A buoyancy pendulum wave power generation device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a buoyancy pendulum wave power generation device, comprising a platform, which is connected to the top of a column, a bracket is provided at the bottom of the column, a fixed shaft is fixed to the bottom of the bracket, a pendulum body is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft, and the pendulum body is connected to a power generation component. The device is characterized in that the pendulum body comprises a shell, a plurality of counterweight cylinders are arranged in the shell, a water hole is provided at the end of the counterweight cylinder to achieve water intake and drainage, an air bag is fixed inside the counterweight cylinder, and the air bag is connected to the inflation component and the exhaust component on the platform through a gas pipeline; the plurality of air bags can be inflated and deflated by the inflation component and the exhaust component to achieve adjustment of the mass and center of mass position of the pendulum body, and the power generation device using the present invention has a long maintenance period and a simple structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power generation equipment, and in particular to a buoyancy pendulum type wave power generation device. Background Art

[0002] The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] The resonant buoyancy pendulum wave power generation device has high conversion efficiency, can float or be fixed, can work in shallow waters or deep seas, and is suitable for extensive development and research.

[0004] The frequency of waves is not fixed. The resonant buoyancy pendulum device needs to be equipped with an automatic natural frequency adjustment device to ensure that the natural frequency of the buoyancy pendulum is always consistent with the wave frequency, so that the buoyancy pendulum can absorb wave energy to the maximum extent and ensure that the system has a high power generation efficiency. At the same time, when the wave energy is too large, the natural frequency of the buoyancy pendulum needs to be adjusted to avoid resonance with the waves, reduce the wave energy absorbed by the buoyancy pendulum, and prevent damage to the power generation system. A common natural frequency automatic adjustment solution is to set a metal counterweight and a lifting mechanism in the buoyancy pendulum. There are generally two ways to achieve the lifting function of the counterweight. One method is to use a hydraulic system to adjust the position of the counterweight and change the natural frequency of the buoyancy pendulum. The other method is to use a screw rotation system to adjust the position of the counterweight and change the natural frequency of the buoyancy pendulum.

[0005] Both conventional natural frequency adjustment methods—hydraulic counterweights and screw counterweights—present challenges when applied to buoyant pendulums. The pendulum is constantly in a swinging state, and the hydraulic cylinder and screw must withstand periodic lateral forces, which reduces the device's service life. Both hydraulically and screw-adjustable counterweights require short maintenance cycles, which are difficult to achieve in marine environments. Without long-term maintenance, the reliability of these two devices cannot be guaranteed, and if problems arise, repairs become extremely difficult and expensive. Buoyant pendulums that use hydraulically or screw-adjustable counterweights for natural frequency adjustment are complex and expensive, reducing the reliability and economic viability of wave energy utilization systems. Therefore, in the specific application of wave power generation, common natural frequency adjustment solutions suffer from complex structures, high costs, short service lives, and demanding maintenance requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a buoyancy pendulum wave power generation device that overcomes the defects of hydraulic lifting counterweights and screw lifting counterweights in adjusting the natural frequency.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0008] An embodiment of the present invention provides a buoyancy pendulum wave power generation device, comprising a platform connected to the top of a column, a bracket provided at the bottom of the column, a fixed shaft fixed to the bottom of the bracket, a pendulum body rotatably connected to the fixed shaft, and the pendulum body connected to a power generation assembly. The pendulum body includes a housing, a plurality of counterweight cylinders disposed within the housing, water holes provided at the ends of the counterweight cylinders for water inlet and outlet, an air bag fixed inside the counterweight cylinder, and the air bag connected to an inflation assembly and an air extraction assembly on the platform via a gas pipeline.

[0009] The multiple air bags can be inflated and deflated using an inflation assembly and a vacuum assembly to adjust the mass and center of mass position of the pendulum.

[0010] Optionally, a hose section is provided on the gas pipeline, and the hose section has a spiral structure.

[0011] Optionally, an air vent seat is installed on the outer tube wall of the counterweight cylinder, one end of the air vent seat is connected to the air vent of the airbag, and the other end of the air vent seat is connected to the gas pipeline. The air vent seat is installed with a temperature detection element for detecting the temperature of the gas in the airbag and a pressure detection element for detecting the gas pressure in the airbag.

[0012] Optionally, the temperature detection element and the pressure detection element are both connected to a control cabinet on the platform via cables.

[0013] Optionally, a filter cover is installed at the water hole.

[0014] Optionally, the airbag is fixed to the inner annular surfaces of a plurality of airbag fixing rings arranged along the axial direction of the counterweight cylinder, and the outer annular surfaces of the airbag fixing rings are fixed to the inner cylinder surface of the counterweight cylinder.

[0015] Optionally, the airbag fixing ring is made of a flexible material, and a plurality of rigid tubes distributed along the circumferential direction are embedded in the airbag fixing ring.

[0016] Optionally, the inflation component includes an air compressor, which is connected to the inflation pipeline; the exhaust component includes a vacuum pump, which is connected to the exhaust pipeline; the inflation pipeline and the exhaust pipeline are connected in parallel and then connected to the gas pipeline.

[0017] Optionally, both the inflation pipeline and the exhaust pipeline are installed with a gas mass flow detection element and a one-way valve.

[0018] Optionally, the power generation component includes a gearbox, the input shaft of the gearbox is connected to the shell plate of the pendulum through a flange, the housing of the gearbox is connected to the fixed shaft, the output shaft of the gearbox is connected to the generator through a speed increaser, the speed increaser and the generator are both fixed to the fixed shaft, and the generator is connected to the control cabinet on the platform through a transmission cable.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. The buoyancy pendulum wave power generation device of the present invention has an inflation component and an exhaust component, which can inflate and deflate the air bags in multiple counterweight cylinders in the pendulum body. The volume of the air bags can change when inflating and deflating, thereby realizing the adjustment of the amount of seawater in the counterweight cylinder. By adjusting the inflation and deflation of different air bags, the mass and center of mass of the entire pendulum body can be adjusted, and then the natural frequency of the entire pendulum body can be adjusted, so that the natural frequency of the pendulum body is consistent with the wave frequency, ensuring higher power generation efficiency. Compared with traditional buoyancy pendulum wave power generation devices, there is no need to additionally install complex lifting and rotating structures. The overall structure is simple and the manufacturing cost is low. Moreover, by adopting this method, during the reciprocating swing of the pendulum body, the force conditions of each component are good, the seawater in the counterweight cylinder can maintain stable mass and position, and there is no need to consider problems such as lubrication and mechanical wear. The device has high reliability and a long maintenance cycle, and is suitable for applications under marine conditions.

[0021] 2. The buoyancy pendulum wave power generation device of the present invention has a temperature detection element and a pressure detection element, which can detect the pressure and temperature of the gas in the airbag. The control cabinet can determine whether the airbag needs to be inflated or deflated based on the detected temperature and pressure information combined with the current wave frequency and energy, and then control the operation of the inflation component or the exhaust component. Using simple components and a small amount of power, it automatically completes the adjustment of the mass and center of mass of the buoyancy pendulum, realizes the functions of natural frequency regulation and input energy control, and has a high degree of automation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a top view of the overall structure of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the pendulum body and the bracket in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This invention Figure 3 A local enlarged view of point A in FIG;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a side view of the assembly of the pendulum body and the bracket in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This invention Figure 5 A-direction cross-sectional diagram;

[0029] Figure 7 This invention Figure 6 A local enlarged view of point B in FIG;

[0030] Among them, 1. platform, 2. column, 3. bracket, 4. pendulum, 5. inflatable component, 6. control cabinet, 7. exhaust component, 8. seawater;

[0031] 4_1. Fixed shaft, 4_2. First shell plate, 4_3. Second shell plate, 4_4. Third shell plate, 4_5. Fourth shell plate, 4_6. Counterweight cylinder, 4_7. Power generation assembly, 4_8. Gas port seat, 4_9. Gas pipeline, 4_10. Airbag, 4_11. Airbag retaining ring, 4_12. Filter cover;

[0032] 4_7_1. Flange, 4_7_2. Gearbox, 4_7_3. Speed ​​increaser, 4_7_4. Generator, 4_7_5. Transmission cable;

[0033] 4_8_1. First temperature sensor, 4_8_2. First pressure sensor, 4_8_3. Second temperature sensor, 4_8_4. Second pressure sensor, 4_8_5. Third temperature sensor, 4_8_6. Third pressure sensor;

[0034] 4_8_7. Solenoid valve, 4_8_8. Solenoid valve, 4_8_9. Solenoid valve;

[0035] 4_9_1. Hose section;

[0036] 4_10_1. Ventilation hole;

[0037] 4_11_1. Cylindrical tube;

[0038] 5_1. Solenoid valve, 5_2. Gas mass flow meter, 5_3. Check valve;

[0039] 7_1. Solenoid valve, 7_2. Gas mass flow meter, 7_3. Check valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] For the convenience of description, if the words "upper" and "lower" appear in the present invention, they only indicate that they are consistent with the upper and lower directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] This embodiment provides a buoyancy pendulum wave power generation device, such as Figure 1-Figure 7As shown, it includes a platform 1, which is fixedly connected to the top of the column 2, and the bottom end of the column 2 is fixed to the top of the bracket 3. The bracket 3 adopts a U-shaped structure, including a first bracket part and a second bracket part located on both sides of the first bracket part. The top of the second bracket part is fixed to the first bracket part, and a fixed shaft 4_1 is fixed between the bottom ends of the two second bracket parts. The fixed shaft 4_1 is connected to a pendulum 4, and the bottom of the pendulum 4 is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft 4_1. The pendulum 4 is connected to the input shaft of the power generation component 4_7, and the power generation component 4_7 is fixed to the fixed shaft 4_1. The transmission cable 4_7_5 of the power generation component 4_7 is connected to the control cabinet 6 on the platform 1. The pendulum 4 can swing back and forth around the fixed shaft 4_1 under the drive of sea waves, thereby driving the input shaft of the power generation component 4_7 to rotate. After the power generation component 4_7 converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, it is transmitted to the control cabinet 6 through the transmission cable 4_7_5 and output by the control cabinet 6.

[0043] In this embodiment, the bracket 3 is formed by welding multiple profiles into a frame structure, the fixed shaft 4_1 is a hollow shaft, the profile is a hollow profile, and the column 2 is a hollow column, so as to realize wiring inside it and prevent the line from being exposed to seawater and causing corrosion.

[0044] The pendulum 4 includes a shell, the bottom of which is rotatably connected to a fixed shaft. The shell includes a first shell plate 4_2, a second shell plate 4_3, and a third shell plate 4_4 arranged in parallel. The second shell plate 4_3 is located in the middle of the first shell plate 4_2 and the third shell plate 4_4. The outer edges of the first shell plate 4_2, the second shell plate 4_3, and the third shell plate 4_4 are all fixed to the inner side of the fourth shell plate 4_5. The first shell plate 4_2, the third shell plate 4_4, and the fourth shell plate 4_5 enclose a closed cavity structure.

[0045] A plurality of counterweight cylinders 4_6 are arranged inside the shell. The axis of the counterweight cylinder 4_6 is parallel to the axis of the fixed shaft 4_1. The counterweight cylinder 4_6 adopts a cylindrical structure with open ends. The counterweight cylinder 4_6 passes through the second shell plate 4_3, one end of which is fixed to the inner side surface of the first shell plate 4_2, and the other end is fixed to the inner side surface of the third shell plate 4_4.

[0046] Water holes are provided at both ends of each counterweight cylinder 4_6, wherein the water hole on one side is provided on the first shell plate 4_2, and the water hole on the other side is provided on the third shell plate 4_4.

[0047] The water through hole is coaxially arranged with the corresponding counterweight cylinder 4_6, and seawater can be introduced into the counterweight cylinder through the water through hole, or the seawater in the counterweight cylinder 4_6 can be discharged to the outside.

[0048] A filter cover 4_12 is provided at the water hole. The filter cover 4_12 adopts a porous structure and is used to filter the seawater entering the counterweight cylinder 4_6 to prevent debris from entering the counterweight cylinder 4_6.

[0049] An airbag 4_10 is provided inside the counterweight cylinder 4_6, and the airbag 4_10 is fixed inside the counterweight cylinder 4_6 through a plurality of airbag fixing rings 4_11.

[0050] The airbag 4_10 is a closed and seawater corrosion-resistant structure that can withstand a set pressure and is a sac-shaped gas container that can recover after a large elastic deformation. The airbag is made of elastic material, such as seawater-resistant rubber.

[0051] In this embodiment, the airbag 4_10 is configured to ensure that the seawater in the counterweight cylinder 4_6 is connected when it is expanded to its maximum volume, that is, after the airbag 4_10 is expanded to its maximum volume, it will not isolate the counterweight cylinder 4_6.

[0052] The airbag 4_6 is provided with a vent hole 4_10_1 for inflating and deflating the airbag 4_10.

[0053] The plurality of airbag fixing rings 4_11 are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the counterweight cylinder.

[0054] The inner ring surface of the airbag fixing ring 4_11 is an arc surface and is fixed to the outer side surface of the airbag 4_10. The outer ring surface area of ​​the airbag fixing ring 4_11 is larger than the inner ring surface area. The airbag fixing ring 4_11 is fixedly connected to the inner cylinder surface of the counterweight cylinder 4_6 through the outer ring surface.

[0055] The airbag fixing ring 4_11 is also made of a flexible material, such as seawater-resistant rubber, and can return to its original shape after deformation.

[0056] A plurality of rigid tubes are embedded in the airbag fixing ring 4_11. The rigid tube is a cylindrical tube 4_11_1 with a surface coated with a corrosion-resistant coating. The cylindrical tube 4_11_1 penetrates the airbag fixing ring 4_11 along the axial direction of the airbag fixing ring 4_11.

[0057] An air port seat 4_8 is fixed to the outer surface of the counterweight cylinder 4_6. One end of the air port seat 4_8 is connected to the vent 4_10_1 on the airbag 4_10 through a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the gas pipeline 4_9. The gas pipeline 4_9 can inflate and deflat the airbag through the air port seat 4_8.

[0058] The gas port seat 4_8 is connected to the gas pipeline 4_9 through the solenoid valve. The solenoid valve is used to switch the gas port seat and the gas pipeline between the on and off states. Since three gas port seats 4_8 are provided, solenoid valves 4_8_7, 4_8_8 and 4_8_9 are provided respectively.

[0059] Specifically, the gas pipeline 4_9 includes a branch pipeline and a main pipeline, the gas port seat 4_8 is connected to the branch pipeline, the three branch pipelines are converged into the main pipeline, and the main pipeline is connected to the inflation component 5 and the exhaust component 7 on the platform 1.

[0060] Specifically, a hose section 4_9_1 is provided on the main pipeline, and the hose section has a spiral structure to ensure that the gas pipeline will not be broken when the pendulum swings.

[0061] The gas pipeline 4_9 connected to the inflation component 5 and the exhaust component 7 extends from the hose section through the cavity inside the fixed shaft 4_1, the cavity inside the corresponding profile of the bracket 3 and the cavity inside the column 2, and then extends to the top of the platform 1 and is connected to the inflation component 5 and the exhaust component 7.

[0062] A temperature detection element and a pressure detection element are installed on the air port seat 4_8. The temperature detection element adopts a temperature sensor to detect the temperature of the gas in the airbag. The pressure detection element adopts a pressure sensor to detect the gas pressure in the airbag. The cables of the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor pass through the internal cavity of the fixed shaft 4_1, the internal cavity of the profile and the internal cavity of the column 2 in sequence, and then extend to the top of the platform 1, and are connected to the controller in the control cabinet 6 fixed on the platform 1, so that the collected data can be transmitted to the controller.

[0063] Since three air port seats 4_8 are provided, there are three temperature sensors, namely the first temperature sensor 4_8_1, the second temperature sensor 4_8_3 and the third temperature sensor 4_8_5, and three pressure sensors, namely the first pressure sensor 4_8_2, the second pressure sensor 4_8_4 and the third pressure sensor 4_8_6.

[0064] The inflation assembly 5 includes an air compressor, which is fixed on the platform 1. The air outlet of the air compressor is connected to one end of the inflation pipeline. Along the flow direction of the gas, the inflation pipeline is sequentially installed with a solenoid valve 5_1, a gas mass flow detection element and a one-way valve 5_3.

[0065] The flow detection element uses a gas mass flow meter 5_2 to detect the amount of gas inflated by the air compressor to the air bag 4_10. The one-way valve 5_3 can only allow gas to flow from the air compressor to the air bag 4_10. The solenoid valve 5_1 is used to control the opening and closing of the air compressor outlet.

[0066] The exhaust assembly 7 includes a vacuum pump, which is fixed on the platform 1. The air inlet end of the vacuum pump is connected to one end of the exhaust pipeline. Along the gas flow direction, a one-way valve 7_3, a gas mass flow detection element and a solenoid valve 7_1 are sequentially arranged on the exhaust pipeline.

[0067] The flow detection element uses a gas mass flowmeter 7_2 to detect the amount of air pumped by the vacuum pump to the airbag. The one-way valve 7_3 only allows gas to flow from the airbag 4_10 to the vacuum pump. The solenoid valve 7_1 is used to control the opening or closing of the vacuum pump inlet end.

[0068] One end of the inflation pipeline is connected to the air compressor, and one end of the exhaust pipeline is connected to the vacuum pump. The inflation pipeline and the exhaust pipeline are connected in parallel, and the other end is connected to the end of the gas pipeline 4_9 extending above the platform 1 after being combined.

[0069] When in use, open the solenoid valve 5_1 of the inflation pipeline, close the solenoid valve 7_1 of the exhaust pipeline, the air compressor works to inflate the airbag, close the solenoid valve 5_1 of the inflation pipeline, open the solenoid valve 7_1 of the exhaust pipeline, the vacuum pump works to exhaust the airbag, thereby driving the volume of the airbag 4_10 to change.

[0070] The air compressor and vacuum pump are both connected to a controller in a control cabinet 6, and their operations are controlled by the controller.

[0071] The power generation component 4_7 is installed on the installation shaft section in the middle of the fixed shaft 4_1, and the diameter of the installation shaft section is smaller than the diameter of other shaft sections of the fixed shaft 4_1.

[0072] The power generation component 4_7 includes a gearbox 4_7_2, the housing of the gearbox 4_7_2 is fixed to the mounting shaft section, the input shaft of the gearbox 4_7_2 adopts an annular structure, is sleeved on the outer periphery of the mounting shaft section and is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft 4_1 through a bearing, the input shaft extends to the outside of the shell and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second shell plate 4_3 through a flange 4_7_1, the rotation of the second shell plate 4_3 can drive the input shaft to rotate, the input shaft is connected to the output shaft through a gear transmission, the output shaft is connected to the speed increaser 4_7_3, the speed increaser 4_7_3 is used to increase the output speed, the output shaft of the speed increaser 4_7_3 is connected to the generator 4_7_4, wherein the shell of the speed increaser 4_7_3 is fixed to the shell of the generator 4_7_4, and the shell of the generator 4_7_4 is fixed to the fixed shaft 4_1 through a fixing plate.

[0073] The rotation of the second shell plate 4_3 around the fixed shaft 4_1 transmits the rotational motion to the generator 4_7_4 through the gearbox 4_7_2 and the speed increaser 4_7_3. The generator 4_7_4 converts the mechanical energy of the rotation into electrical energy. The generator 4_7_4 is connected to one end of a transmission cable 4_7_5. The other end of the transmission cable 4_7_5 passes through the internal cavity of the fixed shaft 4_1, the internal cavity of the profile, and the internal cavity of the column 2 in sequence, then extends above the platform 1 and connects to the controller in the control cabinet 6 to output the electrical energy.

[0074] The working method of the buoyancy pendulum wave power generation device of this embodiment is as follows:

[0075] Under normal sea conditions, the pendulum is guaranteed to resonate with the waves:

[0076] Controller 6 within the control cabinet receives wave frequency and wave height signals in real time and calculates the wave energy density. In this embodiment, wave frequency sensors and wave height sensors are deployed within the operating area of ​​the wave power generation device. These sensors can be mounted on monitoring buoys to obtain wave frequency and wave height signals. If the wave energy density does not exceed a set limit, the current sea condition is considered normal. Based on the latest wave frequency, the current natural frequency of pendulum 4, and the air volume within airbag 4_10, the control program generates a set of instructions at regular intervals to automatically adjust the air volume within airbag 4_10, thereby adjusting the mass and center of mass position of pendulum 4. This ensures that the natural frequency of pendulum 4 aligns with the wave frequency and maintains a resonant state. The following details the natural frequency adjustment process for pendulum 4 under normal sea conditions.

[0077] Under normal sea conditions, if the current natural frequency of the pendulum 4 differs significantly from the wave frequency, it is necessary to align the natural frequency of the pendulum 4 with the wave frequency. The electrical control cabinet 6 retrieves historical records of the current natural frequency of the pendulum 4 and the volume of each airbag 4_10. The first, second, and third temperature sensors 4_8_1, 4_8_3, and 4_8_5 provide feedback to the controller of the electrical control cabinet 6 regarding the air temperature within the airbag 4_10. The first, second, and third pressure sensors 4_8_2, 4_8_4, and 4_8_6 provide feedback regarding the air pressure within the airbag 4_10. The controller calculates the current density of the air within the airbag 4_10 based on the temperature and pressure data. The controller of the electrical control cabinet 6 determines the mass of gas that needs to be added or removed from each airbag 4_10 according to a pre-set program. Specifically, the internal volume of the counterweight cylinder is a known quantity, approximately constant, consisting primarily of the space occupied by the air inside the airbag and the space occupied by the seawater outside the airbag. The gas mass flowmeter records the mass of gas added to each counterweight cylinder. Since the current density of the air in the airbag is known, the volume of air in the airbag is also determined, and thus the volume of seawater in the counterweight cylinder can also be determined. The mass, center of mass position, and natural frequency of the pendulum are also determined. Therefore, there is a corresponding relationship between the volume of air in the airbag and the natural frequency of the pendulum. At the beginning of the design, several characteristic frequency points were selected according to the local wave frequency range as the adjustment targets for the natural frequency of the pendulum. The volume value of the airbag in the counterweight cylinder when the natural frequency of the pendulum is at these characteristic points was pre-calculated and fixed into the control program. According to the current actual wave frequency, the closest characteristic frequency point is selected as the adjustment target. Since the current air volume, density, and mass of the air in the airbag are known, the control system can know the difference between the volume of each airbag in the pendulum and the adjustment target volume through comparison. The volume difference and the current air density in the airbag can be used to estimate the mass of gas that needs to be replenished or extracted from each airbag. (Since the temperature and pressure of the air inside the airbag will change after the gas replenishment or extraction process is completed, and the air density will also change, it is often impossible to reach the target volume in one go. The volume difference between the current airbag volume and the adjustment target can be recalculated. After several replenishments or extractions of gas, when the relative volume error is less than the set percentage, it can be considered that the adjustment has been completed. To simplify the description, in the following adjustment process, it is considered that a single replenishment or extraction of gas can reach the target.) If it is necessary to replenish gas in a certain airbag 4_10, the controller sends a command to open the solenoid valve 5_1 on the inflation line, open one of the solenoid valves 4_8_7, 4_8_8, and 4_8_9 (depending on the specific airbag that needs to be replenished), and start the air compressor 5 to replenish the set mass of compressed air into the airbag that needs to be replenished. When the set air mass is reached, the currently opened solenoid valve and air compressor are closed.The quality of the replenished air is fed back by the gas mass flowmeter 5_2. After the inflation process is complete, the controller in the electrical control cabinet 6 records and updates the current gas volume data within the airbag. If multiple airbags require air replenishment, the inflation process is performed for each airbag individually. If air needs to be extracted from a particular airbag 4_10, the controller in the electrical control cabinet 6 issues a command to open the solenoid valve 7_1 on the extraction pipeline, open one of the solenoid valves 4_8_7, 4_8_8, or 4_8_9 (depending on the specific airbag to be extracted), and start the vacuum pump to extract a certain mass of compressed air from the airbag to be extracted. When the set air quality is reached, the currently open solenoid valve and vacuum pump 7 are closed. The quality of the extracted air is fed back by the gas mass flowmeter 7_2. After the extraction process is complete, the controller in the electrical control cabinet 6 records and updates the current gas volume data within the airbag. If multiple airbags require air extraction, the extraction process is performed for each airbag individually. After a series of steps, when all airbags requiring volume adjustment have completed their gas replenishment or extraction, the controller in the electrical control cabinet 6 records and updates the current natural frequency of the pendulum 4. In this embodiment, a corresponding relationship exists between the air volume within the airbags and the pendulum's natural frequency. The volume of the airbag within the counterweight cylinder, when the pendulum's natural frequency is at a characteristic point, has been pre-calculated and embedded in the control program. There's no need to check the current natural frequency; simply check whether the volume adjustment target has been achieved. Completion of the adjustment process, i.e., the change from one natural frequency point to another, is complete, and the set natural frequency point is considered reached.

[0078] As the volume of airbag 4_10 changes, seawater 8 can flow through filter housing 4_12 into and out of counterweight cylinder 4_6. This changes the volume of seawater 8 within counterweight cylinder 4_6, and consequently, the mass and center of mass of pendulum 4. Therefore, by adjusting the volume of seawater 8 displaced by airbag 4_10, the natural frequency of pendulum 4 can be aligned with the wave frequency, maintaining a resonant state and maximizing wave energy absorption by the buoyant pendulum, ensuring high power generation efficiency.

[0079] Buoyancy pendulum input capacity control in severe sea conditions:

[0080] The controller in the electrical control cabinet 6 receives wave frequency and wave height signals in real time and calculates the wave energy density. If the wave energy density exceeds a set limit, it is considered that the current sea condition is severe. Based on the latest wave frequency, the current natural frequency of the pendulum 4, and the air volume data within the airbag 4_10, the control program generates a set of instructions at regular intervals to automatically adjust the air volume within the airbag 4_10, that is, to adjust the mass and center of mass position of the pendulum 4. This can cause the natural frequency of the buoyant pendulum to be inconsistent with the wave frequency, deviating from the resonant state. The greater the deviation between the natural frequency of the buoyant pendulum and the wave frequency, the less energy the buoyant pendulum absorbs. The smaller the deviation between the natural frequency of the buoyant pendulum and the wave frequency, the greater the energy absorption of the buoyant pendulum. By adjusting the volume of seawater 8 displaced by the airbag 4_10, the degree of deviation between the natural frequency of the buoyant pendulum and the wave frequency can be adjusted, allowing the energy input to the buoyant pendulum to be controlled in severe sea conditions. This method can provide a certain degree of protection for wave power generation equipment.

[0081] The method and process for adjusting the degree of deviation between the natural frequency of the buoyancy pendulum and the wave frequency are consistent with the method and process for ensuring resonance between the buoyancy pendulum and the waves under normal sea conditions mentioned above. The only difference is that the target volume to be adjusted in the airbag 4_10 is different, which will not be described in detail here.

[0082] Regardless of operating conditions, the system ensures that the airbag volume and pressure remain within the appropriate range. At its minimum volume, the internal air pressure exceeds the seawater pressure outside the airbag. At its maximum volume, the airbag's outer diameter is slightly smaller than the counterweight cylinder's inner diameter. Regardless of operating conditions, the airbag's position within the counterweight cylinder is maintained by the gas pressure and the airbag's retaining ring.

[0083] The buoyant pendulum wave power generation device of this embodiment adjusts the mass and center of mass position of the pendulum body by inflating and deflating the airbag through the inflation component and the exhaust component, thereby adjusting the natural frequency of the pendulum body. Compared with the traditional floating pendulum wave power generation device, there is no need to install additional complex lifting and rotating structures. The overall structure is simple and the manufacturing cost is low. Moreover, by adopting this method, during the reciprocating swing of the pendulum body, the stress conditions of each component are good, the seawater in the counterweight cylinder can maintain a stable mass and position, and there is no need to consider issues such as lubrication and mechanical wear. It has high reliability and a long maintenance cycle, and is suitable for applications under marine conditions.

[0084] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations are possible for those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A buoyancy pendulum wave power generation device, comprising a platform connected to the top of a column, a bracket provided at the bottom of the column, a fixed shaft fixed to the bottom of the bracket, a pendulum body rotatably connected to the fixed shaft, and a pendulum body connected to a power generation assembly, characterized in that: The pendulum body includes a shell, a plurality of counterweight cylinders are arranged in the shell, and water holes are provided at the ends of the counterweight cylinders to achieve water inlet and water outlet. An air bag is fixed inside the counterweight cylinder, and the air bag is connected to the inflation component and the exhaust component on the platform through a gas pipeline; The airbag is fixed to the inner annular surfaces of a plurality of airbag fixing rings arranged along the axis direction of the counterweight cylinder, and the outer annular surfaces of the airbag fixing rings are fixed to the inner cylinder surface of the counterweight cylinder; The airbag fixing ring is made of a flexible material, and a plurality of rigid tubes distributed along the circumferential direction are embedded in the airbag fixing ring; The multiple air bags can be inflated and deflated using an inflation assembly and a vacuum assembly to adjust the mass and center of mass position of the pendulum.

2. A buoyancy pendulum wave power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas pipeline is provided with a hose section, which is a spiral structure.

3. The buoyancy pendulum wave power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the counterweight cylinder is equipped with an air vent seat, one end of which is connected to the air vent of the airbag, and the other end of which is connected to the gas pipeline. The air vent seat is equipped with a temperature detection element for detecting the temperature of the gas in the airbag and a pressure detection element for detecting the pressure of the gas in the airbag.

4. A buoyancy pendulum wave power generation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The temperature detection element and the pressure detection element are both connected to the control cabinet on the platform through cables.

5. The buoyancy pendulum wave power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter cover is installed at the water hole.

6. The buoyancy pendulum wave power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inflation component includes an air compressor, which is connected to the inflation pipeline. The exhaust component includes a vacuum pump, which is connected to the exhaust pipeline. The inflation pipeline and the exhaust pipeline are connected in parallel and then connected to the gas pipeline.

7. The buoyancy pendulum wave power generation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gas filling pipeline and the gas extraction pipeline are both installed with a gas mass flow detection element and a one-way valve.

8. The buoyancy pendulum wave power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power generation assembly includes a gearbox, the input shaft of the gearbox is connected to the shell plate of the pendulum through a flange, the housing of the gearbox is connected to the fixed shaft, the output shaft of the gearbox is connected to the generator through a speed increaser, the speed increaser and the generator are both fixed to the fixed shaft, and the generator is connected to the control cabinet on the platform through a power generation cable.

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