A three-way deformation monitoring device and method for immersed tube segments

Abstract

A three-dimensional deformation monitoring device and method for immersed tunnel segments are disclosed, comprising a contact measurement structure or a non-contact measurement structure. The deformation monitoring device of this invention is simple and practical in structure, determines the overall deformation of the immersed tunnel segment through three points, has high accuracy, low manufacturing cost, and a flexible and easy-to-operate monitoring method. It provides important data support for long-term stability analysis of tunnel segments and has a wide range of applications, not only suitable for deformation monitoring between immersed tunnel segments but also for deformation monitoring between general structures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of immersed tunnel construction monitoring, and in particular to a device and method for monitoring three-dimensional deformation between immersed tunnel segments. Background Technology

[0002] High-precision measurement methods for inter-segment deformation in immersed tunnels are insufficient to determine the triaxial deformation patterns between segments. However, high-precision measurements are crucial for long-term stability analysis of tunnel segments. Currently, the most accurate triaxial deformation monitoring methods are total station prism observation between the front and rear segments and triaxial displacement gauge monitoring. Total station observation has a maximum accuracy of approximately 0.3 mm, which is difficult to improve, and its measurement frequency is limited to the minute level, making the process cumbersome. Using triaxial displacement gauges, large deformation in one direction can cause small changes in the measurements in other directions, making it unsuitable for large deformations and long-term monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a device and method for monitoring three-dimensional deformation between immersed tunnel sections.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention:

[0005] A device for monitoring three-dimensional deformation between immersed tunnel sections includes a contact measurement structure or a non-contact measurement structure.

[0006] The contact measurement structure includes two supports, an angle measuring instrument, an inclinometer, and a displacement meter. The two supports are fixed on the opposite side walls of the pipe section to be fixed and the pipe section to be moved, respectively. The ends of the two supports overlap. An angle measuring instrument is installed on the support connected to the pipe section to be moved. One end of the displacement meter is connected to the angle measuring instrument, and the other end of the displacement meter is connected to the support connected to the pipe section to be fixed via a universal joint. An inclinometer is installed on the displacement meter.

[0007] The non-contact measurement structure includes two supports, a three-dimensional laser rangefinder, a three-dimensional ranging target surface, and a magnet. The two supports are respectively fixed on the opposite side walls of the section to be fixed and the section to be moved. The top of the three-dimensional laser rangefinder is hinged to the support connected to the section to be moved via a universal ball joint. The magnet is set on the three-dimensional laser rangefinder, and the magnet and the universal ball joint are located on the same horizontal plane. The three-dimensional ranging target surface is set on the support connected to the section to be fixed. The three-dimensional ranging target surface is aligned with the local coordinate system direction of the section to be moved. The side of the three-dimensional ranging target surface facing the section to be fixed is a magnetic surface. The magnet and the magnetic surface work together to determine the Y-axis direction.

[0008] When the inclinometer is installed, it should point 0° in the Y-axis direction of the section to be moved.

[0009] The axes of the inclinometer and the rotation meter are parallel to each other.

[0010] The displacement gauge's tensile change measurement end is located at the end of the pipe section to be moved.

[0011] The distance between the three-directional laser rangefinder and the three-directional ranging target surface is the middle position of the measurement range.

[0012] A method for deformation monitoring using a three-dimensional deformation monitoring device between immersed tunnel sections, comprising the following steps using a contact-type measurement structure:

[0013] S1. Installation point calibration: On the joint surface of the pipe section to be moved, select one point on each side of the bottom and one point on the top. With the coordinates of point 1# as (0, 0, 0) and point 3# as the x-axis point, measure the coordinates of point 2# (x2', y2', z2') and point 3# (x3', 0, z3'). At the same time, measure the coordinates of other feature points (xa, ya, za) that need to be obtained later in this local coordinate system.

[0014] S2. Support point calibration: The support to be connected to the pipe section to be moved is attached in situ, and the coordinates of the support nodes at points 1#, 2#, and 3# are measured as (x1, y1, z1), (x2, y2, z2), and (x3, y3, z3), respectively.

[0015] S3. Initial setup of contact monitoring structure: After the proposed movable pipe section is installed, first install the brackets connecting the proposed movable pipe section and the corresponding angle gauge, inclinometer and displacement gauge, then install the brackets connecting the proposed fixed pipe section and universal joint, and connect the universal joint to the displacement gauge. After the installation is completed, test the installation structure to ensure that the installation effect meets the structural design requirements.

[0016] S4. Contact-based single-point three-dimensional deformation measurement and calculation:

[0017] a. Determining known sensor measurements before and after installation: Before installation, the displacement gauge is in a stretched or compressed state. Measure the distance between the two ends of the displacement gauge with calipers. The length of the displacement gauge sensor at point #1 is L1, and the measured value is L10. After installation, the measured value is L100. After installation, the measured rotation angle is θ_rotation10, and the positive direction of rotation is determined. The positive direction of rotation is clockwise, i.e., the Y-axis rotates around the Z-axis to the X-axis. After installation, the measured tilt angle is θ_tilt10, and the positive direction of tilt angle is determined. The positive direction of tilt angle is the direction in which the moving end moves away from the fixed end.

[0018] b. After installation, the spatial geometric relationship between the bracket for the movable pipe section connection and the bracket hole for the fixed pipe section connection is as follows:

[0019] c. After installation, the nth measurement value at point 1# is: displacement gauge value L1n, rotation angle value θ_rotation1n, and tilt angle value θ_tilt1n. At this time, the spatial geometric relationship between the support for the movable pipe section and the support hole for the fixed pipe section is as follows:

[0020] The three-dimensional deformation value of the support hole on the simulated movable pipe section (1) at point d.1# is...

[0021] e. Similarly, the triaxial deformation values ​​of #2 and #3 are calculated.

[0022] A method for deformation monitoring using a three-dimensional deformation monitoring device between immersed tunnel sections, comprising the following steps using a non-contact measurement structure:

[0023] P1. Installation point calibration: On the joint surface of the pipe section to be moved, select one point on each side of the bottom and one point on the top. With the coordinates of point 1# as (0, 0, 0) and point 3# as the x-axis point, measure the coordinates of point 2# (x2', y2', z2') and point 3# (x3', 0, z3'). At the same time, measure the coordinates of other feature points (xa, ya, za) that need to be obtained later in this local coordinate system.

[0024] P2. Support point calibration: The support to be connected to the pipe section to be moved is attached in situ, and the coordinates of the support nodes at points 1#, 2#, and 3# are measured as (x1, y1, z1), (x2, y2, z2), and (x3, y3, z3), respectively.

[0025] P3. Initial setup of non-contact monitoring structure: After the installation of the proposed movable pipe section (1), first install the bracket connecting the proposed movable pipe section and the corresponding three-way laser rangefinder and magnet, then install the bracket connecting the proposed fixed pipe section and the three-way rangefinder target surface. After the installation is completed, test the installation structure so that the effect after installation meets the structural design requirements.

[0026] P4. Non-contact single-point three-dimensional deformation measurement and calculation:

[0027] After the installation of sensor a.1# is completed, the initial distance between the measuring point and the target is measured, and the relative spatial relationship is obtained as (Δx). 10 Δy 10 Δz 10 During the formal measurement, the distance between the measuring point and the target was measured, and the relative spatial relationship was obtained as (Δx). 1n Δy 1n Δz 1n );

[0028] b.1# Three-dimensional rangefinder's three-dimensional distortion value is

[0029] c. Similarly, the triaxial deformation values ​​of #2 and #3 are calculated;

[0030] P5. Calculation of 3D deformation of the entire surface:

[0031] A. Taking the movable pipe section as rigid, assuming point 1# as the rotation center, establish a new local coordinate system by moving the origin of the coordinate system, and calculate the three-dimensional rotation angle value using the three-dimensional deformation of point 2# and point 3#.

[0032] B. Assuming point 1# (x1, y1, z1) is the center of rotation, the rigid body's triaxial deformation is (Δx 1n Δy 1n Δz 1n The initial and normal measurement coordinates of measuring point #2 in the local coordinate system are (χ2-χ1, y2-y1, z2-z1) and (x2-x1+Δx) respectively. 2n -Δχ 1n y2-y1+Δy 2n -Δy 1n ,z2-z1+Δz 2n -Δz 1n The initial and normal measurement coordinates of measuring point #3 in the local coordinate system are (x31x1, y3-y1, z3-z1) and (x3-x1+Δx) respectively. 3n -Δx 1n y3-y1+Δy 3n -Δy 1n ,z3-z1+Δz 3n -Δz 1n );

[0033] C. Calculate the Euler angle using the right-hand rule as the positive direction: Calculate the rotation angle θ around the Z-axis from measuring points #1 and #3. xy Geometric correspondence Then the rotation angle around the Z-axis can be obtained. Similarly, the rotation angle around the Y-axis can be calculated using measuring points #1 and #3. Similarly, the rotation angle around the X-axis can be calculated from measuring points 1# and 2#.

[0034] D. Calculate feature points: Given the coordinates of the feature points as (x... a y a , z a The three-dimensional deformation value of the coordinate point is calculated by step C. The initial and normal measurement coordinates of point a in the local coordinate system are (x...). a -x1, y a -y1, z a -z1) and (x a -x1+Δx a y a -y1+y a , z a -z1+z a ), that is, to obtain (Δx) a Δy a Δza ), where rotation about one axis causes changes in the other two coordinates, determined by θ. xy Deformation in the x-direction From θ zx Deformation in the x-direction Similarly, the changes in the rotation angle in the other two directions can be calculated;

[0035] The triaxial deformation value at point Ea is:

[0036]

[0037] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The deformation monitoring device of the present invention has a simple and practical structure, determines the overall deformation of the immersed tube through three points, has high accuracy, low manufacturing cost, and flexible and easy-to-operate monitoring method. It provides important data support for the long-term stability analysis of the tube section and has a wide range of applications. It is not only suitable for deformation monitoring between tube sections of immersed tunnels, but also for deformation monitoring between general structures. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation point markings for the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the contact measurement structure of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the non-contact measurement structure of the present invention.

[0041] Wherein: 1-Planned movable pipe section; 2-Support; 3-Rotator; 4-Displacement meter; 5-Inclinometer; 6-Planned fixed pipe section; 7-Three-directional laser rangefinder; 8-Magnet; 9-Three-directional rangefinder target surface; 10-Magnetic surface. Detailed Implementation

[0042] A device for monitoring three-dimensional deformation between immersed tunnel sections includes a contact measurement structure or a non-contact measurement structure.

[0043] The contact measurement structure includes two supports 2, an angle gauge 3, an inclinometer 5, and a displacement meter 4. The two supports 2 are fixed to the opposite side walls of the proposed fixed pipe section 6 and the proposed movable pipe section 1, respectively. The ends of the two supports 2 overlap. The angle gauge 3 is mounted on the support 2 connected to the proposed movable pipe section 1. One end of the displacement meter 4 is connected to the angle gauge 3, and the other end of the displacement meter 4 is connected to the support 2 connected to the proposed fixed pipe section 6 via a universal joint. The inclinometer 5 is mounted on the displacement meter 4. When installed, the inclinometer 5 is positioned with its 0° angle pointing towards the Y-axis of the proposed movable pipe section 1. The axes of the inclinometer 5 and the angle gauge 3 are parallel. The tensile change end of the displacement meter 4 is positioned at the end of the proposed movable pipe section 1, and the reading is taken at half its range. The angle gauge 3 and inclinometer 5 have an accuracy of 0.01°, and the displacement meter 4 has an accuracy of 0.05mm. During initial installation, the position of the angle gauge is adjusted to make the displacement meter nearly vertical, and the inclinometer reading is no greater than ±5°.

[0044] The non-contact measurement structure includes two supports 2, a three-dimensional laser rangefinder 7, a three-dimensional ranging target surface 9, and a magnet 8. The two supports 2 are respectively fixed on the opposite side walls of the proposed fixed pipe section 6 and the proposed movable pipe section 1. The top of the three-dimensional laser rangefinder 7 is hinged to the support 2 connected to the proposed movable pipe section 1 via a universal ball joint. The center of gravity of the three-dimensional laser rangefinder 7 is low and coaxial with the universal ball joint. The magnet 8 is set on the three-dimensional laser rangefinder 7, and the magnet and the universal ball joint are located on the same horizontal plane. The three-dimensional ranging target surface 9 is set on the support 2 connected to the proposed fixed pipe section 6. The three-dimensional ranging target surface 9 is aligned with the local coordinate system direction of the proposed movable pipe section 1. The direction control is difficult, so it is advisable to use the support 2 connected to the proposed movable pipe section 1 to verify the direction. The side of the three-dimensional ranging target surface 9 facing the proposed fixed pipe section 6 is a magnetic surface 10. The magnet 8 and the magnetic surface 10 cooperate to determine the Y-axis direction.

[0045] The distance between the three-way laser rangefinder 7 and the three-way ranging target surface 9 is at the middle position of the measurement range, and the accuracy of the three-way laser rangefinder 7 is 0.05mm.

[0046] A method for deformation monitoring using a three-dimensional deformation monitoring device between immersed tunnel sections, when on-site installation requirements are relatively low and the environment is harsh such as water and salt spray, involves the following steps using a contact-type measurement structure for deformation monitoring:

[0047] S1. Installation point calibration: On the mating surface of the proposed movable pipe section 1, select one point on each side of the bottom and one point on the top. With the coordinates of point 1# as (0, 0, 0) and point 3# as the x-axis point, measure the coordinates of point 2# (x2', y2', z2') and point 3# (x3', 0, z3'). At the same time, measure the coordinates of other feature points (xa, ya, za) that need to be obtained later in this local coordinate system.

[0048] S2. Support point calibration: The support 2 connected to the pipe section to be moved 1 is attached in situ, and the coordinates of the support 2 nodes at points 1#, 2#, and 3# are measured as (x1, y1, z1), (x2, y2, z2), and (x3, y3, z3), respectively.

[0049] S3. Initial setup of the contact monitoring structure: After the installation of the movable pipe section 1 is completed, first install the bracket 2 connected to the movable pipe section 1 and the corresponding angle meter 3, inclinometer 5 and displacement meter 4. Then install the bracket 2 connected to the fixed pipe section 6 and the universal joint. Connect the universal joint to the displacement meter 4. After the installation is completed, test the installation structure to ensure that the installation effect meets the structural design requirements.

[0050] S4. Contact-based single-point three-dimensional deformation measurement and calculation:

[0051] a. Determining known sensor measurements before and after installation: Before installation, displacement gauge 4 is in a tensile or compressed state. The distance between the two ends of displacement gauge 4 is measured with calipers. The length of displacement gauge sensor at point 1 is L1, and the displacement gauge measurement is L10. After installation, the displacement gauge measurement is L100. After installation, the rotation angle is measured as θ_rotation10, and the positive direction of rotation is determined. The positive direction of rotation is clockwise, that is, the Y-axis rotates around the Z-axis to the X-axis. After installation, the tilt angle is measured as θ_tilt10, and the positive direction of tilt angle is determined. The positive direction of tilt angle is the direction in which the moving end moves away from the fixed end.

[0052] b. After installation, the spatial geometric relationship between the bracket 2 connected to the movable pipe section 1 and the bracket 2 hole connected to the fixed pipe section 6 is as follows:

[0053] c. After installation, the nth measurement value at point 1# is: displacement gauge value L1n, rotation angle θ_rotation1n, and tilt angle θ_tilt1n. At this time, the spatial geometric relationship between the support 2 connected to the movable pipe section 1 and the support 2 hole connected to the fixed pipe section 6 is as follows:

[0054] The three-dimensional deformation value of the support hole on the simulated movable pipe section 1 at point d.1# is...

[0055] e. Similarly, the triaxial deformation values ​​of #2 and #3 are calculated;

[0056] This contact measurement method is relatively expensive, but it is more suitable for quick installation and long-term monitoring. All three measured values ​​are indispensable.

[0057] A method for deformation monitoring using a three-dimensional deformation monitoring device between immersed tunnel sections, when the target surface is required to be consistent with the local coordinate system and the site is not resistant to harsh environments such as water and fog, the steps for deformation monitoring using a non-contact measurement structure are as follows:

[0058] P1. Installation point calibration: On the joint surface of the proposed movable pipe section 1, select one point on each side of the bottom and one point on the top. With the coordinates of point 1# as (0, 0, 0) and point 3# as the x-axis point, measure the coordinates of point 2# (x2', y2', z2') and point 3# (x3', 0, z3'). At the same time, measure the coordinates of other feature points (xa, ya, za) that need to be obtained later in this local coordinate system.

[0059] P2. Support point calibration: The support 2 connected to the pipe section to be moved 1 is attached in situ, and the coordinates of the support 2 nodes at points 1#, 2#, and 3# are measured as (x1, y1, z1), (x2, y2, z2), and (x3, y3, z3), respectively.

[0060] P3. Initial setup of non-contact monitoring structure: After the installation of the movable pipe section 1 is completed, first install the bracket 2 connected to the movable pipe section 1 and the corresponding three-dimensional laser rangefinder 7 and magnet 8, then install the bracket 2 connected to the fixed pipe section 6 and the three-dimensional ranging target surface 9. After the installation is completed, test the installation structure to ensure that the effect after installation meets the structural design requirements.

[0061] P4. Non-contact single-point three-dimensional deformation measurement and calculation:

[0062] After the installation of sensor a.1# is completed, the initial distance between the measuring point and the target is measured, and the relative spatial relationship is obtained as (Δχ). 10 Δy 10 Δz 10 During the formal measurement, the distance between the measuring point and the target was measured, and the relative spatial relationship was obtained as (Δx). 1n Δy 1n Δz 1n );

[0063] b.1# Three-dimensional rangefinder's three-dimensional distortion value is

[0064] c. Similarly, the triaxial deformation values ​​of #2 and #3 are calculated;

[0065] P5. Calculation of 3D deformation of the entire surface:

[0066] A. The object has six degrees of freedom in space: translational degrees of freedom along the three rectangular coordinate axes (x, y, z) and rotational degrees of freedom around these axes. Therefore, to completely determine the object's position, these six degrees of freedom must be eliminated, and these six parameters must be obtained. Taking the simulated movable pipe section 1 as rigid, assuming point 1# as the rotation center, a new local coordinate system is established by moving the origin of the coordinate system. The three-dimensional rotation angle values ​​are calculated using the three-dimensional deformations of points 2# and 3#.

[0067] B. Assuming point 1# (x1, y1, z1) is the center of rotation, the rigid body's triaxial deformation is (Δx 1n Δy1n Δz 1n The initial and normal measurement coordinates of measuring point #2 in the local coordinate system are (x2-x1, y2-y1, z2-z1) and (x2-x1+Δx) respectively. 2n -Δx 1n y2-y1+Δy 2n -Δy 1n ,z21z1+Δz 2n -Δz 1n The initial and normal measurement coordinates of measuring point #3 in the local coordinate system are (x3-x1, y3-y1, z3-z1) and (x3-x1+Δx) respectively. 3n -Δx 1n y3-y1+Δy 3n -Δy 1n ,z3-z1+Δz 3n -Δz 1n );

[0068] C. Calculate the Euler angle using the right-hand rule as the positive direction: Calculate the rotation angle θ around the Z-axis from measuring points #1 and #3. xy Geometric correspondence Then the rotation angle around the Z-axis can be obtained. Similarly, the rotation angle around the Y-axis can be calculated using measuring points #1 and #3. Similarly, the rotation angle around the X-axis can be calculated from measuring points 1# and 2#.

[0069] D. Calculate feature points: Given the coordinates of the feature points as (x... a y a , z a The three-dimensional deformation value of the coordinate point is calculated by step C. The initial and normal measurement coordinates of point a in the local coordinate system are (x...). a -x1, y a y1, z a -z1) and (χ a -χ1+Δχ a y a -y1+y a , z a -z1+z a ), that is, to obtain (Δx) a Δy a Δz a ), where rotation about one axis causes changes in the other two coordinates, determined by θ. xy Deformation in the x-direction From θ zx Deformation in the x-direction Similarly, the changes in the rotation angle in the other two directions can be calculated;

[0070] The triaxial deformation value at point Ea is:

[0071]

[0072] This non-contact measurement method is inexpensive, suitable for measurement in locations with good environmental conditions, and the measured value is directly the deformation value.

[0073] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0074] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0075] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0076] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the content described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for deformation monitoring using a three-dimensional deformation monitoring device between immersed tunnel sections, characterized in that, The contact measurement structure of the three-dimensional deformation monitoring device between immersed tunnel sections includes two supports (2), an angle meter (3), an inclinometer (5), and a displacement meter (4). The two supports (2) are fixed on the opposite side walls of the proposed fixed section (6) and the proposed movable section (1), respectively. The ends of the two supports (2) overlap. An angle meter (3) is installed on the support (2) connected to the proposed movable section (1). One end of the displacement meter (4) is connected to the angle meter (3), and the other end of the displacement meter (4) is connected to the support (2) connected to the proposed fixed section (6) through a universal joint. An inclinometer (5) is installed on the displacement meter (4). The steps for deformation monitoring using contact measurement structures are as follows: S1. Installation point calibration: On the joint surface of the proposed movable pipe section (1), select one point on each side of the bottom and one point on the top. With the coordinates of point 1# as (0, 0, 0) and point 3# as the x-direction point, measure the coordinates of point 2# (x2', y2', z2') and point 3# (x3', 0, z3'). At the same time, measure the coordinates of other feature points (xa, ya, za) that need to be obtained later in this local coordinate system. S2. Support point calibration: The support (2) to be connected to the pipe section (1) to be moved is attached in situ, and the node coordinates of the support (2) at points 1#, 2# and 3# are measured as (x1, y1, z1), (x2, y2, z2), and (x3, y3, z3), respectively. S3. Initial setup of contact monitoring structure: After the installation of the movable pipe section (1), first install the bracket (2) connected to the movable pipe section (1) and the corresponding angle meter (3), inclinometer (5) and displacement meter (4), then install the bracket (2) connected to the fixed pipe section (6) and the universal joint, and connect it to the displacement meter (4) through the universal joint. After the installation is completed, test the installation structure to ensure that the effect after installation meets the structural design requirements. S4. Contact-based single-point three-dimensional deformation measurement and calculation: a. Installation before and after sensor known value determination: displacement meter (4) before installation is in tension or compression state, vernier caliper measures the distance between the two ends of displacement meter (4), 1# point displacement meter sensor length L1, at the same time, the displacement meter measured value is L 10 ; After installation, the displacement meter measured value is L 100 ; After installation, the rotation angle value is θ 转10 and the positive rotation direction is determined, which is the clockwise direction, i.e., the positive direction is that the Y axis rotates around the Z axis to the X axis direction; after installation, the inclination angle value is θ 倾10 and the positive inclination angle direction is determined, which is the direction in which the mobile end moves away from the fixed end. b. After installation, the spatial geometric relationship between the bracket (2) connected to the movable pipe section (1) and the bracket (2) connected to the fixed pipe section (6) is as follows: ; c. The nth measurement value at point #1 after installation: Displacement gauge measurement value L 1n The angle value is θ 转1n The tilt angle is θ 倾1n At this time, the spatial geometric relationship between the support (2) connected to the movable pipe section (1) and the support (2) connected to the fixed pipe section (6) is as follows: ; The three-dimensional deformation value of the support hole on the simulated movable pipe section (1) at point d.1# is... ; e. Similarly, the triaxial deformation values ​​of #2 and #3 are calculated.

2. A method for deformation monitoring using a three-dimensional deformation monitoring device between immersed tunnel sections, characterized in that, The non-contact measurement structure of the three-dimensional deformation monitoring device between immersed tunnel sections includes two supports (2), a three-dimensional laser rangefinder (7), a three-dimensional ranging target surface (9), and a magnet (8). The two supports (2) are fixed on the opposite side walls of the proposed fixed section (6) and the proposed movable section (1), respectively. The top of the three-dimensional laser rangefinder (7) is hinged to the support (2) connected to the proposed movable section (1) by a universal ball. The magnet (8) is set on the three-dimensional laser rangefinder (7). The magnet (8) and the universal ball are located on the same horizontal plane. The three-dimensional ranging target surface (9) is set on the support (2) connected to the proposed fixed section (6). The three-dimensional ranging target surface (9) is aligned with the local coordinate system direction of the proposed movable section (1). The side of the three-dimensional ranging target surface (9) facing the proposed fixed section (6) is a magnetic surface (10). The magnet (8) and the magnetic surface (10) work together to determine the Y-axis direction. The steps for deformation monitoring using a non-contact measurement structure are as follows: P1. Installation point calibration: On the joint surface of the proposed movable pipe section (1), select one point on each side of the bottom and one point on the top. With the coordinates of point 1# as (0, 0, 0) and point 3# as the x-axis point, measure the coordinates of point 2# (x2', y2', z2') and point 3# (x3', 0, z3'). At the same time, measure the coordinates of other feature points (xa, ya, za) that need to be obtained later in this local coordinate system. P2. Support point calibration: The support (2) to be connected to the pipe section to be moved (1) is attached in situ, and the node coordinates of the support (2) at points 1#, 2# and 3# are measured as (x1, y1, z1), (x2, y2, z2), and (x3, y3, z3), respectively. P3. Initial setup of non-contact monitoring structure: After the installation of the proposed movable pipe section (1), first install the bracket (2) connected to the proposed movable pipe section (1) and the corresponding three-way laser rangefinder (7) and magnet (8), then install the bracket (2) connected to the proposed fixed pipe section (6) and the three-way rangefinder target (9). After the installation is completed, test the installation structure to ensure that the effect after installation meets the structural design requirements. P4. Non-contact single-point three-dimensional deformation measurement and calculation: After the installation of sensor a.1# is completed, the initial measurement of the distance between the measuring point and the target yields the following relative spatial relationship: During the formal measurement, the distance between the measuring point and the target was measured, and the relative spatial relationship was obtained as follows: ); b.1# Three-dimensional rangefinder's three-dimensional distortion value is ; c. Similarly, the triaxial deformation values ​​of #2 and #3 are calculated; P5. Calculation of 3D deformation of the entire surface: A. Taking the movable pipe section (1) as rigid, assuming that point 1 is the rotation center, a new local coordinate system is established by moving the origin of the coordinate system, and the three-dimensional rotation angle value is obtained by calculating the three-dimensional deformation of point 2 and point 3. B. Assume point 1 ( The position is the center of rotation, and the rigid body undergoes triaxial deformation as follows: ( The initial and normal measurement coordinates of measuring point #2 in the local coordinate system are respectively ( )and ( The initial and normal measurement coordinates of measuring point #3 in the local coordinate system are as follows: ( )and （ ）； C. Calculate the Euler angles using the right-hand rule with the direction of rotation as positive: Calculate the rotation angle around the Z-axis using measuring points #1 and #3. Geometric correspondence Then, the rotation angle around the Z-axis can be obtained. Similarly, the rotation angle around the Y-axis can be calculated from measuring points #1 and #3. Similarly, the rotation angle around the X-axis can be calculated from measuring points 1# and 2#. ； Calculate the feature points: The known coordinates of the feature points are (x, y, y). a y a , z a The three-dimensional deformation value of the coordinate point is calculated by step C. The initial and normal measurement coordinates of point a in the local coordinate system are respectively... ( )and( ), that is, to obtain ( When a component rotates about a certain axis, the other two coordinates will change. Deformation in the x-direction ,Depend on Deformation in the x-direction Similarly, the changes in the rotation angle in the other two directions can be calculated. The triaxial deformation value at point Ea is: 。 3. The method for deformation monitoring using a three-dimensional deformation monitoring device between immersed tube sections according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the inclinometer (5) is installed, 0° is pointed to the Y-axis direction of the pipe section (1) to be moved.

4. The method for deformation monitoring using a three-dimensional deformation monitoring device between immersed tube sections according to claim 3, characterized in that, The axes of the inclinometer (5) and the rotation meter (3) are parallel to each other.

5. The method for deformation monitoring using a three-dimensional deformation monitoring device between immersed tube sections according to claim 4, characterized in that, The displacement gauge (4) is positioned at the end of the pipe section (1) to be moved.

6. The method for deformation monitoring using a three-dimensional deformation monitoring device between immersed tube sections according to claim 2, characterized in that, The distance between the three-directional laser rangefinder (7) and the three-directional ranging target (9) is the middle position of the measurement range.

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