A method and application of preparing proton exchange membrane by polymer chemical vapor deposition technology

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and application for preparing a proton exchange membrane using a polymer chemical vapor deposition technology. The method comprises: placing a substrate on a sample stage of a chemical vapor deposition reactor; arranging a nickel-chromium wire above the reaction stage and heating it to a predetermined temperature; heating an initiator, di-tert-butyl peroxide, a first functional monomer, 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl acrylate, a second functional monomer, methacrylic acid or 4-methyl-5-vinylthiazole, and a third functional monomer, vinylphosphonic acid, to vaporize them and flow them into a reactor; the initiator enters the reactor and is heated and decomposed by the nickel-chromium wire to generate free radicals, thereby initiating a free radical chain polymerization reaction between the monomers; the synthesized polymer is deposited on a substrate material to form a thin film to obtain a proton exchange membrane. The present invention synthesizes a multi-component nanoscale proton exchange membrane on the surface of a Nafion membrane in one step, preparing a proton exchange membrane with high proton conductivity at high temperatures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of material preparation, relates to the preparation of proton exchange membranes, and specifically relates to a method for preparing proton exchange membranes using polymer chemical vapor deposition technology and its application. Background Art

[0002] Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) use a proton exchange membrane as their electrolyte and have broad application prospects in portable power banks and new energy vehicles. A single PEMFC cell consists of an anode, a cathode, and a PEM. The anode is where hydrogen fuel is oxidized, while the cathode is where the oxidant is reduced. Both electrodes contain catalysts that accelerate the electrochemical reactions at the electrodes. The PEM serves as a solid electrolyte, separating the cathode and anode. Protons generated at the anode are transported through the PEM to the cathode to react with oxygen. Therefore, the proton conductivity of the PEM is crucial to the performance of the membrane electrode. Nafion®, a PEM manufactured by DuPont, has become an industry standard due to its high proton conductivity and excellent chemical stability. However, because Nafion membranes rely on hydration for their high proton conductivity, they can only achieve high proton conductivity at operating temperatures below 80°C, limiting their industrial applications. Therefore, developing new PEMs that can withstand high temperatures is crucial. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to prepare a proton exchange membrane with high proton conductivity at high temperature, the present invention provides a method and application of preparing a proton exchange membrane using polymer chemical vapor deposition technology. This polymer chemical vapor deposition technology (iCVD) preparation method is a simple, efficient, and mild polymer chemical vapor deposition method that can synthesize a proton exchange membrane with high-temperature proton conductivity in one step.

[0004] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A method for preparing a proton exchange membrane using polymer chemical vapor deposition technology, comprising:

[0006] The substrate is placed on a sample stage of a chemical vapor deposition reactor; a nickel-chromium wire is arranged above the reaction stage and heated to a predetermined temperature;

[0007] The initiator di-tert-butyl peroxide, the first functional monomer 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl acrylate, the second functional monomer methacrylic acid or 4-methyl-5-vinylthiazole, and the third functional monomer vinylphosphonic acid are heated and vaporized respectively and then flow into the reactor; the initiator enters the reactor and is heated and decomposed by nickel-chromium wire to generate free radicals, thereby initiating a free radical chain polymerization reaction between the monomers;

[0008] The synthesized polymer is deposited on a substrate material to form a thin film to obtain a proton exchange membrane.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the flow ratio of the first functional monomer, the second functional monomer, and the third functional monomer is 1:(1-8):(1-8).

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the initiator di-tert-butyl peroxide is heated to 10-30°C, the first functional monomer 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl acrylate is heated to 60-90°C, the second functional monomer methacrylic acid is heated to 40-60°C or 4-methyl-5-vinylthiazole is heated to 20-40°C, and the third functional monomer vinylphosphonic acid is heated to 70-140°C.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the thickness of the film is not less than 50 nm and not more than 2400 nm; when the film thickness reaches the expected requirement by monitoring, the initiator and monomer are stopped from flowing.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the substrate is a plastic sheet, a Nafion membrane or a silicon sheet.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, during the process of depositing the synthesized polymer on the substrate to form a thin film, the substrate temperature is controlled by a water circulation system and monitored by a thermocouple so that the temperature is not higher than the tolerance temperature of the substrate material.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the nickel-chromium wire is arranged 2.5 cm-3 cm above the reaction table and is heated to 200-400°C.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the pressure of the reactor is controlled at 0.1-1.0 Torr by a throttle valve, and the flow rate of each monomer participating in the reaction is controlled by a mass flow controller.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, during the process of depositing the synthesized polymer on the substrate material to form a thin film, the film thickness is monitored by a real-time laser interferometer.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the proton exchange membrane is P(PFDA- co -MAA- co -VPA) or P(PFDA- co -MVT- co -VPA).

[0018] Application of the proton exchange membrane prepared by the above method in proton exchange membrane fuel cells.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects and advantages:

[0020] Compared to traditional liquid-phase polymer film preparation methods, polymer chemical vapor deposition (PCRD) is a new, greener method for preparing functional polymer films. It combines traditional liquid-phase free radical polymerization with CVD technology. The initiator and functional monomers required for polymerization are vaporized and introduced into a chamber. At a relatively low heating temperature, the initiator is cleaved to produce free radicals, which then undergo free radical polymerization to form a polymer film that is deposited on a substrate. A nickel-chromium wire is placed above a reaction table and heated to a predetermined temperature. The initiator enters the reactor, where it decomposes upon heating to produce free radicals. This in turn triggers a free radical chain polymerization reaction between the monomers, resulting in the deposition of the resulting polymer onto the substrate as a thin film. By monitoring the film thickness to reach the desired level, the initiator and monomer flow are stopped, resulting in a proton exchange membrane. Furthermore, due to the mild reaction conditions of PCRD, compared to the more aggressive plasma CVD, it is non-destructive to the film and preserves the functional groups in the film. Furthermore, the PCRD process does not use harmful organic solvents. The present invention uses a polymer chemical vapor deposition method to plate P (PFDA- co -MAA- co -VPA) and other methods, thereby preparing a proton exchange membrane with high proton conductivity at high temperatures (120°C). This iCVD preparation method is a simple, efficient, and mild polymer chemical vapor deposition method that can synthesize a proton exchange membrane with high-temperature proton conductivity in one step.

[0021] Preferably, the coating process is monitored by a laser interferometer to accurately control the film thickness. In the present invention, the P(PFDA- co -MAA- co -VPA) ranges from 50 nm to 2400 nm. By coating the surface of a Nafion membrane with an iCVD film, a proton exchange membrane with high proton conductivity at high temperatures is prepared, which has great value in fuel cell applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of proton conduction by the iCVD multi-component proton membrane of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the present invention are P(PFDA- co -MAA- co -VPA) FT-IR spectrum;

[0024] Figure 3 Examples 1, 3, and 4 of the present invention are P(PFDA-co -MAA- co -VPA) transverse proton conductivity at 120°;

[0025] Figure 4 Examples 1, 3, and 4 of the present invention are P(PFDA- co -MAA- co -VPA) longitudinal proton conductivity at 120°;

[0026] Figure 5 This is Example 5 of the present invention P(PFDA- co -MVT- co -VPA) SEM image of 100 nm proton membrane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless there is a conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other in any manner.

[0028] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0029] Initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) is a new, green method for preparing functional polymer films. It combines traditional liquid-phase free radical polymerization with chemical vapor deposition techniques to generate polymer films through free radical polymerization of monomers under mild reaction conditions. Laser monitoring precisely controls film thickness during the coating process, enabling uniform deposition of films ranging from tens of nanometers to several microns onto substrates of various shapes and materials.

[0030] The present invention synthesizes a multi-component proton exchange membrane on a Nafion membrane through iCVD, enabling the preparation of a proton exchange membrane with high proton conductivity at high temperatures, which has important application prospects. To prepare a proton exchange membrane with high proton conductivity at high temperatures, the present invention provides a simple, efficient, and mild polymer chemical vapor deposition method for the one-step synthesis of a multi-component nanoscale proton exchange membrane on the surface of a Nafion membrane, producing a proton exchange membrane with high proton conductivity at high temperatures.

[0031] The first object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a proton exchange membrane using polymer chemical vapor deposition technology, comprising the following steps:

[0032] Plastic sheets, Nafion membranes, and silicon wafers are used as substrates and placed on the sample stage of a polymer chemical vapor deposition reactor.

[0033] The initiator di-tert-butyl peroxide (TBP), the primary functional monomer 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl acrylate (PFDA), the secondary functional monomer methacrylic acid (MAA) or 4-methyl-5-vinylthiazole (MVT), and the tertiary functional monomer vinylphosphonic acid (VPA) were heated to (10-30)°C, (60-90)°C, (40-60)°C / (20-40)°C, and (70-140)°C, respectively, allowing them to vaporize and flow into the reactor. The flow rates of each monomer were controlled by mass flow controllers. Nichrome wires were neatly arranged 2.5-3 cm above the reaction table and heated to 200-400°C.

[0034] The initiator TBP enters the reactor, where it is heated by a nickel-chromium wire and decomposes to produce free radicals, which then initiate a free radical chain polymerization reaction. The resulting polymer is deposited on the substrate material and the control silicon wafer. During the deposition process, the substrate temperature is controlled by a water circulation system and monitored by a thermocouple at 30-60°C to ensure that the properties of the substrate material are not damaged. The reactor pressure is controlled by a throttle valve at 0.1-1.0 Torr. The film thickness is controlled by real-time laser interferometer monitoring within a range of 50 nm to 2400 nm. When P(PFDA- co -MAA- co When the thickness of the VPA coating reaches the expected requirement, the monomers and initiators stop flowing.

[0035] The P(PFDA- co -MAA- co -VPA) was 50 nm-2400 nm, and the flow ratio of PFDA / MAA / VPA monomers was (1:1:1), (1:3:3) (1:8:8).

[0036] The present invention uses a gas-phase iCVD method to prepare a series of proton exchange membranes of different thicknesses on the surface of a Nafion membrane by combining monomers such as 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl acrylate (PFDA), methacrylic acid (MAA) / 4-methyl-5-vinylthiazole (MVT), and vinylphosphonic acid (VPA) in various ratios. The membranes have high proton conductivity at high temperatures.

[0037] In addition, the proton exchange membrane prepared by the present invention can be used in proton exchange membrane fuel cells, as a proton exchange membrane in fuel cells as an electrolyte, and further used in portable mobile power supplies and new energy vehicles.

[0038] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] 100 nm P(PFDA- co -MAA- co -VPA) preparation with a monomer flow ratio of 1:3:3:

[0041] A plastic sheet was placed on the sample stage of a polymer chemical vapor deposition reactor. The initiator, di-tert-butyl peroxide (TBP), the first functional monomer, 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl acrylate (PFDA), the second functional monomer, methacrylic acid (MAA), and the third functional monomer, vinylphosphonic acid (VPA), were heated to 25, 80, 45, and 130°C, respectively, and vaporized into the reactor. The flow rates of each monomer were controlled by mass flow controllers, with a PFDA / MAA / VPA flow ratio of 1:3:3. Nichrome wires were neatly arranged 2.5 cm above the reactor and heated to 283°C. The initiator, TBP, entered the reactor and decomposed upon heating of the nichrome wire to generate free radicals, which then initiated a free radical chain polymerization reaction. The synthesized polymer was deposited on the substrate and a control silicon wafer. During deposition, the substrate temperature was controlled by a water circulation system and monitored at 55°C by a thermocouple. The reactor pressure was controlled at 0.5 Torr by a throttle valve. The film thickness is monitored by real-time laser interferometer. co -MAA- co When the thickness of the VPA film reaches 100 nm, the flow of monomers and initiators is stopped.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] 150 nm P(PFDA- co -MAA- co -VPA) preparation with a monomer flow ratio of 1:3:3:

[0044] A Nafion membrane substrate was placed on the sample stage of a polymer chemical vapor deposition reactor. The initiator, di-tert-butyl peroxide (TBP), the first functional monomer, 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl acrylate (PFDA), the second functional monomer, methacrylic acid (MAA), and the third functional monomer, vinylphosphonic acid (VPA), were heated to 24, 80, 45, and 130°C, respectively, and vaporized into the reactor. The monomer flow rates were controlled by mass flow controllers, with a PFDA / MAA / VPA flow ratio of 1:3:3. Nichrome wires were neatly arranged 2.5 cm above the reactor and heated to 283°C. The initiator, TBP, entered the reactor and decomposed upon heating of the Nichrome wire to generate free radicals, which then initiated a free radical chain polymerization reaction. The synthesized polymer was deposited on the substrate and a control silicon wafer. During deposition, the substrate temperature was controlled by a water circulation system and monitored at 55°C by a thermocouple. The reactor pressure was controlled at 0.2 Torr by a throttle valve. The film thickness is monitored by real-time laser interferometer. co -MAA- co When the thickness of the VPA film reaches 150 nm, the flow of monomers and initiators is stopped.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] 300 nm P(PFDA- co -MAA- co -VPA) preparation with a monomer flow ratio of 1:3:3:

[0047] A silicon wafer substrate was placed on the sample stage of a polymer chemical vapor deposition reactor. The initiator, di-tert-butyl peroxide (TBP), the primary functional monomer, 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl acrylate (PFDA), the secondary functional monomer, methacrylic acid (MAA), and the tertiary functional monomer, vinylphosphonic acid (VPA), were heated to 24, 80, 45, and 130°C, respectively, and vaporized into the reactor. The monomer flow rates were controlled by mass flow controllers, with a PFDA / MAA / VPA ratio of 1:3:3. Nichrome wires were neatly arranged 2.5 cm above the reactor and heated to 283°C. The initiator, TBP, entered the reactor and decomposed upon heating of the nichrome wire to generate free radicals, which then initiated a free radical chain polymerization reaction. The resulting polymer was deposited on the substrate and a control silicon wafer. During deposition, the substrate temperature was controlled by a water circulation system and monitored at 55°C by a thermocouple. The reactor pressure was maintained at 0.2-0.5 Torr by a throttle valve. The film thickness is monitored by real-time laser interferometer. co -MAA- co When the thickness of the VPA film reaches 300 nm, the flow of monomers and initiators is stopped.

[0048] Example 4

[0049] 2400 nm P(PFDA- co -MAA- co -VPA) preparation with a monomer flow ratio of 1:3:3:

[0050] A plastic substrate was placed on the sample stage of a polymer chemical vapor deposition reactor. The initiator, di-tert-butyl peroxide (TBP), the primary functional monomer, 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl acrylate (PFDA), the secondary functional monomer, methacrylic acid (MAA), and the tertiary functional monomer, vinylphosphonic acid (VPA), were heated to 24, 80, 45, and 130°C, respectively, and vaporized into the reactor. The monomer flow rates were controlled by mass flow controllers, with a PFDA / MAA / VPA flow ratio of 1:3:3. Nichrome wires were neatly arranged 2.5 cm above the reactor and heated to 283°C. The initiator, TBP, entered the reactor and decomposed upon heating of the nichrome wire to generate free radicals, which then initiated a free radical chain polymerization reaction. The resulting polymer was deposited on the substrate and a control silicon wafer. During deposition, the substrate temperature was controlled by a water circulation system and monitored at 55°C by a thermocouple. The reactor pressure was maintained at 0.5 Torr by a throttle valve. The film thickness is monitored by real-time laser interferometer. co -MAA- co -VPA) coating thickness reaches 2400 nm, and the flow of monomers and initiators is stopped.

[0051] Example 5

[0052] 100 nm P(PFDA- co -MVT- co -VPA) preparation with a monomer flow ratio of 1:3:3:

[0053] A silicon wafer was placed on the sample stage of a polymer chemical vapor deposition reactor. The initiator was di-tert-butyl peroxide (TBP), the first functional monomer was 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl acrylate (PFDA), the second functional monomer was 4-methyl-5-vinylthiazole (MVT), and the third functional monomer was vinylphosphonic acid (VPA). The third functional monomer was heated to 24.3, 90, 32, and 130°C, respectively, to vaporize and flow into the reactor. The flow rates of each monomer were controlled by mass flow controllers, with a PFDA / MVT / VPA ratio of 1:3:3. Nichrome wires were neatly arranged 2.5 cm above the reactor and heated to 283°C. The initiator TBP entered the reactor, where it decomposed upon heating to generate free radicals, which then initiated a free radical chain polymerization reaction. The resulting polymer was deposited on the substrate and a control silicon wafer. During deposition, the substrate temperature was controlled by a water circulation system and monitored at 58°C by a thermocouple. The pressure of the reactor was controlled at 0.5 Torr by a throttle valve. The film thickness was monitored by a real-time laser interferometer. co -MVT- co When the thickness of the VPA film reaches 100 nm, the flow of monomers and initiators is stopped.

[0054] Example 6

[0055] 50 nm P(PFDA- co -MAA- co -VPA) preparation with a monomer flow ratio of 1:8:8:

[0056] A Nafion membrane substrate was placed on the sample stage of a polymer chemical vapor deposition reactor. The initiator, di-tert-butyl peroxide (TBP), the first functional monomer, 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl acrylate (PFDA), the second functional monomer, methacrylic acid (MAA), and the third functional monomer, vinylphosphonic acid (VPA), were heated to 10, 60, 40, and 70°C, respectively, allowing them to vaporize and flow into the reactor. The flow rates of each monomer were controlled by mass flow controllers, with a PFDA / MAA / VPA flow ratio of 1:8:8. Nichrome wires were neatly arranged 3 cm above the reactor and heated to 400°C. The initiator, TBP, entered the reactor and decomposed upon heating of the Nichrome wire to generate free radicals, which then initiated a free radical chain polymerization reaction. The synthesized polymer was deposited on the substrate and a control silicon wafer. During deposition, the substrate temperature was controlled by a water circulation system and monitored at 60°C by a thermocouple. The reactor pressure was controlled at 0.1 Torr by a throttle valve. The film thickness is monitored by real-time laser interferometer. co -MAA- co When the thickness of the VPA film reaches 50 nm, the flow of monomers and initiators is stopped.

[0057] Example 7

[0058] 1000 nm P(PFDA- co -MAA- co -VPA) preparation with a monomer flow ratio of 1:1:1:

[0059] A silicon wafer substrate was placed on the sample stage of a polymer chemical vapor deposition reactor. The initiator, di-tert-butyl peroxide (TBP), the first functional monomer, 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl acrylate (PFDA), the second functional monomer, methacrylic acid (MAA), and the third functional monomer, vinylphosphonic acid (VPA), were heated to 30, 90, 60, and 140°C, respectively, and vaporized into the reactor. The monomer flow rates were controlled by mass flow controllers, with a PFDA / MAA / VPA ratio of 1:1:1. Nichrome wires were neatly arranged 2.5 cm above the reactor and heated to 200°C. The initiator, TBP, entered the reactor and decomposed upon heating of the nichrome wire to generate free radicals, which then initiated a free radical chain polymerization reaction. The resulting polymer was deposited on the substrate and a control silicon wafer. During deposition, the substrate temperature was controlled by a water circulation system and monitored at 30°C by a thermocouple. The reactor pressure was controlled at 1 Torr by a throttle valve. The film thickness is monitored by real-time laser interferometer. co -MAA- co When the thickness of the VPA film reaches 1000 nm, the flow of monomers and initiators is stopped.

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, the embodiments 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the present invention are P(PFDA- co -MAA- co FT-IR spectrum of 1,4-D-VPA). As the film thickness increases, the peak area of ​​the film's characteristic groups gradually increases.

[0061] like Figure 3 As shown, the embodiments 1, 3, and 4 of the present invention are P(PFDA- co -MAA- co -VPA) transverse proton conductivity at 120°. 300 nm and 100 nm P(PFDA- co -MAA- co -VPA) Nafion composite membrane has a higher lateral proton conductivity than Nafion membrane under high temperature conditions. co -MAA- co-VPA) has a lower lateral proton conductivity, indicating that the thickness of the iCVD proton membrane is crucial to the lateral proton conductivity of the high-temperature proton membrane.

[0062] like Figure 4 As shown, the embodiments 1, 3, and 4 of the present invention are P(PFDA- co -MAA- co -VPA) longitudinal proton conductivity at 120°. 300 nm and 100 nm P(PFDA- co -MAA- co -VPA) Nafion composite membrane has better longitudinal proton conductivity than Nafion membrane under high temperature conditions, 2400nm P(PFDA- co -MAA- co -VPA) has a lower longitudinal proton conductivity, indicating that the thickness of the iCVD proton membrane is crucial to the longitudinal proton conductivity of the high-temperature proton membrane.

[0063] like Figure 5 As shown, it is Example 5 P(PFDA- co -MVT- co -VPA) SEM image of 100nm proton membrane, indicating that the iCVD proton membrane can be very evenly coated on the surface of the base Nafion membrane.

[0064] All articles and references disclosed above, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes. The term "consisting essentially of..." when describing a combination should include the identified elements, ingredients, components or steps and other elements, ingredients, components or steps that do not materially affect the basic novel characteristics of the combination. The use of the terms "comprising" or "including" to describe a combination of elements, ingredients, components or steps herein also contemplates embodiments consisting essentially of these elements, ingredients, components or steps. By using the term "may", it is intended to indicate that any attribute described as "may" be optional.

[0065] Multiple elements, ingredients, parts or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, ingredient, part or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, ingredient, part or step can be divided into separate multiple elements, ingredients, parts or steps. The disclosure of "a" or "an" to describe an element, ingredient, part or step is not intended to exclude other elements, ingredients, parts or steps.

[0066] It should be understood that the above description is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting. Many embodiments and many applications beyond the examples provided will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the above description. Therefore, the scope of the present teachings should not be determined with reference to the above description, but rather with reference to the preceding claims and the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. For the purpose of completeness, all articles and references, including disclosures of patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference. The omission of any aspect of the subject matter disclosed herein from the preceding claims is not a disclaimer of such subject matter, nor should it be considered that the applicants did not consider such subject matter to be part of the disclosed inventive subject matter.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a proton exchange membrane using polymer chemical vapor deposition technology, characterized in that: include: The substrate is placed on a sample stage of a chemical vapor deposition reactor; a nickel-chromium wire is arranged above the reaction stage and heated to a predetermined temperature; The initiator di-tert-butyl peroxide, the first functional monomer 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl acrylate, the second functional monomer methacrylic acid or 4-methyl-5-vinylthiazole, and the third functional monomer vinylphosphonic acid are heated and vaporized respectively and then flow into the reactor; the initiator enters the reactor and is heated and decomposed by nickel-chromium wire to generate free radicals, thereby initiating a free radical chain polymerization reaction between the monomers; The synthesized polymer is deposited on a substrate material to form a thin film to obtain a proton exchange membrane.

2. The method for preparing a proton exchange membrane using polymer chemical vapor deposition technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow ratio of the first functional monomer, the second functional monomer, and the third functional monomer is 1:(1-8):(1-8).

3. The method for preparing a proton exchange membrane using polymer chemical vapor deposition technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The initiator di-tert-butyl peroxide is heated to 10-30° C., the first functional monomer 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl acrylate is heated to 60-90° C., the second functional monomer methacrylic acid is heated to 40-60° C. or 4-methyl-5-vinylthiazole is heated to 20-40° C., and the third functional monomer vinylphosphonic acid is heated to 70-140° C.

4. The method for preparing a proton exchange membrane using polymer chemical vapor deposition technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the film is 50 nm-2400 nm; when the film thickness reaches the expected requirement through real-time laser interferometer monitoring, the initiator and monomer are stopped from flowing.

5. The method for preparing a proton exchange membrane using polymer chemical vapor deposition technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The substrate is a plastic sheet or a silicon sheet.

6. The method for preparing a proton exchange membrane using polymer chemical vapor deposition technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the deposition of the synthesized polymer on the substrate to form a thin film, the substrate temperature was controlled by a water circulation system and monitored by a thermocouple at a temperature of 30-60°C.

7. The method for preparing a proton exchange membrane using polymer chemical vapor deposition technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nickel-chromium wire is arranged 2.5 cm to 3 cm above the reaction table and heated to 200-400°C.

8. The method for preparing a proton exchange membrane using polymer chemical vapor deposition technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure of the reactor is controlled at 0.1-1.0 Torr by a throttle valve, and the flow rate of each monomer involved in the reaction is controlled by a mass flow controller.

9. The method for preparing a proton exchange membrane using polymer chemical vapor deposition technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The proton exchange membrane is P(PFDA- co -MAA- co -VPA) or P(PFDA- co -MVT- co -VPA).

10. Use of the proton exchange membrane prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

Images