Processing methods, apparatus, communication devices and readable storage media

Abstract

This application discloses a processing method, apparatus, communication device, and readable storage medium, belonging to the field of communication technology. The processing method of this application includes: the communication device acquiring the reflection multipath parameters of a sensing target on an ISAC channel; clustering the reflection multipath parameters to obtain clustering results under different transmit / receive positions and / or different rotation angles of the sensing target; statistically modeling the multipath clusters of the sensing target based on the clustering results to obtain a statistical model of the multipath clusters of the sensing target; and processing according to the statistical model of the multipath clusters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of communication technology, specifically relating to a processing method, apparatus, communication equipment, and readable storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of communication technology, Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) promises to integrate wireless sensing into large-scale mobile networks, referred to here as Perceptive Mobile Networks (PMNs). Perceptive Mobile Networks can simultaneously provide communication and wireless sensing services, and due to their large broadband coverage and robust infrastructure, they have the potential to become a ubiquitous wireless sensing solution. However, the modeling of sensing target multipath clusters in ISAC channels within the Integrated Sensing and Communication scenario remains unclear, hindering further exploration of the sensing channel characteristics within ISAC channels. Therefore, how to model the sensing target multipath clusters in ISAC channels is a pressing issue that needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a processing method, apparatus, communication device, and readable storage medium that can solve the problem of how to model the sensing target multipath clusters of the ISAC channel.

[0004] Firstly, a processing method is provided, including:

[0005] The communication equipment acquires the reflection multipath parameters of the sensing target in the ISAC channel of the integrated communication and sensing system;

[0006] The communication device clusters the reflection multipath parameters to obtain clustering results under different transmit and receive positions and / or different rotation angles of the sensing target.

[0007] Based on the clustering results, the communication device performs statistical modeling on the multipath clusters of the sensed target to obtain a statistical model of the multipath clusters of the sensed target.

[0008] The communication device processes data according to the multipath cluster statistical model.

[0009] Secondly, a processing apparatus is provided, comprising:

[0010] The acquisition module is used to acquire the reflection multipath parameters of the sensing target in the ISAC channel;

[0011] The segmentation module is used to cluster the reflection multipath parameters to obtain clustering results under different transmit and receive positions and / or different rotation angles of the sensing target.

[0012] The first construction module is used to perform statistical modeling of the multipath clusters of the sensing target based on the clustering results, so as to obtain a statistical model of the multipath clusters of the sensing target;

[0013] The processing module is used to process the data according to the multipath cluster statistical model.

[0014] Thirdly, a communication device is provided, including a processor, a memory, and a program or instructions stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect.

[0015] Fourthly, a communication device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is used to acquire the reflection multipath parameters of a sensing target in an ISAC channel; to cluster the reflection multipath parameters to obtain clustering results under different transmit / receive positions and / or different rotation angles of the sensing target; to perform statistical modeling on the multipath clusters of the sensing target based on the clustering results to obtain a statistical model of the multipath clusters of the sensing target; and to process the data according to the statistical model of the multipath clusters.

[0016] Fifthly, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instructions are stored, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect.

[0017] In a sixth aspect, a chip is provided, the chip including a processor and a communication interface coupled to the processor, the processor being used to run programs or instructions to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect.

[0018] In a seventh aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, the computer program / program product being stored in a non-transient storage medium, the computer program / program product being executed by at least one processor to perform the steps of the method as described in the first aspect.

[0019] In this embodiment, after acquiring the reflection multipath parameters of the sensing target in the ISAC channel, the communication device can cluster the reflection multipath parameters to obtain clustering results under different transmit / receive positions and / or different rotation angles of the sensing target. Based on the clustering results, the multipath clusters of the sensing target are statistically modeled to obtain a statistical model of the multipath clusters of the sensing target, and then processed according to this statistical model. This allows for the modeling of the multipath clusters of the sensing target in the ISAC channel, which is beneficial for further exploring the sensing channel characteristics in the ISAC channel. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to embodiments of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a processing method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the ISAC channel modeling process in the embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a measurement method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a block diagram of the ISAC channel measurement system in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the multipath cluster of the reflector measured in the embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 7A and Figure 7B This is a schematic diagram of non-target paths and multipath retention areas in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a processing device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same class, not limited in number; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0031] It is worth noting that the technologies described in this application are not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), and other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in this application are often used interchangeably, and the described technologies can be used with the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as with other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes New Radio (NR) systems for illustrative purposes, and the term NR is used in most of the following description; however, these technologies can also be applied to applications other than NR systems, such as 6th generation (6G) radio systems. th Generation 6G communication system.

[0032] Figure 1This diagram illustrates a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to embodiments of this application. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12. In this context, terminal 11 can also be referred to as terminal equipment or user equipment (UE). Terminal 11 can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld computer, netbook, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), mobile internet device (MID), augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) device, robot, wearable device, vehicle-mounted device (VUE), pedestrian terminal (PUE), smart home (home devices with wireless communication functions, such as refrigerators, televisions, washing machines, or furniture), etc. Wearable devices include: smartwatches, smart bracelets, smart headphones, smart glasses, smart jewelry (smart bracelets, smart chains, smart rings, smart necklaces, smart anklets, smart anklets, etc.), smart wristbands, smart clothing, game consoles, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of terminal 11 is not limited in this embodiment. Network-side device 12 can be a base station or a core network. The base station can be referred to as a node B, evolved node B, access point, base transceiver station (BTS), radio base station, radio transceiver, basic service set (BSS), extended service set (ESS), B node, evolved B node (eNB), home B node, home evolved B node, WLAN access point, WiFi node, transmitting and receiving point (TRP), or any other suitable term in the field, as long as the same technical effect is achieved. The base station is not limited to specific technical terms. It should be noted that in this application embodiment, only the base station in the NR system is used as an example, but the specific type of base station is not limited.

[0033] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the following will be described first.

[0034] In this embodiment of the application, the integration of communication and sensing can also be referred to as the integration of communication and sensing.

[0035] Machine learning, particularly deep learning, has further enhanced the potential of using non-dedicated radio signals for radar sensing. With these technologies, traditional radar is moving towards more general wireless sensing. Here, wireless sensing can broadly refer to retrieving information from received radio signals, rather than communication data modulated onto signals at the transmitter. For wireless sensing related to target location, common signal processing methods can be used to estimate dynamic parameters such as target signal reflection delay, angle of arrival (AoA), angle of departure (AoD), and Doppler. For sensing the physical characteristics of the target, this can be achieved through measuring devices, objects, and inherent pattern signals. These two sensing methods can be referred to as sensing parameter estimation and pattern recognition, respectively. In this sense, wireless sensing refers to more general sensing technologies and applications using radio signals.

[0036] A wireless channel is the propagation medium for wireless signals, and the normal operation of any wireless communication system depends on a good wireless channel. When a signal propagates in space, phenomena such as reflection, scattering, and diffraction of electromagnetic waves produce the so-called multipath effect. This means that the same signal sample, after being reflected and scattered by an anti-scattering object, arrives at the receiver multiple times with different time delays and angles. Because the propagation paths of the signals vary in length, these signals arrive at the receiver with different time delays and energies. This multipath superposition can lead to inter-symbol interference (ISI), affecting communication quality. Furthermore, wireless channels not only exhibit dispersion characteristics in the time delay dimension but also in the spatial dimension. This is not only due to multipath propagation but also to the backscattering characteristics of anti-scattering objects in the wireless channel. For example, when a multipath signal encounters a specific anti-scattering object during propagation, such as a wall or a building, the rough surface of the object causes the multipath signal to diverge further, resulting in a cluster of multipath signals observed at the receiver in that direction. Therefore, in order to accurately characterize the wireless channel, the multipath signals in the aforementioned angle and time delay dimensions need to be measured in order to perform channel modeling based on the measurement results, thereby accurately characterizing the corresponding wireless channel.

[0037] The channel model needs to consider different factors depending on the sensing method. For base station-transmitted and received sensing signals or integrated sensing signals, the reflection and scattering characteristics of the sensed target need to be considered in the channel model. The channel through which the echo signal travels has twice the path loss compared to the communication channel, plus additional reflection loss, which is related to the radar cross section (RCS) of the sensed object. For multi-target sensing and communication, the channels of all communication targets and the echo channels of all sensed targets need to be accurately jointly modeled; that is, the reflection and scattering characteristics of all sensed targets need to be reflected in the channel model.

[0038] In this embodiment, the ISAC channel includes not only a communication channel but also a sensing channel, which is the wireless channel through which the sensing signal passes. In other words, the ISAC channel refers to the final channel that includes both the communication channel and the sensing channel.

[0039] Communication channels refer to traditional wireless communication channels, whose multipath propagation is caused by the propagation environment.

[0040] A sensing channel refers to a channel solely composed of multipath clusters caused by a sensing target. These multipath clusters are formed by reflection multipaths resulting from the sensing target.

[0041] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, the multipath cluster and the term "cluster" are the same concept, which is a set of sub-paths with similar values ​​for multipath parameters (generally time delay, angle, etc.). The sub-path is the smallest granularity of the multipath that the measuring device can distinguish.

[0042] In this embodiment of the application, the sensing target may also be referred to as the measurement target, the measurement reflector, or the reflector.

[0043] In this embodiment, the transmitting array is an antenna array connected to a sounding signal transmitter (such as a vector signal generator), and can be a planar array. The receiving array is an antenna array connected to a sounding signal receiver (such as a vector signal analyzer), and can also be a planar array.

[0044] The processing method, apparatus, communication device, and readable storage medium provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through some embodiments and application scenarios.

[0045] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a processing method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method is executed by a communication device, which can be a terminal or a server on the network side, etc., and is not limited thereto. Figure 2 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0046] Step 21: The communication device acquires the reflection multipath parameters of the target in the ISAC channel.

[0047] Optionally, the multipath parameters of the sensed target in the aforementioned ISAC channel may include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following: multipath complex amplitude, time delay, azimuth of departure (AOD), elevation of departure (EOD), azimuth of arrival (AOA), and elevation of arrival (EOA). The multipath complex amplitude may include both amplitude and phase information.

[0048] Step 22: The communication equipment clusters the reflection multipath parameters to obtain clustering results under different transmit and receive positions and / or different rotation angles of the sensing target.

[0049] When clustering the reflection multipath parameters, clustering algorithms such as KPowerMeans for multipath cluster identification can be used, and there are no restrictions on this.

[0050] The aforementioned transmit and receive positions specifically refer to the composition of the transmitting and receiving array positions during ISAC channel measurements, i.e., when the reflection multipath parameters of the target being sensed in the ISAC channel are measured. The aforementioned target rotation angle specifically refers to the rotation angle of the target being sensed (i.e., the measurement target) during ISAC channel measurements, i.e., when the reflection multipath parameters of the target being sensed in the ISAC channel are measured.

[0051] Step 23: Based on the clustering results, the communication device performs statistical modeling of the multipath clusters of the sensing target to obtain a statistical model of the multipath clusters of the sensing target.

[0052] It should be noted that the above statistical modeling of the multipath clusters of the sensing target can be understood as: statistical analysis of the multipath cluster parameters of the sensing target.

[0053] Step 24: The communication equipment processes the data according to the multipath cluster statistical model.

[0054] Optionally, when processing based on the obtained multipath cluster statistical model, environmental parameters and the geometric coordinates of the sensed target can be input into the multipath cluster statistical model to obtain the channel response of the corresponding ISAC channel, such as cluster delay spread, cluster departure azimuth spread, etc. The environmental parameters refer to the parameters of the environment of the sensed target.

[0055] The processing method of this application, after obtaining the reflection multipath parameters of the sensing target in the ISAC channel, can cluster the reflection multipath parameters to obtain clustering results under different transmit / receive positions and / or different rotation angles of the sensing target. Based on the clustering results, statistical modeling of the multipath clusters of the sensing target is performed to obtain a statistical model of the multipath clusters of the sensing target. Processing is then performed according to this statistical model. Therefore, modeling of the sensing target in the ISAC channel can be achieved, which is beneficial for further exploring the sensing channel characteristics in the ISAC channel.

[0056] Optionally, the above statistical modeling of the multipath clusters of the perceived target may include at least one of the following:

[0057] For each combination of transmit and receive positions in the measurement of the ISAC channel, the communication device calculates the mean and / or standard deviation of the first multipath cluster parameters based on the rotation angles of all sensed targets.

[0058] The communication device calculates the statistical average of the mean values ​​of the first multipath cluster parameters based on the combination of all transmit and receive positions and the rotation angles of all sensed targets measured in the ISAC channel.

[0059] The communication device calculates the statistical average of the standard deviation of the first multipath cluster parameters based on the combination of all transmit and receive positions and all the rotation angles of the sensed targets in the measurement of the ISAC channel.

[0060] Optionally, the first multipath cluster parameter may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: number of clusters, number of sub-paths within a cluster.

[0061] Optionally, the above statistical modeling of the multipath clusters of the perceived target may include:

[0062] The communication device calculates the statistical distribution of the second multipath cluster parameters based on the combination of all transmit and receive positions and all rotation angles of the sensed targets measured in the ISAC channel.

[0063] Optionally, the second multipath cluster parameter may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: cluster delay spread, cluster departure azimuth spread, cluster departure elevation spread, cluster arrival azimuth spread, cluster arrival elevation spread, cluster reflection loss, sub-path reflection loss, delay spread, departure azimuth spread, departure elevation spread, arrival azimuth spread, arrival elevation spread, and sub-path polarization crossover ratio.

[0064] The multipath cluster parameters of the sensing target are explained in detail below.

[0065] 1) Cluster Number, also known as Path Number, reflects the average number of reflection clusters (paths) caused by a single sensing target under different combinations of transmit (Tx) and receive (Rx) positions.

[0066] Optionally, for the number of clusters, the average number of clusters can be calculated for each combination of transmit and receive positions in the ISAC channel measurement, i.e., any combination of Tx and Rx positions, based on the rotation angles of all sensing targets (measurement targets). This calculated average number of clusters is a list; that is, each combination of Tx and Rx positions yields an average number of clusters, and the list length is the number of Tx and Rx position combinations in the ISAC channel measurement. If the average number of clusters for unmeasured Tx-sensing target-Rx angle combinations is needed, the average of the average number of clusters for two adjacent consecutive Tx-sensing target-Rx angle combinations can be used.

[0067] The Tx-sensing target-Rx angle combination can be understood as: the angle combination from the transmitting array to the sensing target and then to the receiving array.

[0068] For example, for a certain combination of Tx and Rx positions, assuming there are a total of 72 possible rotation angles for all the sensed targets, the number of corresponding clusters is C. i If i = 1, ..., 72, then the average number of clusters corresponding to the combination of Tx and Rx positions is:

[0069] Optionally, to reduce model complexity, the statistical average of the number of clusters can be calculated based on the combination of all transmit and receive positions and all rotation angles of the sensing targets in the measurement of the ISAC channel, and this statistical average can be used as the unique fixed value for the number of clusters.

[0070] 2) Standard deviation of cluster number (STD of cluster number), also known as the standard deviation of cluster number, reflects the fluctuation characteristics of the number of clusters of a single sensing target under different combinations of Tx and Rx positions.

[0071] Optionally, the standard deviation of the cluster count can be calculated for each combination of transmit and receive positions in the ISAC channel measurement, i.e., any combination of Tx and Rx positions, based on all the rotation angles of the sensing targets. This calculated standard deviation of the cluster count is a list; that is, each combination of Tx and Rx positions yields a standard deviation of the cluster count, and the list length is the number of combinations of Tx and Rx positions in the ISAC channel measurement. If the standard deviation of the cluster count for unmeasured Tx-sensing target-Rx angle combinations is needed, the average of the two standard deviations of the cluster count for adjacent consecutive Tx-sensing target-Rx angle combinations can be used.

[0072] Optionally, to reduce model complexity, the statistical average of the standard deviation of the number of clusters can be calculated based on the combination of all transmit and receive positions and the rotation angle of all sensed targets in the measurement of the ISAC channel, and this statistical average can be used as the unique fixed value of the standard deviation of the number of clusters.

[0073] It should be noted that the standard deviation of the number of clusters is an optional parameter. When this parameter is not used in modeling, the number of clusters is fixed for a specific sensing target in the corresponding ISAC scenario, that is, the value of this parameter is 0.

[0074] 3) Subpath Number: This parameter reflects the average number of subpaths within the reflection cluster (reflection path) caused by the perceived target under different combinations of Tx and Rx positions.

[0075] Optionally, for the number of sub-diameters within a cluster, the average number of sub-diameters within a cluster can be calculated for each combination of transmit and receive positions in the ISAC channel measurement, i.e., any combination of Tx and Rx positions, based on the rotation angles of all sensed targets. This calculated average number of sub-diameters within a cluster is a list; that is, each combination of Tx and Rx positions yields an average number of sub-diameters within a cluster, and the length of the list is the number of combinations of Tx and Rx positions in the ISAC channel measurement. If the average number of sub-diameters within a cluster for unmeasured Tx-sensed target-Rx angle combinations is required, the average of the average number of sub-diameters within a cluster for two adjacent consecutive Tx-sensed target-Rx angle combinations can be used.

[0076] Optionally, to reduce model complexity, the statistical average of the number of sub-paths within a cluster can be calculated based on the combination of all transmit and receive positions and all rotation angles of the sensing targets in the ISAC channel measurement, and this statistical average can be used as the unique fixed value of the number of sub-paths within a cluster.

[0077] 4) Standard deviation of subpath number (STD), also known as the standard deviation of subpath number within a cluster, reflects the fluctuation characteristics of the number of subpaths within a cluster under different combinations of Tx and Rx positions.

[0078] Optionally, the standard deviation of the number of sub-cluster diameters can be calculated for each combination of transmit and receive positions in the ISAC channel measurement, i.e., any combination of Tx and Rx positions, based on all the rotation angles of the sensing targets. This calculated standard deviation of the number of sub-cluster diameters is a list; that is, each combination of Tx and Rx positions yields one standard deviation of the number of sub-cluster diameters, and the length of the list is the number of combinations of Tx and Rx positions in the ISAC channel measurement. If the standard deviation of the number of sub-cluster diameters for unmeasured Tx-sensing target-Rx angle combinations is required, the average of the two standard deviations of the number of sub-cluster diameters for adjacent consecutive Tx-sensing target-Rx angle combinations can be used.

[0079] Optionally, to reduce model complexity, the statistical average of the standard deviation of the number of sub-paths within the cluster can be calculated based on the combination of all transmit and receive positions and all rotation angles of the sensing targets in the ISAC channel measurement, and this statistical average can be used as the unique fixed value of the standard deviation of the number of sub-paths within the cluster.

[0080] It should be noted that the standard deviation of the number of sub-paths within a cluster is an optional parameter. When this parameter is not used in modeling, the number of sub-paths within a cluster is fixed for a specific sensing target in the corresponding ISAC scenario, that is, the value of this parameter is 0.

[0081] 5) Cluster Delay Spread: This parameter reflects the intra-cluster sub-path delay dispersion characteristics under different combinations of Tx and Rx positions.

[0082] Optionally, for cluster delay spread, the statistical distribution of cluster delay spread can be calculated based on the combination of all transmit and receive positions in the measurement of the ISAC channel and all the rotation angles of the sensing targets.

[0083] It should be noted that this parameter generally follows a log-normal distribution, or a normal distribution, or a uniform distribution, etc. If a suitable random distribution cannot be found, the statistical mean of this parameter can be calculated as its unique value.

[0084] 6) Cluster Azimuth Spread of Departure: This parameter reflects the angular dispersion characteristics of sub-cluster diameters on the Tx side under different combinations of Tx and Rx positions.

[0085] Optionally, for cluster departure azimuth spread, the statistical distribution of cluster departure azimuth spread can be calculated based on the combination of all transmit and receive positions and all sensing target rotation angles in the ISAC channel measurement.

[0086] It should be noted that this parameter generally follows a normal distribution, a Laplace distribution, or a uniform distribution, etc. If a suitable random distribution cannot be found, the statistical mean of this parameter can be calculated as its unique value.

[0087] 7) Cluster Elevation Spread of Departure: This parameter reflects the angular dispersion characteristics of sub-cluster diameters on the Tx side under different combinations of Tx and Rx positions.

[0088] Optionally, for cluster-away pitch spread, the statistical distribution of cluster-away pitch spread can be calculated based on the combination of all transmit and receive positions and all sensing target rotation angles in the ISAC channel measurements.

[0089] It should be noted that this parameter generally follows a normal distribution, a Laplace distribution, or a uniform distribution, etc. If a suitable random distribution cannot be found, the statistical mean of this parameter can be calculated as its unique value.

[0090] 8) Cluster Azimuth Spread of Arrival: This parameter reflects the angular dispersion characteristics of sub-cluster diameters on the Rx side under different combinations of Tx and Rx positions.

[0091] Optionally, for cluster arrival azimuth spread, the statistical distribution of cluster arrival azimuth spread can be calculated based on the combination of all transmit and receive positions and all sensing target rotation angles in the ISAC channel measurement.

[0092] It should be noted that this parameter generally follows a normal distribution, a Laplace distribution, or a uniform distribution, etc. If a suitable random distribution cannot be found, the statistical mean of this parameter can be calculated as its unique value.

[0093] 9) Cluster Elevation Spread of Arrival: This parameter reflects the angular dispersion characteristics of sub-cluster diameters on the Rx side under different combinations of Tx and Rx positions.

[0094] Optionally, for cluster arrival pitch angle spread, the statistical distribution of cluster arrival pitch angle spread can be calculated based on the combination of all transmit and receive positions and all sensing target rotation angles in the ISAC channel measurement.

[0095] It should be noted that this parameter generally follows a normal distribution, a Laplace distribution, or a uniform distribution, etc. If a suitable random distribution cannot be found, the statistical mean of this parameter can be calculated as its unique value.

[0096] 10) Cluster Reflection Loss: This parameter reflects the reflection loss of the target's reflective clusters.

[0097] Optionally, for cluster reflection loss, the statistical distribution of cluster reflection loss and cluster path loss can be calculated based on the combination of all transmit and receive positions and all sensing target rotation angles in the measurement of the ISAC channel.

[0098] It should be noted that this parameter generally follows a normal distribution, a Laplace distribution, or a uniform distribution, etc. If a suitable random distribution cannot be found, the statistical mean and standard deviation of this parameter can be calculated, and a normal distribution can be used for modeling.

[0099] Furthermore, assuming the path loss model is known, for example, based on actual measurements or existing standardized path loss models or free space path loss models, the path loss of the reflection cluster of the sensing target can be obtained, and the cluster reflection loss of the sensing target can be obtained based on this.

[0100] 11) Subpath Reflection Loss: This parameter is suitable for use when it is necessary to model the reflection loss of each subpath separately, and is an optional parameter.

[0101] Optionally, for sub-path reflection loss, the statistical distribution of sub-path reflection loss can be calculated based on the combination of all transmit and receive positions and all sensing target rotation angles in the measurement of the ISAC channel.

[0102] It should be noted that this parameter generally follows a normal distribution, a Laplace distribution, or a uniform distribution, etc. If a suitable random distribution cannot be found, the value of this parameter can be equal to the cluster power divided by the number of sub-diameters within the cluster.

[0103] Furthermore, assuming the path loss model is known, for example, based on actual measurements or existing standardized path loss models or free space path loss models, the path loss of the reflection sub-path of the sensing target can be obtained, and the sub-path reflection loss of the sensing target can be obtained based on this.

[0104] 12) Delay spread: This parameter corresponds to the sensing channel and is the overall delay spread of the sensing target's reflection path channel.

[0105] Optionally, for delay spread, the statistical distribution of delay spread can be calculated based on the combination of all transmit and receive positions in the measurement of the ISAC channel and all the rotation angles of the sensing targets.

[0106] It should be noted that this parameter generally follows a log-normal distribution, or a normal distribution, or a uniform distribution, etc. If a suitable random distribution cannot be found, the statistical mean of this parameter can be calculated as its unique fixed value.

[0107] 13) Departure azimuth extension, this parameter corresponds to the sensing channel and is the overall angular dispersion characteristic of the sensing target's reflection path channel Tx side.

[0108] Optionally, for the departure azimuth spread, the statistical distribution of the departure azimuth spread can be calculated based on the combination of all transmit and receive positions and all sensing target rotation angles in the ISAC channel measurements.

[0109] It should be noted that this parameter generally follows a log-normal distribution, or a normal distribution, or a uniform distribution, etc. If a suitable random distribution cannot be found, the statistical mean of this parameter can be calculated as its unique fixed value.

[0110] 14) Exit pitch angle extension, this parameter corresponds to the sensing channel and is the overall angular dispersion characteristic of the sensing target reflection path channel Tx side.

[0111] Optionally, for the leave pitch spread, the statistical distribution of the leave pitch spread can be calculated based on the combination of all transmit and receive positions and all sensing target rotation angles in the ISAC channel measurements.

[0112] It should be noted that this parameter generally follows a normal distribution, a Laplace distribution, or a uniform distribution, etc. If a suitable random distribution cannot be found, the statistical mean of this parameter can be calculated as its unique fixed value.

[0113] 15) Angular spread of arrival, this parameter corresponds to the sensing channel and is the overall angular dispersion characteristic of the sensing target's reflection path channel Rx side.

[0114] Optionally, for the angle of arrival azimuth spread, the statistical distribution of the angle of arrival azimuth spread can be calculated based on the combination of all transmit and receive positions in the ISAC channel measurement and all the rotation angles of the sensed targets.

[0115] It should be noted that this parameter generally follows a log-normal distribution, or a normal distribution, or a uniform distribution, etc. If a suitable random distribution cannot be found, the statistical mean of this parameter can be calculated as its unique fixed value.

[0116] 16) The elevation angle spread is reached. This parameter corresponds to the sensing channel and is the overall angular dispersion characteristic of the sensing target's reflection path channel Rx side.

[0117] Optionally, for the arrival pitch spread, the statistical distribution of the arrival pitch spread can be calculated based on the combination of all transmit and receive positions in the ISAC channel measurement and all the rotation angles of the sensed targets.

[0118] It should be noted that this parameter generally follows a normal distribution, a Laplace distribution, or a uniform distribution, etc. If a suitable random distribution cannot be found, the statistical mean of this parameter can be calculated as its unique fixed value.

[0119] 17) Subpath Cross-Polarization Discrimination Ratio: This parameter needs to be obtained under the condition that the measurement antenna array is a dual-polarized element. This parameter reflects the energy ratio of the two polarized electromagnetic waves on the subpath.

[0120] Optionally, the statistical distribution of the sub-path polarization crossover ratio can be calculated based on all combinations of transmit and receive positions and all rotation angles of the sensing targets in the measurement of the ISAC channel.

[0121] It should be noted that this parameter generally follows a normal distribution, a Laplace distribution, or a uniform distribution, etc. If a suitable random distribution cannot be found, the statistical mean of this parameter can be calculated as its unique fixed value.

[0122] It should be noted that the range of the statistical sample may vary depending on the actual measurement results. Based on the actual measurement results, the above parameters can be modeled using a normal distribution, a log-normal distribution, a Laplace distribution, or a uniform distribution, etc. Cross-correlation modeling among the above parameters can also be performed based on the actual measurement results.

[0123] Optionally, in this embodiment of the application, the channel-related parameters sensed in the ISAC channel may include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following:

[0124] 18) Average delay: This parameter describes the average delay of all reflection clusters caused by a single sensing target. Based on this parameter and the (sensing channel) delay spread, the delay of each multipath cluster of a single sensing target can be obtained. This parameter can be deterministically generated from the geometric location of the sensing target in the ISAC channel model.

[0125] 19) Average departure azimuth: This parameter describes the average departure azimuth of all reflection clusters caused by a single sensed target. Based on this parameter and the (sense channel) departure azimuth extension, the departure azimuths of each multipath cluster of a single sensed target can be obtained. This parameter can be deterministically generated from the geometric position of the sensed target in the ISAC channel model.

[0126] 20) Average Leave-Up Angle: This parameter describes the average leave-up angle of all reflection clusters caused by a single sensed target. Based on this parameter and the (sense channel) leave-up angle extension, the leave-up angles of each multipath cluster for a single sensed target can be obtained. This parameter can be deterministically generated from the geometric position of the sensed target in the ISAC channel model.

[0127] 21) Average Azimuth of Arrival (AHA): This parameter describes the average elevation angle of arrival (AHA) of all reflection clusters caused by a single sensed target. Based on this parameter and the elevation angle spread (of the sensed channel), the elevation angles of arrival (AHA) of each multipath cluster of a single sensed target can be obtained. This parameter can be deterministically generated from the geometric position of the sensed target in the ISAC channel model.

[0128] 22) Average Elevation Arrival: This parameter describes the average elevation arrival of all reflection clusters caused by a single sensed target. Based on this parameter and the (sense channel) elevation arrival extension, the elevation arrival of each multipath cluster for a single sensed target can be obtained. This parameter can be deterministically generated from the geometric location of the sensed target in the ISAC channel model.

[0129] In this embodiment, an ISAC channel model can be constructed based on the aforementioned statistical model of the multipath cluster of the sensing target. The ISAC channel model can continue to use existing stochastic models (also known as statistical models) or other mainstream stochastic models, such as the COST 2100 model, etc., without limitation. For the sensing channel, some model parameters can be determined based on the given geometric parameters of the sensing target, such as the average delay of the sensing target's reflection path, the path loss of the reflection path, the average departure azimuth angle, departure elevation angle, arrival azimuth angle, and arrival elevation angle of the reflection path.

[0130] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3A schematic diagram of the ISAC channel modeling process in an embodiment of this application is provided. The specific modeling process can include at least the following steps: S1, setting the scenario, network layout, and antenna parameters; S2, assigning propagation conditions, such as non-line-of-sight (NLOS) / line-of-sight (LOS); S3, calculating path loss; S4, generating correlated large-scale parameters, such as DS, AS, SF, and K-factor; S5, generating delays; S6, generating cluster powers; S7, generating arrival and departure angles; S8, performing random coupling of rays; S9, generating XPRs; S10, generating random initial phases; S11, generating channel coefficients; and S12, applying path loss and shadow fading. (shadowing).

[0131] Assume the number of multipath clusters (also known as cluster number, path number, or multipath number) in the ISAC channel is N, and the number of sub-paths within a cluster is M; the power of the nth multipath cluster (which is divided into two parts: cluster path loss and cluster reflection loss) is P. n F rx,u,θ , F tx,s,θ , These are the antenna responses (patterns) for receiving antenna u with vertical polarization, receiving antenna u with horizontal polarization, transmitting antenna s with vertical polarization, and transmitting antenna s with horizontal polarization, respectively. These are the AOD, EOD, AOA, and EOA of the m-th sub-path of the n-th multipath cluster, respectively; κ n,m The polarization crossover ratio of the m-th sub-path of the n-th multipath cluster; These are the vertical-vertical, vertical-horizontal, horizontal-vertical, and horizontal-horizontal phase deflections of the mth sub-path of the nth multipath cluster, respectively, also known as the initial phase of the sub-path. These are the unit vectors of the receiving array and the transmitting array along the m-th sub-path direction of the n-th multipath cluster, respectively. Let λ0 be the antenna element position vectors of the receiving antenna u and the transmitting antenna s, respectively; λ0 is the signal wavelength, and τ is the signal wavelength. n Let f be the time delay of the nth cluster; and let f and t be the frequency and time, respectively. Then the channel model from the transmitting antenna s to the receiving antenna u can be expressed as:

[0132]

[0133] This assumes that the sub-path power and delay are equal within each multipath cluster. Alternatively, if the sub-path power and delay are not equal within each multipath cluster, the channel model can be expressed as:

[0134]

[0135] Among them, P n,m Let τ be the power of the m-th sub-path of the n-th multipath cluster, which is split into two parts: sub-path path loss and sub-path reflection loss. n,m Let m be the time delay of the mth sub-path of the nth multipath cluster.

[0136] As can be seen from the above formula, the key to the ISAC channel model lies in modeling the multipath clusters of the sensing target and incorporating the parameters of these multipath clusters into the ISAC channel model. In this embodiment, large-scale parameters of the communication channel can be generated based on a stochastic model, mainly considering that current stochastic model parameters are primarily obtained from channel measurements under static conditions. For the sensing target, a corresponding sensing channel is additionally generated and superimposed on the stochastic channel. Some parameters of the sensing channel are obtained from the statistical model of the multipath clusters of the sensing target, while others are determined from the geometric coordinates of the sensing target.

[0137] Specifically, targeting Figure 3 The modeling process shown can perform at least one of the following when adding the multipath cluster of the sensing target to the ISAC channel model: in S3, generate the path loss at the sensing target; in S4, the impact of the sensing target does not need to be considered (mainly because existing channel measurement results generally do not consider the impact of sensing targets and environmental changes); in S5, determine the time delay based on the location of the sensing target; in S6, determine the power based on the path loss at the sensing target and the statistical model of the multipath cluster of the sensing target; in S7, determine the arrival and departure angles based on the location of the sensing target and the statistical model of the multipath cluster of the sensing target; in S8, consider the possibility that the sensing target may block the environmental multipath and perform fusion processing on the environmental multipath cluster and the sensing target reflection cluster; in S9, determine the cross-polarization ratio (XPRs) based on the statistical model of the multipath cluster of the sensing target; and in S10, consider the continuous change of the sensing target reflection path and perform drifting modeling on the parameters of each sub-path within its multipath cluster.

[0138] Optionally, the construction process of the ISAC channel model in this embodiment may include: first, the communication device performs a first operation; then, the communication device constructs the ISAC channel model based on the result obtained from performing the first operation.

[0139] The first operation described above may include at least one of the following:

[0140] a) Based on the statistical model of multipath clusters of the sensed target, determine the number of clusters and the number of sub-paths within each cluster of the sensed target at the current time; where the sensed target has given geometric coordinates;

[0141] b) Based on the pre-built path loss model, generate the path loss of the multipath cluster of the sensing target and the path loss of the sub-paths within the multipath cluster.

[0142] c) Generate the average delay of the sensing channel in the ISAC channel based on the geometric coordinates of the sensing target; this generation process can be performed simultaneously with the generation of the environmental multipath cluster delay.

[0143] d) Generate the power of the multipath cluster of the sensed target based on the path loss and reflection loss of the multipath cluster; this generation process can be performed simultaneously with the generation of the environmental multipath cluster power.

[0144] e) Generate the power of the multipath cluster sub-path of the sensing target based on the path loss and sub-path reflection loss of the multipath cluster sub-path of the sensing target.

[0145] f) Determine the delay of each multipath cluster of the sensing target based on the power, delay spread, and average delay of the multipath clusters in the sensing channel in the ISAC channel.

[0146] g) Determine the time delay of each sub-path within the multipath cluster based on the power of the sub-paths of the multipath cluster and the cluster time delay spread of the sensing target;

[0147] h) Based on the geometric coordinates of the sensed target, generate the average departure azimuth, average departure elevation, average arrival azimuth, and average arrival elevation of the sensed channel in the ISAC channel; this generation process can be performed simultaneously with generating the departure angle (including azimuth and elevation) and arrival angle (including azimuth and elevation) of the environmental multipath cluster.

[0148] i) Determine the azimuth and elevation angles of each multipath cluster of the sensing target based on the azimuth spread, elevation spread, average azimuth and average elevation angle of the sensing channel in the ISAC channel, and the power of the multipath cluster of the sensing target.

[0149] j) Based on the azimuth spread, elevation spread, average azimuth and average elevation of the sensing channel in the ISAC channel, and the power of the multipath cluster of the sensing target, determine the azimuth and elevation of each multipath cluster of the sensing target.

[0150] k) Determine the sub-path angles within each multipath cluster based on at least one of the following for each multipath cluster of the sensing target: departure azimuth, departure pitch, arrival azimuth, arrival pitch, departure azimuth extension, cluster departure pitch extension, cluster arrival azimuth extension, cluster arrival pitch extension, and sub-path power within the cluster.

[0151] Thus, by using the results determined or generated by a) to k) above to construct the ISAC channel model, the multipath cluster parameters of the sensing target can be added to the ISAC channel model, thereby accurately characterizing the ISAC channel model.

[0152] It should be noted that the meaning of the parameters in a) to k) above can be found in the parameter descriptions in 1) to 22) above, and will not be repeated here.

[0153] Optionally, to balance modeling accuracy and low complexity, at least one of the following conditions must be met when constructing an ISAC channel model:

[0154] If a dual-polarized antenna array is used in the measurement of multipath clusters of reflectors, the sub-path power of the two polarizations is determined based on the measured sub-path polarization crossover ratio of the sensing target.

[0155] If the environmental multipath clusters generated in the ISAC channel measurement are geometrically close to the multipath clusters of the sensing target, the environmental multipath clusters and the multipath clusters of the sensing target are fused together.

[0156] If the geometric position of the multipath cluster of the sensed target changes continuously, drifting modeling is performed on the parameters of each sub-path within the multipath cluster. This drifting modeling can take into account the continuous change of the reflection path of the reflector, which leads to the continuous change of multipath parameters such as phase, time delay, and angle.

[0157] The initial phase of the sub-paths within the multipath cluster of the target sensed by the ISAC channel follows a uniform distribution in [0 2π].

[0158] It should be noted that, considering the workload of measurement, model complexity, and actual physical factors, some reasonable simplification assumptions are included when measuring the ISAC channel to obtain the reflection multipath parameters of the sensing target used for modeling, as shown below:

[0159] ①The case of non-line of sight (NLOS) between the sensing / sensing integrated signal transmitter and the sensing target is not considered for the time being;

[0160] ②The NLOS situation between the sensing target and the sensing / sensing integrated signal receiver is not considered for the time being;

[0161] ③ We will temporarily disregard the case where the reflection path of the perceived target has multiple hops, that is, we will temporarily disregard the multi-order reflection path of the perceived target;

[0162] ④ For now, we only consider the case where the perceived target is at least at line of sight (LOS) for either Tx or Rx.

[0163] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the measurement process of the ISAC channel in this application, namely the process of measuring the reflection multipath parameters of the sensing target of the ISAC channel, will be described in detail below.

[0164] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a measurement method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method is executed by a measuring device, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0165] Step 41: The measuring device uses the first measurement method to measure the ISAC channel and obtain measurement data.

[0166] In this embodiment, the first measurement method can be set based on actual test requirements and is not limited thereto. Measuring the ISAC channel can also be called sounding the ISAC channel, and the receiver stores the received signal data.

[0167] Step 42: The measuring equipment processes the measurement data to obtain the reflection multipath parameters of the sensing target in the ISAC channel.

[0168] Understandably, the reflection multipath parameters obtained in step 42 can be used as the reflection multipath parameters of the sensing target of the ISAC channel obtained in step 21 above.

[0169] Considering that the ISAC channel is a wireless channel between the transmitter and the receiver, the position, height, and other measurements of the transmitting array (Tx array) and / or receiving array (Rx array) affect the ISAC channel. Therefore, when setting the first measurement method, it can be based on the relevant information of the transmitting array and / or receiving array.

[0170] Optionally, the first measurement method may include at least one of the following:

[0171] 1) Fix the transmitting array at the first measurement point and sequentially change the measurement point of the receiving array around the sensing target; or fix the receiving array at the second measurement point and sequentially change the measurement point of the transmitting array around the sensing target. This allows obtaining the reflection multipath parameters of the sensing target at different observation angles, thereby acquiring the statistical characteristics of the reflection path of the sensing target at different observation angles, including the power fading characteristics, angular spread, and time delay spread characteristics of the reflection path.

[0172] Optionally, the first measurement point is a pre-selected fixed point. In some embodiments, the transmitting array can be placed at the pre-selected fixed point, and the receiving array can be rotated 360° around the sensing target.

[0173] Optionally, the second measurement point is a pre-selected fixed point. In some embodiments, the receiving array can be placed at the pre-selected fixed point, and the transmitting array can be rotated 360° around the sensing target.

[0174] 2) Interchange the measurement points of the transmit and receive arrays. This allows you to obtain channel data under ISAC channel reciprocity.

[0175] 3) When the transmitting and receiving arrays are placed at a given measurement point, the sensing target is rotated in preset angle steps until it rotates 360°. In this way, the reflection multipath parameters of the sensing target under different orientations can be obtained, thereby acquiring the statistical characteristics of the reflection path of the sensing target under different orientations, including the power fading characteristics of the reflection path, the angular spread of the reflection path, and the time delay spread characteristics.

[0176] Optionally, the above preset angle can be set based on actual test requirements, such as 2° or 5°, and there is no limitation on this.

[0177] 4) Sequentially change the measurement radii of the transmitting array and the sensing target, and / or sequentially change the measurement radii of the receiving array and the sensing target. In this way, the reflection multipath parameters of the sensing target under different measurement radii can be obtained, thereby revealing the dependence of the reflection multipath parameters of the sensing target on the measurement radius.

[0178] It should be noted that the measurement radius between the transmitting array and the sensing target can be understood as the distance between the transmitting array and the sensing target. Similarly, the measurement radius between the receiving array and the sensing target can be understood as the distance between the receiving array and the sensing target.

[0179] The measurement radii of the transmitting array and the sensing target, and the measurement radii of the receiving array and the sensing target, can be the same or different. However, when the receiving array changes its measurement point around the sensing target, the distance between the receiving array and the sensing target must be kept constant; that is, the measurement point of the receiving array must be on a circle centered on the sensing target. Similarly, when the transmitting array changes its measurement point around the sensing target, the distance between the transmitting array and the sensing target must be kept constant; that is, the measurement point of the transmitting array must be on a circle centered on the sensing target.

[0180] 5) Change the height of the transmitting array and / or receiving array sequentially. This allows obtaining the reflection multipath parameters of the target at different transmitting / receiving array heights, thereby revealing the dependence of the target's reflection multipath parameters on the height of the transmitting / receiving arrays.

[0181] For example, see Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 A block diagram of the ISAC channel measurement system in this application embodiment is provided. The measurement target (reflector) can be a common sensing target in the ISAC scenario, such as a human body or a vehicle (e.g., a bicycle, a car). A wideband vector signal generator acts as a transmitter to send a probe signal. This probe signal can be a pseudo-random sequence with good autocorrelation performance or a multi-carrier orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal with a reduced peak-to-average power ratio. Channel estimation between the Tx and Rx arrays can be obtained from the probe signal. A wideband vector signal analyzer acts as a receiver to receive the probe signal after it has passed through the channel under test, and can store and export the received signal data. The offline data processing terminal analyzes the measurement signal data and extracts channel parameters through a series of signal processing algorithms.

[0182] To maintain synchronization between the transmitter and receiver, the broadband vector signal generator and the broadband vector signal analyzer can be connected by cable or fiber optic cable, sharing the same clock source (which can be an external high-precision rubidium clock) located on the transmitter or receiver side. If the distance between the transmitter and receiver is too great, resulting in excessive loss in the synchronization cable or fiber optic cable, high-precision rubidium clocks can be connected to the transmitter and receiver respectively. These rubidium clocks are tamed by a timing synchronization signal from the Global Positioning System (GPS) to maintain synchronization.

[0183] To maintain receiver sampling time synchronization, a trigger signal cable / fiber optic cable can be connected between the transmitter and receiver. This allows the transmitter to send a trigger signal to the receiver to transmit the detection signal. The trigger signal is emitted at the same time as the detection signal, and the receiver can perform data acquisition based on this trigger signal.

[0184] like Figure 5 As shown, the transmitter can use a transmit array combined with a high-speed switch to achieve Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) signal transmission, that is, to transmit the probe signal in the form of Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) to achieve orthogonality of multiple channel signals in the time domain. Similarly, the receiver can also use a receive array combined with a high-speed switch to achieve MIMO signal reception. Optionally, if only the channel characteristics of Single-Input Single-Output (SISO), Single-Input Multiple-Output (SIMO), and Multiple-Input Single-Output (MISO) are of interest, the corresponding transmit / receive array + high-speed switch can be replaced with a single antenna, or the subsequent data processing can select only the data from one of the MIMO antenna channels.

[0185] like Figure 5 As shown, the specific measurement steps may include:

[0186] S1: Fix the Tx array at measurement point #1, place the Rx array at measurement point #1, perform channel sounding, and store the received signal data in the receiver;

[0187] S2: Rotate the target in place by a preset angle step, repeat S1, until the target rotates 360°;

[0188] S3: Place the Rx array at measurement point #2 to perform channel detection, and store the received MIMO signal data in the receiver;

[0189] S4: Rotate the target in place by a preset angle step, repeat S3, until the target rotates 360°;

[0190] S5: Similarly, place the Rx array in sequence at measurement points #3 to #16, rotate the measurement target in place with a preset angle step, perform channel detection, and store the received MIMO signal data in the receiver.

[0191] When measuring at each location, multiple channel samples should be collected continuously to facilitate subsequent data processing, such as noise reduction or improving algorithm performance.

[0192] Before and after steps S1 to S5, background back-to-back measurements are required. This involves directly connecting the transmitter and receiver via an antenna RF cable, or directly connecting them via an antenna RF cable and an RF attenuator, to measure the system response excluding the antenna array. Additionally, the antenna array pattern needs to be measured and obtained in advance.

[0193] Furthermore, during the testing process, due to channel reciprocity, the Tx array and Rx array in S1 to S5 above can be interchanged.

[0194] Optionally, to determine the dependence of the reflection multipath parameters of the sensed target on the measurement radius R, the measurement radius R can be changed, and S1 to S5 above can be repeated. To determine the dependence of the reflection multipath parameters of the sensed target on the height of the Tx / Rx array, the height of the Tx / Rx array can be changed, and S1 to S5 above can be repeated.

[0195] In this embodiment of the application, to ensure measurement performance, the measurement configuration of the ISAC channel-related transmit and receive arrays can satisfy at least one of the following:

[0196] 1) The height of the transmitting array and / or receiving array is determined based on the transmitting antenna or transmitting array in the application scenario to meet the actual needs of signal transmission and reception. And / or, the height of the transmitting array and / or receiving array is determined based on the height of the receiving antenna or receiving array in the application scenario to meet the actual needs of signal transmission and reception.

[0197] For example, in a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) sensing integration scenario, since the communication and sensing are between vehicles, the height of the Tx and Rx arrays is the common height of automotive antennas, such as approximately 1.5-2.0m. In a vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) sensing integration scenario, since the communication and sensing are between vehicles and roadside units, the height of the Tx and Rx arrays is the height of the roadside unit, such as approximately 5-15m.

[0198] 2) The aperture of the transmitting array and / or receiving array is determined based on the aperture of the transmitting array in the application scenario to meet the actual needs of signal transmission and reception. And / or, the aperture of the transmitting array and / or receiving array is determined based on the aperture of the receiving array in the application scenario to meet the actual needs of signal transmission and reception.

[0199] 3) The transmit array and / or receive array employ dual-polarized antennas to obtain the polarization characteristics of the ISAC channel.

[0200] 4) The minimum measurement radius is related to the aperture of the transmitting array and / or receiving array; wherein, the minimum measurement radius is the minimum distance from the transmitting array to the sensing target, or the minimum measurement radius is the minimum distance from the receiving array to the sensing target. In this way, the minimum measurement radius can be used to ensure that the channel measurement meets the far-field condition.

[0201] Optionally, the minimum measurement radius mentioned above can be determined based on the Rayleigh distance formula. The minimum measurement radius can be R... min The following conditions must be met:

[0202]

[0203] Among them, L tx L represents the aperture of the transmitting array. rx The aperture of the receiving array is represented by λ, and the carrier wavelength of the measured signal is λ.

[0204] In addition to the above-mentioned measurement configuration, to ensure measurement effectiveness, the measurement configuration involved in this application embodiment may also include at least one of the following:

[0205] 5) Test Scenario: An open and flat outdoor environment or a large indoor microwave anechoic chamber can be selected. The purpose of selecting such a test scenario includes at least: i. eliminating environmental clutter; ii. meeting far-field conditions; iii. ensuring that AOA and AOD are approximately equal when transmitting and receiving from the same location.

[0206] 6) Transceiver antenna array type: Both the transmitting and receiving arrays adopt area arrays combined with high-speed switching. The area array can use dipole antennas with patches to ensure low back-radiation gain.

[0207] 7) Channel measurement equipment: A broadband vector signal generator is used at the transmitting end, and a vector signal analyzer is used at the receiving end. The two are connected by clock synchronization and test trigger signal cables. The synchronization and trigger signal cables can be coaxial cables or optical fibers.

[0208] 8) Other configuration 1: Configure the measurement carrier frequency, measurement bandwidth, subcarrier spacing, etc. according to the model application scenario.

[0209] 9) Other configuration 2: Ensure R ≥ R within the measurement radius. min In this case, determine the transmit power of the transmitter to ensure that the receiver has a good signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and dynamic range.

[0210] 10) Other configuration 3: Taking into account measurement time, model accuracy requirements, etc., determine the number of measurement points, the rotation angle step of the measurement target, etc.

[0211] Optionally, when processing the measurement data, the measurement device may include the following steps: First, based on the measurement data, calculate the wireless channel response information (also known as the wireless channel response) between the transmitting array and the receiving array; then, extract the reflection multipath parameters of the sensing target from the wireless channel response information.

[0212] In some embodiments, the aforementioned wireless channel response information includes both the response of the wireless channel and the response of the antenna array. For example, the aforementioned wireless channel response information may include frequency domain channel response information.

[0213] For example, assuming the transmitted signal is X(f), the back-to-back measurement has the following condition (1):

[0214] Y ref (f)=X(f)H TX (f)H ref (f)H RX (f) (1)

[0215] Among them, Y ref (f) represents the received signal during back-to-back measurement, H ref (f) represents the response for direct cable transmission, H TX (f) represents the transmitter's transmission response, H RX (f) indicates that the receiver transmits a response.

[0216] Furthermore, when measuring the channel, the following condition (2) applies:

[0217] Y(f)=X(f)H TX (f)H(f)H RX (f) (2)

[0218] Where Y(f) is the received signal during channel measurement, and H(f) represents the wireless channel response.

[0219] Combining conditions (1) and (2), the wireless channel response can be expressed as condition (3):

[0220]

[0221] In some embodiments, after calculating the wireless channel response information between the transmitting and receiving arrays, commonly used high-precision multipath parameter estimation algorithms, such as the SAGE algorithm, ESPRIT algorithm, and MUSIC algorithm, can be used to extract multipath complex amplitudes, delays, departure azimuth angle (AOD), departure elevation angle (EOD), arrival azimuth angle (AOA), and / or arrival elevation angle (EOA) in the environment. The aforementioned multipath complex amplitude can include amplitude and phase information; the square of the modulus yields the multipath power. Furthermore, pre-measured antenna array data is required to correct the antenna response.

[0222] In this embodiment of the application, since reflectors such as the ground and other non-sensing targets may generate some reflection paths during the sensing measurement of the ISAC channel, thus affecting the measurement of the sensing target, after obtaining the measurement data of the ISAC channel, some reflection multipath parameters that do not meet the requirements can be eliminated by determining the multipath retention area of ​​the sensing target.

[0223] Optionally, after obtaining the reflection multipath parameters through measurement, the measuring device can determine the multipath retention area of ​​the sensing target based on the size of the sensing target and the distance between the sensing target and the transmitting array and / or receiving array; then, the parameters of the reflection paths outside the multipath retention area are removed from the obtained reflection multipath parameters, that is, the multipaths outside the multipath retention area are removed to obtain only the reflection paths from the sensing target, thereby accurately obtaining the reflection multipath parameters of the sensing target.

[0224] Optionally, the multipath retention region can be defined as the overlapping region of the first range and the second range; wherein the first range is the maximum departure angle range obtained from the observation of the target from the transmitting side; and the second range is the maximum arrival angle range obtained from the observation of the target from the receiving side. That is, the overlapping region of the maximum departure angle range and the maximum arrival angle range is the multipath retention region.

[0225] Optionally, the propagation delay of the reflection path caused by the perceived target also has a certain range, approximately the propagation time of light at twice the measurement radius. Therefore, when eliminating non-target paths, multipath delay information can be combined to eliminate those multipaths that deviate significantly from the theoretical delay.

[0226] The following is combined with Figure 6 , Figure 7A and Figure 7B The multipath retention region in this embodiment will be explained.

[0227] Figure 6A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the multipath cluster of the measured reflector in this embodiment is provided to facilitate the explanation of the multipath retention region and the removal of non-target paths. Since non-target reflectors, such as the ground, may exist in the environment, the measurement channel includes all multipaths from both target and non-target reflectors. Reflection paths caused by the measured target (sensing target) will only be reflected in… Figure 6 The multipath propagates into the region between the Tx and Rx arrays, respectively. Therefore, based on the measurement radius R, the actual size of the target, and the height of the Tx / Rx arrays, the corresponding maximum departure angle range and maximum arrival angle range can be determined, thereby determining the multipath retention region and the multipath components to be retained. Figure 6 In the diagram, area 1 (boxed area) represents the maximum departure angle range on the Tx side. This means that for multipath signals departing from the transmitting array to reach the measurement target, their departure azimuth angle (AOD) and departure elevation angle (EOD) must fall within area 1. Similarly, the receiving array also has a corresponding maximum arrival angle range. If multipath signals arrive at the receiving array after being reflected from the measurement target, their arrival azimuth angle (AOA) and arrival elevation angle (EOA) must fall within the maximum arrival angle range. Figure 6 In the diagram, elliptical region 2 represents the reflection cluster region caused by the environment.

[0228] Figure 7A and Figure 7B A schematic diagram of non-target paths and multipath retention areas is provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 7A and Figure 7B Boxes 1, 2, and 3 in the diagram represent the maximum departure angle range, the maximum arrival angle range, and the multipath retention area, respectively. Only multipath paths falling within both the maximum departure angle range and the maximum arrival angle range are considered reflection paths caused by the measurement target. Strictly speaking, since the shape of the measurement target is not necessarily regular, the maximum departure angle range and the maximum arrival angle range are within... Figure 7A and Figure 7B The two-dimensional coordinate system shown may not necessarily be a rectangle as depicted in the figure, but should instead represent the target contours along the Tx and Rx observation directions, respectively. To reduce the complexity of data processing, a square region can be used as an approximation of the maximum departure angle range and the maximum arrival angle range.

[0229] It should be noted that the processing method provided in this application embodiment can be executed by a processing device, or by a control module within that processing device for executing the processing method. This application embodiment uses the execution of the processing method by a processing device as an example to illustrate the processing device provided in this application embodiment.

[0230] Please see Figure 8 , Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of a processing device provided in an embodiment of this application, which is applied to a communication device. Figure 8 As shown, the processing device 80 includes:

[0231] The acquisition module 81 is used to acquire the reflection multipath parameters of the sensing target in the ISAC channel;

[0232] The segmentation module 82 is used to cluster the reflection multipath parameters to obtain clustering results under different transmit and receive positions and / or different rotation angles of the sensing target.

[0233] The first construction module 83 is used to perform statistical modeling of the multipath clusters of the sensing target based on the clustering results, so as to obtain a statistical model of the multipath clusters of the sensing target;

[0234] The processing module 84 is used to process the data according to the multipath cluster statistical model.

[0235] Optionally, the processing module 84 is specifically used to: input environmental parameters and the geometric coordinates of the sensed target into the multipath cluster statistical model to obtain the channel response of the corresponding ISAC channel, such as cluster delay spread, cluster departure azimuth spread, etc.

[0236] Optionally, the first building module 83 is configured to perform any of the following:

[0237] For each combination of transmit and receive positions in the measurement of the ISAC channel, the mean and / or standard deviation of the first multipath cluster parameters are calculated based on all the rotation angles of the sensing targets;

[0238] Based on the combination of all transmit and receive positions and all sensing target rotation angles measured in the ISAC channel, the statistical average of the mean values ​​of the first multipath cluster parameters is calculated.

[0239] Based on all combinations of transmit and receive positions and all rotation angles of the sensing targets measured in the ISAC channel, the statistical average of the standard deviation of the first multipath cluster parameters is calculated.

[0240] Optionally, the first multipath cluster parameters include at least one of the following:

[0241] Number of clusters, number of sub-diameters within a cluster.

[0242] Optionally, the first construction module 83 is used to: calculate the statistical distribution of the second multipath cluster parameters based on the combination of all transmit and receive positions and all sensing target rotation angles in the measurement of the ISAC channel.

[0243] Optionally, the second multipath cluster parameters include at least one of the following:

[0244] Cluster delay spread, cluster departure azimuth spread, cluster departure elevation spread, cluster arrival azimuth spread, cluster arrival elevation spread, cluster reflection loss, sub-path reflection loss, delay spread, departure azimuth spread, departure elevation spread, arrival azimuth spread, arrival elevation spread, sub-path polarization crossover ratio.

[0245] Optionally, the processing device 80 further includes:

[0246] The execution module is used to perform the first operation;

[0247] The second construction module is used to construct the ISAC channel model based on the result obtained from performing the first operation;

[0248] The first operation includes at least one of the following:

[0249] Based on the multipath cluster statistical model of the sensing target, determine the number of clusters and the number of sub-paths within each cluster of the sensing target at the current time.

[0250] Based on the pre-built path loss model, the path loss of the multipath cluster of the perceived target and the path loss of the sub-paths within the multipath cluster are generated.

[0251] Based on the geometric coordinates of the sensed target, the average delay of the sensed channel in the ISAC channel is generated;

[0252] The power of the multipath cluster of the sensed target is generated based on the path loss and reflection loss of the multipath cluster of the sensed target.

[0253] The power of the multipath cluster sub-path of the sensing target is generated based on the path loss and sub-path reflection loss of the multipath cluster sub-path of the sensing target.

[0254] The delay of each multipath cluster of the sensing target is determined based on the power, delay spread, and average delay of the multipath clusters in the sensing channel of the ISAC channel.

[0255] The delay of each sub-path within the multipath cluster is determined based on the power of the sub-paths of the multipath cluster and the cluster delay spread of the sensing target.

[0256] Based on the geometric coordinates of the sensed target, the average departure azimuth, average departure elevation, average arrival azimuth, and average arrival elevation of the sensed channel in the ISAC channel are generated.

[0257] Based on the departure azimuth spread, departure elevation spread, average departure azimuth and average departure elevation of the sensing channel in the ISAC channel, and the power of the multipath cluster of the sensing target, the departure azimuth and departure elevation of each multipath cluster of the sensing target are determined.

[0258] Based on the azimuth spread, elevation spread, average azimuth and average elevation of the sensing channel in the ISAC channel, and the power of the multipath cluster of the sensing target, the azimuth and elevation of each multipath cluster of the sensing target are determined.

[0259] The sub-path angles within each multipath cluster are determined based on at least one of the following: departure azimuth, departure pitch, arrival azimuth, arrival pitch, departure azimuth extension, cluster departure pitch extension, cluster arrival azimuth extension, cluster arrival pitch extension, and sub-path power within the cluster.

[0260] Optionally, when constructing the ISAC channel model, at least one of the following conditions must be met:

[0261] If the environmental multipath cluster generated in the measurement of the ISAC channel is close in geometric position to the multipath cluster of the sensing target, the environmental multipath cluster and the multipath cluster of the sensing target are fused.

[0262] If the geometric position of the multipath cluster of the perceived target changes continuously, drifting modeling is performed on the parameters of each sub-path within the multipath cluster.

[0263] The initial phase of the sub-path within the multipath cluster of the sensing target follows a uniform distribution of [0 2π].

[0264] The processing device 80 in this embodiment can be a device, a device or electronic device with an operating system, or a component, integrated circuit, or chip in a terminal. The device or electronic device can be a mobile terminal or a non-mobile terminal. For example, a mobile terminal can include, but is not limited to, the types of terminals 11 listed above, while a non-mobile terminal can be a server, network attached storage (NAS), personal computer (PC), television (TV), ATM, or self-service machine, etc. This embodiment does not impose specific limitations.

[0265] The processing device 80 provided in this application embodiment can achieve... Figure 2 The various processes implemented in the method embodiments achieve the same technical effect, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0266] Optional, such as Figure 9As shown, this application embodiment also provides a communication device 90, including a processor 91, a memory 92, and a program or instructions stored in the memory 92 and executable on the processor 91. When the program or instructions are executed by the processor 91, they implement the various processes of the above-described processing method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0267] This application also provides a readable storage medium storing a program or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the various processes of the above-described processing method embodiments and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0268] The processor mentioned above is the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0269] This application embodiment also provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor. The processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above processing method embodiments and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0270] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-a-chip, etc.

[0271] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0272] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a computer software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, air conditioner, or network-side device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0273] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A processing method, characterized in that, include: The communication equipment acquires the reflection multipath parameters of the sensing target in the ISAC channel of the integrated communication and sensing system; The communication device clusters the reflection multipath parameters to obtain clustering results under different transmit / receive positions and / or different rotation angles of the sensing target; wherein, the transmit / receive position is the combination of the positions of the transmitting array and the receiving array when the reflection multipath parameters are measured; Based on the clustering results, the communication device performs statistical modeling on the multipath clusters of the sensed target to obtain a statistical model of the multipath clusters of the sensed target. The communication device processes data according to the multipath cluster statistical model; The method further includes: The communication device performs the first operation; The communication device constructs an ISAC channel model based on the result obtained from performing the first operation; The first operation includes at least one of the following: Based on the multipath cluster statistical model of the sensing target, determine the number of clusters and the number of sub-paths within each cluster of the sensing target at the current time. Based on the pre-built path loss model, the path loss of the multipath cluster of the perceived target and the path loss of the sub-paths within the multipath cluster are generated. Based on the geometric coordinates of the sensed target, the average delay of the sensed channel in the ISAC channel is generated; The power of the multipath cluster of the sensed target is generated based on the path loss and reflection loss of the multipath cluster of the sensed target. The power of the multipath cluster sub-path of the sensing target is generated based on the path loss and sub-path reflection loss of the multipath cluster sub-path of the sensing target. The delay of each multipath cluster of the sensing target is determined based on the power, delay spread, and average delay of the multipath clusters in the sensing channel of the ISAC channel. The delay of each sub-path within the multipath cluster is determined based on the power of the sub-paths of the multipath cluster and the cluster delay spread of the sensing target. Based on the geometric coordinates of the sensed target, the average departure azimuth, average departure elevation, average arrival azimuth, and average arrival elevation of the sensed channel in the ISAC channel are generated. Based on the departure azimuth spread, departure elevation spread, average departure azimuth and average departure elevation of the sensing channel in the ISAC channel, and the power of the multipath cluster of the sensing target, the departure azimuth and departure elevation of each multipath cluster of the sensing target are determined. Based on the azimuth spread, elevation spread, average azimuth and average elevation of the sensing channel in the ISAC channel, and the power of the multipath cluster of the sensing target, the azimuth and elevation of each multipath cluster of the sensing target are determined. The sub-path angles within each multipath cluster are determined based on at least one of the following: departure azimuth, departure pitch, arrival azimuth, arrival pitch, departure azimuth extension, cluster departure pitch extension, cluster arrival azimuth extension, cluster arrival pitch extension, and sub-path power within the cluster.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the clustering results, statistical modeling is performed on the multipath clusters of the sensed target to obtain a statistical model of the multipath clusters of the sensed target, including at least one of the following: The communication device calculates the mean and / or standard deviation of the first multipath cluster parameters for each combination of transmit and receive positions in the measurement of the ISAC channel, based on the rotation angles of all sensed targets. The communication device calculates the statistical average of the mean of the first multipath cluster parameters based on the combination of all transmit and receive positions measured in the ISAC channel and all the rotation angles of the sensed targets. The communication device calculates the statistical average of the standard deviation of the first multipath cluster parameters based on all combinations of transmit and receive positions and all rotation angles of the sensed targets measured in the ISAC channel.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first multipath cluster parameter includes at least one of the following: Number of clusters, number of sub-diameters within a cluster.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the clustering results, statistical modeling is performed on the multipath clusters of the sensed target to obtain a statistical model of the multipath clusters of the sensed target, including: The communication device calculates the statistical distribution of the second multipath cluster parameters based on the combination of all transmit and receive positions measured in the ISAC channel and all the rotation angles of the sensed targets.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second multipath cluster parameter includes at least one of the following: Cluster delay spread, cluster departure azimuth spread, cluster departure elevation spread, cluster arrival azimuth spread, cluster arrival elevation spread, cluster reflection loss, sub-path reflection loss, delay spread, departure azimuth spread, departure elevation spread, arrival azimuth spread, arrival elevation spread, sub-path polarization crossover ratio.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, For constructing an ISAC channel model, at least one of the following must be satisfied: If the environmental multipath cluster generated in the measurement of the ISAC channel is close in geometric position to the multipath cluster of the sensing target, the environmental multipath cluster and the multipath cluster of the sensing target are fused. If the geometric position of the multipath cluster of the perceived target changes continuously, Drifting modeling is performed on each sub-path within the multipath cluster; The initial phase of the sub-path within the multipath cluster of the sensing target follows a uniform distribution of [0 2π].

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processing based on the multipath cluster statistical model includes: The communication device inputs environmental parameters and the geometric coordinates of the sensed target into the multipath cluster statistical model to obtain the channel response of the ISAC channel.

8. A processing apparatus, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire the reflection multipath parameters of the sensing target in the ISAC channel; The segmentation module is used to cluster the reflection multipath parameters to obtain clustering results under different transmit and receive positions and / or different rotation angles of the sensing target. The first construction module is used to perform statistical modeling of the multipath clusters of the sensing target based on the clustering results, so as to obtain a statistical model of the multipath clusters of the sensing target; The processing module is used to process the data according to the multipath cluster statistical model. The device further includes: The execution module is used to perform the first operation; The second construction module is used to construct the ISAC channel model based on the result obtained from performing the first operation; The first operation includes at least one of the following: Based on the multipath cluster statistical model of the sensing target, determine the number of clusters and the number of sub-paths within each cluster of the sensing target at the current time. Based on the pre-built path loss model, the path loss of the multipath cluster of the perceived target and the path loss of the sub-paths within the multipath cluster are generated. Based on the geometric coordinates of the sensed target, the average delay of the sensed channel in the ISAC channel is generated; The power of the multipath cluster of the sensed target is generated based on the path loss and reflection loss of the multipath cluster of the sensed target. The power of the multipath cluster sub-path of the sensing target is generated based on the path loss and sub-path reflection loss of the multipath cluster sub-path of the sensing target. The delay of each multipath cluster of the sensing target is determined based on the power, delay spread, and average delay of the multipath clusters in the sensing channel of the ISAC channel. The delay of each sub-path within the multipath cluster is determined based on the power of the sub-paths of the multipath cluster and the cluster delay spread of the sensing target. Based on the geometric coordinates of the sensed target, the average departure azimuth, average departure elevation, average arrival azimuth, and average arrival elevation of the sensed channel in the ISAC channel are generated. Based on the departure azimuth spread, departure elevation spread, average departure azimuth and average departure elevation of the sensing channel in the ISAC channel, and the power of the multipath cluster of the sensing target, the departure azimuth and departure elevation of each multipath cluster of the sensing target are determined. Based on the azimuth spread, elevation spread, average azimuth and average elevation of the sensing channel in the ISAC channel, and the power of the multipath cluster of the sensing target, the azimuth and elevation of each multipath cluster of the sensing target are determined. The sub-path angles within each multipath cluster are determined based on at least one of the following: departure azimuth, departure pitch, arrival azimuth, arrival pitch, departure azimuth extension, cluster departure pitch extension, cluster arrival azimuth extension, cluster arrival pitch extension, and sub-path power within the cluster.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first building module is used to perform any of the following: For each combination of transmit and receive positions in the measurement of the ISAC channel, the mean and / or standard deviation of the first multipath cluster parameters are calculated based on all the rotation angles of the sensing targets; Based on the combination of all transmit and receive positions and all sensing target rotation angles measured in the ISAC channel, the statistical average of the mean values ​​of the first multipath cluster parameters is calculated. Based on all combinations of transmit and receive positions and all rotation angles of the sensing targets measured in the ISAC channel, the statistical average of the standard deviation of the first multipath cluster parameters is calculated.

10. The apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first multipath cluster parameter includes at least one of the following: number of clusters, number of sub-paths within a cluster.

11. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first building module is used for: Based on the combination of all transmit and receive positions and all sensing target rotation angles measured in the ISAC channel, the statistical distribution of the second multipath cluster parameters is calculated.

12. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that, The second multipath cluster parameter includes at least one of the following: Cluster delay spread, cluster departure azimuth spread, cluster departure elevation spread, cluster arrival azimuth spread, cluster arrival elevation spread, cluster reflection loss, sub-path reflection loss, delay spread, departure azimuth spread, departure elevation spread, arrival azimuth spread, arrival elevation spread, sub-path polarization crossover ratio.

13. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, When constructing the ISAC channel model, at least one of the following conditions must be met: If the environmental multipath cluster generated in the measurement of the ISAC channel is close in geometric position to the multipath cluster of the sensing target, the environmental multipath cluster and the multipath cluster of the sensing target are fused. If the geometric position of the multipath cluster of the perceived target changes continuously, drifting modeling is performed on the parameters of each sub-path within the multipath cluster. The initial phase of the sub-path within the multipath cluster of the sensing target follows a uniform distribution of [0 2π].

14. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a processor, a memory, and a program or instructions stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the processing method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

15. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, The readable storage medium stores a program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the processing method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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