A directional and orderly fish killing and descaling device

Abstract

The invention discloses a directional and orderly fish killing and descaling device, which comprises a guided directional feeding mechanism, the outlet of the feeding structure is connected to the inlet of a guide groove, the outlet of the guide groove is connected to the inlet of a discharging pool, the guide groove has a slope, so that the fish body output by the guided directional feeding mechanism can slide down the guide groove by its own weight and enter the discharging pool; the guide groove is provided with a multi-roller flexible clamping and descaling mechanism and a positioning fish killing mechanism in sequence according to the direction in which the fish body slides down. The invention can complete the feeding, directional clamping, bleeding and descaling of fish, and realize the automatic and orderly processing of fish.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aquatic product processing machinery, and in particular to a directional and orderly fish killing and descaling device. Background Art

[0002] China is the world's largest fishery producer, with total fishery output accounting for nearly 40% of the world's total output. The primary processing of fish includes cleaning, grading, killing and bleeding, descaling, degumming, deheading, and cutting. As people's living standards continue to improve, the demand for high-quality fish protein continues to grow. The manual processing model can no longer meet the requirements of large-scale production, and high-quality, efficient, and mechanized fish processing has become an inevitable requirement.

[0003] Killing fish and bleeding is a key step in the initial processing of fish. The fish meat treated with bleeding has less fishy smell, which is conducive to improving the taste and quality of the fish meat. At the same time, the fish after bleeding is easy to keep fresh and not easy to deteriorate. The gills of fish are where the blood vessels are concentrated. Generally, a knife is pierced at the lower edge of the gill cover on both sides. After bleeding, it is placed in clean water and allowed to swim, so that the blood in the fish body can flow out of the body as soon as possible, so that the blood in the fish body is minimized. At present, in the processing of fish, it is usually necessary to bleed manually, and then the fish after bleeding is washed manually in the washing pool. This processing method has low processing efficiency and high labor intensity, and lacks practical fish killing and bleeding machinery. Fish descaling is to remove the scales on the surface of the fish body by scraping the scale structure. Descaling machinery is usually used for batch processing of small and medium-sized fish or processing large and medium-sized fish one by one. Commonly used methods for descaling include water jets, scrapers, brushes, mesh plates, rollers, etc., which mainly have the problems of low descaling rate and large damage to the fish body. In the development of equipment for mechanical integration of all aspects of fish killing, fish body orientation is a difficult point in research. How to provide a fish killing and scaling device with a high degree of mechanized integration, high quality and high efficiency is an urgent problem that technical personnel in this field need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention is mainly to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a directional and orderly fish killing and descaling device, which can complete the feeding, directional clamping, bleeding and descaling of fish, and realize the automated and orderly processing of fish.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A directional and orderly fish killing and descaling device is characterized in that it includes: a guided directional feeding mechanism, the outlet of the feeding structure is connected to the entrance of a guide groove, the outlet of the guide groove is connected to the entrance of a discharge pool, the guide groove has a slope, so that the fish body output by the guided directional feeding mechanism can slide down the guide groove into the discharge pool by its own weight; a multi-roller flexible clamping descaling mechanism and a positioning fish killing mechanism are sequentially arranged on the guide groove according to the direction in which the fish body slides.

[0007] The beneficial effects brought by the present invention are:

[0008] (1) The guided orientation of the present invention has the function of guiding the live fish to swim in an orderly manner. It cleverly utilizes the physiological characteristics of the live fish and sprays water to the live fish in the feeding pool through the nozzle, forcing the live fish to swim towards the guide groove with their heads naturally facing the guide groove. With the cooperation of the water spray system and the fish wheel, when the fish body slides down the guide groove, it matches the fish head locator to achieve a single directional feeding effect, which can solve the problem of difficulty in orienting the fish body during the killing process.

[0009] (2) The positioning fish killing mechanism of the present invention has the functions of flexible positioning of the fish head and double-position bleeding, which can adapt to the positioning and parking requirements of fish of different specifications. The double-position bleeding can achieve simultaneous bleeding of the gills and brain of the fish, which is beneficial to increase the bleeding speed, accelerate the death of the fish, and achieve the purpose of rapid fish killing and bleeding.

[0010] (3) The multi-roller flexible clamping and descaling mechanism of the present invention adopts a clamping method that combines chain and hyperbolic flexible rollers to form an olive-shaped clamping space that can adapt to the side clamping needs of the fish body; through the combined movement of the hyperbolic rollers forward and backward, an efficient and full-coverage descaling effect is achieved.

[0011] (4) The present invention can complete the mechanized operations of directional and orderly feeding, positioning, bleeding and descaling of live fish, and has the advantages of simple structure, high degree of integration and high efficiency. It can solve the problem that the fish killing and descaling process relies on manual labor, has high labor intensity and low efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of a directional and orderly fish killing and descaling device provided by the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 It is a right-side structural schematic diagram of a directional and orderly fish killing and descaling device provided by the present invention;

[0014] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the drainage slope structure of a directional and orderly fish killing and descaling device provided by the present invention;

[0015] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fish-moving wheel of a directional and orderly fish killing and descaling device provided by the present invention;

[0016] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fish head locator of a directional and orderly fish killing and descaling device provided by the present invention;

[0017] Figure 6 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a multi-roller flexible clamping and descaling mechanism of a directional and orderly fish killing and descaling device provided by the present invention;

[0018] Figure 7This is the second structural schematic diagram of a multi-roller flexible clamping descaling mechanism of a directional and orderly fish killing and descaling device provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the hyperbolic roller structure of a directional and orderly fish killing and descaling device provided by the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1-feeding tank, 11-drainage slope, 21-sprinkler, 22-spray pipe, 23-water tank, 24-water pump, 3-V-shaped diverter trough, 4-fish-moving mechanism, 41-fish-moving wheel, 411-saddle-shaped curved surface, 412-side plane, 5-multi-roller flexible clamping and descaling mechanism, 51-hyperbolic roller, 511-small bearing with seat, 512-small sprocket, 513-flexible roller surface, 514-descaling unit, 515-roller shaft, 52-conveying chain transmission mechanism, 53-rotating chain transmission mechanism, 54-olive-shaped clamping space, 6-double-position fish killing mechanism, 7-head parking mechanism, 71-head adaptive curved surface, 72-double-position bleeding hole, 8-discharging tank, 9-frame, 10-motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0022] See also Figure 1-2 , is a directional and orderly fish killing and descaling device provided by the present invention, which includes a frame and a guided directional feeding mechanism arranged on the frame, the outlet of the feeding structure is connected to the inlet of a guide groove, and the outlet of the guide groove is connected to the inlet of the discharge pool. The guide groove has a certain slope, so that the fish body output from the guided directional feeding mechanism can slide into the discharge pool by its own weight. The multi-roller flexible clamping descaling mechanism and the positioning fish killing mechanism are arranged on the guide groove in sequence according to the direction of the fish body sliding.

[0023] The guided directional feeding mechanism includes a feeding pool, a water spraying system arranged behind the feeding pool, and a V-shaped diversion groove arranged in front of the feeding pool. The large opening of the V-shaped diversion groove faces the water spraying system, and the small opening of the V-shaped tip relative to the large opening is connected to the entrance of the guide groove. The water spraying system includes a nozzle, a nozzle, a water tank, and a water pump connected in sequence. The water sprayed from the nozzle flows toward the guide groove, and under the guidance of the water flow, the fish automatically swims toward the guide groove along the drainage slope.

[0024] The nozzle, the V-shaped diverter groove corresponding to the nozzle, the guide groove, the multi-roller flexible clamping descaling mechanism and the positioning fish killing mechanism can be provided in multiple sets, preferably 4 sets.

[0025] The outlet of the feeding pool is connected to the inlet of the guide trough. The bottom of the feeding pool is designed as an S-shaped surface, and a drainage slope is formed near the inlet of the guide trough. The shape of the drainage slope is designed to accommodate fish and orderly drainage. According to the size and swimming characteristics of the fish, the contour curve model of the drainage slope is determined as follows:

[0026]

[0027] Where: l is the length of the fish body, h is the width of the fish body.

[0028] The fish-moving mechanism includes a fish-moving wheel, a seat bearing, a shaft, a gear and a motor. The motor drives the fish-moving wheel to rotate. The fish-moving wheel is located above the drainage slope near the entrance of the guide groove or above the entrance of the guide groove. The fish-moving wheel includes 4 arc-shaped clamping blades evenly distributed around the circumference. The arc-shaped clamping blades have a saddle-shaped surface for fitting the back and sides of the fish body and side planes located on both sides of the saddle-shaped surface. The side planes support and clamp the sides of the fish body. During the rotation of the fish-moving wheel, the function of clamping the fish body and moving it forward is realized. The saddle-shaped surface is designed based on the principle of profiling. According to the idea that the saddle and the horse's back contour are matched to achieve a stable riding of the human body, a saddle-shaped surface suitable for the fish body is obtained based on the back contour of the fish body. The key contour equation of the saddle-shaped surface is:

[0029]

[0030] In the formula, a, b, c, d, and e are five contour curves distributed from top to bottom on the saddle surface, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 4 As shown in Figure 1, it is used to represent the contour of the saddle surface. Each curve equation can characterize the characteristics of the corresponding contour line.

[0031] The positioning fish killing mechanism comprises a head parking mechanism and a double-position fish killing mechanism arranged on the guiding side of the guide groove.

[0032] The head parking mechanism includes a fish head locator, a crank mechanism, and a motor. One end of the fish head locator is hinged and fixed on the side wall of the guide groove, and the top of the fish head locator is hinged to the crank mechanism. When the motor drives the crank mechanism to rotate, the fish head locator can swing up and down around the hinge axis or hinge point. When it is downward, it is placed in the guide groove, and when it is upward, it is rotated at the hinge and swung out of the guide groove, realizing the opening and closing function of the guide groove channel.

[0033] The double-position fish killing mechanism includes a bleeding needle and an electric push rod. The electric push rod is installed on the frame on the side of the guide groove, and the bleeding needle is placed at the end of the electric push rod. Each set of double-position fish killing mechanism is provided with 2 bleeding needles, and the 2 bleeding needles are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction.

[0034] The fish head locator has a head adaptive curved surface and a double-position bleeding hole. The head adaptive curved surface is designed based on the shape of fish heads of different specifications to achieve more stable fish head support. The surface of the head adaptive curved surface is bonded with a flexible polyurethane material to reduce the collision damage to the fish head caused by the sliding contact of the fish body. The double-position bleeding hole is placed on both sides of the fish head locator, and one side has two vertically arranged circular holes. The diameter of the circular hole is set to 8mm.

[0035] The bleeding needle matches the position of the double-position bleeding hole. The bleeding needle reciprocates under the drive of the electric push rod. When the push rod is extended, the double bleeding needle can be inserted into the corresponding double-position bleeding hole to complete the thimble-type fish killing and bleeding action.

[0036] The multi-roller flexible clamping and descaling mechanism includes a hyperbolic roller, a conveyor chain transmission mechanism, and a self-rotating chain transmission mechanism. The conveyor chain transmission mechanism and the self-rotating chain transmission mechanism are both composed of a large sprocket, a chain, a transmission shaft, a large bearing with a seat, a gear, and a motor, and are both double-chain parallel structures. The conveyor chain transmission mechanism and the self-rotating chain transmission mechanism are both fixed on the frame, and the chain is parallel to the guide groove. The hyperbolic roller includes a flexible roller surface, a roller shaft, a small bearing with a seat, and a small sprocket. A small sprocket is arranged at each end of each hyperbolic roller. The hyperbolic rollers are evenly arranged vertically between the double chains of the conveyor chain transmission mechanism and are installed on the conveyor chain through a small bearing with a seat. The hyperbolic rollers can perform cyclic motion with the movement of the conveyor chain transmission mechanism. Two sets of conveyor chain transmission mechanisms are arranged in parallel on both sides of the guide groove at a certain distance. The two rows of hyperbolic rollers are combined into an olive-shaped clamping space for clamping the two sides of the fish body, and combined with the positioning fish killing mechanism to clamp the whole fish. The self-rotating chain transmission mechanism is placed outside the conveyor chain transmission mechanism, and its chain meshes with the pinion of the hyperbolic roller. Driven by the self-rotating chain transmission mechanism, the hyperbolic roller on the clamping space side can rotate. Under the combined action of the conveyor chain transmission mechanism and the self-rotating chain transmission mechanism, the hyperbolic roller in the olive-shaped clamping space performs a compound motion of moving forward and rotating at the same time, thereby clamping and descaling the fish body.

[0037] The roller surface is made of flexible PVC material, and a raised descaling unit is arranged on the surface thereof. By irregularly arranging the descaling units, the descaling units can fully cover the contact position of the fish body during the rotation of the hyperbolic roller, thereby reducing the descaling blind area.

[0038] The discharging pool is fixed on the frame, and circulating water is contained in the discharging pool for cleaning the fish bodies that have fallen.

[0039] A number of live fish are poured into the feeding pool, and the live fish swim freely in the pool. The water sprayed from the nozzle flows toward the guide groove. Under the guidance of the water flow, the fish automatically swims toward the guide groove along the drainage slope. At the entrance of the guide groove, the fish body contacts the saddle-shaped surface of the fish wheel. Under the rotation of the fish wheel, the fish body is pushed forward. Under the coordination of the push and the fish body's own swimming, the fish body passes over the top of the drainage slope and slides down in the guide groove with the back facing up and the head facing forward. The guide groove constrains the two sides of the fish body to maintain the directional posture of the fish body. During the sliding process, the fish body enters the olive-shaped clamping space of the multi-roller flexible clamping and descaling mechanism. When the head of the fish body contacts the fish head locator, the fish body stops sliding down under the obstruction of the fish head locator. The fish head locator supports the fish head to achieve positioning, and the two sides of the fish body are supported by hyperbolic rollers to achieve the stability of the fish body. The double-position fish killing mechanism makes a reciprocating motion, and the bleeding needle pierces the fish brain and gills to achieve the bleeding of the fish. Then the multi-roller flexible clamping and descaling mechanism moves under the drive of the motor 3, and the flexible roller surface performs a compound motion of moving forward and rotating at the same time, and the descaling units arranged on its surface achieve full coverage descaling of the fish surface. After descaling, the head parking mechanism opens, the fish body ends the positioning clamping, slides down along the guide groove, falls into the discharge pool, and completes bleeding and descaling in the water of the discharge pool. The four fish killing and processing channels are processed independently and work together to achieve efficient fish killing and descaling operations.

[0040] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that a person skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A directional and orderly fish killing and descaling device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a guided directional feeding mechanism, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of a guide groove, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of a discharging pool, the guide groove has a slope, so that the fish output by the guided directional feeding mechanism can slide down the guide groove into the discharging pool by its own weight; a multi-roller flexible clamping and descaling mechanism and a positioning fish killing mechanism are sequentially arranged on the guide groove according to the direction in which the fish slides down; The guided directional feeding mechanism comprises a feeding pool, a water spray system arranged at the rear of the feeding pool, and a V-shaped diverter groove arranged at the front of the feeding pool; the large opening of the V-shaped diverter groove faces the water spray system, and the small opening of the V-shaped tip relative to the large opening is connected to the entrance of the guide groove; a drainage slope is formed near the entrance of the guide groove on the bottom surface of the feeding pool, and a fish wheel is arranged above the drainage slope near the entrance of the guide groove or directly above the entrance of the guide groove; The fish wheel comprises a plurality of arc-shaped clamping blades evenly distributed around the circumference, wherein the arc-shaped clamping blades have a saddle-shaped curved surface for fitting the back and sides of the fish body and side planes located on both sides of the saddle-shaped curved surface, and the side planes are used for supporting and clamping the sides of the fish body.

2. The directional and orderly fish killing and descaling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contour curve equation of the drainage slope is: Where: l is the length of the fish body, h is the width of the fish body.

3. The directional and orderly fish killing and descaling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contour equation of the saddle surface is: Where a, b, c, d, and e are five contour curves distributed from top to bottom on the saddle surface to characterize the characteristics of the corresponding shape contour.

4. The directional and orderly fish killing and descaling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning fish killing mechanism comprises a head parking mechanism and a double-position fish killing mechanism arranged on the guiding side of the guide groove.

5. The directional and orderly fish killing and descaling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The head parking mechanism includes a fish head locator, one end of which is hinged and fixed on the side wall of the guide groove. The fish head locator can swing back and forth up and down around the hinge. When it is downward, it is placed in the guide groove, and when it is upward, it is swung out of the guide groove, thereby realizing the opening and closing function of the guide groove channel.

6. The directional and orderly fish killing and descaling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fish head locator has a head adaptive curved surface, and a flexible polyurethane material is arranged on the head adaptive curved surface to reduce collision damage to the fish head caused by the fish body sliding down and contacting the fish head.

7. The directional and orderly fish killing and descaling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fish head locator has a double-position bleeding hole, which is arranged on at least one side of the fish head locator. The double-position bleeding holes correspond to the fish brain and the fish gills respectively, and match the position of a movable bleeding needle of an external device. The bleeding needle is inserted or pulled out of the corresponding double-position bleeding hole.

8. The directional and orderly fish killing and descaling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The multi-roller flexible clamping and descaling mechanism comprises a hyperbolic roller and a conveyor chain transmission mechanism, wherein the hyperbolic rollers are evenly arranged vertically between the double chains of the conveyor chain transmission mechanism, and the hyperbolic rollers can perform circumferential cyclic motion with the movement of the conveyor chain transmission mechanism; two sets of conveyor chain transmission mechanisms are arranged in parallel at a certain interval on both sides of the guide groove, and two rows of hyperbolic rollers are combined into an olive-shaped clamping space for clamping the two sides of the fish body, and combined with the head parking mechanism to clamp the whole fish; The roller surface of the hyperbolic roller is made of flexible PVC material, and a raised descaling unit is arranged on the surface.

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