A method for raising seedlings by reverse cutting of Tamarix chinensis branches and its application

Abstract

The invention discloses a reverse cutting seedling raising method and application of Tamarix chinensis branches, and belongs to the technical field of seedling raising. Aiming at the shortcomings of the front and back ends of the cuttings being difficult to distinguish, the survival rate of reverse cutting being low, and the quality of the seedlings after survival being poor in the process of cutting seedling raising of Tamarix chinensis, the invention proposes a reverse cutting seedling raising method of Tamarix chinensis branches, which significantly improves the reverse cutting rooting rate of the cuttings through cutting treatment and reverse cutting rooting stimulating technology of cuttings; through seedbed preparation and substrate preparation, cutting cutting, post-cutting management, rooting and transplanting, and seedling cultivation, on the basis of further improving the survival rate of the cuttings in the forward direction, the reverse cutting survival rate is increased to more than 90%, and the seedling quality is more than 85% to meet the requirements of Class I seedlings, effectively solving the low survival rate of seedlings and uneven seedling quality caused by reverse cutting in the process of cutting seedling raising of Tamarix chinensis, and has good practical application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of seedling cultivation, and in particular relates to a method for cultivating seedlings by reverse cutting of Tamarix chinensis branches and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Tamarix chinensis Lour. is a large deciduous shrub or small tree of the genus Tamarix in the family Tamarix. It is distributed in Xinjiang, Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Liaoning, Gansu and other regions of my country, and is more distributed in the Yellow River Basin. As a key woody plant community species in saline-alkali areas, Tamarix has physiological characteristics such as salt-alkali resistance, drought resistance, and barrenness resistance. It is a halophyte with strong soil fertility ability. It has now become the main ecological restoration tree species in the northern muddy coastal saline-alkali areas and inland low-lying saline areas, and has significant effects in saline-alkali land improvement, climate regulation, windbreak and sand fixation / embankment protection, etc.

[0003] At present, the propagation of Tamarix chinensis seedlings is mainly based on cuttings, and the technology is relatively mature. However, the branches of Tamarix chinensis are reddish purple or dark purple, and there are many keel-shaped ridges on the back of the base, which makes it difficult to distinguish the front and back ends of the branches during cuttings, resulting in low survival rate of seedlings and uneven quality after seedlings, which seriously restricts the industrial development of Tamarix chinensis seedlings. This is because the reverse insertion of branches breaks and violates the transportation law of plant water and nutrients transporting upward and photosynthetic products transporting downward, thus causing a significant decrease in plant survival rate or difficulty in survival. Studies have shown that polar transport is a basic phenomenon in plant differentiation and morphological construction. Once polarity is established, it is difficult to reverse (Geisler et al, 2003). Therefore, when propagating by cuttings, care should be taken to insert the lower end of the morphology into the soil, and not reverse insertion. However, with the continuous improvement of technology, it has been reported and confirmed that stem segments, branches, root segments, etc. can survive and develop into complete plants by reverse insertion, such as marigold (Went et al, 1941), tomato (Sheldrake et al, 1974), grape (Naore et al, 2011), etc., and the plants obtained by reverse insertion have shown outstanding superiority in stress resistance and other aspects. The possibility of plant polarity reversal makes it possible to study the growth and development of plants by reverse insertion, but most plants have not yet made a breakthrough in improving the survival rate of reverse insertion, especially woody plants.

[0004] Although there are some research reports on Tamarix chinensis seedling cultivation, they are mainly focused on conventional cutting seedling cultivation, while there are no reports on reverse cutting seedling cultivation of Tamarix chinensis and methods to improve the quality of seedlings. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and application of reverse cutting seedling cultivation of Tamarix chinensis branches. The method of the present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the reverse cutting seedling cultivation process of Tamarix chinensis that the front and back ends of the cuttings are difficult to distinguish, the reverse cutting survival rate is low, and the seedling quality is poor. The seedling cultivation method of the present invention can significantly improve the survival rate and seedling quality of the reverse cutting seedling cultivation of Tamarix chinensis, and can cultivate robust cutting seedlings that meet the needs of engineering seedlings in the same year, which is of great significance to improving the economic benefits of seedling cultivation and ecological restoration of saline-alkali land.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0007] On the one hand, a method for raising seedlings by reverse cutting of Tamarix chinensis branches comprises:

[0008] S1. Selection and preparation of cuttings: Select hard branches of Tamarix chinensis and trim them as cuttings;

[0009] S2. Reverse insertion to promote rooting: Prepare to plant rock wool, first spray the planting rock wool with ABT-1 solution; insert the cuttings in reverse with the morphological lower end facing upward and the morphological upper end facing downward on the planting rock wool, with the morphological lower end of the cuttings exposed 2-3cm from the planting rock wool; spray nutrient solution; when the lenticels of the cuttings in the planting rock wool are convex and white or the root system reaches 2-3mm, take out the cuttings from the planting rock wool for cutting;

[0010] S3. Seedbed preparation and cutting medium preparation: land preparation and bed preparation, laying a mixture of peat soil, humus soil from the surface of the Tamarix forest, perlite and bagasse in the seedbed as cutting medium;

[0011] S4. Cutting: Before cutting, use a long tool to make holes on the cutting bed, and then insert the root-stimulated cuttings into the cutting matrix in reverse, that is, in the same direction as the cutting direction in the rock wool planting, insert the cuttings with the morphological lower end facing upward and the morphological upper end facing downward on the cutting matrix, and compact the cuttings and the matrix around the insertion hole;

[0012] S5. Management after cutting: After cutting, the daytime temperature is controlled at 20-30℃, relative humidity 80-90%, and the nighttime temperature is controlled at 15-20℃;

[0013] S6. Transplantation and cultivation of strong seedlings: When the lower branches of the cuttings grow to more than 15cm in morphological terms, ventilate in time during the day, control the humidity below 60%, and transplant after 7-10 days of hardening the seedlings; 15-20 days after transplanting and planting, alternately spray foliar fertilizers with root topdressing; irrigate, loosen the soil, weed and prune according to conventional seedling care and management measures, and cultivate strong Tamarix cuttings that meet the needs of engineering seedlings in the same year.

[0014] On the other hand, the above-mentioned method of reverse cutting seedling cultivation of Tamarix chinensis branches is applied in the propagation of Tamarix chinensis seedlings.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] The present invention aims at the shortcomings of the front and back ends of the cuttings being difficult to distinguish, the survival rate of reverse cutting being low, and the poor quality of the seedlings after survival in the process of cutting seedling raising of Tamarix chinensis, and proposes a method for raising seedlings by reverse cutting of Tamarix chinensis branches and its application. The method significantly improves the reverse cutting rooting rate of the cuttings through cutting treatment and reverse cutting of cuttings and rooting stimulating technology. Through the techniques of seedbed preparation and matrix preparation, cutting of cuttings, post-cutting management, rooting and transplanting, and strong seedling cultivation, on the basis of further improving the survival rate of the cuttings in the forward direction, the reverse cutting survival rate is increased to more than 90%, and the seedling quality reaches more than 85% to meet the requirements of Class I seedlings, effectively solving the low survival rate of seedlings and uneven seedling quality caused by reverse cutting in the process of cutting seedling raising of Tamarix chinensis, and having high practical application value.

[0017] The seedling raising method of the present invention can significantly improve the survival rate and seedling quality of Tamarix chinensis reverse-cutting seedlings, and can cultivate robust cutting seedlings that meet the needs of engineering seedlings in the same year, which is of great significance to improving the economic benefits of seedling raising and ecological restoration of saline-alkali land. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0019] Figure 1 The growth of the root system and seedlings when the Tamarix chinensis fringe strips are reversely inserted to promote rooting in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 The root system and seedling growth conditions of the Tamarix chinensis cuttings when transplanting the seedlings in reverse insertion according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 The present invention shows the field growth of Tamarix chinensis seedlings after transplanting according to Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0023] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0024] In view of the shortcomings of the reverse cutting seedling raising process of Tamarix chinensis, such as the difficulty in distinguishing the front and back ends of the cuttings, the low survival rate of reverse cuttings and the poor quality of the seedlings after survival, the present invention proposes a reverse cutting seedling raising method of Tamarix chinensis branches and its application.

[0025] A typical embodiment of the present invention provides a method for reverse cutting seedling cultivation of Tamarix chinensis branches, the method comprising:

[0026] S1. Selection and preparation of cuttings: Select hard branches of Tamarix chinensis and trim them as cuttings;

[0027] S2. Reverse insertion to promote rooting: Prepare to plant rock wool, first spray the planting rock wool with ABT-1 solution; insert the cuttings in reverse with the morphological lower end facing upward and the morphological upper end facing downward on the planting rock wool, with the morphological lower end of the cuttings exposed 2-3cm from the planting rock wool; spray nutrient solution; when the lenticels of the cuttings in the planting rock wool are convex and white or the root system reaches 2-3mm, take out the cuttings from the planting rock wool for cutting;

[0028] S3. Seedbed preparation and cutting medium preparation: prepare the land and make a bed, and lay a mixture of peat soil, humus soil on the surface of the Tamarix forest, perlite, and bagasse as a cutting medium in the seedbed;

[0029] S4. Cutting: Before cutting, use a long tool to make holes on the cutting bed, and then insert the root-stimulated cuttings into the cutting matrix in reverse, that is, in the same direction as the cutting direction in the rock wool planting, insert the cuttings with the morphological lower end facing upward and the morphological upper end facing downward on the cutting matrix, and compact the cuttings and the matrix around the insertion hole;

[0030] S5. Management after cutting: After cutting, the daytime temperature is controlled at 20-30℃, relative humidity 80-90%, and the nighttime temperature is controlled at 15-20℃;

[0031] S6. Transplantation and cultivation of strong seedlings: When the lower branches of the cuttings grow to more than 15cm in morphological terms, ventilate in time during the day, control the humidity below 60%, and transplant after 7-10 days of hardening the seedlings; 15-20 days after transplanting and planting, alternately spray foliar fertilizers with root topdressing; irrigate, loosen the soil, weed and prune according to conventional seedling care and management measures, and cultivate strong Tamarix cuttings that meet the needs of engineering seedlings in the same year.

[0032] In some examples of this implementation mode, in S1, the cuttings are selected from 1-year-old hard branches of 2-3-year-old young Tamarix plants that are free of pests and diseases, with a high degree of lignification, full leaf buds, and a diameter of 0.8-1.5 cm, and the time is selected as late February or early March. The cuttings are used as soon as they are collected.

[0033] Preferably, in S1, the specific method of trimming the cuttings is: before cutting the cuttings, cut the cuttings into 8-10 cm cuttings, trim the morphological lower end of the cuttings into a flat section, and at the same time, cut the morphological upper end of the cuttings at an angle of 45° to distinguish the morphological upper and lower ends of the cuttings.

[0034] Preferably, S1 further comprises: soaking the trimmed cuttings in clean water for 1-3 days, preferably 1-2 days; changing the water every 7-11 hours, preferably every 8-10 hours, to remove the salt contained in the branches; after soaking, drying the cuttings for 3-6 hours, controlling the water loss rate to 30%-60%, preferably 35%-50%, to increase the nutrient and water absorption rate of the branches during cutting.

[0035] In some examples of this implementation mode, in S2, root induction is carried out in a greenhouse, and the daytime temperature is 25-30°C, preferably 25-28°C; the nighttime temperature is 15-25, preferably 18-22°C.

[0036] Preferably, the thickness of the planting rock wool is 10-15 cm, preferably 10-12 cm.

[0037] Preferably, the concentration of the ABT-1 solution is 500-700 mg / L, preferably 600 mg / L.

[0038] Preferably, the humidity of the planted rock wool is controlled at 30%-50%, preferably 35%-40%.

[0039] Preferably, the spraying of nutrient solution is specifically as follows: 1 day after cutting, spray with 0.25 times modified Hoagland nutrient solution, tilt the planted rock wool 40-60 degrees during spraying, spray the rock wool evenly from the side and bottom to avoid the branches above the rock wool from contacting the nutrient solution, control the rock wool humidity at 55%-60%, and spray 0.25 times modified Hoagland nutrient solution once every 2 days. After 8-10 days, when the lenticels of the cuttings in the rock wool are convex and white or the root system reaches 2-3mm, the cuttings can be taken out of the rock wool for cutting.

[0040] In some examples of this embodiment, in S3, the thickness of the cutting medium is 10-15 cm, preferably 10-12 cm.

[0041] Preferably, the volume percentages of peat soil, humus soil on the surface of the Tamarix forest, perlite and bagasse are: peat soil: humus soil on the surface of the Tamarix forest: perlite: bagasse = 50%: 20%: 20%: 10%.

[0042] Preferably, after the cutting substrate is laid, 1-2 days before cutting, the cutting substrate is sprayed with drugs for disinfection. Further preferably, 800 times diluted 50% carbendazim wettable powder is used to thoroughly disinfect the cutting substrate.

[0043] In some examples of this implementation manner, in S4, before the cuttings are implanted, the cutting medium is firstly sprayed with 0.25 times the modified Hoagland nutrient solution, and then a layer of plastic film is covered on the cutting medium to achieve the effect of heat preservation and moisture retention.

[0044] Preferably, when the root-stimulated cuttings are inserted back into the cutting medium, ensure that the morphological lower end of the cuttings is exposed 2-3 cm above the cutting medium.

[0045] Preferably, the cutting distance is controlled at 10-20 cm, preferably 15-20 cm.

[0046] Preferably, after 2-3 days of moderate seedling acclimatization, the concentration of 2.5 mg·L -1 The cuttings are sprayed with IAA, thereby inducing root hair formation through the polar transport input of IAA.

[0047] In some examples of this implementation mode, in S5, after cutting, the daytime temperature is controlled at 22-28°C, with a relative humidity of 80-90%, and proper ventilation is provided every day, and the nighttime temperature is controlled at 16-20°C.

[0048] Preferably, when the lower end leaf of the cutting grows to more than 2 cm, spray 500-600 times of pulic acid and 600-800 times of carbendazim solution, and use them alternately every 7-10 days.

[0049] In some examples of this implementation mode, in S6, during transplanting, after the seedlings emerge from the soil, the roots are cut off by 1 / 4-1 / 3 upward from the root crown with scissors to improve the vitality of the root system, and the cutting seedlings are transplanted into the field in late April to early May.

[0050] Preferably, the field nursery ground should be prepared in advance to make beds, and the seedling transplanting density should be 30-40cm×70-80cm.

[0051] Preferably, 0.8% KNO3 is used for foliar spraying, and it is sprayed 2-3 times during the growing period; KH2PO4 compound fertilizer is used for root topdressing, which is diluted 800-1000 times for irrigation and applied 1-2 times during the growing period.

[0052] Another typical embodiment of the present invention provides the application of the above-mentioned Tamarix chinensis branch reverse cutting seedling raising method in the propagation of Tamarix chinensis seedlings.

[0053] In order to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] A method for raising seedlings by reverse cutting of Tamarix chinensis branches, the specific steps are as follows:

[0056] The test material used was Tamarix chinensis 'Lu Tamarix 1'.

[0057] S1. Selection and preparation of cuttings: In late February or early March, select 2-3 year old young Tamarix plants that are healthy and free of pests and diseases, and cut 1 year old hard branches as cuttings.

[0058] Collect strong branches with high degree of lignification, full leaf buds and diameter of 0.8-1.5cm in the current year, and use them as soon as they are collected. Before cutting the cuttings, cut the cuttings into 8-10cm cuttings, trim the morphological lower end of the cuttings into a flat section, and at the same time cut the morphological upper end of the cuttings at 45° to distinguish the morphological upper and lower ends of the cuttings. Then soak the treated cuttings in clean water for 1-2 days, and change the water every 8-10 hours to remove the salt contained in the branches. After soaking, dry the cuttings for 3-6 hours, and control the water loss rate at 35%-50% to increase the nutrient and water absorption rate of the branches during cutting.

[0059] S2. Reverse insertion to promote rooting: Rooting is carried out in a greenhouse, with the temperature controlled at 25-28℃ during the day and 18-22℃ at night. Prepare a planting rock wool with a thickness of 10-12cm, first spray the planting rock wool with a concentration of 600mg / L ABT-1 solution, and control the humidity of the planting rock wool at 35% to 40%. Then, insert the cuttings with the lower end of the morphology facing upward and the upper end of the morphology facing downward on the germplasm rock wool, with the lower end of the cuttings exposed 2-3cm from the rock wool. One day after cutting, spray with 0.25 times modified Hoagland nutrient solution. When spraying, tilt the planted rock wool 40-60°, spray the rock wool evenly from the side and bottom to avoid the branches above the rock wool contacting the nutrient solution. The humidity of the rock wool is controlled at 55%-60%, and 0.25 times modified Hoagland nutrient solution is sprayed once every 2 days. After 8-10 days, when the lenticels of the cuttings in the rock wool are bulged and white or the root system reaches 2-3mm, the cuttings can be taken out of the rock wool for cutting.

[0060] S3. Seedbed preparation and cutting medium preparation: prepare the soil in the greenhouse to make a bed, the width of the bed is 0.8-1.0m, and the length depends on the length of the greenhouse. Spread a layer of cutting medium with a thickness of 10-12cm in the seedbed. The cutting medium is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in volume percentage: peat soil: humus soil on the surface of the tamarisk forest: perlite: bagasse = 50%: 20%: 20%: 10%. 1-2 days before cutting, use 800 times diluted 50% carbendazim wettable powder to thoroughly disinfect the matrix.

[0061] S4. Cutting: Before cutting the cuttings, first use 0.25 times the modified Hoagland nutrient solution to spray the cutting medium thoroughly, and then cover the cutting medium with a layer of plastic film to keep warm and moisturize. After covering the film, start cutting. To avoid damaging the germinated roots, first use a wooden stick with a diameter slightly thicker than the cuttings to punch holes in the filmed medium, and then reversely insert the rooted cuttings (consistent with the cutting direction in rock wool planting) into the cutting medium, ensuring that the lower end of the cuttings is exposed 2-3cm from the filmed medium, and the cutting distance is controlled at 15-20cm. After 2-3 days of moderate seedling acclimatization, use a concentration of 2.5mg·L -1 The cuttings are sprayed with IAA, thereby inducing root hair formation through the polar transport input of IAA.

[0062] S5. Management after cutting: After cutting, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled at 22-28℃, the relative humidity is 80-90%, and ventilation is moderate every day. The night temperature is controlled at 16-20℃. When the top leaves of the cuttings grow to more than 2cm, spray 500-600 times of Prolene and 600-800 times of Carbendazim solution, and use them alternately every 7-10 days.

[0063] S6. Transplantation and seedling cultivation: 10-15 days after cutting, adventitious roots will form at the lenticels at the base of the cuttings. 45-50 days after cutting, when the top branches are more than 15 cm long, ventilate in time during the day, control the humidity below 60%, and transplant after 7-10 days of hardening.

[0064] From late April to early May, the surviving cuttings are transplanted into the field. After the seedlings emerge from the soil, the roots are cut off 1 / 4-1 / 3 from the root crown upwards with scissors to improve the vitality of the root system. At the same time, the field nursery ground should be prepared in advance, and the seedling transplanting density should be 30-40cm×70-80cm.

[0065] 15-20 days after transplanting and planting, foliar spraying and root fertilization are carried out alternately. Foliar spraying uses 0.8% KNO3, which is sprayed 2-3 times during the growing period. Root fertilization uses KH2PO4 compound fertilizer, which is diluted 800-1000 times and used for irrigation, and is applied 1-2 times during the growing period.

[0066] By following conventional seedling care and management measures such as irrigation, loosening the soil, weeding and pruning, strong cutting seedlings that meet the needs of engineering seedlings can be cultivated in the same year.

[0067] Comparative Example 1

[0068] The difference from Example 1 is that the cuttings are inserted in a positive manner.

[0069] Comparative Example 2

[0070] The difference from Example 1 is that field seedling cultivation is adopted

[0071] Comparative Example 3

[0072] The difference from Comparative Example 1 is that field seedling cultivation is adopted

[0073] Experimental Example 1

[0074] The test material used was Tamarix chinensis 'Lu Tamarix 1', and the Tamarix chinensis cuttings obtained in Example 1, Comparative Examples 2, 3, and 4 were tested by two different seedling raising methods to determine the survival rate and seedling quality of Tamarix chinensis in reverse and forward cuttings. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0075] Table 1

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] According to the method described in the present invention, the survival rate of reverse-insertion seedlings reaches an average of 93%, and the rate of grade I seedlings reaches 88%; the survival rate of forward-insertion seedlings reaches an average of 95%, and the rate of grade I seedlings reaches 91%.

[0079] Example 2

[0080] A method for raising seedlings by reverse cutting of Tamarix chinensis branches

[0081] The difference from Example 1 is that different nutrient solutions are used in the process of rooting the cuttings. Nutrient solutions of different concentrations and types are selected for the experiment, namely 0.25 times Hoagland nutrient solution, 0.5 times Hoagland nutrient solution, 1 / 2MS nutrient solution and MS nutrient solution.

[0082] For the cutting seedlings obtained in Example 2, the survival rate and seedling quality of Tamarix chinensis in reverse and forward cuttings were measured by comparative tests of 5 different concentrations and types of nutrient solutions. The measurement results are shown in Table 2.

[0083] Table 2

[0084]

[0085] According to the method described in the present invention, using 0.25 times Hoagland nutrient solution, the average rooting rate of seedlings inserted backward reaches 96%, the survival rate reaches 92%, and the I-level seedling rate reaches 89%; the average rooting rate of seedlings inserted forward reaches 95%, the survival rate reaches 93%, and the I-level seedling rate reaches 91%.

[0086] Example 3

[0087] A method for raising seedlings by reverse cutting of Tamarix chinensis branches

[0088] The difference from Example 1 is that different types and concentrations of plant hormones are selected, and the plant hormones are IAA, GA and ABA, and the concentration is set to 0 mg·L -1 , 2.5mg·L -1 , 1mg·L -1 .

[0089] The survival rate and seedling quality of the Tamarix chinensis cuttings obtained in Example 3 were measured by contrast tests of different types and concentrations of plant hormones for reverse and normal insertion. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0090] Table 3

[0091]

[0092] According to the method described in the present invention, 2.5 mg·L -1 IAA, the average survival rate of reverse-inserted seedlings reached 92%, and the rate of grade I seedlings reached 90%; the average survival rate of normal-inserted seedlings reached 92%, and the rate of grade I seedlings reached 88%.

[0093] Example 4

[0094] A method for raising seedlings by reverse cutting of Tamarix chinensis branches

[0095] The difference from Example 1 is that: foliar spraying and root topdressing experiments are selected, and the settings are no fertilization, single application of KNO3 fertilizer, single application of KH2PO4 fertilizer, and KNO3 and KH2PO4 are used alternately.

[0096] The survival rate and seedling quality of the Tamarix chinensis cuttings obtained in Example 4 were measured by a comparative test of different fertilizations. The measurement results are shown in Table 4.

[0097] Table 4

[0098]

[0099] According to the method described in the present invention, by using KNO3 and KH2PO4 alternately, the survival rate of reverse-insertion seedlings reaches an average of 93%, and the rate of grade I seedlings reaches 88%; under this method, the survival rate of forward-insertion seedlings reaches an average of 95%, and the rate of grade I seedlings reaches 91%.

[0100] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for raising seedlings by reverse cutting of Tamarix chinensis branches, characterized in that: The method comprises: S1. Selection and preparation of cuttings: Select hard branches of Tamarix chinensis and trim them as cuttings; S2. Reverse insertion to promote rooting: Prepare to plant rock wool, first spray the planting rock wool with ABT-1 solution; insert the cuttings in reverse with the morphological lower end facing upward and the morphological upper end facing downward on the planting rock wool, with the morphological lower end of the cuttings exposed 2-3cm from the rock wool; spray nutrient solution; when the lenticels of the cuttings in the planting rock wool are convex and white or the root system reaches 2-3mm, remove the cuttings from the planting rock wool for cutting; S3. Seedbed preparation and cutting medium preparation: land preparation and bed preparation, laying a mixture of peat soil, humus soil from the surface of the Tamarix forest, perlite and bagasse in the seedbed as cutting medium; S4. Cutting: Before cutting, use a long tool to make holes on the cutting bed, and then insert the root-stimulated cuttings into the cutting matrix in reverse, that is, in the same direction as the cutting direction in the rock wool planting, insert the cuttings with the morphological lower end facing upward and the morphological upper end facing downward on the cutting matrix, and compact the cuttings and the matrix around the insertion hole; S5. Management after cutting: After cutting, the daytime temperature is controlled at 20-30℃, relative humidity 80-90%, and the nighttime temperature is controlled at 15-20℃; S6. Transplantation and seedling cultivation: When the lower end branches of the cuttings grow to more than 15 cm, ventilation should be carried out in time during the day, humidity should be controlled below 60%, and transplantation should be carried out after 7-10 days of hardening. After 15-20 days of transplanting and planting, foliar fertilization and root topdressing should be carried out alternately. Irrigation, soil loosening, weeding and pruning should be carried out according to conventional seedling care and management measures, and robust Tamarix cuttings that meet the needs of engineering seedlings should be cultivated in the same year. In S1, the cuttings are selected from 1-year-old hard branches of 2-3-year-old young Tamarix plants without diseases and insect pests, with high lignification, full leaf buds, and a diameter of 0.8-1.5 cm, and the time is selected as late February or early March; In S1, the specific method of trimming the cuttings is: before cutting the cuttings, the cuttings are cut into 8-10 cm cuttings, the lower end of the cuttings is trimmed into a flat section, and the upper end of the cuttings is trimmed at a 45° angle; The step S1 further comprises: soaking the trimmed cuttings in clean water for 1-3 days; changing the water every 7-11 hours; and drying the cuttings for 3-6 hours after soaking, with the water loss rate controlled at 30%-60%; In S2, rooting is carried out in a greenhouse with a daytime temperature of 25-30°C and a nighttime temperature of 15-25°C; Or, the thickness of the planted rock wool is 10-15 cm; Or, the concentration of the ABT-1 solution is 500-700 mg / L; Or, the humidity of the planted rock wool should be controlled at 30%-50%; In S2, the spraying of the nutrient solution is specifically as follows: 1 day after cutting, spray with 0.25 times modified Hoagland nutrient solution, tilt the planted rock wool 40-60 degrees during spraying, spray the rock wool evenly from the side and bottom to prevent branches above the rock wool from contacting the nutrient solution, control the humidity of the rock wool at 55%-60%, and spray 0.25 times modified Hoagland nutrient solution once every 2 days; In S3, the thickness of the cutting medium is 10-15 cm, Or, the volume percentages of peat soil, humus soil on the surface of the Tamarix forest, perlite, and bagasse are: peat soil: humus soil on the surface of the Tamarix forest: perlite: bagasse = 50%: 20%: 20%: 10%; Or, after the cutting medium is laid, 1-2 days before cutting, spray the cutting medium with drugs for disinfection; In S4, before the cuttings are implanted, the cutting medium is firstly sprayed with 0.25 times the modified Hoagland nutrient solution, and then a layer of plastic film is covered on the cutting medium; Or, when the rooting cuttings are inserted back into the cutting medium, ensure that the lower end of the cuttings is exposed 2-3cm above the cutting medium; Or, the cutting distance should be controlled at 10-20cm; Or, after the cuttings have been properly grown for 2-3 days, use a concentration of 2.5 mg·L -1 of IAA sprayed cuttings; In S5, after cutting, the daytime temperature is controlled at 22-28°C, the relative humidity is 80-90%, ventilation is provided every day, and the nighttime temperature is controlled at 16-20°C; In S6, when transplanting, after the seedlings emerge from the soil, the root system is cut off by 1 / 4-1 / 3 upward from the root crown with scissors, and the cutting seedlings are transplanted into the field in late April to early May; Or, the seedling transplanting density is 30-40cm×70-80cm; Or, use 0.8% KNO3 for foliar spraying, and spray 2-3 times during the growing season; use KH2PO4 compound fertilizer for root topdressing, dilute it 800-1000 times and use it for irrigation, and apply it 1-2 times during the growing season.

2. The method for raising seedlings by reverse cutting of Tamarix chinensis branches as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the trimmed cuttings are soaked in clean water for 1-2 days; the water is changed every 8-10 hours; and the water loss rate is controlled at 35%-50%.

3. The method for raising seedlings by reverse cutting of Tamarix chinensis branches as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the daytime temperature is 25-28°C; the nighttime temperature is 18-22°C; Or, the thickness of the planted rock wool is 10-12 cm; Or, the concentration of the ABT-1 solution is 600 mg / L; Or, the humidity of the planted rock wool is controlled at 35%-40%.

4. The method for raising seedlings by reverse cutting of Tamarix chinensis branches as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the thickness of the cutting medium is 10-12 cm.

5. The method for raising seedlings by reverse cutting of Tamarix chinensis branches as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the cutting distance is controlled at 15-20 cm.

6. The method for raising seedlings by reverse cutting of Tamarix chinensis branches as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, when the lower end leaf of the cutting grows to more than 2 cm, spray 500-600 times of Prolena and 600-800 times of Carbendazim solution, and use them alternately every 7-10 days.

7. Application of the method for raising seedlings by reverse cutting of Tamarix chinensis branches as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 in propagation of Tamarix chinensis seedlings.

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