Complementary uplink peak-to-average power ratio reduction

Abstract

Various aspects relate to reducing a peak-to-average power ratio on a supplemental uplink using peak reduction tones on a supplemental uplink. For example, when a UE elects to switch from a primary carrier (e.g., a 5G NR carrier) to a SUL carrier (e.g., in a limited coverage scenario), the UE may send data on the SUL carrier using a defined set of PRTs. In some examples, PRTs may be used on multiple carriers. For example, a first set of PRTs may be defined for a SUL carrier and a second set of PRTs may be defined for another carrier.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This patent application claims priority to and the benefit of pending non-provisional patent application No. 17 / 391,922 filed in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office on August 2, 2021, and provisional patent application No. 63 / 060,534 filed in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office on August 3, 2020, which applications are assigned to the assignee of this application and are hereby expressly incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth herein in their entireties for all applicable purposes. Technical Field

[0003] The techniques discussed below relate generally to wireless communications, and more particularly to using peak reduction tones on a supplemental uplink to reduce a peak to average power ratio on the supplemental uplink. Background Art

[0004] A next generation wireless communication system (e.g., 5GS) may include a 5G core network and a 5G radio access network (RAN), such as a new radio (NR)-RAN. The NR-RAN supports communication via one or more cells. For example, a wireless communication device such as a user equipment (UE) may access a first cell of a first base station (BS) such as a gNB and / or access a second cell of a second BS.

[0005] The BS may schedule access to a cell to support access by multiple UEs. For example, the BS may allocate different resources (eg, time domain and frequency domain resources) to different UEs operating within the cell of the BS. Summary of the invention

[0006] An overview of one or more aspects of the present disclosure is given below in order to provide a basic understanding of these aspects. This summary is not an extensive review of all expected features of the present disclosure, and is neither intended to identify the key or important elements of all aspects of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to describe the scope of any or all aspects of the present disclosure. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects of the present disclosure in some form as a preface to a more detailed description presented later.

[0007] In some examples, a method for wireless communication at a user equipment is disclosed. The method may include receiving a first resource allocation for a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier. The first resource allocation may indicate a first set of transmission tones including a first set of data tones and a first set of peak reduction tones (PRTs). The first resource allocation may also indicate a first set of data tone positions within a first bandwidth. The first resource allocation may also indicate a first set of peak reduction tone (PRT) positions within the first bandwidth. The first set of PRT positions may be arranged relative to the first set of data tone positions according to a first PRT sequence. The method may also include sending a first data transmission on the SUL carrier. The first data transmission may include a first waveform based at least in part on the first resource allocation.

[0008] In some examples, a user equipment may include a transceiver, a memory, and a processor coupled to the transceiver and the memory. The processor and the memory may be configured to receive a first resource allocation for a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier via the transceiver. The first resource allocation may indicate a first group of transmission tones including a first group of data tones and a first group of peak reduction tones (PRTs). The first resource allocation may also indicate a first group of data tones within a first bandwidth. The first resource allocation may also indicate a first group of PRT positions within the first bandwidth. The first group of PRT positions may be arranged relative to the first group of data tones according to a first PRT sequence. The processor and the memory may also be configured to send a first data transmission on the SUL carrier via the transceiver. The first data transmission may include a first waveform based at least in part on the first resource allocation.

[0009] In some examples, a user equipment may include a device module for receiving a first resource allocation for a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier. The first resource allocation may indicate a first set of transmission tones including a first set of data tones and a first set of peak reduction tones (PRTs). The first resource allocation may also indicate a first set of data tone positions within a first bandwidth. The first resource allocation may also indicate a first set of PRT positions within the first bandwidth. The first set of PRT positions may be arranged relative to the first set of data tone positions according to a first PRT sequence. The user equipment may also include a device module for sending a first data transmission on the SUL carrier. The first data transmission may include a first waveform based at least in part on the first resource allocation.

[0010] In some examples, an article for use with a user device includes a computer-readable medium having instructions stored therein, the instructions being executable by one or more processors of the user device to receive a first resource allocation for a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier. The first resource allocation may indicate a first set of transmission tones including a first set of data tones and a first set of peak reduction tones (PRTs). The first resource allocation may also indicate a first set of data tone positions within a first bandwidth. The first resource allocation may also indicate a first set of PRT positions within the first bandwidth. The first set of PRT positions may be arranged relative to the first set of data tone positions according to a first PRT sequence. The computer-readable medium may also have instructions stored therein, the instructions being executable by one or more processors of the user device to send a first data transmission on the SUL carrier. The first data transmission may include a first waveform based at least in part on the first resource allocation.

[0011] One or more of the following features may be applicable to any of the methods, apparatus, and computer-readable media of the preceding paragraphs. The first resource allocation may include a first indication of a first PRT sequence. The user equipment may determine the first PRT sequence based on the first indication. The first indication may include a first index to a PRT table. The PRT table may indicate a first PRT sequence and a second PRT sequence (e.g., an entry including the first PRT sequence and the second PRT sequence). The user equipment may receive a second resource allocation for a second uplink carrier different from the SUL carrier. The second resource allocation may indicate a second set of transmission tones. The user equipment may send a second data transmission on the second uplink carrier using a second waveform based at least in part on the second resource allocation. The SUL carrier may be associated with a first frequency band, the second uplink carrier may be associated with a second frequency band, and the frequency of the first frequency band may be lower than the second frequency band. The second set of transmission tones may include a second set of data tones and a second set of peak reduction tones (PRTs). The second resource allocation may further indicate a second set of data tone positions within a second bandwidth. The second resource allocation may also indicate a second set of PRT positions within the second bandwidth. The second set of PRT positions may be arranged relative to the second set of data tone positions based on the second PRT sequence. The second resource allocation may include a second indication of a second PRT sequence. The user equipment may determine the second PRT sequence according to the second indication. The second indication may include a second index of the PRT table.

[0012] In some examples, a method for wireless communication at a base station is disclosed. The method may include sending a first resource allocation for a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier. The first resource allocation may indicate a first set of transmission tones including a first set of data tones and a first set of peak reduction tones (PRTs). The first resource allocation may also indicate a first set of data tone positions within a first bandwidth. The first resource allocation may also indicate a first set of PRT positions within the first bandwidth. The first set of PRT positions may be arranged relative to the first set of data tone positions according to a first PRT sequence. The method may also include receiving a first data transmission on the SUL carrier after sending the first resource allocation. The first data transmission may include a first waveform based at least in part on the first resource allocation.

[0013] In some examples, a base station may include a transceiver, a memory, and a processor coupled to the transceiver and the memory. The processor and the memory may be configured to send a first resource allocation for a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier. The first resource allocation may indicate a first group of transmission tones including a first group of data tones and a first group of peak reduction tones (PRTs). The first resource allocation may also indicate a first group of data tones within a first bandwidth. The first resource allocation may also indicate a first group of PRT positions within the first bandwidth. The first group of PRT positions may be arranged relative to the first group of data tones according to a first PRT sequence. The processor and the memory may also be configured to receive a first data transmission on the SUL carrier via the transceiver after sending the first resource allocation. The first data transmission may include a first waveform based at least in part on the first resource allocation.

[0014] In some examples, a base station may include a device module for sending a first resource allocation for a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier. The first resource allocation may indicate a first set of transmission tones including a first set of data tones and a first set of peak reduction tones (PRTs). The first resource allocation may also indicate a first set of data tone positions within a first bandwidth. The first resource allocation may also indicate a first set of PRT positions within the first bandwidth. The first set of PRT positions may be arranged relative to the first set of data tone positions according to a first PRT sequence. The base station may also include a device module for receiving a first data transmission on the SUL carrier after sending the first resource allocation. The first data transmission may include a first waveform based at least in part on the first resource allocation.

[0015] In some examples, an article for use by a base station includes a non-transitory computer-readable medium having instructions stored therein that are executable by one or more processors of the base station to transmit a first resource allocation for a supplementary uplink (SUL) carrier. The first resource allocation may indicate a first set of transmission frequencies including a first set of data frequencies and a first set of peak reduction tones (PRTs). The first resource allocation may also indicate a first set of data frequency positions within a first bandwidth. The first resource allocation may also indicate a first set of PRT positions within the first bandwidth. The first set of PRT positions may be arranged according to a first PRT sequence relative to the first set of data frequency positions. The computer-readable medium may also have instructions stored therein that are executable by one or more processors of the base station to receive a first data transmission on the SUL carrier after transmitting the first resource allocation. The first data transmission may include a first waveform based at least in part on the first resource allocation.

[0016] One or more of the following features may apply to any of the methods, apparatuses, and computer-readable media of the foregoing paragraph. The first resource allocation may include a first indication of a first PRT sequence. The first indication may include a first index into a PRT table. The PRT table may indicate a first PRT sequence and a second PRT sequence (e.g., an entry including the first PRT sequence and the second PRT sequence). The base station may transmit a second resource allocation for a second uplink carrier different from the SUL carrier. The second resource allocation may indicate a second set of transmission frequencies. The base station may receive a second data transmission on the second uplink carrier. The second data transmission may include a second waveform based at least in part on the second resource allocation. The SUL carrier may be associated with a first frequency band, the second uplink carrier may be associated with a second frequency band, and the frequency of the first frequency band may be lower than the frequency of the second frequency band. The second set of transmission frequencies may include a second set of data frequencies and a second set of PRTs. The second resource allocation may also indicate a second set of data frequency positions within a second bandwidth. The second resource allocation may also indicate a second set of PRT positions within the second bandwidth. The second set of PRT positions may be arranged according to a second PRT sequence relative to the second set of data frequency positions. The second resource allocation may include a second indication of a second PRT sequence. The second indication may include a second index into the PRT table.

[0017] By reading the detailed description below, these and other aspects of the present disclosure will become more comprehensive. By reading the following description of the specific example aspects of the present disclosure in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, other aspects, features and examples of the present disclosure will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. Although the features of the present disclosure can be discussed with respect to certain examples and drawings below, all examples of the present disclosure can include one or more advantageous features in the advantageous features discussed here. In other words, although one or more examples can be discussed as having certain advantageous features, one or more such features can also be used according to the various examples of the present disclosure discussed here. In a similar manner, although the example aspects can be discussed below as device, system or method examples, it should be understood that these example aspects can be implemented in various devices, systems and methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system according to some aspects.

[0019] Figure 2 is a conceptual illustration of an example of a radio access network in accordance with some aspects.

[0020] Figure 3 is a diagram of wireless resources in an air interface utilizing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) according to some aspects.

[0021] Figure 4 is a conceptual illustration of an example of input compensation and nonlinearity of a power amplifier according to some aspects.

[0022] Figure 5 is a conceptual illustration of an example peak reduction tone (PRT) sequence in accordance with some aspects.

[0023] Figure 6 is a conceptual illustration of an example of peak alignment in accordance with some aspects.

[0024] Figure 7 is a conceptual illustration of an example of PRT-based peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction in accordance with some aspects.

[0025] Figure 8 is a conceptual illustration of an example of signaling PRT sequences for supplemental uplink (SUL) and non-SUL in accordance with some aspects.

[0026] Fig. 9 is a signaling diagram illustrating an example of PRT-related signaling between a user equipment and a base station according to some aspects.

[0027] Fig.10 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for a user device employing a processing system according to some aspects.

[0028] Fig.11 is a flow chart of an example methodology for transmitting on a SUL carrier in accordance with some aspects.

[0029] Fig.12 is a flow chart of another example method for transmitting on a SUL carrier in accordance with some aspects.

[0030] Fig.13 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for a base station employing a processing system according to some aspects.

[0031] Fig.14 is a flow chart of an example method for receiving on a SUL carrier in accordance with some aspects.

[0032] Fig.15 is a flow chart of another example method for receiving on a SUL carrier in accordance with some aspects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The detailed description set forth below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings is intended as a description of various configurations and is not intended to represent the only configurations in which the concepts described herein may be practiced. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of the various concepts. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these concepts may be practiced without these specific details. In some cases, in order to avoid confusion with these concepts, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form.

[0034] Although aspects and examples are described in this application by way of illustration of some examples, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that additional implementations and use cases may occur in many different arrangements and scenarios. The innovations described herein may be implemented across many different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and packaging arrangements. For example, aspects and / or uses may be implemented by integrated chip examples and other devices based on non-module components (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial devices, retail / procurement devices, medical devices, artificial intelligence enabled (AI enabled) devices, etc.). Although some examples may or may not be specifically targeted at use cases or applications, a variety of applicability of the described innovations may occur. The scope of implementation may range from chip-level or modular components to non-modular, non-chip-level implementations, and further to collections, distributed or original equipment manufacturers (OEM) devices or systems incorporating one or more aspects of the described innovations. In some practical settings, the device incorporating the described aspects and features may also have to include additional components and features for implementing and practicing the claimed and described examples. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals must include multiple components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antennas, radio frequency (RF) chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processor(s), interleavers, adders / summers, etc.). It is intended that the innovations described herein can be implemented in a variety of devices, chip-level components, systems, distributed arrangements, end-user devices, etc. of different sizes, shapes, and configurations.

[0035] In some aspects, the present disclosure relates to using peak reduction tones (PRTs) on a supplemental uplink (SUL) to reduce a peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) on the SUL. For example, when a user equipment (UE) chooses to switch from a primary carrier (e.g., a 5G NR carrier) to a SUL carrier (e.g., in a limited coverage scenario), the UE can use a defined set of PRTs to send data on the SUL carrier, whereby the set of PRTs is used to reduce the PAPR.

[0036] In some examples, PRTs can be used on multiple carriers. For example, a first set of PRTs can be defined for a SUL carrier and a second set of PRTs can be defined for another carrier (e.g., a primary carrier). The use of PRTs on a carrier can be dynamically enabled or disabled. For example, if the traffic load on the primary carrier is relatively high, uplink data can be sent on the primary carrier without using PRTs, so that the frequency modulation originally used for PRTs can be changed to data transmission.

[0037] In systems using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signaling, conventional techniques for peak reduction tone (PRT) selection to reduce PAPR may involve relatively large processing overhead that may degrade performance. In addition, the base station may not be aware of the UE's selection of a PRT in such a system. In this case, the UE may signal an indication of the PRT selection to the base station to enable the base station to decode a received signal including the selected PRT. However, signaling such an indication will result in higher signaling overhead.

[0038] In some aspects, the present disclosure relates to PRT reservation using at least one PRT sequence that defines the location of at least one PRT and at least one data frequency tone in a set of transmission frequency tones for uplink transmission. In some examples, a base station can send an indication of a PRT sequence to be used for subsequent uplink transmissions on a particular carrier to a UE. This can help save power and time during transmission, thereby improving performance and reducing processing associated with PRT-based PAPR reduction.

[0039] The various concepts presented throughout this disclosure may be implemented across a variety of telecommunication systems, network architectures and communication standards. Figure 1 , various aspects of the present disclosure are described with reference to a wireless communication system 100 as a non-limiting illustrative example. The wireless communication system 100 includes three interacting domains: a core network 102, a radio access network (RAN) 104, and a user equipment (UE) 106. By means of the wireless communication system 100, the UE 106 can achieve data communication with an external data network 110 (such as (but not limited to) the Internet).

[0040] The RAN 104 may implement any suitable one or more wireless communication technologies to provide radio access to the UE 106. As an example, the RAN 104 may operate in accordance with the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) New Radio (NR) specification, commonly referred to as 5G. As another example, the RAN 104 may operate under a mix of 5G NR and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (eUTRAN) standards, which are commonly referred to as Long Term Evolution (LTE). 3GPP refers to such a hybrid RAN as the Next Generation RAN, or NG-RAN. In another example, the RAN 104 may operate in accordance with both LTE and 5G NR standards. Of course, many other examples may be utilized within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0041] As shown, RAN 104 includes multiple base stations 108. In a broad sense, a base station is a network element in a radio access network, responsible for radio transmission and reception to or from a UE in one or more cells. In different technologies, standards or contexts, a base station may be referred to as a base transceiver station (BTS), a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a transceiver function, a basic service set (BSS), an extended service set (ESS), an access point (AP), a node B (NB), an eNode B (eNB), a gNode B (gNB), a transmission and reception point (TRP) or some other suitable terminology by those skilled in the art. In some examples, a base station may include two or more TRPs, which may be collocated or non-collocated. Each TRP may communicate on the same or different carrier frequencies in the same or different frequency bands. In an example where RAN 104 operates according to both LTE and 5G NR standards, one of base stations 108 may be an LTE base station, and another base station may be a 5G NR base station.

[0042] The radio access network 104 is further shown as supporting wireless communications for multiple mobile devices. In the 3GPP standard, a mobile device may be referred to as a user equipment (UE) 106, but may also be referred to as a mobile station (MS), a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, an access terminal (AT), a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a terminal, a user agent, a mobile client, a client, or some other suitable terminology by a person skilled in the art. UE 106 may be a device that provides network service access to a user. In an example where RAN 104 operates according to both LTE and 5G NR standards, UE 106 may be an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network-New Radio Dual Connectivity (EN-DC) UE that is capable of simultaneously connecting to an LTE base station and an NR base station to receive data packets from the LTE base station and the NR base station.

[0043] In this document, a mobile device does not necessarily need to have the ability to move, and can be stationary. The term mobile device or mobile device refers broadly to a variety of devices and technologies. A UE may include multiple hardware structural components whose size, shape, and arrangement facilitate communication; such components may include antennas, antenna arrays, RF chains, amplifiers, one or more processors, etc. that are electrically coupled to each other. For example, some non-limiting examples of mobile devices include mobile phones, cellular (cellular) phones, smart phones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, laptops, personal computers (PCs), notebooks, netbooks, smartbooks, tablets, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and various embedded systems, such as corresponding to the Internet of Things (IoT).

[0044] The mobile device may also be a car or other vehicle, a remote sensor or actuator, a robot or robotic device, a satellite radio, a global positioning system (GPS) device, an object tracking device, a drone, a multicopter, a quadcopter, a remote control device, a consumer and / or wearable device, such as glasses, a wearable camera, a virtual reality device, a smart watch, a health or fitness tracker, a digital audio player (e.g., an MP3 player), a camera, a game console, etc. The mobile device may also be a digital home or smart home device, such as home audio, video, and / or multimedia equipment, an appliance, a vending machine, smart lighting, a home security system, a smart meter, etc. The mobile device may also be a smart energy device, a security device, a solar panel or solar array, a municipal infrastructure device that controls power (e.g., a smart grid), lighting, water, etc., an industrial automation and enterprise device, a logistics controller, an agricultural device, etc. In addition, the mobile device may provide connected medical or telemedicine support, i.e., remote health care. Remote health devices may include remote health monitoring devices and remote health management devices, whose communications may be given priority treatment or priority access over other types of information, for example, in terms of priority access and / or associated QoS for critical service data transmission.

[0045] Wireless communication between RAN 104 and UE 106 can be described as utilizing an air interface. Transmissions from a base station (e.g., base station 108) to one or more UEs (e.g., UE 106) over an air interface can be referred to as downlink (DL) transmissions. In some examples, the term downlink can refer to point-to-multipoint transmissions originating from a base station (e.g., base station 108). Another way to describe this point-to-multipoint transmission scheme can be to use the term broadcast channel multiplexing. Transmissions from a UE (e.g., UE 106) to a base station (e.g., base station 108) can be referred to as uplink (UL) transmissions. In some examples, the term uplink can refer to point-to-point transmissions initiated at a UE (e.g., UE 106).

[0046] In some examples, access to the air interface may be scheduled, where a scheduling entity (e.g., a base station 108) allocates resources for communications between some or all devices and apparatuses within its service area or cell. In the present disclosure, as discussed further below, a scheduling entity may be responsible for scheduling, allocating, reconfiguring, and releasing resources for one or more scheduled entities (e.g., UEs). That is, for scheduled communications, multiple UEs 106, which may be scheduled entities, may utilize resources allocated by a scheduling entity (e.g., a base station 108).

[0047] Base station 108 is not the only entity that can be used as a scheduling entity. That is, in some examples, a UE can act as a scheduling entity and schedule resources for one or more scheduled entities (e.g., one or more other UEs). For example, a UE can communicate with other UEs in a peer-to-peer or device-to-device manner and / or in a relay configuration.

[0048] As Figure 1 shown, a scheduling entity (e.g., base station 108) can broadcast downlink traffic 112 to one or more scheduled entities (e.g., UE106). Broadly speaking, a scheduling entity is a node or device responsible for scheduling traffic in a wireless communication network, including downlink traffic 112 and, in some examples, uplink traffic 116 and / or uplink control information 118 from one or more scheduled entities to the scheduling entity. On the other hand, a scheduled entity is a node or device that receives downlink control information 114, which includes but is not limited to scheduling information (e.g., grant), synchronization or timing information, or other control information from another entity (e.g., a scheduling entity) in the wireless communication network.

[0049] In addition, uplink and / or downlink control information and / or traffic information can be time-divided into frames, sub-frames, time slots, and / or symbols. As used herein, a symbol can refer to the time unit in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform where each subcarrier carries one resource element (RE). In some examples, a time slot can carry 7 or 14 OFDM symbols. A sub-frame can refer to a duration of 1 millisecond (ms). Multiple sub-frames or time slots can be grouped together to form a single frame or radio frame. In the present disclosure, a frame can refer to a predetermined duration for wireless transmission (e.g., 10 ms), and each frame includes, for example, 10 sub-frames, each sub-frame being 1 ms. Of course, these definitions are not required, and any suitable scheme for organizing the waveform can be utilized, and the various time divisions of the waveform can have any suitable duration.

[0050] Generally, base station 108 can include a backhaul interface for communicating with the backhaul 120 of the wireless communication system. The backhaul 120 can provide a link between base station 108 and core network 102. In addition, in some examples, the backhaul network can provide an interconnection between individual base stations 108. Various types of backhaul interfaces can be used, such as direct physical connections using any suitable transport network, virtual networks, etc.

[0051] The core network 102 may be part of the wireless communication system 100 and may be independent of the radio access technology used in the RAN 104. In some examples, the core network 102 may be configured according to a 5G standard (e.g., 5GC). In other examples, the core network 102 may be configured according to a 4G Evolved Packet Core (EPC) or any other suitable standard or configuration.

[0052] Reference now Figure 2 , by way of example and not limitation, a schematic diagram of a radio access network (RAN) 200 is provided. In some examples, the RAN 200 may be similar to the RAN 200 described above and Figure 1 The same as the RAN 104 shown in FIG.

[0053] The geographic area covered by the RAN 200 may be divided into cellular areas (cells) that may be uniquely identified by a user equipment (UE) based on an identity broadcast from an access point or base station. Figure 2 Cells 202, 204, 206, and 208 are shown, each of which may include one or more sectors (not shown). A sector is a sub-area of ​​a cell. All sectors within a cell are served by the same base station. A radio link within a sector may be identified by a single logical identifier belonging to the sector. In a cell divided into sectors, multiple sectors within a cell may be formed by antenna groups, each antenna being responsible for communicating with UEs in a portion of the cell.

[0054] Various base station arrangements can be used. Figure 2 , two base stations 210 and 212 are shown in cells 202 and 204; and base station 214 is shown as controlling a remote radio head (RRH) 216 in cell 206. That is, the base station may have an integrated antenna, or may be connected to an antenna or RRH by a feeder cable. In the example shown, cells 202, 204, and 206 may be referred to as macro cells because base stations 210, 212, and 214 support cells with large sizes. In addition, base station 218 is shown in cell 208, which may overlap with one or more macro cells. In this example, cell 208 may be referred to as a small cell (e.g., a micro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, a home base station, a home node B, a home e Node B, etc.) because base station 218 supports a cell with a relatively small size. The cell size may be determined based on system design and component constraints.

[0055] It should be understood that the RAN 200 may include any number of wireless base stations and cells. In addition, relay nodes may be deployed to extend the size or coverage area of ​​a given cell. Base stations 210, 212, 214, 218 provide radio access points to the core network for any number of mobile devices. In some examples, base stations 210, 212, 214, and / or 218 may be similar to those described above and described in Figure 1 The base station / scheduling entity shown in is the same.

[0056] Figure 2 Also included is an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) 220, which can be a drone or a quadcopter. UAV 220 can be configured to act as a base station, or more specifically as a mobile base station. That is, in some examples, the cell is not necessarily stationary, and the geographic area of ​​the cell can move depending on the location of the mobile base station (such as UAV 220).

[0057] Within the RAN 200, cells may include UEs that may communicate with one or more sectors of each cell. In addition, each base station 210, 212, 214, and 218 may be configured to provide access to the core network 102 (see FIG. 1 ) for all UEs in the respective cells. Figure 1 ) access point. For example, UEs 222 and 224 may communicate with base station 210; UEs 226 and 228 may communicate with base station 212; UEs 230 and 232 may communicate with base station 214 via RRH 216; and UE 234 may communicate with base station 218. In some examples, UEs 222, 224, 226, 228, 230, 232, 234, 236, 238, 240, and / or 242 may communicate with the base stations described above and Figure 1 In some examples, UAV 220 (e.g., a quadcopter) may be a mobile network node and may be configured to function as a UE. For example, UAV 220 may operate within cell 202 by communicating with base station 210.

[0058] On the other hand, in RAN 200, sidelink signals can be used between UEs without relying on scheduling or control information from the base station. For example, sidelink communication can be used in device-to-device (D2D) networks, peer-to-peer (P2P) networks, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) networks, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks, and / or other suitable sidelink networks. For example, two or more UEs (e.g., UEs 238, 240, and 242) can use sidelink signal 237 to communicate with each other without relaying the communication through the base station. In some examples, UEs 238, 240, and 242 can each act as a scheduling entity or a transmitting sidelink device and / or a scheduled entity or a receiving sidelink device to schedule resources and transmit sidelink signal 237 between them without relying on scheduling or control information from the base station. In other examples, two or more UEs (e.g., UEs 226 and 228) within the coverage area of a base station (e.g., base station 212) can also transmit sidelink signal 227 through a direct link (sidelink) without transmitting the communication through base station 212. In this example, base station 212 can allocate resources to UEs 226 and 228 for sidelink communication.

[0059] In RAN 200, the ability of a UE to communicate while moving regardless of its location is referred to as mobility. The various physical channels between the UE and the radio access network are typically established, maintained, and released under the control of an access and mobility management function (AMF, not shown, Figure 1 which is part of core network 102), and this function can include a security context management function (SCMF) that manages the security context for both the control plane and user plane functions, as well as a security anchor function (SEAF) that performs authentication.

[0060] The RAN 200 may utilize DL-based mobility or UL-based mobility to implement mobility and handover (i.e., transferring the UE's connection from one radio channel to another). In a network configured for DL-based mobility, during a call with a scheduling entity, or at any other time, the UE may monitor various parameters of the signal from its serving cell and various parameters of neighboring cells. Based on the quality of these parameters, the UE may maintain communication with one or more neighboring cells. During this period, if the UE moves from one cell to another, or if the signal quality from a neighboring cell exceeds the signal quality from the serving cell for a given amount of time, the UE may perform a handover or handover from the serving cell to the neighboring (target) cell. For example, a UE 224 (illustrated as a vehicle, although any suitable form of UE may be used) may move from a geographic area corresponding to its serving cell (e.g., cell 202) to a geographic area corresponding to a neighboring cell (e.g., cell 206). When the signal strength or quality from a neighboring cell exceeds the signal strength or quality of the serving cell for a given amount of time, the UE 224 may send a report message to its serving base station (e.g., base station 210) to indicate this condition. In response, UE 224 may receive a handover command, and the UE may perform a handover to cell 206 .

[0061] In a network configured for UL-based mobility, the UL reference signal from each UE can be used by the network to select a serving cell for each UE. In some examples, base stations 210, 212, and 214 / 216 can broadcast a unified synchronization signal (e.g., a unified primary synchronization signal (PSS), a unified secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and a unified physical broadcast channel (PBCH)). UE222, 224, 226, 228, 230, and 232 can receive the unified synchronization signal, derive the carrier frequency and slot timing from the synchronization signal, and send an uplink pilot or reference signal in response to the derived timing. The uplink pilot signal sent by a UE (e.g., UE 224) can be received simultaneously by two or more cells (e.g., base stations 210 and 214 / 216) within the RAN 200. Each cell can measure the strength of the pilot signal, and the radio access network (e.g., one or more of base stations 210 and 214 / 216 and / or a central node within the core network) can determine the serving cell of UE 224. As the UE 224 moves through the RAN 200, the network may continue to monitor the uplink pilot signals sent by the UE 224. When the signal strength or quality of the pilot signals measured by the neighboring cell exceeds the signal strength or quality measured by the serving cell, the RAN 200 may switch the UE 224 from the serving cell to the neighboring cell with or without notifying the UE 224.

[0062] Although the synchronization signals transmitted by base stations 210, 212 and 214 / 216 may be uniform, the synchronization signals may not identify a specific cell, but may identify a region of multiple cells operating at the same frequency and / or the same timing. The use of regions in a 5G network or other next generation communication network implements an uplink-based mobility framework and improves the efficiency of the UE and the network because the number of mobility messages that need to be exchanged between the UE and the network can be reduced.

[0063] In various implementations, the air interface in the RAN 200 may utilize licensed spectrum, unlicensed spectrum, or shared spectrum. Licensed spectrum provides exclusive use of a portion of the spectrum, typically through the purchase of a license by a mobile network operator from a government regulator. Unlicensed spectrum provides shared use of a portion of the spectrum without the need for a government-granted license. While some technical rules generally still need to be followed to access unlicensed spectrum, generally any operator or device can gain access. Shared spectrum may be between licensed and unlicensed spectrum, where technical rules or restrictions may be required to access the spectrum, but the spectrum may still be shared by multiple operators and / or multiple radio access technologies (RATs). For example, a licensee of a portion of licensed spectrum may provide licensed shared access (LSA) to share the spectrum with other parties, for example, to obtain access under appropriate conditions determined by the licensee.

[0064] Based on frequency / wavelength, the electromagnetic spectrum is generally subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc. In 5GNR, two initial operating bands are identified as frequency ranges labeled FR1 (410MHz–7.125GHz) and FR2 (24.25GHz–52.6GHz). It should be understood that although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6GHz, FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a sub-6GHz band in various documents and articles. FR2 sometimes has a similar naming problem (in the literature and articles, FR2 is often referred to as (interchangeably with) the "millimeter wave band", although it is different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30GHz–300GHz) identified as a "millimeter wave" band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

[0065] Frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are generally referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR research has identified operating bands for these mid-band frequencies as the frequency range designation FR3 (7.125 GHz–24.25 GHz). Frequency bands that fall into FR3 may inherit FR1 characteristics and / or FR2 characteristics, and thus may effectively extend the characteristics of FR1 and / or FR2 to mid-band frequencies. In addition, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operations above 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating frequency bands are identified as the frequency range designations FR4-a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz–71 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz–114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz–300 GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands belongs to the EHF band.

[0066] In view of the above, unless otherwise stated, it should be understood that the term "sub-6 GHz" and the like, if used herein, can broadly refer to frequencies below 6 GHz, can be within FR1, or can include mid-band frequencies. In addition, unless otherwise stated, it should be understood that the term "millimeter wave" and the like, if used herein, can broadly refer to frequencies that can include mid-band frequencies, can be within FR2, FR4, FR4-a or FR4-1 and / or FR5, or can be within the EHF band.

[0067] The air interface in the RAN 200 may utilize one or more multiplexing and multiple access algorithms to enable simultaneous communication of various devices. For example, the 5G NR specification utilizes orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix (CP) to provide multiple access for UL transmissions from UEs 222 and 224 to the base station 210, and multiplexing for DL ​​transmissions from the base station 210 to one or more UEs 222 and 224. In addition, for UL transmissions, the 5G NR specification provides support for discrete Fourier transform-spread-OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) with CP (also known as single carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA)). However, within the scope of the present disclosure, multiplexing and multiple access are not limited to the above schemes, and may be provided using time division multiple access (TDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), sparse code multiple access (SCMA), resource extension multiple access (RSMA), or other suitable multiple access schemes. In addition, multiplexed DL transmissions from base station 210 to UEs 222 and 224 may be provided using time division multiplexing (TDM), code division multiplexing (CDM), frequency division multiplexing (FDM), orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), sparse code multiplexing (SCM), or other suitable multiplexing schemes.

[0068] The air interface in the RAN 200 may further utilize one or more duplex algorithms. Duplex refers to a point-to-point communication link in which two endpoints can communicate with each other bidirectionally. Full-duplex means that two endpoints can communicate with each other at the same time. Half-duplex means that only one endpoint can send information to the other endpoint at a time. Wireless links utilizing time division duplex (TDD) often implement half-duplex emulation. In TDD, transmissions in different directions on a given channel are separated from each other using time division multiplexing. That is, at certain times, the channel is dedicated to transmissions in one direction, and at other times, the channel is dedicated to transmissions in the other direction, where the direction can change very quickly, such as several times per time slot. In wireless links, full-duplex channels generally rely on physical isolation of the transmitter and receiver, as well as appropriate interference cancellation techniques. Wireless links generally employ frequency division duplex (FDD) or space division duplex (SDD) to implement full-duplex emulation. In FDD, transmissions in different directions operate at different carrier frequencies. In SDD, transmissions in different directions on a given channel are separated from each other using space division multiplexing (SDM). In other examples, full-duplex communication can be implemented within an unpaired spectrum (e.g., within a single carrier bandwidth), where transmissions in different directions occur within different sub-bands of the carrier bandwidth. This type of full-duplex communication can be referred to as sub-band full-duplex (SBFD), cross-division duplex (xDD), or flexible duplex.

[0069] Various aspects of the present disclosure will be described with reference to OFDM waveforms. Figure 3 An example of an OFDM waveform is schematically shown in FIG. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various aspects of the present disclosure may be applied to SC-FDMA waveforms in substantially the same manner as described below. That is, although some examples of the present disclosure may focus on OFDM links for clarity, it will be appreciated that the same principles may also be applied to SC-FDMA waveforms.

[0070] Reference now Figure 3 , shows an expanded view of an example subframe 302, showing an OFDM resource grid. However, as will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art, the physical (PHY) layer transmission structure for any particular application may differ from the examples described herein, depending on many factors. Here, time is in the horizontal direction, in units of OFDM symbols; and frequency is in the vertical direction, in units of subcarriers of a carrier.

[0071] Resource grid 304 can be used to schematically represent the time-frequency resources of a given antenna port. That is, in a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) implementation with multiple available antenna ports, corresponding multiple resource grids 304 can be used for communication. Resource grid 304 is divided into multiple resource elements (RE) 306. RE is 1 subcarrier × 1 symbol, is the smallest discrete part of the time-frequency grid, and contains a single complex value representing data from a physical channel or signal. Depending on the modulation used in a specific implementation, each RE can represent one or more information bits. In some examples, a block of REs can be referred to as a physical resource block (PRB) or more simply a resource block (RB) 308, which contains any suitable number of consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. In one example, an RB can include 12 subcarriers, which is independent of the parameter set (numerology) used. In some examples, depending on the parameter set, an RB can include any suitable number of consecutive OFDM symbols in the time domain. In the present disclosure, it is assumed that a single RB such as RB 308 corresponds entirely to a single communication direction (either sending or receiving for a given device).

[0072] A group of contiguous or discontinuous resource blocks may be referred to herein as a resource block group (RBG), a subband, or a bandwidth part (BWP). A group of subbands or BWPs may span the entire bandwidth. Scheduling of a scheduled entity (e.g., a UE) for downlink, uplink, or sidelink transmission typically involves scheduling one or more resource elements 306 within one or more subbands or bandwidth parts (BWPs). Thus, a UE typically utilizes only a subset of a resource grid 304. In some examples, an RB may be the smallest resource unit that may be allocated to a UE. Thus, the more RBs scheduled for a UE, the higher the modulation scheme selected for the air interface, and the higher the data rate of the UE. The RBs may be scheduled by a scheduling entity such as a base station (e.g., gNB, eNB, etc.), or may be self-scheduled by a UE implementing D2D sidelink communication.

[0073] In this illustration, RB 308 is shown as occupying less than the entire bandwidth of subframe 302, with some subcarriers shown above and below RB 308. In a given implementation, subframe 302 may have a bandwidth corresponding to any number of one or more RBs 308. Additionally, in this illustration, RB 308 is shown as occupying less than the entire duration of subframe 302, although this is merely one possible example.

[0074] Each 1 ms subframe 302 may include one or more adjacent time slots. Figure 3In the example shown, as an illustrative example, a subframe 302 includes four time slots 310. In some examples, time slots can be defined according to a specified number of OFDM symbols with a given cyclic prefix (CP) length. For example, a time slot can include 7 or 14 OFDM symbols with a nominal CP. Additional examples may include micro-time slots with shorter durations (e.g., one to three OFDM symbols), sometimes referred to as shortened transmission time intervals (TTIs). In some cases, these micro-time slots or shortened transmission time intervals (TTIs) may occupy resources scheduled for ongoing time slot transmissions of the same or different UEs. Any number of resource blocks may be used within a subframe or time slot.

[0075] An expanded view of one of the time slots 310 shows the time slot 310 including a control region 312 and a data region 314. In general, the control region 312 may carry control channels, and the data region 314 may carry data channels. Of course, a time slot may contain all DL, all UL, or at least one DL portion and at least one UL portion. Figure 3 The structure shown in is merely an example, and different slot structures may be utilized and may include one or more of each of the control region(s) and the data region(s).

[0076] although Figure 3 Although not shown in the figure, each RE 306 within the RB 308 can be scheduled to carry one or more physical channels, including control channels, shared channels, data channels, etc. Other REs 306 within the RB 308 can also carry pilot or reference signals. These pilot or reference signals can provide a channel estimate of the corresponding channel for the receiving device, which can achieve coherent demodulation / detection of the control and / or data channels within the RB 308.

[0077] In some examples, time slot 310 may be used for broadcast, multicast, groupcast, or unicast communications. For example, broadcast, multicast, or groupcast communications may refer to point-to-multipoint transmissions from one device (e.g., a base station, UE, or other similar device) to other devices. Here, broadcast communications are transmitted to all devices, while multicast or groupcast communications are transmitted to multiple intended receiving devices. Unicast communications may refer to point-to-point transmissions from one device to a single other device.

[0078] In an example of cellular communication on a cellular carrier via a Uu interface, for DL ​​transmission, a scheduling entity (e.g., a base station) may allocate one or more REs 306 (e.g., within a control region 312) to carry DL control information including one or more DL control channels (such as a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH)) to one or more scheduled entities (e.g., UEs). The PDCCH carries downlink control information (DCI), including but not limited to power control commands (e.g., one or more open-loop power control parameters and / or one or more closed-loop power control parameters), scheduling information, grants, and / or allocations of REs for DL ​​and UL transmissions. The PDCCH may also carry hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback transmissions, such as acknowledgements (ACKs) or negative acknowledgements (NACKs). HARQ is a technique well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, in which the integrity of packet transmissions may be checked on the receiving side to ensure accuracy, for example, using any suitable integrity check mechanism, such as a checksum or a cyclic redundancy check (CRC). If the integrity of the transmission is confirmed, an ACK may be sent, and if it is not confirmed, a NACK may be sent. In response to the NACK, the transmitting device may send a HARQ retransmission, which may enable pursuit combining, incremental redundancy, and the like.

[0079] The base station may also allocate one or more REs 306 (e.g., in the control region 312 or the data region 314) to carry other DL signals, such as a demodulation reference signal (DMRS); a phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS); a channel state information (CSI) reference signal (CSI-RS); and a synchronization signal block (SSB). The SSBs may be broadcast at regular intervals based on a periodicity (e.g., 5, 10, 20, 30, 80, or 130 milliseconds). The SSBs include a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and a physical broadcast control channel (PBCH). The UE may utilize the PSS and SSS to achieve radio frame, subframe, time slot, and symbol synchronization in the time domain, identify the center of the channel (system) bandwidth in the frequency domain, and identify the physical cell identity (PCI) of the cell.

[0080] The PBCH in the SSB may also include a master information block (MIB), which includes various system information and parameters for decoding a system information block (SIB). The SIB may be, for example, SystemInformationType 1 (SIB1), which may include various additional (remaining) system information. Together, the MIB and SIB1 provide minimum system information (SI) for initial access. Examples of system information transmitted in the MIB may include, but are not limited to, subcarrier spacing (e.g., default downlink parameter set), system frame number, configuration of a PDCCH control resource set (CORESET) (e.g., PDCCH CORESET0), cell barring indicator, cell reselection indicator, grid offset, and search space of SIB1. Examples of remaining minimum system information (RMSI) transmitted in SIB1 may include, but are not limited to, random access search space, paging search space, downlink configuration information, and uplink configuration information. The base station may also send other system information (OSI).

[0081] In UL transmission, the scheduled entity (e.g., UE) may utilize one or more REs 306 to carry UL control information (UCI) including one or more UL control channels (such as, physical uplink control channel (PUCCH)) to the scheduling entity. UCI may include various packet types and categories, including pilots, reference signals, and information configured to implement or assist in decoding uplink data transmission. Examples of uplink reference signals may include sounding reference signals (SRS) and uplink DMRS. In some examples, UCI may include a scheduling request (SR), i.e., a request to the scheduling entity to schedule uplink transmission. Here, in response to the SR sent on the UCI, the scheduling entity may send downlink control information (DCI), which may schedule resources for uplink packet transmission. UCI may also include HARQ feedback, channel state feedback (CSF) (such as CSI report), or any other suitable UCI.

[0082] In addition to control information, one or more REs 306 may be allocated for data traffic (e.g., within the data region 314). Such data traffic may be carried on one or more traffic channels, such as, for DL ​​transmissions, on a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH); or for UL transmissions, on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH). In some examples, one or more REs 306 within the data region 314 may be configured to carry other signals, such as one or more SIBs and DMRS.

[0083] In an example of sidelink communication on a sidelink carrier via a proximity service (ProSe) PC5 interface, a control region 312 of a time slot 310 may include a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) including sidelink control information (SCI) sent by an initiating (transmitting) sidelink device (e.g., a transmitting (Tx) V2X device or other Tx UE) to a group of one or more other receiving sidelink devices (e.g., a receiving (Rx) V2X device or some other Rx UE). A data region 314 of the time slot 310 may include a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) including sidelink data traffic sent by the initiating (transmitting) sidelink device on the sidelink carrier via resources reserved by the SCI. Other information may be further sent on each RE 306 within the time slot 310. For example, HARQ feedback information may be sent from a receiving sidelink device to a transmitting sidelink device in a physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH) within the time slot 310. Additionally, one or more reference signals may be sent within slot 310, such as a sidelink SSB, a sidelink CSI-RS, a sidelink SRS, and / or a sidelink positioning reference signal (PRS).

[0084] These physical channels are typically multiplexed and mapped to transport channels for processing at the media access control (MAC) layer. Transport channels carry information blocks called transport blocks (TBs). Based on the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) and the number of RBs in a given transmission, the transport block size (TBS), which may correspond to the number of information bits, may be a controlled parameter.

[0085] Referenced above Figure 1-3 The channels or carriers described are not necessarily all channels or carriers that may be used between a scheduling entity and a scheduled entity, and one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that other channels or carriers may be used in addition to those shown, such as other traffic, control, and feedback channels.

[0086] Commercial power amplifiers, such as those used in wireless communication devices such as UEs and base stations, typically exhibit non-linear behavior at higher input power levels. Figure 4 Graph 402 of FIG. 4 shows an example of a power output (Pout) versus power input (Pin) characteristic of a power amplifier (PA). It can be seen here that at low levels of Pin, the amplification of the PA is linear. However, as Pin increases, the amplification becomes nonlinear and the PA eventually reaches a so-called saturation point (e.g., further increases in Pin result in little or no increase in Pout).

[0087] This nonlinearity can result in in-band and out-of-band distortion of the amplified signal, as well as a degraded (e.g., larger) error vector magnitude (EVM) at the signal receiver. To avoid this nonlinearity, the power amplifier can be operated at an average input power several decibels (dB) below the saturation point. The appropriate power level can be determined by determining the input power that keeps the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the signal below a certain level. For example, if the PAPR of the signal is x dB, an input backoff (IBO) of x dB can be used to avoid the nonlinear region of the PA, even at the peak of the input signal. Here, IBO can be defined as the distance between the operating range of the PA (e.g., the average input power represented by the first vertical dashed line 403a) and the input power at the saturation point (e.g., the average input power represented by the second vertical dashed line 403b).

[0088] Figure 4 Three examples of IBO values ​​are shown in graphs 404, 406, and 408. Graph 404 shows an IBO 410 that is much larger than the PAPR. This results in inefficient use of the PA because the highest output power 412 achieved is much lower than the output power that the PA can provide within its linear range. Graph 406 shows an IBO 414 that is approximately equal to the PAPR. This results in efficient use of the PA because the highest output power 416 achieved is relatively closer to the output power that the PA can provide while still operating within the linear operating range of the PA. Graph 408 shows an IBO 418 that is much smaller than the PAPR. This results in the PA operating in a nonlinear region (near saturation) at and near the highest output power 420 (e.g., when the PAPR is relatively high).

[0089] The use of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) signaling is known to result in significant PAPR in some cases. This PAPR increases with the size of the frequency block. 5G NR is being developed to support higher data rates than LTE. Therefore, the 5G NR OFDM block size may be larger than the LTE block size. Therefore, 5G NR transmissions may have a higher PAPR.

[0090] Some PAPR reduction techniques may be data dependent and computationally expensive. Therefore, these techniques may not be suitable for real-time implementation in the context of a 5G NR transmitter. Another PAPR reduction technique, clipping and filtering (CF), may be more suitable for real-time implementation. However, CF may cause in-band distortion and generally does not converge to an ideal solution.

[0091] 5G NR provides relatively abundant bandwidth in both uplink and downlink. For example, 5G NR adopts frequency range 2 (FR2) and increased bandwidth (e.g., up to 100 MHz in the sub-6 GHz frequency range). This additional bandwidth can be utilized by using longer OFDM symbols. However, using longer OFDM symbols may increase PAPR.

[0092] Tone reservation is another PAPR reduction technique. Advantageously, additional bandwidth (e.g., as in 5G NR) can be used for PAPR reduction in a tone reservation scheme. For example, tone reservation can include the transmitter using idle tones (e.g., subcarriers) to reduce the PAPR of an OFDM signal. For a given OFDM symbol, the amplitude and phase of the reserved tones can be optimized to minimize the PAPR of the associated signal. In some cases, there may be no overlap between the data tones and the reserved tones. In these cases, tone reservation can be used without adding distortion to the signal (e.g., without increasing EVM or adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR)). The receiver can simply ignore the portion of the signal associated with the reserved tones and only decode the portion of the signal associated with the data tones.

[0093] In tone reservation, the amplitude and phase of the reserved tone can be adjusted for each OFDM symbol. In addition, a generally acceptable index assignment can be determined for the peak reduction tone (PRT). Pre-fixing the location of the PRT can significantly improve the complexity of the transmitter because no optimization needs to be done in real time. For example, if the UE is granted 2 RBs (e.g., 24 tones) for transmission and half of the available tones are used as PRTs, any subset of the 24 available tones can be selected for PRT as long as the gNB is aware of the selection (e.g., by signaling or by pre-specifying the tone locations). In some examples, the UE can determine the PRT location by specifying the PRT location. Figure 5 The signal 500 shown is subjected to an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to obtain a waveform. Here, short lines (eg, line 502) represent PRTs, and long lines (eg, line 504) represent data signals (eg, collectively referred to as OFDM symbols).

[0094] In some cases, PRT position selection can be performed by randomly selecting a set of PRT indices representing PRT positions, generating an OFDM signal based on the PRT and data tone, and determining whether the PAPR of the resulting signal meets a PAPR threshold. However, due to the random nature of the PRT selection for each iteration, these methods may introduce unnecessary processing, which may result in reduced performance. In addition, the base station may not be aware of the selection of the PRT. Therefore, it may be necessary to signal the selection to the base station for decoding by the base station, thereby increasing the signaling overhead.

[0095] Various aspects of the techniques and apparatus described herein facilitate PRT reservation to reduce the PAPR of a power amplifier (e.g., in a UE, BS, or some other communication device). In some aspects, the frequency modulation reservation techniques described herein can facilitate determining PRT positions based on established patterns, sequences, tables, etc. In this way, the PRT positions (e.g., PRT indexes) may not need to be determined in real time. Advantageously, this can reduce the processing overhead of the transmitter. Therefore, power consumption and processing time during transmission can be saved, thereby improving communication performance.

[0096] In some aspects, a base station may allocate to a UE a set of transmission tones including a set of data tones and a set of PRTs. The set of transmission tones may indicate a set of PRT positions arranged relative to a set of data tone positions according to a PRT subsequence of a general PRT sequence associated with a particular bandwidth. The PRT subsequence may correspond to a subband of a bandwidth associated with a resource allocation. In some aspects, the UE may be able to use all PRT tones in the general PRT sequence.

[0097] In view of the above, aspects described herein can provide an efficient PRT selection scheme that enables the UE to determine the PRT position with reduced processing overhead and reduced signaling overhead. In some aspects, multiple PRT sequences, PRT subsequences, or other similar technologies can be used. These different technologies may have different power limits. The base station can scan the PRT sequence and / or instruct the UE to perform rate matching around one or more PRT subsequences, PRT sequences, etc. Therefore, transmission conflicts can be reduced without excessive signaling overhead.

[0098] Tone reservation can be performed by determining a PRT, wherein the PRT is configured to reduce the peak value of the resulting OFDM signal so that the PAPR of the resulting signal meets a threshold. The PRT can be generated using a signal clipping noise ratio tone reservation (SCR-TR) algorithm. The SCR-TR algorithm can be used to optimize the values ​​of the PRT tones based at least in part on their locations. In other examples, other PRT-based algorithms can be used.

[0099] A set of N transmit tones may be allocated to the UE, with the set of N transmit tones having a corresponding set of tone position indices {1,...,N}. Assume Φ is a subset of {1,...,N} corresponding to the PRT positions. The remaining transmit tone positions may be allocated to data tones, with a subset of tone position indices {1,...,N}\Φ. The frequency domain kernel P i It can be constructed as shown in Equation 1:

[0100]

[0101] Here, p = ifft(P). In addition, X can be frequency domain data. Therefore, i∈Φ, X i = 0. In addition, x = ifft(X).

[0102] If the position of the PRT is chosen appropriately and if the number of reserved tones is large enough, the time domain kernel p can take the form of narrow increments. For example, the time domain kernel p can correspond to Figure 6 The dashed waveform 602 in the time domain diagram 600 of FIG. Figure 6 The solid line waveform 604 in shows an example of a waveform in which the PAPR will be reduced.

[0103] A cyclic shift is performed on the core p so that the maximum peak value 606 of the core p is shifted to match the maximum peak value 608 of the data signal, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 Therefore, the peak value of the waveform can be reduced by subtracting the kernel p from the data waveform (with an appropriate scaling factor).

[0104] In the next iteration of the algorithm (if applicable), another shift is performed so that the maximum peak 606 of the kernel p matches the maximum peak of the modified waveform (i.e., after kernel p is subtracted from the waveform). For example, peak 610 ( Figure 6 The next maximum peak of the modified waveform may be the maximum peak of the modified waveform. The process is repeated until the desired PAPR reduction is achieved.

[0105] The cyclic shift p in the time domain does not affect the position of the PRT in the frequency domain. Instead, this cyclic shift only disturbs the phase of the PRT. In addition, the cyclic shift does not affect the data frequency modulation in the frequency domain. Therefore, the set of data frequency modulation and the set of PRT remain disjoint.

[0106] According to the SCR-TR algorithm, the location of the maximum peak of x is identified. Then, j (where j∈[N]) is used to represent the index of this location. The SCR-TR algorithm includes a cyclic shift p (e.g., by the formula p j =circshift(p,j)) so that the peaks are aligned. The SCR-TR algorithm also includes subtracting the scaled and shifted p from x, as shown in Equation 2:

[0107]

[0108] Here, x is the original waveform, x new is the new waveform, μ is the target peak, <x(j) is the phase of x(j), and This process may be iterated several times to reduce several peaks. i＜x(j) Ensure that j has the same phase as x at the specific location of the maximum peak. is a scaling factor to ensure that the final value of the peak is equal to μ.

[0109] After generating a waveform with a desired PAPR, the UE can send the waveform to the base station. The base station can then send the PRT sequence (e.g., Figure 5 All PRT positions (as shown) are set to zero to reconstruct the original waveform.

[0110] Figure 7 Several examples of PAPR reduction that can be achieved by using tone reservation are shown. The curve on the left side of each graph represents the PAPR after running the algorithm (e.g., the PAPR in each graph is reduced to about 6 dB). Graphs 702 and 704 show examples of 64 data tones. Graphs 706 and 708 show examples of 96 data tones.

[0111] In some aspects, the present disclosure relates to allocating PRT resources for supplementary uplink (SUL). In 5G NR, a legacy carrier may be paired with a low-frequency carrier, referred to as a SUL carrier, for coverage enhancement. In a SUL scheme (e.g., as opposed to a carrier aggregation scheme), a UE may transmit on a SUL carrier or a non-SUL carrier (e.g., a primary / regular carrier). In some examples, the SUL carrier may use a frequency band in a frequency range similar to that used for 4G wireless communications (e.g., below 3 GHz).

[0112] Compared to non-SUL carriers, SUL carriers generally provide better coverage (e.g., due to lower path loss at lower frequencies). In addition, using SUL carriers can improve diversity. Thus, for example, in coverage-limited situations, a UE can use a SUL carrier. Here, a UE can switch from a higher frequency band primary carrier (e.g., a 5G NR carrier) to a lower frequency band SUL carrier, where the lower frequency band SUL carrier can provide better coverage than the primary carrier. Conversely, if there are no coverage issues, the UE can remain on the primary carrier (e.g., which can support a higher data rate).

[0113] By using PRT for the SUL carrier, the transmit power on the SUL may be increased (eg, by reducing the PAPR and enabling operation closer to the saturation point of the transmit power amplifier). Thus, the coverage of the UE on the SUL carrier may be improved.

[0114] In some aspects, the present disclosure relates to using different PRT sequences (e.g., two or more PRT sequences) for different carriers (e.g., two or more carriers). Depending on which carrier is active, the corresponding PRT sequence will be used. The PRT sequence used for each carrier is a subset of the available frequency tones within that carrier.

[0115] In some examples, (e.g., where the UE needs to improve its coverage), there may be a PRT sequence that is used only for the SUL carrier. That is, the PRT may not be used in non-SUL carriers (e.g., so that all frequency modulation can be used for data). In this case, the PRT sequence may not be defined or may not be used for non-SUL carriers. As an example, the base station may send a message to the UE (e.g., a radio resource control (RRC) configuration message) to instruct the UE to activate only the PRT sequence for the SUL carrier. In this case, the UE may be configured not to activate the PRT sequence for non-SUL carriers. As another example, the UE may choose (e.g., autonomously choose) to activate only the PRT sequence for the SUL carrier.

[0116] In some examples, a PRT sequence may be defined and used for both SUL carriers and non-SUL carriers. For example, this approach may be used to improve spectral efficiency.

[0117] The decision of the base station or UE as to whether to activate the PRT for the non-SUL carrier may be based on traffic or other factors. For example, if the base station or UE determines that a relatively large number of UEs are transmitting on the same time resources, and these UEs are frequency division multiplexed, the base station or UE may determine that the frequency resources are relatively scarce. In this case, the base station or UE may choose not to use PRT (or use less PRT) on the SUL carrier, so that most or all of the frequency modulation is used to send data.

[0118] Figure 8 800 is a frequency domain diagram illustrating a first PRT sequence (PRT sequence 1) defined for a SUL carrier associated with a first frequency band 802 and a second PRT sequence (PRT sequence 2) defined for a SUL carrier associated with a second frequency band 804. In some examples, placing a set of PRTs close to a set of data tones may provide optimal performance. Therefore, different PRT sequences may be defined for different frequency bands (e.g., if the frequency bands are not close to each other).

[0119] In some cases, the PRT density of the two carriers can be different. For example, the PRT density of the SUL carrier can be higher than the PRT density of the non-SUL carrier because the SUL carrier will generally be activated in coverage-limited situations and more PRTs can provide lower PAPR. In contrast, when coverage is not limited, the non-SUL carrier can be used, so in this case, it may be more advantageous to use all frequency tones to send data. In contrast, for other cases (e.g., when PRTs are used to improve spectral efficiency), the PRT density of the two carriers can be similar.

[0120] Fig. 9An example of signaling 900 in a wireless communication network including a base station (BS) 902 and a user equipment (UE) 904 is shown. In some examples, the BS 902 may correspond to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Fig.13 In some examples, UE 904 may correspond to any BS or scheduling entity shown in any one or more of Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Fig.10 Any UE or scheduled entity shown in any one or more of .

[0121] exist Fig. 9 906, BS 902 determines the SUL PRT sequence. For example, BS 902 may generate a PRT sequence for a specific SUL frequency band (e.g., using the PRT sequence generation techniques described herein). As another example, BS 902 may select a PRT sequence from a set of PRT sequences that have been predefined (e.g., by a wireless communication standard or in some other manner). For example, different groups of PRT sequences may be predefined for different frequency bands. In some cases, a table including entries for each predefined PRT sequence may be defined. Thus, the base station may select a predefined PRT sequence corresponding to (e.g., most closely matching) the frequency band of the SUL (e.g., selecting a corresponding index in a table). In other examples, other PRT sequence determination techniques may be used.

[0122] At 908, BS 902 sends an indication of a PRT sequence to be used for the SUL carrier to UE 904. For example, BS 902 may send an RRC configuration message or send a grant in a DCI message that includes the indication of the PRT sequence.

[0123] In some examples, the PRT sequence to be used (e.g., the PRT sequence determined at 906) can depend on the data rate, the size of the BWP, and / or other factors. Thus, 908 can include BS 902 sending a new indication of the PRT sequence to be used (e.g., in a DCI message) whenever resource allocation or other scheduling changes.

[0124] At optional 910, BS 902 may determine a non-SUL PRT sequence. For example, BS 902 may generate a PRT sequence for a specific NR carrier frequency band (e.g., using the PRT sequence generation techniques described herein). As another example, BS 902 may select a PRT sequence from a set of PRT sequences that have been predefined (e.g., by a wireless communication standard or in some other manner). For example, different sets of PRT sequences may be predefined for different frequency bands. Thus, the base station may select a predefined PRT sequence that corresponds to (e.g., most closely matches) the frequency band of the NR carrier. In other examples, other PRT sequence determination techniques may be used.

[0125] At optional 912, BS 902 may send an indication of a PRT sequence to be used for non-SUL carriers to UE 904. For example, BS 902 may send an RRC configuration message or send a grant in a DCI message that includes an indication of the PRT sequence.

[0126] In some examples, the PRT sequence to be used (e.g., the PRT sequence determined at 910) can depend on the data rate, the size of the BWP, and / or other factors. Thus, 912 can include BS 902 sending a new indication of the PRT sequence to be used (e.g., in a DCI message) whenever resource allocation or other scheduling changes.

[0127] At 914, BS 902 schedules UE 904 for UL transmission. For example, BS 902 may schedule resources on the NR carrier and on the SUL carrier.

[0128] At 916, BS 902 sends an indication of a SUL resource allocation to UE 904. In some examples, the resource allocation can be based on the SUL PRT sequence determined at 906.

[0129] At 918, BS 902 sends an indication of a non-SUL resource allocation to UE 904. In some examples, the resource allocation can be based on the non-SUL PRT sequence determined at 910.

[0130] At 920, the UE 904 determines whether to use a PRT sequence for UL transmissions on a non-SUL carrier. For example, the BS 902 may have previously indicated to the UE 904 that the PRT will not be used on the non-SUL carrier. The indication may be explicit (e.g., an indication in an RRC message) or implicit (e.g., the base station sends a SUL PRT sequence to the UE 904 instead of a non-SUL PRT sequence). In some examples, if the BS 902 detects a high traffic load (e.g., above a threshold) on the non-SUL carrier, the BS 902 may choose to avoid using the PRT in the non-SUL carrier. As another example, the UE 904 may autonomously determine whether to use the PRT on the non-SUL carrier (e.g., based on the UE traffic).

[0131] At 922, UE 904 sends a data transmission on the non-SUL carrier. Based on the determination at 920, the transmission may or may not be based on the non-SUL PRT sequence.

[0132] At 924, BS 902 receives the data transmission on the non-SUL carrier. Here, decoding of the data transmission can be based on the non-SUL PRT sequence, if applicable.

[0133] At some point in time, UE 904 may switch to the SUL carrier for UL transmissions at 926. For example, if UE 904 detects a coverage-limited situation, UE 904 may switch to a lower frequency SUL carrier that may provide better coverage than a non-SUL carrier.

[0134] At 928, the UE 904 sends a data transmission on the SUL carrier. The transmission may be based on the PRT sequences discussed herein.

[0135] At 930, BS 902 receives a data transmission on the SUL carrier. Here, decoding of the data transmission may be based on the SUL PRT sequences discussed herein.

[0136] Fig.10 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a hardware implementation of a UE 1000 employing a processing system 1014. For example, the UE 1000 may be a 5G UE or other device configured to wirelessly communicate with a base station, such as Figure 1-9 In some implementations, the UE 1000 may correspond to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Fig. 9 Any UE or scheduled entity shown in any one or more of .

[0137] According to various aspects of the present disclosure, any combination of elements or any part of elements or elements can be implemented with processing system 1014. Processing system 1014 may include one or more processors 1004. Examples of processor 1004 include microprocessors, microcontrollers, digital signal processors (DSPs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), state machines, gated logic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform various functions described throughout the present disclosure. In various examples, UE 1000 may be configured to perform any one or more of the one or more functions described herein. That is, the processor 1004 used in UE 1000 may be used to implement any one or more of the processes and steps described herein.

[0138] In some cases, the processor 1004 may be implemented via a baseband or modem chip, and in other implementations, the processor 1004 itself may include multiple devices distinct from the baseband or modem chip (e.g., in cases where they may work together to implement the examples discussed herein). As described above, various hardware arrangements and components other than a baseband modem processor may be used in an implementation, including RF chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, interleavers, adders / summers, etc.

[0139] In this example, the processing system 1014 can be implemented with a bus architecture, generally represented by bus 1002. Depending on the specific application and overall design constraints of the processing system 1014, the bus 1002 may include any number of interconnecting buses and bridges. The bus 1002 communicatively couples various circuits together, including one or more processors (generally represented by processor 1004), memory 1005, and computer readable media (generally represented by computer readable media 1006). The bus 1002 may also link various other circuits, such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and are not further described. The bus interface 1008 provides an interface between the bus 1002 and the transceiver 1010 and the antenna array 1320, as well as an interface between the bus 1002 and the interface 1030. The transceiver 1010 provides a communication interface or device for communicating with various other devices over a wireless transmission medium. The interface 1030 provides a communication interface or device module for communicating with various other devices and equipment (e.g., other devices located in the same device as the UE or other external devices) through an internal bus or an external transmission medium (e.g., an Ethernet cable). Depending on the nature of the device, the interface 1030 may include a user interface (e.g., a keyboard, a display, a speaker, a microphone, a joystick). Of course, such a user interface is optional and may be omitted in some examples (such as IoT devices).

[0140] The processor 1004 is responsible for managing the bus 1002 and general processing, including executing software stored on the computer-readable medium 1006. When executed by the processor 1004, the software causes the processing system 1014 to perform the various functions described below for any particular device. The computer-readable medium 1006 and the memory 1005 can also be used to store data manipulated by the processor 1004 when executing the software. For example, the memory 1005 can store PRT information 1015 used by the processor 1004 for communication operations as described herein.

[0141] One or more processors 1004 in the processing system can execute software. Software should be broadly interpreted as instructions, instruction sets, codes, code segments, program codes, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable programs, execution threads, processes, functions, etc. Whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or other. The software can reside on a computer-readable medium 1006. For example, the memory 1305 can store PRT information 1315 used by the processor 1304 for communication operations as described herein.

[0142] Computer readable medium 1006 may be a non-transitory computer readable medium. As examples, non-transitory computer readable media include magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disks, floppy disks, magnetic strips), optical disks (e.g., compact disks (CDs) or digital versatile disks (DVDs)), smart cards, flash memory devices (e.g., cards, sticks, or key drives), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), erasable PROM (EPROM), electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM), registers, removable disks, and any other suitable medium for storing software and / or instructions that can be accessed and read by a computer. Computer readable medium 1006 may reside in processing system 1014, external to processing system 1014, or distributed among multiple entities including processing system 1014. Computer readable medium 1006 may be included in a computer program product. For example, a computer program product may include a computer readable medium in packaging material. Those skilled in the art will recognize how to best implement the described functions presented throughout this disclosure depending on the specific application and the overall design constraints imposed on the entire system.

[0143] UE 1000 may be configured to perform any one or more of the operations described herein (e.g., as described above in conjunction with Figure 1-9 As described, and as combined with Fig.11In some aspects of the present disclosure, the processor 1004 used in the UE 1000 may include circuits configured for various functions.

[0144] The processor 1004 may include a communication and processing circuit 1041. The communication and processing circuit 1041 may be configured to communicate with a base station such as a gNB. The communication and processing circuit 1041 may include one or more hardware components that provide a physical structure for performing various processes related to wireless communication (e.g., signal reception and / or signal transmission) described herein. The communication and processing circuit 1041 may also include one or more hardware components that provide a physical structure for performing various processes related to signal processing (e.g., processing received signals and / or processing signals for transmission) described herein. In some examples, the communication and processing circuit 1041 may include two or more transmit / receive chains, each transmit / receive chain configured to process signals of different RAT (or RAN) types. The communication and processing circuit 1041 may also be configured to execute communication and processing software 1051 included on the computer-readable medium 1006 to implement one or more functions described herein.

[0145] In some examples, the communication and processing circuit 1041 can be configured to generate a scheduling request and send it to the base station (e.g., via the UCI in the PUCCH) to receive an uplink grant for the PUSCH. The communication and processing circuit 1041 can also be configured to generate an uplink signal and interact with the transceiver 1010 to send the uplink signal. The uplink signal may include, for example, a PUCCH, a PUSCH, an SRS, a DMRS, or a physical random access channel (PRACH). The communication and processing circuit 1041 can also be configured to interact with the transceiver 1010 to monitor the downlink signal and decode the downlink signal. The downlink signal may include, for example, a PDCCH, a PDSCH, a CSI-RS, or a DMRS.

[0146] In some implementations where the communication involves receiving information, the communication and processing circuit 1041 may obtain information from a component of the UE 1000 (e.g., from the transceiver 1010, which receives the information via radio frequency signaling or some other type of signaling suitable for the applicable communication medium), process (e.g., decode) the information, and output the processed information. For example, the communication and processing circuit 1041 may output the information to another component of the processor 1004, the memory 1005, or the bus interface 1008. In some examples, the communication and processing circuit 1041 may receive one or more of a signal, a message, other information, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the communication and processing circuit 1041 may receive information via one or more channels. In some examples, the communication and processing circuit 1041 may include the functionality of a device module for receiving. In some examples, the communication and processing circuit 1041 may include the functionality of a device module for decoding.

[0147] In some implementations where communication involves sending (e.g., transmitting) information, the communication and processing circuit 1041 may obtain information (e.g., from another component of the processor 1004, the memory 1005, or the bus interface 1008), process (e.g., encode) the information, and output the processed information. For example, the communication and processing circuit 1041 may output information to the transceiver 1010 (e.g., the transceiver 1010 sends the information via radio frequency signaling or some other type of signaling suitable for the applicable communication medium). In some examples, the communication and processing circuit 1041 may send one or more of a signal, a message, other information, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the communication and processing circuit 1041 may send information via one or more channels. In some examples, the communication and processing circuit 1041 may include the functionality of a device module for sending (e.g., a device module for transmitting). In some examples, the communication and processing circuit 1041 may include the functionality of a device module for encoding.

[0148] Processor 1004 may include PRT configuration circuitry 1042 configured to perform as discussed herein (e.g., in conjunction with Figure 8 and Fig. 9 ) Operations related to PRT configuration. The PRT configuration circuit 1042 may be configured to execute PRT configuration software 1052 included on the computer-readable medium 1006 to implement one or more functions described herein.

[0149] The PRT configuration circuit 1042 may include functionality of a device module for receiving resource allocations. For example, the PRT configuration circuit 1042 may be configured to monitor a DCI in a PDCCH channel indicating at least one resource allocated for an uplink transmission (e.g., an uplink transmission on a PUSCH).

[0150] The PRT configuration circuit 1042 may include functionality of a device module for determining a PRT sequence.For example, the PRT configuration circuit 1042 may be configured to monitor the PDCCH or some other channel for a DCI or some other message including at least one indication of at least one PRT sequence.

[0151] Processor 1004 may include PRT processing circuitry 1043 configured to perform as discussed herein (e.g., in conjunction with Figure 8 and Fig. 9 ) PRT processing related operations. The PRT processing circuit 1043 can be configured to execute the PRT processing software 1053 included on the computer readable medium 1006 to implement one or more functions described herein.

[0152] The PRT processing circuit 1043 may include functionality of a device module for generating a waveform. For example, the PRT processing circuit 1043 may be configured to generate a first data transmission based on a first PRT sequence.

[0153] The PRT processing circuit 1043 may include functionality of a device module for sending a data transmission (e.g., a data transmission including a waveform based on a PRT sequence). For example, the PRT processing circuit 1043 may be configured to send a first data transmission on an uplink channel of a SUL carrier (e.g., on a PUSCH).

[0154] Fig.11 1 is a flow chart illustrating an example wireless communication method 1100 according to some aspects of the present disclosure. As described below, in certain implementations within the scope of the present disclosure, some or all of the illustrated features may be omitted, and some of the illustrated features may not be necessary for all example implementations. In some examples, the wireless communication method 1100 may be composed of Fig.10 In some examples, the wireless communication method 1100 may be performed by any suitable device or module for performing the functions or algorithms described below.

[0155] At block 1102, a user equipment may receive a first resource allocation for a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier, the first resource allocation indicating a first set of transmission tones including a first set of data tones and a first set of peak reduction tones (PRTs), the first resource allocation further indicating a first set of data tone positions within a first bandwidth, the first resource allocation further indicating a first set of PRT positions within the first bandwidth, wherein the first set of PRT positions are arranged relative to the first set of data tone positions according to a first PRT sequence. For example, in combination with Fig.10The illustrated and described PRT configuration circuitry 1042 and the communication and processing circuitry 1041 and transceiver 1010 may provide means for receiving a first resource allocation for a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier.

[0156] In some examples, the first resource allocation may include an indication of a first PRT sequence. In some examples, the method may also include determining the first PRT sequence based on the indication. In some examples, the indication may include a bit mask indicating a first position of each of the one or more PRTs in the first set of PRTs relative to a second position of each of the one or more data tones in the first set of data tones.

[0157] In some examples, the indication may include an index to a PRT table, and the PRT table indicates a first PRT sequence and a second PRT sequence. In some examples, the PRT table may include a plurality of entries, wherein an entry in the plurality of entries may include at least one of a first PRT sequence, one or more parameters of a deterministic function for determining the first PRT sequence, a start index associated with the first PRT sequence, an end index associated with the first PRT sequence, or a combination thereof.

[0158] At block 1104, the user equipment may send a first data transmission on the SUL carrier, the first data transmission comprising a first waveform based at least in part on the first resource allocation. Fig.10 The PRT processing circuit 1043 shown and described can generate a first data transmission based on the first PRT sequence. Fig.10 The illustrated and described PRT processing circuitry 1043 together with the communication and processing circuitry 1041 and the transceiver 1010 may provide means for sending a first data transmission on a SUL carrier.

[0159] In some examples, the user equipment may receive a second resource allocation for a second uplink carrier different from the SUL carrier, the second resource allocation indicating a second set of transmission frequency tones, and send a second data transmission on the second uplink carrier using a second waveform based at least in part on the second resource allocation. In some examples, the SUL carrier is associated with a first frequency band, the second uplink carrier is associated with a second frequency band, and the first frequency band is lower in frequency than the second frequency band. In some examples, the second uplink carrier is a third generation partnership project (3GPP) 5G new radio (NR) carrier.

[0160] In some examples, the user equipment may receive an indication to exclusively use the first PRT sequence. In some examples, after receiving the indication to exclusively use the first PRT sequence, the user equipment may abandon using the second PRT sequence to generate the second waveform.

[0161] In some examples, the user equipment may receive an indication of a coverage limited condition for the user equipment. In some examples, after receiving the indication of the coverage limited condition for the user equipment, the user equipment may forgo using the second PRT sequence to generate the second waveform.

[0162] In some examples, the second set of transmission tones may include a second set of data tones and a second set of peak reduction tones (PRTs), the second resource allocation further indicating a second set of data tone positions within a second bandwidth, the second resource allocation further indicating a second set of PRT positions within the second bandwidth, wherein the second set of PRT positions are arranged relative to the second set of data tone positions according to a second PRT sequence. In some examples, the second resource allocation may include an indication of a second PRT sequence. In some examples, the user device may determine the second PRT sequence based on the indication. In some examples, the indication may include an index to a PRT table, and the PRT table indicates a first PRT sequence and a second PRT sequence.

[0163] In some examples, the first set of transmission tones can be associated with a first density of the first set of PRTs relative to the first set of data tones. The second set of transmission tones can be associated with a second density of the second set of PRTs relative to the second set of data tones. The first density can be higher than the second density.

[0164] In some examples, the first set of PRTs is defined such that a first peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) associated with the first waveform satisfies a first PAPR threshold. In some examples, the second set of PRTs is defined such that a second peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) associated with the second waveform satisfies a second PAPR threshold.

[0165] In some examples, the user equipment may receive the first resource allocation and the second resource allocation from the base station via at least one downlink control information (DCI), at least one radio resource control (RRC) message, at least one media access control-control element (MAC-CE), or a combination thereof.

[0166] In some examples, the user equipment can generate the first waveform by determining a first inverse discrete Fourier transform of the first set of transmission tones. The first waveform can include a first cyclic prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform or a first discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM waveform.

[0167] In some examples, the user device can generate the second waveform by determining a second inverse discrete Fourier transform of the second set of transmission tones. The second waveform can include a second cyclic prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform or a second discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM waveform.

[0168] Fig.12 1 is a flow chart illustrating an example wireless communication method 1200 according to some aspects of the present disclosure. As described below, in certain implementations within the scope of the present disclosure, some or all of the illustrated features may be omitted, and some of the illustrated features may not be necessary for all example implementations. In some examples, the wireless communication method 1200 may be composed of Fig.10 In some examples, the wireless communication method 1200 may be performed by any suitable device or module for performing the functions or algorithms described below.

[0169] At block 1202, a user equipment may receive a first indication of a first peak reduction tone (PRT) sequence and a second indication of a second PRT sequence, wherein the first PRT sequence is for a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier and the second PRT sequence is for another carrier. Fig.10 The PRT configuration circuit 1042 shown and described, together with the communication and processing circuit 1041 and the transceiver 1010, may provide a means for receiving a first indication of a first peak reduction tone (PRT) sequence and a second indication of a second PRT sequence.

[0170] The first indication may include a first index of the PRT table. The second indication may include a second index of the PRT table. The PRT table may indicate a first PRT sequence and a second PRT sequence (eg, include entries of the first PRT sequence and the second PRT sequence).

[0171] At block 1204, the user equipment may generate a first signal based on the first PRT sequence. Fig.10 The PRT processing circuit 1043 shown and described may provide a means for generating a first signal based on a first PRT sequence.

[0172] At block 1206, the user equipment may send a first signal on the SUL carrier. Fig.10 The PRT processing circuit 1043 shown and described together with the communication and processing circuit 1041 and the transceiver 1010 may provide a means for transmitting a first signal on a SUL carrier.

[0173] In some examples, the user equipment may generate a second signal based on the second PRT sequence. In some examples, the user equipment may send the second signal on another carrier. In some examples, the user equipment may receive a first resource allocation. The first resource allocation may include a first indication of the first PRT sequence. In some examples, the user equipment may determine the first PRT sequence based on the first indication.

[0174] In some examples, the user equipment may receive a second resource allocation. The second resource allocation may include a second indication of a second PRT sequence. In some examples, the method may also include determining a second PRT sequence based on the second indication.

[0175] In one configuration, UE 1000 includes: an apparatus module for receiving a first resource allocation for a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier, the first resource allocation indicating a first set of transmission tones including a first set of data tones and a first set of peak reduction tones (PRTs), the first resource allocation further indicating a first set of data tone positions within a first bandwidth, the first resource allocation further indicating a first set of PRT positions within the first bandwidth, wherein the first set of PRT positions are arranged relative to the first set of data tone positions according to a first PRT sequence; and an apparatus module for sending a first data transmission on the SUL carrier, the first data transmission comprising a first waveform based at least in part on the first resource allocation. In one aspect, the aforementioned apparatus module may be Fig.14 The processor 1004 shown in is configured to perform the functions described by the aforementioned device modules (eg, as described above). On the other hand, the aforementioned device modules may be circuits or any devices configured to perform the functions described by the aforementioned device modules.

[0176] Of course, in the above examples, the circuits included in the processor 1004 are provided only as examples, and other device modules for performing the described functions may be included in various aspects of the present disclosure, including but not limited to instructions stored in the computer-readable medium 1006, or in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 and any other suitable devices or device modules described in any one or more of the foregoing, and utilizing, for example, Fig.11 and Fig.12 Describe the method and / or algorithm.

[0177] Fig.13 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation of a base station (BS) 1300 employing a processing system 1314. In some implementations, the BS 1300 may correspond to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Fig. 9Any BS (e.g., gNB) or scheduling entity shown in any one or more of .

[0178] According to various aspects of the present disclosure, an element or any portion of an element or any combination of elements may be implemented using a processing system 1314. The processing system may include one or more processors 1304. The processing system 1314 may be associated with Fig.10 The processing system 1014 shown is substantially the same, including a bus interface 1308, a bus 1302, a memory 1305, a processor 1304, and a computer-readable medium 1306. For example, the memory 1305 can store PRT information 1315 used by the processor 1304 for communication operations as described herein. In addition, the BS 1300 may include an interface 1330 (e.g., a network interface) that provides a device module for communicating with at least one other device within the core network and with at least one radio access network.

[0179] BS 1300 may be configured to perform any one or more of the operations described herein (e.g., as described above in conjunction with Figure 1-9 As described above, and in combination with the following Fig.14 and Fig.15 In some aspects of the present disclosure, the processor 1304 used in the BS 1300 may include circuits configured for various functions.

[0180] Processor 1304 may be configured to generate, schedule, and modify resource allocations or grants of time-frequency resources (e.g., a set of one or more resource elements). For example, processor 1304 may schedule time-frequency resources within a plurality of time division duplex (TDD) and / or frequency division duplex (FDD) subframes, time slots, and / or mini-slots to carry user data traffic and / or control information to and / or from a plurality of user devices.

[0181] Processor 1304 may be configured to schedule resources for transmission of downlink signals. Downlink signals may include, for example, PDCCH, PDSCH, CSI-RS, or DMRS. Processor 1304 may also be configured to schedule resources that user equipment may use to send uplink signals. Uplink signals may include, for example, PUCCH, PUSCH, SRS, DMRS, or PRACH.

[0182] In some aspects of the present disclosure, the processor 1304 may include a communication and processing circuit 1341. The communication and processing circuit 1344 may be configured to communicate with a user device. The communication and processing circuit 1341 may include one or more hardware components that provide a physical structure for performing various processes related to the communication described herein (e.g., signal reception and / or signal transmission). The communication and processing circuit 1341 may also include one or more hardware components that provide a physical structure for performing various processes related to the signal processing described herein (e.g., processing received signals and / or processing signals for transmission). The communication and processing circuit 1341 may also be configured to execute the communication and processing software 1351 included on the computer-readable medium 1306 to implement one or more functions described herein. The communication and processing circuit 1341 may also be configured to interact with the transceiver 1310 to encode and transmit downlink signals. The communication and processing circuit 1341 may also be configured to interact with the transceiver 1310 to monitor and decode uplink signals.

[0183] In some implementations where the communication involves receiving information, the communication and processing circuit 1341 may obtain information from a component of the BS 1300 (e.g., from a transceiver 1310 that receives information via radio frequency signaling or some other type of signaling suitable for an applicable communication medium), process (e.g., decode) the information, and output the processed information. For example, the communication and processing circuit 1341 may output the information to another component of the processor 1304, the memory 1305, or the bus interface 1308. In some examples, the communication and processing circuit 1341 may receive one or more of a signal, a message, other information, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the communication and processing circuit 1341 may receive information via one or more channels. In some examples, the communication and processing circuit 1341 may include the functionality of a device module for receiving. In some examples, the communication and processing circuit 1341 may include the functionality of a device module for decoding.

[0184] In some implementations where communication involves sending (e.g., transmitting) information, the communication and processing circuit 1341 may obtain information (e.g., from another component of the processor 1304, the memory 1305, or the bus interface 1308), process (e.g., encode) the information, and output the processed information. For example, the communication and processing circuit 1341 may output information to the transceiver 1310 (e.g., the transceiver 1310 sends the information via radio frequency signaling or some other type of signaling suitable for the applicable communication medium). In some examples, the communication and processing circuit 1341 may send one or more of a signal, a message, other information, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the communication and processing circuit 1341 may send information via one or more channels. In some examples, the communication and processing circuit 1341 may include the functionality of a device module for sending (e.g., a device module for transmitting). In some examples, the communication and processing circuit 1341 may include the functionality of a device module for encoding.

[0185] Processor 1304 may include PRT configuration circuitry 1342 configured to perform as discussed herein (e.g., in conjunction with Figure 8 and Fig. 9 ) Operations related to PRT configuration. The PRT configuration circuit 1342 may be configured to execute PRT configuration software 1352 included on the computer-readable medium 1306 to implement one or more functions described herein.

[0186] The PRT configuration circuit 1342 may include functionality of a device module for selecting a resource allocation. For example, the PRT configuration circuit 1342 may be configured to schedule uplink transmissions using a first resource allocation. As another example, the PRT configuration circuit 1342 may be configured to select a PRT sequence to be used for the SUL carrier and another carrier, and determine an indicator for each PRT sequence (e.g., identifying an index into a table for the PRT sequence). In addition, the PRT configuration circuit 1342 may be configured to or indicate some other message for each PRT sequence.

[0187] The PRT configuration circuit 1342 may include functionality of a device module for sending a resource allocation (e.g., a resource allocation based on a PRT sequence). For example, the PRT configuration circuit 1342 may be configured to generate a DCI indicating a first resource allocation and send the DCI on a PDCCH. As another example, the PRT configuration circuit 1342 may be configured to send a DCI (or some other message) indicating at least one PRT sequence on a PDCCH (or some other channel).

[0188] The PRT configuration circuit 1342 may include functionality of a device module for determining whether a user equipment is to transmit without a PRT. For example, the PRT configuration circuit 1342 may be configured to determine whether a tone of a non-SUL carrier should be scheduled without a PRT.

[0189] The PRT configuration circuit 1342 may include functionality of a device module for determining a coverage limited condition. For example, the PRT configuration circuit 1342 may be configured to determine whether the amount of traffic scheduled to be transmitted on the resources of the uplink carrier exceeds a threshold.

[0190] The PRT configuration circuit 1342 may include functionality of a device module for sending an indication of whether the user equipment is to use a PRT sequence. For example, the PRT configuration circuit 1342 may be configured to select a PRT sequence to be used for the SUL carrier and other carriers, and determine an indicator for each PRT sequence (e.g., identifying an index into a table for the PRT sequence). In addition, the PRT configuration circuit 1342 may be configured to indicate some other message for each PRT sequence, and to send DCI (or some other message) on the PDCCH (or some other channel).

[0191] Processor 1304 may include PRT processing circuitry 1343 configured to perform as discussed herein (e.g., in conjunction with Figure 8 and Fig. 9 ) PRT processing related operations. The PRT processing circuit 1343 can be configured to execute PRT processing software 1353 included on the computer readable medium 1306 to implement one or more functions described herein.

[0192] The PRT processing circuit 1343 may include functionality of a device module for receiving a data transmission (e.g., a data transmission including a waveform based on a PRT sequence). For example, the PRT processing circuit 1343 may be configured to monitor a PDSCH channel and decode the data transmission (e.g., according to a PRT sequence).

[0193] Fig.14 1400 is a flow chart illustrating an example wireless communication method 1400 according to some aspects of the present disclosure. As described below, some or all of the illustrated features may be omitted in certain implementations within the scope of the present disclosure, and some of the illustrated features may not be necessary for all example implementations. In some examples, the wireless communication method 1400 may be composed of Fig.13 The wireless communication method 1400 may be performed by the BS 1300 shown. In some examples, the wireless communication method 1400 may be performed by any suitable device or device module for performing the functions or algorithms described below.

[0194] At block 1402, the base station may transmit a first resource allocation for a supplementary uplink (SUL) carrier, the first resource allocation indicating a first set of transmission tones including a first set of data tones and a first set of peak reduction tones (PRTs), the first resource allocation further indicating a first set of data tone positions within a first bandwidth, the first resource allocation further indicating a first set of PRT positions within the first bandwidth, wherein the first set of PRT positions are arranged according to a first PRT sequence relative to the first set of data tone positions. For example, the PRT configuration circuit 1342 shown and described above in conjunction with Fig.13 the communication and processing circuit 1341 and the transceiver 1310 may together provide a means module for transmitting a first resource allocation for a supplementary uplink (SUL) carrier.

[0195] In some examples, the first resource allocation may include an indication of a first PRT sequence. In some examples, the indication may include a bit mask that indicates a first position of each PRT in one or more PRTs of the first set of PRTs relative to a second position of each data tone in one or more data tones of the first set of data tones.

[0196] In some examples, the indication may include an index to a PRT table. In some examples, the PRT table indicates a first PRT sequence and a second PRT sequence.

[0197] In some examples, the PRT table may include multiple entries, where an entry in the multiple entries may include at least one of a first PRT sequence, one or more parameters of a deterministic function for determining the first PRT sequence, a start index associated with the first PRT sequence, an end index associated with the first PRT sequence, or a combination thereof.

[0198] At block 1404, the base station may receive a first data transmission on the SUL carrier after transmitting the first resource allocation, the first data transmission including a first waveform based at least in part on the first resource allocation. For example, the PRT processing circuit 1343 shown and described above in conjunction with Fig.13 the communication and processing circuit 1341 and the transceiver 1310 may together provide a means module for receiving a first data transmission on the SUL carrier after transmitting the first resource allocation.

[0199] In some examples, the base station may send a second resource allocation for a second uplink carrier different from the SUL carrier, the second resource allocation indicating a second set of transmission frequency tones. In some examples, the base station may receive a second data transmission on the second uplink carrier after sending the second resource allocation, the second data transmission including a second waveform based at least in part on the second resource allocation. In some examples, the SUL carrier is associated with a first frequency band, the second uplink carrier is associated with a second frequency band, and the first frequency band is lower in frequency than the second frequency band. In some examples, the second uplink carrier is a third generation partnership project (3GPP) 5G new radio (NR) carrier.

[0200] In some examples, the base station may determine that the user equipment is to send a second set of transmission frequencies without PRT. In some examples, after determining that the second set of transmission frequencies are to be sent without PRT, the base station may send an indication to the user equipment to use only the first PRT sequence. In some examples, in order to determine that the user equipment is to send the second set of transmission frequencies without PRT, the base station may determine that the amount of traffic scheduled to be sent on the resources of the second uplink carrier exceeds a threshold, and after determining that the amount of traffic scheduled to be sent on the resources exceeds the threshold, choose to abandon the use of PRT on the resources.

[0201] In some examples, the base station may identify a coverage-limited condition for the user equipment. In some examples, the base station may send an indication to the user equipment to use only the first PRT sequence after identifying the coverage-limited condition for the user equipment.

[0202] In some examples, the second set of transmission tones may include a second set of data tones and a second set of peak reduction tones (PRTs), the second resource allocation further indicating a second set of data tone positions within a second bandwidth, the second resource allocation further indicating a second set of PRT positions within the second bandwidth, wherein the second set of PRT positions are arranged relative to the second set of data tone positions according to a second PRT sequence. In some examples, the second resource allocation may include an indication of a second PRT sequence. In some examples, the indication may include an index to a PRT table, and the PRT table indicates a first PRT sequence and a second PRT sequence.

[0203] In some examples, the first set of transmission tones can be associated with a first density of the first set of PRTs relative to the first set of data tones. The second set of transmission tones can be associated with a second density of the second set of PRTs relative to the second set of data tones. The first density can be higher than the second density.

[0204] In some examples, the first set of PRTs is defined such that a first peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) associated with the first waveform satisfies a first PAPR threshold. In some examples, the second set of PRTs is defined such that a second peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) associated with the second waveform satisfies a second PAPR threshold.

[0205] In some examples, the base station may send the first resource allocation and the second resource allocation to the user equipment via at least one downlink control information (DCI), at least one radio resource control (RRC) message, at least one media access control-control element (MAC-CE), or a combination thereof.

[0206] Fig.15 1 is a flow chart illustrating an example wireless communication method 1500 according to some aspects of the present disclosure. As described below, some or all of the illustrated features may be omitted in certain implementations within the scope of the present disclosure, and some of the illustrated features may not be necessary for all example implementations. In some examples, the wireless communication method 1500 may be composed of Fig.13 The wireless communication method 1500 may be performed by the BS 1300 shown. In some examples, the wireless communication method 1500 may be performed by any suitable device or module for performing the functions or algorithms described below.

[0207] At block 1502, a base station may generate a first indication of a first peak reduction tone (PRT) sequence and a second indication of a second PRT sequence, wherein the first PRT sequence is for a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier and the second PRT sequence is for another carrier. Fig.13 The PRT configuration circuit 1342 shown and described may provide means for generating a first indication of a first peak reduced tone (PRT) sequence and a second indication of a second PRT sequence.

[0208] The first indication may include a first index of the PRT table. The second indication may include a second index of the PRT table. The PRT table may indicate a first PRT sequence and a second PRT sequence (eg, include entries of the first PRT sequence and the second PRT sequence).

[0209] At block 1504, the base station may send a first indication and a second indication. Fig.13 The PRT configuration circuit 1342 shown and described together with the communication and processing circuit 1341 and the transceiver 1310 may provide a means for transmitting the first indication and the second indication.

[0210] At block 1506, the base station may receive a transmission based on the first PRT sequence via the SUL carrier. Fig.13The illustrated and described PRT processing circuit 1343, together with the communication and processing circuit 1341 and the transceiver 1310, can provide a device module for receiving a transmission based on a first PRT sequence via a SUL carrier.

[0211] In some examples, the base station can receive a second transmission based on a second PRT sequence. In some examples, the base station can generate a first resource allocation. In some examples, the base station can send a first resource allocation. The first resource allocation can include a first indication of the first PRT sequence. In some examples, the base station can generate a second resource allocation. In some examples, the base station can send a second resource allocation. The second resource allocation can include a second indication of the second PRT sequence.

[0212] In one configuration, BS 1300 includes: a device module for sending a first resource allocation for a supplementary uplink (SUL) carrier, the first resource allocation indicating a first set of transmission frequencies including a first set of data frequencies and a first set of peak reduction frequencies (PRT), the first resource allocation further indicating a first set of data frequency positions within a first bandwidth, the first resource allocation further indicating a first set of PRT positions within the first bandwidth, wherein the first set of PRT positions are arranged relative to the first set of data frequency positions according to a first PRT sequence; and a device module for receiving a first data transmission on the SUL carrier after sending the first resource allocation, the first data transmission including a first waveform based at least in part on the first resource allocation. In one aspect, the foregoing module can be Fig.13 the processor 1304 shown in, which is configured to perform the functions described by the foregoing functional modules (e.g., as described above). In another aspect, the foregoing module can be a circuit or any device configured to perform the functions described by the foregoing functional modules.

[0213] Of course, in the above examples, the circuits included in the processor 1304 are provided only as examples, and other device modules for performing the described functions can be included in various aspects of the present disclosure, including but not limited to instructions stored in the computer-readable medium 1306, or in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Fig. 9 and Fig.13 any other suitable device or device module described in any one or more of, and utilizing, for example, the methods and / or algorithms described herein with respect to Fig.14 and Fig.15 .

[0214] Figure 11-12 and Figure 14-15 The methods shown in can include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of the aspects described below, and / or in combination with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0215] In some examples, a method for wireless communication at a user equipment may include receiving a first indication of a first peak reduction tone (PRT) sequence and a second indication of a second PRT sequence. In some aspects, the first PRT sequence is used for a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier and the second PRT sequence is used for another carrier. The method may also include generating a first signal based on the first PRT sequence and sending the first signal on the SUL carrier.

[0216] In some examples, a user device may include a transceiver, a memory, and a processor communicatively coupled to the transceiver and the memory. The processor and the memory may be configured to receive a first indication of a first peak reduction tone (PRT) sequence and a second indication of a second PRT sequence. In some aspects, the first PRT sequence is used for a supplementary uplink (SUL) carrier and the second PRT sequence is used for another carrier. The processor and the memory may also be configured to generate a first signal based on the first PRT sequence and send the first signal on the SUL carrier.

[0217] In some examples, a user equipment may include a device module for receiving a first indication of a first peak reduction tone (PRT) sequence and a second indication of a second PRT sequence. In some aspects, the first PRT sequence is for a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier and the second PRT sequence is for another carrier. The user equipment may also include a device module for generating a first signal based on the first PRT sequence, and a device module for sending the first signal on the SUL carrier.

[0218] In some examples, an article for use with a user device includes a non-transitory computer-readable medium having instructions stored therein that are executable by one or more processors of the user device to receive a first indication of a first peak reduction tone (PRT) sequence and a second indication of a second PRT sequence. In some aspects, the first PRT sequence is for a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier and the second PRT sequence is for another carrier. The computer-readable medium may also have instructions stored therein that are executable by one or more processors of a base station to generate a first signal based on the first PRT sequence and send the first signal on the SUL carrier.

[0219] One or more of the following features may be applicable to any of the methods, apparatus, and computer-readable media of the preceding paragraphs. A second signal based on a second PRT sequence may be generated. The second signal may be transmitted on another carrier. A first resource allocation may be received. The first resource allocation may include a first indication of a first PRT sequence. The first PRT sequence may be determined based on the first indication. The first indication may include a first index to a PRT table. The PRT table may indicate a first PRT sequence and a second PRT sequence (e.g., including entries of the first PRT sequence and the second PRT sequence). A second resource allocation may be received. The second resource allocation may include a second indication of a second PRT sequence. The second PRT sequence may be determined based on the second indication. The second indication may include a second index to the PRT table.

[0220] In some examples, a method for wireless communication at a base station may include generating a first indication of a first peak reduction tone (PRT) sequence and a second indication of a second PRT sequence. In some aspects, the first PRT sequence is used for a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier and the second PRT sequence is used for another carrier. The method may also include sending the first indication and the second indication, and receiving a transmission based on the first PRT sequence via the SUL carrier.

[0221] In some examples, a base station may include a transceiver, a memory, and a processor communicatively coupled to the transceiver and the memory. The processor and the memory may be configured to generate a first indication of a first peak reduction tone (PRT) sequence and a second indication of a second PRT sequence. In some aspects, the first PRT sequence is used for a supplementary uplink (SUL) carrier and the second PRT sequence is used for another carrier. The processor and the memory may also be configured to send the first indication and the second indication and receive a transmission based on the first PRT sequence via the SUL carrier.

[0222] In some examples, a base station may include a device module for generating a first indication of a first peak reduction tone (PRT) sequence and a second indication of a second PRT sequence. In some aspects, the first PRT sequence is used for a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier and the second PRT sequence is used for another carrier. The base station may also include a device module for sending the first indication and the second indication, and a device module for receiving a transmission based on the first PRT sequence via the SUL carrier.

[0223] In some examples, an article for use by a base station includes a non-transitory computer-readable medium having instructions stored therein that are executable by one or more processors of the base station to generate a first indication of a first peak reduction tone (PRT) sequence and a second indication of a second PRT sequence. In some aspects, the first PRT sequence is for a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier and the second PRT sequence is for another carrier. The computer-readable medium may also have instructions stored therein that are executable by one or more processors of the base station to send the first indication and the second indication and receive a transmission based on the first PRT sequence via the SUL carrier.

[0224] One or more of the following features may be applicable to any of the methods, apparatus, and computer-readable media of the preceding paragraphs. A second transmission based on a second PRT sequence may be received. A first resource allocation may be generated. The first resource allocation may include a first indication of the first PRT sequence. The first indication may include a first index to a PRT table. The PRT table may indicate a first PRT sequence and a second PRT sequence (e.g., including entries for the first PRT sequence and the second PRT sequence). A second resource allocation may be generated. The second resource allocation may include a second indication of the second PRT sequence. The second indication may include a second index to the PRT table.

[0225] A summary of several aspects of the disclosure is provided below.

[0226] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication at a user equipment, the method comprising: receiving a first resource allocation for a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier, the first resource allocation indicating a first set of transmission frequencies including a first set of data frequencies and a first set of peak reduction frequencies (PRTs), the first resource allocation also indicating a first set of data frequency tone positions within a first bandwidth, the first resource allocation also indicating a first set of PRT positions within the first bandwidth, wherein the first set of PRT positions are arranged relative to the first set of data frequency tone positions according to a first PRT sequence; and sending a first data transmission on the SUL carrier, the first data transmission comprising a first waveform based at least in part on the first resource allocation.

[0227] Aspect 2: The method according to aspect 1, wherein the first resource allocation includes an indication of a first PRT sequence.

[0228] Aspect 3: The method according to Aspect 2 further includes: determining a first PRT sequence according to the indication.

[0229] Aspect 4: The method according to any one of aspects 2 to 3, wherein: the indication comprises an index of a PRT table; and the PRT table indicates a first PRT sequence and a second PRT sequence.

[0230] Aspect 5: A method according to Aspect 4, wherein: the PRT table includes multiple entries; and the entries in the multiple entries include a first PRT sequence, one or more parameters of a deterministic function for determining the first PRT sequence, a starting index associated with the first PRT sequence, an ending index associated with the first PRT sequence, or at least one of a combination thereof.

[0231] Aspect 6: A method according to any one of Aspects 2 to 3, wherein the indication includes a bit mask indicating a first position of each of the one or more PRTs in the first group of PRTs relative to a second position of each of the one or more data frequency tones in the first group of data frequency tones.

[0232] Aspect 7: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 6 further includes: receiving a second resource allocation for a second uplink carrier different from the SUL carrier, the second resource allocation indicating a second set of transmission frequencies; and sending a second data transmission on the second uplink carrier using a second waveform based at least in part on the second resource allocation.

[0233] Aspect 8: The method according to aspect 7, wherein: the SUL carrier is associated with a first frequency band; the second uplink carrier is associated with a second frequency band; and the first frequency band is lower in frequency than the second frequency band.

[0234] Aspect 9: The method according to Aspect 8, wherein the second uplink carrier is a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) 5G New Radio (NR) carrier.

[0235] Aspect 10: A method according to any one of Aspects 7 to 9, wherein the second group of transmission frequencies include a second group of data frequencies and a second group of PRTs, the second resource allocation further indicates the position of the second group of data frequencies within the second bandwidth, the second resource allocation further indicates the position of the second group of PRTs within the second bandwidth, wherein the second group of PRT positions are arranged relative to the second group of data frequency positions according to a second PRT sequence.

[0236] Aspect 11: The method according to aspect 10, wherein the second resource allocation includes an indication of a second PRT sequence.

[0237] Aspect 12: The method according to Aspect 11 further includes: determining a second PRT sequence according to the indication.

[0238] Aspect 13: The method according to any one of Aspects 11 to 12, wherein: the indication comprises an index to a PRT table; and the PRT table indicates a first PRT sequence and a second PRT sequence.

[0239] Aspect 14: A method according to any one of Aspects 10 to 13, wherein: a first group of transmission frequencies is associated with a first density of a first group of PRTs relative to a first group of data frequencies; a second group of transmission frequencies is associated with a second density of a second group of PRTs relative to a second group of data frequencies; and the first density is higher than the second density.

[0240] Aspect 15: A method according to any one of Aspects 10 to 14, wherein: a first group of PRTs is defined such that a first peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) associated with a first waveform satisfies a first PAPR threshold; and a second group of PRTs is defined such that a second peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) associated with a second waveform satisfies a second PAPR threshold.

[0241] Aspect 16: The method according to any one of Aspects 7 to 15 further includes: receiving a first resource allocation and a second resource allocation from a base station via at least one downlink control information (DCI), at least one radio resource control (RRC) message, at least one media access control-control element (MAC-CE) or a combination thereof.

[0242] Aspect 18: A method for wireless communication at a base station, the method comprising: sending a first resource allocation for a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier, the first resource allocation indicating a first set of transmission tones including a first set of data tones and a first set of peak reduction tones (PRTs), the first resource allocation also indicating a first set of data tone positions within a first bandwidth, the first resource allocation also indicating a first set of PRT positions within the first bandwidth, wherein the first set of PRT positions are arranged relative to the first set of data tone positions according to a first PRT sequence; and after sending the first resource allocation, receiving a first data transmission on the SUL carrier, the first data transmission comprising a first waveform based at least in part on the first resource allocation.

[0243] Aspect 19: The method according to Aspect 18, wherein the first resource allocation includes an indication of the first PRT sequence.

[0244] Aspect 20: The method according to Aspect 19, wherein: the indication comprises an index to a PRT table; and the PRT table indicates a first PRT sequence and a second PRT sequence.

[0245] Aspect 21: A method according to Aspect 20, wherein: the PRT table includes multiple entries; and the entries in the multiple entries include a first PRT sequence, one or more parameters of a deterministic function for determining the first PRT sequence, a starting index associated with the first PRT sequence, an ending index associated with the first PRT sequence, or at least one of a combination thereof.

[0246] Aspect 22: A method according to Aspect 19, wherein the indication includes a bit mask indicating a first position of each of the one or more PRTs in the first group of PRTs relative to a second position of each of the one or more data frequency tones in the first group of data frequency tones.

[0247] Aspect 23: The method according to any one of Aspects 18 to 22 further includes: sending a second resource allocation for a second uplink carrier different from the SUL carrier, the second resource allocation indicating a second set of transmission frequencies; and after sending the second resource allocation, receiving a second data transmission on the second uplink carrier, the second data transmission including a second waveform based at least in part on the second resource allocation.

[0248] Aspect 24: The method according to aspect 23, wherein: the SUL carrier is associated with a first frequency band; the second uplink carrier is associated with a second frequency band; and the first frequency band is lower in frequency than the second frequency band.

[0249] Aspect 25: The method according to any one of Aspects 23 to 24 further includes: identifying a coverage-limited condition for the user equipment; and after identifying the coverage-limited condition for the user equipment, sending an indication to the user equipment to use only the first PRT sequence.

[0250] Aspect 26: A method according to any one of Aspects 23 to 25, wherein the second group of transmission frequencies include a second group of data frequencies and a second group of PRTs, the second resource allocation further indicates the second group of data frequency tone positions within the second bandwidth, the second resource allocation further indicates the second group of PRT positions within the second bandwidth, wherein the second group of PRT positions are arranged relative to the second group of data frequency tone positions according to a second PRT sequence.

[0251] Aspect 27: A method according to Aspect 26, wherein: the second resource allocation includes an indication of a second PRT sequence; the indication includes an index to a PRT table; and the PRT table indicates the first PRT sequence and the second PRT sequence.

[0252] Aspect 28: A method according to any one of Aspects 26 to 27, wherein: a first group of transmission frequencies is associated with a first density of a first group of PRTs relative to a first group of data frequencies; a second group of transmission frequencies is associated with a second density of a second group of PRTs relative to a second group of data frequencies; and the first density is higher than the second density.

[0253] Aspect 29: A method according to any one of Aspects 26 to 28, wherein: a first group of PRTs is defined such that a first peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) associated with a first waveform satisfies a first PAPR threshold; and a second group of PRTs is defined such that a second peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) associated with a second waveform satisfies a second PAPR threshold.

[0254] Aspect 30: A user equipment comprising: a transceiver configured to communicate with a radio access network, a memory, and a processor communicatively coupled to the transceiver and the memory, wherein the processor and the memory are configured to perform any one of aspects 1 to 16.

[0255] Aspect 31: An apparatus configured for wireless communication, comprising at least one apparatus module for performing any one of aspects 1 to 16.

[0256] Aspect 32: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable code, comprising code for causing an apparatus to perform any one of aspects 1 to 16.

[0257] Aspect 33: A base station comprising: a transceiver, a memory, and a processor communicatively coupled to the transceiver and the memory, wherein the processor and the memory are configured to perform any one of aspects 18 to 29.

[0258] Aspect 34: An apparatus configured for wireless communication, comprising at least one apparatus module for performing any one of aspects 18 to 29.

[0259] Aspect 35: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a computer-executable code, the computer-executable code comprising a code for causing an apparatus to perform any one of aspects 18 to 29.

[0260] Several aspects of a wireless communication network have been described with reference to example implementations. As those skilled in the art will readily appreciate, various aspects described throughout this disclosure may be extended to other telecommunication systems, network architectures, and communication standards.

[0261] For example, various aspects may be implemented in other systems defined by 3GPP, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE), Evolved Packet System (EPS), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), and / or Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). Various aspects may also be extended to systems defined by the Third Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2), such as CDMA2000 and / or Evolution Data Optimized (EV-DO). Other examples may be implemented in systems employing Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Ultra Wideband (UWB), Bluetooth, and / or other suitable systems. The actual telecommunication standard, network architecture, and / or communication standard employed will depend on the specific application and the overall design constraints imposed on the system.

[0262] In the present disclosure, the word "exemplary" is used to mean "serving as an example, instance or illustration". Any implementation or aspect described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as being preferred or advantageous over other aspects of the present disclosure. Likewise, the term "aspect" does not require that all aspects of the present disclosure include the features, advantages or modes of operation discussed. The term "coupling" as used herein refers to a direct or indirect coupling between two objects. For example, if object A physically contacts object B, and object B contacts object C, then objects A and C can still be considered to be coupled to each other - even if they are not in direct physical contact with each other. For example, a first object can be coupled to a second object even if the first object has never been in direct physical contact with the second object. The terms "circuit" and "circuitry" are used broadly and are intended to include hardware implementations of electrical devices and conductors that, when connected and configured, implement the performance of the functions described in the present disclosure, without limitation to the type of electronic circuits, and software implementations of information and instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the performance of the functions described in the present disclosure. As used herein, the term "determining" may include, for example, ascertaining, resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, searching (e.g., searching in a table, a database, or another data structure), etc. In addition, "determining" may include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data in a memory), etc.

[0263] Figure 1-15 One or more components, steps, features and / or functions shown in the drawings can be rearranged and / or combined into a single component, step, feature or function, or embodied in several components, steps or functions. Additional elements, components, steps and / or functions can also be added without departing from the novel features disclosed herein. Figure 1 , 2, 9, 10 and 13 shown in the apparatus, device and / or components can be configured to perform the method, feature or step described herein in one or more. The novel algorithm described herein can also be effectively implemented in software and / or embedded in hardware.

[0264] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the disclosed methods is an illustration of an example process. Based on design preferences, it should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the methods may be rearranged. The accompanying method claims present elements of the various steps in an example order, and are not meant to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented unless specifically stated therein.

[0265] The foregoing description is provided to enable those skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these aspects are to be made, and the general principles defined herein may be applicable to other aspects. Therefore, the claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but to conform to the full scope consistent with the language of the claims, wherein, unless otherwise stated, the elements in the singular form are not intended to represent "one and only one", but rather "one or more". Unless otherwise specified, the term "some" represents one or more. The phrase "at least one" referring to a list of items refers to any combination of these items, including a single member. For example, "at least one of a, b, or c" is intended to cover a; b; c; a and b; a and c; b and c; and a, b, and c. All structural and functional equivalents of the elements of the various aspects described in this disclosure that are known or will be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be included in the claims. In addition, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be contributed to the public, regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly stated in the claims.

Claims

1. A user device, include: Transceiver; Memory; and a processor coupled to the transceiver and the memory, wherein the processor and the memory are configured to: receiving, via the transceiver, a first resource allocation for a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier, the first resource allocation indicating a first set of transmission tones including a first set of data tones and a first set of peak reducing tones (PRTs), the first resource allocation further indicating a first set of data tone positions within a first bandwidth, the first resource allocation further indicating a first set of PRT positions within the first bandwidth, wherein the first set of PRT positions are arranged relative to the first set of data tone positions according to a first PRT sequence; and A first data transmission is sent via the transceiver on the SUL carrier, the first data transmission comprising a first waveform based at least in part on the first resource allocation.

2. The user equipment according to claim 1, in, The first resource allocation includes an indication of the first PRT sequence.

3. The user equipment according to claim 2, in, The processor and the memory are further configured to: The first PRT sequence is determined according to the indication.

4. The user equipment according to claim 2, in: The indication comprises an index to a PRT table; and The PRT table indicates the first PRT sequence and the second PRT sequence.

5. The user equipment according to claim 4, in: The PRT table includes a plurality of entries; and An entry in the plurality of entries includes at least one of the first PRT sequence, one or more parameters of a deterministic function for determining the first PRT sequence, a start index associated with the first PRT sequence, an end index associated with the first PRT sequence, or a combination thereof.

6. The user equipment according to claim 2, in, The indication comprises a bit mask indicating a first position of each of the one or more PRTs in the first set of PRTs relative to a second position of each of the one or more data tones in the first set of data tones.

7. The user equipment according to claim 1, in, The processor and the memory are further configured to: receiving a second resource allocation for a second uplink carrier different from the SUL carrier, the second resource allocation indicating a second set of transmit tones; as well as A second data transmission is sent on the second uplink carrier using a second waveform based at least in part on the second resource allocation.

8. The user equipment according to claim 7, in: The SUL carrier is associated with a first frequency band; The second uplink carrier is associated with a second frequency band; and The first frequency band is lower in frequency than the second frequency band.

9. The user equipment according to claim 8, in, The second uplink carrier is a 5G New Radio NR carrier of the Third Generation Partnership Project 3GPP.

10. The user equipment according to claim 7, in, The second group of transmission frequencies include a second group of data frequencies and a second group of PRTs, the second resource allocation further indicates a second group of data frequency tone positions within a second bandwidth, the second resource allocation further indicates a second group of PRT positions within the second bandwidth, wherein the second group of PRT positions are arranged relative to the second group of data frequency tone positions according to a second PRT sequence.

11. The user equipment according to claim 10, in, The second resource allocation includes an indication of the second PRT sequence.

12. The user equipment according to claim 11, in, The processor and the memory are further configured to: The second PRT sequence is determined according to the indication.

13. The user equipment according to claim 11, in: The indication comprises an index to a PRT table; and The PRT table indicates the first PRT sequence and the second PRT sequence.

14. The user equipment according to claim 10, in: The first set of transmit tones is associated with a first density of the first set of PRTs relative to the first set of data tones; a second set of transmit tones is associated with a second density of the second set of PRTs relative to the second set of data tones; and The first density is higher than the second density.

15. The user equipment according to claim 10, in: The first set of PRTs is defined such that a first peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) associated with the first waveform satisfies a first PAPR threshold; and The second set of PRTs is defined such that a second peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) associated with the second waveform satisfies a second PAPR threshold.

16. The user equipment according to claim 7, in, The processor and the memory are further configured to: The first resource allocation and the second resource allocation are received from a base station via at least one downlink control information DCI, at least one radio resource control RRC message, at least one medium access control-control element MAC-CE, or a combination thereof.

17. A method for wireless communication at a user equipment, the method include: receiving a first resource allocation for a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier, the first resource allocation indicating a first set of transmission tones including a first set of data tones and a first set of peak reducing tones (PRTs), the first resource allocation further indicating a first set of data tone positions within a first bandwidth, the first resource allocation further indicating a first set of PRT positions within the first bandwidth, wherein the first set of PRT positions are arranged relative to the first set of data tone positions according to a first PRT sequence; and A first data transmission is sent over the SUL carrier, the first data transmission comprising a first waveform based at least in part on the first resource allocation.

18. A base station, include: Transceiver; Memory; and a processor coupled to the transceiver and the memory, wherein the processor and the memory are configured to: sending a first resource allocation for a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier, the first resource allocation indicating a first set of transmission tones including a first set of data tones and a first set of peak reducing tones (PRTs), the first resource allocation further indicating a first set of data tone positions within a first bandwidth, the first resource allocation further indicating a first set of PRT positions within the first bandwidth, wherein the first set of PRT positions are arranged relative to the first set of data tone positions according to a first PRT sequence; and After sending the first resource allocation, a first data transmission is received via the transceiver on the SUL carrier, the first data transmission comprising a first waveform based at least in part on the first resource allocation.

19. The base station according to claim 18, in, The first resource allocation includes an indication of the first PRT sequence.

20. The base station according to claim 19, in: The indication comprises an index to a PRT table; and The PRT table indicates the first PRT sequence and the second PRT sequence.

21. The base station according to claim 20, in: The PRT table includes a plurality of entries; and An entry in the plurality of entries includes at least one of the first PRT sequence, one or more parameters of a deterministic function for determining the first PRT sequence, a start index associated with the first PRT sequence, an end index associated with the first PRT sequence, or a combination thereof.

22. The base station according to claim 19, in, The indication comprises a bit mask indicating a first position of each of the one or more PRTs in the first set of PRTs relative to a second position of each of the one or more data tones in the first set of data tones.

23. The base station according to claim 18, in, The processor and the memory are further configured to: sending a second resource allocation for a second uplink carrier different from the SUL carrier, the second resource allocation indicating a second set of transmit tones; as well as After sending the second resource allocation, a second data transmission is received on the second uplink carrier, the second data transmission comprising a second waveform based at least in part on the second resource allocation.

24. The base station according to claim 23, in: The SUL carrier is associated with a first frequency band; The second uplink carrier is associated with a second frequency band; and The first frequency band is lower in frequency than the second frequency band.

25. The base station according to claim 23, in, The processor and the memory are further configured to: identifying a coverage limited condition for a user equipment; and After identifying a coverage limited condition for the user equipment, an indication is sent to the user equipment to use only the first PRT sequence.

26. The base station according to claim 23, in, The second group of transmission frequencies include a second group of data frequencies and a second group of PRTs, the second resource allocation further indicates a second group of data frequency tone positions within a second bandwidth, the second resource allocation further indicates a second group of PRT positions within the second bandwidth, wherein the second group of PRT positions are arranged relative to the second group of data frequency tone positions according to a second PRT sequence.

27. The base station according to claim 26, in: The second resource allocation includes an indication of the second PRT sequence; The indication comprises an index to a PRT table; and The PRT table indicates the first PRT sequence and the second PRT sequence.

28. The base station according to claim 26, in: The first set of transmit tones is associated with a first density of the first set of PRTs relative to the first set of data tones; The second set of transmit tones is associated with a second density of a second set of PRTs relative to the second set of data tones; and The first density is higher than the second density.

29. The base station according to claim 26, in: The first set of PRTs is defined such that a first peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) associated with the first waveform satisfies a first PAPR threshold; and The second set of PRTs is defined such that a second peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) associated with the second waveform satisfies a second PAPR threshold.

30. A method for wireless communication at a base station, the method include: sending a first resource allocation for a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier, the first resource allocation indicating a first set of transmission tones including a first set of data tones and a first set of peak reducing tones (PRTs), the first resource allocation further indicating a first set of data tone positions within a first bandwidth, the first resource allocation further indicating a first set of PRT positions within the first bandwidth, wherein the first set of PRT positions are arranged relative to the first set of data tone positions according to a first PRT sequence; and After sending the first resource allocation, a first data transmission is received on the SUL carrier, the first data transmission comprising a first waveform based at least in part on the first resource allocation.

31. A user equipment comprising means for performing the method according to claim 17.

32. A base station comprising means for performing the method according to claim 30.

33. A non-transitory computer readable medium having program code recorded thereon, in, The program code can be executed by one or more processors of the user equipment to cause the processors to perform the method according to claim 17.

34. A non-transitory computer readable medium having program code recorded thereon, in, The program code may be executed by one or more processors of a base station to cause the processors to perform the method according to claim 30.

35. A computer program product comprising a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, in, The instructions are executable by one or more processors of a user device to cause the processors to perform the method according to claim 17.

36. A computer program product comprising a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, in, The instructions are executable by one or more processors of a base station to cause the processors to perform the method according to claim 30.

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