Rubber elastic element composite loading fatigue test device and method

Abstract

The rubber elastic element composite loading test device comprises a test platform, a swingable lever force arm assembly installed on the test platform, a mounting assembly for mounting rubber elastic elements, a loading assembly for driving the lever force arm assembly to swing, and a vertical preloading assembly for applying a vertical preloading load to the rubber elastic elements. The number of the lever force arm assemblies is two, and the two lever force arm assemblies are arranged side by side on the test platform. One mounting assembly is arranged above each lever force arm assembly. The vertical preloading assembly is fixed on the test platform and connected with the mounting assemblies. The loading assembly is connected with one end of the lever force arm assembly. The rubber elastic elements are symmetrically connected between the lever force arm assemblies and the mounting assemblies with the swing fulcrum of the lever force arm assembly as the center and deformed with the lever force arm assembly. The rubber elastic element composite loading test device can realize the composite fatigue test of multiple test pieces under different loads, reduce the test cost, and improve the test efficiency. The rubber elastic element composite loading fatigue test method is also provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a composite loading fatigue test device and method for a rubber elastic element, belonging to the technical field of rubber elastic element testing. Background Art

[0002] Rubber elastic elements are elastomers made of a composite of rubber and metal parts. They have the functions of flexible connection and vibration shock absorption. They are widely used in flexible connection positions to reduce vibration and noise. With the development of modern transportation technology, higher requirements are placed on the safety and comfort of major transportation vehicles such as cars and trains. Rubber elastic elements replace traditional sliding and rolling bearings. By utilizing their multi-directional deformation and elasticity and the viscoelasticity of rubber, they mainly play the roles of suspension, force transmission, vibration isolation, cushioning and positioning in vehicles such as cars and trains. They can withstand fatigue and instantaneous impact from multi-directional loads such as radial, axial, deflection and torsion. For example, rubber ball joints do not generate mechanical friction, do not require lubrication, are low in noise, have a simple structure, and require no maintenance. They are key components in shock absorbing devices that are currently widely used both at home and abroad.

[0003] Currently, composite loading fatigue testing of rubber elastic components mostly uses pure hydraulic loading or pure mechanical loading. Hydraulic loading is more suitable for heavy-loaded rubber parts used in rail transportation and bridge construction, while mechanical loading is more suitable for light-loaded vibration-damping rubber parts such as automobiles. The relevant patent documents retrieved are:

[0004] 1. CN 202110936654.5, “Device and method for combined loading test of rubber elastic elements of rail vehicles”;

[0005] 2. CN 202210022799.9, “Four-Directional Composite Loading Fatigue Test Apparatus for Rubber Elastic Elements”;

[0006] 3. CN 202210438192.9, “A large-tonnage radial-axial bidirectional fatigue loading test device for elastically supported joints.”

[0007] The above schemes are all about test devices and test methods for rubber elastic elements for rail vehicles. However, the above schemes use hydraulic loading to perform unidirectional loading part tests or superposition fitting tests on rubber elastic elements instead of real composite loading fatigue tests. It is difficult to accurately characterize the fatigue performance of rubber elastic elements under complex stresses, especially comparative fatigue tests of multiple samples. Moreover, the application conditions of rubber elastic elements used on automobiles are different from those of rubber elastic elements for rail vehicles in rail vehicles, and their installation, stress, and load-bearing deformation processes are also different. In order to meet the needs of fatigue testing of rubber elastic elements on automobiles, the present invention develops a composite loading fatigue testing device to simulate the actual application conditions of rubber elastic elements on automobiles to perform composite loading fatigue tests on rubber elastic elements. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention provides a composite loading fatigue testing device and method for rubber elastic elements. The device and method simultaneously perform compression and tensile deflection tests on rubber elastic elements under preload conditions, simulating the load-bearing conditions of rubber elastic elements in automobiles. This allows for simultaneous comparative fatigue testing of rubber elastic elements with different installation positions, forces, and loads. This accurately characterizes the fatigue performance of rubber elastic elements under complex stresses and enables simultaneous composite fatigue testing of multiple specimens under different loads, reducing testing costs and improving testing efficiency. The present invention also provides a composite loading fatigue testing method for rubber elastic elements.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0010] A composite loading test device for rubber elastic elements is characterized in that it includes a test platform, a lever arm assembly swingably mounted on the test platform, an installation assembly for installing the rubber elastic element, a loading assembly for driving the lever arm assembly to swing, and a vertical preload assembly for applying a vertical preload to the rubber elastic element. There are two lever arm assemblies and they are arranged in parallel on the test platform. A installation assembly is arranged directly above each lever arm assembly. The vertical preload assembly is fixed on the test platform and connected to the installation assembly. The loading assembly is connected to one end of the lever arm assembly. The rubber elastic element is symmetrically connected between the lever arm assembly and the installation assembly with the swing fulcrum of the lever arm assembly as the center, and deforms as the lever arm assembly swings.

[0011] Preferably, the mounting assembly comprises a preloading beam fixed to the upper end of the rubber elastic element and connected with the vertical preloading assembly, and a limiting lower plate through which the lower end of the rubber elastic element passes and connected with the lever force arm assembly, the limiting lower plate is arranged in parallel above the lever force arm assembly, the preloading beam is arranged in parallel above the limiting lower plate, the number of the limiting lower plates is two and symmetrically distributed with the swing fulcrum of the lever force arm assembly as the center, and a plurality of rubber elastic elements are arranged side by side on the limiting lower plate.

[0012] Preferably, the lever force arm assembly comprises a lever force arm arranged in parallel below the limiting lower plate and connected with the loading assembly, a swing support fixed to the test platform and connected with the lever force arm to form a swing fulcrum, and a suspension connecting rod connecting the lever force arm and the rubber elastic element, the swing support is hinged to the midpoint of the lever force arm, the suspension connecting rod is arranged side by side along the lever force arm and corresponds to the rubber elastic element one by one, the upper end of the suspension connecting rod is hinged to the rubber elastic element, and the lower end is hinged to the lever force arm.

[0013] Preferably, a guide stand is fixed on the test platform and crosses the lever force arm, the guide stand comprises a vertical guide plate arranged on the inner side of the lever force arm in the vertical direction and an L-shaped stand arranged on the outer side of the lever force arm in the vertical direction, the number of the L-shaped stands is two and symmetrically arranged with the swing support as the center, the L-shaped stands cross the lever force arm, the upper end is fixed to the vertical guide plate, and the lower end is fixed to the test platform, the preloading beam and the limiting lower plate form gaps between the vertical guide plate respectively, and the limiting lower plate forms a gap between the L-shaped stand.

[0014] Preferably, the swing support comprises two oppositely arranged counterforce supports, a bearing matched on the counterforce support, and a rotating shaft, the lever force arm is arranged between the two counterforce supports, the rotating shaft is fixed at the midpoint of the lever force arm and the end thereof protrudes out of the lever force arm and is press-fitted in the bearing, and a gap is formed between the side surface of the lever force arm and the inner wall of the counterforce support.

[0015] Preferably, the lever force arm is composed of two force arm plates and a connecting plate integrally formed between the two force arm plates, a hinge corresponding to the suspension connecting rod is arranged between the two force arm plates, and the lower end of the suspension connecting rod protrudes into the two force arm plates and is hinged to the hinge.

[0016] Preferably, a guide seat for guiding the swing of the lever force arm is arranged on the test platform, the guide seat protrudes into the two force arm plates, the guide seat is symmetrically arranged with the swing support as the center, and a gap is formed between the guide seat and the force arm plate.

[0017] Preferably, the vertical preload assembly includes a gantry spanning the two lever arm assemblies and fixed to the test platform, and a preload cylinder mounted on the gantry. The gantry is provided with a guide beam perpendicular to the preload beam, the guide beam is located above the preload beam, and the preload cylinder passes through the guide beam and is connected to the midpoint of the top surface of the preload beam.

[0018] Preferably, the loading assembly includes a loading link hinged to the lever arm and a loading beam for transmitting force to the loading link. The lower end of the loading link is hinged to the end of the lever arm, and the upper end is connected to the loading beam. The loading beam is horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the lever arm. The midpoint of the top surface of the loading beam has a loading connection end connected to the vertical loading device.

[0019] The composite loading fatigue test method for rubber elastic elements is carried out using the composite loading fatigue test apparatus for rubber elastic elements described above. The steps are as follows:

[0020] First, a plurality of rubber elastic elements are installed on the mounting assembly;

[0021] Next, according to the actual load after the rubber elastic element is assembled in place, the vertical preload component is activated to apply a vertical preload to the rubber elastic element;

[0022] Then, according to the application conditions of the rubber elastic element, a vertical load is applied to the loading assembly, driving the lever arm assembly to swing and causing the rubber elastic element to deform under load.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the invention are:

[0024] The composite loading test device for rubber elastic elements of the present invention is characterized in that the rubber elastic elements are symmetrically connected between the lever arm assembly and the mounting assembly with the swing fulcrum of the lever arm assembly as the center, that is, the rubber elastic elements are symmetrically distributed on the swing arm of the lever arm assembly. When the lever arm assembly swings, the swing arm on one side swings downward to stretch the rubber elastic element, and the swing arm on the other side swings upward to compress the rubber elastic element. Moreover, the swing arm presents an arc swing trajectory with the swing fulcrum as the center, so that the rubber elastic element deflects while being stretched or compressed, forming stretching deflection, compression deflection and alternating reciprocation of stretching deflection and compression deflection of the rubber elastic element. The swing angle formed by the lever arm assembly is used to simulate the uneven road condition where the car passes through the left high and right low or the right high and left low, and the vertical preload is used. The component applies a vertical preload to the rubber elastic element to simulate the body or cargo load borne by the rubber elastic element on the car. The rubber elastic element simultaneously realizes compression deflection and tensile deflection tests under the preload condition to simulate the load-bearing condition of the rubber elastic element on the car, and realizes simultaneous comparative fatigue testing of rubber elastic elements with different installation positions, forces and loads, accurately characterizing the fatigue performance of the rubber elastic element under complex stress, and uses the swing of the lever arm assembly to realize synchronous composite loading fatigue testing of multiple rubber elastic elements. Multiple rubber elastic elements can be connected to the swing arm of the lever arm assembly. Different connection positions make the arm lengths of the rubber elastic elements different, and the loads are also different, so that multiple specimens can be subjected to composite fatigue tests with different loads simultaneously, reducing the test cost and improving the test efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the composite loading test device for rubber elastic elements.

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following combination Figures 1 and 2 The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

[0028] The rubber elastic element composite loading test device is characterized in that: it comprises a test platform 1, a swingable lever force arm assembly 2 installed on the test platform 1, a mounting assembly 3 for mounting rubber elastic elements 100, a loading assembly 4 for driving the lever force arm assembly 2 to swing, and a vertical preloading assembly 5 for applying a vertical preloading load to the rubber elastic elements 100. The number of the lever force arm assemblies 2 is two, and they are arranged side by side on the test platform 1. Each lever force arm assembly 2 is provided with a mounting assembly 3 above it. The vertical preloading assembly 5 is fixed on the test platform 1 and connected with the mounting assembly 3. The loading assembly 4 is connected with one end of the lever force arm assembly 2. The rubber elastic elements 100 are symmetrically connected between the lever force arm assembly 2 and the mounting assembly 3 with the swing fulcrum of the lever force arm assembly 2 as the center, and are deformed with the swing of the lever force arm assembly 2.

[0029] The rubber elastic element composite loading test device is characterized in that: it comprises a test platform 1, a swingable lever force arm assembly 2 installed on the test platform 1, a mounting assembly 3 for mounting rubber elastic elements 100, a loading assembly 4 for driving the lever force arm assembly 2 to swing, and a vertical preloading assembly 5 for applying a vertical preloading load to the rubber elastic elements 100. The number of the lever force arm assemblies 2 is two, and they are arranged side by side on the test platform 1. Each lever force arm assembly 2 is provided with a mounting assembly 3 above it. The vertical preloading assembly 5 is fixed on the test platform 1 and connected with the mounting assembly 3. The loading assembly 4 is connected with one end of the lever force arm assembly 2. The rubber elastic elements 100 are symmetrically connected between the lever force arm assembly 2 and the mounting assembly 3 with the swing fulcrum of the lever force arm assembly 2 as the center, and are deformed with the swing of the lever force arm assembly 2. The rubber elastic element composite loading test device is characterized in that: it comprises a test platform 1, a swingable lever force arm assembly 2 installed on the test platform 1, a mounting assembly 3 for mounting rubber elastic elements 100, a loading assembly 4 for driving the lever force arm assembly 2 to swing, and a vertical preloading assembly 5 for applying a vertical preloading load to the rubber elastic elements 100. The number of the lever force arm assemblies 2 is two, and they are arranged side by side on the test platform 1. Each lever force arm assembly 2 is provided with a mounting assembly 3 above it. The vertical preloading assembly 5 is fixed on the test platform 1 and connected with the mounting assembly 3. The loading assembly 4 is connected with one end of the lever force arm assembly 2. The rubber elastic elements 100 are symmetrically connected between the lever force arm assembly 2 and the mounting assembly 3 with the swing fulcrum of the lever force arm assembly 2 as the center, and are deformed with the swing of the lever force arm assembly 2.

[0030] Among them, the mounting assembly 3 includes a preload beam 31 fixed to the upper end of the rubber elastic element and connected to the vertical preload assembly 5, and a limiting lower plate 32 for the lower end of the rubber elastic element 100 to pass through. The lower end of the rubber elastic element passes through the limiting lower plate 32 and is connected to the lever arm assembly 2. The limiting lower plate 32 is arranged in parallel directly above the lever arm assembly 2, and the preload beam 31 is arranged in parallel directly above the limiting lower plate 32. There are two limiting lower plates 32 and they are symmetrically distributed with the swing fulcrum of the lever arm assembly 2 as the center. Multiple rubber elastic elements 100 are arranged side by side on the limiting lower plate 2. As can be seen from the accompanying drawings, two limiting lower plates 32 are arranged under the preload beam 31. The two limiting lower plates 32 are symmetrically distributed with the swing fulcrum of the lever arm assembly 2 as the center. A plurality of rubber elastic elements 100 are arranged side by side on each limiting lower plate 32. The preload beam 31 is connected to the vertical preload assembly 5. The upper end of the rubber elastic element 100 is connected to the preload beam 31, and the lower end passes through the limiting lower plate 32 and is connected to the lever arm assembly 2. The swing of the lever arm assembly 2 will drive the rubber elastic element 100 to bear and deform. Since the lever arm assembly 2 swings in an arc around the swing fulcrum, the bearing direction of the rubber elastic element 100 is not unchanged along the vertical direction, but changes in real time with the swing of the lever arm assembly 2, so that the rubber elastic element 100 forms a composite load, which is closer to the real-time load-bearing working condition of the rubber elastic element 100 on the car, and can more accurately characterize the fatigue performance of the rubber elastic element under complex stress.

[0031] The lever force arm assembly 2 comprises a lever force arm 21 arranged in parallel below the limiting lower plate 32 and connected with the loading assembly 4, a swing support 22 fixed on the test platform 1 and connected with the lever force arm 21 to form a swing pivot, and a suspension connecting rod 23 connecting the lever force arm 21 and the rubber elastic element 100. The swing support 22 is fixed on the test platform 1, the midpoint of the lever force arm 21 is hinged with the swing support 22 to form a swing pivot, the loading assembly 4 is connected with the lever force arm 21 to drive the lever force arm 21 to swing around the swing pivot, the suspension connecting rod 23 connects the lever force arm 21 and the rubber elastic element 100, the distance from the suspension connecting rod 23 to the swing pivot is the length of the swing arm, the suspension connecting rod 23 corresponds to the rubber elastic element 100, and the suspension connecting rod 23 is symmetrically distributed on the lever force arm 21 with the swing pivot as the center. When the lever force arm 21 swings, the suspension connecting rod 23 moves synchronously to pull the rubber elastic element 100 to deform. In the initial state, the suspension connecting rod 23 is arranged vertically, and when the lever force arm 21 swings around the swing pivot, the suspension connecting rod 23 rotates relative to the lever force arm 21. To adapt to the downward swing of the lever force arm 21 or the downward swing, the suspension connecting rod 23 will tilt, which will pull the rubber elastic element 100 to deflect and deform, forming a deflection load. The downward swing of the swing arm of the lever force arm 21 causes the rubber elastic element 100 to stretch and deflect through the suspension connecting rod 23, and the downward swing of the swing arm causes the rubber elastic element 100 to compress and deflect through the suspension connecting rod 23. The swing of the lever force arm 21 forms the load deformation of the symmetrically arranged rubber elastic elements 100. The suspension connecting rod 23 connected with the rubber elastic element 100 has different distances from the swing pivot, so that the adjacent rubber elastic elements 100 have different loads, forming a synchronous comparison of multiple load tests. The reciprocating swing of the lever force arm 21 forms the alternating reciprocation of the stretching and deflection of the rubber elastic element 100.

[0032] Among them, the test platform 1 is fixed with a guide frame 6 that spans the lever arm 21. The guide frame 6 includes a vertical guide plate 61 vertically arranged on the inner side of the lever arm 21 and an L-shaped column 62 vertically arranged on the outer side of the lever arm 21. There are two L-shaped columns 62 and they are symmetrically arranged with the swing support 22 as the center. The L-shaped column 62 spans the lever arm 21, and the upper end is fixed to the vertical guide plate 61, and the lower end is fixed to the test platform 1. A gap is formed between the preload beam 31 and the limiting lower plate 32 and the vertical guide plate 61 respectively, and a gap is formed between the limiting lower plate 32 and the L-shaped column 62. The L-shaped vertical rod 62 and the vertical guide plate 61 guide the vertical movement of the limit lower plate 32 and the preload beam 31, limiting the horizontal deflection vibration of the rubber elastic element 100 during the swinging process of the lever arm 21, so that the rubber elastic element 100 is deformed only with the vertical swing of the lever arm assembly, reducing the vibration of the rubber elastic element 100 during the test and improving the test accuracy.

[0033] The swing support 22 includes two opposing reaction supports 221, a bearing 222 mounted on the reaction supports 221, and a rotating shaft. The lever arm 21 is disposed between the two reaction supports 221. The rotating shaft is fixed at the midpoint of the lever arm 21, and the ends extending out of the lever arm 21 are press-fitted into the bearings 222, forming a gap between the side of the lever arm 21 and the inner wall of the reaction supports 221. The position of the lever arm 21 where the rotating shaft is located is the swing fulcrum of the lever arm 21. The rotating shaft is fixed to the lever arm 21 and cooperates with the bearing 222 to ensure the smooth swing of the lever arm 21. The reaction support 221 is assembled with the bearing 222, and a gap is formed between the lever arm 21 and the bearing 222, forming a horizontal limit for the lever arm 21, limiting the horizontal deflection vibration of the lever arm 21, and improving the test accuracy.

[0034] The lever arm 21 is composed of two lever plates 211 and a connecting plate integrally formed between the two lever plates 211. A hinge 212 corresponding to the suspension link 23 is installed between the two lever plates 211. The lower end of the suspension link 23 extends between the two lever plates 211 and is hingedly connected to the hinge 212. The space between the two lever plates 211 forms a space for the suspension link 23 to extend. The suspension link 23 is hingedly connected to the hinge 212, and when the lever arm 21 swings, the suspension link 23 rotates about the hinge 212.

[0035] The test platform 1 is equipped with a guide seat 7 that guides the swing of the lever arm 21. The guide seat 7 extends between the two arm plates 211 and is symmetrically arranged around the swing support 22, forming a gap between the guide seat 7 and the arm plates 211. The guide seat 7 guides the swing of the lever arm 21, limiting the horizontal deflection vibration generated by the lever arm 21 during the swing process, so that the rubber elastic element 100 deforms only with the vertical swing of the lever arm assembly, reducing the vibration of the rubber elastic element 100 during the test and further improving the test accuracy. The guide seat 7 and the guide stand 6 are both used to limit the horizontal deflection swing generated by the lever arm 21 during the swing process, ensuring that the rubber elastic element 100 can only deform with the swing of the lever arm 21, thereby improving the test reliability.

[0036] The vertical preload assembly 5 includes a gantry 51 that spans the two lever arm assemblies 2 and is fixed to the test platform 1, and a preload cylinder 52 mounted on the gantry 51. A guide beam 53, perpendicular to the preload beam 31, is mounted on the gantry 51 and positioned above the preload beam 31. The preload cylinder passes through the guide beam and is connected to the midpoint of the preload beam's top surface. Guided by the guide beam 53, the preload cylinder 52 is connected to the preload beam 31. The preload cylinder 52 applies a vertical force to the preload beam 31. The downward movement of the preload beam 31 causes the symmetrically mounted rubber elastic elements 100 on the preload beam 31 to be preloaded synchronously, simulating the vehicle or cargo load borne by the rubber elastic elements on the vehicle. Under the preload condition, the rubber elastic elements simultaneously undergo compression and tension deflection tests, simulating the load-bearing conditions of the rubber elastic elements on the vehicle.

[0037] The loading assembly 4 includes a loading link 41 hinged to the lever arm 21 and a loading beam 42 for transmitting force to the loading link 41. The lower end of the loading link 41 is hinged to the end of the lever arm 21, and the upper end is connected to the loading beam 42. The loading beam 42 is arranged horizontally and perpendicular to the lever arm 21. The midpoint of the top surface of the loading beam 42 has a loading connection end connected to the vertical loading device. The loading beam 42 is connected to the vertical loading device to apply a vertical load, which drives the lever arm 21 to swing through the loading link 41. The magnitude of the vertical load determines the swing angle of the lever arm 21. The corresponding vertical load can be applied according to the load-bearing requirements of the rubber elastic element 100.

[0038] The present invention also protects a composite loading fatigue test method for a rubber elastic element, which uses the composite loading fatigue test device for a rubber elastic element as described above to perform the test, and the steps are as follows:

[0039] First, multiple rubber elastic elements 100 are installed on the mounting assembly 3;

[0040] Next, according to the actual load after the rubber elastic element 100 is assembled in place, the vertical preload component 5 is started to apply a vertical preload to the rubber elastic element;

[0041] Then, according to the application conditions of the rubber elastic element, a vertical load is applied to the loading assembly 4 to drive the lever arm assembly 2 to swing so that the rubber elastic element 100 is loaded and deformed.

[0042] In the test method described above, when the lever arm assembly 2 swings, one side of the swing arm swings downward to stretch the rubber elastic element 100, and the other side of the swing arm swings upward to compress the rubber elastic element 100, and the swing arm swings in an arc trajectory with the swing fulcrum as the center, so that the rubber elastic element 100 deflects while being stretched or compressed, forming tensile deflection, compression deflection, and alternating tensile deflection and compression deflection of the rubber elastic element. The swing angle formed by the lever arm assembly 2 is used to simulate the uneven road conditions of the car passing through the left high and right low or the right high and left low. The vertical preload assembly 5 is used to apply a vertical preload to the rubber elastic element 100 to simulate the load of the car body or cargo borne by the rubber elastic element on the car. The rubber elastic element is subjected to compression deflection and tensile deflection tests simultaneously under preload conditions to simulate the load-bearing conditions of the rubber elastic element on the car, thereby realizing synchronous comparative fatigue tests on rubber elastic elements with different installation positions, forces and loads, accurately characterizing the fatigue performance of the rubber elastic element under complex stress, and realizing synchronous composite loading fatigue tests on multiple rubber elastic elements 100 by swinging the lever arm assembly 2. Multiple rubber elastic elements 100 can be connected to the swing arm of the lever arm assembly 2. Different connection positions result in different arm lengths and loads of the rubber elastic elements, thereby realizing composite fatigue tests with different loads on multiple specimens simultaneously, reducing test costs and improving test efficiency.

[0043] The above fully describes the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Rubber elastic element composite loading fatigue test device, characterized by: The test platform comprises a test platform, a lever arm assembly swingably mounted on the test platform, a mounting assembly for mounting a rubber elastic element, a loading assembly for driving the lever arm assembly to swing, and a vertical preload assembly for applying a vertical preload to the rubber elastic element. The lever arm assemblies are two in number and are arranged in parallel on the test platform. A mounting assembly is provided directly above each lever arm assembly. The vertical preload assembly is fixed to the test platform and connected to the mounting assembly. The loading assembly is connected to one end of the lever arm assembly. The rubber elastic element is symmetrically connected between the lever arm assembly and the mounting assembly with the swing fulcrum of the lever arm assembly as the center, and deforms as the lever arm assembly swings. The mounting assembly includes a preload beam fixed to the upper end of the rubber elastic element and connected to the vertical preload assembly, and a limit lower plate for the lower end of the rubber elastic element to pass through. The lower end of the rubber elastic element passes through the limit lower plate and is connected to the lever arm assembly. The limit lower plate is arranged parallel to and directly above the lever arm assembly. The preload beam is arranged parallel to and directly above the limit lower plate. There are two limit lower plates and they are symmetrically distributed around the swing fulcrum of the lever arm assembly. A plurality of rubber elastic elements are arranged side by side on the limit lower plates. The lever arm assembly includes a lever arm arranged in parallel and just below the limit lower plate and connected to the loading assembly, a swing support fixed on the test platform and connected to the lever arm to form a swing fulcrum, and a suspension link connecting the lever arm and the rubber elastic element. The swing support is hinged to the midpoint of the lever arm. Multiple suspension links are arranged side by side along the lever arm and correspond one-to-one to the rubber elastic elements. The upper end of the suspension link is hinged to the rubber elastic element, and the lower end is hinged to the lever arm.

2. The rubber elastic element composite loading fatigue testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test platform is fixed with a guide frame that spans the lever arm. The guide frame includes a vertical guide plate vertically arranged on the inner side of the lever arm and an L-shaped pole vertically arranged on the outer side of the lever arm. There are two L-shaped poles and they are symmetrically arranged with the swing support as the center. The L-shaped pole spans the lever arm, and the upper end is fixed to the vertical guide plate and the lower end is fixed to the test platform. A gap is formed between the preload beam and the limit lower plate and the vertical guide plate, and a gap is formed between the limit lower plate and the L-shaped column.

3. The rubber elastic element composite loading fatigue testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing support includes two oppositely arranged reaction supports, bearings and rotating shafts mounted on the reaction supports. The lever arm is arranged between the two reaction supports. The rotating shaft is fixed at the midpoint of the lever arm, and the ends of the lever arms extend out and are pressed into the bearings respectively. A gap is formed between the side of the lever arm and the inner wall of the reaction support.

4. The rubber elastic element composite loading fatigue testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lever arm is composed of two arm plates and a connecting plate integrally formed between the two arm plates. A hinge corresponding to the suspension link is installed between the two arm plates. The lower end of the suspension link extends between the two arm plates and is hinged to the hinge.

5. The rubber elastic element composite loading fatigue testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The test platform is equipped with a guide seat for guiding the swing of the lever arm. The guide seat extends between the two arm plates. The guide seat is symmetrically arranged with the swing support as the center, and a gap is formed between the guide seat and the arm plate.

6. The rubber elastic element composite loading fatigue testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical preload assembly includes a gantry that spans two lever arm assemblies and is fixed to the test platform, and a preload cylinder installed on the gantry. The gantry is equipped with a guide beam perpendicular to the preload beam, and the guide beam is located above the preload beam. The preload cylinder passes through the guide beam and is connected to the midpoint of the top surface of the preload beam.

7. The rubber elastic element composite loading fatigue testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading assembly includes a loading link hinged to the lever arm and a loading beam for transmitting force to the loading link. The lower end of the loading link is hinged to the end of the lever arm, and the upper end is connected to the loading beam. The loading beam is horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the lever arm. The midpoint of the top surface of the loading beam has a loading connection end connected to the vertical loading device.

8. A composite loading fatigue test method for a rubber elastic element, comprising the following steps: First, a plurality of rubber elastic elements are installed on the mounting assembly; Next, according to the actual load after the rubber elastic element is assembled in place, the vertical preload component is activated to apply a vertical preload to the rubber elastic element; Then, according to the application conditions of the rubber elastic element, a vertical load is applied to the loading assembly, driving the lever arm assembly to swing and causing the rubber elastic element to deform under load.

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