Impingement inertia separator for separating coal dust and air

Abstract

The application discloses an impingement type inertial separator for separating pulverized coal and air, which comprises a separator cylinder, an air-pulverized coal mixture inlet pipe arranged on one side of the lower end of the separator cylinder, a vertical middle shaft arranged in the separator cylinder, a secondary separation baffle arranged above the secondary separation baffle, and an umbrella-shaped separation component arranged below the secondary separation baffle; the umbrella-shaped separation component comprises a plurality of conical shells, the top of each conical shell is provided with an umbrella-shaped separation component middle shaft connecting hole, the secondary separation baffle is provided with a secondary separation baffle middle shaft connecting hole in the center, the middle shaft passes through the secondary separation baffle middle shaft connecting hole and the umbrella-shaped separation component middle shaft connecting hole from top to bottom in sequence, and is fixedly connected with the secondary separation baffle and the umbrella-shaped separation component. The separator utilizes the umbrella-shaped separation component with the size gradually increasing from bottom to top to gradually intercept the pulverized coal particles, and the fine pulverized coal particles are filtered through the filter screen on the secondary separation baffle, so that the gas-solid separation is more complete, and the separation efficiency is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of gas-solid separation equipment, specifically relating to an impact-type inertial separator for separating pulverized coal and air. Background Technology

[0002] The gas-solid separator is a crucial component of pulverized coal conveying systems. It effectively separates the suspended solid phase (pulverized coal) from the gaseous carrier (air) during pulverized coal transport, reducing the burden on pipelines and equipment, preventing blockages, and ensuring safe and reliable operation. If pulverized coal and air cannot be separated promptly after pneumatic transport through pipelines, it will not only reduce pipeline efficiency but also affect subsequent pulverized coal processing, and in severe cases, lead to safety accidents.

[0003] Currently, gas-solid separators can be divided into two types based on their separation principle: cyclone separators (centrifugal separators) and inertial separators. Cyclone separators mainly rely on centrifugal force to separate solid particles from the gas phase. Their biggest advantage is high separation efficiency, but they suffer from problems such as high pressure loss, severe wear, large size, and high thermal inertia. Inertial separators, on the other hand, utilize the difference in inertia between solids and gases during flow to separate them. These mainly include trough-type, inclined trough-type, louver-type, and impact-type separators. Inertial separators have attracted widespread attention due to their advantages such as low resistance, simple structure, small size, ease of installation, and low cost. The main problem with existing inertial separators is incomplete separation of fine particles. Furthermore, due to their structure, separated solid particles are easily re-entrained by the airflow entering the separation unit as they fall. In addition, the airflow can easily enter the separator hopper, causing separated solid particles to be re-entrained, resulting in low separation efficiency. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an inertial separator that can achieve thorough and efficient separation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The first objective of this invention is to provide an impact-type inertial separator for separating pulverized coal and air, thereby solving the problem of incomplete separation of fine pulverized coal particles in existing inertial separators for separating pulverized coal and air.

[0005] Another objective of this invention is to provide an impact-type inertial separator for separating pulverized coal and air, which solves the problem of low separation efficiency caused by the easy secondary entrainment of falling pulverized coal particles by the airflow in existing inertial separators for separating pulverized coal and air.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is an impact-type inertial separator for separating pulverized coal and air, comprising a separator cylinder, an air-pulverized coal mixture inlet pipe at the lower part of the separator cylinder extending into the interior of the separator cylinder, a central shaft inside the separator cylinder, and secondary separation baffles and umbrella-shaped separation components arranged vertically inside the separator cylinder; the umbrella-shaped separation component comprises multiple vertically arranged conical shells, with the smaller end of the conical shells at the top and the larger end at the bottom, and each conical shell has a central shaft connection hole at its top; the secondary separation baffles have a central shaft connection hole at their center, and the central shaft passes through the central shaft connection holes of the secondary separation baffles and the umbrella-shaped separation components sequentially from top to bottom, and is fixedly connected to the secondary separation baffles and the umbrella-shaped separation components.

[0007] The invention is further characterized in that,

[0008] The separator cylinder is equipped with an upper end cap at the top and a lower end cap at the bottom. An air outlet is located at the center of the top of the upper end cap, and a pulverized coal outlet is located at the bottom of the lower end cap.

[0009] The secondary separation baffle is provided with multiple circular hole channels, with both ends of the circular hole channels passing through the upper and lower surfaces of the secondary separation baffle, and the multiple circular hole channels are arranged in a star-shaped pattern.

[0010] A filter screen is installed at the upper end of the circular channel.

[0011] The air-coal mixture inlet pipe includes a horizontal pipe that extends into the separator cylinder. One end of the horizontal pipe is connected to a bend, and the other end is connected to a vertical pipe. The axis of the vertical pipe coincides with the axis of the separator cylinder. The end of the vertical pipe is located below the lowest layer of umbrella-shaped separation components, and the vertical distance between the end of the vertical pipe and the lowest layer of umbrella-shaped separation components is not less than 1 meter and not more than 2 meters.

[0012] The dimensions of the multiple conical shells decrease sequentially from top to bottom.

[0013] Both the upper and lower end caps are connected to the separator cylinder via flanges.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0015] (1) The impact-type inertial separator of the present invention uses multi-layer umbrella-shaped separation components to intercept rising coal particles step by step, and uses umbrella-shaped separation components with gradually increasing diameter to strengthen the interception of fine coal particles in the upper part of the separator, so as to ensure the gas-solid separation effect.

[0016] (2) The impact-type inertial separator of the present invention utilizes the special shape of the umbrella-shaped separation component and the design of the umbrella-shaped separation component with the diameter gradually increasing from bottom to top to adjust the gas-solid two-phase flow path entering the separator, effectively solving the problem of low separation efficiency caused by the secondary entrainment of the airflow entering the separator when the separated pulverized coal particles fall.

[0017] (3) In the impact-type inertial separator of the present invention, the surface of the umbrella-shaped separation component is a conical surface, which is conducive to the coal particles settling on its outer surface settling along its surface and reducing the accumulation of coal particles inside the separator.

[0018] (4) The impact-type inertial separator of the present invention can increase or decrease the number of umbrella-shaped separation components, change the size of the umbrella-shaped separation components, and adjust the vertical distance between the umbrella-shaped separation components according to the actual production situation, so as to adapt to the separation requirements, pulverized coal particle size and processing capacity changes in different occasions. It is flexible, convenient and widely applicable.

[0019] (5) The impact-type inertial separator of the present invention has a secondary separation baffle above the umbrella-shaped separation component. The fine coal particles are filtered by the filter screen on the separation baffle, which further ensures the separation effect of the fine coal particles and the gas-solid separation is thorough.

[0020] (6) The impact-type inertial separator of the present invention has a simple and compact structure, small size, and is easy to inspect and maintain, and has application value. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the impact-type inertial separator for separating pulverized coal and air according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the internal components of the impact-type inertial separator for separating pulverized coal and air according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the umbrella-shaped separator in the impact-type inertial separator for separating pulverized coal and air according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the secondary separation baffle in the impact-type inertial separator for separating pulverized coal and air according to the present invention;

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Central shaft, 2. Air outlet, 3. Upper head, 4. Secondary separation baffle, 5. Separator cylinder, 6. Umbrella-shaped separation component, 7. Air-pulverized coal mixture inlet pipe, 8. Lower head, 9. Pulverized coal outlet, 10. Circular hole channel, 11. Central shaft connection hole of secondary separation baffle, 12. Central shaft connection hole of umbrella-shaped separation component. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] This invention relates to an impact-type inertial separator for separating pulverized coal and air, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the separator includes a separator cylinder 5, with an elliptical upper head 3 at the top and a conical lower head 8 at the bottom. An air outlet 2 is located at the center of the top of the upper head 3, and a pulverized coal outlet 9 is located at the center of the bottom of the lower head 8. Both the upper head 3 and the lower head 8 are connected to the separator cylinder 5 via flanges, facilitating the inspection and maintenance of the impact-type inertial separator.

[0028] An air-coal mixture inlet pipe 7 is provided on one side of the lower end of the separator cylinder 5. The air-coal mixture inlet pipe 7 includes a horizontal pipe that extends into the separator cylinder 5. One end of the horizontal pipe is connected to a bend, and the other end of the bend is connected to a vertical pipe. The axis of the vertical pipe coincides with the axis of the separator cylinder 5.

[0029] The separator cylinder 5 is internally equipped with a secondary separation baffle 4 and an umbrella-shaped separation component 6; the secondary separation baffle 4 is located above the umbrella-shaped separation component 6; a central shaft 1 is vertically installed inside the separator cylinder 5, the axis of the central shaft 1 coincides with the axis of the separator cylinder 5, and the central shaft 1 passes through the central shaft connection hole 11 of the secondary separation baffle and the central shaft connection hole 12 of the umbrella-shaped separation component from top to bottom, and is fixedly connected to the secondary separation baffle 4 and the umbrella-shaped separation component 6 respectively; Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the umbrella-shaped separation component 6 includes multiple conical shells arranged sequentially from top to bottom on the central shaft 1, with the small end of the conical shell at the top and the large end at the bottom. Each conical shell has a central shaft connection hole 12 for the umbrella-shaped separation component at the top, and the size of the conical shell decreases sequentially from top to bottom.

[0030] The end of the vertical pipe included in the air-pulverized coal mixture inlet pipe 7 is located below the lowest layer of umbrella-shaped separation member 6, and the vertical distance between the end of the vertical pipe and the lowest layer of umbrella-shaped separation member 6 is not less than 1 meter and not more than 2 meters.

[0031] The dimensions of the multiple conical shells decrease sequentially from top to bottom;

[0032] like Figure 4As shown, the secondary separation baffle 4 is disc-shaped and fixed to the inner wall of the separator cylinder 5. A central shaft connection hole 11 is provided at the center of the secondary separation baffle 4, and both ends of the central shaft 1 pass through the central shaft connection hole 11. Multiple circular hole channels 10 are provided on the secondary separation baffle 4, and both ends of each circular hole channel 10 pass through the upper and lower surfaces of the secondary separation baffle 4 respectively. The multiple circular hole channels 10 are arranged in a star-shaped pattern. A filter screen is provided at the upper outlet of each circular hole channel 10 to block solid particles and play a secondary separation role.

[0033] When the filter screen in the secondary separation baffle 4 becomes clogged, high-pressure air can be introduced through the air outlet 2 to flush the filter screen and solve the problem of filter screen clogging.

[0034] The present invention relates to an impact-type inertial separator for separating pulverized coal and air, the specific working principle of which is as follows:

[0035] The mixture of pulverized coal and air enters the separator through the air-pulverized coal mixture inlet pipe 7 and is sprayed vertically upwards to the center of the inner surface of the lowest umbrella-shaped separation component 6. Then, it moves obliquely downwards along the inner surface of the umbrella-shaped separation component 6. When it reaches the lower edge of the umbrella-shaped separation component 6, the air moves upwards. Some of the larger pulverized coal particles in the air continue to move obliquely downwards and settle, while the smaller pulverized coal particles continue to rise with the air. Since the lower diameter of the upper umbrella-shaped separation component 6 is larger, the air and pulverized coal will come into contact with the inner surface of the upper umbrella-shaped separation component 6 as they continue to rise. Then, some pulverized coal particles (relatively larger in size) settle due to the obstruction (some settle on the outer surface of the lower umbrella-shaped separation component 6, and some settle directly in the lower head 8). The pulverized coal particles that do not settle move upwards with the air and then come into contact with the inner surface of the upper umbrella-shaped separation component 6. As the airborne pulverized coal particles are slowed down by the layers of obstruction from the umbrella-shaped separation member 6, they continuously settle as they rise with the air. Some pulverized coal settles directly onto the lower head 8, while others settle and deposit on the outer surface of the umbrella-shaped separation member 6. When enough pulverized coal has settled on the outer surface of the umbrella-shaped separation member 6, it will slide down under the influence of gravity and finally settle inside the lower head 8. The pulverized coal particles inside the lower head 8 are discharged from the separator through the pulverized coal outlet 9.

[0036] After passing through the top umbrella-shaped separation component 6, the air and pulverized coal particles continue to move upward. They pass through the circular hole channel 10 on the secondary separation baffle 4 and are filtered by the filter screen at the top of the circular hole channel 10. Fine pulverized coal particles are trapped, and the air enters the upper end cap 3 and is finally discharged from the separator from the air outlet 2.

Claims

1. An impact-type inertial separator for separating pulverized coal and air, characterized in that, The separator includes a separator cylinder (5), with an air-coal mixture inlet pipe (7) at the bottom. The air-coal mixture inlet pipe (7) extends into the separator cylinder (5). A central shaft (1) is provided inside the separator cylinder (5), with the axis of the central shaft (1) coinciding with the axis of the separator cylinder (5). Secondary separation baffles (4) and umbrella-shaped separation components (6) are arranged vertically inside the separator cylinder (5). The umbrella-shaped separation components (6) include multiple components arranged vertically. The conical shells are arranged such that the size of the multiple conical shells decreases from top to bottom; the small end of the conical shell is on top and the large end is on the bottom. Each conical shell has a central shaft connection hole (12) for the umbrella-shaped separation component at its top. The secondary separation baffle (4) has a central shaft connection hole (11) for the secondary separation baffle at its center. The central shaft (1) passes through the central shaft connection hole (11) for the secondary separation baffle and the central shaft connection hole (12) for the umbrella-shaped separation component from top to bottom, and is fixedly connected to the secondary separation baffle (4) and the umbrella-shaped separation component (6). The secondary separation baffle (4) is provided with a plurality of circular hole channels (10), the two ends of the circular hole channels (10) respectively pass through the upper and lower surfaces of the secondary separation baffle (4), and the plurality of circular hole channels (10) are arranged in a star shape; a filter screen is provided at the upper end of the circular hole channels (10); The air-coal mixture inlet pipe (7) includes a horizontal pipe that extends into the separator cylinder (5). One end of the horizontal pipe is connected to a bend, and the other end of the bend is connected to a vertical pipe. The axis of the vertical pipe coincides with the axis of the separator cylinder (5). The separator cylinder (5) is provided with an upper end cap (3) at the top and a lower end cap (8) at the bottom. An air outlet (2) is provided at the center of the top of the upper end cap (3) and a pulverized coal outlet (9) is provided at the bottom of the lower end cap (8). The upper end cap (3) and the lower end cap (8) are both connected to the separator cylinder (5) through flanges.

Images