Optical layered composite with a coating having a thickness below a threshold value and its use in augmented reality

Abstract

In general, the present invention relates to an optical layered composite, in particular for use in an augmented reality device. In particular, the present invention relates to an optical layered composite and a process for the preparation thereof, a device comprising an optical layered composite and a process for the preparation thereof, the use of an optical layered composite in an augmented reality device. The present invention relates to an optical layered composite comprising: i.) a substrate having a front side, a back side, a thickness d s and a refractive index n s between the front side and the back side, and ii.) a coating applied on the front side, the coating comprising one or more coating layers, wherein for at least one wavelength λ g in the range of 390 nm to 700 nm the coating satisfies the following criterion: n c > n s , wherein n c is the thickness-weighted average refractive index of the coating; d c is the total thickness of the coating; thickness is determined in a direction perpendicular to the front side; k = λ g / 4π.

Description

[0001] This invention application is a divisional application of Chinese patent application 201910709157.4. Technical Field

[0002] Generally, the present invention relates to an optical layered composite material, particularly for use in augmented reality devices. Specifically, the present invention relates to an optical layered composite material and its preparation process, an apparatus comprising the optical layered composite material and its preparation process, and the use of the optical layered composite material in augmented reality devices. Background Technology

[0003] Augmented reality (AR) is a highly active technology field, serving a range of applications including entertainment, healthcare, education, architecture, and transportation (to name just a few). Compared to related fields of virtual reality (VR), AR typically focuses on the tight integration of multimedia information with real-world sensory input by selectively overlaying digital images onto the window of glasses. The technical challenge lies in simultaneously satisfying the requirements of good real-world imagery, good overlay imagery, and good durability. A method for an AR device has been presented in WO 2017 / 176861 A1. This document proposes a system in which overlay images are coupled to a wearable screen and propagated laterally. However, requirements remain for improved devices used in AR. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One object of the present invention is to overcome at least one challenge in the prior art related to augmented reality devices, particularly related to the propagation of images in optical bodies.

[0005] One object of the present invention is to improve the field of view in augmented reality devices.

[0006] One object of the present invention is to increase the transmittance of an image as it propagates laterally in an optical body.

[0007] One object of the present invention is to improve color fidelity in augmented reality devices.

[0008] One object of the present invention is to provide a device in which the lateral propagation of an image is improved, while achieving good anti-reflection properties for longitudinally incident light.

[0009] One object of the present invention is to provide an augmented reality device that is lightweight and has good optical performance.

[0010] The present invention contributes to achieving at least part of at least one of the above objectives through embodiments thereof. Hereinafter, the Xth embodiment is designated as |X|.

[0011] |1| An optical layered composite material comprising:

[0012] i.) A substrate having a front side, a back side, and a thickness d between the front side and the back side. s and refractive index n s ,as well as

[0013] ii.) A coating applied to the front side, said coating comprising one or more coating layers.

[0014] Among them, at least one wavelength λ in the range of 390nm to 700nm g The coating meets the following criteria:

[0015] A

[0016] i.)n c <n s ;or

[0017] ii.)n c >n s ,and

[0018] Where, n c It is the thickness-weighted average refractive index of the coating layer;

[0019] d c It is the total thickness of the coating;

[0020] The thickness is determined in a direction perpendicular to the front surface;

[0021] k = λ g / 4π.

[0022] In one aspect of this embodiment, for at least one wavelength λ in the range of 390 nm to 700 nm g (i.) This satisfies sub-criteria i.). In another aspect of this embodiment, for at least one wavelength λ in the range of 390 nm to 700 nm... g (This satisfies sub-standard ii.).

[0023] |2|According to the optical layered composite material of Example|1|, wherein at least one wavelength λ in the range of 390 nm to 700 nm is... g The coating meets the following criteria:

[0024] B

[0025] ib.)n c <n s ;or

[0026] iib.)n c >n s and

[0027] Where, n c It is the thickness-weighted average refractive index of the coating layer;

[0028] d c It is the total thickness of the coating;

[0029] The thickness is determined in the direction perpendicular to the front side;

[0030] k = λ g / 4π.

[0031] In one aspect of this embodiment, for at least one wavelength λ in the range of 390 nm to 700 nm g (This satisfies sub-standard ib.). In another aspect of this embodiment, for at least one wavelength λ in the range of 390 nm to 700 nm... g (This satisfies sub-standard iib.)

[0032] |3|According to the optical layered composite material of Example|1|, wherein at least one wavelength λ in the range of 390 nm to 700 nm is... g The coating meets the following criteria:

[0033] C

[0034] ic.)n c <n s ;or

[0035] iic.)n c >n s and

[0036] Where, n c It is the thickness-weighted average refractive index of the coating layer;

[0037] d c It is the total thickness of the coating;

[0038] The thickness is determined in the direction perpendicular to the front side;

[0039] k = λ g / 4π.

[0040] In one aspect of this embodiment, for at least one wavelength λ in the range of 390 nm to 700 nm g (This satisfies the sub-standard ic.). In another aspect of this embodiment, for at least one wavelength λ in the range of 390nm to 700nm... g (This satisfies the sub-standard iic.)

[0041] |4|According to the optical layered composite material described in Example|1|, wherein at each wavelength λ gAt wavelengths of 450 nm, 550 nm, and 650 nm, criterion A is satisfied. In one aspect of this embodiment, at each wavelength λ... g At 450nm, 550nm, and 650nm, sub-criteria i. is satisfied. In another aspect of this embodiment, at each wavelength λ... g =At 450nm, 550nm and 650nm, sub-criteria ii.) is satisfied.

[0042] |5|According to the optical layered composite material of Example|2|, wherein, at each wavelength λ g At wavelengths of 450 nm, 550 nm, and 650 nm, criterion B is satisfied. In one aspect of this embodiment, at each wavelength λ... g At 450nm, 550nm, and 650nm, sub-criteria ib. is satisfied. In another aspect of this embodiment, at each wavelength λ... g =At 450nm, 550nm and 650nm, sub-standard iib is satisfied.

[0043] |6|According to the optical layered composite material of Example|3|, wherein, at each wavelength λ g At wavelengths of 450 nm, 550 nm, and 650 nm, standard C is satisfied. In one aspect of this embodiment, at each wavelength λ... g At 450nm, 550nm, and 650nm, the sub-standard ic is satisfied. In another aspect of this embodiment, at each wavelength λ... g =At 450nm, 550nm and 650nm, the sub-standard iic is satisfied.

[0044] |7|According to the optical layered composite material of Example|1|, wherein each wavelength λ in the range of 390 nm to 700 nm g At this location, standard A is met. In one aspect of this embodiment, for each wavelength λ in the range of 390 nm to 700 nm... g At this point, sub-criteria i. is satisfied. In another aspect of this embodiment, for each wavelength λ in the range of 390nm to 700nm... g (At this point, sub-criteria ii.)

[0045] |8|According to the optical layered composite material of Example|2|, wherein each wavelength λ in the range of 390 nm to 700 nm g At this location, standard B is met. In one aspect of this embodiment, for each wavelength λ in the range of 390 nm to 700 nm... g At this point, sub-standard ib is satisfied. In another aspect of this embodiment, for each wavelength λ in the range of 390nm to 700nm... g At this point, sub-standard iib is satisfied.

[0046] |9|According to the optical layered composite material of Example|3|, wherein each wavelength λ in the range of 390 nm to 700 nm g At this location, standard C is satisfied. In one aspect of this embodiment, for each wavelength λ in the range of 390 nm to 700 nm... g At this point, the sub-standard ic is satisfied. In another aspect of this embodiment, each wavelength λ in the range of 390nm to 700nm... g At this point, the sub-standard iic is satisfied.

[0047] |10| The optical layered composite material according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the coating has 2 to 10, preferably 3 to 9, and more preferably 4 to 8 coating layers. In one aspect of this embodiment, the optical layered composite material includes or has 2 to 10 coating layers, each with a thickness greater than 5 nm, preferably 3 to 9 coating layers, each with a thickness greater than 5 nm, and more preferably 4 to 8 coating layers, each with a thickness greater than 5 nm. In addition to coating layers each with a thickness greater than 5 nm, the layered composite material may also contain one or more coatings with a thickness of 5 nm or less.

[0048] |11| The optical layered composite material according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the coating has two or more, preferably three or more, more preferably four or more coating layers. In one aspect of this embodiment, the optical layered composite material includes or has two or more coating layers, each with a thickness greater than 5 nm, preferably three or more coating layers, each with a thickness greater than 5 nm, more preferably four or more coating layers, each with a thickness greater than 5 nm. In addition to coating layers with a thickness greater than 5 nm, the layered composite material may also include one or more coatings with a thickness of 5 nm or less.

[0049] |12| The optical layered composite material according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the coating has up to 10, preferably up to 9, and more preferably up to 8 coating layers. In one aspect of this embodiment, the optical layered composite material includes or has up to 10 coating layers, preferably up to 9 coating layers, each with a thickness greater than 5 nm, and more preferably up to 8 coating layers, each with a thickness greater than 5 nm. In addition to coating layers each with a thickness greater than 5 nm, the layered composite material may also include one or more coatings with a thickness of 5 nm or less.

[0050] |13|The optical layered composite material according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the coating comprises a coating layer with a thickness in the range of 1 nm to 600 nm, preferably 5 nm to 400 nm, more preferably 8 nm to 300 nm, and more preferably 10 nm to 200 nm.

[0051] |14|The optical layered composite material according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the coating comprises a coating layer with a thickness of up to 600 nm, preferably up to 400 nm, more preferably up to 300 nm, and more preferably up to 200 nm.

[0052] |15|The optical layered composite material according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the coating comprises a coating layer with a thickness of at least 1 nm, preferably at least 5 nm, more preferably at least 8 nm, and more preferably at least 10 nm.

[0053] |16|The optical layered composite material according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the coating comprises a group A coating layer consisting of one or more coating layers with a refractive index of at least 1.7, and a group B coating layer consisting of one or more coating layers with a refractive index of less than 1.7.

[0054] |17|The optical layered composite material according to Example|16|, wherein the coating consists of alternating A-type and B-type coating regions;

[0055] The thickness of the type A coating region is 10 nm to 300 nm, and it consists of one or more coating layers, each of which satisfies one or both of sub-criteria i.) and ii.).

[0056] i.) Thickness of 5 nm or less;

[0057] ii.) The coating layer is a group A coating layer;

[0058] The thickness of the type B coating region is 10 nm to 300 nm, and it consists of one or more coating layers, each of which satisfies one or both of sub-standards iii.) and iv.).

[0059] iii.) Thickness of 5 nm or less;

[0060] iv.) The coating layer is a Group B coating layer.

[0061] |18|According to the optical layered composite material of Example|17|, the coating region farthest from the substrate is a type B coating region. In one aspect of this embodiment, the layer farthest from the substrate may be a group A coating layer with a thickness of 5 nm or less.

[0062] |19|The optical layered composite material according to Example|17| or|18|, wherein the coating has an even number of coating regions, and the coating region closest to the substrate is a type A coating region.

[0063] |20|The optical layered composite material according to Example|17| or|18|, wherein the coating has an odd number of coating regions, and the coating region closest to the substrate is a type B coating region.

[0064] |21|The optical layered composite material according to any one of Examples|16| to|20|, wherein the coating layer that is furthest from the substrate and has a thickness greater than 5 nm is a Group B coating layer.

[0065] |22| In the optical layered composite material according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, the refractive index of the substrate is 1.6 or higher, preferably 1.65 or higher, more preferably 1.7 or higher. In one aspect of this embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate is in the range of 1.6 to 2.4, more preferably 1.65 to 2.35, and most preferably 1.7 to 2.3. In one aspect of this embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate is at most 2.4, preferably at most 2.35, more preferably at most 2.3.

[0066] |23|The optical layered composite material according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein one or more of the following conditions are satisfied:

[0067] i.) Thickness d s Within the range of 10 μm to 1500 μm, more preferably within the range of 10 μm to 1000 μm, even more preferably within the range of 10 μm to 500 μm, even more preferably within the range of 20 μm to 450 μm, even more preferably within the range of 30 μm to 400 μm; or

[0068] Thickness d s The thickness is at least 10 μm, preferably at least 20 μm, more preferably at least 30 μm; or the thickness d s The maximum size is 1500 μm, more preferably 1000 μm, more preferably 500 μm, more preferably 450 μm, and more preferably 400 μm; or

[0069] ii.) The radius of curvature is greater than 600 mm, preferably greater than 800 mm, and more preferably greater than 1100 mm;

[0070] iii.) The in-plane optical loss measured perpendicular to the front is at most 20%, preferably at most 15%, and more preferably at most 10%;

[0071] iv.) The surface roughness of the substrate is less than 5 nm, preferably less than 3 nm, and more preferably less than 2 nm;

[0072] v.) The surface roughness of the coating is less than 5 nm, preferably less than 3 nm, and more preferably less than 2 nm;

[0073] vi.) The total thickness variation is less than 5 μm, preferably less than 4 μm, more preferably less than 3 μm, and even more preferably less than 2 μm;

[0074] vii.) The maximum local thickness variation on 75% of the front surface is less than 5 μm, preferably less than 4 μm, more preferably less than 3 μm, and even more preferably less than 2 μm;

[0075] viii.) Warp less than 350 μm, preferably less than 300 μm, more preferably less than 250 μm;

[0076] ix.) The bow distortion is less than 300 μm, preferably less than 250 μm, and more preferably less than 200 μm.

[0077] The following formulas are: ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+i.)+i.)+i.) +ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii. )+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+vi.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+vi.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)+vii.)+vii.) i.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+vi.)+iv.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vii.)+vii.)+i.)+i.) i.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iii.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+vi.)+iii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+viii.)+vii.)+vii.) .)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+vi.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+vi.)+vi.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vii.)+vii.)+vii.) i.)+vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)+i. ii.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vii.)+i.)+i.) .)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+iv.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+iii.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vii.)+i.))+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+iii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+ii.) +i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+i.)、ix. )+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.) )+iii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.) +v.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+ vii.)+v.)+iv.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+v.)+iv.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii. )+v.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+v.)+iii.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii .)+vii.)+v.)+iii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+v.)+iii.)、ix.)+viii.) +vii.)+v.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+v.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii. )+v.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+v.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+iv.)+iii.)+i i.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+iv. )+iii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+iv.)+iii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+iv. )+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+iv.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+iv.)+i .)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+iv.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.) +viii.)+vii.)+iii.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+iii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+iii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+ii. )、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vi.)+v.) +iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、ix.) +viii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.) 、ix.)+viii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+ ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)、i x.)+viii.)+vi.)+v.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vi.)+v.)+iii.)+ ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vi.)+v.)+iii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vi.)+v.)+iii.)、 ix.)+viii.)+vi.)+v.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vi.)+v.)+ii.)、ix.)+v iii.)+vi.)+v.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vi.)+v.)、ix.)+viii.)+vi.)+iv.)+ iii.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vi .)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vi.)+ iv.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vi.)+iv.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vi.)+iv.) +i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vi.)+iv.)、ix.)+viii.)+vi.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.) +viii.)+vi.)+iii.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vi.)+iii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.) +vi.)+iii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vi.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vi.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vi.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vi.)、ix.)+viii.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+v.)+iv.)+ iii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)、ix.)+viii.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.) +i.)、ix.)+viii.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+v.)+iv.)+i.)、ix.)+vi ii.)+v.)+iv.)、ix.)+viii.)+v.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+v.)+i ii.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+v.)+iii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+v.)+iii.)、ix.) +viii.)+v.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+v.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+v.)+i.)、 ix.)+viii.)+v.)、ix.)+viii.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+iv. )+iii.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+iv.)+iii.) 、ix.)+viii.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+iv.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+i v.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+iv.)、ix.)+viii.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii. )+iii.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+iii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+iii.)、ix.)+viii. )+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)、ix.)+v ii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii. )+ii.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+ iv.)+iii.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+i v.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iii. )+ii.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iii.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iii.) 、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+ii.)、ix.)+vii .)+vi.)+v.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.) +ii.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+ iii.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+ii.) +i.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+ii.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+i.)、ix.)+vi i.)+vi.)+iv.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+i ii.)+ii.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+iii.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+iii.)、ix.)+ vii.)+vi.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+ii.)、ix.)+vii.)+vi.)+i.)、i x.)+vii.)+vi.)、ix.)+vii.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.)+v. )+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、ix.)+vii.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.)+v.) +iv.)+iii.)、ix.)+vii.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.)+v.)+iv.)+ii .)、ix.)+vii.)+v.)+iv.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.)+v.)+iv.)、ix.)+vii.)+v.)+i ii.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.)+v.)+iii.)+ii.)、ix.)+vii.)+v.)+iii.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.)+v.)+iii.)、ix.)+vii.)+v.)+ii.)+i.) ii.)、ix.)+vii.)+v.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.)+v.)、ix.)+vii.)+iv.)+iii.)+i i.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、ix.)+vii.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)、i x.)+vii.)+iv.)+iii.)、ix.)+vii.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.)+iv.)+i i.)、ix.)+vii.)+iv.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.)+iv.)、ix.)+vii.)+iii.)+ii.)+ i.)、ix.)+vii.)+iii.)+ii.)、ix.)+vii.)+iii.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.)+iii.) 、ix.)+vii.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.)+ii.)、ix.)+vii.)+i.)、ix.)+vii.) 、ix.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii. )、ix.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)、ix.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)、ix.)+v i.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.)、ix.)+vi.)+v.)+iv. )+i.)、ix.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)、ix.)+vi.)+v.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+vi. )+v.)+iii.)+ii.)、ix.)+vi.)+v.)+iii.)+i.)、ix.)+vi.)+v.)+iii.)、ix .)+vi.)+v.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+vi.)+v.)+ii.)、ix.)+vi.)+v.)+i.)、ix.) +vi.)+v.)、ix.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii .)、ix.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)、ix.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)、ix.)+vi.)+iv. )+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+vi.)+iv.)+ii.)、ix.)+vi.)+iv.)+i.)、ix.)+vi.)+iv.)、ix.)+vi.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+vi.)+iii.)+ii.)、ix.)+vi.)+iii. )+i.)、ix.)+vi.)+iii.)、ix.)+vi.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+vi.)+ii.)、ix.)+v i.)+i.)、ix.)+vi.)、ix.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+v.)+iv.)+i ii.)+ii.)、ix.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)、ix.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)、ix.)+v.)+ iv.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.)、ix.)+v.)+iv.)+i.)、ix.)+v.)+iv The i.)、ix.)+v.)+iii.)、ix.)+v.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+v.)+ii.)、ix.)+v.)+i. ). v.)+iii.)+i.)、ix.)+iv.)+iii.)、ix.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+iv.)+ii. )+iv.)+i.)、ix.)+iv.)、ix.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.) ix.)+iii.)+i.)、ix.)+iii.)、ix.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+ii.)、ix.)+i.)、ix. ). .)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)、viii.) +vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)、viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.) viii.)+vii.)+v.)+v.)+v.)+ii.)、viii.)+v.)+v.)+v.))、viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iii.)+ii.)、viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iii.) +i.)、viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iii.)、viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+ii.)+i.) 、viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+ii.)、viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+i.)、viii.)+v ii.)+vi.)+v.)、viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、viii.)+vii. )+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)、viii.) +vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)、viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、viii.)+v ii.)+vi.)+iv.)+ii.)、viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+i.)、viii.)+vii.)+vi .)+iv.)、viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+iii. )+ii.)、vii.)+vii.)+vi.)+iii.)+i.)、viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+iii.)、vii i.)+vii.)+vi.)+ii.)+i.)、viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+ii.)、viii.)+vii.)+vi. )+i.)、viii.)+vii.)+vi.)、viii.)+vii.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、v iii.)+vii.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、viii.)+vii.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.) 、viii.)+vii.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)、viii.)+vii.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、vi ii.)+vii.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.)、viii.)+vii.)+v.)+iv.)+i.)、viii.)+vii.) +v.)+iv.)、viii.)+vii.)+v.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、viii.)+vii.)+v.)+iii .)+ii.)、viii.)+vii.)+v.)+iii.)+i.)、viii.)+vii.)+v.)+iii.)、viii.)+vii.)+v.)+ii.)+i.)、viii.)+vii.)+v.)+ii.)、viii.)+vii.)+v.)+i. ). .)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、viii.)+vii.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)、viii.)+vii.)+iv .)+iii.)、viii.)+vii.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、viii.)+vii.)+iv.)+ii.)、viii .)+vii.)+iv.)+i.)、viii.)+vii.)+iv.)、viii.)+vii.)+iii.)+ii.)+i. ). ii.)、viii.)+vii.)+ii.)+i.)、viii.)+vii.)+ii.) viii.)+vii.)、viii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、viii.)+vi.)+v. )+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、viii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)、viii.)+vi.)+v .)+iv.)+iii.)、viii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、viii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv. )+ii.)、viii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+i.)、viii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)、viii.)+vi .)+v.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、viii.)+vi.)+v.)+iii.)+ii.)、viii.)+vi.)+v. )+iii.)+i.)、viii.)+vi.)+v.)+iii.)、viii.)+vi.)+v.)+ii.)+i.)、vii i.)+vi.)+v.)+ii.)、viii.)+vi.)+v.)+i.)、viii.)+vi.)+v.)、viii.)+vi .)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、viii.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、viii.)+vi.) +iv.)+iii.)+i.)、viii.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)、viii.)+vi.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、viii.)+vi.)+iv.)+ii.)、viii.)+vi.)+iv.)+i.) viii.)+vi.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、viii.)+vi.)+iii.)+ii.)、viii.)+vi.)+i ii.)+i.)、viii.)+vi.)+iii.)、viii.)+vi.)+ii.)+i.)、viii.)+vi.)+ii .)、viii.)+vi.)+i.)、viii.)+vi.)、viii.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、v iii.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、viii.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)、viii.)+v.) +iv.)+iii.)、viii.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、viii.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.)、viii. )+v.)+iv.)+i.)、viii.)+v.)+iv.)、viii.)+v.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、viii. )+v.)+iii.)+ii.)、viii.)+v.)+iii.)+i.)、viii.)+v.)+iii.)、viii.)+v .)+ii.)+i.)、viii.)+v.)+ii.)、viii.)+v.)+i.) v.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、viii.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、viii.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.) 、viii.)+iv.)+iii.)、viii.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、viii.)+iv.)+ii.)、viii. )+iv.)+i.)、viii.)+iv.)、viii.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、viii.)+iii.)+ii.)、 viii.)+iii.)+ii.)、viii.)+iii.)、viii.)+ii.)+ii.)、viii.)+ii.)、viii .)+i.)、viii.)、vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、vii.)+vi.)+v.) +iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)、vii.)+vi.)+v.)+ iv.)+iii.)、vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.). ii.)+ii.)+i.)、vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iii.)+ii.)、vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iii.)+i .)、vii.)+vii.)+v.)+iii.)、vii.)+vi.)+v.)+ii.)+i.)、vii.)+vi.)+v.) +ii.)、vii.)+vi.)+v.)+i.)、vii.)+vi.)+v.)、vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)+i i.)+i.)、vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)、v ii.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)、vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+ ii.)、vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+i.)、vii.)+vi.)+iv.)、vii.)+vi.)+iii.)+ii.) +i.)、vii.)+vi.)+iii.)+ii.)、vii.)+vi.)+iii.)+i.)、vii.)+vi.)+iii. )、vii.)+vi.)+ii.)+i.)、vii.)+vi.)+ii.)、vii.)+vi.)+i.)、vii.)+vi. )、vii.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、vii.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、vii. )+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)、vii.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)、vii.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.)+ i.)、vii.)+v.)+v.)+ii.)、vii.)+v.)+iv.)+i.)、vii.)+v.)+iv.)、vii.) +v.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、vii.)+v.)+iii.)+ii.)、vii.)+v.)+iii.)+i.)、v (ii.)+v.)+iii.)、vii.)+v.)+ii.)+i.)、vii.)+v.)+ii.)、vii.)+v.)+ii.)、 vii.)+v.)、vii.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、vii.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、vii. )+iv.)+iii.)+i.)、vii.)+iv.)+iii.)、vii.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、vii.)+iv.). i.)+ii.)、vii.)+iii.)+ii.)、vii.)+iii.)、vii.)+ii.)+i.)、vii.)+ii.) 、vii.)+i.)、vii.)、vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、vi.)+v.)+ii.)+ii i.)+ii.)、vi.)+v.)+v.)+iii.)+i.)、vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)、vi.)+v.)+i v.)+ii.)+i.)、vi.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.)、vi.)+v.)+iv.)+i.)、vi.)+v.)+iv. )、vi.)+v.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、vi.)+v.)+iii.)+ii.)、vi.)+v.)+iii.)+i. )、vi.)+v.)+ii.)、vi.)+v.)+ii.)+i.)、vi.)+v.)+ii.) vi.)+v.)、vi.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、vi.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、vi.)+iv. )+iii.)+ii.)、vi.)+iv.)+iii.)、vi.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、vi.)+iv.)+ii.)、 vi.)+iv.)+i.)、vi.)+iv.)、vi.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、vi.)+iii.)+ii.)、vi .)+iii.)+i.)、vi.)+iii.)、vi.)+ii.)+i.)、vi. v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、v.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)、 v.)+iv.)+iii.)、v.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、v.)+iv.)+ii.)、v.)+iv.)+i.)、v. )+iv.)、v.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、v.)+iii.)+ii.)、v.)+iii.)+i.)、v.)+iii. )、v.)+ii.)+i.)、v.)+ii.)、v.)+i.)、v.) ii.)+ii.)、iv.)+iii.)+i.)、iv.)+iii.)、iv.)+ii.)+i.)、iv.)+ii.)、iv.)+i.), iv.), iii.)+ii.)+i.), iii.)+ii.), iii.)+i.), iii.), ii.)+i.), ii.), i.). .

[0078] |24| The optical layered composite material according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the coating comprises a coating layer with a refractive index in the range of 1.70 to 2.60, preferably in the range of 1.80 to 2.60, more preferably in the range of 1.90 to 2.50, and even more preferably in the range of 1.95 to 2.45.

[0079] |25| The optical layered composite material according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the coating comprises a coating layer with a refractive index of at least 1.70, preferably at least 1.80, more preferably at least 1.90, and even more preferably at least 1.95.

[0080] |26|The optical layered composite material according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the coating comprises a coating layer with a refractive index of up to 2.60, preferably up to 2.50, and more preferably up to 2.45.

[0081] |27|The optical layered composite material according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the coating comprises a coating layer with a refractive index in the range of 1.37 to 1.60, preferably in the range of 1.37 to 1.55, and more preferably in the range of 1.38 to 1.50.

[0082] |28|The optical layered composite material according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the coating comprises a coating layer with a refractive index of at least 1.37, more preferably at least 1.38.

[0083] |29|The optical layered composite material according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the coating comprises a coating layer with a refractive index of up to 1.60, preferably up to 1.55, more preferably up to 1.50.

[0084] |30| The optical layered composite material according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the coating comprises a coating layer made of inorganic material.

[0085] |31|According to the optical layered composite material of Example|30|, the inorganic material comprises: a first element with an electronegativity lower than 2, preferably higher than 1.2; and another element with an electronegativity higher than 2. The electronegativity is preferably determined according to the Pauling method.

[0086] |32| The optical layered composite material according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the coating comprises a coating layer made of a material selected from the group consisting of SiO2, MgF2, and mixed oxides comprising SiO2 and other oxides. Hereinafter, the preferred mixed oxide comprises SiO2 and Al2O3. Hereinafter, the preferred mixed oxide comprises 50 to 98 wt%, more preferably 60 to 95 wt%, more preferably 70 to 93 wt% of SiO2. Hereinafter, the preferred mixed oxide comprises up to 98 wt%, more preferably up to 95 wt%, more preferably up to 93 wt% of SiO2. Hereinafter, the preferred mixed oxide comprises at least 50 wt%, more preferably at least 60 wt%, more preferably at least 70 wt% of SiO2. Hereinafter, the preferred mixed oxide comprises 50 to 98 wt%, more preferably 60 to 95 wt%, more preferably 70 to 93 wt% of SiO2 and 2 to 50 wt%, more preferably 5 to 40 wt%, more preferably 7 to 30 wt% of Al2O3.

[0087] |33| The optical layered composite material according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the coating comprises a coating layer made of materials selected from the group consisting of: Si3N4, ZrO2, Ta2O5, HfO2, Nb2O5, TiO2, SnO2, indium tin oxide, ZnO2, AlN, mixed oxides containing at least one of the above, mixed nitrides containing at least one of the above, and mixed oxynitrides containing at least one of the above; preferably, the coating layer is made of materials selected from the group consisting of: ZrO2, Ta2O5, HfO2, Nb2O5, TiO2, and mixed oxides containing at least one of the above. In one aspect of this embodiment, the coating layer is made of ZrO2 or HfO2, preferably ZrO2. In another aspect of this embodiment, the coating layer is made of ZrO2, TiO2, or Nb2O5, preferably TiO2 or Nb2O5. Preferred mixed oxides are TiO2 / SiO2, Nb2O5 / SiO2, and ZrO2 / Y2O3. A preferred mixed nitride is AlSiN. A preferred mixed nitrogen oxide is AlSiON.

[0088] |34|The optical layered composite material according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the substrate is selected from glass, polymer, optical ceramic or crystal.

[0089] |35|The optical layered composite material according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the substrate is selected from: niobium phosphate glass, lanthanum borate glass, bismuth oxide glass, and silicate glass.

[0090] |36| An optical layered composite material according to any one of the foregoing embodiments includes means for coupling light to or decoupling light from the optical layered composite material.

[0091] |37|According to the optical layered composite material described in Example |36|, the coupling surface area of ​​the device for coupling light is 1 mm². 2 Up to 100mm 2 Within the range, preferably within 5mm 2 Up to 80mm 2 Within the range, more preferably within 10mm 2 Up to 60mm 2 Within the range.

[0092] |38|The optical layered composite material according to embodiment|36| or|37|, wherein the coupling surface area of ​​the device for coupling light is at least 1 mm². 2 Preferably at least 5mm 2 More preferably at least 10mm 2 .

[0093] |39|The optical layered composite material according to any one of Examples |36| to |38|, wherein the coupling surface area of ​​the device for coupling light is at most 100 mm². 2 The preferred size is at most 80mm. 2 More preferably up to 60mm 2 .

[0094] |40|An optical layered composite material according to any one of embodiments|36| to|39|, wherein the means for coupling is arranged and adjusted to couple light into the optical layered composite material to propagate laterally to the front side in accordance with the normal vector.

[0095] |41|The optical layered composite material according to any one of Examples|36| to|40|, wherein the coupling device is arranged and adjusted to deflect the light at an angle of at least 30°, or at least 90°, or at least 135°. This angle can reach 180°.

[0096] |42|The optical layered composite material according to any one of embodiments|36| to|41|, wherein the optical layered composite material includes means for coupling light and means for coupling light out, wherein the angle between the direction of travel of the coupled light and the coupled light is at least 30°, or at least 90°, or at least 135°. This angle can reach 180°.

[0097] |43|The optical layered composite material according to any one of embodiments|36| to|42|, wherein the optical layered composite material includes means for coupling light into a first surface region and means for coupling light out into another surface region, wherein the first surface region is smaller than the other surface region. The other surface region is preferably at least twice the size of the first surface region, more preferably at least five times, and even more preferably at least ten times.

[0098] |44|The optical layered composite material according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the optical layered composite material is a wafer.

[0099] |45|The optical layered composite material according to Example|44|, wherein one or more or all of the following conditions are satisfied:

[0100] i.) The surface area of ​​the front is 0.010m 2 up to 0.500m 2 Within the range, preferably within 0.013m 2 up to 0.200m 2 Within the range, more preferably within 0.017m 2 up to 0.100m 2 Within the range; or the surface area of ​​the front is at least 0.010m². 2 Preferably at least 0.013m 2 More preferably at least 0.017m 2 ;or

[0101] The surface area of ​​the front is at most 0.500m². 2 Preferably at most 0.200m 2 More preferably at most 0.100m 2 ;

[0102] ii.) The thickness d s The range is from 10 μm to 1500 μm, preferably from 10 μm to 1000 μm, more preferably from 10 μm to 500 μm, more preferably from 20 μm to 450 μm, and even more preferably from 30 μm to 400 μm.

[0103] iii.) The thickness d s Within the range of 10 μm to 1500 μm, more preferably within the range of 10 μm to 1000 μm, even more preferably within the range of 10 μm to 500 μm, even more preferably within the range of 20 μm to 450 μm, even more preferably within the range of 30 μm to 400 μm; or

[0104] The thickness d sThe thickness is at least 10 μm, more preferably at least 20 μm, and even more preferably at least 30 μm;

[0105] The thickness d s The size is at most 1500 μm, more preferably at most 1000 μm, more preferably at most 500 μm, more preferably at most 450 μm, and more preferably at most 400 μm;

[0106] iv.) The radius of curvature is greater than 600 mm, preferably greater than 800 mm, and more preferably greater than 1100 mm;

[0107] v.) The in-plane optical loss measured perpendicular to the front surface is at most 20%, preferably at most 15%.

[0108] More preferably, up to 10%;

[0109] vi.) The surface roughness of the substrate is less than 5 nm, preferably less than 3 nm, and more preferably less than 2 nm;

[0110] vii.) The surface roughness of the coating is less than 5 nm, preferably less than 3 nm, and more preferably less than 2 nm;

[0111] viii.) The total thickness variation is less than 5 μm, more preferably less than 4 μm, more preferably less than 3 μm, and even more preferably less than 2 μm;

[0112] ix.) The maximum local thickness variation on 75% of the front surface is less than 5 μm, preferably less than 4 μm, more preferably less than 3 μm, and even more preferably less than 2 μm;

[0113] x.) Warpage less than 350 μm, preferably less than 300 μm, more preferably less than 250 μm;

[0114] xi.) The arcuate distortion is less than 300 μm, more preferably less than 250 μm, and even more preferably less than 200 μm;

[0115] xii.) is circular in shape.

[0116] The following formulas are: ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+i.)+i.)+i.) +ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii. )+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+vi.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+vi.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)+vii.)+vii.) i.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+vi.)+iv.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vii.)+vii.)+i.)+i.) i.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+iii.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+vi.)+iii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+viii.)+vii.)+vii.) .)+vii.)+vi.)+v.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+vi.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+vi.)+vi.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vii.)+vii.)+vii.) i.)+vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)+i. ii.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vi.)+iv.)+ii.)、ix.)+viii.)+vii.)+vii.)+i.)+i.) 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(xi.)+x.)+vii.)+vi.)+iii.)+ii.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+vi.)+iii.)+i.)、 xi.)+x.)+vii.)+vi.)+iii.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+vi.)+ii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.) +vii.)+vi.)+ii.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+vi.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+vi.)、x i.)+x.)+vii.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+v.)+iv.)+i ii.)+ii.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+v.) +iv.)+iii.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+v.) +iv.)+ii.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+v.)+iv.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+v.)+iv.) 、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+v.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+v.)+iii.)+ii.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+v.)+iii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.) .)+vii.)+v.)+ii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+v.)+ii.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+v. )+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+v.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.) .)+x.)+vii.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)、xi.) +x.)+vii.)+iv.)+iv.)+iii.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vi i.)+iv.)+ii.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+iv.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+iv.)、xi.)+ x.)+vii.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+iii.)+ii.)、xi.)+x.)+vi i.)+iii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+ii.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+ii.)+i.)、xi.) +x.)+vii.)+ii.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vii.)、xi.)+x.)+vi. )+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、xi. )+x.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)、xi. )+x.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.)、xi.)+x .)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vi.)+v.)+iv.)、xi.)+x.)+vi.)+v.)+ iii.)+ii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vi.)+v.)+iii.)+ii.)、xi.)+x.)+vi.)+v.)+i ii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vi.)+v.)+iii.)、xi.)+x.)+vi.)+v.)+ii.)+i.)、xi. )+x.)+vi.)+v.)+ii.)、xi.)+x.)+vi.)+v.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vi.)+v.)、xi.)+x.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、xi.)+x.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vi.)+iv.)+iii.)、xi.)+x.)+ vi.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vi.)+iv.)+ii.)、xi.)+x.)+vi.)+iv.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vi.)+iv.)、xi.)+x.)+vi.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vi .)+iii.)+ii.)、xi.)+x.)+vi.)+iii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vi.)+iii.)、xi.)+x.)+vi.)+ii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+vi.)+ii.)、xi.)+x.)+vi.)+i.)、xi.)+x .)+vi.)、xi.)+x.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、xi.)+x.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+v.)+iv.)+iii.)、xi. )+x.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+v.)+iv.)+ii.)、xi.)+x.)+v.)+iv.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+v.)+iv.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+v.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+v.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+v.)+iii.)+ii.)、xi.)+x.)+v.)+iii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+v.)+ii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+v.)+i.) )、xi.)+x.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+iv.)+iii.)+ii.)、xi.)+x.)+iv.)+iii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+iv.)+iii.)、xi.)+x.)+iv.)+ii.)+i.)、xi.) .)+x.)+iv.)+ii.)、xi.)+x.)+iv.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+iv.)、xi.)+x.)+iii.)+ii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+iii.)+ii.)、xi.)+x.)+iii.)+i.)、xi.)+x.)+iii.)), xi.)+x.)+ii.)+i.), xi.)+x.)+ii.), xi.)+x.)+i.), xi.)+x.), xi.). .

[0119] |46| An optical layered composite material according to any of the above embodiments, wherein another coating is applied to the back side.

[0120] |47| A device comprising one or more layered composite materials according to any of the above embodiments. A preferred device is an augmented reality device. Preferably, the device is a mask, glasses, or a head-up display.

[0121] |48|The apparatus according to embodiment|47| comprises a combination of x layered composite materials as described in any one of embodiments|1|-|46|, where x is at least an integer of 2; wherein the x layered composite materials are arranged in a stacked manner, with their front faces parallel and pointing in the same direction. A spacer region made of a material with a refractive index less than 1.3 exists between each pair of front faces and adjacent back faces. In one aspect of this embodiment, the spacer region is formed by a gas, preferably air. In one aspect of this embodiment, x is preferably in the range of 2-20, more preferably in the range of 2-15, and even more preferably in the range of 2-10. In one aspect of this embodiment, x is preferably at least 2. In one aspect of this embodiment, x is at most 20, more preferably at most 15, and even more preferably at most 10. Preferably, x is 3.

[0122] |49|The device according to embodiment|47| or|48| includes a light source configured and adapted to introduce light into an optical layered composite material.

[0123] |50| A process for preparing optical layered composite materials includes the following process steps:

[0124] i.) Provide a base with a front and a back;

[0125] ii.) Apply one or more coating layers to the front side by physical vapor deposition, preferably by oxidative physical vapor deposition.

[0126] |51| A process for manufacturing augmented reality devices includes the following steps:

[0127] i.) A wafer is provided according to embodiment |44| or |45|;

[0128] ii.) Reduce the surface area of ​​the front side to obtain a portion;

[0129] iii.) Provide this section as a viewing screen in augmented reality devices.

[0130] |52| Use of the optical layered composite material according to any one of Examples |1|-|46| in an augmented reality device. Preferably, the device is a mask, glasses, or a head-up display.

[0131] Refractive index

[0132] When the main body has a uniform refractive index, the refractive index of the main body is preferably the refractive index of the material it is made of.

[0133] When the bodies have different refractive indices, the effective refractive index of the bodies is preferably the refractive index required for a uniform refractive index in bodies of the same thickness, so that light passing through the bodies has the same level of refraction in the direction of the frontal normal. In cases where there is non-uniformity in the lateral extension, the effective refractive index is the arithmetic mean of the lateral extensions.

[0134] thickness

[0135] Preferably, the thicknesses of the substrate, base layer, coating, and coating layer are measured in a direction perpendicular to the front surface. Preferably, the thicknesses of the substrate, base layer, coating, and coating layer are measured in a direction normal to the front surface.

[0136] In the case of thickness variation along the lateral extension of the body, the thickness is preferably the arithmetic mean of the thicknesses along the lateral extension.

[0137] Optical layered composite materials

[0138] The preferred optical layered composite material is adjusted to be suitable for propagating light, preferably for propagating images. The preferred optical layered composite material is suitable for propagating light perpendicular to its front surface, preferably for propagating images, preferably for propagating real-world images. The preferred optical layered composite material is suitable for propagating light transverse to its front surface, preferably for propagating images, preferably for propagating overlapping images.

[0139] In one embodiment, preferably, the real-world image and the overlapping image at least partially overlap. This overlap can be observed at a viewing surface offset from the back of the optical layered composite material, for example, at the eye.

[0140] The overlapping image is preferably a generated image. Preferably, the overlapping image is generated by the device of the present invention. The overlapping image is preferably generated by a controlled light source.

[0141] The optical layered composite material comprises a substrate and a coating. The thickness of the substrate is preferably at least 20 times the thickness of the coating, more preferably at least 50 times, and even more preferably at least 100 times. The thickness of the substrate is preferably at most 15,000 times the thickness of the coating, more preferably at most 5,000 times, and even more preferably at most 2,000 times. The ratio of coating thickness to substrate thickness is preferably in the range of 1:20 to 1:15,000, more preferably in the range of 1:50 to 1:5,000, and even more preferably in the range of 1:100 to 1:2,000.

[0142] The preferred optical layered composite material is in sheet form. The preferred optical layered composite material has a minimum Cartesian dimension, which is less than half the width of the next minimum Cartesian dimension. The ratio of the minimum Cartesian dimension to the next minimum Cartesian dimension is preferably in the range of 1:1000-1:2, more preferably in the range of 1:1000-1:10, and even more preferably in the range of 1:1000-1:100. The next minimum Cartesian dimension is preferably at least twice the minimum Cartesian dimension, preferably at least ten times, and more preferably at least 100 times. The next minimum Cartesian dimension is preferably up to 1000 times the minimum Cartesian dimension. The next minimum Cartesian dimension can be 10000 times the minimum Cartesian dimension.

[0143] In one embodiment, the aspect ratio of the preferred optical layered composite material is in the range of 2-1000, more preferably in the range of 10-1000, and even more preferably in the range of 100-1000. In one embodiment, the aspect ratio of the preferred optical layered composite material is at most 1000. In one embodiment, the aspect ratio of the preferred optical layered composite material is at least 2, more preferably at least 10, and even more preferably at least 100. The aspect ratio can be as high as 10000.

[0144] The preferred thin-film optical layered composite material is suitable for the lateral propagation of light, and more preferably suitable for the lateral propagation of overlaid images.

[0145] The preferred thickness of the optical layered composite material is in the range of 10-1500 μm, more preferably in the range of 10-1000 μm, even more preferably in the range of 10-500 μm, even more preferably in the range of 20-450 μm, and even more preferably in the range of 30-400 μm.

[0146] The preferred thickness of the optical layered composite material is at most 1500 μm, more preferably at most 1000 μm, more preferably at most 500 μm, more preferably at most 450 μm, and more preferably at most 400 μm.

[0147] The preferred thickness of the optical layered composite material is at least 10 μm, more preferably at least 20 μm, and even more preferably at least 30 μm.

[0148] Optical layered composite materials are preferably suitable for use in devices, and more particularly suitable for use in augmented reality devices. Devices may include one or more optical layered composite materials.

[0149] orientation

[0150] The substrate has a front and a back side. Preferably, the front and back sides are parallel, and the normal variation is less than 15°, more preferably less than 10°, and even more preferably less than 5°. The normal of the back side is measured at the point on the back side where the normal of the front side intersects.

[0151] The front face of the substrate defines the principal direction. The principal direction is preferably the normal to the front face at its geometric center. Throughout this document, the principal direction is referred to as both the "front face normal direction" and the "direction perpendicular to the front face." As used herein, the term "longitudinal" refers to a direction parallel or antiparallel to the principal direction. The deviation of the direction parallel to the normal or longitudinal from the normal is preferably less than 45°, more preferably less than 30°, more preferably less than 10°, and even more preferably less than 5°. In the case of sheet-like or planar substrates, longitudinal propagation corresponds to a stroke across the minimum Cartesian dimension.

[0152] The front side defines a plane. This plane is preferably perpendicular to the front normal. As used in this disclosure, the terms "lateral," "sideways," or "in-plane" refer to a direction perpendicular to the front normal and parallel to the plane. The deviation of the direction perpendicular to the normal, lateral, sideways, or in-plane from the normal is preferably greater than 45°, more preferably greater than 60°, more preferably less than 80°, and even more preferably less than 85°. In the case of a sheet-like or planar substrate, lateral, sideways, or in-plane propagation corresponds to a stroke extending in layers or in a plane.

[0153] For the device described herein, preferably, it is an augmented reality device, preferably, the back of the optical layered composite material faces the user and the front faces the real world.

[0154] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the coating is applied not only to the front side but also to the back side. In this case, the principal direction associated with the coating on the back side is similarly defined according to the back side.

[0155] base

[0156] A preferred substrate is suitable for propagating images, and more preferably suitable for propagating more than one image simultaneously. A preferred substrate is suitable for propagating real-world images. A preferred substrate is suitable for propagating overlapping images.

[0157] The preferred substrate is sheet-like. The preferred substrate has a minimum Cartesian dimension, which is less than half the width of the next minimum Cartesian dimension. The ratio of the minimum Cartesian dimension to the next minimum Cartesian dimension is preferably in the range of 1:1000-1:2, more preferably in the range of 1:1000-1:10, and even more preferably in the range of 1:1000-1:100. The next minimum Cartesian dimension is preferably at least twice the minimum Cartesian dimension, preferably at least ten times, and more preferably at least 100 times. The next minimum Cartesian dimension is preferably at most 1000 times the minimum Cartesian dimension. The next minimum Cartesian dimension can be as large as 10000 times the minimum Cartesian dimension.

[0158] In one embodiment, the preferred aspect ratio of the substrate is in the range of 2-1000, more preferably 10-1000, and even more preferably 100-1000. In one embodiment, the preferred aspect ratio of the substrate is at most 1000. In one embodiment, the preferred aspect ratio of the substrate is at least 2, more preferably at least 10, and even more preferably at least 100. The aspect ratio can be as high as 10000.

[0159] A preferred layered substrate is suitable for the lateral propagation of light, and more preferably for the lateral propagation of overlapping images. A preferred sheet-like substrate is suitable for the lateral propagation of light.

[0160] The preferred thickness of the substrate is in the range of 10-1500 μm, more preferably in the range of 10-1000 μm, more preferably in the range of 10-500 μm, more preferably in the range of 20-450 μm, and more preferably in the range of 30-400 μm.

[0161] The preferred thickness of the substrate is at most 1500 μm, more preferably at most 1000 μm, more preferably at most 500 μm, more preferably at most 450 μm, and more preferably at most 400 μm.

[0162] The preferred thickness of the substrate is at least 10 μm, more preferably at least 20 μm, and even more preferably at least 30 μm.

[0163] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate is at least 1.60, preferably at least 1.65, and more preferably at least 1.70. In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 550 nm is at least 1.60, preferably at least 1.65, and more preferably at least 1.70. In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 589 nm is at least 1.60, preferably at least 1.65, and more preferably at least 1.70.

[0164] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate is in the range of 1.60-2.40, preferably in the range of 1.65-2.35, and more preferably in the range of 1.70-2.30. In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 550 nm is in the range of 1.60-2.40, preferably in the range of 1.65-2.35, and more preferably in the range of 1.70-2.30. In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 589 nm is in the range of 1.60-2.40, preferably in the range of 1.65-2.35, and more preferably in the range of 1.70-2.30.

[0165] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate is at most 2.40, preferably at most 2.35, and more preferably at most 2.30. In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 550 nm is at most 2.40, preferably at most 2.35, and more preferably at most 2.30. In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 589 nm is at most 2.40, preferably at most 2.35, and more preferably at most 2.30.

[0166] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate is in the range of 1.65-1.75.

[0167] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate is in the range of 1.70-1.80.

[0168] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate is in the range of 1.75-1.85.

[0169] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate is in the range of 1.80-1.90.

[0170] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate is in the range of 1.85-1.95.

[0171] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate is in the range of 1.90-2.00.

[0172] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate is in the range of 1.95-2.05.

[0173] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate is in the range of 2.00-2.10.

[0174] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate is in the range of 2.05-2.15.

[0175] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate is in the range of 2.10-2.20.

[0176] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate is in the range of 2.15-2.25.

[0177] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 550 nm is in the range of 1.65-1.75.

[0178] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 550 nm is in the range of 1.70-1.80.

[0179] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 550 nm is in the range of 1.75-1.85.

[0180] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 550 nm is in the range of 1.80-1.90.

[0181] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 550 nm is in the range of 1.85-1.95.

[0182] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 550 nm is in the range of 1.90-2.00.

[0183] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 550 nm is in the range of 1.95-2.05.

[0184] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 550 nm is in the range of 2.00-2.10.

[0185] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 550 nm is in the range of 2.05-2.15.

[0186] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 550 nm is in the range of 2.10-2.20.

[0187] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 550 nm is in the range of 2.15-2.25.

[0188] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 589 nm is in the range of 1.65-1.75.

[0189] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 589 nm is in the range of 1.70-1.80.

[0190] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 589 nm is in the range of 1.75-1.85.

[0191] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 589 nm is in the range of 1.80-1.90.

[0192] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 589 nm is in the range of 1.85-1.95.

[0193] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 589 nm is in the range of 1.90-2.00.

[0194] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 589 nm is in the range of 1.95-2.05.

[0195] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 589 nm is in the range of 2.00-2.10.

[0196] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 589 nm is in the range of 2.05-2.15.

[0197] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 589 nm is in the range of 2.10-2.20.

[0198] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the substrate measured at 589 nm is in the range of 2.15-2.25.

[0199] The preferred substrate may consist of a single substrate layer, or it may consist of two or more substrate layers, preferably a single substrate layer.

[0200] In the case of a single substrate layer, the substrate may have a uniform or non-uniform chemical composition, preferably a uniform chemical composition. Similarly, in the case of a single substrate layer, the substrate may have a uniform or non-uniform refractive index, preferably a uniform refractive index. In the case of a non-uniform refractive index, the preferred range disclosed above preferably applies to the effective refractive index.

[0201] When there is more than one substrate layer, each substrate layer may have a uniform or non-uniform chemical composition, preferably a uniform chemical composition. When there is more than one substrate layer, the preferred range disclosed above preferably applies to the average refractive index of the entire substrate. When there is more than one substrate layer, each substrate layer may have a uniform or non-uniform refractive index, preferably a uniform refractive index. In the case of a non-uniform refractive index, the preferred range disclosed above preferably applies to the average refractive index of each layer.

[0202] Preferably, the chemical composition of the selected material for the substrate meets one or more of the above-mentioned physical requirements.

[0203] The preferred material for the substrate is glass or a polymer, with glass being the most preferred.

[0204] Preferred glasses according to the Abbey diagram are those with a refractive index of 1.6 or higher, such as dense flint glass, lanthanum flint glass, dense lanthanum flint glass, barium flint glass, dense barium flint glass, dense crown glass, lanthanum crown glass, and super-dense crown glass.

[0205] In one embodiment, the preferred glass for the substrate is niobium phosphate glass.

[0206] In one embodiment, the preferred glass for the substrate is lanthanum borate glass.

[0207] In one embodiment, the preferred glass for the substrate is bismuth oxide glass.

[0208] In one embodiment, the preferred glass for the substrate is silicate-based glass.

[0209] The preferred group of glasses includes one or more selected from the group consisting of niobium phosphate glass, lanthanum borate glass, bismuth oxide glass, and silicate glass, wherein the silicate glass preferably contains one or more of TiO2, La2O3, Bi2O3, Gd2O3, Nb2O5, Y2O3, Yb2O3, Ta2O5, WO3, GeO2, Ga2O3, ZrO2, BaO, SrO, ZnO, Cs2O, and PbO.

[0210] Preferred silicate-based glasses comprise at least 30% by weight of SiO2, preferably at least 40% by weight of SiO2, more preferably at least 50% by weight of SiO2. Preferred silicate glasses comprise up to 80% by weight of SiO2, more preferably up to 70% by weight, and even more preferably up to 60% by weight. Preferred silicate-based glasses comprise SiO2 in the range of 30-80% by weight, more preferably in the range of 40-70% by weight, and even more preferably in the range of 50-60% by weight. Preferred silicate-based glasses include one or more selected from the group consisting of TiO2, La2O3, Bi2O3, Gd2O3, Nb2O5, Y2O3, Yb2O3, Ta2O5, WO3, GeO2, Ga2O3, ZrO2, BaO, SrO, ZnO, Cs2O, and PbO, preferably in a total amount of at least 20% by weight, more preferably at least 30% by weight, more preferably at least 40% by weight, and more preferably at least 50% by weight. Preferred silicate-based glasses may also include one or more selected from the group consisting of TiO2, La2O3, Bi2O3, Gd2O3, Nb2O5, Y2O3, Yb2O3, Ta2O5, WO3, GeO2, Ga2O3, ZrO2, BaO, SrO, ZnO, Cs2O, and PbO, with a total amount of up to 70% by weight.

[0211] In one embodiment, the preferred glass is commercially available from one of the following names of products from SCHOTT: N-SF66, P-SF67, P-SF68, N-BASF64, N-SF1, N-SF6, N-SF8, N-SF15, N-SF57; Sumita's K-PSFn214 product; OHARA's L-BBH1 product; and HOYA's TaFD55 product.

[0212] In this paper, the preferred polymer is plastic.

[0213] In this document, the preferred polymer is polycarbonate (PC), for example... or Polystyrene (PS), for example or Acrylic polymer (PMMA), for example Plexi- or Polyetherimide (PEI), for example or Polyurethane (PU), for example Cyclic olefin copolymers (COCs), for example Cyclic olefin polymers (COPs), for example or Polyesters, such as OKP4 and OKP4HP; and polyethersulfone (PES), such as... and A preferred polymer material is allyl diethylene glycol carbonate (e.g., CR-39). A preferred polymer material is urethane-based.

[0214] The preferred optoelectronic ceramic is yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG, Y3Al5O). 12 ) and its variants, lutetium aluminum garnet (LuAG), electro-optic ceramics or zinc sulfide having a cubic pyrochlore structure or fluorite structure as described in DE 10 2007 022 048 A1.

[0215] Preferred crystals include sapphire, anatase, rutile, diamond, zinc sulfide, and spinel.

[0216] coating

[0217] The preferred coating is adapted to reduce light reflection incident on the optical layered composite material. When the coating is applied to the front side, it is adapted to reduce light reflection from the front side. When the coating is applied to the back side, it is adapted to reduce light reflection from the back side.

[0218] The preferred coating can reduce the loss of light propagation in the substrate, and more preferably, it can reduce the loss of light propagation laterally in the substrate.

[0219] The coating is preferably in the form of a sheet or a planar shape. The coating preferably extends in a plane parallel to the substrate.

[0220] The coating is preferably applied to at least 80% of the front surface area, preferably at least 90% of the front surface area, more preferably at least 95% of the front surface area, more preferably at least 99% of the front surface area, and most preferably the entire front surface area.

[0221] The coating comprises one or more coating layers. The coating is preferably formed as a stack of coating layers, and more preferably as a stack of coplanar thin layers.

[0222] The thickness of the coating is preferably determined by the front normal.

[0223] Preferred coatings will produce areas of low reflectivity.

[0224] The preferred low reflectivity region is in the range of 450 nm to 650 nm. The maximum reflectivity in the 450 nm to 650 nm range is preferably no more than 50% of the maximum reflectivity of the uncoated substrate in the 450 nm to 650 nm range, more preferably no more than 40%, and more preferably no more than 30%.

[0225] The maximum reflectivity in the range of 450nm to 650nm is preferably less than 5%, preferably less than 4%, more preferably less than 3%, more preferably less than 2%, more preferably less than 1.5%, and more preferably less than 1.1%.

[0226] The preferred low reflectivity region covers a wide wavelength range. Preferably, there exists a region with a width of at least 175 nm, more preferably at least 200 nm, more preferably at least 225 nm, and even more preferably at least 250 nm, in which the maximum reflectivity minus the minimum reflectivity is less than 1%.

[0227] The preferred low reflectivity region is flat. The difference between the maximum reflectivity in the 450nm to 650nm range and the minimum reflectivity in the 450nm to 650nm range is preferably less than 1.5%, more preferably less than 1.0%, and most preferably less than 0.8%.

[0228] The preferred coating is amorphous. The preferred coating is made of amorphous material. The preferred coating is non-crystalline. The preferred coating does not have long-range order. The preferred coating does not exhibit columnar growth. The preferred coating does not exhibit porous growth. The preferred coating does not exhibit textured growth. The preferred coating has a crystal content of no more than 25% by volume, preferably no more than 10% by volume, more preferably no more than 5% by volume. In one aspect of this embodiment, the coating does not contain crystalline material. In one aspect of this embodiment, the coating does not contain any columnar growth. In one aspect of this embodiment, the coating does not contain any porous growth. In one aspect of this embodiment, the coating does not contain any textured growth. The presence of columnar growth and textured growth is preferably determined by examining the cross-sectional cut surface using a scanning electron microscope. The presence of crystalline material is preferably determined by Raman spectroscopy.

[0229] Coating layer

[0230] The coating comprises one or more coating layers. The coating layers are preferably arranged in a stacked manner, wherein each coating layer is parallel to the front side.

[0231] The preferred coating has a chemical composition that either remains unchanged within itself or varies smoothly and continuously within itself; preferably, the chemical composition remains unchanged within itself. The preferred coating has a uniform chemical composition or a smoothly and continuously varying chemical composition; preferably, it has a uniform chemical composition. The preferred coating has a chemical composition in which the maximum local weight percentage of an element is less than 1.2 times, preferably less than 1.1 times, and more preferably less than 1.05 times, the minimum local weight percentage of that element. Preferably, this applies to every single element.

[0232] The preferred coating layer has a refractive index that either remains unchanged within itself or varies smoothly and continuously within itself; preferably, the refractive index remains unchanged within itself. The preferred coating layer has a uniform refractive index or a smoothly and continuously varying refractive index; preferably, it has a uniform refractive index. The preferred coating layer has a maximum local refractive index that is less than 1.2 times the minimum local refractive index, preferably less than 1.1 times, and more preferably less than 1.05 times.

[0233] The preferred coating layer has a constant thickness across its lateral extension. The ratio of the minimum thickness to the maximum thickness of the preferred coating layer is in the range of 1:1 to 1:1.1, preferably in the range of 1:1 to 1:1.05, and more preferably in the range of 1:1 to 1:1.01.

[0234] In one embodiment, the coating comprises one or more Group A coating layers. The refractive index of the Group A coating layers is at least 1.7. Preferably, the refractive index of the Group A coating layers is in the range of 1.70 to 2.60, more preferably in the range of 1.80 to 2.60, more preferably in the range of 1.90 to 2.50, and even more preferably in the range of 1.95 to 2.45. Preferably, the refractive index of the Group A coating layers is at least 1.80, more preferably at least 1.90, and even more preferably at least 1.95. Preferably, the refractive index of the Group A coating layers is at most 2.60, more preferably at most 2.50, and even more preferably at most 2.45. The preferred Group A coating layer is made of materials selected from the group consisting of: Si3N4, ZrO2, Ta2O5, HfO2, Nb2O5, TiO2, SnO2, indium tin oxide, ZnO2, AlN, mixed oxides including at least one of the above, mixed nitrides including at least one of the above, and mixed oxynitrides including at least one of the above; preferably made of materials selected from the group consisting of: ZrO2, Ta2O5, HfO2, Nb2O5, and TiO2, and mixed oxides including at least one of the above. In one aspect of this embodiment, the coating layer is made of ZrO2 or HfO2, preferably ZrO2. In another aspect of this embodiment, the coating layer is made of ZrO2, TiO2, or Nb2O5, preferably TiO2 or Nb2O5. Preferred mixed oxides are TiO2 / SiO2, Nb2O5 / SiO2, and ZrO2 / Y2O3. The preferred mixed nitride is AlSiN. The preferred mixed nitride is AlSiON.

[0235] In one embodiment, the optical layered composite material comprises two or more group A layers, wherein at least one pair of group A layers uses a different material. In another embodiment, the optical layered composite material comprises two or more group A layers, wherein all group A layers use the same material.

[0236] In one embodiment, the coating comprises one or more Group B coating layers. The refractive index of the Group B coating layers is less than 1.7. Preferably, the refractive index of the Group B coating layers is in the range of 1.37 to 1.60, more preferably in the range of 1.37 to 1.55, and more preferably in the range of 1.38 to 1.50. Preferably, the refractive index of the Group B coating layers is at least 1.37, more preferably at least 1.38. Preferably, the refractive index of the Group B coating layers is at most 1.60, more preferably at most 1.55, and more preferably at most 1.50.

[0237] The preferred Group B coating is made of materials selected from the group consisting of SiO2, MgF2, and mixed oxides including SiO2 and other oxides, preferably SiO2 or MgF2. Hereinafter, the preferred mixed oxides include SiO2 and Al2O3. Hereinafter, the preferred mixed oxides include 50% to 98% by weight, more preferably 60% to 95% by weight, more preferably 70% to 93% by weight of SiO2. Hereinafter, the preferred mixed oxides include up to 98% by weight, more preferably up to 95% by weight, more preferably up to 93% by weight of SiO2. Hereinafter, the preferred mixed oxides include at least 50% by weight, more preferably at least 60% by weight, more preferably at least 70% by weight of SiO2. In this document, the preferred mixed oxides include 50% to 98% by weight, more preferably 60% to 95% by weight, more preferably 70% to 93% by weight of SiO2 and 2% to 50% by weight, more preferably 5% to 40% by weight, more preferably 7% to 30% by weight of Al2O3.

[0238] In one embodiment, the optical layered composite material comprises two or more group B layers, wherein at least one pair of group B layers uses a different material. In another embodiment, the optical layered composite material comprises two or more group B layers, wherein all group B layers use the same material.

[0239] In some embodiments, the coating structure is described based on type A regions and type B regions, where type A regions have a higher refractive index and type B regions have a lower refractive index. So-called needle layers with a thickness of 5 nm or less do not affect the properties of the type A or type B regions. Regions are characterized based on coating layers with a thickness greater than 5 nm.

[0240] So-called needle-like layers can be as thin as 1 nm. So-called needle-like layers can be as thin as an atomic monolayer.

[0241] Layered arrangement

[0242] Some preferred layer arrangements are as follows:

[0243] Sb: A substrate is formed, followed by a group B coating layer. The coating layer has a thickness greater than 5 nm. Optionally, other layers with a thickness of 5 nm or less may be present.

[0244] SB: has a base, followed by the B group region. The region is defined elsewhere in this document.

[0245] Sab: This consists of a substrate, followed by coating layer A, and then coating layer B. Each of the two coating layers has a thickness greater than 5 nm. Optionally, other layers with a thickness of 5 nm or less may be present.

[0246] SAB: has a base, followed by region A, then region B. The regions are defined elsewhere in this document.

[0247] Sbab: It consists of a substrate, followed by a group B coating layer, then a group A coating layer, and then another group B coating layer. Each of the three coating layers has a thickness greater than 5 nm. Optionally, other layers with a thickness of 5 nm or less may be present.

[0248] SBAB: This consists of a base, followed by a B-group region, then a A-group region, and then another B-group region. These regions are defined elsewhere in this document.

[0249] Sabab: It consists of a substrate, followed by a group A coating layer, then a group B coating layer, then another group A coating layer, and then another group B coating layer. Each of the four coating layers has a thickness greater than 5 nm. Optionally, other layers with a thickness of 5 nm or less may be present.

[0250] SABAB: This consists of a base, followed by a group A region, then a group B region, then another group A region, and then another group B region. These regions are as defined elsewhere in this document.

[0251] Sbabab: It consists of a substrate, followed by a group B coating layer, then a group A coating layer, then another group B coating layer, then another group A coating layer, and finally another group B coating layer. Each of the five coating layers has a thickness greater than 5 nm. Optionally, other layers with a thickness of 5 nm or less may be present.

[0252] SBABAB: This consists of a base, followed by a B-group region, then an A-group region, then another B-group region, then another A-group region, and finally another B-group region. These regions are as defined elsewhere in this document.

[0253] Sababab consists of a substrate, followed by a group A coating layer, then a group B coating layer, then another group A coating layer, then another group B coating layer, then another group A coating layer, and so on. Each of the six coating layers has a thickness greater than 5 nm. Optionally, other layers with a thickness of 5 nm or less may be present.

[0254] SABABAB: This consists of a base, followed by a group A region, then a group B region, then another group A region, then another group B region, then another group A region, and so on. These regions are as defined elsewhere in this document.

[0255] Sbababab: It consists of a substrate, followed by a group B coating layer, then a group A coating layer, then another group B coating layer, then another group A coating layer, then another group B coating layer, then another group A coating layer, and finally another group B coating layer. Each of the seven coating layers has a thickness greater than 5 nm. Optionally, other layers with a thickness of 5 nm or less may be present.

[0256] SBABABAB: This consists of a base, followed by a B-group region, then a A-group region, then another B-group region, then another A-group region, then another B-group region, then another A-group region, and so on. These regions are as defined elsewhere in this document.

[0257] Sabababab: It consists of a substrate, followed by coating layer A, then coating layer B, then coating layer A again, then coating layer B again, then coating layer A again, then coating layer B again, then coating layer A again, then coating layer B again. Each of the eight coating layers has a thickness greater than 5 nm. Optionally, other layers with a thickness of 5 nm or less may be present.

[0258] SABABABAB: This consists of a base, followed by a group A region, then a group B region, then another group A region, then another group B region, then another group A region, then another group B region, then another group A region, then another group B region. These regions are as defined elsewhere in this document.

[0259] Coupling and Decoupling

[0260] The preferred coupling device is suitable for introducing light into the optical layered composite material, and preferably for introducing an image (preferably an overlaid image) into the optical layered composite material. The preferred decoupling device is suitable for removing light from the optical layered composite material, and preferably for removing an image (preferably an overlaid image) from the optical layered composite material.

[0261] In one embodiment, a coupling device is provided for introducing an overlapping image into an optical layered composite material. In another embodiment, a coupling device is provided for introducing an image into an optical layered composite material for lateral propagation.

[0262] In one embodiment, a decoupling device is provided for removing overlapping images from an optical layered composite material, preferably removing the overlapping images from the back side. In another embodiment, a decoupling device is provided for removing images from an optical layered composite material, wherein the images propagate laterally.

[0263] In one embodiment, no coupling or decoupling mechanism for real-world images is provided.

[0264] In one embodiment, a coupling device is provided for introducing light into an optical layered composite material.

[0265] In one embodiment, a decoupling device is provided for extracting light from the optical layered composite material.

[0266] The preferred coupling device is a prism or a diffraction grating.

[0267] The coupling and decoupling devices can be integrated into the optical layered composite material or disposed on the outside of the optical layered composite material, preferably attached to the optical layered composite material.

[0268] In one embodiment, the optical layered composite material has more decoupling devices than coupling devices.

[0269] In one embodiment, light coupled by a single coupling device is decoupled by two or more decoupling devices.

[0270] In one embodiment, the optical layered composite material includes two or more decoupling devices, and each decoupling device corresponds to a pixel of the image.

[0271] The coupling device can be located at the front, side, or back of the optical layered composite material, preferably at the back or side.

[0272] The decoupling device is preferably located on the rear side of the optical layered composite material.

[0273] Coupling preferably includes deflecting the light by 30° to 180°, preferably 45° to 180°, more preferably 90° to 180°, and even more preferably 135° to 180°. Coupling preferably includes deflecting the light by at least 30°, preferably at least 45°, more preferably at least 90°, and even more preferably at least 135°.

[0274] Decoupling preferably includes deflecting the light by 30° to 180°, preferably 45° to 135°, more preferably 60° to 120°, and even more preferably 70° to 110°. Decoupling preferably includes deflecting the light by at least 30°, preferably at least 45°, more preferably at least 60°, and even more preferably at least 70°. Decoupling preferably includes deflecting the light by at most 180°, preferably at most 135°, more preferably at most 120°, and even more preferably at most 110°.

[0275] process

[0276] Optical layered composite materials can be prepared by any method known to those skilled in the art and deemed suitable by them. Preferred methods include physical vapor deposition. Preferred physical vapor deposition methods are sputtering or evaporation, preferably evaporation. Preferred physical vapor deposition is oxide physical vapor deposition.

[0277] The process preferably includes a cleaning step, preferably a frontal cleaning step. Preferred cleaning steps may include ultrasonic cleaning. Preferred cleaning steps may involve water; an alkaline cleaning agent, preferably an alkaline cleaning agent with a pH value in the range of 7.5 to 9; or a cleaning agent with a neutral pH value other than water.

[0278] The coating layer is preferably made of to Within the range, preferably to Within the scope, more preferably to The coating is deposited at a rate within the specified range. The coating layer is preferably deposited at at least... Preferably at least More preferably at least The coating is deposited at a rate of [missing information]. The coating layer is preferably deposited at at most [missing information]. Preferably at most More preferably at most The deposition rate.

[0279] Physical vapor deposition (PVD) is preferably performed at a substrate temperature ranging from 110°C to 250°C, more preferably from 120°C to 230°C, and even more preferably from 140°C to 210°C. PVD is preferably performed at a substrate temperature of at least 110°C, more preferably at least 120°C, and even more preferably at least 140°C. PVD is preferably performed at a substrate temperature of at most 250°C, more preferably at most 230°C, and even more preferably at most 210°C.

[0280] In the case of a polymer substrate, a low deposition range (e.g., 100°C to 150°C) is preferred.

[0281] Physical vapor deposition is preferably performed at a concentration of less than 1×10⁻⁶. -2 Pa, more preferably less than 5 × 10 -3 Pa, more preferably less than 3 × 10 -3 The test was conducted under a pressure of Pa.

[0282] equipment

[0283] The contribution to achieving at least one of the aforementioned objectives is made by a device comprising one or more optical layered composite materials according to the present invention.

[0284] The device may include two or more optical layered composite materials according to the invention. The optical layered composite materials are preferably spaced apart. A preferred spacing is in the range of 600 nm to 1 mm, more preferably in the range of 5 μm to 500 μm, and more preferably in the range of 50 μm to 400 nm. A preferred spacing is at least 600 nm, preferably at least 5 μm, and more preferably at least 50 μm. A preferred spacing is at most 1 mm, preferably at most 500 μm, and more preferably at most 400 nm. In devices comprising two or more optical layered composite materials, the optical layered composite materials can be adapted and configured for different wavelengths of light.

[0285] In one embodiment, three optical layered composite materials are provided for propagating red, green, and blue light, respectively. In one aspect of this embodiment, the optical layered composite materials are provided for propagating light with wavelengths in the range of 564 nm to 580 nm. In another aspect of this embodiment, the optical layered composite materials are provided for propagating light with wavelengths in the range of 534 nm to 545 nm. In another aspect of this embodiment, the optical layered composite materials are provided for propagating light with wavelengths in the range of 420 nm to 440 nm.

[0286] The device preferably includes a projector for projecting an image onto an optical layered composite material via a coupling device.

[0287] In-plane optical loss

[0288] One aspect of the invention relates to a method for determining in-plane optical loss through a target. The method preferably includes: passing light through the target and measuring the intensity of scattered light, preferably at a location perpendicular to the path of the light passing through the target. The method preferably includes fitting an exponential attenuation to the scattered light intensity over the path length through the target. An optical trap is preferably located at the end of the path length through the target.

[0289] A contribution to achieving at least one of the above objectives is made by a process for selecting optical layered composite materials, the process comprising the following steps:

[0290] a. Provide two or more optically layered composite materials;

[0291] b. Determine the in-plane optical loss of the optically layered composite material according to the methods described herein; and

[0292] c. Select one or more optical layered composite materials from the optical layered composite materials. Attached Figure Description

[0293] The invention will now be illustrated by way of example with reference to the non-limiting drawings.

[0294] Figure 1 An optical layered composite material according to the present invention is shown, which has a substrate and four coating layers.

[0295] Figure 2 A substrate used in this invention is shown.

[0296] Figure 3 An optical layered composite material according to the present invention is shown, with its side-coupled overlapping image.

[0297] Figure 4 An optical layered composite material according to the present invention is shown, with its back-side coupled overlapping image.

[0298] Figure 5 An AR (Augmented Reality) device according to the present invention is shown.

[0299] Figure 6 An optical layered composite material with four coating layers according to the present invention is shown.

[0300] Figure 7 An optical layered composite material with six coating layers according to the present invention is shown.

[0301] Figure 8 An optical layered composite material according to the invention is shown, which has a coating including so-called needle layers.

[0302] Figure 9 A device comprising three optical layered composite materials according to the invention arranged in a stacked manner is shown.

[0303] Figure 10 The arrangement of in-plane optical losses for determining the target is shown.

[0304] Figure 11 The sample depth positive ion distribution in the ToF SIMS testing method is shown.

[0305] Figure 12 The sample reflectance data are shown as a numerical fit based on the reflectance testing method. Detailed Implementation

[0306] Figure 1 An optical layered composite material according to the present invention is shown, having a substrate and four coating layers. The optical layered composite material 100 includes a substrate 101 having a front side and a back side. Direction 107 extends from the front side and direction 106 extends from the back side. A coating consisting of a first coating layer 102, a second coating layer 103, a third coating layer 104, and a fourth coating layer 105 is applied to the front side.

[0307] Figure 2A substrate for use in this invention is shown. The substrate 101 has a front side 604 and a back side 605. Direction 107 extends from the front side 604 and is perpendicular to it. Direction 106 extends from the back side 605 and is perpendicular to it. The substrate has a length 602 and a width 601, both of which are parallel to the front side. The substrate has a thickness 603, which is defined in a direction perpendicular to the front side 604.

[0308] Figure 3 An optical layered composite material according to the invention is shown, with a side-coupled overlay image. The optical layered composite material includes a substrate 101 having a front and a back side. A coating 201 is coated on the front side of the substrate 101. A real-world image 204 enters the optical layered composite material through the front side, passes through the coating 201 and the substrate 101, and exits the optical layered composite material from the back side. An overlay image 203 is generated at a projector 202 located on the side of the optical layered composite material. The overlay image 203 passes through the optical layered composite material laterally to the front side and then exits through the back side. Both the real-world image 204 and the overlay image 203 are viewed by a viewer located behind the back side. In one variation, the coating 201 may be coated on the back side instead of the front side. In another variation, the coating 201 is coated on both the back side and the front side. A decoupling device, such as a diffraction grating, is not shown on the back side. In the case where a coating is present on the back side, the decoupling device is preferably located between the substrate and the coating.

[0309] Figure 4 An optical layered composite material according to the invention is shown, with its back-side coupled overlay image. The optical layered composite material includes a substrate 101 having a front side and a back side. A coating 201 is coated on the front side of the substrate 101. A real-world image 204 enters the optical layered composite material through the front side, passes through the coating 201 and the substrate 101, and exits the optical layered composite material from the back side. An overlay image 203 is generated at a projector 202 located on the back side of the optical layered composite material. The overlay image 203 passes through the optical layered composite material in a manner transverse to the front side and then exits through the back side. Both the real-world image 204 and the overlay image 203 are viewed by a viewer located behind the back side. In one variation, the coating 201 may be applied to the back side instead of the front side. In another variation, the coating 201 is coated on both the back side and the front side. A decoupling device, such as a diffraction grating, on the back side is not shown. In the case of a coating on the back side, the decoupling device is preferably located between the substrate and the coating.

[0310] Figure 5An AR device according to the present invention is illustrated. A set of glasses / masks has a screen 301 comprising the optical layered composite material of the present invention. A real-world image 204 passes through the screen 301 from the front to the rear. An overlay image 203 is projected from a projector 202 behind the screen 301. The overlay image 203 propagates in-plane within the screen 301 and exits through its back surface. The real-world image 204 and the overlay image 203 are received behind the back surface.

[0311] Figure 6 An optical layered composite material with four coating layers according to the present invention is shown. The optical layered composite material includes a substrate 101 having a front side facing upwards in the figure and a back side opposite to the front side. A high refractive index layer 401, a low refractive index layer 402, and another high refractive index layer 401 and low refractive index layer 402 are sequentially coated onto the front side. In this case, the final layer 402 is thicker than the other layers. From another perspective, the final layer 402 is thicker than the previous layer 401. In this case, each layer 401 or 402 is thicker than 5 nm. Optionally, other needle layers with a thickness of 5 nm or less may be located between or within these layers. Figure 6 An optically layered composite material comprising a type A high refractive index region 401 and a type B low refractive index region 402 may also be shown.

[0312] Figure 7 An optical layered composite material with six coating layers according to the present invention is shown. The optical layered composite material has a substrate 101, which has a front side facing upwards in the figure and a back side opposite to the front side. A high refractive index layer 401, a low refractive index layer 402, another high refractive index layer 401, a low refractive index layer 402, another high refractive index layer 401, and a low refractive index layer 402 are sequentially coated onto the front side. In this case, the final layer 402 is thicker than the other layers. In this case, each layer 401 or 402 is thicker than 5 nm. Optionally, other needle layers with a thickness of 5 nm or less may be located between or within these layers. Figure 7 An optically layered composite material comprising a type A high refractive index region 401 and a type B low refractive index region 402 may also be shown.

[0313] Figure 8 An optical layered composite material according to the invention is shown, having a coating comprising so-called needle layers. The optical layered composite material includes a substrate 101 having a front side facing upwards in the figure and a back side opposite to the front side. A needle layer 404 having a low refractive index, a high refractive index layer 401, a low refractive index layer 402, a high refractive index layer 401 having a needle layer 405 therein, a low refractive index layer 402, and a needle layer 403 having a high refractive index are sequentially coated onto the front side. Figure 8 An optically layered composite material comprising a type A high refractive index region 401 and a type B low refractive index region 402 may also be shown.

[0314] Figure 9 An apparatus comprising three optical layered composite materials according to the invention, stacked in an arrangement, is shown. Optical layered composite materials 501 are stacked in parallel, their front faces facing the same direction. The optical layered composite materials 501 are separated by spacers 502 to leave air gaps between them. A real-world image 204 passes sequentially through the optical layered composite materials and exits from the back side of the last optical layered composite material. A separate projector 202 injects an overlapping image 203 into each optical layered composite material. In each case, the overlapping image 203 exits the optical layered composite material through the back side and is combined with the real-world image behind the back side to achieve an augmented reality effect.

[0315] Figure 10 The arrangement for determining the in-plane optical loss of a target is shown. Target 804 has a circular cross-section with a diameter of 20 cm. Light is introduced into target 804 from optical fiber 801 and passes through target 804 along path 802. Optical traps 803 are arranged on opposite sides of target 804. The intensity of the scattered light is measured using a camera located 50 cm above the geometric center of the target.

[0316] Figure 11 The sample depth positive ion distribution is shown in the ToF SIMS test method. This data was used for samples with the following coatings: 14 nm TiO2, 32 nm SiO2, 124 nm TiO2, and 100 nm SiO2.

[0317] Figure 12 The reflectance data of the samples are shown based on numerical fitting according to the reflectance testing method. This data was used for samples with the following coatings: 14 nm TiO2, 32 nm SiO2, 124 nm TiO2, and 100 nm SiO2.

[0318] Test methods

[0319] Unless otherwise specified, all test methods were performed at a temperature of 25°C and a pressure of 101,325 Pa. Optical measurements were performed using a light source with a wavelength of 550 nm, unless otherwise specified.

[0320] Bow-shaped deformity variables

[0321] Bow deformity was measured according to ASTM F534.

[0322] Warp

[0323] Warpage is measured according to ASTM F657.

[0324] In-plane optical loss

[0325] The provided target substrate or optical layered composite material is a disk with a diameter of 15 cm. For the optical layered composite material, the front side (with coating) faces upward. An optical fiber with a numerical aperture of 0.15 is configured to inject light into the target by polishing a flat area of ​​3 mm on one side of the target and setting the exit face of the fiber parallel to and in physical contact with the target. The following impregnation oils, selected from the list below, are deployed between the optical fiber and the target: Cargille Labs Series A (1.460≤n≤1.640), Cargille Labs Series B (1.642≤n≤1.700), Cargille Labs Series M (1.705≤n≤1.800), Cargille Labs Series H (1.81≤n≤2.00), Cargille Labs Series EH (2.01≤n≤2.11), Cargille Labs Series FH (2.12≤n≤2.21), and Cargille Labs Series GH (2.22≤n≤2.31). The impregnation oil with the refractive index closest to that of the target is selected. Light from the optical fiber is injected toward the geometric center of the target, passing through the target to its opposite side. The light spreading is determined by a numerical aperture of 0.15. Optical traps are placed on the opposite sides to reduce reflection. A CCD (charge-coupled device) camera is positioned 50 cm above the geometric center of the target, pointing towards it. The camera captures a grayscale image of the target. The intensity of the scattered light is measured at 0.8 cm intervals along a line between the injection point and the opposite side. The intensity of the scattered light is fitted to an exponential decay curve, normalized, and extrapolated from the values ​​on the opposite side to obtain the in-plane optical loss. Unless otherwise specified, an in-plane optical loss is measured using a 450 nm wavelength light source.

[0326] The instrument is calibrated by measuring the photocurrent using an integrating sphere at the center of the target. An image processing algorithm generates a circular region of the same size and location as the sphere's input port. The grayscale signal within this region is accumulated to calibrate the camera's grayscale signal to the radiometric world standard.

[0327] Layer thickness and chemical composition

[0328] The layer thickness and chemical composition of the optical layered composite material were determined using a combination of Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) to determine layer arrangement and a reflectometer to determine layer thickness. First, the surface was cleaned with isopropanol and deionized water. After cleaning, the sample was placed in a clean environment to avoid contamination. The cleaned sample was measured using ToF-SIMS. ToF-SIMS depth distribution was performed using a ToF-SIMS IV-100 available from ION-TOF GmbH equipped with 25 keV Ga+ primary ions. Positively and negatively charged ions were analyzed in two consecutive analytical steps. The depth distribution was measured at 50 × 50 μm. 2 Analysis of positively charged ions was performed in a region where the primary ion current was 2.0 pA. Sputtering was performed in alternating mode using an O2 sputtering ion gun for a 300 × 300 μm area. 2 Positively charged ion detection was performed in a region with an energy of 1.0 keV and a sputtering current of 350 nA. Charge compensation was performed using an electron flood gun. The sputtering was performed in a 50*50 μm area. 2 Analysis of negatively charged ions was performed in a region where the primary ion current was 1.0 pA. Sputtering was performed in alternating mode using a Cs+ sputtering ion gun at a depth of 300 × 300 μm. 2 Negatively charged ions were detected in the region using an energy of 0.5 keV and a sputtering current of 40 nA. Charge compensation was performed using an electron beam gun. Data was processed using SurfaceLab 6.7 software. Figure 11 An example diagram is shown in the case of a 4-layer SiO2 / TiO2 structure.

[0329] Once the layer identity and ordering were determined using ToF-SIMS, the layer thickness was determined using surface reflectance. First, the surface of the uncoated back side of the sample was roughened with sandpaper to create a milky appearance and avoid specular reflection. Then, the back side was blackened using a black permanent marker of type "Edding 8750". Reflectance measurements were performed using a PerkinElmer Lambda900 reflectometer. This tool is used to measure the relationship between specular reflectance and wavelength. The spectrum was measured in the range of 400 to 700 nm. A set of thickness and refractive index values ​​for each layer were fitted to the measured reflectance curves using TFCalc optical design software.

[0330] Figure 12 An example diagram is shown in the case of a 4-layer SiO2 / TiO2 structure.

[0331] Refractive index

[0332] Refractive index was measured using ellipsometry. First, the uncoated back surface of the sample was roughened with sandpaper to create a milky appearance and avoid specular reflection. Then, the back surface was blackened using a permanent black marker of type "Edding 8750". Measurements were taken at multiple incident angles (60°, 65°, and 70°) using a Woollam M-2000. The SiO2 layer was modeled using a dispersion model after "Sellmeier", and the TiO2 layer was modeled using a dispersion model after "Cody-Lorentz". Substrate data were obtained from a database.

[0333] roughness

[0334] Surface roughness was measured using an atomic force microscope (AFM) of the Digital Instruments DI Nanomirror D3100-S1 model. A 2 μm x 2 μm sample region was scanned in tapping mode, with 256 rows and 256 points per image. The scan rate was 0.7 Hz. The cantilever had a tip with a radius ≤10 nm. The morphology of the sample was measured by evaluating the amplitude variation of the oscillating cantilever while scanning the surface. The raw data were smoothed using a third-order polynomial fit via line fitting. The results were obtained using formulas from the AFM software.

[0335]

[0336] To calculate the root mean square roughness R rms Where n = 256 * 256 = 65536,

[0337] y i It is the height value of each of the 65,536 measurement locations.

[0338] Example

[0339] The invention will now be illustrated by way of non-limiting embodiments.

[0340] Example 1

[0341] The preparation of an optical layered composite material with a coating comprising 1 layer (Table 2), 2 layers (Table 3), 3 layers (Table 4), 4 layers (Table 5), 5 layers (Table 6), 6 layers (Table 7), 7 layers (Table 8), or 8 layers (Table 9) is described below. First, a circular wafer with a diameter of 150 mm and a thickness of 300 μm is provided. The raw materials provided in the table are available from Schott AG. The front side of the wafer is ultrasonically cleaned for 200 seconds in a deionized water bath at 130 kHz at 40 °C. Then, the wafer is dried in air at 60 °C for 500 seconds, resulting in a surface with virtually no impurity particles. The wafer is mounted on an evaporation dome in a vacuum chamber of a Leybold APS1104, and an appropriate coating material is added to the evaporator. The pressure in the vacuum chamber is reduced to 1 × 10⁻⁶. -3 Pa. According to the layers shown in Table 1... The deposition rate was 60 eV. The refractive index of the layer material is shown in Table 1. The presence of field of view (FOV) was evaluated in each example, and the reflectivity was determined. The results are shown in Table 10.

[0342] Table 1

[0343] Material n@450nm n@550nm n@650nm <![CDATA[SiO2]]> 1.463 1.460 1.450 <![CDATA[MgF2]]> 1.382 1.379 1.377 N-SF1 1.744 1.723 1.711 N-SF6 1.841 1.812 1.797 N-SF66 1.974 1.932 1.911 <![CDATA[Si3N4]]> 2.079 2.050 2.037 <![CDATA[ZrO2]]> 2.197 2.160 2.149 <![CDATA[Ta2O5]]> 2.183 2.141 2.117 <![CDATA[HfO2]]> 2.140 2.117 2.104 <![CDATA[Nb2O5]]> 2.452 2.360 2.316 <![CDATA[TiO2]]> 2.518 2.410 2.370 P-SF68 2.060 2.015 1.993 MX1 2.130 2.065 2.030

[0344] *MX1: Mix TiO2 / SiO2 at a ratio of 60 / 40

[0345] Table 2. Substrate: N-SF6

[0346]

[0347] Table 3a Substrate: N-SF6

[0348]

[0349] Table 3b Substrate: N-SF6

[0350]

[0351] Table 4. Substrate: N-SF6

[0352]

[0353] Table 5a Substrate: N-SF66

[0354]

[0355] Table 5b Substrate: N-SF6

[0356]

[0357]

[0358] Table 6 Substrate: P-SF68

[0359]

[0360] Table 7 Substrate: N-SF66

[0361]

[0362] Table 8. Substrate: N-SF6

[0363]

[0364] Table 9. Substrate: N-SF1

[0365]

[0366] Table 10

[0367]

[0368]

[0369] List of icon numbers

[0370] 100 Optical Layered Composite Materials

[0371] 101 base

[0372] 102 First coating layer

[0373] 103 Second Coating Layer

[0374] 104 Third Coating Layer

[0375] 105 Fourth coating layer

[0376] 106 Backward direction

[0377] 107 Forward direction

[0378] 201 coating

[0379] 202 Projector

[0380] 203 Overlapping Images

[0381] 204 Real-world images

[0382] 301 screen

[0383] 401 High Refractive Index Layer

[0384] 402 Low Refractive Index Layer

[0385] 403 High Refractive Index Needle Layer

[0386] 404 Low Refractive Index Needle Layer

[0387] 405 Low-refractive-index needle layer

[0388] 501 Optical Layered Composite Material

[0389] 502 Spacer

[0390] 601 width

[0391] 602 Length

[0392] 603 thickness

[0393] 604 Front

[0394] 605 Back

[0395] 801 optical fiber

[0396] 802 optical path

[0397] 803 Optical Trap

[0398] 804 Target

[0399] 805 camera

Claims

1. An optical layered composite material, comprising: i.) A substrate having a front side, a back side, and a thickness d between the front side and the back side. s and refractive index n s ,as well as ii.) A coating applied to the front side, the coating comprising one or more coating layers, Among them, at least one wavelength in the range of 390 nm to 700 nm g The coating meets the following criteria: ,and , Where, n c It is the thickness-weighted average refractive index of the coating layer; d c It is the total thickness of the coating; The thickness is determined in a direction perpendicular to the front surface; 。 2. The optical layered composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coating comprises one or more Group A coatings with a refractive index of at least 1.7 and one or more Group B coatings with a refractive index of less than 1.

7.

3. The optical layered composite material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The substrate has a refractive index of 1.65 or greater.

4. The optical layered composite material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, One or more of the following conditions must be met: i.) Thickness d s Within the range of 10 µm to 1500 µm; ii.) The radius of curvature is greater than 600 mm; iii.) The in-plane optical loss measured perpendicular to the front is at most 20%; iv.) The surface roughness of the substrate is less than 5 nm; v.) The surface roughness of the coating is less than 5 nm; vi.) The total thickness variation is less than 5 µm; vii.) The maximum local thickness variation over 75% of the front surface is less than 5 µm; viii.) Warpage less than 350 μm; ix.) The arcuate deformity is less than 300 μm.

5. The optical layered composite material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The coating comprises a coating layer with a refractive index in the range of 1.70 to 2.

60.

6. The optical layered composite material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The coating comprises a coating layer with a refractive index in the range of 1.37 to 1.

60.

7. The optical layered composite material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The substrate is selected from glass, polymer, optical ceramics or crystal.

8. The optical layered composite material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Includes means for coupling light to or decoupling light from the optical layered composite material.

9. The optical layered composite material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The optical layered composite material is a wafer. The optical layered composite material described herein meets the following criteria: i.) The surface area of ​​the front is 0.010 m 2 up to 0.500 m 2 Within the range; ii.) The thickness d s Within the range of 10 µm to 1500 µm; iii.) The thickness d s Within the range of 10 µm to 1500 µm; iv.) Radius of curvature greater than 600 mm; v.) The in-plane optical loss measured perpendicular to the front is at most 20%; vi.) The surface roughness of the substrate is less than 5 nm; vii.) The surface roughness of the coating is less than 5 nm; viii.) Total thickness variation is less than 5 µm; ix.) The maximum local thickness variation over 75% of the front surface is less than 5 µm; x.) Warpage less than 350 µm; xi.) The arcuate deformity is less than 300 μm; xii.) The shape is circular.

10. An apparatus comprising one or more optical layered composite materials according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that, Comprising x combinations of optical layered composite materials according to any one of claims 1 to 9, where x is at least an integer of 2; The x optical layered composite materials are arranged in a stacked manner, with their front faces parallel and pointing in the same direction, and there is a spacer region made of a material with a refractive index of less than 1.3 between each pair of front faces and adjacent back faces.

12. A process for preparing an optical layered composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: i.) Provide a base with a front and a back; ii.) Apply one or more coating layers to the front surface by physical vapor deposition.

13. A process for manufacturing augmented reality devices, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: i.) Providing a wafer of the optical layered composite material according to claim 9; ii.) Reduce the surface area of ​​the front side to obtain a portion; iii.) The portion is provided as a viewing screen in the augmented reality device.

14. Use of the optical layered composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in augmented reality devices.

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