A real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system for deformation of tunnel surrounding rock

Abstract

The application discloses a tunnel surrounding rock deformation real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system and relates to the technical field of tunnel surrounding rock monitoring. In order to solve the deficiency of the manual measurement monitoring method, the specific structure comprises a central processing unit, a position monitoring unit for monitoring the surrounding rock strain state of each measurement point, a data analysis unit for processing monitoring information, and a storage unit for sorting monitoring information. The position monitoring unit is in communication connection with the data analysis unit. The data analysis unit, the position monitoring unit, and the storage unit are in communication connection with the central processing unit. The position monitoring unit is composed of two or more monitoring modules arranged at each measurement point on the monitoring tunnel. The monitoring interval of each measurement point is 3-10 m. The application can help people quickly understand the strain difference change of each measurement point, realize real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning of the tunnel surrounding rock deformation, and meet the requirements of test accuracy, real-time and continuity of measurement data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel surrounding rock monitoring technology, and in particular to a real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system for tunnel surrounding rock deformation. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of my country's economy and cities, and the rapid development of infrastructure construction such as highways, high-speed railways, and subways, tunnel construction in my country has entered a period of rapid development. However, this has also led to frequent tunnel accidents. Tunnels traverse complex and variable soil geological and hydrogeological conditions. Existing tunnels are frequently affected by geological deterioration, fires, structural damage, degradation and instability, and natural disasters, often resulting in problems such as tunnel arch cracking, sidewall cracking, lining damage, water leakage, frost damage, and large deformation of the surrounding rock. Therefore, it is extremely important to conduct health diagnoses and prevent and control diseases and disasters in existing operational tunnels or tunnels under construction.

[0003] Current technologies for monitoring surrounding rock deformation rely on on-site personnel. The detection method typically involves manual measurement using convergence meters. During the construction of the underpass tunnel, personnel periodically enter the existing tunnel with the measuring instrument. Due to the complex geological conditions of the surrounding rock and the harsh construction environment, this manual measurement method carries certain safety risks. Furthermore, manual measurements often fail to meet requirements for accuracy, real-time data, and continuity. Therefore, we propose a real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system for tunnel surrounding rock deformation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system for tunnel surrounding rock deformation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system for tunnel surrounding rock deformation includes a central processing unit, a location monitoring unit for monitoring the strain state of the surrounding rock at each measurement point, a data analysis unit for processing monitoring information, and a storage unit for organizing monitoring information. The location monitoring unit is communicatively connected to the data analysis unit. The data analysis unit, the location monitoring unit, and the storage unit are communicatively connected to the central processing unit.

[0007] The location monitoring unit consists of two or more monitoring modules located at each measurement point on the monitoring tunnel, with a monitoring interval of 3-10m between each measurement point;

[0008] The data analysis unit consists of a preprocessing block that analyzes the information transmitted by the location monitoring unit and a postprocessing block that performs corresponding processing based on the analysis results.

[0009] Preferably, the monitoring module group includes a monitoring device for real-time monitoring of the monitoring points at each measurement point, and a marking module for recording the location of the measurement points;

[0010] The monitoring points are located at the top of the arch, the waist of the arch, and the foot of the arch at the equilateral position of the measurement point, with two or more monitoring points at the waist.

[0011] Preferably, the monitoring equipment includes surface strain gauges, surrounding rock convergence gauges, levels, total stations, displacement sensors, pressure gauges, anchor bolt force gauges, rebar gauges, temperature sensors, and piezometers.

[0012] The marking module includes a light fixture and a locator for marking the location of each measurement point on the monitored tunnel.

[0013] Preferably, the preprocessing block includes an original value recording module for recording the initial monitoring value of each measurement point, a receiving module for receiving the current monitoring value of each measurement point, and a difference comparison module for comparing the current monitoring value with the initial monitoring value.

[0014] Preferably, the post-processing block includes a highlighting module for marking measurement points with contrast differences, a reference module for recording the influencing factors of the location of each measurement point, an intervention module for inputting correction commands for measurement points with contrast differences, a judgment module for analyzing and determining whether the correction commands are feasible, and an alarm module for alerting measurement points with contrast differences exceeding a set threshold range.

[0015] Preferably, the analysis method of the judgment module includes the following:

[0016] A1: Based on the influencing factors of the location of the measurement point where there is a comparative difference, the system automatically simulates the strain of the measurement point within a set time period to obtain the simulated strain value.

[0017] A2: The correction command is applied to the measurement point where there is a comparison difference. Combined with the influencing factors of the location of the measurement point, the strain of the measurement point is automatically simulated within a set time to obtain the corrected strain value.

[0018] A3: Compare the corrected strain value with the simulated strain value. If the corrected strain value is greater than the simulated strain value, it is determined that the condition does not meet the requirements. Conversely, if the corrected strain value is less than the simulated strain value, it is determined that the condition meets the requirements.

[0019] Preferably, the alarm module includes a field alarm for controlling the lights at the corresponding measurement points to turn on and a background alarm for alerting back-end operators.

[0020] Preferably, the storage unit includes a storage module for recording monitoring data of all measurement points on a single tunnel, a reference query module for quickly finding matching measurement points based on strain characteristics, an integration module for integrating monitoring data of each measurement point within the monitoring time period, a picture construction module for simulating and generating dynamic images representing each measurement point based on the integrated data, and a stitching module for stitching together the dynamic images of each measurement point in the monitored tunnel.

[0021] Preferably, the monitoring data at the measurement points includes the surrounding rock strain and correction instructions for measurement points with comparative differences.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0023] 1. This invention sets up multiple monitoring module groups inside the tunnel to monitor the subsidence of the arch crown, the clearance convergence of the arch waist, and the internal displacement of the surrounding rock at each measurement point on the tunnel, thereby ensuring the comprehensiveness of the monitoring results. The location monitoring unit sends the real-time monitoring value of each measurement point to the data analysis unit. The difference comparison module compares the monitoring value of each measurement point with its initial monitoring value to obtain the comparison difference between the two. This allows people to quickly understand the strain difference changes at each measurement point, enabling real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning of tunnel surrounding rock deformation, and meeting the requirements of testing accuracy, real-time measurement data, and continuity.

[0024] 2. This invention, through the collaborative work of the pre-processing block and the post-processing block, facilitates the obtaining of real-time surrounding rock strain state analysis results at each measurement point of the monitored tunnel. Based on the surrounding rock deformation, the stability of the tunnel structure can be grasped, and the changes in the tunnel can be understood in a timely manner, thus serving as a basis for people to adjust and correct the current tunnel treatment method in the next step.

[0025] 3. In this invention, the highlighting module marks each measurement point on the monitored tunnel where there is a contrast difference, so that people can quickly obtain the status of the measurement points with anomalies from the front end. The alarm module provides a prompt for measurement points where the contrast difference is higher than a set threshold range. People can input correction commands for measurement points with contrast differences through the back-end intervention module. Before implementation, the judgment module determines whether the correction command can be applied to the measurement points with contrast differences, so as to reduce or change the strain of the measurement point.

[0026] 4. In this invention, all monitoring data from measurement points on a single tunnel are stored in a storage module. This allows for the retrieval of strain characteristics via a reference query module when new surrounding rock strain conditions are encountered later, thereby obtaining the closest monitoring case from the measurement points. This serves as the basis for new tunnel surrounding rock strain construction, shortening the response time to surrounding rock strain and reducing safety hazards in newly constructed tunnels.

[0027] 5. This invention utilizes an integration module to consolidate monitoring data from each measurement point within a monitoring period. A screen construction module generates corresponding dynamic images based on the monitoring data from each measurement point. A stitching module stitches together the dynamic images from each measurement point in the monitored tunnel, thereby obtaining a dynamic monitoring evolution image of each measurement point in the monitored tunnel. This allows people to intuitively understand the response and measures taken in different monitored tunnels, and can be used as a reference for later learning by those in the field. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process of a real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system for tunnel surrounding rock deformation proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solution of this patent will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0030] The embodiments of this patent are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this patent, and should not be construed as limiting this patent.

[0031] Example 1:

[0032] A real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system for tunnel surrounding rock deformation, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a central processing unit, a location monitoring unit for monitoring the surrounding rock strain state at each measurement point, a data analysis unit for processing monitoring information, and a storage unit for organizing monitoring information. The location monitoring unit is communicatively connected to the data analysis unit, transmitting the monitoring information from each measurement point of the monitored tunnel to the data analysis unit for analysis and processing. The data analysis unit, location monitoring unit, and storage unit are communicatively connected to the central processing unit. Corresponding adjustment instructions are input through the central processing unit, and the data analysis unit analyzes the feasibility of implementation. The monitoring information and adjustment instructions for the tunnel are sent to the storage unit for storage and recording, so that they can be retrieved later.

[0033] Preferably, the surrounding rock strain state includes displacement deformation of the inner wall of the surrounding rock, pressure changes, concrete strain changes, temperature changes, water pressure changes, etc.

[0034] The location monitoring unit consists of several monitoring module groups located at each measurement point on the monitoring tunnel. Each measurement point is equipped with a corresponding monitoring module group to obtain detailed status information of each measurement point. The monitoring module group includes monitoring equipment for real-time monitoring of the monitoring points at each measurement point and a marking module for recording the location of the measurement points.

[0035] Preferably, the monitoring points are located at the crown of the measuring point, the waist of the arch, and the foot of the arch at the equilateral position of the measuring point. Preferably, multiple monitoring points can be set at the waist of the arch to obtain more detailed monitoring information about the entire waist of the currently monitored tunnel. Multi-point monitoring of the subsidence of the crown, the clearance convergence of the waist, and the internal displacement of the surrounding rock at each measuring point on the monitored tunnel can be carried out to ensure the comprehensiveness of the monitoring results.

[0036] More preferably, the monitoring equipment includes two or more combinations of surface strain gauges, surrounding rock convergence gauges, levels, total stations, displacement sensors, pressure gauges, anchor bolt force gauges, rebar gauges, temperature sensors, and piezometers;

[0037] In a further preferred embodiment, the marking module includes lamps for providing prompts and illumination, and a locator for marking the location of each measurement point on the monitored tunnel, making it convenient for people to quickly locate and reach the accident measurement point.

[0038] Preferably, the monitoring interval between each measurement point is 3-10m, and a monitoring module group is set up every 3-10m to accurately obtain the strain data information of the surrounding rock at the current measurement point.

[0039] The data analysis unit consists of a preprocessing block for analyzing the information transmitted by the location monitoring unit and a postprocessing block for processing the analysis results accordingly. Through the collaborative work of the preprocessing block and the postprocessing block, the real-time surrounding rock strain state analysis results of each measurement point in the monitored tunnel can be easily obtained, and the changes in the tunnel can be understood. This serves as a basis for people to adjust and correct the current tunnel treatment method in the next step.

[0040] Furthermore, the preprocessing block includes an original value recording module for recording the initial monitoring value of each measurement point, a receiving module for receiving the current monitoring value of each measurement point, and a difference comparison module for comparing the current monitoring value with the initial monitoring value. The position monitoring unit sends the current monitoring value of each measurement point to the receiving module in real time. The difference comparison module compares the current monitoring value of the measurement point with its initial monitoring value according to the measurement point, thereby obtaining the comparison difference between the two, so that people can quickly understand the strain difference change of each measurement point.

[0041] Furthermore, the post-processing block includes a highlighting module for marking measurement points with contrast differences, a reference module for recording the influencing factors of the location of each measurement point, an intervention module for inputting correction commands for measurement points with contrast differences, a judgment module for analyzing and judging whether the correction commands are feasible, and an alarm module for alerting measurement points with contrast differences exceeding a set threshold range. The highlighting module marks each measurement point with a contrast difference on the monitored tunnel so that people can quickly obtain the status of the measurement points with anomalies from the front end. The alarm module alerts people to measurement points with contrast differences. People can input correction commands for measurement points with contrast differences through the intervention module in the background. Before implementation, the judgment module judges whether the correction command can be applied to the measurement points with contrast differences in order to reduce or change the strain of the measurement point.

[0042] Furthermore, the analysis method of the judgment module includes the following:

[0043] A1: Based on the influencing factors of the location of the measurement point where there is a comparative difference, the system automatically simulates the strain of the measurement point within a set time period to obtain the simulated strain value.

[0044] A2: The correction command is applied to the measurement point where there is a comparison difference. Combined with the influencing factors of the location of the measurement point, the strain of the measurement point is automatically simulated within a set time to obtain the corrected strain value.

[0045] A3: Compare the corrected strain value with the simulated strain value. If the corrected strain value is greater than the simulated strain value, it is determined that the condition does not meet the requirements. Conversely, if the corrected strain value is less than the simulated strain value, it is determined that the condition meets the requirements.

[0046] Preferably, the marking method can be annotation, color highlighting, etc., to make it eye-catching.

[0047] Furthermore, the alarm module includes a field alarm for controlling the lights at the corresponding measurement points to illuminate and a background alarm for alerting back-end operators.

[0048] The storage unit includes a storage module for recording monitoring data of all measurement points on a single tunnel and a reference query module for quickly finding matching measurement points based on strain characteristics.

[0049] Preferably, the monitoring data at the measurement points includes the surrounding rock strain condition and correction instructions for measurement points with comparative differences. All monitoring data from measurement points on a single tunnel are stored in a storage module. This allows for the retrieval of strain characteristics via a reference query module when new surrounding rock strain conditions are encountered later, thus obtaining the closest monitoring case from the measurement points. This serves as the basis for new tunnel surrounding rock strain construction, shortening the response time to surrounding rock strain and reducing safety hazards in newly constructed tunnels.

[0050] In this embodiment, the location monitoring unit performs multi-point monitoring of the subsidence of the arch crown, the clearance convergence of the arch waist, and the internal displacement of the surrounding rock at each measurement point on the monitored tunnel. The monitoring information of each measurement point in the monitored tunnel is transmitted to the data analysis unit for analysis and processing. The difference comparison module compares the current monitoring value of the measurement point with its initial monitoring value to obtain the comparison difference. The highlighting module marks each measurement point on the monitored tunnel with a comparison difference so that users can quickly see the status of the measurement points with anomalies from the front end. The alarm module alerts users to measurement points with comparison differences that are higher than a set threshold range. Users can input correction commands for measurement points with comparison differences through the back-end intervention module. Before implementation, the judgment module determines whether the correction command can be applied to the measurement point with a comparison difference in order to reduce or change the strain of the measurement point.

[0051] All monitoring data from measurement points on a single tunnel are stored in a storage module. This allows for the retrieval of strain characteristics through a reference query module when new surrounding rock strain conditions are encountered later, thus obtaining the closest monitoring case from measurement points. This serves as the basis for new tunnel surrounding rock strain construction, shortening the response time to surrounding rock strain.

[0052] Example 2:

[0053] A real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system for tunnel surrounding rock deformation, such as Figure 1 As shown, to facilitate a more intuitive understanding of the evolution of typical surrounding rock strain, this embodiment makes the following improvements based on Embodiment 1: The storage unit further includes an integration module for integrating monitoring data from each measurement point within the monitoring period, a picture construction module for simulating and generating dynamic images representing each measurement point based on the integrated data, and a stitching module for stitching together the dynamic images of each measurement point in the monitored tunnel. The integration module integrates the monitoring data from each measurement point within the monitoring period, the picture construction module generates corresponding dynamic images based on the monitoring data information of each measurement point, and the stitching module stitches together the dynamic images of each measurement point in the monitored tunnel, thereby obtaining the dynamic monitoring evolution images of each measurement point in the monitored tunnel. This allows for a more intuitive understanding of the strain of different monitored tunnels and demonstrations of the measures taken, and can be used as a reference for later learning by those in the field.

[0054] Preferably, this system can be applied to the monitoring of a single tunnel or a tunnel in a triangular shape. It can not only obtain monitoring data of a single tunnel, but also summarize and combine the monitoring data of a triangular shape.

[0055] In this embodiment, the location monitoring unit performs multi-point monitoring of the subsidence of the arch crown, the clearance convergence of the arch waist, and the internal displacement of the surrounding rock at each measurement point on the monitored tunnel. The monitoring information of each measurement point in the monitored tunnel is transmitted to the data analysis unit for analysis and processing. The difference comparison module compares the current monitoring value of the measurement point with its initial monitoring value to obtain the comparison difference. The highlighting module marks each measurement point on the monitored tunnel with a comparison difference so that users can quickly see the status of the measurement points with anomalies from the front end. The alarm module alerts users to measurement points with comparison differences that are higher than a set threshold range. Users can input correction commands for measurement points with comparison differences through the back-end intervention module. Before implementation, the judgment module determines whether the correction command can be applied to the measurement point with a comparison difference in order to reduce or change the strain of the measurement point.

[0056] All monitoring data from measurement points on a single tunnel are stored in a storage module. This allows for the retrieval of strain characteristics via a reference query module when new surrounding rock strain conditions are encountered, leading to the identification of the closest monitoring case and serving as a basis for new tunnel surrounding rock strain-related construction, thus shortening the response time to surrounding rock strain. Furthermore, an integration module consolidates the monitoring data from each measurement point within the monitoring period. A visual construction module generates corresponding dynamic visuals based on the monitoring data from each measurement point, and a stitching module combines these dynamic visuals from all measurement points in the monitored tunnel to obtain a dynamic monitoring evolution display of each measurement point. This allows for a direct understanding of the strain in different monitored tunnels and demonstrations of corresponding measures, serving as a valuable reference for future researchers in this field.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system for tunnel surrounding rock deformation, comprising a central processing unit, a location monitoring unit for monitoring the strain state of the surrounding rock at each measurement point, a data analysis unit for processing monitoring information, and a storage unit for organizing the monitoring information, characterized in that, The location monitoring unit is communicatively connected to the data analysis unit; the data analysis unit, location monitoring unit, and storage unit are communicatively connected to the central processing unit. The location monitoring unit consists of two or more monitoring modules located at each measurement point on the monitoring tunnel, with a monitoring interval of 3-10m between each measurement point; The data analysis unit consists of a preprocessing block that analyzes the information transmitted by the location monitoring unit and a postprocessing block that performs corresponding processing based on the analysis results. The preprocessing block includes an original value recording module for recording the initial monitoring value of each measurement point, a receiving module for receiving the current monitoring value of each measurement point, and a difference comparison module for comparing the current monitoring value with the initial monitoring value. The post-processing block includes a highlighting module for marking measurement points with contrast differences, a reference module for recording the influencing factors of the location of each measurement point, an intervention module for inputting correction commands for measurement points with contrast differences, a judgment module for analyzing and determining whether the correction commands are feasible, and an alarm module for alerting measurement points with contrast differences exceeding a set threshold range. The analysis method of the judgment module includes the following: A1: Based on the influencing factors of the location of the measurement point where there is a comparative difference, the system automatically simulates the strain of the measurement point within a set time period to obtain the simulated strain value. A2: The correction command is applied to the measurement point where there is a comparison difference. Combined with the influencing factors of the location of the measurement point, the strain of the measurement point is automatically simulated within a set time to obtain the corrected strain value. A3: Compare the corrected strain value with the simulated strain value. If the corrected strain value is greater than the simulated strain value, it is determined that the condition does not meet the requirements. Conversely, if the corrected strain value is less than the simulated strain value, it is determined that the condition meets the requirements.

2. The real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system for tunnel surrounding rock deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring module group includes a monitoring device for real-time monitoring of monitoring points at each measurement point and a marking module for recording the location of the measurement points; The monitoring points are located at the top of the arch, the waist of the arch, and the foot of the arch at the equilateral position of the measurement point, with two or more monitoring points at the waist.

3. The real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system for tunnel surrounding rock deformation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The monitoring equipment includes surface strain gauges, surrounding rock convergence gauges, levels, total stations, displacement sensors, pressure gauges, anchor bolt force gauges, rebar gauges, temperature sensors, and piezometers. The marking module includes a light fixture and a locator for marking the location of each measurement point on the monitored tunnel.

4. The real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system for tunnel surrounding rock deformation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The alarm module includes a field alarm for controlling the lights at the corresponding measurement points to turn on and a background alarm for alerting back-end operators.

5. The real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system for tunnel surrounding rock deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The storage unit includes a storage module for recording monitoring data of all measurement points on a single tunnel, a reference query module for quickly finding matching measurement points based on strain characteristics, an integration module for integrating monitoring data of each measurement point within the monitoring period, a picture construction module for simulating and generating dynamic images representing each measurement point based on the integrated data, and a stitching module for stitching together the dynamic images of each measurement point in the monitored tunnel.

6. The real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system for tunnel surrounding rock deformation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The monitoring data from the measurement points includes the surrounding rock strain and correction instructions for measurement points with comparative differences.

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