Near-eye light field display device

Abstract

The present application discloses a display module and a display device, and relates to the field of display technology. The present application provides a display module in which a dimming component is designed in an array substrate included in a display panel of the display module, and the dimming component can deflect the light emitted by the backlight assembly and irradiate the light shading area of ​​the black matrix in the color film substrate to the opening area. In this way, the total amount of light passing through the opening area can be increased, thereby improving the light utilization rate of the display panel to the light emitted by the backlight assembly, and the display effect of the display module is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display module and a display device. Background Art

[0002] The arrangement of sub-pixels of different colors in a liquid crystal display (LCD) display device can ensure full display of the sub-pixels, and the imaging picture is natural. In addition, the life of the LCD display device is long. Therefore, LCD display devices are currently widely used in the display field.

[0003] In the related art, an LCD display module includes: an LCD display panel and a backlight assembly located on the non-display side of the LCD display panel. The backlight assembly is used to provide backlight for the LCD display panel. Among them, the LCD display panel generally includes an array substrate and a color film substrate arranged in a box. The array substrate includes a plurality of pixel units, and the color film substrate includes a black matrix, and a plurality of opening areas corresponding to the plurality of pixel units are designed on the black matrix. For each pixel unit, the light provided by the backlight assembly can be emitted from the corresponding opening area. In addition, the portion outside the opening area of ​​the black matrix is ​​used as a shading area to block the light in the non-display area to prevent light leakage from the display device, thereby improving the contrast of the display device.

[0004] However, the light utilization rate of the display device in the related art is low, and the display effect of the display device is poor. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a display module and a display device, which can solve the problem of poor display effect of the display device in the related art. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] In one aspect, a display module is provided, the display module comprising: a display panel and a backlight assembly located on a non-display side of the display panel, the backlight assembly being used to provide backlight for the display panel; the display panel comprising: an array substrate and a color filter substrate connected to a cell;

[0007] The array substrate comprises: a first substrate, and a dimming component located on a side of the first substrate close to the color filter substrate;

[0008] The color film substrate comprises: a second substrate, and a black matrix located on a side of the second substrate close to the array substrate, wherein the black matrix has a plurality of opening areas and a light shielding area other than the plurality of opening areas;

[0009] The dimming component is used to deflect the light emitted by the backlight component and directed to the light shielding area and direct it to the plurality of opening areas.

[0010] Optionally, the dimming component includes a plurality of pyramids, the orthographic projection of each pyramid on a reference plane is a triangle, and the reference plane is perpendicular to the bearing surface of the first substrate;

[0011] Each of the pyramids includes at least a first surface, a second surface and a third surface, the first surface is parallel to the supporting surface of the first substrate, and the second surface and the third surface are used to deflect the light emitted by the backlight assembly that is irradiated to the shading area to irradiate the multiple opening areas.

[0012] Optionally, the shape of the orthographic projection of each of the pyramids on the reference plane is an isosceles triangle;

[0013] The angle between the first surface and the second surface is equal to the angle between the first surface and the third surface.

[0014] Optionally, each of the pyramids corresponds to one of the opening areas, and an orthographic projection of each of the pyramids on the first substrate covers an orthographic projection of the corresponding opening area on the first substrate.

[0015] Optionally, an orthographic projection of the center of each pyramid on the first substrate overlaps with an orthographic projection of the center of the corresponding opening area on the first substrate.

[0016] Optionally, the array substrate further includes: a first dielectric layer located on a side of the dimming component away from the first substrate; and a refractive index of the pyramid is greater than a refractive index of the first dielectric layer.

[0017] Optionally, the angle between the first surface and the second surface, and the angle between the first surface and the third surface range from 40 degrees to 50 degrees.

[0018] Optionally, the light-shielding area of ​​the black matrix includes at least a plurality of first sub-light-shielding areas extending along a first direction, and a plurality of second sub-light-shielding areas extending along a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction intersect;

[0019] The orthographic projection of each of the pyramids included in the dimming component on the first substrate is located within the orthographic projection of a corresponding sub-light-shielding area on the first substrate.

[0020] Optionally, an orthographic projection of the center of each pyramid on the first substrate overlaps with an orthographic projection of the center of the corresponding sub-light-shielding area on the first substrate.

[0021] Optionally, the array substrate further includes: a first dielectric layer located on a side of the dimming component away from the first substrate; and a refractive index of the pyramid is smaller than a refractive index of the first dielectric layer.

[0022] Optionally, the array substrate further comprises: a routing layer located on a side of the dimming component away from the first substrate, the routing layer comprising a plurality of routing patterns, and an orthographic projection of each of the routing patterns on the first substrate at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of the light shielding area on the first substrate;

[0023] The distance between the side of the wiring pattern close to the first substrate and the top of the pyramid satisfies: the deflection angle is greater than or equal to the first angle and less than or equal to the second angle;

[0024] Among them, the first angle is the angle between the line between the top of the pyramid and the edge of the wiring pattern on the side close to the first substrate, and the direction perpendicular to the bearing surface of the first substrate; the second angle is the angle between the line between the bottom of the pyramid and the equivalent edge of the wiring pattern when the black matrix is ​​away from the first substrate, and the direction perpendicular to the bearing surface of the first substrate; the deflection angle is the angle between the direction of the light emitted by the backlight assembly after being deflected by the pyramid, and the direction perpendicular to the bearing surface of the first substrate.

[0025] Optionally, the first angle θ′ satisfies:

[0026] The second angle θ″ satisfies:

[0027] Among them, w is the width of the routing pattern, m is the width of the opening area, H is the distance between the side of the routing pattern close to the first substrate and the side of the black matrix away from the first substrate, and h is the distance between the side of the routing pattern close to the first substrate and the top of the pyramid.

[0028] Optionally, the display module further includes: a collimating component located between the backlight assembly and the display panel, the collimating component being used to collimate and modulate the light emitted by the backlight assembly and then irradiate the light onto the display panel.

[0029] On the other hand, a display device is provided, the display device comprising: a power supply component and the display module as described in the above aspect;

[0030] Wherein, the power supply component is used to supply power to the display module.

[0031] Optionally, the display device is a near-eye light field display device.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this application include at least:

[0033] The present application provides a display module and a display device, wherein a display panel of the display module includes an array substrate in which a dimming component is designed, and the dimming component can deflect the light emitted by the backlight assembly and irradiate the light shading area of ​​the black matrix in the color film substrate to the opening area. Thus, the total amount of light passing through the opening area can be increased, thereby improving the light utilization rate of the display panel for the light emitted by the backlight assembly, and the display effect of the display module is better. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a display module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of light emission provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 3 is a curve diagram showing the relationship between the maximum light emission angle of a display module and the base angle of a pyramid provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 4 is a simulation relationship curve diagram of a normalized angle and a base angle of a pyramid provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 5 is a curve diagram of the relationship between angular brightness and the light emission angle of a display module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A partial schematic diagram of the curve graph shown;

[0041] Figure 7 is a curve diagram of the relationship between the total illumination fluctuation ratio and the base angle of the pyramid provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 8 is a top view of a black matrix provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another display module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of a black matrix and a wiring layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Fig.11 is a curve diagram showing the relationship between the illuminance gain within 25° and the light output angle of the backlight assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Fig.12 This is a curve diagram of the relationship between the illumination gain within 25° and the arch height of the lens provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Fig.13 is a curve diagram showing the relationship between the focal length of a lens and the arch height of the lens provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Fig.14 It is a structural schematic diagram of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the implementation methods of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 The display module 10 may include: a display panel 101 and a backlight unit (BLU) 102 located at a non-display side of the display panel 101. The backlight unit 102 is used to provide backlight for the display panel 101.

[0051] refer to Figure 1 The display panel 101 includes: an array substrate 1011 and a color filter substrate 1012 connected in a cell-to-cell manner, and the display panel 101 also includes a liquid crystal (LC) layer 1013 located between the array substrate 1011 and the color filter substrate 1012. The array substrate 1011 includes: a first substrate 10111, and a dimming component 10112 located on a side of the first substrate 10111 close to the color filter substrate 1012. The color filter substrate 1012 includes: a second substrate 10121, and a black matrix (BM) 10122 located on a side of the second substrate 10121 close to the array substrate 1011. The black matrix 10122 has a plurality of opening areas a1 and a light shielding area a2 other than the plurality of opening areas a1.

[0052] In the embodiment of the present application, the dimming component 10112 can be used to deflect the light emitted by the backlight component 102 that is irradiated to the light shielding area a2 and irradiate it to the plurality of opening areas a1. That is, by providing the dimming component 10112, the light that was originally unable to irradiate to the opening area a1 can be deflected to the opening area a1 and emitted, thereby increasing the total amount of light passing through the opening area a1, improving the light utilization rate of the display panel 101 for the light emitted by the backlight component 102, and further improving the display effect of the display module.

[0053] In summary, the embodiment of the present application provides a display module, wherein the display panel of the display module includes an array substrate in which a dimming component is designed, and the dimming component can deflect the light emitted by the backlight assembly and irradiate the light shading area of ​​the black matrix in the color film substrate to the opening area. Thus, the total amount of light passing through the opening area can be increased, thereby improving the light utilization rate of the display panel for the light emitted by the backlight assembly, and the display effect of the display module is better.

[0054] Among them, the first substrate 10111 and the second substrate 10121 can both be glass substrates.

[0055] refer to Figure 1 It can be seen that the dimming component 10112 may include a plurality of pyramids b. The shape of the orthographic projection of each pyramid b on the reference plane is a triangle. The reference plane is perpendicular to the bearing surface of the first substrate 10111.

[0056] Each pyramid b at least includes a first surface b1, a second surface b2 and a third surface b3. The first surface b1 is parallel to the supporting surface of the first substrate 10111. The second surface b2 and the third surface b3 are used to deflect the light emitted by the backlight assembly 102 and irradiate the light shielding area a2 to the plurality of opening areas a1.

[0057] Optionally, the shape of the orthographic projection of each pyramid b on the reference plane is an isosceles triangle. The angle between the first surface b1 and the second surface b2 is equal to the angle between the first surface b1 and the third surface b3. In this way, the pyramid b can be made into a symmetrical structure, so that the second surface b2 and the third surface b3 have the same deflection effect on light, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the display effect of the display module 10.

[0058] As an optional implementation, refer to Figure 1 , each pyramid b corresponds to an opening area a1. Moreover, the orthographic projection of each pyramid b on the first substrate 10111 covers the orthographic projection of the corresponding opening area a1 on the first substrate 10111. Thus, the light emitted from the opening area a1 can be refracted by the pyramid b, thereby increasing the light output.

[0059] The orthographic projection of the center of each pyramid b on the first substrate 10111 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the center of the corresponding opening area a1 on the first substrate 10111. That is, the pyramid b can be arranged at the center of the opening area a1, so that the pyramid b deflects the light irradiated to the opening area a1 symmetrically with the opening area a1, thereby ensuring the symmetry of the light and improving the display effect of the display module 10.

[0060] Optionally, the array substrate 1011 further includes: a first dielectric layer 10113 located on a side of the dimming component 10112 away from the first substrate 10111. The refractive index of the pyramid b is greater than the refractive index of the first dielectric layer 10113. Based on the setting position of the pyramid b and the refractive index relationship between the pyramid b and the first dielectric layer 10113, the light can be deflected to the opening area a1. The first dielectric layer 10113 can be an optically clear (OC) layer.

[0061] refer to Figure 2 , there is a gap between the backlight assembly 102 and the first substrate 10111, and the medium in the gap is usually air. Assume that the angle between the light irradiated by the backlight assembly 102 to the first substrate 10111 and the vertical direction ranges from -ψ to ψ. Since the refractive index of the pyramid b is greater than the refractive index of air (there is a difference in refractive index), the angle between the light and the vertical direction (the vertical direction is the normal direction) can be narrowed to to Furthermore, since there is a difference in the refractive index between the pyramid b and the first substrate 10111, the angle between the light and the vertical direction can be further narrowed to -β to β. Since the normal of the second surface b2 (or the third surface b3) of the pyramid b is perpendicular to the second surface b2 (or the third surface b3), it is assumed that the incident angle of the light with a light emitting angle of β on the second surface b2 (or the third surface b3) becomes A, and the incident angle of the light with a light emitting angle of -β on the second surface b2 (or the third surface b3) becomes B. Since there is a difference in the refractive index between the pyramid b and the first dielectric layer 10113, after the light is refracted by the second surface b2 (or the third surface b3) of the pyramid b, the angles between its exit angle and the normal of the second surface b2 (or the third surface b3) are A′ and B′. The exit angles of the two light beams emitted from the light-emitting side of the display module are A″ and B″ respectively. Among them, Figure 2 Here, c1 may be equivalent to the surface of the first substrate close to the backlight assembly, and c2 may be equivalent to the light emitting surface of the display panel.

[0062] in, A″>A′>A, B″>B′>B. Moreover, since the incident angle A and the incident angle B are both related to the size of the base angle of the pyramid b, the two are usually not equal. For example Figure 1 In the equation, assuming that the base angle of pyramid b is α, then A = α-β, B = α+β.

[0063] It should be noted that even if the light finally emitted from the light-emitting side has different emission angles, the transmission process of the entire optical path follows the law of refraction of light: n1×sinθ1=n2×sinθ2. Figure 2 , n1 is the refractive index of the first material medium, θ1 is the incident angle of the light, n2 is the refractive index of the second material medium, and θ2 is the refractive angle of the light. For example, when the light is irradiated from the first substrate 10111 to the first surface b1 of the pyramid b, the first material medium is the first substrate 10111, n1 is the refractive index of the first substrate 10111, and θ1 is The second material medium is pyramid b, n2 is the refractive index of pyramid b, and θ2 is β.

[0064] Typically, for near-eye light field display products, such as virtual reality (VR) products or augmented reality (AR) products, the angle range of the light emitted from the backlight assembly 102 to the display panel 101 is usually -45° to 45°. However, the angle range of the light finally emitted by the product (i.e., the angle range of the light output angle on the light output side) needs to be -25° to 25°. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, it is necessary to enable the dimming assembly 10112 to achieve a total illuminance within a 25-degree range as much as possible.

[0065] Figure 3 : is a curve diagram showing the relationship between the maximum light output angle of a display module and the base angle of a pyramid provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 It can be seen that with the increase of the base angle of pyramid b, the maximum light output angle of the display module first increases; when it increases to a certain value, with the increase of the base angle of pyramid b, the maximum light output angle of the display module does not change much (the light in this range mainly undergoes total reflection); finally, with the continued increase of the base angle of pyramid b, the maximum light output angle of the display module decreases.

[0066] The refractive index of pyramid b ranges from 1.7 to 2.0. That is, the refractive index of pyramid b cannot be too small or too large. Figure 3 , the refractive index of pyramid b is 2.1, then when the base angle of pyramid b is small, the light will be totally reflected, that is, the possibility of total reflection is high, which may have a negative effect on the gain of light and will not have other benefits on beam narrowing, so the refractive index of pyramid b cannot be too large. Figure 3 , the refractive index of pyramid b is 1.6. When the base angle of pyramid b is up to 80°, the maximum light output angle of the display module cannot reach the target angle within 25 degrees, and the requirement of brightening the total light output illumination within the range of 25 degrees cannot be achieved. Therefore, the refractive index of pyramid b cannot be too small.

[0067] refer to Figure 3 When the refractive index of pyramid b is 1.8, the bottom angle of pyramid b is greater than 60° to achieve the narrowing of light (i.e., less than the angle of light irradiated from the backlight assembly 102 to the display panel 101), and the bottom angle of pyramid b is greater than 75° to narrow the angle of light to within 25°. In addition, the light totally reflected by pyramid b can be reused after being diffused and reflected by the backlight assembly 102, thereby improving the illumination value within 25 degrees and achieving light gain.

[0068] Figure 4 : is a simulation relationship curve diagram of normalized angular brightness and the base angle of a pyramid provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 , the angle of the half-width position of the scheme with pyramids is smaller than the angle of the half-width position of the scheme without pyramids, that is, the angle spectrum can be narrowed with pyramids compared to without pyramids. When the base angle of pyramid b is 65°, the angle of the light refracted from the interface between the second surface b2 (or the third surface b3) of pyramid b and the first dielectric layer 10113 (not yet emitted from the light-emitting side) is approximately 24°. When the light is emitted from the light-emitting side of the display module, there will be a certain divergence, and the angle after divergence is approximately 34.27°. That is, when the base angle of pyramid b is 65°, the light emitted from the light-emitting side cannot be narrowed to less than 25°. When the base angle of pyramid b is 75°, the angle of the light refracted from the interface between the second surface b2 or the third surface b3 of pyramid b and the first dielectric layer 10113 (not yet emitted from the display panel 101) is approximately 15°. When the light is emitted from the light-emitting side, there will be a certain divergence, and the angle after divergence is approximately 25°. That is, when the base angle of pyramid b is 75°, the light emitted from the light-emitting side can be narrowed to within 25°. This simulation result can be compared with Figure 3 The theoretical values ​​shown match.

[0069] From the above analysis, it can be seen that when only the refraction effect of the pyramid b is considered without considering the reflection of the backlight assembly 102, when the base angle of the pyramid b is greater than 75°, the illumination value of the light within 25 degrees can be improved.

[0070] Furthermore, considering the reflective characteristics of the backlight assembly 102, assuming that the total light transmittance of the backlight assembly 102 is M, after being dimmed by pyramid b, a lumens of light can be narrowed to within 25° at one time, and b lumens of light can be irradiated onto the backlight assembly 102 after being reflected by pyramid b. Assuming that the transmittance of the backlight assembly 102 is Tr, the b lumens of light that is irradiated onto the backlight assembly 102 after being reflected by pyramid b can be b×Tr lumens. Furthermore, the b×Tr lumens of light that is reflected by the backlight assembly 102 and can be irradiated onto the display panel 101 can be b×Tr×Trlumen. After being dimmed by pyramid b, the b×Tr×Trlumen of light can be Based on this, assuming that the light of c lumen in the solution without pyramid covers within 25°, after pyramid b dimming, the illumination gain within 25 degrees can be expressed as:

[0071]

[0072] Referring to Table 1 below, when the dimming of pyramid b and the reflection gain of the backlight assembly 102 are considered simultaneously, the gain of pyramid b is greater when the base angle is approximately in the range of 40° to 50°. In addition, the greater the transmittance of the light source, the greater its gain.

[0073] Table 1

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] Based on the above Table 1, it can be seen that when the base angle of pyramid b is too large (for example, greater than 60°), illumination gain cannot be achieved within 25°. The main reason is that the total reflection angle distribution range of pyramid b for light is relatively large, and the transmittance loss of the backlight assembly 102 makes it impossible for the light used in the secondary cycle to make up for the loss. When the angle of pyramid b is within the range of 40° to 50°, due to its small proportion of large-angle light capacity, illumination gain within 25° can be generated.

[0077] Figure 5 This is a curve diagram showing the relationship between angular brightness and the light emission angle of a display module provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A partial schematic diagram of the curve graph shown. Figure 5 and Figure 6It can be seen that the angle of the emitted light of the solution with pyramids can be narrower than that of the solution without pyramids, that is, the light narrowing effect can be achieved. Moreover, taking the base angle of pyramid b as an example, when the transmittance of the backlight assembly 102 is 80% and 100%, the brightness is greater than that of the solution without pyramid b. Figure 5 and Figure 6 5.00E+05 means 5×10 5 , 2.00E+06 means 2×10 6 The rest are similar and will not be repeated here.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present application, the gain effect of the pyramid b is partially reflected in the narrowing of the overall light output angle spectrum and the increase in energy within a certain viewing angle, and is also partially reflected in the deflection of light originally irradiated onto other obstructions such as the metal layer (such as the data line) in the array substrate 1011 into the opening area a1, thereby achieving illumination gain.

[0079] refer to Figure 7 When the refractive index of pyramid b is 1.95 or 2.1, as the base angle of pyramid b increases, the total illumination of the light first increases gradually and then decreases gradually, and the effect of achieving illumination gain is poor. When the refractive index of pyramid b is 1.8, as the base angle of pyramid b increases, the total illumination of the light first increases and then decreases slightly, until the base angle of pyramid b is 40°, the total illumination of the light can still reach more than 100% (that is, it can generate gain). Moreover, when the base angle of pyramid b is 35°, the total illumination of the light reaches the maximum gain, that is, it reaches 118%.

[0080] like Figure 7 As shown, the light emitting angle of the backlight component 102 is within 10°, the bottom angle of the pyramid b is selected as 35°, and the total illumination of its light reaches the maximum gain. In addition, as shown in Table 1 above, the light emitting angle of the backlight component 102 is within 45°, the bottom angle of the pyramid b is selected as 40° to 50°, and the illumination gain of its light is relatively large. That is, the light emitting angle of the backlight component 102 may affect the selection of the bottom angle of the pyramid b. Among them, the light emitting angle of the backlight component 102 is 10°, which can be the case where a collimating component is designed between the backlight component 102 and the display panel 101. After the light emitted by the backlight component 102 is collimated by the collimating component, the angle of the light emitted to the display panel 101 is within 10°.

[0081] Figure 8 is a top view of a black matrix provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 The light shielding area a2 of the black matrix 10122 at least includes a plurality of first sub-light shielding areas a21 extending along a first direction X, and a plurality of second sub-light shielding areas a22 extending along a second direction Y. The first direction X and the second direction Y intersect, for example, the first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular.

[0082] As another optional implementation, refer to Fig. 9 The orthographic projection of each pyramid b included in the dimming component 10112 on the first substrate 10111 is located within the orthographic projection of a corresponding sub-light-shielding area on the first substrate 10111. The pyramid b can deflect the light originally irradiated to the light-shielding area a2 to the opening area a1, thereby achieving light gain.

[0083] Optionally, the orthographic projection of the center of each pyramid b on the first substrate 10111 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the center of the corresponding sub-light-shielding area a2 on the first substrate 10111. That is, the pyramid b can be set at the center of the light-shielding area a2, so that the light deflected by the second surface b2 of the pyramid b is irradiated to one of the opening areas a1, and the light deflected by the third surface b3 is irradiated to the other opening area a1, and the two opening areas a1 are arranged symmetrically with the pyramid b as the axis, and the symmetry of the light deflected by the pyramid b to the two opening areas a1 is high, thereby improving the display effect of the display module.

[0084] Optionally, the refractive index of the pyramid b is less than the refractive index of the first dielectric layer 10113. Based on the location of the pyramid b and the relationship between the refractive indices of the pyramid b and the first dielectric layer 10113, the light can be deflected to the opening area a1.

[0085] In the examples of this application, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 8 , the array substrate 1011 may further include: a routing layer 10114 located on a side of the dimming component 10112 away from the first substrate 10111. The routing layer 10114 includes a plurality of routing patterns m, and the orthographic projection of each routing pattern m on the first substrate 10111 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the light shielding area a2 on the first substrate 10111. The material of the routing layer 10114 may be a metal material, that is, the routing layer 10114 also has a shielding effect on light.

[0086] For example, refer to Fig.10 , assuming that the routing pattern m is a data routing, and the data routing is located in the source-drain layer. The width of the orthographic projection of the data routing on the first substrate 10111 is greater than the width of the orthographic projection of the light shielding area a2 on the first substrate 10111. The data routing extends along the first direction X, and the array substrate 1011 further includes a gate line extending along the second direction Y, and the orthographic projection of the light shielding area a2 of the black matrix 10122 on the first substrate 10111 and the orthographic projection of the gate line on the first substrate 10111 at least partially overlap.

[0087] refer to Fig. 9, the distance between the side of the routing pattern m close to the first substrate 10111 and the top of the pyramid b satisfies: the deflection angle is greater than or equal to the first angle θ′, and less than or equal to the second angle θ″. Among them, the first angle θ′ is the angle between the line between the top of the pyramid b and the edge of the routing pattern m close to the first substrate 10111, and the direction perpendicular to the supporting surface of the first substrate 10111. The second angle θ″ is the angle between the line between the bottom of the pyramid b and the equivalent edge of the routing pattern m when the black matrix 10122 is away from the first substrate 10111, and the direction perpendicular to the supporting surface of the first substrate 10111. The deflection angle is the angle between the direction of the light emitted by the backlight assembly 102 after being deflected by the pyramid b, and the direction perpendicular to the supporting surface of the first substrate 10111. That is, the distance between the side of the wiring pattern m close to the first substrate 10111 and the top of the pyramid b is selected so that the light refracted by the pyramid b can illuminate the opening area a1.

[0088] Optional, reference Fig. 9 , the first angle θ′ satisfies: The second angle θ″ satisfies:

[0089] Among them, w is the width of the routing pattern m, m is the width of the opening area a1, H is the distance between the side of the routing pattern m close to the first substrate 10111 and the side of the black matrix 10122 away from the first substrate 10111, and h is the distance between the side of the routing pattern m close to the first substrate 10111 and the top of the pyramid b.

[0090] Assuming w=1 micrometer (μm), m=4μm, H=6μm, Reference Table 2 shows the angle (prism light-emitting angle) between the light-emitting light of the second surface b2 (or the third surface b3) of the prism and the vertical direction corresponding to prisms with different refractive indices and different bottom angles. It can be seen from Reference Table 2 that the prism light-emitting angle is related to the refractive index of the prism, the bottom angle of the prism, and the distance h between the side of the wiring pattern m close to the first substrate 10111 and the top of the pyramid b. Moreover, only under the premise of ensuring that the prism light-emitting angle is less than 16° can the light-emitting angle of the display module 10 be converged to within 25°. That is, in the cases of serial numbers 1, 6, 7, 8 and 12, the light-emitting angle of the display module 10 can be converged to within 25°.

[0091] Table 2

[0092] Serial number Distance Prism refractive index Base angle of prism Prism light angle 1 2 1.24 60 14.28181767 2 2 1.24 65 16.47762423 3 2 1.24 70 19.03034365 4 2 1.24 75 22.01302464 5 2 1.24 80 25.50076721 6 3 1.24 50 10.70869676 7 3 1.24 55 12.37744489 8 3 1.24 60 14.28181767 9 3 1.24 65 16.47762423 10 3 1.24 70 19.03034365 11 3 1.24 75 22.01302464 12 3 1.42 80 11.20679863

[0093] refer to Fig.11, modeling and analysis are performed with the parameter numbered 1. By designing the pyramid b of the dimming component 10112 to be located below the shading area a2, the illuminance gain within 25° can be achieved, but there are certain requirements for the collimation of the light emitted by the backlight component 102. For example, Fig.11 In the embodiment, the light output angle of the backlight assembly 102 is within 25° to achieve the light illumination gain within 25°.

[0094] Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the display module 10 may further include: a collimating component (not shown in the figure) located between the backlight assembly 102 and the display panel 101. The collimating component is used to collimate and modulate the light emitted by the backlight assembly 102 and then irradiate it to the display panel 101. By designing the collimating component, the angle between the direction of the light emitted by the backlight assembly 102 irradiating the display panel 101 and the vertical bearing surface of the first substrate 10111 can be less than 25°.

[0095] In the embodiment of the present application, the dimming component 10112 is integrated in the array substrate 1011, and the collimation requirement for the light emitted by the backlight component 102 is relatively low. If the dimming component 10112 is designed directly between the array substrate 1011 and the backlight component 102, the collimation requirement for the light emitted by the backlight component 102 will be very high.

[0096] refer to Fig.12 , taking the transmittance of the backlight assembly 101 as 63% and the refractive index of the lens of the dimming assembly as 1.56 as an example, assuming that the dimming assembly 10112 is designed between the array substrate 1011 and the backlight assembly 102, if the collimation of the light emitted by the backlight assembly 102 is low (for example, the light output angle of the backlight assembly is 10° or 20° in the figure), it is difficult to achieve an illumination gain within 25° regardless of the size of the structure (such as a lens) in the dimming assembly 10112. Only when the light emitted by the backlight assembly 102 is a strictly collimated light (that is, the light output angle of the backlight assembly is 0°), can an illumination gain within 25° be achieved.

[0097] However, the existing collimation components have limited collimation effects on light, and cannot make the light strictly collimated light, but can only achieve the convergence of light at a certain angle (eg, it may only be possible to converge the light to within 25°).

[0098] Furthermore, the dimming component 10112 needs to achieve the function of converging light, and the focal length of the lens needs to be greater than 100 μm, so that the intersection of the lens converges on the side of the wiring layer 10114 away from the first substrate 10111. Fig.13In the preparation process (thermal reflux) of the dimming component 10112, the dimming component 10112 can only be prepared when the aperture D and arch height H of the lens are greater than 2 and less than 7. The focal length of the lens that can be prepared is within 100μm, and the light cannot be focused.

[0099] Furthermore, if the dimming component 10112 is designed between the array substrate 1011 and the backlight component 102, the thickness of the first substrate 10111 of the array substrate 1011 alone is greater than 100 μm (e.g., the thickness of the first substrate 10111 is usually 500 μm). If the dimming component 10112 designed between the array substrate 1011 and the backlight component 102 is required to achieve the function of converging light, the first substrate 10111 needs to be thinned to a thickness within 100 μm. However, a substrate within 100 μm cannot be used for subsequent film preparation, and it is not feasible in terms of technology.

[0100] From the above analysis, it can be seen that in the solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the pyramid b of the dimming component 10112 is integrated into the array substrate 1011. On the one hand, it can reduce the collimation requirements of the light irradiated to the display panel 101 (it is only necessary to design a collimation component between the backlight component 102 and the array substrate 1011) to improve the illuminance gain within 25°; on the other hand, it can facilitate the preparation of the pyramid b, which can achieve light convergence.

[0101] In the embodiment of the present application, the array substrate 1011 further includes: a second dielectric layer 10115 located on a side of the first dielectric layer 10112 away from the first substrate 10111, a third dielectric layer 10116 located on a side of the wiring layer 10114 away from the first substrate 10111, and a common electrode (com) 10117 located on a side of the third dielectric layer 10116 away from the first substrate 10111. The material of the common electrode 10117 can be a transparent material, such as indium tin oxide (ITO). The color filter substrate 1012 further includes a fourth dielectric layer 10123 located on a side of the black matrix 10122 away from the second substrate 10121.

[0102] Optionally, the second dielectric layer 10115 may be a buffer layer, the third dielectric layer 10116 may be an inter-level dielectric layer (ILD), and the fourth dielectric layer may be an optical adhesive layer (OC).

[0103] In the embodiment of the present application, Figure 1In the illustrated solution, the pyramid b may be a quadrangular pyramid, that is, in addition to the first surface b1 parallel to the supporting surface of the first substrate 10111, the pyramid b also includes four oblique side surfaces, and the four side surfaces can be used to deflect the light irradiated to the shading area a2 to irradiate to the opening area a1. Fig. 9 In the scheme shown, the pyramid b can be a strip structure, whose orthographic projection on the first substrate 10111 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the sub-shading area on the first substrate 10111. In this scheme, the two oblique sides of the pyramid b can be used to deflect the light irradiated to the shading area a2 to the opening area a1.

[0104] In summary, the embodiment of the present application provides a display module, wherein the display panel of the display module includes an array substrate in which a dimming component is designed, and the dimming component can deflect the light emitted by the backlight assembly and irradiate the light shading area of ​​the black matrix in the color film substrate to the opening area. Thus, the total amount of light passing through the opening area can be increased, thereby improving the light utilization rate of the display panel for the light emitted by the backlight assembly, and the display effect of the display module is better.

[0105] Fig.14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.14 The display device may include: a power supply component 20 and a display module 10 as provided in the above embodiment. The power supply component 20 may be used to supply power to the display module 10.

[0106] Optionally, the display device may be a near-eye light field display device. For example, the display device is a VR device or an AR device.

[0107] Since the display device can have substantially the same technical effects as the display module described in the previous embodiment, the technical effects of the display device will not be repeatedly described here for the purpose of brevity.

[0108] It will be understood that, although the terms first and second, etc. may be used to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and / or parts in this article, these elements, components, regions, layers and / or parts should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or part from another region, layer or part. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer or part discussed above may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer or part without departing from the teaching of the present disclosure.

[0109] Spatially relative terms such as "under...", "above...", "left", "right", etc. may be used herein to describe the relationship between an element or feature and another (some) element or feature as illustrated in the figure for ease of description. It will be understood that these spatially relative terms are intended to cover different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, the element described as "under other elements or features" will be oriented as "above other elements or features". Therefore, the exemplary term "under..." can cover both the orientations of above and below. The device can be oriented in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used in this article are interpreted accordingly. In addition, it will also be understood that when a layer is referred to as "between two layers", it can be the only layer between the two layers, or one or more intermediate layers may also be present.

[0110] The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing a specific embodiment and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "one", "one" and "the" are intended to also include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "include" and / or "comprise" specify the existence of the features, integral bodies, steps, operations, elements and / or parts when used in this specification, but do not exclude the existence of one or more other features, integral bodies, steps, operations, elements, parts and / or its groups or add one or more other features, integral bodies, steps, operations, elements, parts and / or its groups. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. In this specification, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples without contradicting each other.

[0111] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure belongs. It will be further understood that terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the relevant art and / or the context of this specification, and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense, unless explicitly defined as such herein.

[0112] The above description is only an optional embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A near-eye light field display device, characterized in that: The near-eye light field display device is a virtual reality device or an augmented reality device, and comprises a display module (10); the display module (10) comprises: a display panel (101), a backlight assembly (102) located on a non-display side of the display panel (101), and a collimating assembly located between the backlight assembly (102) and the display panel (101); the backlight assembly (102) is used to provide backlight for the display panel (101); the collimating assembly is used to collimate and modulate the light emitted by the backlight assembly (102) and then irradiate the display panel (101); after the light emitted by the backlight assembly (102) is collimated by the collimating assembly, the angle of the light emitted to the display panel (101) is within 10°; the display panel (101) comprises: an array substrate (1011) and a color film substrate (1012) connected to a box; The color film substrate (1012) comprises: a second substrate (10121), and a black matrix (10122) located on a side of the second substrate (10121) close to the array substrate (1011); the black matrix (10122) has a plurality of opening areas (a1) and a light shielding area (a2) other than the plurality of opening areas (a1); The array substrate (1011) comprises: a first substrate (10111), and a dimming component (10112) located on a side of the first substrate (10111) close to the color filter substrate (1012) and integrated in the array substrate, the dimming component (10112) comprising a plurality of pyramids (b), the pyramids (b) being quadrangular pyramids, the orthographic projection of each pyramid (b) on a reference plane being an isosceles triangle, the reference plane being perpendicular to a bearing surface of the first substrate (10111), each pyramid (b) comprising at least a first surface (b1), a second surface (b2) and a third surface (b3), the first surface (b1) and the first substrate (10111) being in contact with each other. The array substrate (1011) is parallel to the bearing surface of the first surface (b1) and the second surface (b2), and the angle between the first surface (b1) and the third surface (b3) is 35 degrees, and the orthographic projection of the center of each pyramid (b) on the first substrate (10111) overlaps with the orthographic projection of the center of the corresponding opening area (a1) on the first substrate (10111); the array substrate (1011) further comprises: a first dielectric layer (10113) located on a side of the dimming component (10112) away from the first substrate (10111); the refractive index of the pyramid (b) is greater than the refractive index of the first dielectric layer (10113); There is a gap between the backlight assembly (102) and the first substrate (10111), the medium in the gap is air, the first substrate (10111) and the second substrate (10121) are both glass substrates, the refractive index of the pyramid (b) ranges from 1.7 to 2.0, each of the pyramids (b) corresponds to an opening area (a1), and the orthographic projection of each of the pyramids (b) on the first substrate (10111) covers the orthographic projection of the corresponding opening area (a1) on the first substrate (10111); the second surface (b2) and the third surface (b3) of the pyramid (b) are used to deflect the light emitted by the backlight assembly (102) that is irradiated to the shading area (a2) and irradiate it to the multiple opening areas (a1).

2. The near-eye light field display device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The array substrate (1011) further comprises: a second dielectric layer (10115) located on a side of the first dielectric layer (10112) away from the first substrate (10111), a wiring layer (10114) located on a side of the second dielectric layer (10115) away from the first substrate (10111), a third dielectric layer (10116) located on a side of the wiring layer (10114) away from the first substrate (10111), and a common electrode (10117) located on a side of the third dielectric layer (10116) away from the first substrate (10111).

3. The near-eye light field display device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The color film substrate (1012) comprises: a fourth dielectric layer (10123) located on a side of the black matrix (10122) away from the second substrate (10121).

4. The near-eye light field display device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The near-eye light field display device comprises a power supply component (20), and the power supply component (20) is used to supply power to the display module (10).

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