Antenna and electronic device

Abstract

The application provides an antenna and an electronic device, comprising a coupling element, a first receiving element, the first receiving element and the coupling element being sequentially arranged along a first direction, a grounding branch, one end of the grounding branch being connected with the coupling element and / or the first receiving element, the other end of the grounding branch being grounded, and part of the structures in the coupling element, the first receiving element and the grounding branch forming a coupling structure; the minimum distance between the grounding branch and the coupling region being less than or equal to a distance threshold, so that the impedance of the signal passing through the coupling structure, the impedance of the coupling element and the impedance of the first receiving element are matched, thereby widening the range of the bandwidth of the signal passing through the coupling element and / or the first receiving element, and improving the application range of the coupling structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antennas, and in particular to an antenna and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the communications industry, multi-band, multi-standard base station antennas are increasingly becoming the mainstream antennas used in the communications industry. In base station antenna feed networks, signal layer coupling connections are often required to achieve phase shifting and connection functions. However, when the signal passes through the coupling structure, an equivalent series capacitance is introduced into the circuit, resulting in a narrower operating bandwidth and deteriorated standing wave ratio. Improving the bandwidth characteristics of the transmitted signal in the coupling structure is of great significance for base station antenna feed networks. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to solve the problem in the prior art that coupling connections in antenna structures lead to narrowing of signal operating bandwidth and deterioration of standing wave ratio. This application provides a coupling structure, which includes a coupling element, a first receiving element, and a grounding branch. The grounding branch is used to adjust the impedance of the signal passing through the coupling element and the first receiving element, so that the adjusted signal impedance matches the impedance of the coupling element and / or the first receiving element, thereby widening the bandwidth range of the signal passing through the coupling element and / or the first receiving element and improving the applicability of the coupling structure.

[0004] A first aspect of this application provides an antenna, comprising: a coupling element; a first receiving element, wherein the first receiving element and the coupling element are sequentially arranged along a first direction; a grounding branch, one end of which is connected to the coupling element and / or the first receiving element, and the other end of which is grounded, wherein a portion of the structure of the coupling element, the first receiving element, and the grounding branch forms a coupling structure; wherein the minimum distance between the grounding branch and the coupling region is less than or equal to a distance threshold, such that the impedance of the signal passing through the coupling structure, the impedance of the coupling element, and the impedance of the first receiving element are matched, wherein the coupling region is the orthographic projection of the coupling element onto a first surface of the first receiving element, and the first surface is a surface on the first receiving element that is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0005] In one possible implementation of the first aspect above, the minimum distance between the grounding stub and the coupling region being less than or equal to a distance threshold includes: the minimum distance between the grounding stub and the coupling region being the minimum distance in a second direction between the orthographic projection of the coupling region and the grounding stub onto the plane of the first surface, wherein the second direction is parallel to the signal flow direction in the first receiving element within the coupling region; the distance threshold is 0.25 times the wavelength, wherein the wavelength corresponds to the highest operating frequency of the signal passing through the coupling structure.

[0006] In one possible implementation of the first aspect described above, the grounding branch is strip-shaped, with one end connected to the coupling element and / or the first receiving element, and the other end extending to and connected to the ground.

[0007] In one possible implementation of the first aspect described above, the grounding branch includes: a connecting portion, which is electrically connected to a coupling element and / or a first receiving element; and a grounding portion, which is connected to the connecting portion and electrically coupled to the ground plane. In one possible implementation of the first aspect described above,

[0008] In one possible implementation of the first aspect described above, the coupling element includes a first coupling piece, a second coupling piece, and a connecting piece, wherein the first coupling piece, the first receiving element, and the second coupling piece are arranged sequentially along a first direction, and the first coupling piece and the second coupling piece are located on the same side of the connecting piece and are respectively connected to the connecting piece.

[0009] In one possible implementation of the first aspect described above, the grounding stub is flat, and the antenna also includes a grounding component that is electrically connected to the grounding stub and connected to the ground.

[0010] In one possible implementation of the first aspect described above, the antenna further includes a coaxial cable and a nut; the coupling element has a signal hole; the coaxial cable passes through the signal hole and is connected to the coupling element by the nut to achieve an electrical connection between the coaxial cable and the coupling element.

[0011] In one possible implementation of the first aspect described above, the antenna further includes an insulating layer disposed between the coupling element and the first receiving element in the coupling structure.

[0012] In one possible implementation of the first aspect described above, the antenna further includes: a second receiving element, wherein a portion of the second receiving element, the coupling element, and the grounding stub forms a second coupling structure.

[0013] In one possible implementation of the first aspect described above, the antenna includes a phase shifter, a combiner, a filter, and a radiating element; at least one of the phase shifter, combiner, filter, and radiating element includes a coupling structure.

[0014] A second aspect of this application provides an electronic device that includes the antenna described in the first aspect above.

[0015] In one possible implementation of the second aspect described above, the electronic device is a base station. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the base station antenna feeder system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0017] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 3a This is a top view of a phase shifter for an antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 3b This is a top view of some components of the phase shifter in the antenna of an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 3c This is a side view of the phase shifter in the antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 3d for Figure 3a Enlarged view of region A in the image;

[0022] Figure 4a This is a perspective view of the coupling structure in another antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 4b This is a front view of the coupling structure in another antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 4c This is a top view of the coupling structure in another antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 4d for Figure 4c Enlarged view of region B in the image;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the coupling structure in another antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 6a This is a perspective view of the coupling structure in another antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 6b This is a front view of the coupling structure in another antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 6c This is a top view of the coupling structure in another antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 7a This is a perspective view of the coupling structure in another antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 7b This is a side view of the coupling structure in another antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 7c This is a top view of the coupling structure in another antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 7d for Figure 7c A magnified view of region C in the image.

[0034] Figure 8a This is an exploded view of the coupling structure in another antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 8b This is a perspective view of the coupling structure in another antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 8c This is a perspective view of a portion of the structural components of the coupling structure in another antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 8d This is a top view of the coupling structure in another antenna according to an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0039] 1: Base station antenna feeder system;

[0040] 10: Antenna; 20: Mount; 30: Antenna adjustment bracket; 40: Connector seal; 50: Grounding device; 60: Feeder cable;

[0041] 11: Phase shifter; 12: At least one radiating element; 13: Drive network; 14: Calibration network; 15: Antenna connector; 16: Reflector; 17: Combiner and / or filter; 18: Radome; 25: Feed network;

[0042] 100: Coupling element; 200: First receiving element; 300: Grounding branch; 400: Feeding unit; 500: Rotating shaft; 600: Second receiving element;

[0043] 230: Substrate; 240: Two layers of slow-wave microstrip lines;

[0044] 35: Coupling structure; 45: Coupling region; 70: Insulating layer;

[0045] 110: First coupling segment; 120: First transmission segment; 130: Second coupling segment; 140: Second transmission segment; 150: Input segment;

[0046] D1: The shortest distance between grounding branch 300 and coupling region 45;

[0047] 35A: Coupled structure; 45A: Coupled region; 80A: Formation;

[0048] 200A: First receiving element; 100A: Coupling element; 300A: Grounding branch;

[0049] 210A: Third coupling section; 220A: Third transmission section;

[0050] 110A: First coupling segment; 120A: First transmission segment;

[0051] L2: The length of the coupling region 45A in the x-axis direction;

[0052] W2: The length of the coupling region 45A in the y-axis direction;

[0053] D2: The shortest distance between the grounding branch 300A and the coupling region 45A;

[0054] 35B: Coupled structure;

[0055] 200B: First receiving element; 100B: Coupling element; 300B: Grounding branch;

[0056] 210B: Third coupling segment; 220B: Third transmission segment;

[0057] 110B: First coupling segment; 120B: First transmission segment;

[0058] 35°C: Coupled structure; 45°C: Coupled region; 80°C: Formation;

[0059] 200C: First receiving element; 100C: Coupling element; 300C: Grounding branch;

[0060] 210C: Third coupling segment; 220C: Third transmission segment;

[0061] 110C: First coupling segment; 120C: First transmission segment;

[0062] 310C: Connection part; 320C: Grounding part;

[0063] 35D: Coupled structure; 45D: Coupled region; 80D: Formation;

[0064] 200D: First receiving element; 100D: Coupling element; 300D: Grounding branch;

[0065] 210D: Third coupling segment; 220D: Third transmission segment;

[0066] 110D: First coupling segment; 120D: First transmission segment;

[0067] 111D: Upper coupling plate; 112D: Connecting plate; 113D: Lower coupling plate;

[0068] L3: The length of the coupling region 45D in the x-axis direction;

[0069] W3: The length of the coupling region 45D in the y-axis direction;

[0070] W31: The length of the first transmission segment 120D in the y-axis direction;

[0071] W31: The length of the third transmission segment 220D in the y-axis direction;

[0072] D3: The shortest distance between grounding stub 300D and coupling region 45D;

[0073] 35E: Coupling structure; 45E: Coupling region; 70E: Insulating layer; 80E: Ground plane; 90E: Grounding assembly;

[0074] 200E: First receiving element; 100E: Coupling element; 300E: Grounding branch; 700E: Coaxial cable; 800E: Nut; 900E: Screw; 910E: Nut;

[0075] 81E: Limiting hole; 82E: Limiting hole; 83E: Limiting hole;

[0076] 920E: Grounding block; 921E: Grounding post; 923E: Fixing hole; 922E: Limiting hole;

[0077] 301E: Grounding hole;

[0078] 101E: Signal port; Detailed Implementation

[0079] To address the aforementioned problem of narrowed signal bandwidth and degraded standing wave ratio caused by coupling connections in antenna structures, this application provides a coupling structure comprising a coupling element, a first receiving element, and a grounding branch. The grounding branch is used to adjust the impedance of the signal passing through the coupling element and the first receiving element, thereby matching the adjusted signal impedance with the impedance of the coupling element and / or the first receiving element. This, in turn, broadens the bandwidth range of the signal passing through the coupling element and / or the first receiving element, improving the applicability of the coupling structure.

[0080] Furthermore, in the coupling structure of this application, the coupling element and the first receiving element are stacked and arranged opposite each other to achieve a coupled electrical connection. The coupling element and / or the first receiving element are electrically connected to a grounding branch, and the grounding branch is electrically connected to the ground plane of the antenna. The first receiving element and the coupling element are arranged sequentially along a first direction, which is the thickness direction of the first receiving element. The coupling region is the orthographic projection of the coupling element onto the first surface of the first receiving element, and the first surface is a surface on the first receiving element that is perpendicular to the first direction. The shortest distance between the grounding branch and the coupling region is not greater than a distance threshold. This distance threshold can be 0.25 times the wavelength (i.e., 0.25λ), where the wavelength corresponds to the highest operating frequency of the signal passing through the coupling structure.

[0081] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a diagram of a base station antenna feeder system according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application provides a base station antenna feeder system 1, which includes an antenna 10, a mast 20, an antenna adjustment bracket 30, a connector seal 40, a grounding device 50, and a feeder 60.

[0082] like Figure 1 As shown, the antenna adjustment bracket 30 is used to adjust the direction of the antenna 10. The support rod 20 is used to fix the direction of the antenna 10. The connector seal 40 is disposed at the interface of the antenna 10. The feeder 60 is used to transmit the signal from the base station equipment to the circuit of the antenna 10. The connector seal 40 can be used to seal the interface of the antenna 10.

[0083] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the composition of the antenna 10 according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 As shown, this application provides an antenna 10, which includes a phase shifter 11, at least one radiating element 12, a transmission network 13, a calibration network 14, an antenna connector 15, a reflector 16, a combiner and / or filter 17, and an antenna radome 18.

[0084] Phase shifter 11: Used for electrically adjusting the radiation pattern of antenna 10. By changing the phase of the signal, the radiation pattern of antenna 10 is electrically adjusted, achieving the purpose of remote control and adjustment of the network coverage area under different conditions.

[0085] At least one radiating element 12: also known as an antenna element or vibrator. A unit that constitutes the basic structure of an antenna array, used to radiate or receive radio waves.

[0086] Antenna connector 15: used to receive signals input from feed line 60 and transmit the input signals to combiner and / or filter 17, and then output the required power and phase to different radiating elements 12 of the array antenna via phase shifter 11.

[0087] Reflector 16: Also known as the base plate, antenna panel, or metal reflector. It is used to improve the receiving sensitivity of the antenna signal by reflecting and focusing the antenna signal onto the receiving point. The reflector 16 not only greatly enhances the receiving / transmitting capability of the antenna 10, but also blocks and shields the received signal from other radio waves coming from the rear (opposite direction).

[0088] Combiner and / or filter 17: Used to extend the performance of the feeder network 25.

[0089] Radome 18: Radome 18 is a structural component used to protect antenna 10 from the influence of the external environment. Radome 18 not only has good electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics in terms of electrical performance, but also can withstand harsh external environments in terms of mechanical performance.

[0090] The phase shifter 11, together with the combiner and / or filter 17, forms a power supply network 25.

[0091] Feed network 25: Used to feed signals to at least one radiating unit 12 with a certain amplitude and phase, or to transmit received wireless signals to the signal processing unit of the base station equipment with a certain amplitude and phase. Feed network 25 is typically composed of controlled impedance transmission lines.

[0092] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, at least one radiating element 12 is mounted on the reflector 16. The operating frequencies of each radiating element 12 in the antenna 10 can be the same or different. Each radiating element 12 and the reflector 16 form an independent array, and each independent array receives or transmits radio frequency signals through a feed network 25. The feed network 25 can achieve different radiation beam directions through a transmission network 13, and the feed network 25 can be electrically connected to a calibration network 14 to obtain the calibration signals required by the antenna 10. It should be noted that the relative position of at least one radiating element 12 to the reflector 16 is not specifically limited. At least one radiating element 12 can be mounted above the reflector 16, or at least one radiating element 12 can be mounted below the reflector 16. In this embodiment, at least one radiating element 12 can be mounted above the reflector 16.

[0093] Please see Figures 3a to 3b , Figure 3a This is a top view of a phase shifter 11 of the antenna 10 according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 3b This is a top view of some components of the phase shifter 11 according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 3c This is a side view of the phase shifter 11 in the antenna 10 according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 3d for Figure 3a A magnified view of region A in the image.

[0094] Depend on Figures 3a to 3d It is known that the phase shifter 11 includes a coupling element 100, a first receiving element 200, a grounding branch 300, a power supply unit 400, and a rotating shaft 500. Among them, the coupling element 100 includes a first coupling section 110, a first transmission section 120, a second coupling section 130, a second transmission section 140, and an input section 150 connected in sequence.

[0095] The first receiving element 200 includes a substrate 230 and two layers of slow-wave microstrip lines 240. The two layers of slow-wave microstrip lines 240 have identical structures and are distributed symmetrically on the front and back sides of the substrate 230. The side where the coupling element 100 is disposed is the front side. The two layers of slow-wave microstrip lines 240 are electrically connected through multiple metal vias. The coupling element 100 moves relative to the two layers of slow-wave microstrip lines 240 of the first receiving element 200 to change the phase of the signal flowing through the phase shifter 11. The coupling element 100 can move relative to the first receiving element 200 by either linear movement or rotation.

[0096] For example, the coupling element 100 is rotatably connected to the substrate 230 via the rotating shaft 500, and the first receiving element 200 is in the shape of a strip arc with the rotating shaft 500 as the center. When the coupling element 100 rotates around the rotating shaft 500, the coupling element 100 switches the overlapping area with the first receiving element 200 and couples with the switched area.

[0097] The first coupling section 110 has a flat plate structure and is located on one side of the first receiving element 200. The first receiving element 200 and the feeding unit 400 are located on the same substrate 230, which is fixed in the cavity of the phase shifter 11. Specifically, the phase shifter 11 also includes a hollow shell (not shown in the figure), which includes a top wall and a bottom wall disposed opposite to each other. The feeding unit 400, the coupling element 100, and the first receiving element 200 are disposed between the top wall and the bottom wall. The substrate 230 is fixed to the shell, which is usually made of metal. The top wall and the bottom wall are connected to the ground. One end of the grounding branch 300 is electrically connected to the first transmission section 120 of the coupling element 100, and the other end of the grounding branch 300 can be pressed against the top wall. In the embodiments of this application, the grounding branch 300 and the top wall layer can also be stacked and disposed opposite to each other to achieve a coupling electrical connection.

[0098] For example, such as Figure 3a As shown, the phase shifter 11 includes an input terminal Sin disposed on the feed unit 400, a first output terminal Sout1 and a second output terminal Sout2 disposed at both ends of the first receiving element 200. Specifically, when the signal passes through the phase shifter 11, the signal can be input from the input terminal Sin on the feed unit 400 and transmitted to the coupling element 100. The coupling element 100 and the first receiving element 200 are electrically connected to transmit the signal to the first receiving element 200. The signal can be output from the first output terminal Sout1 and the second output terminal Sout2 at both ends of the first receiving element 200 to different radiating elements 12 of the array antenna.

[0099] The coupling element 100, the first receiving element 200, and the grounding stub 300 form a coupling structure 35. In the coupling structure 35, the first receiving element 200 and the coupling element 100 are arranged sequentially along a first direction. The grounding stub 300 is used to adjust the impedance of the signal passing through the coupling element 100 and the first receiving element 200, thereby matching the adjusted signal impedance with the impedance of the coupling element 100 and / or the first receiving element 200, thus widening the bandwidth of the signal passing through the coupling element 100 and / or the first receiving element 200 and improving the applicability of the coupling structure.

[0100] Furthermore, such as Figure 3a as well as Figure 3d As shown, one end of the grounding branch 300 is electrically connected to the first transmission section 120, and the other end is electrically connected to the top wall. The first coupling section 110 and the first receiving element 200 are stacked opposite each other to achieve a coupling electrical connection between them. Figure 3a as well as Figure 3d As shown, the coupling region 45 ( Figure 3d The gray area in the figure represents the orthographic projection of the first coupling segment 110 onto the first surface of the first receiving element 200. The first surface is a surface on the receiving element 200 that is perpendicular to the first direction. The minimum distance between the grounding stub 300 and the coupling area 45 is less than or equal to a distance threshold. The thickness direction is... Figure 3a The -Z axis direction. The first surface of the first receiving element 200 is the surface of the first receiving element 200 opposite to the first coupling section 110. The first coupling section 110 and the grounding branch 300 can be connected by electroplating welding or screws, etc.

[0101] For example, such as Figure 3d As shown, the shortest distance between the grounding stub 300 and the coupling region 45 is D1, where D1 is not greater than a distance threshold. The minimum distance between the grounding stub 300 and the coupling region 45 is the minimum distance in the second direction, which is the orthographic projection of the coupling region 45 and the grounding stub 300 onto the plane of the first surface, and is parallel to the signal flow direction in the first receiving element 200 within the coupling region 45. The distance threshold is 0.25 times the wavelength, where the wavelength corresponds to the highest operating frequency of the signal passing through the coupling structure 35. For example, if the highest operating frequency of the signal passing through the coupling structure 35 is 2.7 GHz, then the wavelength related to the distance threshold is the wavelength corresponding to 2.7 GHz.

[0102] Understandably, by providing a grounding stub 300, the coupling structure 35 connects not only to the ground plane of the antenna 10 but also to the coupling element 100. This allows the coupling element 100 to be connected to ground via the grounding stub 300. When a signal passes through the coupling element 100, the grounding stub 300 can adjust the impedance of the signal passing through the coupling element 100 and the first receiving element 200. This allows the adjusted signal impedance to match the impedance of the coupling element 100 and / or the first receiving element 200, thereby widening the bandwidth of the signal passing through the coupling element 100 and / or the first receiving element 200 and improving the applicability of the coupling structure. For example, without the grounding stub 300, the coupling element 100 and the first receiving element 200 are allowed to pass signals with frequencies ranging from 1.7 GHz to 2.2 GHz. By providing the grounding stub 300, the coupling structure 35 allows the coupling element 100 and the first receiving element 200 to pass signals with frequencies ranging from 1.4 GHz to 2.7 GHz. Furthermore, by incorporating a grounding branch 300, the coupling structure 35 can also provide differential-mode lightning protection when high-voltage surges occur on the coupling element 100 and the first receiving element 200. Moreover, compared to the method of welding the coupling element 100 and the first receiving element 200 for contact electrical connection to achieve signal transmission, this coupling electrical connection eliminates the need for electroplating between the coupling element 100 and the first receiving element 200, thus reducing costs.

[0103] Please see Figure 3b An insulating layer 70 may be provided between the power supply unit 400 and the input section 150, and between the first coupling section 110 and the first receiving element 200. The insulating layer 70 may be a plastic sheet or an insulating coating applied to the power supply unit 400 and / or the input section 150, the first coupling section 110 and / or the first receiving element 200.

[0104] Please see Figure 3a The phase shifter 11 also includes a second receiving element 600, which is also in the shape of a strip arc. The second receiving element 600 is located between the rotating shaft 500 and the first receiving element 200. The coupling element 100 is electrically connected to the second receiving element 600. During the rotation of the coupling element 100 around the rotating shaft 500, it moves relative to the second receiving element 600 to change the phase of the signal flowing through the phase shifter 11. In this embodiment, the second receiving element 600 and the first phase shifting segment PS1 are concentric strip arcs with a common center of rotation (i.e., the rotating shaft 500). The radius of the second receiving element 600 is smaller than the radius of the first receiving element 200.

[0105] In this embodiment, the coupling structure in the phase shifter 11 is not limited to coupling structure 35, but can be other coupling structures. For example, the coupling element 100 and the second receiving element 600 are stacked and arranged opposite each other to achieve a coupled electrical connection. The coupling element 100, the second receiving element 600, and the grounding branch 300 also form a coupling structure, namely the second coupling structure. For a detailed description of the second coupling structure, please refer to coupling structure 35, which will not be repeated here.

[0106] In this embodiment, the coupling element 100, the first receiving element 200, and the grounding branch 300 in the coupling structure 35 can be made of conductive materials (e.g., metal, conductive plastic, conductive ceramic, etc.). The coupling element 100 or the grounding branch 300 is not limited to a flat plate structure; it can be a metal sheet structure, a metal microstrip line structure, or a metal wire structure. The first receiving element 200 is not limited to... Figure 3a The circuit architecture is constructed using two layers of slow-wave microstrip lines 240 disposed on the substrate 230. The first receiving element 200 can also be a planar structure, a metal sheet structure, a metal microstrip line structure, or a metal wire structure. Depending on the specific product design requirements, this application does not impose specific limitations on the specific structures of the coupling element 100, the grounding stub 300, and the first receiving element 200 in the coupling structure 35.

[0107] exist Figure 3a , Figure 3b , Figure 3c ,and Figure 3d In the coupling structure 35, the first receiving element 200 is coupled to the coupling element 100 via two layers of slow-wave microstrip lines 240 disposed on the substrate 230 as a circuit architecture. The coupling element 100 is electrically connected to the ground plane of the antenna 10 via a grounding stub 300. The coupling structure 35 in the antenna 10 of this application is not limited to the coupling structure in the phase shifter 11. For example, the combiner and / or filter 17 may have a coupling structure, and the radiating element 12 may also have a coupling structure. It is understood that different circuit architectures can be designed according to specific product design requirements. This application does not specifically limit which device in the antenna 10 the coupling structure is located in.

[0108] The circuit structure of other coupling structures in antenna 10 is described below.

[0109] Please see Figures 4a to 4d , Figure 4a This is a perspective view of another coupling structure 35A according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 4b This is a side view of the coupling structure 35A in the antenna 10 according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 4c This is a top view of the coupling structure 35A in the antenna 10 according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 4d for Figure 4c A magnified view of region B in the image.

[0110] In another embodiment, this application shows another coupling structure 35A. Compared with the first receiving element 200 in coupling structure 35, which is a structure consisting of two layers of slow-wave microstrip lines 240 disposed on substrate 230, the first receiving element 200A in coupling structure 35A is a planar structure.

[0111] Specifically, such as Figure 4a As shown, the coupling structure 35A includes a first receiving element 200A, a coupling element 100A, and a grounding branch 300A, all in a strip shape. The first receiving element 200A and the coupling element 100A are arranged sequentially along a first direction. The grounding branch 300A is electrically coupled to the coupling element 100A and the first receiving element 200A. One end of the grounding branch 300A is electrically connected to the coupling element 100A, and the other end extends to the ground layer and connects to the ground layer 80A. In the coupling structure 35A, the grounding branch 300A is used to adjust the impedance of the signal passing through the coupling element 100A and the first receiving element 200A, thereby matching the adjusted signal impedance with the impedance of the coupling element 100A and / or the first receiving element 200A. This broadens the bandwidth of the signal passing through the coupling element 100A and / or the first receiving element 200A, improving the applicability of the coupling structure 35A.

[0112] Depend on Figures 4a to 4d It can be seen that the first receiving element 200A includes a third coupling section 210A and a third transmission section 220A; the coupling element 100A includes a first transmission section 120A and a first coupling section 110A; the third coupling section 210A and the first coupling section 110A are stacked and arranged opposite to each other to achieve coupling connection. Coupling region 45A ( Figure 4d The gray area in the figure represents the orthographic projection of the first coupling segment 110A onto the first surface of the third coupling segment 210A. The first surface is the surface on the third coupling segment 210A that is perpendicular to the first direction. The minimum distance between the grounding stub 300A and the coupling region 45A is less than or equal to the distance threshold. The thickness direction is... Figure 4a In the -z axis direction, the first surface of the third coupling segment 210A is the surface of the third coupling segment 210A opposite to the coupling element 100A.

[0113] For example, such as Figures 4c to 4dAs shown, the length of coupling region 45A in the x-axis direction is L2, and the length of coupling region 45A in the y-axis direction is W2. The shortest distance between grounding stub 300A and coupling region 45A is D2, and D2 is not greater than a distance threshold. The minimum distance between grounding stub 300A and coupling region 45A is the minimum distance in the second direction, which is the orthographic projection of coupling region 45A and grounding stub 300A onto the plane of the first surface, and is parallel to the signal flow direction in the first receiving element 200A within coupling region 45A. The distance threshold is 0.25 times the wavelength, where the wavelength corresponds to the highest operating frequency of the signal passing through coupling structure 35A. For example, if the highest operating frequency of the signal passing through coupling structure 35A is 2.7 GHz, then the wavelength related to the distance threshold is the wavelength corresponding to 2.7 GHz.

[0114] For example, such as Figure 4a As shown, the first transmission segment 120A of the coupling structure 35A can be used for input signals. The first coupling segment 110A can couple and transmit the signal to the third coupling segment 210A. After passing through the third transmission segment 220A, the third transmission segment 220A can transmit the signal to different radiating elements 12 of the array antenna. When the signal passes through the coupling element 100A, the grounding stub 300A can adjust the impedance of the signal passing through the coupling element 100A and the first receiving element 200A, thereby matching the adjusted signal impedance with the impedance of the coupling element 100A and / or the first receiving element 200A. This widens the bandwidth of the signal passing through the coupling element 100A and / or the first receiving element 200A, improving the applicability of the coupling structure 35A. For example, when the coupling structure 35A does not have the grounding stub 300A, the signal frequency allowed to pass through the coupling element 100 and the first receiving element 200 is 1.7GHz to 2.2GHz. The coupling structure 35A, by incorporating a grounding branch 300A, allows the coupling element 100A and the first receiving element 200A to pass through a signal frequency range of 1.4 GHz to 2.7 GHz. Furthermore, the grounding branch 300A in the coupling structure 35A also enables differential-mode lightning protection in the event of high-voltage surges on the coupling element 100A and the first receiving element 200A. Moreover, compared to the contact electrical connection between the coupling element 100A and the first receiving element 200A via welding for signal transmission, this direct electrical connection eliminates the need for electroplating between the first coupling section 110A and the third coupling section 210A, reducing costs.

[0115] In this embodiment, the grounding branch in the coupling structure can also be electrically connected to the receiving element, for example... Figure 5 This is a perspective view of another coupling structure 35B according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 5As shown, the structure of coupling structure 35B in this embodiment is basically the same as that of coupling structure 35A provided in the embodiment. The difference is that the first coupling segment 110B of coupling element 100B is electrically coupled to the third coupling segment 210B of the first receiving element 200B, one end of grounding branch 300B is electrically connected to the third transmission segment 220B of the first receiving element 200B, and the other end of grounding branch 300B is electrically connected to the ground contact of antenna 10. Furthermore, the coupling region is the orthographic projection of the first coupling segment 110B onto the first surface of the third coupling segment 210B. The first surface is the surface on the third coupling segment 210B that is perpendicular to the first direction. The minimum distance between the grounding branch 300B and the coupling region is less than or equal to a distance threshold. The thickness direction is... Figure 5 In the -z axis direction, the first surface of the third coupling segment 210B is the surface that is stacked opposite to the first coupling segment 110B.

[0116] For example, the minimum distance between the grounding stub 300B and the coupling region is the minimum distance in the second direction between the orthographic projection of the coupling region and the grounding stub 300B onto the plane of the first surface, wherein the second direction is parallel to the signal flow direction in the first receiving element 200B within the coupling region; the distance threshold is 0.25 times the wavelength, wherein the wavelength corresponds to the highest operating frequency of the signal passing through the coupling structure 35B.

[0117] Understandably, in the coupling structure 35B, the grounding stub 300B is used to adjust the impedance of the signal passing through the coupling element 100B and the first receiving element 200B, so that the adjusted signal impedance matches the impedance of the coupling element 100B and / or the first receiving element 200B, thereby widening the bandwidth range of the signal passing through the coupling element 100B and / or the first receiving element 300B and improving the applicability of the coupling structure 35B.

[0118] Please see Figures 6a to 6c , Figure 6a This is a perspective view of the coupling structure 35C in the antenna 10 of this application embodiment. Figure 6b This is a side view of the coupling structure 35C in the antenna 10 according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 6c This is a top view of the coupling structure 35C in the antenna 10 of this application embodiment.

[0119] like Figures 6a to 6cAs shown, the structure of the coupling structure 35C in this embodiment is basically the same as that provided in the embodiment, except that the grounding branch 300C includes a connecting part 310C and a grounding part 320C. The third coupling segment 210C and the first coupling segment 110C are stacked and arranged opposite each other to form a coupling region 45C. One end of the connecting part 310C is electrically connected to the coupling structure 35C, and the other end is electrically connected to the grounding part 320C. The grounding part 320C and the ground layer 80C are stacked and arranged opposite each other to achieve a coupled electrical connection, which can prevent interference caused by passive intermodulation (PIM) in the circuit architecture and avoid signal communication blockage.

[0120] Please see Figures 7a to 7d , Figure 7a This is a perspective view of the coupling structure 35D in the antenna 10 of this application embodiment. Figure 7b This is a side view of the coupling structure 35D in the antenna 10 according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 7c This is a top view of the coupling structure 35D in the antenna 10 of this application embodiment. Figure 7d for Figure 7c A magnified view of region C in the image.

[0121] like Figures 7a to 7d As shown, the structure of the coupling structure 35D in this embodiment is basically the same as that of the coupling structure 35A provided in the embodiment. The coupling structure 35D includes a first receiving element 200D, a coupling element 100D, and a grounding branch 300D. The coupling element 100D is electrically coupled to the first receiving element 200D, one end of the grounding branch 300D is electrically connected to the coupling element 100D, and the other end of the grounding branch 300D is electrically connected to the ground layer 80D. The coupling element 100D includes a first transmission section 120D and a first coupling section 110D; the first receiving element 200D includes a third coupling section 210D and a third transmission section 220D; the difference is that the first coupling section 110D has a "C" shaped structure, and the first coupling section 110D includes an upper coupling piece 111D, a lower coupling piece 113D and a connecting piece 112D connecting the upper coupling piece 111D and the lower coupling piece 113D. The upper coupling piece 111D and the lower coupling piece 113D are respectively stacked on both sides of the third coupling section 210D.

[0122] like Figures 7c to 7d As shown, the upper coupling plate 111D and the lower coupling plate 113D are respectively stacked on both sides of the third coupling segment 210D. The projection area of ​​the upper coupling plate 111D and the lower coupling plate 113D on the third coupling segment 210D along the thickness direction of the third coupling segment 210D is the coupling region 45D. Figure 7cThe gray area in the figure represents the orthographic projection of the upper coupling piece 111D and the lower coupling piece 113D onto the first surface of the third coupling segment 210D. The first surface is the surface on the third coupling segment 210D that is perpendicular to the first direction. The minimum distance between the grounding stub 300D and the coupling region 45D is less than or equal to the distance threshold. The thickness direction is... Figure 7a In the -z axis direction, the first surface of the third coupling segment 210D is the surface of the third coupling segment 210D opposite to the upper coupling piece 111D or the lower coupling piece 113D.

[0123] For example, such as Figure 7d As shown, the length of coupling region 45D in the x-axis direction is L3, and the length of coupling region 45D in the y-axis direction is W3. The shortest distance between grounding stub 300D and coupling region 45D is D3, and D3 is not greater than a distance threshold. The minimum distance between grounding stub 300D and coupling region 45D is the minimum distance in the second direction, which is the orthographic projection of coupling region 45D and grounding stub 300D onto the plane of the first surface, and is parallel to the signal flow direction in the first receiving element 200D within coupling region 45D. The distance threshold is 0.25 times the wavelength, where the wavelength corresponds to the highest operating frequency of the signal passing through coupling structure 35D. For example, if the highest operating frequency of the signal passing through coupling structure 35D is 2.7 GHz, then the wavelength related to the distance threshold is the wavelength corresponding to 2.7 GHz.

[0124] like Figures 7c to 7d As shown, the length of the first transmission segment 120D in the y-axis direction is W31, and the width of the third transmission segment 220D in the y-axis direction is W32. The lengths of the first transmission segment 120D and the third transmission segment 220D in the y-axis direction are greater than the length of the coupling region 45D in the y-axis direction. In other embodiments, the lengths of the first transmission segment 120D and the third transmission segment 220D in the y-axis direction may also be less than or equal to the length of the coupling region 45D in the y-axis direction. It is understood that the lengths of the coupling region 45D in the y-axis direction and in the x-axis direction are determined by the area where the third coupling segment 210D and the first coupling segment 110D are relatively stacked, and the length of the coupling region 45D in the y-axis direction relative to the lengths of the first transmission segment 110D and the third transmission segment 220D in the y-axis direction is not limited to... Figures 7c to 7d The dimensions shown, for example, indicate that the length of the coupling region 45D in the y-axis direction is greater than the lengths of the first transmission segment 120D and / or the third transmission segment 220D in the y-axis direction. Depending on specific product design requirements, this application does not specifically limit the size of the length of the coupling region 45D in the y-axis direction relative to the lengths of the first transmission segment 120D and / or the third transmission segment 220D in the y-axis direction.

[0125] For example, such as Figure 7a As shown, the first transmission segment 110D of the coupling structure 35D can be used for input signals. The first coupling segment 110D can couple and transmit the signal to the third coupling segment 210D. After passing through the third transmission segment 220D, the third transmission segment 220D can transmit the signal to different radiating elements 12 of the array antenna.

[0126] Understandably, in the coupling structure 35D, the grounding branch 300D is used to adjust the impedance of the signal passing through the coupling element 100D and the first receiving element 200D, thereby matching the adjusted signal impedance with the impedance of the coupling element 100D and / or the first receiving element 200D. This broadens the bandwidth of the signal passing through the coupling element 100D and / or the first receiving element 200D, improving the applicability of the coupling structure 35D. Furthermore, by incorporating the grounding branch 300D, the coupling structure 35D can also achieve differential-mode lightning protection when high-voltage surges occur on the coupling element 100D and the first receiving element 200D. Moreover, compared to the contact electrical connection between the coupling element 100D and the first receiving element 200D via welding for signal transmission, this electrical connection also eliminates the need for electroplating between the first coupling section 110D and the third coupling section 210D, reducing costs.

[0127] Moreover, compared to the coupling structure 35A, the coupling structure 35D has a "C"-shaped structure through the first coupling segment 110D, forming a double-sided coupling structure on the upper and lower surfaces of the first coupling segment 110D and the third coupling segment 210D. In view of the problem of poor tolerance of the single-layer coupling structure that may occur in the coupling structure 35D, the double-sided coupling structure can not only effectively guarantee the capacitance, but also has obvious advantages in the stability of the electrical design of the antenna 10.

[0128] Please see Figures 8a to 8d , Figure 8a This is an exploded view of the coupling structure 35E in the antenna 10 of this application embodiment. Figure 8b This is a perspective view of the coupling structure 35E in the antenna 10 of this application embodiment. Figure 8c This is a schematic diagram of some structural components of the coupling structure 35E in the antenna 10 of this application embodiment. Figure 8d This is a top view of the coupling structure 35E in the antenna 10 according to an embodiment of this application. The following will be combined with... Figures 8a to 8d Describe the structure of the coupling structure 35E in this application.

[0129] like Figures 8a to 8dAs shown, the structure of the coupling structure 35E in this embodiment is basically the same as that of the coupling structure 35A provided in the embodiment. The coupling structure 35E includes a first receiving element 200E, a coupling element 100E, and a grounding branch 300E. The coupling element 100E is electrically connected to the first receiving element 200E, and one end of the grounding branch 300E is electrically connected to the coupling element 100E. The difference is that the coupling structure 35E also includes a grounding component 90E. The grounding branch 300E is flat, and the grounding component 90E is electrically connected to the grounding branch 300E and connected to the grounding plate 80E, wherein the grounding plate 80E is the ground layer of the antenna 10.

[0130] Combination Figures 8a to 8d It can be seen that the grounding branch 300E is flat. The first receiving element 200E and the coupling element 100E are stacked and arranged opposite each other to achieve coupling electrical connection. The grounding branch 300E and the coupling element 100E are in contact electrical connection. The grounding branch 300E abuts against the grounding plate 80E through the grounding block 920E. The coupling structure 35E incorporates a grounding branch 300E, which is connected not only to the ground plane of the antenna 10 via a grounding block 920E but also to the coupling element 100E. This allows the coupling element 100E to be connected to the ground plane through both the grounding branch 300E and the grounding block 920E. When a signal passes through the coupling element 100E, the grounding branch 300E can adjust the impedance of the signal passing through both the coupling element 100E and the first receiving element 200E. This allows the adjusted signal impedance to match the impedance of the coupling element 100E and / or the first receiving element 200E, thereby widening the bandwidth of the signal passing through the coupling element 100E and / or the first receiving element 200E and improving the applicability of the coupling structure 35E. Furthermore, by incorporating the grounding branch 300E and connecting it to the ground plane of the antenna 10, the coupling structure 35E can also provide differential mode lightning protection when high-voltage surges occur on the coupling element 100E and the first receiving element 200E. Furthermore, compared to the method of welding to make contact electrical connection between the coupling element 100E and the first receiving element 200E to achieve signal transmission, the coupling element 100E and the first receiving element 200E can also eliminate the need for electroplating of the first receiving element 200E, thus reducing costs.

[0131] like Figures 8a to 8d As shown, the grounding assembly 90E includes a grounding block 920E and a nut 910E; the grounding plate 80E has a limiting hole 81E, a limiting hole 82E and a limiting hole 83E; the grounding block 920E is provided with a grounding post 921E, and the grounding block 920E also has a limiting hole 922E and a fixing hole 923E; the grounding branch 300E has a grounding hole 301E, and the coupling element 100E has a signal hole 101E; the coupling structure 35E also includes a coaxial cable 700E, a nut 800E and an insulating layer 70E.

[0132] Specifically, in combination Figures 8a to 8d It can be seen that the grounding post 921E passes through the limiting hole 81E and the grounding hole 301E, and is fixed together with the grounding branch 300E by the nut 910E and the grounding hole 301E to achieve the electrical connection between the grounding branch 300E and the grounding block 920E. The grounding post 921E passes through the limiting hole 81E, so that the grounding post 921E is pressed against the grounding plate 80E to achieve the connection between the grounding block 920E and the grounding plate 80E. Among them, the nut 910E, the grounding hole 301E, the limiting hole 81E, and the grounding post 921E are arranged sequentially along the -z axis.

[0133] Furthermore, such as Figure 8d As shown, the first receiving element 200E and the coupling element 100E are stacked and positioned opposite each other to achieve coupling connection, with a coupling region 45E ( Figure 8d The gray area in the figure represents the orthographic projection of the coupling element 100E onto the first surface of the first receiving element 200E. The first surface is the surface on the receiving element 200E that is perpendicular to the first direction. The minimum distance between the grounding stub 300E and the coupling region 45E is less than or equal to a distance threshold. The thickness direction is... Figure 8d The -Z axis direction. The first surface of the first receiving element 200E is the surface of the first receiving element 200E opposite to the coupling element 100E.

[0134] For example, such as Figure 8d As shown, the shortest distance between the grounding stub 300E and the coupling region 45E is 0. The minimum distance between the grounding stub 300E and the coupling region 45E is the minimum distance in the second direction, which is the orthographic projection of the coupling region 45E and the grounding stub 300E onto the plane of the first surface, and is parallel to the signal flow direction in the first receiving element 200E within the coupling region 45E. The distance threshold is 0.25 times the wavelength, where the wavelength corresponds to the highest operating frequency of the signal passing through the coupling structure 35E. It can be understood that the shortest distance between the grounding stub 300E and the coupling region 45E is not greater than the distance threshold, which is 0.25 times the wavelength, where the wavelength corresponds to the highest operating frequency of the signal passing through the coupling structure 35E.

[0135] like Figure 8cAs shown, a coaxial cable 700E passes through limiting holes 922E, 82E, and signal hole 101E. One end of the coaxial cable 700E is fixed to the signal hole 101E by a nut 800E to achieve electrical connection between the coaxial cable 700E and the coupling element 100E. Signals can be input from the coaxial cable 700E end, and the coaxial cable 700E transmits the signal to the coupling element 100E. The coupling element 100E, through its electrical connection with the first receiving element 200E, can transmit the signal to the first receiving element 200E, which then transmits the signal to other elements. The nut 800E, signal hole 101E, limiting hole 82E, and coaxial cable 700E are arranged sequentially along the -z axis.

[0136] As shown in the figure Figures 8a to 8d As shown, the coupling structure 35E also includes an insulating layer 70E, which can be disposed between the coupling element 100E and the first receiving element 200E. The insulating layer 70E can be used to prevent the coupling element 100E and the first receiving element 200E from making contact electrical connection when they are pressed together. The insulating layer 70E can be a plastic sheet or an insulating coating applied to the coupling element 100E and / or the first receiving element 200E.

[0137] like Figures 8a to 8d As shown, screw 900E passes through limiting hole 83E and fixing hole 923E. Screw 900E is used to fix grounding plate 80E and grounding block 920E and achieve pressure contact electrical connection. Screw 900E, limiting hole 83E and fixing hole 923E are arranged sequentially along the -z axis.

[0138] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

[0139] The above description illustrates the implementation of this application through specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this application from the content disclosed in this specification. Although the description of this application is presented in conjunction with some embodiments, this does not mean that the features of this application are limited to this embodiment. On the contrary, the purpose of describing the application in conjunction with embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may be derived based on the claims of this application. To provide a thorough understanding of this application, many specific details are included in the above description. This application may also be implemented without using these details. Furthermore, to avoid confusion or obscuring the focus of this application, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0140] It should be noted that in this specification, similar reference numerals and letters in the above figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0141] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0142] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0143] In the description of this application, it should be understood that "electrical connection" can be understood as physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as the form in which different components in a circuit structure are connected through physical lines that can transmit electrical signals, such as copper foil or wires on a printed circuit board (PCB). "Coupled through..." can be understood as electrical conduction through indirect coupling. Indirect coupling can be understood as contactless coupling. Those skilled in the art will understand that coupling refers to a phenomenon where there is close cooperation and mutual influence between the inputs and outputs of two or more circuit elements or electrical networks, and energy is transferred from one side to the other through interaction.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that, include: A coupling structure, wherein the coupling structure includes: Coupling element; A first receiving element, wherein the first receiving element and the coupling element are arranged sequentially along a first direction; A grounding branch, one end of which is connected to the coupling element and / or the first receiving element, and the other end of which is grounded; the coupling element, the first receiving element, and a portion of the grounding branch form a coupling structure. The minimum distance between the grounding branch and the coupling region is less than or equal to a distance threshold, which is 0.25 times the wavelength, wherein the wavelength corresponds to the highest operating frequency of the signal passing through the coupling structure, so that the impedance of the signal passing through the coupling structure, the impedance of the coupling element, and the impedance of the first receiving element are matched, wherein the coupling region is the orthographic projection of the coupling element onto the first surface of the first receiving element, and the first surface is a surface on the first receiving element that is perpendicular to the first direction.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The minimum distance between the grounding stub and the coupling region is less than or equal to a distance threshold, including: The minimum distance between the grounding branch and the coupling region is the minimum distance between the orthogonal projection of the coupling region and the grounding branch onto the plane of the first surface in a second direction, wherein the second direction is parallel to the direction of signal flow in the first receiving element within the coupling region.

3. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grounding branch is strip-shaped, with one end connected to the coupling element and / or the first receiving element, and the other end extending to and connected to the ground.

4. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grounding branch includes: The connecting part is electrically connected to the coupling element and / or the first receiving element; The grounding part is connected to the connecting part and is electrically coupled to the ground layer.

5. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coupling element includes a first coupling piece, a second coupling piece, and a connecting piece, wherein the first coupling piece, the first receiving element, and the second coupling piece are arranged sequentially along the first direction, and the first coupling piece and the second coupling piece are located on the same side of the connecting piece and are respectively connected to the connecting piece.

6. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grounding branch is flat, and the antenna also includes a grounding component, which is electrically connected to the grounding branch and connected to the ground.

7. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The antenna also includes a coaxial cable and a nut; The coupling element has a signal hole; The coaxial cable passes through the signal hole and is connected to the coupling element by the nut to achieve electrical connection between the coaxial cable and the coupling element.

8. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna further includes an insulating layer disposed between the coupling element and the first receiving element in the coupling structure.

9. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna also includes: The second receiving element, the coupling element, and a portion of the grounding branch form a second coupling structure.

10. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna includes a phase shifter, a combiner, a filter, and a radiating element; The coupling structure is included in at least one of the phase shifter, the combiner, the filter, and the radiating unit.

11. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. The electronic device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The electronic device is a base station.

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