) acknowledgment for a received DL-SCH transport block. The UE may transmit the HARQ acknowledgment after receiving the DL-SCH transport block. Uplink control signaling may include channel state information (CSI) indicating the channel quality of the physical downlink channel. The UE may transmit the CSI to the base station. Based on the received CSI, the base station can determine transmission format parameters (e.g., including multiple antennas and beamforming schemes) for downlink transmission. Uplink control signaling may include a scheduling request (SR). The UE may transmit an SR indicating that uplink data is available for transmission to the base station. The UE may transmit UCI (e.g., HARQ acknowledgment, CSI report, SR, etc.) via the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) or the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH). The UE may use one of several PUCCH formats to transmit uplink control signaling via the PUCCH.

[0197] Five PUCCH formats can exist, and the UE can determine the PUCCH format based on the size of the UCI (e.g., the number of uplink symbols transmitted for the UCI and the number of UCI bits). PUCCH format 0 can have a length of one or two OFDM symbols and can include two or fewer bits. If more than one or two symbols are transmitted and the number of HARQ-ACK information bits (HARQ-ACK / SR bits) with positive or negative SR is one or two, the radio device can use PUCCH format 0 to transmit the UCI in the PUCCH resource. PUCCH format 1 can occupy between four and fourteen OFDM symbols and can include two or fewer bits. If four or more symbols are transmitted and the number of HARQ-ACK / SR bits is one or two, the UE can use PUCCH format 1. PUCCH format 2 can occupy one or two OFDM symbols and can include more than two bits. If more than one or two symbols are transmitted and the number of UCI bits is two or more, the UE can use PUCCH format 2. PUCCH format 3 can occupy between four and fourteen OFDM symbols and can include more than two bits. If four or more symbols are transmitted, the number of UCI bits is two or more, and the PUCCH resource does not include an orthogonal overlay code, the UE can use PUCCH format 3. PUCCH format 4 can occupy between four and fourteen OFDM symbols and can include more than two bits. If four or more symbols are transmitted, the number of UCI bits is two or more, and the PUCCH resource includes an orthogonal overlay code, the UE can use PUCCH format 4.

[0198] The base station can transmit configuration parameters of multiple PUCCH resource sets to the UE using, for example, an RRC message. These multiple PUCCH resource sets (e.g., up to four sets) can be configured on the cell's uplink BWP. A PUCCH resource set can be configured with: a PUCCH resource set index; multiple PUCCH resources (e.g., pucch-Resourceid) identified by a PUCCH resource identifier; and / or multiple (e.g., a maximum number) UCI ​​information bits that the UE can transmit using one of the multiple PUCCH resources in the PUCCH resource set. When multiple PUCCH resource sets are configured, the UE can select one PUCCH resource set from the multiple PUCCH resource sets based on the total bit length of the UCI information bits (e.g., HARQ-ACK, SR, and / or CSI). If the total bit length of the UCI information bits is two or fewer, the UE can select a first PUCCH resource set with a PUCCH resource set index equal to "0". If the total length of the UCI information bits is greater than two and less than or equal to the first configuration value, the UE can select a second PUCCH resource set with a PUCCH resource set index equal to "1". If the total length of the UCI information bits is greater than the first configuration value and less than or equal to the second configuration value, the UE can select a third PUCCH resource set with a PUCCH resource set index equal to "2". If the total length of the UCI information bits is greater than the second configuration value and less than or equal to the third value (e.g., 1406), the UE can select a fourth PUCCH resource set with a PUCCH resource set index equal to "3".

[0199] After determining a PUCCH resource set from multiple PUCCH resource sets, the UE can determine the PUCCH resources used for UCI (HARQ-ACK, CSI, and / or SR) transmission from the PUCCH resource set. The UE can determine the PUCCH resources based on the PUCCH resource indicator in the DCI received on the PDCCH (e.g., a DCI with DCI format 1_0 or a DCI for 1_1). The three-bit PUCCH resource indicator in the DCI can indicate one of the eight PUCCH resources in the PUCCH resource set. Based on the PUCCH resource indicator, the UE can use the PUCCH resource indicated by the PUCCH resource indicator in the DCI to transmit UCI (HARQ-ACK, CSI, and / or SR).

[0200] Figure 15 An example of a wireless device 1502 communicating with a base station 1504 according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. The wireless device 1502 and the base station 1504 may be part of a mobile communication network, such as... Figure 1A The mobile communication network 100 shown Figure 1B The mobile communication network 150 shown or any other communication network. Figure 15 The diagram shows only one wireless device 1502 and one base station 1504, but it should be understood that a mobile communication network may include more than one UE and / or more than one base station, which have the same characteristics as... Figure 15 The same or similar configurations shown.

[0201] Base station 1504 can connect wireless device 1502 to the core network (not shown) via radio communication through air interface (or radio interface) 1506. The communication direction from base station 1504 to wireless device 1502 via air interface 1506 is referred to as the downlink, while the communication direction from wireless device 1502 to base station 1504 via air interface 1506 is referred to as the uplink. Downlink transmissions can be separated from uplink transmissions using some combination of FDD, TDD, and / or two duplex technologies.

[0202] In the downlink, data to be transmitted from base station 1504 to wireless device 1502 can be provided to processing system 1508 of base station 1504. The data can be provided to processing system 1508 via, for example, a core network. In the uplink, data to be transmitted from wireless device 1502 to base station 1504 can be provided to processing system 1518 of wireless device 1502. Processing systems 1508 and 1518 can implement Layer 3 and Layer 2 OSI functions to process the data for transmission. Layer 2 may include, for example, information about… Figure 2A , Figure 2B , Figure 3 and Figure 4A The SDAP layer, PDCP layer, RLC layer, and MAC layer. Layer 3 may include, for example, the SDAP layer, PDCP layer, RLC layer, and MAC layer. Figure 2B The RRC layer.

[0203] After being processed by processing system 1508, data to be transmitted to wireless device 1502 can be provided to transmission processing system 1510 of base station 1504. Similarly, after being processed by processing system 1518, data to be transmitted to base station 1504 can be provided to transmission processing system 1520 of wireless device 1502. Transmission processing systems 1510 and 1520 can implement Layer 1 OSI functions. Layer 1 may include information about... Figure 2A , Figure 2B , Figure 3 and Figure 4A The PHY layer. For transmission processing, the PHY layer can perform operations such as forward error correction coding of the transport channel, interleaving, rate matching, mapping of the transport channel to the physical channel, modulation of the physical channel, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) or multiple-antenna processing, etc.

[0204] At base station 1504, receiving processing system 1512 can receive uplink transmissions from wireless device 1502. At wireless device 1502, receiving processing system 1522 can receive downlink transmissions from base station 1504. Receiving processing systems 1512 and 1522 can implement Layer 1 OSI functions. Layer 1 may include information about... Figure 2A , Figure 2B , Figure 3 and Figure 4A The PHY layer. For receive processing, the PHY layer can perform tasks such as error detection, forward error correction decoding, deinterleaving, demapping of the transport channel to the physical channel, demodulation of the physical channel, MIMO or multi-antenna processing, etc.

[0205] like Figure 15 As shown, wireless device 1502 and base station 1504 may include multiple antennas. These multiple antennas can be used to perform one or more MIMO or multi-antenna techniques, such as spatial multiplexing (e.g., single-user MIMO or multi-user MIMO), transmit / receive diversity, and / or beamforming. In other examples, wireless device 1502 and / or base station 1504 may have a single antenna.

[0206] Processing systems 1508 and 1518 may be associated with memory 1514 and memory 1524, respectively. Memory 1514 and memory 1524 (e.g., one or more non-transitory computer-readable media) may store computer program instructions or code that can be executed by processing systems 1508 and / or 1518 to perform one or more of the functions discussed in this application. Although Figure 15 Although not shown, the transmission processing system 1510, transmission processing system 1520, receiving processing system 1512 and / or receiving processing system 1522 may be coupled to a memory (e.g., one or more non-transitory computer-readable media) storing computer program instructions or code that can be executed to perform one or more of their respective functions.

[0207] Processing system 1508 and / or processing system 1518 may include one or more controllers and / or one or more processors. The one or more controllers and / or one or more processors may include, for example, a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a microcontroller, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) and / or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate and / or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, on-board units, or any combination thereof. Processing system 1508 and / or processing system 1518 may perform at least one of the following: signal encoding / processing, data processing, power control, input / output processing, and / or any other function that enables wireless device 1502 and base station 1504 to operate in a wireless environment.

[0208] Processing system 1508 and / or processing system 1518 may be connected to one or more peripheral devices 1516 and one or more peripheral devices 1526, respectively. The one or more peripheral devices 1516 and the one or more peripheral devices 1526 may include software and / or hardware providing features and / or functions, such as speakers, microphones, keyboards, displays, touchpads, power supplies, satellite transceivers, universal serial bus (USB) ports, hands-free headsets, FM radio units, media players, internet browsers, electronic control units (e.g., for motor vehicles), and / or one or more sensors (e.g., accelerometers, gyroscopes, temperature sensors, radar sensors, lidar sensors, ultrasonic sensors, light sensors, cameras, etc.). Processing system 1508 and / or processing system 1518 may receive user input data from the one or more peripheral devices 1516 and / or the one or more peripheral devices 1526 and / or provide user output data to the aforementioned one or more peripheral devices. The processing system 1518 in wireless device 1502 can receive power from a power source and / or can be configured to distribute power to other components in wireless device 1502. The power source may include one or more power sources, such as a battery, solar cell, fuel cell, or any combination thereof. Processing system 1508 and / or processing system 1518 may be connected to GPS chipset 1517 and GPS chipset 1527, respectively. GPS chipset 1517 and GPS chipset 1527 may be configured to provide geographic location information for wireless device 1502 and base station 1504, respectively.

[0209] Figure 16AAn exemplary structure for uplink transmission is shown. The baseband signal representing the physical uplink shared channel can perform one or more functions. These functions may include at least one of the following: scrambling; modulating scrambling bits to generate complex-valued symbols; mapping complex-valued modulation symbols onto one or more transport layers; transform precoding to generate complex-valued symbols; precoding the complex-valued symbols; mapping the precoded complex-valued symbols to resource elements; generating complex-valued time-domain single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) or CP-OFDM signals for antenna ports; and so on. In the example, when transform precoding is enabled, an SC-FDMA signal for uplink transmission can be generated. In the example, when transform precoding is not enabled, it can be achieved through... Figure 16A Generate CP-OFDM signals for uplink transmission. These functions are shown as examples, and other mechanisms are expected to be implemented in various implementation schemes.

[0210] Figure 16B An exemplary structure for modulation and upconversion of a baseband signal to a carrier frequency is shown. The baseband signal can be a complex-value SC-FDMA or CP-OFDM baseband signal from the antenna port and / or a complex-value Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) baseband signal. Filtering can be applied before transmission.

[0211] Figure 16C An exemplary structure for downlink transmission is shown. The baseband signal representing the physical downlink channel can perform one or more functions. These functions may include: scrambling coded bits in a codeword to be transmitted over the physical channel; modulating the scrambled bits to generate complex-valued modulation symbols; mapping the complex-valued modulation symbols onto one or more transport layers; precoding the complex-valued modulation symbols for transmission at the antenna port; mapping the complex-valued modulation symbols for the antenna port to resource elements; generating a complex-valued time-domain OFDM signal for the antenna port; and so on. These functions are shown as examples, and other mechanisms are contemplated for implementation in various embodiments.

[0212] Figure 16D Another exemplary structure for modulation and upconversion of a baseband signal to a carrier frequency is shown. The baseband signal can be a complex-value OFDM baseband signal at the antenna port. Filtering can be applied before transmission.

[0213] A wireless device can receive one or more messages (e.g., RRC messages) from a base station, including configuration parameters for multiple cells (e.g., primary cell, secondary cell). The wireless device can communicate with at least one base station (e.g., two or more base stations in dual connectivity) via these multiple cells. The one or more messages (e.g., as part of the configuration parameters) can include parameters for configuring the wireless device at the physical layer, MAC layer, RLC layer, PCDP layer, SDAP layer, and RRC layer. For example, the configuration parameters can include parameters for configuring physical layer and MAC layer channels, bearers, etc. For example, the configuration parameters can include parameters indicating the values ​​of timers for the physical layer, MAC layer, RLC layer, PCDP layer, SDAP layer, RRC layer, and / or communication channels.

[0214] A timer can begin running once started and continues running until it stops or expires. If the timer is not running, it can be started, or if it is running, it can be restarted. The timer can be associated with a value (e.g., the timer can start or restart from a certain value, or it can start from zero and expire once it reaches that value). The duration of the timer may not be updated until the timer stops or expires (e.g., due to BWP switching). The timer can be used to measure time periods / windows of a process. When the specification refers to implementations and procedures related to one or more timers, it should be understood that there are multiple ways to implement the one or more timers. For example, it should be understood that one or more of the multiple ways of implementing a timer can be used to measure time periods / windows of a process. For example, a random access response window timer can be used to measure a time window for receiving a random access response. In the example, instead of starting and expiring the random access response window timer, the time difference between two timestamps can be used. When the timer restarts, the measurement process for the time window can be restarted. Other exemplary implementations can be provided to restart the measurement of the time window.

[0215] In the example, the wireless device may receive one or more configuration parameters for the cell from the base station, for example.

[0216] In this example, spatial relationships (and / or path loss reference signals) may not be provided to the cell's uplink resources (e.g., SRS resources, PUCCH resources). For example, one or more configuration parameters may not indicate the spatial relationships (and / or path loss reference signals) of the uplink resources. For example, the radio device may not receive an activation command indicating the spatial relationships (and / or path loss reference signals) of the uplink resources.

[0217] In the prior art, a wireless device can, for example, select / determine a reference signal indicated by a TCI state (e.g., receive beam) based on uplink resources where no spatial relationship is provided. The wireless device can transmit uplink signals (e.g., SRS, PUSCH, UCI, PUCCH) via uplink resources based on the reference signal indicated by the TCI state. For example, the cell can be a self-scheduled cell. The cell can include downlink control channels (e.g., PDCCH, coreset). The wireless device can monitor the PDCCH in the coreset of the cell for DCI based on the TCI state. The wireless device can receive an activation command indicating / activating the TCI state of the coreset. For example, the cell can be a cross-carrier scheduled cell. The cell may not include downlink control channels (e.g., PDCCH, coreset). The wireless device can receive the PDSCH of the cell (or the cell's active downlink BWP) based on the TCI state. The wireless device can receive an activation command indicating / activating the TCI state of the PDSCH scheduled for the cell (or the cell's active downlink BWP).

[0218] In the example, the wireless device may be served by multiple TRPs, including a first TRP and a second TRP (e.g., transmitting to or receiving from the multiple TRPs). In the example, spatial relationships (and / or path loss reference signals) may not be provided to the uplink resources associated with (or configured for) the first TRP. In prior art implementations, the wireless device selects / determines the TCI state (e.g., the TCI state of the coreset or the TCI state used to decode the PDSCH) for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources. This can be inefficient when the selected / determined TCI state is associated with the second TRP. The wireless device may use different beams (e.g., different directions, different widths, narrow-wide, etc.) for the first and second TRPs. Transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources associated with the first TRP based on the TCI state associated with the second TRP can result in coverage loss, reduced data rates, and increased interference to other cells / wireless devices.

[0219] In an exemplary implementation, when no spatial relation (and / or path loss reference signal) is provided to the uplink resources associated with (or configured for) the TRP, the wireless device can select / determine the TCI state associated with (the same) TRP. The wireless device can then transmit uplink signals (e.g., SRS, PUSCH, UCI, PUCCH) via the uplink resources of the TRP based on the reference signal indicated by the TCI state associated with (the same) TRP.

[0220] In an exemplary implementation, one or more configuration parameters may indicate the TRP associated with the uplink resource. For an uplink resource, one or more configuration parameters may indicate an index that indicates the TRP (e.g., coreset pool index, TRP index, antenna panel index).

[0221] In an exemplary implementation, the wireless device may receive downlink signals (e.g., DCI) via a coreset associated with (or configured with) an index indicating a TRP (e.g., a coreset pool index, a TRP index). The downlink signals may trigger the transmission of uplink signals (e.g., aperiodic SRS) via uplink resources (e.g., SRS resources).

[0222] In an exemplary implementation, one or more configuration parameters may be used to indicate the index of the TRP (e.g., the coreset pool index, the TRP index) for a TCI status indication. For example, one or more configuration parameters may be used to indicate the index of the TRP (e.g., the coreset pool index, the TRP index) for a reference signal indicated by the TCI status indication.

[0223] In an exemplary implementation, the wireless device may receive an activation command that indicates / activates the TCI state. Based on the activation command, which includes a field indicating / including an index indicating the TRP (e.g., a coreset pool index, TRP index), the TCI state may be associated with the TRP.

[0224] When no spatial relationship is provided for uplink resources, the exemplary implementation enhances / improves the selection / determination of the TCI state of uplink resources. The exemplary implementation can reduce coverage loss, reduced data rates, and increased interference to other cells / wireless devices.

[0225] In the example, TRP can represent / denote an antenna panel. TRP and antenna panel are used interchangeably.

[0226] Figure 17 This is an example of beam management according to one aspect of the implementation of this disclosure.

[0227] In the example, the wireless device is Figure 17 At time T0, one or more messages are received. In this example, the wireless device can receive the one or more messages from the base station. The one or more messages may include one or more configuration parameters. In this example, the one or more configuration parameters may be RRC configuration parameters. In this example, the one or more configuration parameters may be RRC reconfiguration parameters.

[0228] In the example, one or more configuration parameters may be cell-specific. In the example, at least one of the one or more configuration parameters may be cell-specific. In the example, the cell may be a primary cell (PCell). In the example, the cell may be a secondary cell (SCell). The cell may be a secondary cell configured with a PUCCH (e.g., PUCCHSCell). In the example, the cell may be, for example, an unlicensed cell operating in an unlicensed frequency band. In the example, the cell may be, for example, a licensed cell operating in a licensed frequency band. In the example, the cell may operate in a first frequency range (FR1). For example, FR1 may include frequency bands below 6 GHz. In the example, the cell may operate in a second frequency range (FR2). For example, FR2 may include frequency bands from 24 GHz to 52.6 GHz.

[0229] In the example, the wireless device can be in RRC connection mode.

[0230] In the example, the wireless device can be in RRC idle mode.

[0231] In the example, the wireless device can be in RRC inactive mode.

[0232] In the example, a cell may include multiple BWPs. The multiple BWPs may include one or more uplink BWPs, which are uplink BWPs of the cell. The multiple BWPs may also include one or more downlink BWPs, which are downlink BWPs of the cell.

[0233] In the example, one of the multiple downlink BWPs can be in an active or inactive state. In the example, when one or more downlink BWPs is active, the wireless device can monitor downlink channels / signals (e.g., PDCCH, DCI, CSI-RS, PDSCH) on / through / via the downlink BWP. In the example, when one or more downlink BWPs is active, the wireless device can receive PDSCH on / through / for the downlink BWP. In the example, when one or more downlink BWPs is inactive, the wireless device cannot monitor downlink channels / signals (e.g., PDCCH, DCI, CSI-RS, PDSCH) on / through / for the downlink BWP. In the example, when one or more downlink BWPs is inactive, the wireless device cannot monitor downlink channels / signals (e.g., PDCCH, DCI, CSI-RS, PDSCH) on / through / for the downlink BWP. When one or more downlink BWPs is inactive, the wireless device can stop monitoring downlink channels / signals (e.g., PDCCH, DCI, CSI-RS, PDSCH) on / through / for the downlink BWP. In the example, when one or more downlink BWPs are inactive, the radio device cannot receive PDSCH on / via / for the downlink BWP. When one or more downlink BWPs are inactive, the radio device can stop receiving PDSCH on / via / for the downlink BWP.

[0234] In the example, when one or more uplink BWPs is active, the wireless device can transmit uplink signals / channels (e.g., PUCCH, preamble, PUSCH, PRACH, SRS, etc.) on / via the uplink BWP. In the example, when one or more uplink BWPs is inactive, the wireless device cannot transmit uplink signals / channels (e.g., PUCCH, preamble, PUSCH, PRACH, SRS, etc.) on / via the uplink BWP.

[0235] In the example, the wireless device can activate one or more downlink BWPs in the cell. In the example, activating a downlink BWP can include the wireless device setting (or switching) the downlink BWP to the cell's active downlink BWP. In the example, activating a downlink BWP can include the wireless device setting the downlink BWP to an active state. In the example, activating a downlink BWP can include switching the downlink BWP from an inactive state to an active state.

[0236] In the example, the wireless device can activate one or more uplink BWPs of the cell. In the example, activating an uplink BWP can include the wireless device setting (or switching) the uplink BWP to the cell's active uplink BWP. In the example, activating an uplink BWP can include the wireless device setting the uplink BWP to an active state. In the example, activating an uplink BWP can include switching the uplink BWP from an inactive state to an active state.

[0237] In the example, one or more configuration parameters can be for the (active) downlink BWP of the cell. In the example, at least one of the one or more configuration parameters can be for the downlink BWP of the cell.

[0238] In the example, one or more configuration parameters can be for the (active) uplink BWP of the cell. In the example, at least one of the one or more configuration parameters can be for the uplink BWP of the cell.

[0239] In the example, one or more configuration parameters can indicate one or more uplink resources (e.g., Figure 17 (Uplink resources in the cell). For example, one or more uplink resources may be on a cell (or indicated for use in a cell). The cell may include one or more uplink resources. For example, one or more uplink resources may be on a (active) uplink BWP of the cell (or indicated for use in the uplink). The (active) uplink BWP of the cell may include one or more uplink resources.

[0240] In the example, one or more uplink resources may include one or more PUCCH resources.

[0241] In the example, one or more uplink resources may include one or more SRS resources. One or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more SRS resource sets that include an SRS resource set. An SRS resource set may include one or more SRS resources.

[0242] In the example, the SRS resource set can be periodic. One or more configuration parameters can indicate the periodic resource type of the SRS resource set (e.g., the higher-level parameter resourceType that is set to periodic).

[0243] In the example, the SRS resource set can be aperiodic. One or more configuration parameters can indicate the aperiodic resource type of the SRS resource set (e.g., the higher-level parameter resourceType is set to aperiodic).

[0244] In the example, the SRS resource set can be semi-persistent. One or more configuration parameters can indicate the semi-persistent resource type of the SRS resource set (e.g., the higher-level parameter resourceType is set to semi-persistent).

[0245] In the example, one or more configuration parameters may include SRS usage parameters for the SRS resource set.

[0246] In the example, one or more SRS resources (or sets of SRS resources) may not be used for beam management. The SRS usage parameters may differ from beamManagement (e.g., usage != beamManagement, usage=codebook, usage=noncodebook, usage=AntennaSwitching).

[0247] In the example, the SRS usage parameter for the SRS resource set can be noncodebook (e.g., usage=noncodebook). When the SRS usage parameter for the SRS resource set is noncodebook, one or more configuration parameters may not indicate the index of the CSI-RS resource for the SRS resource set (e.g., associatedCSI-RS).

[0248] In the example, one or more configuration parameters may include enabling parameters (e.g., enableDefaultBeamPlForPUSCH0_0, enableDefaultBeamPlForPUCCH, enableDefaultBeamPlForSRS). These enabling parameters can be used in the cell. The enabling parameters enable the determination / selection of default spatial relationships for uplink channels / signals (e.g., PUCCH, SRS, PUSCH). The enabling parameters also enable the determination / selection of default path loss reference signals for uplink channels / signals (e.g., PUCCH, SRS, PUSCH). In the example, the wireless device may determine / select the default spatial relationships and default path loss reference signals for uplink channel / signal transmission based on one or more configuration parameters including the enabling parameters. In the example, in response to the lack of spatial relationships provided for uplink resources used to transmit uplink channels / signals, the wireless device may determine / select default spatial relationships and default path loss reference signals. In the example, in response to the lack of at least one path loss reference RS provided to uplink resources used for transmitting uplink channels / signals, the wireless device can determine / select a default spatial relationship and a default path loss reference signal. For example, one or more uplink resources may include uplink resources. The lack of a spatial relationship provided to the uplink resources may, for example, include one or more configuration parameters not indicating the spatial relationship of the uplink resources. The lack of a spatial relationship provided to the uplink resources may, for example, include not receiving an activation command (e.g., MAC CE) indicating the spatial relationship of the uplink resources. The lack of a spatial relationship provided to the uplink resources may include a DCI (e.g., DCI·0-0) for receiving uplink signals (e.g., transport blocks) via the uplink resources. The DCI may not include a field indicating the spatial relationship. This field may be an SRI field. The lack of at least one path loss reference RS provided to the uplink resources may, for example, include one or more configuration parameters not indicating at least one path loss reference RS for the uplink resources. The lack of at least one path loss reference RS provided to the uplink resources may, for example, include not receiving an activation command (e.g., MAC CE) indicating at least one path loss reference RS for the uplink resources.

[0249] In the example, one or more uplink resources may include uplink resources (e.g., Figure 17 Uplink resources in the middle.

[0250] In the example, the wireless device may, for instance, transmit a UE capability message to the base station that includes UE capability information. The UE capability information may indicate / include support for beam correspondence without uplink beam scanning (e.g., beamCorrespondenceWithoutUL-BeamSweeping). In the example, the wireless device may set the value of beamCorrespondenceWithoutUL-BeamSweeping in the UE capability message to a first value (e.g., one) to indicate support for beam correspondence without uplink scanning.

[0251] In the example, based on UE capability information indicating support for a beam in the absence of uplink beam scanning, the wireless device can select an appropriate beam for uplink transmission based on downlink measurements, without relying on uplink beam scanning. The wireless device may not select an appropriate beam for uplink transmission based on uplink beam scanning.

[0252] In the example, one or more configuration parameters may not indicate at least one path loss reference RS (e.g., pathlossReferenceRSs, PUCCH-PathlossReferenceRS, PathlossReferenceRS-Config, pathlossReferenceRS-List-r16, pathlossReferenceRS-List, SRS-PathlossReferenceRS). One or more configuration parameters may not indicate at least one path loss reference RS for the cell. One or more configuration parameters may not indicate at least one path loss reference RS for the (active) uplink BWP of the cell. One or more configuration parameters may not indicate at least one path loss reference RS for the SRS resource set of the (active) uplink BWP of the cell. In response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating at least one path loss reference RS, at least one path loss reference RS may not be provided to the radio device. The SRS resource set may include uplink resources.

[0253] In the example, the wireless device may not have received an activation command indicating at least one path loss reference RS (e.g., SRS path loss reference RS activation / deactivation MAC CE). For example, the wireless device may not have received an activation command indicating at least one path loss reference RS of an SRS resource set. The SRS resource set may include uplink resources. For example, the wireless device may not have received an activation command indicating at least one path loss reference RS of an (active) uplink BWP. In response to not receiving an activation command indicating at least one path loss reference RS, at least one path loss reference RS may not be provided to the wireless device.

[0254] In the example, spatial relationships (e.g., PUCCH-SpatialRelationInfo, spatialRelationInfo) may not be provided to the uplink resources.

[0255] In the example, one or more configuration parameters may not indicate the spatial relationship of the uplink resource. Not providing a spatial relationship for the uplink resource can include one or more configuration parameters not indicating the spatial relationship of the uplink resource.

[0256] In the example, the wireless device may not receive activation commands indicating spatial relationships of uplink resources (e.g., AP / SP SRS activation / deactivation MAC CE, PUCCH spatial relationship activation / deactivation MAC CE). Failure to provide spatial relationships for uplink resources may include not receiving activation commands indicating spatial relationships of uplink resources.

[0257] In the example, one or more configuration parameters can indicate multiple coresets for the cell. One or more configuration parameters can indicate multiple coresets for the cell's (active) downlink BWP. In the example, the cell's (active) downlink BWP may include multiple coresets.

[0258] In the example, one or more configuration parameters can indicate the coreset index of the multiple coresets (e.g., provided by the higher-level parameter ControlResourceSetId). In the example, each coreset in the multiple coresets can be identified / indicated by its corresponding coreset index among the multiple coreset indices. In the example, the first coreset in the multiple coresets can be identified / indicated by the first coreset index among the multiple coreset indices. The second coreset in the multiple coresets can be identified / indicated by the second coreset index among the multiple coreset indices.

[0259] In the example, multiple coresets can include the selected coreset.

[0260] In the example, the selected coreset among multiple coresets can be identified by the selected coreset index among multiple coreset indices. In the example, the selected coreset index can be the lowest (or highest) among the multiple coreset indices. The selected coreset can be identified / indicated by the lowest selected coreset index among the multiple coreset indices of multiple coresets.

[0261] In the example, one or more configuration parameters can indicate multiple TCI states (e.g., provided by the higher-level parameter tci-StatesPDCCH-ToAddList, for example, ...). Figure 17 The TCI-states are defined as TCI-state-0, TCI-state-1, ..., TCI-state-127. For example, one or more configuration parameters can indicate multiple TCI states for a selected coreset among multiple coresets.

[0262] In the example, one or more configuration parameters can indicate the TCI state index of multiple TCI states (e.g., provided by the higher-level parameter TCI-StateId). In the example, each of the multiple TCI states can be identified / indicated by its corresponding TCI state index within the TCI state index. In the example, the first TCI state among the multiple TCI states can be identified by the first TCI state index within the TCI state index. The second TCI state among the multiple TCI states can be identified by the second TCI state index within the TCI state index.

[0263] In the example, Figure 17At time T1, the radio device receives an activation command (e.g., a TCI state indication for a UE-specific PDCCHMAC CE), which activates / selects / indicates a selected TCI state among multiple TCI states for a selected coreset. Activation may include one or more fields. A first field among the one or more fields may indicate / include a selected coreset index. A second field among the one or more fields may indicate / include a selected TCI state index. The TCI state index may include the selected TCI state index. A third field among the one or more fields may indicate / include a serving cell index that identifies the cell (e.g., provided by the higher-layer parameter ServCellIndex). One or more configuration parameters may indicate the serving cell index used for the cell. A fourth field among the one or more fields may indicate / include a downlink BWP index for the downlink BWP. One or more configuration parameters may indicate the downlink BWP index used for the downlink BWP.

[0264] In the example, the selected TCI state may include / indicate the selected quasi-co-address (QCL) assumption / attribute / structure of the selected coreset. The selected QCL assumption / attribute / structure of the selected coreset may indicate at least one of the channel characteristics, Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, and spatial receiver filter of the selected coreset.

[0265] In the example, one or more configuration parameters may not indicate at least one coreset for the cell. The cell may not include at least one coreset. In the example, one or more configuration parameters may not indicate at least one coreset for the cell's (active) downlink BWP. The cell's (active) downlink BWP may not include at least one coreset.

[0266] In the example, a cell can be a scheduled cell. A cell can be a scheduled cell based on one or more configuration parameters that do not indicate at least one coreset of the cell. When a cell is a scheduled cell, it can be scheduled across carriers by the scheduled cell. A cell scheduled across carriers by the scheduled cell can include a downlink control channel (or coreset) that monitors the scheduled cell for downlink control information (DCI). The DCI can be a cell-scheduled transport block (TB). For example, a TB can be a PDSCH. For example, a TB can be a PUSCH. Radio devices can transmit / receive TBs via the cell.

[0267] In the example, one or more configuration parameters can indicate multiple TCI states (e.g., provided by the higher-level parameter tci-StatesToAddModList in PDSCH-Config). Multiple TCI states (e.g., Figure 17 The TCI-states (0, 1, ..., 127) can be used to decode the PDSCH for the cell scheduling. Multiple TCI states can be used to decode the PDSCH for the cell's (active) downlink BWP scheduling.

[0268] In the example, Figure 17 At time T1, the radio device receives an activation command indicating / activating one or more TCI states among multiple TCI states (e.g., TCI state activation / deactivation for a UE-specific PDSCH MAC CE). One or more TCI states can be active. Having one or more active TCI states can include receiving the PDSCH of the (active) downlink BWP of the cell based on one or more TCI states. In the example, the radio device can receive a DCI-scheduled reception of a transport block (e.g., PDSCH) via the (active) downlink BWP of the cell. The DCI can include a TCI field indicating one or more TCI states. The DCI may not include a TCI field indicating TCI states not included / included / included by one or more TCI states. The radio device can receive a transport block based on the TCI state indicated by the TCI field. Receiving a transport block based on a TCI state can include one or more DM-RS antenna ports of the transport block quasi-co-addressed with a reference signal indicated by the TCI state. The TCI state can indicate a quasi-co-address type (e.g., QCL type D, QCL type A, QCL type C, etc.). In terms of quasi-co-addressable types, one or more DM-RS antenna ports of the transport block can be quasi-co-addressable with the reference signal.

[0269] In the example, one or more configuration parameters can indicate the TCI state index of multiple TCI states (e.g., provided by the higher-level parameter TCI-StateId). In the example, each of the multiple TCI states can be identified / indicated by its corresponding TCI state index within the TCI state index. In the example, the first TCI state among the multiple TCI states can be identified by the first TCI state index within the TCI state index. The second TCI state among the multiple TCI states can be identified by the second TCI state index within the TCI state index.

[0270] In the example, a TCI state index may include one or more TCI state indices of one or more TCI states. One or more TCI states may include a selected TCI state identified by a selected TCI state index among one or more TCI state indices. In the example, among one or more TCI state indices of one or more TCI states, the selected TCI state index may be the lowest (or highest). The selected TCI state may be identified / indicated by the lowest selected TCI state index among one or more TCI state indices.

[0271] In the example, an activation command indicating / activating one or more TCI states may include one or more fields. The first field of the one or more fields may include one or more TCI state indices for the one or more TCI states.

[0272] In the example, the second field of one or more fields may indicate / include the serving cell index of the cell (e.g., provided by the higher-level parameter ServCellIndex). One or more configuration parameters may indicate the serving cell index used for the cell. The third field of one or more fields may indicate / include the downlink BWP index of the downlink BWP. One or more configuration parameters may indicate the downlink BWP index used for the downlink BWP. The fourth field of one or more fields may include the coreset pool index (e.g., the TRP index).

[0273] In the example, the selected TCI state can indicate the selected reference signal (e.g., CSI-RS, SSB / PBCH block, SRS, DM-RS). The selected TCI state can include the selected reference signal index (e.g., provided by higher-level parameters referenceSignal, ssb-index, csi-RS-Index, NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceId), which identifies (or indicates) the selected reference signal. One or more configuration parameters can indicate the selected reference signal index used for the selected reference signal.

[0274] In the example, the selected TCI state can indicate the selected quasi-communicating type of the selected reference signal. For example, the selected quasi-communicating type could be QCL-Type D.

[0275] In the example, a wireless device can monitor the downlink control channel (DCI) of a selected coreset based on a selected TCI state. For example, in response to receiving an activation command that activates / selects / indicates the selected TCI state of a selected coreset, the wireless device can monitor the downlink control channel of the DCI in the selected coreset based on the selected TCI state. Monitoring the downlink control channel in the selected coreset based on the selected TCI state may include one or more DM-RS antenna ports (e.g., PDCCH) of the downlink control channel in the selected coreset being quasi-co-located with a selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state. One or more DM-RS antenna ports of the downlink control channel (e.g., PDCCH) in the selected coreset may be quasi-co-located with a selected reference signal relative to the selected quasi-co-location type indicated by the selected TCI state. In the example, the wireless device can receive the DCI in the selected coreset. For example, the wireless device can receive the DCI in the selected coreset while monitoring the downlink control channel in the selected coreset.

[0276] In the example, a wireless device can receive a transport block (e.g., PDSCH) via DCI scheduling through the cell's (active) downlink BWP. The DCI may include a TCI field indicating a selected TCI state among one or more TCI states. The wireless device can receive the transport block based on the selected TCI state indicated by the TCI field. Receiving the transport block based on the selected TCI state may include one or more DM-RS antenna ports of the transport block being quasi-co-located with a selected reference signal quasi-co-located relative to the selected TCI state. The one or more DM-RS antenna ports of the transport block may be quasi-co-located with the selected reference signal quasi-co-located relative to the selected quasi-co-located type.

[0277] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on a selected reference signal of the selected TCI state (e.g., in...). Figure 17 (Time T2 in the middle).

[0278] In the example, uplink semaphores can be SRS. Uplink resources can be SRS resources. One or more SRS resources can include SRS resources.

[0279] In this example, the uplink signal can be an uplink control information (UCI). The uplink resource can be a PUCCH resource. One or more PUCCH resources can include PUCCH resources. In this example, the UCI can be a scheduling request (SR). In this example, the UCI can be a CSI report. In this example, the UCI can be a HARQ ACK.

[0280] In the example, the wireless device uses uplink resources to... Figure 17 The uplink signal is transmitted using the transmission power at time T2. In the example, the wireless device can transmit the uplink signal via uplink resources at a transmission power based on a determined / calculated / computed transmission power.

[0281] In the example, determining / calculating / computing the transmission power based on the selected reference signal may include determining / calculating / computing a downlink path loss estimate based on the selected reference signal (e.g., L1-RSRP or a higher filtered RSRP). The wireless device can use the downlink path loss estimate to determine / calculate / compute the transmission power used to transmit uplink signals via uplink resources. The transmission power may include the downlink path loss estimate. In the example, the wireless device may determine / calculate / compute a higher filtered RSRP (e.g., L3-RSRP) value for the selected reference signal against the downlink path loss estimate (or path loss measurement). The wireless device may determine / calculate / compute the higher filtered RSRP used to transmit uplink signals via uplink resources.

[0282] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state of the selected coreset, in response to the selected coreset index being the lowest (or highest) among multiple coreset indices.

[0283] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state in one or more TCI states, in response to the selected TCI state index being the lowest (or highest) among one or more TCI state indices.

[0284] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on a selected reference signal of a selected TCI state in one or more TCI states, in response to one or more configuration parameters that do not indicate at least one coreset of the cell.

[0285] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can, in response to a UE capability information indication that it supports beam correspondence in the absence of uplink beam scanning, determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state.

[0286] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may, in response to one or more configuration parameters including enable parameters, determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on a selected reference signal of a selected TCI state.

[0287] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine / calculate the transmission power based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state in response to the absence of at least one path loss reference RS.

[0288] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state in response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating at least one path loss reference RS.

[0289] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine / calculate the transmission power based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state in response to the absence of an activation command indicating at least one path loss reference RS (e.g., SRS path loss reference RS activation / deactivation MAC CE).

[0290] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state in response to the lack of spatial relation to the uplink resources.

[0291] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on a selected reference signal of the selected TCI state in response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating the spatial relationship of the uplink resources.

[0292] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine / calculate the transmission power based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state in response to the absence of an activation command indicating the spatial relationship of the uplink resources (e.g., AP / SP SRS activation / deactivation MAC CE, PUCCH spatial relationship activation / deactivation MAC CE).

[0293] In the example, the selected reference signal can be periodic. The selected reference signal can be a periodic signal with a selected period (e.g., 2 time slots, 5 time slots, 10 time slots, 2 symbols, 5 symbols, etc.). Based on the periodicity of the selected reference signal, the wireless device can periodically measure, for example, the L1-RSRP and L3-RSRP of the selected reference signal. One or more configuration parameters can indicate the selected period.

[0294] In the example, spatial relationship information can provide / indicate the spatial setup for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources.

[0295] In the example, the wireless device can use the selected TCI state as spatial relational information for uplink resources. In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine the spatial domain transmission filter (e.g., in...) based on a selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state. Figure 17 (Time T2 in the middle).

[0296] In the example, the wireless device uses uplink resources in... Figure 17 In the example, time T2 uses a spatial domain transmission filter to transmit uplink signals. The wireless device can use this spatial domain transmission filter to transmit uplink signals via uplink resources, based on a determined spatial domain transmission filter.

[0297] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state of the selected coreset in response to the selected coreset index being the lowest (or highest) among multiple coreset indices.

[0298] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state among one or more TCI states, in response to the selected TCI state index being the lowest (or highest) among one or more TCI state indices.

[0299] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on a selected reference signal indicated by a selected TCI state from one or more TCI states in response to at least one coreset of a cell not indicated by one or more configuration parameters.

[0300] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can, in response to a UE capability information indication that it supports beam correspondence in the absence of uplink beam scanning, determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state.

[0301] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may, in response to one or more configuration parameters including an enable parameter, determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on a selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state.

[0302] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state in response to the absence of at least one path loss reference RS.

[0303] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state in response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating at least one path loss reference RS.

[0304] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may, in response to not receiving an activation command indicating at least one path loss reference RS (e.g., SRS path loss reference RS activation / deactivation MAC CE), determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state.

[0305] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state in response to the lack of spatial relation provided by the uplink resources.

[0306] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state in response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating the spatial relationship of the uplink resources.

[0307] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may, in response to not receiving an activation command indicating the spatial relation of the uplink resources (e.g., AP / SP SRS activation / deactivation MAC CE, PUCCH spatial relation activation / deactivation MAC CE), determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state.

[0308] In the example, the selected reference signal can be a downlink reference signal. The downlink reference signal can include an SS / PBCH block. The downlink reference signal can include CSI-RS (e.g., periodic CSI-RS, semi-persistent CSI-RS, aperiodic CSI-RS). The downlink reference signal can include DM-RS (e.g., DM-RS of PDCCH, PDSCH, etc.). In the example, the wireless device can use a spatial domain receive filter to receive the downlink reference signal. In the example, based on the selected reference signal being a downlink reference signal, the wireless device can transmit uplink signals via uplink resources using the same spatial domain transmission filter as the spatial domain receive filter. In the example, based on the selected reference signal being a downlink reference signal, the wireless device can transmit uplink signals via uplink resources using a spatial domain receive filter. In the example, based on the selected reference signal being a downlink reference signal, the wireless device can transmit uplink signals via uplink resources using an uplink resource based on a spatial domain receive filter.

[0309] In the example, the selected reference signal can be an uplink reference signal (e.g., periodic SRS, semi-persistent SRS, aperiodic SRS, DM-RS). In the example, the wireless device can use a spatial domain transmission filter to transmit the uplink reference signal. In the example, based on the selected reference signal being an uplink reference signal, the wireless device can transmit the uplink signal via uplink resources using the same spatial domain transmission filter used to transmit the uplink reference signal. In the example, based on the selected reference signal being an uplink reference signal, the wireless device can transmit the uplink signal via uplink resources based on the spatial domain transmission filter used to transmit the uplink reference signal.

[0310] Figure 18 and Figure 19 This is an example of beam management according to one aspect of the implementation of this disclosure.

[0311] In the example, Figure 18 and Figure 19 At time T0, the wireless device receives one or more messages including one or more configuration parameters.

[0312] In the example, the wireless device may be equipped with multiple antenna panels.

[0313] In the example, multiple antenna panels can be identified / indicated by multiple antenna panel indices. Each antenna panel in the multiple antenna panels can be identified by a corresponding antenna panel index in the multiple antenna panel indices. In the example, the first antenna panel in the multiple antenna panels (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 19Panel 1) can be identified / indicated by the first antenna panel index in a plurality of antenna panel indices. The second antenna panel in a plurality of antenna panels (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 19 Panel 2) can be identified / indicated by the second antenna panel index among multiple antenna panel indices. The third antenna panel among multiple antenna panels (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 19 Panel 3) can be identified / indicated by the third antenna panel index among multiple antenna panel indices.

[0314] In the example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate multiple antenna panel indices for multiple antenna panels. The multiple antenna panels identified by the multiple antenna panel indices may include one or more configuration parameters indicating the multiple antenna panel indices for the multiple antenna panels. For example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate a first antenna panel index for a first antenna panel. One or more configuration parameters may indicate a second antenna panel index for a second antenna panel. One or more configuration parameters may indicate a third antenna panel index for a third antenna panel.

[0315] In the example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) resource sets (e.g., provided by the higher-level parameter SRS-ResourceSet). One or more SRS resource sets may include SRS resource sets. In the example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate an SRS resource set index for one or more SRS resource sets (e.g., provided by the higher-level parameter SRS-ResourceSetId). In the example, each SRS resource set in one or more SRS resource sets may be identified by a corresponding SRS resource set index in the SRS resource set index. In the example, a first SRS resource set in one or more SRS resource sets may be identified by a first SRS resource set index in the SRS resource set index. In the example, a second SRS resource set in one or more SRS resource sets may be identified by a second SRS resource set index in the SRS resource set index.

[0316] In the example, a wireless device can transmit first SRS using a first antenna panel among a plurality of antenna panels via SRS resources of a first SRS resource set in one or more SRS resource sets. The wireless device can transmit second SRS using a second antenna panel among a plurality of antenna panels via SRS resources of a second SRS resource set in one or more SRS resource sets. In the example, each SRS resource set in one or more SRS resource sets can be associated with a corresponding antenna panel among the plurality of antenna panels. In the example, a first SRS resource set index can identify a first antenna panel. A second SRS resource set index can identify a second antenna panel. In the example, the first antenna panel index and the first SRS resource set index can be the same. The second antenna panel index and the second SRS resource set index can be the same. In the example, each antenna panel among the plurality of antenna panels can be identified by a corresponding SRS resource set index in the SRS resource set index. In the example, based on transmitting first SRS using a first antenna panel, the first antenna panel index can be equal to the first SRS resource set index. Based on transmitting second SRS using a second antenna panel, the second antenna panel index can be equal to the second SRS resource set index.

[0317] In the example, the multiple antenna panels identified by multiple antenna panel indices may include one or more configuration parameters that indicate the SRS resource set index as multiple antenna panel indices for the multiple antenna panels.

[0318] In the example, multiple coresets (e.g., Figure 18 Coreset-0, Coreset-1, Coreset-2, and Coreset-3 can be associated with multiple antenna panels. In the example, each coreset in the multiple coresets can be associated with a corresponding antenna panel in the multiple antenna panels. In the example, the first coreset in the multiple coresets (e.g., Figure 18 Coreset0 in the middle can be used with the first antenna panel in a plurality of antenna panels (e.g., Figure 18 Panel 1 in the middle is associated with it. The second coreset in multiple coresets (e.g., Figure 18 Coreset 1 in the middle can be used with the second antenna panel in multiple antenna panels (e.g., Figure 18 Panel 3) is associated with it. A third coreset (e.g., in a set of multiple coresets) is also associated with it. Figure 18 Coreset 2) can be used with a third antenna panel in a multi-antenna panel configuration (e.g., Figure 18 The fourth coreset in multiple coresets (e.g., panel 2) is associated with this. Figure 18Coreset 3 in the middle) can be used with a fourth antenna panel in multiple antenna panels (e.g., Figure 18 Panel 1) is associated with the core. For example, one antenna panel in a plurality of antenna panels can be associated with at least two coresets in a plurality of coresets. For example, in Figure 18 In the first coreset, the first antenna panel (panel-1) and the fourth antenna panel (panel-1) of the fourth coreset are the same.

[0319] In the example, one or more configuration parameters can indicate multiple antenna panel indices for multiple coresets. In the example, each coreset in the multiple coresets can be indexed by multiple antenna panels (e.g., Figure 18 The corresponding antenna panel index in panels 1, 2, and 3 is used to indicate (or associate with) this. In the example, the first coreset (e.g., Figure 18 Coreset 0 in the image can be identified / indicated by the first antenna panel (e.g., ...). Figure 18 The first antenna panel index of panel 1) is used to indicate (or associate with) it. For the first coreset, one or more configuration parameters can indicate the first antenna panel index that identifies / indicates the first antenna panel. The second coreset (e.g., Figure 18 Coreset 1 in the middle can be identified / indicated by the second antenna panel (e.g., Figure 18 The second antenna panel index of panel 3) is used to indicate (or associate with) the second antenna panel. For the second coreset, one or more configuration parameters can indicate the second antenna panel index that identifies / indicates the second antenna panel. The third coreset (e.g., Figure 18 Coreset 2 in the middle) can be identified / indicated by a third antenna panel (e.g., Figure 18 The third antenna panel index of panel 2) is used to indicate (or associate with) it. For the third coreset, one or more configuration parameters can indicate the third antenna panel index that identifies the third antenna panel. The fourth coreset (e.g., Figure 18 Coreset3 in the image can be identified / indicated by a fourth antenna panel (e.g., ...). Figure 18 The fourth antenna panel index of panel 1) is used to indicate (or associate with) it. For the fourth coreset, one or more configuration parameters can indicate the fourth antenna panel index that identifies the fourth antenna panel.

[0320] In the example, associating multiple coresets with multiple antenna panels can include one or more configuration parameters indicating multiple antenna panel indices that identify / indicate multiple antenna panels for the multiple coresets. For example, associating a coreset among multiple coresets with an antenna panel among multiple antenna panels can include one or more configuration parameters indicating the antenna panel index of the antenna panel that indicates the coreset among the multiple antenna panel indices. For example, in Figure 18 In this configuration, the first coreset (Coreset-0) is associated with the first antenna panel (Panel 1), the second coreset (Coreset-1) is associated with the second antenna panel (Panel 3), the third coreset (Coreset-2) is associated with the third antenna panel (Panel 2), and the fourth coreset (Coreset-3) is associated with the fourth antenna panel (Panel 1).

[0321] In the example, the wireless device can receive one or more activation commands that activate / select / indicate one or more TCI states of multiple coresets (e.g., TCI state indication for a UE-specific PDCCH MAC CE) (e.g., in... Figure 18 (Time T1 in the table). Multiple TCI states (e.g., provided by higher-level parameters tci-StatesPDCCH-ToAddList, e.g., ... Figure 18 The TCI-states (TCI-state-0, TCI-state-1, ..., TCI-state-127) can include one or more TCI states. Each activation command in one or more activation commands can activate / select / indicate the corresponding TCI state in one of the multiple coresets. For example, the first activation command in one or more activation commands can be for the first coreset in the multiple coresets (e.g., ...). Figure 18 Coreset-0 in the coreset activates / selects / indicates the first TCI state in one or more TCI states (e.g., Coreset-0 in the coreset activates / selects / indicates the first TCI state in one or more TCI states). Figure 18 (TCI state 5 in the context of TCI). A second activation command in one or more activation commands can target a second coreset in multiple coresets (e.g., ...). Figure 18 Coreset-1 in the middle) activates / selects / indicates the second TCI state in one or more TCI states (e.g., Figure 18 (TCI state 8 in the context of TCI). A third activation command in one or more activation commands can target a third coreset in multiple coresets (e.g., Figure 18 Coreset-2 in the coreset activates / selects / indicates a third TCI state in one or more TCI states (e.g., Coreset-2 in the core ... Figure 18(TCI state 1 in the context of TCI). A fourth activation command in one or more activation commands can target a fourth coreset in multiple coresets (e.g., ...). Figure 18 Coreset-3 in the coreset activates / selects / indicates the fourth TCI state in one or more TCI states (e.g., Coreset-3 in the core ... Figure 18 TCI state 4 in the middle.

[0322] In the example, the wireless device can monitor the downlink control channel in multiple coresets for the DCI based on one or more TCI states. The wireless device can also monitor the downlink control channel in each of the multiple coresets for the DCI based on the corresponding TCI state in one or more TCI states. For example, the wireless device can monitor the downlink control channel in the DCI based on a first TCI state (e.g., Figure 18 TCI state 5) Monitor the first coreset (e.g., Figure 18 The downlink control channel in Coreset-0. Wireless devices can target the DCI based on the second TCI state (e.g., ...). Figure 18 TCI state 8) monitors the second coreset (e.g., Figure 18 The downlink control channel in Coreset-1. Wireless devices can target DCI based on the third TCI state (e.g., ...). Figure 18 TCI status 1) Monitor the third coreset (e.g., Figure 18 The downlink control channel in Coreset-2. Wireless devices can target the DCI based on the fourth TCI state (e.g., ...). Figure 18 TCI state 4) Monitor the fourth coreset (e.g., Figure 18 The downlink control channel in Coreset-3.

[0323] In the example, monitoring the downlink control channel in the coreset based on the TCI state for DCI may include one or more DM-RS antenna ports (e.g., PDCCH) of the downlink control channel in the coreset quasi-co-located with the reference signal indicated by the TCI state.

[0324] In the example, one or more configuration parameters may not indicate at least one coreset of the cell. One or more configuration parameters may not indicate at least one coreset of the cell's (active) downlink BWP. In the example, the cell's (active) downlink BWP may not include at least one coreset. In the example, the cell may be a scheduled cell.

[0325] In the example, one or more configuration parameters can indicate multiple TCI states (e.g., provided by the higher-level parameter tci-StatesToAddModList in PDSCH-Config). Multiple TCI states can be used to decode the PDSCH for cell scheduling. Multiple TCI states (e.g., Figure 19 The TCI-state-0, TCI-state-1, ..., TCI-state-127 in the table can be used to decode the PDSCH for the (active) downlink BWP scheduling of a cell.

[0326] In the example, Figure 19 At time T1, the radio device receives an activation command indicating / activating one or more TCI states among multiple TCI states (e.g., TCI state activation / deactivation for a UE-specific PDSCH MAC CE). One or more TCI states can be active (or applicable). One or more TCI states can be applicable to receiving PDSCH in the (active) downlink BWP. One or more active (or applicable) TCI states can include receiving the PDSCH of the (active) downlink BWP of the cell based on one or more TCI states. In the example, the radio device can receive a DCI-scheduled reception of a transport block (e.g., PDSCH) via the (active) downlink BWP of the cell. The DCI can include a TCI field indicating one or more TCI states. The DCI may not include a TCI field indicating TCI states not included / included / included by one or more TCI states. The radio device can receive the transport block based on the TCI state indicated by the TCI field. Receiving the transport block based on the TCI state can include one or more DM-RS antenna ports of the transport block being quasi-co-located with a reference signal indicated by the TCI state. The TCI status can indicate the quasi-co-address type (e.g., QCL type D, QCL type A, QCL type C, etc.). Regarding the quasi-co-address type, one or more DM-RS antenna ports of the transport block can be quasi-co-addressed with the reference signal.

[0327] In the example, an activation command indicating / activating one or more TCI states among multiple TCI states (e.g., TCI state activation / deactivation for a UE-specific PDSCH MAC CE) may include one or more activation commands indicating / activating one or more TCI states. A first activation command among the one or more activation commands may indicate / activate one or more first TCI states among the one or more TCI states. A second activation command among the one or more activation commands may indicate / activate one or more second TCI states among the one or more TCI states. The one or more TCI states may include one or more first TCI states and one or more second TCI states.

[0328] In the example, one or more configuration parameters can indicate the TCI state index of multiple TCI states (e.g., provided by the higher-level parameter TCI-StateId). In the example, each TCI state among the multiple TCI states can be identified / indicated by the corresponding TCI state index in the TCI state index. In the example, the first TCI state (e.g., Figure 19 The TCI-state (5) in the TCI-state index can be identified by the first TCI-state index in the TCI-state index. The second TCI-state (e.g., Figure 19 The TCI-state (-8) in the TCI-state index can be identified by the second TCI-state index in the TCI-state index. The third TCI-state (e.g., Figure 19 The TCI-state-1 in the TCI-state index can be identified by the third TCI-state index in the TCI-state index. The fourth TCI-state (e.g., Figure 19 The TCI-state-4 in the TCI-state index can be identified by the fourth TCI-state index in the TCI-state index.

[0329] In the example, an activation command indicating / activating one or more TCI states may include one or more fields. The first field of the one or more fields may include one or more TCI state indices for the one or more TCI states.

[0330] In the example, the second field of one or more fields may indicate / include the serving cell index of the cell (e.g., provided by the higher-level parameter ServCellIndex). One or more configuration parameters may indicate the serving cell index used for the cell. The third field of one or more fields may indicate / include the downlink BWP index of the downlink BWP. One or more configuration parameters may indicate the downlink BWP index used for the downlink BWP. The fourth field of one or more fields may include the coreset pool index (e.g., the TRP index).

[0331] In the example, when the coreset pool index equals the first value (e.g., CoresetPool-ID = 0), the activation command can indicate / activate one or more first TCI states. When the coreset pool index equals the second value (e.g., CoresetPool-ID = 1), the activation command can indicate / activate one or more second TCI states.

[0332] In the example, based on one or more configuration parameters indicating at least two coreset pool indexes, the activation command may include a fourth field indicating the coreset pool. This fourth field includes the coreset pool index.

[0333] In the example, the activation command can indicate a coreset pool. The activation command indicating a coreset pool may include one or more fields in the activation command, including the coreset pool index (CoresetPool-ID) indicating the coreset pool. The coreset pool index indicating (or belonging to) the coreset pool may include one or more coresets that have the coreset pool index. One or more configuration parameters may indicate the coreset pool index used for one or more coresets in the coreset pool. The fields of the activation command may include the coreset pool index.

[0334] In the example, one or more configuration parameters can indicate multiple antenna panel indices for one or more TCI states. One or more TCI states can include multiple antenna panel indices identifying / indicating multiple antenna panels. Each of the one or more TCI states can include a corresponding antenna panel index among the multiple antenna panel indices. Each of the one or more TCI states can be associated with a corresponding antenna panel among the multiple antenna panels identified / indicated by the multiple antenna panel indices. In the example, the first TCI state (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 19 The TCI-Status-5 in the data may include an identifier / indicator for the first antenna panel (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 19 The first antenna panel index of panel 1). One or more configuration parameters can indicate the first antenna panel index of the first TCI state. The first TCI state can be associated with the first antenna panel. The second TCI state (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 19 The TCI-Status-8 in the code may include an identifier / indicator for the second antenna panel (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 19 The second antenna panel index (panel 3) in the diagram. One or more configuration parameters can indicate the second antenna panel index for the second TCI state. The second TCI state can be associated with the second antenna panel. The third TCI state (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 19 The TCI-Status-1 in the data may include an identifier / indicator for the third antenna panel (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 19 The third antenna panel index of panel 2). One or more configuration parameters can indicate the third antenna panel index of the third TCI state. The third TCI state can be associated with the third antenna panel. The fourth TCI state (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 19The TCI-Status-4 in the data may include an identifier / indicator for the fourth antenna panel (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 19 The fourth antenna panel index of panel 1). One or more configuration parameters can indicate the fourth antenna panel index of the fourth TCI state. The fourth TCI state can be associated with the fourth antenna panel.

[0335] In the example, one or more TCI states can be associated with multiple antenna panels. Each of the one or more TCI states can be associated with a corresponding antenna panel among the multiple antenna panels. For example, associating one or more TCI states with one antenna panel among multiple antenna panels may include one or more configuration parameters indicating an antenna panel index in the multiple antenna panel indices for the TCI state. For example, in Figure 18 and Figure 19 In this configuration, the first TCI state (TCI-state-5) is associated with the first antenna panel (panel 1), the second TCI state (TCI-state-8) is associated with the second antenna panel (panel 3), the third TCI state (TCI-state-1) is associated with the third antenna panel (panel 2), and the fourth TCI state (TCI-state-4) is associated with the fourth antenna panel (panel 1).

[0336] In the example, associating multiple coresets with multiple antenna panels can include one or more configuration parameters indicating multiple antenna panel indices for one or more TCI states of the multiple coresets. For example, associating a coreset among multiple coresets with an antenna panel among multiple antenna panels can include one or more configuration parameters indicating one antenna panel index among multiple antenna panel indices for the TCI state of the coreset. One or more TCI states can include TCI states. For example, in Figure 18In this configuration, a first coreset (Coreset-0) is associated with a first antenna panel (Panel 1) based on one or more configuration parameters, wherein the one or more configuration parameters pertain to a first TCI status indicator of the first coreset / indicating the first antenna panel index of the first antenna panel. A second coreset (Coreset-1) is associated with a second antenna panel (Panel 3) based on one or more configuration parameters, wherein the one or more configuration parameters pertain to a second TCI status indicator of the second coreset / indicating the second antenna panel index of the second antenna panel. A third coreset (Coreset-2) is associated with a third antenna panel (Panel 2) based on one or more configuration parameters, wherein the one or more configuration parameters pertain to a third TCI status indicator of the third coreset / indicating the third antenna panel index of the third antenna panel. A fourth coreset (Coreset-3) is associated with a fourth antenna panel (Panel 1) based on one or more configuration parameters, wherein the one or more configuration parameters pertain to a fourth TCI status indicator of the fourth coreset / indicating the fourth antenna panel index of the fourth antenna panel.

[0337] In the example, the wireless device can receive one or more TCI states via multiple antenna panels. The wireless device can receive each of the one or more TCI states via a corresponding antenna panel among the multiple antenna panels. For example, in... Figure 18 and Figure 19 In this example, the wireless device can receive a first TCI state via a first antenna panel, a second TCI state via a second antenna panel, a third TCI state via a third antenna panel, and a fourth TCI state via a fourth antenna panel. For example, associating one or more TCI states with antenna panels among multiple antenna panels can include receiving the TCI state via an antenna panel. Receiving one or more TCI states via an antenna panel among multiple antenna panels can include receiving a reference signal indicated by the TCI state via an antenna panel. In this example, the wireless device can transmit reports indicating the reference signal and antenna panels (e.g., beam reports, beam management reports, CSI reports, channel reports). The wireless device can receive the reference signal in the report using an antenna panel in the report. For example, the report can be periodic. The wireless device can transmit the report via an uplink channel (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH). In this example, the quality of the reference signal (e.g., RSRP, SINR, SNR) received via an antenna panel can be highest / best / good. The quality of the reference signal received via the antenna panel can be the highest / best / good among the received signals received via multiple antenna panels.

[0338] In the example, associating multiple coresets with multiple antenna panels may include receiving one or more TCI states of the multiple coresets via the multiple antenna panels. For example, associating a coreset among multiple coresets with an antenna panel among multiple antenna panels may include receiving the TCI states of the coresets via the antenna panels. One or more TCI states may include TCI states. For example, in Figure 18 In this configuration, based on the first TCI state of the first coreset received via the first antenna panel, the first coreset (Coreset-0) is associated with the first antenna panel (panel 1). Based on the second TCI state of the second coreset received via the second antenna panel, the second coreset (Coreset-1) is associated with the second antenna panel (panel 3). Based on the third TCI state of the third coreset received via the third antenna panel, the third coreset (Coreset-2) is associated with the third antenna panel (panel 2). Based on the fourth TCI state of the fourth coreset received via the fourth antenna panel, the fourth coreset (Coreset-3) is associated with the fourth antenna panel (panel 1).

[0339] In the example, one or more TCI states can indicate one or more reference signals (e.g., CSI-RS, SSB / PBCH block, SRS, DM-RS). Each of the one or more TCI states can indicate a corresponding reference signal among the one or more reference signals. One or more configuration parameters can indicate one or more reference signals of the one or more TCI states. One or more TCI states can include one or more reference signal indices indicating one or more reference signals (e.g., provided by higher-level parameters referenceSignal, ssb-index, csi-RS-Index, NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceId). Each of the one or more TCI states can include a corresponding reference signal index among the one or more reference signal indices, which indicate / identify a reference signal among the one or more reference signals. In the example, the first TCI state (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 19 The TCI-state (5) in the configuration can indicate a first reference signal among one or more reference signals. The first TCI state can include a first reference signal index that indicates / identifies the first reference signal. One or more configuration parameters can indicate the first reference signal index of the first reference signal. The second TCI state (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 19The TCI-state (8) in the configuration can indicate a second reference signal among one or more reference signals. The second TCI state can include a second reference signal index that indicates / identifies the second reference signal. One or more configuration parameters can indicate the second reference signal index of the second reference signal. A third TCI state (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 19 The TCI-state-1 in the configuration can indicate a third reference signal among one or more reference signals. The third TCI state can include a third reference signal index that indicates / identifies the third reference signal. One or more configuration parameters can indicate the third reference signal index. A fourth TCI state (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 19 The TCI-state-4 in the configuration can indicate the fourth reference signal among one or more reference signals. The fourth TCI state can include the fourth reference signal index that indicates / identifies the fourth reference signal. One or more configuration parameters can indicate the fourth reference signal index of the fourth reference signal.

[0340] In the example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate multiple antenna panel indices for one or more reference signals. One or more configuration parameters may indicate a corresponding antenna panel index among the multiple antenna panel indices for each of the one or more reference signals. One or more reference signals may include multiple antenna panel indices identifying / indicating multiple antenna panels. Each of the one or more reference signals may include a corresponding antenna panel index among the multiple antenna panel indices. Each of the one or more reference signals may be associated with multiple antenna panels (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 19 The wireless device is associated with the corresponding antenna panels in panels 1, 2, and 3 of the array. The wireless device can receive one or more reference signals, for example, via multiple antenna panels. The wireless device can receive each of the one or more reference signals via a corresponding antenna panel in the multiple antenna panels. In the example, the first TCI state (e.g., ...) Figure 18 and Figure 19 The first reference signal indicated by TCI-Status-5 in the data may include identifying / indicating the first antenna panel (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 19 The first antenna panel index of panel 1). One or more configuration parameters can indicate the first antenna panel index used for the first reference signal. The first reference signal can be associated with the first antenna panel. The wireless device can receive the first reference signal using the first antenna panel. Determined by the second TCI state (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 19 The second reference signal indicated by TCI-Status-8 in the diagram may include an identifier / indicator for the second antenna panel (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 19 The second antenna panel index (panel 3) is specified in the configuration parameters. One or more configuration parameters can indicate the second antenna panel index used for the second reference signal. The second reference signal can be associated with the second antenna panel. The wireless device can receive the second reference signal using the second antenna panel. This is determined by the third TCI state (e.g., ...). Figure 18 and Figure 19 The third reference signal indicated by TCI-Status-1 in the data may include identifying / indicating the third antenna panel (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 19 The third antenna panel index (of panel 2) is specified. One or more configuration parameters can indicate the third antenna panel index used for the third reference signal. The third reference signal can be associated with a third antenna panel. The wireless device can receive the third reference signal using the third antenna panel. This is determined by the fourth TCI state (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 19 The fourth reference signal indicated by TCI-Status-4 in the data may include identifying / indicating the fourth antenna panel (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 19 The fourth antenna panel index is specified in panel 1). One or more configuration parameters can indicate the fourth antenna panel index used for the fourth reference signal. The fourth reference signal can be associated with the fourth antenna panel. Wireless devices can use the fourth antenna panel to receive the fourth reference signal.

[0341] In the example, one or more reference signals can be associated with multiple antenna panels. Each of the one or more reference signals can be associated with a corresponding antenna panel among the multiple antenna panels. For example, associating one or more reference signals with an antenna panel among the multiple antenna panels may include one or more configuration parameters indicating the antenna panel index that identifies / indicates the antenna panel in the multiple antenna panel indices. For example, in Figure 18 and Figure 19 In this configuration, the first reference signal is associated with the first antenna panel (panel 1), the second reference signal is associated with the second antenna panel (panel 3), the third reference signal is associated with the third antenna panel (panel 2), and the fourth reference signal is associated with the fourth antenna panel (panel 1).

[0342] In the example, associating multiple coresets with multiple antenna panels may include one or more configuration parameters indicating the multiple antenna panel indices for one or more reference signals, as indicated by one or more TCI states of the multiple coresets. For example, associating a coreset with one antenna panel from the multiple antenna panels may include one or more configuration parameters indicating the antenna panel index identifying the antenna panel for the reference signal indicated by the TCI state of the coreset. One or more reference signals may include reference signals. One or more TCI states may include TCI states. For example, in Figure 18 In this configuration, a first coreset (Coreset-0) is associated with a first antenna panel (Panel 1) based on one or more configuration parameters, wherein the one or more configuration parameters pertain to a first reference signal indication identifier / indicator of the first antenna panel indicated by a first TCI state of the first coreset. A second coreset (Coreset-1) is associated with a second antenna panel (Panel 3) based on one or more configuration parameters, wherein the one or more configuration parameters pertain to a second reference signal indication identifier / indicator of the second antenna panel indicated by a second TCI state of the second coreset. A third coreset (Coreset-2) is associated with a third antenna panel (Panel 2) based on one or more configuration parameters, wherein the one or more configuration parameters pertain to a third reference signal indication identifier / indicator of the third antenna panel indicated by a third TCI state of the third coreset. A fourth coreset (Coreset-3) is associated with a fourth antenna panel (Panel 1) based on one or more configuration parameters, wherein the one or more configuration parameters pertain to a fourth reference signal indication identifier / indicator of the fourth antenna panel indicated by a fourth TCI state of the fourth coreset.

[0343] In the example, the wireless device can receive one or more reference signals via multiple antenna panels. The wireless device can receive each of the one or more reference signals via a respective antenna panel among the multiple antenna panels. For example, in... Figure 18 and Figure 19 In this process, the wireless device can receive a first reference signal via a first antenna panel, a second reference signal via a second antenna panel, a third reference signal via a third antenna panel, and a fourth reference signal via a fourth antenna panel.

[0344] In the example, associating multiple coresets with multiple antenna panels may include receiving one or more reference signals indicated by one or more TCI states of the multiple coresets via the multiple antenna panels. For example, associating a coreset among multiple coresets with an antenna panel among multiple antenna panels may include receiving reference signals indicated by the TCI states of the coresets via the antenna panels. One or more reference signals may include reference signals. One or more TCI states may include TCI states. For example, in Figure 18 In this configuration, based on a first reference signal received via the first antenna panel indicating a first TCI state of the first coreset, the first coreset (Coreset-0) is associated with the first antenna panel (panel 1). Based on a second reference signal received via the second antenna panel indicating a second TCI state of the second coreset, the second coreset (Coreset-1) is associated with the second antenna panel (panel 3). Based on a third reference signal received via the third antenna panel indicating a third TCI state of the third coreset, the third coreset (Coreset-2) is associated with the third antenna panel (panel 2). Based on a fourth reference signal received via the fourth antenna panel indicating a fourth TCI state of the fourth coreset, the fourth coreset (Coreset-3) is associated with the fourth antenna panel (panel 1).

[0345] In the example, one or more TCI states can be associated with multiple antenna panels. Each of the one or more TCI states can be associated with a corresponding antenna panel among the multiple antenna panels. For example, associating one or more TCI states with an antenna panel among the multiple antenna panels may include one or more configuration parameters indicating the antenna panel index that identifies / indicates the antenna panel in the multiple antenna panel indices for a reference signal indicated by the TCI state. For example, in Figure 18 and Figure 19In this context, based on one or more configuration parameters indicating the first antenna panel index for the first reference signal as indicated by the first TCI state, the first TCI state (TCI-state-5) is associated with the first antenna panel (panel 1). Based on one or more configuration parameters indicating the second antenna panel index for the second reference signal as indicated by the second TCI state, the second TCI state (TCI-state-8) is associated with the second antenna panel (panel 3). Based on one or more configuration parameters indicating the third antenna panel index for the third reference signal as indicated by the third TCI state, the third TCI state (TCI-state-1) is associated with the third antenna panel (panel 2). Based on one or more configuration parameters indicating the fourth antenna panel index for the fourth reference signal as indicated by the fourth TCI state, the fourth TCI state (TCI-state-4) is associated with the fourth antenna panel (panel 1).

[0346] In the example, the uplink resource can be shared with the first antenna panel in a plurality of antenna panels (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 19 The first antenna panel is associated with panel 1 in the table. The first antenna panel can be identified / indicated by the first antenna panel index in a plurality of panel indices.

[0347] For example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate the first antenna panel. One or more configuration parameters may indicate the index of the first antenna panel used for uplink resources. Associating uplink resources with the first antenna panel may include one or more configuration parameters indicating the index of the first antenna panel used for uplink resources.

[0348] Wireless devices may transmit uplink signals (e.g., SRS, PUSCH, PUCCH, UCI) via uplink resources using a first antenna panel. The association of uplink resources with a first antenna panel may include transmitting uplink signals via the uplink resources using the first antenna panel.

[0349] In this example, the SRS resource set may include uplink resources. The SRS resource set may be associated with a first antenna panel. The uplink resources associated with the first antenna panel may include the SRS resource set, which includes the uplink resources associated with the first antenna panel.

[0350] For example, a wireless device can receive activation commands (e.g., AP / SP SRS activation / deactivation MAC CE, PUCCH spatial relationship activation / deactivation MAC CE) that indicate / activate the spatial relationships of uplink resources (e.g., uplink TCI status, spatial relationship information). The spatial relationships may indicate a first antenna panel. For example, the spatial relationships may include a first antenna panel index indicating / identifying the first antenna panel. One or more configuration parameters may indicate the first antenna panel index used for spatial relationships. Associating uplink resources with a first antenna panel may include indicating the spatial relationships of the uplink resources with the first antenna panel.

[0351] In the example, spatial relationships can indicate a reference signal. The reference signal can indicate a first antenna panel. For example, the reference signal may include a first antenna panel index that indicates / identifies the first antenna panel. One or more configuration parameters can indicate the first antenna panel index used for the reference signal. Uplink resources associated with the first antenna panel can include a reference signal that indicates the spatial relationships of the uplink resources of the first antenna panel.

[0352] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine / calculate / compute the transmission power (e.g., in...). Figure 18 (Time T2 in the original text). The wireless device can determine / calculate / compute the transmitted power based on a selected reference signal indicated by a selected TCI state of a selected coreset out of multiple coresets. One or more reference signals may include the selected reference signal. One or more TCI states may include the selected TCI state.

[0353] In the example, the wireless device can determine / select a coreset from multiple coresets. Determining / calculating the transmission power based on a selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state of the selected coreset can be in response to determining / selecting the selected coreset.

[0354] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine / calculate / compute the transmission power (e.g., in...). Figure 19 (Time T2 in the TCI). The wireless device can determine / calculate / compute the transmitted power based on a selected reference signal indicated by a selected TCI state in one or more TCI states. The one or more reference signals may include the selected reference signal.

[0355] In the example, the wireless device can determine / select a chosen TCI state from one or more TCI states. Determining / calculating the transmission power based on a selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state can be in response to determining / selecting the chosen TCI state.

[0356] In the example, the wireless device uses uplink resources to... Figure 18 and Figure 19 The uplink signal is transmitted using the transmission power at time T2. In the example, the wireless device can transmit the uplink signal via uplink resources at a transmission power based on a determined / calculated / computed transmission power.

[0357] In the example, the selected coreset among multiple coresets can be identified by the selected coreset index among multiple coreset indices. In the example, the selected coreset index can be the lowest (or highest) among multiple coreset indices. The selected coreset can be identified / indicated by the lowest selected coreset index among multiple coreset indices. In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state of the selected coreset in response to the selected coreset index being the lowest (or highest) among multiple coreset indices.

[0358] In the example, determining / selecting a coreset among multiple coresets can be based on the selected coreset index being the lowest (or highest) among multiple coreset indices of the multiple coresets.

[0359] In the example, a TCI state index may include one or more TCI state indices of one or more TCI states. One or more TCI states may include a selected TCI state identified by a selected TCI state index among one or more TCI state indices. In the example, among one or more TCI state indices of one or more TCI states, the selected TCI state index may be the lowest (or highest). The selected TCI state may be identified / indicated by the lowest selected TCI state index among one or more TCI state indices. For example, in Figure 19In this context, the first TCI state index (TCI-state-5) is lower than the second TCI state index (TCI-state-8), the third TCI state index (TCI-state-1), and the fourth TCI state index (TCI-state-1). The first TCI state can be a selected TCI state. Similarly, the third TCI state index (TCI-state-1) is lower than the second TCI state index (TCI-state-8), the first TCI state index (TCI-state-5), and the fourth TCI state index (TCI-state-1). The third TCI state can also be a selected TCI state.

[0360] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state in one or more TCI states, in response to the selected TCI state index being the lowest (or highest) among one or more TCI state indices.

[0361] In the example, determining / selecting a chosen TCI state from one or more TCI states can be based on the chosen TCI state index being the lowest (or highest) among one or more TCI state indices of one or more TCI states.

[0362] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on a selected reference signal of a selected TCI state in one or more TCI states, in response to one or more configuration parameters that do not indicate at least one coreset of the cell.

[0363] In the example, the selected coreset can be associated with an antenna panel from multiple antenna panels.

[0364] In the example, the selected TCI state can be associated with an antenna panel among multiple antenna panels.

[0365] In the example, the selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state can be associated with an antenna panel among multiple antenna panels.

[0366] In the example, the antenna panel associated with the selected coreset and the first antenna panel associated with the uplink resource can be the same.

[0367] In the example, the antenna panel associated with the selected TCI state and the first antenna panel associated with the uplink resource can be the same.

[0368] In the example, the antenna panel associated with the selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state and the first antenna panel associated with the uplink resource can be the same.

[0369] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine / calculate the transmission power based on a selected reference signal of a selected TCI state of the selected coreset associated with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource.

[0370] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on a selected reference signal of the selected TCI state in response to the selected TCI state associated with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource.

[0371] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on the selected reference signal in the selected TCI state in response to the selected reference signal being associated with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource.

[0372] In the example, the wireless device can receive the selected TCI state using the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource.

[0373] In the example, the wireless device can use the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource to receive the selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state.

[0374] In the example, determining / selecting a coreset among multiple coresets can be based on associating the selected coreset with an antenna panel that is the same as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource.

[0375] In the example, determining / selecting a coreset among multiple coresets can be based on the selected TCI state of the selected coreset being associated with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource.

[0376] In the example, determining / selecting a coreset from multiple coresets can be based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state of the selected coreset and associated with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource.

[0377] In the example, determining / selecting the chosen TCI state can be based on associating the chosen TCI state with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource.

[0378] In the example, determining / selecting the selected TCI state can be based on associating the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource.

[0379] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may not select / determine a coreset associated with an antenna panel that is different from the first antenna panel of the uplink resources among multiple coresets. Multiple antenna panels may include antenna panels. The coreset index identifying / indicating the coreset may be the lowest among multiple coreset indices of multiple coresets. The coreset index may be lower than the selected coreset index.

[0380] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may not select / determine the TCI state associated with an antenna panel that is different from the first antenna panel of the uplink resource among one or more TCI states. Multiple antenna panels may be included. The TCI state index identifying / indicating the TCI state may be the lowest among one or more TCI state indices of one or more TCI states. The TCI state index may be lower than the selected TCI state index.

[0381] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can, in response to a UE capability information indication that it supports beam correspondence in the absence of uplink beam scanning, determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state.

[0382] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may, in response to one or more configuration parameters including enable parameters, determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on a selected reference signal of a selected TCI state.

[0383] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine / calculate the transmission power based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state in response to the absence of at least one path loss reference RS.

[0384] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state in response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating at least one path loss reference RS.

[0385] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine / calculate the transmission power based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state in response to the absence of an activation command indicating at least one path loss reference RS (e.g., SRS path loss reference RS activation / deactivation MAC CE).

[0386] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state in response to the lack of spatial relation to the uplink resources.

[0387] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on a selected reference signal of the selected TCI state in response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating the spatial relationship of the uplink resources.

[0388] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine / calculate the transmission power based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state in response to the absence of an activation command indicating the spatial relationship of the uplink resources (e.g., AP / SP SRS activation / deactivation MAC CE, PUCCH spatial relationship activation / deactivation MAC CE).

[0389] In the example, the selected reference signal can be periodic. The selected reference signal can be a periodic signal with a selected period (e.g., 2 time slots, 5 time slots, 10 time slots, 2 symbols, 5 symbols, etc.). Based on the periodicity of the selected reference signal, the wireless device can periodically measure, for example, the L1-RSRP and L3-RSRP of the selected reference signal. One or more configuration parameters can indicate the selected period.

[0390] In the example, the selected TCI state can indicate the selected quasi-communicating type of the selected reference signal. For example, the selected quasi-communicating type could be QCL-Type D.

[0391] In the example, spatial relationship information can provide / indicate the spatial setup for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources.

[0392] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine the spatial domain transmission filter (e.g., in...). Figure 18 (Time T2 in the original text). The wireless device can determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on a selected reference signal indicated by a selected TCI state of a selected coreset from multiple coresets. One or more reference signals may include the selected reference signal. One or more TCI states may include the selected TCI state.

[0393] In the example, the wireless device can determine / select a coreset from multiple coresets. Determining the spatial domain transfer filter based on a selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state of the selected coreset can be a response to determining / selecting the selected coreset.

[0394] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine the spatial domain transmission filter (e.g., in...). Figure 19 (Time T2 in the context). The wireless device can determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on a selected reference signal indicated by a selected TCI state in one or more TCI states. The one or more reference signals may include the selected reference signal.

[0395] In the example, the wireless device can determine / select a chosen TCI state from one or more TCI states. Determining the spatial domain transmission filter based on a selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state can be in response to determining / selecting the chosen TCI state.

[0396] In the example, the wireless device uses uplink resources in... Figure 18 and Figure 19 In the example, time T2 uses a spatial domain transmission filter to transmit uplink signals. The wireless device can use this spatial domain transmission filter to transmit uplink signals via uplink resources, based on a determined spatial domain transmission filter.

[0397] In the example, in response to the selected coreset index being the lowest (or highest) among multiple coreset indices of multiple coresets, the wireless device can determine the spatial transmission filter based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state of the selected coreset.

[0398] In the example, determining / selecting a coreset among multiple coresets can be based on the selected coreset index being the lowest (or highest) among multiple coreset indices of the multiple coresets.

[0399] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state among one or more TCI states, in response to the selected TCI state index being the lowest (or highest) among one or more TCI state indices.

[0400] In the example, determining / selecting a chosen TCI state from one or more TCI states can be based on the chosen TCI state index being the lowest (or highest) among one or more TCI state indices of one or more TCI states.

[0401] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on a selected reference signal of a selected TCI state in one or more TCI states in response to at least one coreset of a cell not indicated by one or more configuration parameters.

[0402] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, in response to the selected coreset being associated with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource, the wireless device can determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state of the selected coreset.

[0403] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, in response to the selected TCI state being associated with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource, the wireless device can determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state.

[0404] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, in response to the selected reference signal being associated with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource, the wireless device can determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state.

[0405] In the example, the wireless device can receive the selected TCI state using the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource.

[0406] In the example, the wireless device can use the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource to receive the selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state.

[0407] In the example, determining / selecting a coreset among multiple coresets can be based on associating the selected coreset with an antenna panel that is the same as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource.

[0408] In the example, determining / selecting a coreset among multiple coresets can be based on the selected TCI state of the selected coreset being associated with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource.

[0409] In the example, determining / selecting a coreset from multiple coresets can be based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state of the selected coreset and associated with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource.

[0410] In the example, determining / selecting the chosen TCI state can be based on associating the chosen TCI state with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource.

[0411] In the example, determining / selecting the selected TCI state can be based on associating the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource.

[0412] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can, in response to a UE capability information indication that it supports beam correspondence in the absence of uplink beam scanning, determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state.

[0413] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on a selected reference signal of a selected TCI state in response to one or more configuration parameters, including an enable parameter.

[0414] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state in response to the absence of at least one path loss reference RS.

[0415] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state in response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating at least one path loss reference RS.

[0416] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state in response to the absence of an activation command indicating at least one path loss reference RS (e.g., SRS path loss reference RS activation / deactivation MAC CE).

[0417] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state in response to the lack of spatial relation provided by the uplink resources.

[0418] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state in response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating the spatial relationship of the uplink resources.

[0419] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state in response to the absence of an activation command indicating the spatial relationship of the uplink resources (e.g., AP / SP SRS activation / deactivation MAC CE, PUCCH spatial relationship activation / deactivation MAC CE).

[0420] For example, in Figure 18 In this context, uplink resources may be associated with a first antenna panel (e.g., panel 1). A selected coreset may be identified by i) the lowest selected coreset index among multiple coreset indices, and ii) associated with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource. For example, a first coreset (Coreset-0) and a fourth coreset (Coreset-3) may be associated with the first antenna panel (panel 1) of the uplink resource. In response to the first coreset index of the first coreset being lower than the fourth coreset index of the fourth coreset, the wireless device may determine / select the first coreset (Coreset-0) as the selected coreset. For example, the first coreset (Coreset-0) may be associated with the first antenna panel (panel 1) of the uplink resource. A second coreset (Coreset-1) may be associated with a second antenna panel (panel 3) that is different from the first antenna panel (panel 1) of the uplink resource. The second coreset index of the second coreset may be lower than the first coreset index of the first coreset. The wireless device may not select / determine the second coreset as the selected coreset based on the fact that the second coreset is associated with a second antenna panel that is different from the first antenna panel of the uplink resource. The wireless device can select / determine the first coreset as the selected coreset based on the association of the first coreset with the first antenna panel of the uplink resources.

[0421] For example, in Figure 19In this configuration, the uplink resource may be associated with a first antenna panel (e.g., panel 1). The selected TCI state may be identified by i) the lowest selected TCI state index among one or more TCI state indices of one or more TCI states, and ii) associated with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource. For example, a first TCI state (TCI-state-5) and a fourth TCI state (TCI-state-4) may be associated with the first antenna panel (panel 1) of the uplink resource. In response to a first TCI state index being lower than a fourth TCI state index, the wireless device may determine / select the first TCI state as the selected TCI state. For example, a first TCI state (TCI-state-5) may be associated with the first antenna panel (panel 1) of the uplink resource. A second TCI state (TCI-state 8) may be associated with a second antenna panel (panel 3) that is different from the first antenna panel (panel 1) of the uplink resource. The second TCI state index of the second TCI state may be lower than the first TCI state index of the first TCI state. Based on the association of the second TCI state with a second antenna panel that is different from the first antenna panel of the uplink resource, the wireless device may not select / determine the second TCI state as the selected TCI state. Alternatively, the wireless device may select / determine the first TCI state as the selected TCI state based on the association of the first TCI state with the first antenna panel of the uplink resource.

[0422] In the example, one or more uplink resources may include a second uplink resource. In the example, the second uplink resource may be associated with a second antenna panel among multiple antenna panels (e.g., Figure 18 and Figure 19 The second antenna panel is associated with panel 3 in the table. The second antenna panel can be identified by the second antenna panel index among multiple panel indices.

[0423] In the example, the second antenna panel and the antenna panel associated with the selected TCI state can be the same. In the example, the second antenna panel and the antenna panel associated with the selected coreset can be the same. In the example, the second antenna panel and the antenna panel associated with the selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state can be the same.

[0424] In the example, the second antenna panel and the antenna panel associated with the selected TCI state can be different. In the example, the second antenna panel and the antenna panel associated with the selected coreset can be different. In the example, the second antenna panel and the antenna panel associated with the selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state can be different.

[0425] In the example, a reference signal as a path loss reference RS can be provided to the second uplink resource via one or more configuration parameters or activation commands (e.g., SRS path loss reference RS activation / deactivation MAC CE).

[0426] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via the second uplink resource, the wireless device can determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on a reference signal. The wireless device can then transmit the uplink signal via the second uplink resource at that transmission power.

[0427] In the example, the second uplink resource can be provided with spatial relationships indicating reference signals, for example, via one or more configuration parameters or activation commands (e.g., AP / SP SRS activation / deactivation MAC CE, PUCCH spatial relationship activation / deactivation MAC CE).

[0428] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via the second uplink resource, the wireless device can determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on a reference signal. The wireless device can then transmit uplink signals via the second uplink resource using the spatial domain transmission filter.

[0429] Figure 20 This is an exemplary flowchart of beam management according to one aspect of the implementation of this disclosure.

[0430] In the example, the wireless device can receive one or more messages. These messages may include one or more configuration parameters for the cell. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate multiple control resource sets (coresets). The one or more configuration parameters may indicate uplink resources associated with the first antenna panel.

[0431] In the example, one or more configuration parameters may not indicate the spatial relationship of the uplink resource. For transmitting uplink signals via the uplink resource, the wireless device can determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on a selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state of the selected coreset among multiple coresets. In response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating the spatial relationship of the uplink resource, the wireless device can determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state. The selected coreset can be identified / indicated by the lowest coreset index among multiple coreset indices. For example, the selected reference signal can be associated with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource. For example, the selected TCI state can be associated with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource. For example, the selected coreset can be associated with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource.

[0432] In the example, the wireless device can transmit uplink signals via a spatial domain transmission filter using uplink resources.

[0433] In the example, one or more configuration parameters may not indicate the spatial relationship of the uplink resources. For transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine / calculate / operate the transmission power based on a selected reference signal indicated by a selected TCI state of a selected coreset among multiple coresets. In response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating the spatial relationship of the uplink resources, the wireless device can determine the transmission power based on a selected reference signal with a selected TCI state. The selected coreset can be identified / indicated by the lowest coreset index among multiple coreset indices. For example, the selected reference signal can be associated with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource. For example, the selected TCI state can be associated with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource. For example, the selected coreset can be associated with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource.

[0434] In the example, the wireless device can transmit uplink signals at the transmission power via uplink resources.

[0435] Figure 21 This is an exemplary flowchart of beam management according to one aspect of the implementation of this disclosure.

[0436] In the example, the wireless device can receive one or more messages. These messages may include one or more configuration parameters for the cell. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate multiple TCI states for decoding the PDSCH. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate multiple TCI states for the cell's active downlink BWP. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate uplink resources associated with the first antenna panel.

[0437] In the example, the wireless device can receive an activation command that indicates / activates one or more of a plurality of TCI states.

[0438] In the example, one or more configuration parameters may not indicate the spatial relationship of the uplink resources. One or more configuration parameters may not indicate at least one coreset of the cell. The cell may not include at least one coreset. The cell's active downlink BWP may not include at least one coreset. For transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the radio device may determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on a selected reference signal indicated by a selected TCI state from one or more TCI states. In response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating the spatial relationship of the uplink resources, the radio device may determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on a selected reference signal of a selected TCI state. In response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating at least one coreset of the cell, the radio device may determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on a selected reference signal of a selected TCI state. The selected TCI state can be identified / indicated by the lowest TCI state index among one or more TCI state indices of one or more TCI states. For example, the selected reference signal may be associated with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource. For example, the selected TCI state may be associated with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource.

[0439] In the example, the wireless device can transmit uplink signals via a spatial domain transmission filter using uplink resources.

[0440] In the example, one or more configuration parameters may not indicate the spatial relationship of the uplink resources. One or more configuration parameters may not indicate at least one coreset of the cell. The cell may not include at least one coreset. The cell's active downlink BWP may not include at least one coreset. For transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the radio device may determine the transmission power based on a selected reference signal indicated by a selected TCI state from one or more TCI states. In response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating the spatial relationship of the uplink resources, the radio device may determine the transmission power based on a selected reference signal of a selected TCI state. In response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating at least one coreset of the cell, the radio device may determine the transmission power based on a selected reference signal of a selected TCI state. The selected TCI state can be identified / indicated by the lowest TCI state index among one or more TCI state indices of one or more TCI states. For example, the selected reference signal may be associated with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource. For example, the selected TCI state may be associated with the same antenna panel as the first antenna panel of the uplink resource.

[0441] In the example, the wireless device can transmit uplink signals at the transmission power via uplink resources.

[0442] Figure 22 This is an exemplary flowchart of beam management according to one aspect of the implementation of this disclosure.

[0443] In the example, one or more configuration parameters can indicate one or more coreset pool indices for multiple coresets (e.g., provided by the higher-level parameter CoresetPoolIndex). In the example, each coreset among the multiple coresets can include a corresponding coreset pool index among one or more coreset pool indices (e.g., 0, 1) (or configured / indicated by one or more configuration parameters). One or more configuration parameters can indicate a corresponding coreset pool index among one or more coreset pool indices for each coreset among the multiple coresets.

[0444] In the example, one or more configuration parameters can indicate the first coreset among multiple coresets (e.g., Figure 18 The first coreset pool index is one of one or more coreset pool indexes in the Coreset pool (Coreset-0). In the example, the first coreset pool may include one or more coresets with a coreset pool index equal to the first coreset pool index (e.g., 0). One or more coresets may include the first coreset. One or more configuration parameters may indicate the first coreset pool index for each coreset in one or more coresets in the first coreset pool.

[0445] In the example, one or more configuration parameters can indicate a second coreset for use in a plurality of coresets (e.g., Figure 18 The second coreset pool index is one or more coreset pool indexes in the Coreset pool (Coreset-1). In the example, the second coreset pool may include one or more coresets with a coreset pool index equal to the second coreset pool index (e.g., 1). One or more coresets may include the second coreset. One or more configuration parameters may indicate the second coreset pool index for each coreset in the one or more coresets in the second coreset pool.

[0446] In the example, one or more configuration parameters may not indicate the coreset pool index for a coreset among multiple coresets. Based on one or more configuration parameters that do not indicate the coreset pool index for a coreset, the wireless device can determine a default value for the coreset pool index of the coreset. In the example, the default value may be equal to zero. In the example, the default value may be equal to the first coreset pool index (e.g., zero). Based on the default value that the first coreset pool index is equal to the coreset pool index of the coreset, the first coreset pool may include the coreset. In the example, the default value may be equal to one. Based on the default value that the second coreset pool index is equal to the coreset pool index of the coreset, the second coreset pool may include the coreset.

[0447] In the example, the first coreset pool index of the first coreset and the second coreset pool index of the second coreset can be the same. Multiple coresets can include a first coreset and a second coreset. One or more coreset pool indices can include a first coreset pool index and a second coreset pool index. Since the first coreset pool index of the first coreset and the second coreset pool index of the second coreset are the same, the wireless device can group the first coreset and the second coreset into the same coreset pool. Since the first coreset pool index of the first coreset and the second coreset pool index of the second coreset are the same, the first coreset pool including the first coreset and the second coreset pool including the second coreset can be the same.

[0448] In the example, the first coreset pool index of the first coreset and the second coreset pool index of the second coreset can be different. Multiple coresets can include a first coreset and a second coreset. One or more coreset pool indices can include a first coreset pool index and a second coreset pool index. Because the first coreset pool index of the first coreset and the second coreset pool index of the second coreset are different, the wireless device can group the first coreset and the second coreset into different coreset pools. In the example, the wireless device can group the first coreset into the first coreset pool. Because the first coreset pool index and the second coreset pool index are different, the wireless device can group the second coreset into a second coreset pool that is different from the first coreset pool. Because the first coreset pool index of the first coreset and the second coreset pool index of the second coreset are different, the first coreset pool and the second coreset pool can be different.

[0449] In the example, multiple TRPs can serve a wireless device (e.g., transmitting to or receiving from the wireless device). Multiple TRPs can include a first TRP and a second TRP. The first TRP can transmit downlink signals / channels (e.g., PDSCH, PDCCH, DCI, SS / PBCH blocks, CSI-RS) via a first coreset having a first coreset pool index equal to a first value (e.g., zero). The first coreset pool can include the first coreset. The first TRP can transmit downlink signals / channels (e.g., PDSCH, PDCCH, DCI, SS / PBCH blocks, CSI-RS) without via a second coreset having a second coreset pool index different from the first value (e.g., zero). A second coreset pool different from the first coreset pool can include a second coreset. The second TRP can transmit downlink signals / channels (e.g., PDSCH, PDCCH, DCI, SS / PBCH blocks, CSI-RS) via a second coreset having a second coreset pool index equal to a second value (e.g., one). The second coreset pool can include the second coreset. The second TRP can transmit downlink signals / channels (e.g., PDSCH, PDCCH, DCI, SS / PBCH blocks, CSI-RS) without via a first coreset having a pool index (e.g., zero) different from the second coreset pool. A first coreset pool different from the second coreset pool can include the first coreset. Multiple coresets can include both the first and second coresets. One or more coreset pool indices can include both the first and second coreset pool indices.

[0450] In the example, multiple TRPs can serve a wireless device (e.g., transmitting to or receiving from the wireless device). Multiple TRPs can include a first TRP and a second TRP. The first TRP can transmit downlink signals / channels (e.g., PDSCH, PDCCH, DCI, SS / PBCH blocks, CSI-RS) via a first coreset in a first coreset pool. The first TRP can transmit downlink signals / channels (e.g., PDSCH, PDCCH, DCI, SS / PBCH blocks, CSI-RS) without transmitting via a second coreset in a second coreset pool different from the first coreset pool. The second TRP can transmit downlink signals / channels (e.g., PDSCH, PDCCH, DCI, SS / PBCH blocks, CSI-RS) via a second coreset in a second coreset pool. The second TRP can transmit downlink signals / channels (e.g., PDSCH, PDCCH, DCI, SS / PBCH blocks, CSI-RS) without transmitting via a first coreset in a first coreset pool different from the second coreset pool. Multiple coresets can include a first coreset and a second coreset.

[0451] In the example, one or more configuration parameters may indicate at least two coreset pool indices (e.g., 0 and 1) for the higher-level parameter CORESETPoolIndex. One or more configuration parameters may include a higher-level parameter CORESETPoolIndex having (or being set to) at least two coreset pool indices. In the example, the at least two indices may include a first coreset pool index (e.g., 0) for one or more first coresets among a plurality of coresets and a second coreset pool index (e.g., 1) for one or more second coresets among a plurality of coresets, different from the first coreset pool index. One or more first coresets may include one or more third coresets among a plurality of coresets without a value for the higher-level parameter CORESETPoolIndex. One or more configuration parameters may not include a higher-level parameter CORESETPoolIndex for one or more third coresets.

[0452] In the example, a cell can be a scheduling cell. A cell can include at least one coreset.

[0453] In the example, a cell can be a scheduled cell. A cell may not include at least one coreset.

[0454] In the example, one or more configuration parameters can indicate the first resource type of the uplink resource. The first resource type can be aperiodic (e.g., the higher-layer parameter resourceType is set to aperiodic). For example, when the uplink resource is an SRS resource, the first resource type can be (equal to) an aperiodic resource type of the SRS resource set. The SRS resource set that includes the uplink resource (or SRS resource) can be aperiodic.

[0455] In the example, the wireless device can receive a DCI that triggers uplink signal transmission. The uplink signal can be an aperiodic signal (e.g., an aperiodic SRS). For example, the DCI can indicate an uplink resource. For example, the DCI can indicate an SRS resource set that includes the uplink resource. The wireless device can receive the DCI via a coreset from among multiple coresets. One or more configuration parameters can indicate the first coreset pool index among one or more coreset pool indices for a coreset.

[0456] In the example, one or more configuration parameters can indicate the selected coreset pool index for the selected coreset. One or more coreset pool indices can include the selected coreset pool index. The selected coreset pool index and the first coreset pool index of the coreset for which the wireless device receives DCI can be the same.

[0457] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state of the selected coreset, in response to the selected coreset pool index of the selected coreset being the same as the first coreset pool index of the coreset to which the wireless device receives DCI.

[0458] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via aperiodic (or having a first resource type equal to aperiodic) uplink resources, the wireless device may determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state of the selected coreset, in response to the selected coreset pool index of the selected coreset being the same as the first coreset pool index of the coreset to which the wireless device receives DCI.

[0459] In the example, the selected TCI state can be associated with a selected coreset pool index. One or more coreset pool indices can include the selected coreset pool index. The selected coreset pool index and the first coreset pool index of the coreset from which the wireless device receives the DCI can be the same.

[0460] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state in one or more TCI states, in response to the selected coreset pool index associated with the selected TCI state being the same as the first coreset pool index of the coreset in which the wireless device receives the DCI.

[0461] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via aperiodic (or having a first resource type equal to aperiodic) uplink resources, the wireless device may determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on a selected reference signal of the selected TCI state in one or more TCI states, in response to the selected coreset pool index associated with the selected TCI state being the same as the first coreset pool index of the coreset in which the wireless device receives the DCI.

[0462] In the example, in response to the first resource type of the uplink resource being aperiodic, the wireless device can determine / calculate the transmission power based on the selected coreset pool index and the first coreset pool index of the coreset to which the wireless device receives the DCI. In the example, in response to the first resource type of the uplink resource being aperiodic, the wireless device can determine / calculate the transmission power based on the first coreset pool index.

[0463] In the example, in response to one or more configuration parameters indicating an aperiodic resource type of the SRS resource set including uplink resources, the wireless device can determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on the selected coreset pool index and the first coreset pool index of the coreset to which the wireless device receives DCI. In the example, in response to one or more configuration parameters indicating an aperiodic resource type of the SRS resource set including uplink resources, the wireless device can determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on the first coreset pool index.

[0464] In the example, the wireless device can transmit uplink signals at the aforementioned transmission power via uplink resources. DCI can trigger the transmission of uplink signals (e.g., aperiodic SRS). In the example, the wireless device can transmit uplink signals at a transmission power based on a determined / calculated transmission power via uplink resources.

[0465] In the example, the wireless device can transmit DCI-triggered uplink signals via uplink resources based on one or more configuration parameters, wherein the one or more configuration parameters indicate a first resource type equal to an aperiodic resource type for the uplink resources. The wireless device can also transmit DCI-triggered uplink signals via uplink resources based on one or more configuration parameters, wherein the one or more configuration parameters indicate an aperiodic resource type for an SRS resource set including the uplink resources.

[0466] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state of the selected coreset, in response to the selected coreset pool index of the selected coreset being the same as the first coreset pool index of the coreset in which the wireless device receives DCI.

[0467] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via aperiodic (or having a first resource type equal to aperiodic) uplink resources, the wireless device may determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state of the selected coreset in response to the selected coreset pool index of the selected coreset being the same as the first coreset pool index of the coreset to which the wireless device receives DCI.

[0468] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state in one or more TCI states, in response to the selected coreset pool index associated with the selected TCI state being the same as the first coreset pool index of the coreset in which the wireless device receives the DCI.

[0469] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via aperiodic (or a first resource type equal to aperiodic) uplink resources, the wireless device may determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on a selected reference signal of one or more TCI states, in response to the selected coreset pool index associated with the selected TCI state being the same as the first coreset pool index of the coreset to which the wireless device receives the DCI.

[0470] In the example, in response to the first resource type of the uplink resource being aperiodic, the wireless device can determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected coreset pool index and the first coreset pool index of the coreset to which the wireless device receives the DCI. In the example, in response to the first resource type of the uplink resource being aperiodic, the wireless device can determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the first coreset pool index.

[0471] In the example, in response to one or more configuration parameters indicating an aperiodic resource type of the SRS resource set including uplink resources, the radio device can determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected coreset pool index and the first coreset pool index of the coreset from which the radio device receives the DCI. In the example, in response to one or more configuration parameters indicating an aperiodic resource type of the SRS resource set including uplink resources, the radio device can determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the first coreset pool index.

[0472] In the example, the wireless device can transmit uplink signals via a spatial domain transmission filter using uplink resources. DCI can trigger the transmission of uplink signals (e.g., aperiodic SRS). In the example, the wireless device can transmit uplink signals via a spatial domain transmission filter using uplink resources based on a determined spatial domain transmission filter.

[0473] In the example, the wireless device can receive one or more messages. The one or more messages may include one or more configuration parameters for the cell. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate multiple coresets. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more uplink resources (e.g., SRS resources) including uplink resources of a first resource type.

[0474] In the example, the first resource type can be periodic. In the example, the first resource type can be semi-persistent. In the example, one or more configuration parameters may not indicate the spatial relationship of the uplink resources. For transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on a selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state of the selected coreset among multiple coresets. In response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating the spatial relationship of the uplink resources, the wireless device can determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state. The selected coreset can be identified / indicated by the lowest coreset index among multiple coreset indices of multiple coresets.

[0475] In the example, the wireless device can transmit uplink signals via a spatial domain transmission filter using uplink resources.

[0476] In the example, the first resource type can be periodic. In the example, the first resource type can be semi-persistent. In the example, one or more configuration parameters may not indicate the spatial relationship of uplink resources. For transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine / calculate / operate the transmission power based on a selected reference signal indicated by a selected TCI state of a selected coreset among multiple coresets. In response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating the spatial relationship of uplink resources, the wireless device can determine the transmission power based on a selected reference signal of a selected TCI state. The selected coreset can be identified / indicated by the lowest coreset index among multiple coreset indices of multiple coresets.

[0477] In the example, the wireless device can transmit uplink signals at the transmission power via uplink resources.

[0478] In the example, one or more configuration parameters can indicate multiple coreset indices for multiple coresets. In the example, one or more configuration parameters can indicate one or more coreset pool indices for multiple coresets.

[0479] In the example, the wireless device can receive DCI triggered by transmitting uplink signals (e.g., aperiodic SRS) via uplink resources through one of a plurality of coresets. One or more configuration parameters can indicate the first coreset pool index among one or more coreset pool indices used for the coreset. In the example, one or more configuration parameters may not indicate the spatial relationship of the uplink resources.

[0480] In the example, the first resource type can be aperiodic. In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on a selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state of the selected coreset out of multiple coresets. In response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating the spatial relationship of the uplink resources, the wireless device can determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state. The selected coreset can be identified / indicated by the lowest coreset index among multiple coreset indices. One or more configuration parameters can indicate, for the selected coreset, a selected coreset pool index among one or more coreset pool indices, which is the same as (or equal to) the first coreset pool index of the coreset from which the wireless device receives the DCI.

[0481] In the example, the wireless device can transmit uplink signals via a spatial domain transmission filter using uplink resources.

[0482] In the example, the first resource type can be aperiodic. In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine / calculate / operate the transmission power based on a selected reference signal indicated by the selected TCI state of the selected coreset out of multiple coresets. In response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating the spatial relationship of the uplink resources, the wireless device can determine / calculate / operate the transmission power based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state. The selected coreset can be identified / indicated by the lowest coreset index among multiple coreset indices. One or more configuration parameters can indicate, for the selected coreset, a selected coreset pool index among one or more coreset pool indices, which is the same as (or equal to) the first coreset pool index of the coreset from which the wireless device receives the DCI.

[0483] In the example, the wireless device can transmit uplink signals at the transmission power via uplink resources.

[0484] In the example, the wireless device may receive one or more messages. These messages may include one or more configuration parameters for the cell. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate multiple TCI states for decoding the PDSCH. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more uplink resources (e.g., SRS resources) including uplink resources of a first resource type.

[0485] In the example, the wireless device can receive an activation command that activates / indicates one or more TCI states among a plurality of TCI states. For example, the activation command may include one or more activation commands. The one or more activation commands may include a first activation command that indicates / activates one or more first TCI states among one or more TCI states. The one or more activation commands may include a second activation command that indicates / activates one or more second TCI states among one or more TCI states.

[0486] In the example, the first resource type can be periodic. In the example, the first resource type can be semi-persistent. In the example, one or more configuration parameters may not indicate the spatial relationship of uplink resources. One or more configuration parameters may not indicate at least one coreset of the cell. For transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the radio device can determine a spatial domain transmission filter based on a selected reference signal indicated by a selected TCI state from one or more TCI states. In response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating the spatial relationship of uplink resources, the radio device can determine a spatial domain transmission filter based on a selected reference signal of a selected TCI state. In response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating at least one coreset of the cell, the radio device can determine a spatial domain transmission filter based on a selected reference signal of a selected TCI state. The selected TCI state can be identified / indicated by the lowest TCI state index among one or more TCI state indices of one or more TCI states.

[0487] In the example, the wireless device can transmit uplink signals via a spatial domain transmission filter using uplink resources.

[0488] In the example, the first resource type can be periodic. In the example, the first resource type can be semi-persistent. In the example, one or more configuration parameters may not indicate the spatial relationship of uplink resources. One or more configuration parameters may not indicate at least one coreset of the cell. For transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the radio device can determine / calculate / operate the transmission power based on a selected reference signal indicated by a selected TCI state from one or more TCI states. In response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating the spatial relationship of uplink resources, the radio device can determine / calculate / operate the transmission power based on a selected reference signal of a selected TCI state. In response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating at least one coreset of the cell, the radio device can determine / calculate / operate the transmission power based on a selected reference signal of a selected TCI state. The selected TCI state can be identified / indicated by the lowest TCI state index among one or more TCI state indices of one or more TCI states.

[0489] In the example, the wireless device can transmit uplink signals at the transmission power via uplink resources.

[0490] In the example, one or more configuration parameters can indicate one or more coreset pool indices. In the example, each activation command in one or more activation commands can indicate / include a corresponding coreset pool index among one or more coreset pool indices. For example, a first activation command can indicate / include a first coreset pool index (e.g., zero) among one or more coreset pool indices. A second activation command can indicate / include a second coreset pool index (e.g., one) among one or more coreset pool indices.

[0491] In the example, one or more TCI states can be associated with one or more coreset pool indices. Each TCI state in one or more TCI states can be associated with a corresponding coreset pool index in one or more coreset pool indices. For example, associating a TCI state in one or more TCI states with a coreset pool index in one or more coreset pool indices can include receiving an activation command that indicates / activates a TCI state and includes / indicates a coreset pool index. The activation command that indicates / activates a TCI state and includes / indicates a coreset pool index can include: the activation command includes a first field including a TCI state index of the TCI state and a second field including a coreset pool index. For example, based on a first activation command that indicates / activates one or more first TCI states and includes / indicates a first coreset pool index, one or more TCI states in the first TCI states can be associated with a first coreset pool index. Based on a second activation command that indicates / activates one or more second TCI states and includes / indicates a second coreset pool index, one or more TCI states in the second TCI states can be associated with a second coreset pool index.

[0492] In the example, a wireless device can receive DCI triggered by transmitting uplink signals (e.g., aperiodic SRS) via uplink resources through one of a plurality of coresets. One or more configuration parameters can indicate the first coreset pool index among one or more coreset pool indices used for the coreset.

[0493] In the example, the first resource type can be aperiodic. In the example, one or more configuration parameters may not indicate the spatial relationship of uplink resources. One or more configuration parameters may not indicate at least one coreset of the cell. For transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the radio device can determine a spatial domain transmission filter based on a selected reference signal indicated by a selected TCI state from one or more TCI states. In response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating the spatial relationship of uplink resources, the radio device can determine a spatial domain transmission filter based on a selected reference signal of a selected TCI state. In response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating at least one coreset of the cell, the radio device can determine a spatial domain transmission filter based on a selected reference signal of a selected TCI state. The selected TCI state can be identified / indicated by the lowest TCI state index among one or more TCI state indices of one or more TCI states. The selected TCI state can be associated with a coreset pool index that is the same as (or equal to) the first coreset pool index of the coreset for which the radio device receives the DCI. For example, when the first coreset pool index associated with one or more first TCI states is equal to (or the same as) the first coreset pool index of the coreset for which the wireless device receives DCI, the selected TCI state is in one or more first TCI states. When the second coreset pool index associated with one or more second TCI states is equal to (or the same as) the first coreset pool index of the coreset for which the wireless device receives DCI, the selected TCI state is in one or more second TCI states.

[0494] In the example, the wireless device can transmit uplink signals via a spatial domain transmission filter using uplink resources.

[0495] In the example, the first resource type can be aperiodic. In the example, one or more configuration parameters may not indicate the spatial relationship of uplink resources. One or more configuration parameters may not indicate at least one coreset of the cell. For transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the radio device can determine / calculate / operate the transmission power based on a selected reference signal indicated by a selected TCI state from one or more TCI states. In response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating the spatial relationship of uplink resources, the radio device can determine / calculate / operate the transmission power based on a selected reference signal of a selected TCI state. In response to one or more configuration parameters not indicating at least one coreset of the cell, the radio device can determine / calculate / operate the transmission power based on a selected reference signal of a selected TCI state. The selected TCI state can be identified / indicated by the lowest TCI state index among one or more TCI state indices of one or more TCI states. The selected TCI state can be associated with a coreset pool index that is the same as (or equal to) the first coreset pool index of the coreset for which the radio device receives the DCI. For example, when the first coreset pool index associated with one or more first TCI states is equal to (or the same as) the first coreset pool index of the coreset for which the wireless device receives DCI, the selected TCI state is in one or more first TCI states. When the second coreset pool index associated with one or more second TCI states is equal to (or the same as) the first coreset pool index of the coreset for which the wireless device receives DCI, the selected TCI state is in one or more second TCI states.

[0496] In the example, the wireless device can transmit uplink signals at the transmission power via uplink resources.

[0497] Figure 23 This is an example of beam management according to one aspect of the implementation of this disclosure.

[0498] In the example, one or more configuration parameters can indicate multiple TCI states (e.g., provided by the higher-level parameter tci-StatesToAddModList in PDSCH-Config). Multiple TCI states can be used to decode the PDSCH for cell scheduling. Multiple TCI states (e.g., Figure 23 The TCI-state-0, TCI-state-1, ..., TCI-state-127 in the table can be used to decode the PDSCH for the (active) downlink BWP scheduling of a cell.

[0499] In the example, one or more configuration parameters can indicate the TCI state index for multiple TCI states.

[0500] In the example, the wireless device can receive an activation command that activates / indicates one or more TCI states among multiple TCI states (e.g., TCI state activation / deactivation for a UE-specific PDSCH MAC CE, for example, ...). Figure 23 (Activation command 1 and activation command 2 in the text). An activation command may include one or more activation commands.

[0501] In the example, the first activation command in one or more activation commands ( Figure 23 The activation command 1) can indicate / activate one or more first TCI states (e.g., TCI-state-5, TCI-state-8, TCI-state-1, TCI-state-4) in one or more TCI states. The second activation command (…) in one or more activation commands… Figure 23 The activation command 2) can indicate / activate one or more second TCI states in one or more TCI states (e.g., TCI-state-22, TCI-state-0, TCI-state-3, TCI-state-45, TCI-state-18).

[0502] In the example, a first activation command indicating / activating one or more first TCI states may include one or more fields. Fields within the one or more fields may include one or more first TCI state indices. TCI state indices may include one or more first TCI state indices. Fields within the one or more fields may include a first coreset pool index (e.g., in...). Figure 23 In time T1, CoresetPool-ID = 0). One or more first TCI states can be active (or applicable). One or more first TCI states can be applicable to receiving PDSCH in (active) downlink BWP. The radio device can receive DCI scheduling PDSCH via one or more coresets having a first coreset pool index. One or more first TCI states activated by a first activation command indicating the first coreset pool index can be applicable to receiving PDSCH scheduled by DCI, which is received via one or more coresets having the same coreset pool index as the first coreset pool index. The coreset pool index of one or more coresets can be the same as the first coreset pool index. Multiple coresets can include one or more coresets.

[0503] In the example, a second activation command indicating / activating one or more second TCI states may include one or more fields. Fields within the one or more fields may include one or more second TCI state indices. TCI state indices may include one or more second TCI state indices. Fields within the one or more fields may include second coreset pool indices (e.g., in...). Figure 23 In time T2, CoresetPool-ID = 1). One or more second TCI states can be active (or applicable). One or more second TCI states can be applicable to receiving PDSCH in (active) downlink BWP. The radio device can receive DCI scheduling PDSCH via one or more coresets having a second coreset pool index. One or more second TCI states activated by a second activation command indicating the second coreset pool index can be applicable to receiving PDSCHs scheduled by DCI, which are received via one or more coresets having the same coreset pool index as the second coreset pool index. The coreset pool index of one or more coresets can be the same as the second coreset pool index. Multiple coresets can include one or more coresets.

[0504] In the example, a TCI state can be associated with a coreset pool index in one or more coreset pool indexes. Associating a TCI state with a coreset pool index can include the TCI being activated by an activation command having a field indicating / including the coreset pool index. Associating a TCI state with a coreset pool index can include receiving an activation command that i) indicates / activates one or more TCI states including the TCI state, and ii) includes a field having a value equal to the coreset pool index. For example, in Figure 23 In this context, based on a first activation command indicating / activating one or more first TCI states and a field of the first activation command including a first coreset pool index, one or more first TCI states (TCI-state-5, TCI-state-8, TCI-state-1, and TCI-state-4) are associated with a first coreset pool index (CoresetPool-ID=0). Based on a second activation command indicating / activating one or more second TCI states and a field of the second activation command including a second coreset pool index, one or more second TCI states (TCI-state-22, TCI-state-0, TCI-state-3, TCI-state-45, and TCI-state-18) are associated with a second coreset pool index (CoresetPool-ID=1).

[0505] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine / calculate / compute power based on a selected reference signal of a selected TCI state of one or more first TCI states, in response to the first coreset pool index associated with one or more first TCI states and the first coreset pool index of the coreset to which the wireless device receives DCI.

[0506] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device may determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on a selected reference signal of a selected TCI state of one or more second TCI states, in response to the second coreset pool index associated with one or more second TCI states being the same as the first coreset pool index of the coreset to which the wireless device receives DCI.

[0507] In the example, for transmitting uplink signals via uplink resources, the wireless device can determine / calculate / compute the transmission power based on the selected reference signal of the selected TCI state, in response to the coreset pool index associated with the selected TCI state being the same as the first coreset pool index of the coreset for which the wireless device receives the DCI.

[0508] For example, in Figure 23 In the process of receiving DCI coresets, when the first coreset pool index is equal to zero, the wireless device determines / selects a chosen TCI state from one or more first TCI states based on one or more first TCI states associated with the zero-valued first coreset pool index (CoresetPool-ID=0). In response to the TCI state index being the lowest among the one or more first TCI state indices of the one or more first TCI states, the selected TCI state can be TCI-state-1 among the one or more first TCI states. When the first coreset pool index is equal to one, the wireless device determines / selects a chosen TCI state from one or more second TCI states based on one or more second TCI states associated with the one-valued sec...

Claims

1. A communication method, the method comprising: An activation command is received by a wireless device, the activation command indicating activation of the Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state for a first control resource set (coreset), the first coreset having a coreset pool index among multiple coreset pool indices of a cell; Downlink control information (DCI) is received via a second coreset having the coreset pool index, the DCI indicating transmission via the cell's aperiodic sounding reference signal (SRS); as well as In response to receiving the DCI via a second coreset having the coreset pool index, the aperiodic SRS is transmitted using transmission parameters determined based on the TCI state associated with the coreset pool index.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: Receive one or more configuration parameters, including enable parameters; as well as In response to the one or more configuration parameters including the enable parameter, the transmission parameters are determined based on the TCI state of the second coreset, wherein the transmission parameters include at least one of the following: Default transmission parameters; Spatial domain transmission filter; or Transmission power.

3. The method of any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the second coreset is indicated by the same second coreset pool index as the first coreset pool index of the first coreset.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: Multiple coreset pools, including a second coreset pool, and The second coreset pool includes a third coreset whose index is lower than that of the coreset pool.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The SRS transmission is via SRS resources that are not spatially related, and The transmission is in response to one or more configuration parameters, including parameters and SRS resources for transmitting the SRS that are not associated with spatial relationships.

6. A wireless device, the wireless device comprising: One or more processors and a memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the wireless device to: Receive an activation command, the activation command indicating activation for the Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state of a first control resource set (coreset), the first coreset having a coreset pool index among multiple coreset pool indices of a cell; Downlink control information (DCI) is received via a second coreset having the coreset pool index, the DCI indicating transmission via the cell's aperiodic sounding reference signal (SRS); and In response to receiving the DCI via a second coreset having the coreset pool index, the aperiodic SRS is transmitted using transmission parameters determined based on the TCI state associated with the coreset pool index.

7. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to: Receive an activation command, the activation command indicating activation for the Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state of a first control resource set (coreset), the first coreset having a coreset pool index among multiple coreset pool indices of a cell; Downlink control information (DCI) is received via a second coreset having the coreset pool index, the DCI indicating transmission via the cell's aperiodic sounding reference signal (SRS); and In response to receiving the DCI via a second coreset having the coreset pool index, the aperiodic SRS is transmitted using transmission parameters determined based on the TCI state associated with the coreset pool index.

8. A communication method, the method comprising: An activation command is transmitted by the base station, the activation command indicating activation of the Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state for a first control resource set (coreset), the first coreset having a coreset pool index among multiple coreset pool indices of the cell; Downlink control information (DCI) is transmitted via a second coreset having the coreset pool index, the DCI indicating transmission via the cell's aperiodic sounding reference signal (SRS); and In response to transmitting the DCI via a second coreset having the coreset pool index, the aperiodic SRS is received using transmission parameters associated with the TCI state of the coreset pool index.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising: Transmit one or more configuration parameters, the configuration parameters including enable parameters associated with the transmitted parameters, wherein the transmitted parameters include at least one of the following: Default transmission parameters; Spatial domain transmission filter; or Transmission power.

10. The method of any one of claims 8 to 9, wherein the second coreset is indicated by the same second coreset pool index as the first coreset pool index of the first coreset.

11. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein: Multiple coreset pools, including a second coreset pool, and The second coreset pool includes a third coreset whose index is lower than that of the coreset pool.

12. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein: The SRS transmission is via SRS resources that are not spatially related, and The transmission is in response to one or more configuration parameters, including parameters and SRS resources for transmitting the SRS that are not associated with spatial relationships.

13. A base station, the base station comprising: One or more processors and a memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the base station to: A transmission activation command, the activation command indicating activation of the Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state for a first control resource set (coreset), the first coreset having a coreset pool index among multiple coreset pool indices of a cell; Downlink control information (DCI) is transmitted via a second coreset having the coreset pool index, the DCI indicating transmission via the cell's aperiodic sounding reference signal (SRS); and In response to transmitting the DCI via a second coreset having the coreset pool index, the aperiodic SRS is received using transmission parameters associated with the TCI state of the coreset pool index.

14. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to: A transmission activation command, the activation command indicating activation of the Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state for a first control resource set (coreset), the first coreset having a coreset pool index among multiple coreset pool indices of a cell; Downlink control information (DCI) is transmitted via a second coreset having the coreset pool index, the DCI indicating transmission via the cell's aperiodic sounding reference signal (SRS); and In response to transmitting the DCI via a second coreset having the coreset pool index, the aperiodic SRS is received using transmission parameters associated with the TCI state of the coreset pool index.

15. A communication system, the system comprising: Base stations, which include: One or more processors and a memory storing instructions, said instructions causing the base station to: Transmit activation command; as well as Wireless devices, including: One or more processors and a memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the wireless device to: Receive the activation command, which indicates activation of the Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state for a first control resource set (coreset), the first coreset having a coreset pool index among multiple coreset pool indices of a cell; Downlink control information (DCI) is received via a second coreset having the coreset pool index, the DCI indicating transmission via the cell's aperiodic sounding reference signal (SRS); as well as In response to receiving the DCI via a second coreset having the coreset pool index, the aperiodic SRS is transmitted using transmission parameters determined based on the TCI state associated with the coreset pool index.

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