A hanger post mounting bolt pull test device and method of use

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of hanging column mounting bolt pull-out test device and its using method, belong to tunnel construction technical field.It includes: general frame, rotating mechanism, XY horizontal displacement mechanism, swing mechanism, feed mechanism, pull-out mechanism, control system, the three-dimensional space position of the feed mechanism adjustable pull-out mechanism;XY horizontal displacement mechanism is not limited in the moving direction on the plane parallel with the base of rotating mechanism;The end face formed in the top of general frame is adapted with the inner wall arc surface of tunnel.The application solves the limitation that pull-out device can only work in plane, realizes the pull-out work on the inner arc structure surface of tunnel, can simultaneously carry out batch testing to multiple bolts, and is suitable for the distribution working condition of multiple bolts, improves the efficiency of tunnel installation bolt pull-out test, high flexibility, wider application range, improves the safety of tunnel construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, specifically to a bolt pull-out testing device for a suspended column and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the method for installing tunnel suspension columns involves first fixing bolts to the tunnel wall, specifically by using a special adhesive to secure the bolts into drilled holes, before connecting the suspension columns. The strength of the bolts fixed to the tunnel wall is crucial for the installation of the suspension columns and the overall safety of the tunnel. Therefore, after installing the bolts and before installing the suspension columns, a pull-out test is required to ensure the feasibility of subsequent installation.

[0003] Currently, some bolt pull-out devices exist in China, mostly used for bolt pull-out testing in planar surfaces such as ceilings and curtain walls. The objects being tested are typically on a flat surface, limiting the scope of their application. However, the inner wall of a tunnel is a relatively long arc. If a pull-out device designed for flat surfaces is used for bolt pull-out testing, it cannot adequately adapt to the curved tunnel wall, leading to inaccurate test results and posing certain safety hazards.

[0004] Furthermore, most current bolt pulling devices have only one pulling mechanism, which can only be tested one by one, making batch testing impossible and often resulting in low efficiency. Existing multi-head pulling devices cannot adjust the distance between each individual pulling mechanism, meaning that one set of devices can only be used for one type of bolt distribution, resulting in poor flexibility and low work efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a bolt pull-out testing device for suspended columns and its usage method. The purpose is to overcome the limitation that pull-out devices can only operate on a flat surface, and to realize pull-out work on the surface of arc-shaped structures inside tunnels, thereby improving the efficiency of bolt pull-out testing in tunnels, offering high flexibility, wider applicability, and enhanced safety in tunnel construction.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0007] A bolt pull-out testing device for a suspended column includes: a main frame, a rotary mechanism, an XY horizontal displacement mechanism, a swing mechanism, a feed mechanism, a pull-out mechanism, and a control system. The rotary mechanism, XY horizontal displacement mechanism, swing mechanism, feed mechanism, and pull-out mechanism are sequentially connected from bottom to top in the vertical direction. The rotary mechanism is installed in the middle of the main frame and is connected to the lower end of the XY horizontal displacement mechanism. The swing mechanism is slidably connected to the XY horizontal displacement mechanism, and the pull-out mechanism is slidably connected to the feed mechanism. The feed mechanism can adjust the three-dimensional spatial position of the pull-out mechanism. The XY horizontal displacement mechanism has unrestricted movement direction on a plane parallel to the base of the rotary mechanism. The end face formed at the top of the main frame is adapted to the arc-shaped surface of the inner wall of the tunnel. The rotary mechanism, XY horizontal displacement mechanism, swing mechanism, feed mechanism, and pull-out mechanism are all electrically connected to the control system.

[0008] Preferably, the overall frame includes: an outer frame, a universal adjustment support assembly, and a frame connection assembly, wherein the frame connection assembly is installed in the middle of the outer frame, and the lower part of the slewing mechanism is connected to the frame connection assembly.

[0009] The outer frame includes a base frame and columns. The columns are vertically installed on the base frame. The universal adjustment support assembly is connected to the column ball and is a telescopic structure.

[0010] Preferably, the rotary mechanism includes: a rotary assembly, a rotary motor, and a rotary base. The rotary motor is mounted on the rotary base, the rotary assembly is installed in conjunction with the rotary motor, the rotary assembly is connected to the lower end of the XY horizontal displacement mechanism, and the rotary base is connected to the overall frame.

[0011] Preferably, the XY horizontal displacement mechanism includes: an X-axis sliding component and a Y-axis sliding component, the X-axis sliding component and the Y-axis sliding component are arranged crosswise, the Y-axis sliding component is located above the X-axis sliding component, the X-axis sliding component and the Y-axis sliding component are slidably connected, the X-axis sliding component and the Y-axis sliding component slide relative to each other in the horizontal and vertical directions, the lower end of the X-axis sliding component is connected to the rotating part of the rotary mechanism, the Y-axis sliding component is slidably connected to the swing mechanism, the swing mechanism and the Y-axis sliding component slide relative to each other in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0012] Furthermore, both the X-axis sliding assembly and the Y-axis sliding assembly include: a connecting seat, a guide rail, a slider, a lead screw support seat, and a lead screw. The guide rail is mounted on the connecting seat, and there are two guide rails arranged in parallel. The sliders are mounted in pairs on the two guide rails, and there is at least one pair of sliders. The lead screw is disposed between the two guide rails, and both ends of the lead screw are mounted on the lead screw support seat. The lead screw support seat is mounted on the connecting seat, and a connecting block is sleeved on the lead screw. A drive motor is disposed inside the lead screw support seat, and the drive motor is installed in conjunction with the lead screw. The lower end of the connecting seat of the Y-axis sliding assembly is connected to the slider and connecting block of the X-axis sliding assembly, and the slider and connecting block of the Y-axis sliding assembly are connected to the lower end of the swing mechanism.

[0013] Preferably, the swing mechanism includes: a swing mechanism connecting frame, a drive assembly, and a feed mechanism connecting frame. The lower end of the swing mechanism connecting frame is connected to the XY horizontal displacement mechanism. The drive assembly is mounted on the swing mechanism connecting frame. The feed mechanism connecting frame is hinged to the swing mechanism connecting frame. The drive assembly is hinged to the feed mechanism connecting frame. The feed mechanism connecting frame is connected to the bottom of the feed mechanism.

[0014] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes: an adjustment component, a feeding base, a feeding frame, a feeding drive component, and a feeding guide slider. The lower end of the feeding base is connected to the swing mechanism. The feeding frame and the feeding base are slidably connected in the vertical direction via the feeding guide slider. The feeding drive component is mounted on the feeding base. The drive part of the feeding drive component is connected to the feeding frame. The adjustment component is mounted on the upper part of the feeding frame. The pulling mechanism is detachably connected to the adjustment component.

[0015] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly includes: an X-direction guide rail, a Y-direction slider, a Y-direction guide rail, an X-direction slider, a pulling mechanism fixing assembly, a feed screw, and a feed screw support. The X-direction guide rail and the Y-direction guide rail are cross-mounted on the upper part of the feed frame. The Y-direction slider and the X-direction slider are respectively mounted on the Y-direction guide rail and the X-direction guide rail. The Y-direction slider and the X-direction slider are connected to the corresponding feed screw. Both ends of the feed screw are installed in conjunction with the feed screw support. The feed screw support is internally equipped with a feed drive motor, which is installed in conjunction with the feed screw. The pulling mechanism fixing assembly is detachably connected to the Y-direction slider and the X-direction slider, and the pulling mechanism is detachably connected to the pulling mechanism fixing assembly.

[0016] Preferably, the pulling mechanism includes: a pulling mechanism connecting assembly, a push-pull rod, a pulling cylinder, a sleeve, and a pulling head. The push-pull rod and the pulling cylinder form a piston mechanism. The sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the push-pull rod and is connected to the pulling cylinder. The push-pull rod is connected to the outer wall of the sleeve by the pulling mechanism connecting assembly. The pulling mechanism connecting assembly is detachably connected to the feeding mechanism. The pulling head is located inside the sleeve and is detachably connected to the front end of the push-pull rod.

[0017] A method for using a bolt pull-out testing device for a hanging column includes the following steps:

[0018] S1: The entire device is fixed to the arc-shaped inner wall of the tunnel by the main frame, and the end face formed by the top of the main frame is adapted to the arc-shaped surface of the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0019] S2: The angle of the device is adjusted by controlling the rotation mechanism around the vertical axis through the control system.

[0020] S3: The XY horizontal displacement mechanism is controlled by the control system to achieve fine-tuning of the device's displacement on a plane parallel to the base of the rotary mechanism.

[0021] S4: Adjust the central axis of the pulling mechanism to a position parallel to the normal line of the tunnel inner wall by means of the swing mechanism;

[0022] S5: Adjust the drawing mechanism to the appropriate drawing height using the feeding mechanism;

[0023] S6: Based on the actual distribution of bolts, adjust the number and position of the pulling mechanism and align it with the bolts, then perform a pulling test on the bolts using the pulling mechanism.

[0024] This invention improves and expands the functionality of traditional pull-out testing tools, overcoming the limitation that pull-out devices can only operate on a plane. It can simultaneously perform batch testing on multiple bolts and is applicable to various bolt distribution conditions, improving the efficiency of pull-out testing of bolts in tunnel installations. It is highly flexible, has a wider range of applications, and enhances the safety of tunnel construction. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The present invention will be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall framework structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the XY horizontal displacement mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the swing mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the drawing mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0032] Icons: 1-Main frame, 101-Outer frame, 102-Universal adjustment support assembly, 103-Frame connection assembly, 2-Rotation mechanism, 3-XY horizontal displacement mechanism, 301-Connecting seat, 302-Guide rail, 303-Slider, 304-Lead screw support seat, 305-Lead screw, 4-Swing mechanism, 401-Swing mechanism connecting frame, 402-Drive assembly, 403-Feed mechanism connecting frame, 5-Feed mechanism, 50 1-X-direction guide rail, 502-Y-direction slider, 503-Y-direction guide rail, 504-feed base, 505-feed frame, 506-feed drive assembly, 507-feed guide rail slider, 508-X-direction slider, 509-pull mechanism fixing assembly, 6-pull mechanism, 601-pull mechanism connecting assembly, 602-push-pull rod, 603-pull cylinder body, 604-sleeve, 605-pull head, 7-bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0034] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] The following is combined with Figures 1-6 The present invention will be described in detail below.

[0036] A method for using a bolt pull-out testing device for a hanging column includes the following steps:

[0037] S1: The entire device is fixed to the arc-shaped inner wall of the tunnel by the main frame 1, and the end face formed at the top of the main frame 1 is adapted to the arc-shaped surface of the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0038] S2: The angle of the device is adjusted by controlling the rotation mechanism 2 to rotate around the vertical axis through the control system.

[0039] S3: The XY horizontal displacement mechanism 3 is controlled by the control system to achieve fine-tuning of the device's displacement on a plane parallel to the base of the rotary mechanism 2.

[0040] S4: Adjust the central axis of the pulling mechanism 6 to a position parallel to the normal line of the tunnel inner wall by using the swing mechanism 4;

[0041] S5: Adjust the drawing mechanism 6 to a suitable drawing height using the feed mechanism 5;

[0042] S6: Based on the actual distribution of bolts 7, adjust the number and position of the pulling mechanism 6 and align it with the bolts 7, and perform a pulling test on the bolts 7 through the pulling mechanism 6.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] A bolt pull-out testing device for a suspended column includes: a main frame 1, a rotary mechanism 2, an XY horizontal displacement mechanism 3, a swing mechanism 4, a feed mechanism 5, a pull-out mechanism 6, and a control system. The rotary mechanism 2, XY horizontal displacement mechanism 3, swing mechanism 4, feed mechanism 5, and pull-out mechanism 6 are sequentially connected from bottom to top in the vertical direction. The rotary mechanism 2 is installed in the middle of the main frame 1 and is connected to the lower end of the XY horizontal displacement mechanism 3. The swing mechanism 4 is slidably connected to the XY horizontal displacement mechanism 3, and the pull-out mechanism 6 is slidably connected to the feed mechanism 5. The feed mechanism 5 can adjust the three-dimensional spatial position of the pull-out mechanism 6. The XY horizontal displacement mechanism 3 has unrestricted movement direction on a plane parallel to the base of the rotary mechanism 2. The end face formed at the top of the main frame 1 is adapted to the arc-shaped surface of the inner wall of the tunnel. The rotary mechanism 2, XY horizontal displacement mechanism 3, swing mechanism 4, feed mechanism 5, and pull-out mechanism 6 are all electrically connected to the control system.

[0045] The overall frame 1 includes: an outer frame 101, a universal adjustment support assembly 102, and a frame connection assembly 103. The frame connection assembly 103 is installed in the middle of the outer frame 101, and the lower part of the rotary mechanism 2 is connected to the frame connection assembly 103.

[0046] The outer frame (101) includes a base frame and columns. The columns are vertically installed on the base frame. The universal adjustment support assembly (102) is connected to the column ball. The universal adjustment support assembly 102 is a telescopic structure.

[0047] The rotary mechanism 2 includes: a rotary assembly, a rotary motor, and a rotary base. The rotary motor is mounted on the rotary base, and the rotary assembly is installed in conjunction with the rotary motor. The rotary assembly is connected to the lower end of the XY horizontal displacement mechanism 3, and the rotary base is connected to the main frame 1.

[0048] The XY horizontal displacement mechanism 3 includes an X-axis sliding component and a Y-axis sliding component, which are arranged crosswise. The Y-axis sliding component is located above the X-axis sliding component and is slidably connected to the X-axis sliding component. The X-axis sliding component and the Y-axis sliding component slide relative to each other in the horizontal and vertical directions. The lower end of the X-axis sliding component is connected to the rotating part of the rotary mechanism 2. The Y-axis sliding component is slidably connected to the swing mechanism 4, and the swing mechanism 4 slides relative to the Y-axis sliding component in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0049] The swing mechanism 4 includes: a swing mechanism connecting frame 401, a drive assembly 402, and a feed mechanism connecting frame 403. The lower end of the swing mechanism connecting frame 401 is connected to the XY horizontal displacement mechanism 3. The drive assembly 402 is mounted on the swing mechanism connecting frame 401. The feed mechanism connecting frame 403 is hinged to the swing mechanism connecting frame 401. The drive assembly 402 is hinged to the feed mechanism connecting frame 403. The feed mechanism connecting frame 403 is connected to the bottom of the feed mechanism 5.

[0050] The feeding mechanism 5 includes: an adjustment component, a feeding base 504, a feeding frame 505, a feeding drive component 506, and a feeding guide slider 507. The lower end of the feeding base 504 is connected to the swing mechanism 4. The feeding frame 505 and the feeding base 504 are slidably connected in the vertical direction through the feeding guide slider 507. The feeding drive component 506 is mounted on the feeding base 504. The driving part of the feeding drive component 506 is connected to the feeding frame 505. The adjustment component is mounted on the upper part of the feeding frame 505. The pulling mechanism 6 is detachably connected to the adjustment component.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] Both the X-axis sliding assembly and the Y-axis sliding assembly include: a connecting seat 301, a guide rail 302, a slider 303, a lead screw support seat 304, and a lead screw 305. The guide rail 302 is mounted on the connecting seat 301, and there are two guide rails 302 arranged parallel to each other. Slider 303 are mounted in pairs on the two guide rails 302, and there is at least one pair of sliders 303. The lead screw 305 is positioned between the two guide rails 302, with both ends mounted on the lead screw support seat 304. The lead screw support seat 304 is mounted on the connecting seat 301, and a connecting block is sleeved on the lead screw 305. A drive motor is installed inside the lead screw support seat 304, and the drive motor is installed in conjunction with the lead screw 305. The lower end of the connecting seat 301 of the Y-axis sliding assembly is connected to the slider 303 and the connecting block of the X-axis sliding assembly, and the slider 303 and the connecting block of the Y-axis sliding assembly are connected to the lower end of the swing mechanism 4.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] The adjustment assembly includes: an X-direction guide rail 501, a Y-direction slider 502, a Y-direction guide rail 503, an X-direction slider 508, a pulling mechanism fixing assembly 509, a feed screw, and a feed screw support. The X-direction guide rail 501 and the Y-direction guide rail 503 are cross-mounted on the upper part of the feed frame 505. The Y-direction slider 502 and the X-direction slider 508 are respectively mounted on the Y-direction guide rail 503 and the X-direction guide rail 501. The Y-direction slider 502 and the X-direction slider 508 are connected to the corresponding feed screws. The two ends of the feed screw are installed in conjunction with the feed screw support. The feed screw support is equipped with a feed drive motor, which is installed in conjunction with the feed screw. The pulling mechanism fixing assembly 509 is detachably connected to the Y-direction slider 502 and the X-direction slider 508. The pulling mechanism 6 is detachably connected to the pulling mechanism fixing assembly 509.

[0055] When it is necessary to adjust the distance between individual pulling mechanisms 6, the number and relative position of the pulling mechanisms 6 can be adjusted by disassembling and installing the pulling mechanism fixing assembly 509 and adjusting the X-direction guide rail 501, X-direction slider 508, Y-direction slider 502, and Y-direction guide rail 503.

[0056] The drawing mechanism 6 includes: a drawing mechanism connecting assembly 601, a push-pull rod 602, a drawing cylinder 603, a sleeve 604, and a drawing head 605. The push-pull rod 602 and the drawing cylinder 603 form a piston mechanism. The sleeve 604 is sleeved on the outside of the push-pull rod 602 and is connected to the drawing cylinder 603. The push-pull rod 602 is connected to the outer wall of the sleeve 604 by the drawing mechanism connecting assembly 601. The drawing mechanism connecting assembly 601 is detachably connected to the feeding mechanism 5. The drawing head 605 is located inside the sleeve 604 and is detachably connected to the front end of the push-pull rod 602.

[0057] The entire pull-out test process is as follows:

[0058] First, adjust the entire device for testing the pull-out of the bolts for the hanging column installation to the designated position. Then, make the universal adjustable support component 102 on the main frame 1 fit against the arc-shaped inner wall of the tunnel. That is, adjust the extension and rotation angle of the universal adjustable support component 102 according to the actual position to make it fit and fix it against the arc-shaped inner wall of the tunnel as completely as possible, so as to ensure the stability of the device during operation.

[0059] Then, the spatial position of the feed mechanism 5 is adjusted by the coordinated operation of the rotary mechanism 2, the XY horizontal displacement mechanism 3, and the swing mechanism 4, so that the upper end face of the feed mechanism 5 is aligned with the bolt 7 to be pulled out.

[0060] The feeding mechanism 5 then feeds the bolt 7 to the bolt 7, allowing the bolt 7 to enter the chamber of the pulling head 605. The XY horizontal displacement mechanism 3 then moves the pulling mechanism 6 to a position that can hold the bolt 7 for pulling. The number of pulling mechanisms 6 installed on the feeding mechanism 5 can be adjusted according to the actual number and distribution of the bolts 7. The distribution of the pulling mechanisms 6 can be adjusted by the feeding mechanism 5 to match the actual distribution of the bolts 7.

[0061] This solves the limitation of existing pull-out devices that can only operate on a flat surface, and enables pull-out work on the surface of arc-shaped structures inside tunnels. It can simultaneously perform batch testing on multiple bolts 7 and is applicable to various bolt distribution conditions, improving the efficiency of bolt pull-out testing in tunnel installations. It is highly flexible, has a wider range of applications, and enhances the safety of tunnel construction.

[0062] The embodiments described above merely illustrate specific implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are detailed and specific, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the technical solution of this application, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A device for testing the pull-out of bolts used in the installation of a hanging column, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a main frame (1), a rotary mechanism (2), an XY horizontal displacement mechanism (3), a swing mechanism (4), a feed mechanism (5), a pulling mechanism (6), and a control system. The rotary mechanism (2), XY horizontal displacement mechanism (3), swing mechanism (4), feed mechanism (5), and pulling mechanism (6) are connected sequentially from bottom to top in the vertical direction. The rotary mechanism (2) is installed in the middle of the main frame (1). The rotary mechanism (2) is connected to the lower end of the XY horizontal displacement mechanism (3). The swing mechanism (4) is connected to the lower end of the XY horizontal displacement mechanism (3). The mechanism (3) is slidably connected, the pulling mechanism (6) is slidably connected to the feeding mechanism (5), and the feeding mechanism (5) can adjust the three-dimensional spatial position of the pulling mechanism (6); the XY horizontal displacement mechanism (3) is not restricted in its direction of movement on a plane parallel to the base of the rotary mechanism (2); the end face formed at the top of the overall frame (1) is adapted to the arc-shaped surface of the inner wall of the tunnel; the rotary mechanism (2), the XY horizontal displacement mechanism (3), the swing mechanism (4), the feeding mechanism (5), and the pulling mechanism (6) are all electrically connected to the control system; The feeding mechanism (5) includes: an adjustment component, a feeding base (504), a feeding frame (505), a feeding drive component (506), and a feeding guide slider (507). The lower end of the feeding base (504) is connected to the swing mechanism (4). The feeding frame (505) and the feeding base (504) are slidably connected in the vertical direction through the feeding guide slider (507). The feeding drive component (506) is mounted on the feeding base (504). The driving part of the feeding drive component (506) is connected to the feeding frame (505). The adjustment component is mounted on the upper part of the feeding frame (505). The pulling mechanism (6) is detachably connected to the adjustment component. The adjustment assembly includes: an X-direction guide rail (501), a Y-direction slider (502), a Y-direction guide rail (503), an X-direction slider (508), a pulling mechanism fixing assembly (509), a feed screw, and a feed screw support. The X-direction guide rail (501) and the Y-direction guide rail (503) are cross-mounted on the upper part of the feed frame (505). The Y-direction slider (502) and the X-direction slider (508) are respectively mounted on the Y-direction guide rail (503) and the X-direction guide rail (501). The Y-direction slider (502) and the X-direction slider (508) are connected to the corresponding feed screws. The pulling mechanism fixing assembly (509) is detachably connected to the Y-direction slider (502) and the X-direction slider (508). The pulling mechanism (6) is detachably connected to the pulling mechanism fixing assembly (509). Each of the aforementioned pulling mechanisms (6) includes: a pulling mechanism connecting assembly (601), a push-pull rod (602), a pulling cylinder (603), a sleeve (604), and a pulling head (605); When it is necessary to adjust the distance between individual pulling mechanisms (6), the number and relative position of the pulling mechanisms (6) can be adjusted by disassembling and installing the pulling mechanism fixing assembly (509) and adjusting the X-direction guide rail (501), X-direction slider (508), Y-direction slider (502), and Y-direction guide rail (503).

2. The bolt pull-out testing device for a hanging column as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The overall frame (1) includes: an outer frame (101), a universal adjustment support assembly (102), and a frame connection assembly (103). The frame connection assembly (103) is installed in the middle of the outer frame (101), and the lower part of the slewing mechanism (2) is connected to the frame connection assembly (103). The outer frame (101) includes a bottom frame and a column. The column is vertically installed on the bottom frame. The universal adjustment support assembly (102) is connected to the column ball. The universal adjustment support assembly (102) is a telescopic structure.

3. The device for testing the pull-out of bolts for a hanging column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary mechanism (2) includes: a rotary assembly, a rotary motor, and a rotary base. The rotary motor is mounted on the rotary base. The rotary assembly is installed in conjunction with the rotary motor. The rotary assembly is connected to the lower end of the XY horizontal displacement mechanism (3). The rotary base is connected to the main frame (1).

4. The bolt pull-out testing device for a hanging column as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The XY horizontal displacement mechanism (3) includes: an X-axis sliding component and a Y-axis sliding component. The X-axis sliding component and the Y-axis sliding component are arranged crosswise. The Y-axis sliding component is located above the X-axis sliding component. The X-axis sliding component and the Y-axis sliding component are slidably connected. The X-axis sliding component and the Y-axis sliding component slide relative to each other in the horizontal and vertical directions. The lower end of the X-axis sliding component is connected to the rotating part of the rotary mechanism (2). The Y-axis sliding component is slidably connected to the swing mechanism (4). The swing mechanism (4) and the Y-axis sliding component slide relative to each other in the horizontal and vertical directions.

5. The bolt pull-out testing device for a hanging column as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Both the X-axis sliding assembly and the Y-axis sliding assembly include: a connecting seat (301), a guide rail (302), a slider (303), a lead screw support seat (304), and a lead screw (305). The guide rail (302) is mounted on the connecting seat (301), and there are two guide rails (302) arranged in parallel. The sliders (303) are mounted in pairs on the two guide rails (302), and there is at least one pair of sliders (303). The lead screw (305) is disposed between the two guide rails (302). The two ends of (305) are mounted on the lead screw support seat (304), the lead screw support seat (304) is mounted on the connecting seat (301), the lead screw (305) is fitted with a connecting block, the lead screw support seat (304) is equipped with a drive motor, the drive motor is installed in cooperation with the lead screw (305); the lower end of the connecting seat (301) of the Y-axis sliding component is connected to the slider (303) and connecting block of the X-axis sliding component, and the slider (303) and connecting block of the Y-axis sliding component are connected to the lower end of the swing mechanism (4).

6. The device for testing the pull-out of bolts for a hanging column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The swing mechanism (4) includes: a swing mechanism connecting frame (401), a drive assembly (402), and a feed mechanism connecting frame (403). The lower end of the swing mechanism connecting frame (401) is connected to the XY horizontal displacement mechanism (3). The drive assembly (402) is mounted on the swing mechanism connecting frame (401). The feed mechanism connecting frame (403) is hinged to the swing mechanism connecting frame (401). The drive assembly (402) is hinged to the feed mechanism connecting frame (403). The feed mechanism connecting frame (403) is connected to the bottom of the feed mechanism (5).

7. The device for testing the pull-out of bolts for a hanging column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the feed screw are fitted with feed screw support seats. The feed screw support seats are equipped with feed drive motors, which are fitted with the feed screws.

8. The bolt pull-out testing device for a hanging column as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The push-pull rod (602) and the drawing cylinder (603) form a piston mechanism. The sleeve (604) is sleeved on the outside of the push-pull rod (602) and is connected to the drawing cylinder (603). The drawing mechanism connecting assembly (601) of the push-pull rod (602) is connected to the outer wall of the sleeve (604). The drawing mechanism connecting assembly (601) is detachably connected to the feeding mechanism (5). The drawing head (605) is located inside the sleeve (604) and is detachably connected to the front end of the push-pull rod (602).

9. A method for using a bolt pull-out testing device for a hanging column, characterized in that, The method of using a bolt pull-out testing device for a hanging column as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 includes the following steps: S1: The entire device is fixed to the arc-shaped inner wall of the tunnel by the main frame (1), and the end face formed at the top of the main frame (1) is adapted to the arc-shaped inner wall of the tunnel. S2: The angle of the device is adjusted by controlling the rotation mechanism (2) around the vertical axis through the control system; S3: The XY horizontal displacement mechanism (3) is controlled by the control system to achieve fine-tuning of the device's displacement on a plane parallel to the base of the rotary mechanism (2); S4: Adjust the central axis of the pulling mechanism (6) to a position parallel to the normal of the tunnel inner wall by means of the swing mechanism (4); S5: Adjust the drawing mechanism (6) to a suitable drawing height using the feeding mechanism (5); S6: Based on the actual distribution of bolts (7), adjust the number and position of the pulling mechanism (6) and align it with the bolts (7), and perform a pulling test on the bolts (7) through the pulling mechanism (6).

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