A prefabricated intelligent substation

Abstract

A prefabricated intelligent substation includes a substation with primary equipment and integrated secondary equipment that can be removed from the original substation. The primary equipment is encapsulated using GIS gas. All secondary equipment is functionally divided into: current module, voltage module, non-electrical parameter module, switching quantity module, multi-circuit start module, multi-circuit tripping module, multi-circuit reclosing module, and multi-circuit closing module. Each module is connected to the system bus via multiple analog switches, and each module is multi-circuit integrated. For parts of the secondary equipment that need to communicate with the primary equipment, all communication is wireless. This invention utilizes a "one-to-many" integrated control technology to achieve large-scale, high-level integration of all secondary systems in the entire substation, significantly reducing the number of various secondary devices in the original substation and removing them from the existing substation, further reducing the substation's footprint.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to substations in the power sector, particularly intelligent substations. Background Technology

[0002] "Economic development requires electricity as a prerequisite"—this is a fundamental fact widely accepted in today's society. However, with the continuous development of the national economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the demand for electricity is increasing, accompanied by a shortage of land supply. This makes power grid construction increasingly difficult, and issues such as land acquisition for substations and compensation for crops for farmers are becoming more prominent, resulting in a situation where planning is difficult to implement and implementation is difficult to advance. However, the country's economic development and people's daily lives urgently require power construction to keep pace with the times. This raises the question of how to significantly reduce the land area occupied by existing substations. If the land area occupied by substations can be significantly reduced, then the power industry can better serve national economic and social development.

[0003] Modern substations, especially smart substations, while each secondary device has its own CPU, these CPUs are merely used for computational tasks within their own devices, resulting in overly simplistic functionality. Having so many CPUs concentrated in one substation doesn't improve its overall intelligence; it's simply a repetitive accumulation of basic CPU functions. Therefore, current smart substations, lacking their own CPU (i.e., a brain), are not truly intelligent substations in the strictest sense.

[0004] like Figure 24 As shown, the existing intelligent substation is equipped with capacitor 1', main transformer 2', 10kV or 35kV switch room 4', secondary equipment room 4', 110kV or 220kV or 500kV or 1000kV primary electrical equipment 5', and internal roads 6'.

[0005] Combination Figure 24 The shortcomings of current smart stations can be summarized as follows:

[0006] 1. Modern substations not only contain various primary electrical equipment 5' responsible for power transmission and transformation, but also internal roads 6' for personnel and vehicle access, safety equipment rooms, and other buildings not directly related to power transmission and transformation. Secondary equipment rooms 4' also occupy a significant portion of the building area. In addition, there are AC / DC rooms and battery rooms required by the power supply system. All of these increase the land area required for the substation.

[0007] 2. Currently, secondary equipment in substations is configured according to outgoing line bays. It is either centrally grouped into panels, occupying a separate, sizable secondary equipment room 4', or distributed across various outgoing switchgear along with the primary electrical equipment 5'. Regardless of the configuration, there is a problem of duplicate protection configurations for the same functions, not even considering the issue of dual configuration. Thus, even without the dual configuration problem, the protection configuration alone results in significant equipment and land waste.

[0008] 3. In existing substation technology, although microprocessor-based protection systems are configured with their own CPUs, their functions are extremely simple, only meeting the needs of the corresponding functions of the switches in the local bay. Even if all the microprocessor-based protection CPUs in a substation are centralized together, it is merely a collection of many simple-function CPUs, rather than forming a powerful CPU capable of uniformly commanding all secondary equipment in the entire substation.

[0009] 4. In the prior art, the starting circuit of the protection device is a set of protection circuits with a separate starting circuit, which are connected to the current and voltage transformers in their respective bays by wire (control cable or optical cable).

[0010] like Figure 25 The diagram shows the connection between the existing primary system and the secondary protection device via a wired connection, with a large current flowing through... Figure 25 The current transformers 1LH, 2LH, and LH0 in the upper left of the diagram convert the current into a small allowable current for the secondary system and connect it to the secondary protection device via wired connection (labeled 1n in the middle of the diagram). The high voltage of the primary system is converted into a low allowable voltage for the secondary system through voltage transformers (not shown in the diagram) and connected to YMa, YMb, YMc, YMn, and YM0 in the lower left of the diagram, and connected to the secondary protection device via wired connection (1n in the diagram).

[0011] The existing system, where each protection device has its own starting circuit and is wired to the current and voltage transformers in its respective bay, requires a number of protection devices and starting circuits equal to the number of bays. This means each protection device can only protect a specific line, not multiple lines simultaneously. This necessitates numerous redundant wiring connections and the redundant configuration of many similar or identical protection devices, resulting in significant resource waste. It also limits the large-scale development of substations, and the issue of substation land use remains prominent.

[0012] 5. In existing technologies, to improve line reliability and avoid unnecessary power outages caused by transient faults, reclosing devices are generally installed on each line (some special lines, such as main transformer and capacitor lines, do not have reclosing devices). However, considering the arc extinguishing factor of the switch, it is stipulated that the reclosing device can only operate once, and the next operation must wait for a specified time. This configuration of reclosing devices results in a waste of reclosing resource allocation, and the restriction of only one operation within a specified time limits the application scope of reclosing devices.

[0013] 6. In existing technologies, the control circuits of switches are generally configured according to switch units, that is, one control circuit is assigned to each switch for opening and closing operations. However, sometimes there are switches that operate by phase, requiring control circuits to be configured by phase, that is, each phase requires three control circuits. This requires no fewer control circuits than the number of switch bays, resulting in new material waste.

[0014] The existing opening and closing execution circuits are configured according to the switch unit. All switches that need to be opened and closed are equipped with a complete opening and closing control circuit. The control circuit controls its respective opening and closing execution circuit through a wired means such as a control cable to finally complete the opening and closing operation.

[0015] 7. In existing technologies, the acquisition and input of switch signals are all connected to the protection device via wired means (control cables or optical fibers). See also... Figure 1 This is the schematic diagram of the existing switch input. Figure 1 DL and GWK are position switches for circuit breakers and various disconnect switches. These position switches are connected to secondary equipment via wired connections. Figure 1 Connected to 1n).

[0016] 8. In existing substation technology, to ensure the normal operation of all switch operating mechanisms and protection devices throughout the substation, some power systems still need AC / DC power. This increases investment and the substation's footprint. Furthermore, the commonly used lead-acid batteries pollute the environment. The wiring of the power system is generally as follows... Figure 2 As shown.

[0017] In summary, current smart substations in power systems suffer from problems such as large footprint and low level of intelligence. Summary of the Invention

[0018] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is how to further reduce the footprint of smart substations on a large scale and significantly improve the intelligence level of smart substations.

[0019] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means: a GIS-based fully enclosed prefabricated intelligent substation, including a substation that eliminates all building areas (including secondary equipment rooms) unrelated to the power transmission and transformation process, no longer considers personnel and vehicle access, and eliminates the power system used, and only contains primary equipment. On this basis, the remaining primary equipment is encapsulated in whole using GIS gas, further reducing the substation's footprint. The secondary equipment of the substation is removed. The new secondary system adopts a "three-bus" structure and all secondary equipment is divided into the following according to function: current module (1), voltage module (2), non-electrical parameter module (3), switch quantity module (4), multi-circuit start module (5), multi-circuit trip module (6), multi-circuit reclosing module (7), and multi-circuit closing module (8). Each module is connected to the system bus (10) through a multi-channel analog switch (9). Multi-circuit integration is performed on each module. For the parts of the secondary equipment that need to communicate with the primary equipment, all communication is carried out using a wide area wireless network.

[0020] Among them, the current module (1) and voltage module (2) integrate the current and voltage of the entire station, the non-electrical quantity parameter module (3) integrates the non-electrical quantity parameters of the entire station, and the switching quantity module (4) integrates all the switching quantities that need to be transmitted in the entire station. The current module (1), voltage module (2), non-electrical quantity parameter module (3), and switching quantity module (4) are connected via a wireless wide area network (such as... Figure 26 )and Figure 24 The device communicates with the primary equipment (in this invention, inside a GIS sealed tank) to obtain relevant information such as current, voltage, non-electrical quantity, and switching quantity.

[0021] After the multi-circuit start module (5) obtains current from the current module (1) through the multi-channel analog switch (9), it performs fault analysis and judgment. If the multi-circuit start module (5) determines that there is a fault, it directly sends an overcurrent trip or instantaneous trip signal to the multi-circuit trip module (6). The multi-circuit trip module (6) determines which circuits have faults and then completes the tripping action through a wireless sensor based on the protection action of each line. The protection action signal and the switch position signal are sent to the multi-circuit reclosing module (7). The multi-circuit reclosing module (7) starts reclosing according to the set start conditions. The reclosing output is directly connected to the multi-circuit closing module (8). The multi-circuit closing module (8) performs a pre-closing status check on all circuits. Only switches that have been tripped by protection and are in the tripping state and have been tripped no more than once within the specified time range can be successfully reclosed. Switches that meet other conditions but have been tripped more than once within the specified time range will not be reclosed.

[0022] The advantages of this invention are:

[0023] 1. Eliminate all building areas within existing substations that are unrelated to power transmission and transformation, and no longer consider the entry and exit of personnel and vehicles;

[0024] 2. Eliminating the existing power supply system: This invention utilizes its unique "one-to-many" integrated control technology to achieve large-scale, high-level integration of all secondary systems in the entire substation. This significantly reduces the number of various secondary devices in the original substation and removes them from the existing substation, further reducing the substation's footprint. Since the existing substation's building area is eliminated and personnel activities within the substation are restricted, the power supply systems required in the original substation are no longer needed in this invention. However, essential power supply is still required, but the capacity is greatly reduced. Traditional power supply systems with batteries and AC / DC systems are no longer needed. Only the switching mechanisms, transformer cooling systems, and related transmitters require power in the new substation; therefore, only one power line with sufficient capacity is needed, with a maximum of two power lines considered as backups.

[0025] 3. After eliminating all buildings within the substation that are not directly related to power transmission and transformation, removing the secondary systems from the substation, and eliminating the power systems used, the remaining primary systems within the substation are further spatially compressed using GIS technology, resulting in a significant reduction in the substation's footprint.

[0026] 4. It achieves long-distance separation and wireless data transmission between the primary and secondary systems of the substation. Under current substation technology, both the primary and secondary systems are located within the substation. This is changed to a system where the primary system is located within the substation, while the secondary system is located remotely. The communication method between the primary and secondary systems has been changed from wired communication to wireless wide area network communication. This further reduces the substation's footprint.

[0027] 5. The secondary system adopts a "three-bus" structure. A single CPU directs the operation of all secondary systems throughout the substation, significantly improving its intelligence level compared to existing substation secondary systems. From the perspective of power grid safety, this invention recommends using domestically produced CPUs, such as Loongson CPUs. Using domestically produced CPUs also helps prevent network hacking from intruding into and damaging the substation's communication network, thus more effectively ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the power grid. However, this does not mean that using other CPU models will have fundamental technical differences from this invention; regardless of the CPU model used, the technical approach remains consistent with this invention.

[0028] Because all the new modules of this invention, such as the "current and voltage module," "switching quantity module," "non-electrical quantity module," and "multi-loop start-up module," are connected to the "three-bus," data processing between each module and the CPU is performed using DMA, which speeds up data processing. It is also compatible with other data processing methods.

[0029] 6. A multi-circuit starting module is adopted, ensuring that any circuit experiencing overcurrent or instantaneous overcurrent protection will generate a corresponding action signal. Regardless of the number of circuits experiencing faults simultaneously, the multi-circuit starting module will immediately reflect the situation. Then, based on the overcurrent and instantaneous overcurrent discrimination criteria, the module will separately determine whether the overcurrent or instantaneous overcurrent protection is activated. For circuits meeting the overcurrent discrimination criteria but not the instantaneous overcurrent protection criteria, the overcurrent protection will be activated; for circuits meeting the instantaneous overcurrent discrimination criteria, the instantaneous overcurrent protection will be activated. For circuits without faults, the measurement will return to normal. This allows multiple primary circuits to simultaneously activate the same protection circuit, saving on redundant protection devices. For protection based on different principles, only the relevant judgment methods need to be modified, without requiring significant modifications to the hardware structure of the starting system.

[0030] 7. The multi-circuit tripping module solution eliminates the need for a separate tripping control circuit per switch. After overcurrent or instantaneous overcurrent protection trips, the tripping signal is directly sent to the overcurrent tripping bus and instantaneous overcurrent tripping bus in the multi-circuit tripping module. These two buses connect to all switches requiring tripping in the entire station (the outgoing circuits connected to the two buses are identical). Theoretically, the tripping signal reaching the tripping bus can trip all switches in the station, but which switches are tripped and which are not depends on the specific operating status of each switch. This significantly reduces wiring and material waste. Furthermore, by activating the tripping circuit in the switch mechanism via a wireless network, remote wireless tripping is achieved, saving a large amount of control cables and fiber optic cables, eliminating the need for dedicated secondary cable trenches, and greatly reducing land waste.

[0031] 8. For all lines requiring reclosing, the trip position signal, after passing through a multi-circuit counter and timer, is connected to the input of the fifth OR gate. This ensures that reclosing can be initiated regardless of how many switches are tripped simultaneously, even if there is a time difference between the tripped switches, and no matter how small that time difference is. This eliminates the need to equip every line with a reclosing device, greatly reducing the waste of reclosing resources and removing the restriction of only one operation within a specified time, significantly expanding the application scope of reclosing. However, removing the limitations on the number of reclosing operations and the time interval does not mean that the original limitations on reclosing were unreasonable; on the contrary, the original limitations were correct. We have simply changed the way these limitations are implemented. Now, while we have removed the limitations on the number of reclosing operations and the time interval, we have placed these limitations within specific circuits, such as... Figure 7 , Figure 21 and Figure 22 As shown. This means that regardless of how the reclosing device operates, the switches in the specific circuit must still adhere to the regulations regarding the number of operations and the time interval between operations. This change is possible because previously, one switch was paired with one reclosing device, so specific regulations for reclosing were required. However, now that we only have one reclosing device for the entire station, the existing regulations for reclosing are no longer suitable, so the relevant regulations have been transformed into requirements for specific circuits.

[0032] 9. The technical solution using this multi-circuit closing module eliminates the existing requirement of configuring one closing control circuit per switch. The reclosing action output of the multi-circuit reclosing module is connected to its reclosing action bus, which contains the control circuits of all switches requiring reclosing. In principle, it is possible to close all switches on the reclosing action bus. However, which switches are closed and which are not depends on the specific operating status of each switch, determined by a second AND gate. This significantly reduces wiring and material waste, further reducing the substation's footprint. Furthermore, by starting the closing circuit in the switch mechanism via a wireless network, a remote wireless closing process is achieved, saving a large amount of control cables and fiber optic cables, eliminating the need for dedicated secondary cable trenches, and greatly reducing land waste. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is the existing input schematic diagram for digital signals;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the electrical system used in the existing technology;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the full-station protection configuration of the prefabricated intelligent substation of this invention;

[0036] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the amplification principle of the current module, voltage module, and non-electrical parameter module in the diagram;

[0037] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the amplification principle of the digital input / output module in the diagram;

[0038] Figure 6 This is an overall connection diagram of the various modules of the prefabricated intelligent substation of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is an overall pin connection diagram of the various modules of the prefabricated intelligent substation of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a connection principle diagram of the multi-loop start-up module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the external pinout of the multi-loop startup module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 10 This is a connection principle diagram of the multi-circuit tripping module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the external pinout of the multi-circuit tripping module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 12 yes Figure 10 An enlarged view of the AND and OR gate connections related to loop 1 in the diagram;

[0045] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the tripping execution circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 14 This is a connection principle diagram of the multi-circuit reclosing module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the external pinout of the multi-circuit reclosing module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 16 yes Figure 14 An enlarged view of the OR gate connections in loop 1;

[0049] Figure 17 This is a connection principle diagram of the multi-circuit closing module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the external pinout of the multi-circuit closing module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 19yes Figure 17 An enlarged view of the AND and OR gate connections related to loop 1 in the diagram;

[0052] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the closing execution circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 21 This is a connection principle diagram of a multi-loop timer / counter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 22 This is a connection schematic diagram of a single timing and counting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the external pinout of a multi-loop timer / counter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 24 This is a typical floor plan of an existing smart substation;

[0057] Figure 25 This is a connection diagram from the existing primary system to the secondary protection device;

[0058] Figure 26 This is a diagram of a substation wireless sensor network (SAS). Detailed Implementation

[0059] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] See Figure 3As shown, the prefabricated intelligent substation of this invention divides all secondary equipment into the following functional modules: current module 1, voltage module 2, non-electrical parameter module 3, switching quantity module 4, multi-circuit start module 5, multi-circuit tripping module 6, multi-circuit reclosing module 7, and multi-circuit closing module 8. Each module is connected to the system bus 10 via a multi-channel analog switch 9. Each module is integrated into multiple circuits. For parts of the secondary system that need to communicate with the primary system, a wide-area wireless network is used. Of course, as is common knowledge to those skilled in the art, wide-area wireless networks take many forms, such as GPRS wireless communication, or CDMA, infrasound communication, neutrino communication, and 5G networks. For example, current module 1 and voltage module 2 need to communicate with the instrument transformers of the primary equipment. Existing technology uses control cables or optical fibers to connect them via wired connections. This invention uses wireless communication modules (GPRS wireless communication modules are used as an example in this text, the same applies below). Wireless communication modules are installed within current module 1 and voltage module 2, and also within the instrument transformers, communicating via a wireless network. Similarly, switch quantity module 4 needs to communicate with the switching mechanism. Existing technology uses wired connections, while this invention also uses wireless connections. Furthermore, the multi-circuit tripping module 6, multi-circuit reclosing module 7, and multi-circuit closing module 8 are connected to the switch tripping and closing mechanism using wired connections, while this invention uses wireless connections. In other words, each part of the secondary equipment in this prefabricated intelligent substation is equipped with a wireless communication module. In order to adapt to various wireless network forms, this invention uses a "multi-network converged" gateway structure. For details, please refer to: Sun Peng, Sun Lijuan, Huang Junjie, et al., "Design of Wireless Sensor Network Gateway with Multi-Network Convergence" [J] Network Security Technology and Application, 2012, (8): 8-10.

[0062] See also Figure 4 , 5 As shown, current module 1, voltage module 2, non-electrical parameter module 3, digital quantity module 4, multi-circuit start module 5, multi-circuit trip module 6, multi-circuit reclosing module 7, and multi-circuit closing module 8 are connected to the computer's system bus 10 via a multi-channel analog switch 9 as peripherals of the computer. Current module 1 and voltage module 2 integrate the current and voltage of the entire station, with a slightly larger reserved number of modules than the total current and voltage required for transmission. Non-electrical parameter module 3 integrates the non-electrical parameters of the entire station, such as temperature, frequency, angle, and gas parameters. Digital quantity module 4 integrates all digital quantities required for transmission in the entire station, with a certain number of spare quantities. Multi-circuit start module 5 has a slightly larger number of current input circuits than the total number of lines in the entire station.

[0063] In the following detailed explanation of the principles, this invention will use the simplest overcurrent protection and instantaneous overcurrent protection of current module 1 as an example. For other protection types based on different principles, such as those of voltage module 2, parameter module 3, and switch quantity module 4, the most basic elements for calculation are current and voltage. The protection type of voltage module 2 is basically the same as that of current module 1. If other types of protection are encountered, the collected current and voltage will be calculated according to the requirements of that protection principle to obtain the result required for that type of protection. For illustrative purposes, this invention will use the simplest current protection as an example.

[0064] This intelligent substation system employs DMA data transfer, with the CPU connected to system bus 10. Upon receiving permission from the CPU, the system, under the direction of the DMA, directly transfers data between memory and peripherals. Each peripheral obtains current values, protection action information, switch opening and closing position information, and other information from system bus 10. In addition to the aforementioned secondary devices, peripherals may include, but are not limited to, the following types: memory, display, printer, serial port, floppy drive, hard disk, wired communication module, and controller.

[0065] See also Figure 6 and Figure 7 The overall working principle of the prefabricated intelligent substation of this invention is as follows:

[0066] After obtaining current from the current module 1 via the multi-channel analog switch 9, the multi-circuit start-up module 5 can perform fault analysis and judgment. If the multi-circuit start-up module 5 determines that a fault exists, it directly sends an overcurrent trip or instantaneous trip signal to the multi-circuit trip module 6. The multi-circuit trip module 6 then determines which circuits are faulty and, based on the protection operation of each line, finally completes the tripping action via a wireless sensor. The protection operation signal and the switch position signal are both sent to the multi-circuit reclosing module 7, which initiates reclosing according to the set start conditions. According to the technical requirements of this invention, the reclosing in this invention has the characteristic of "accepting all faults," that is, no matter how many lines have tripped due to faults, or how short the interval between two faults is, as long as the start conditions are met, the reclosing will start immediately and the output will close. The reclosing output is directly connected to the multi-circuit closing module 8. In the multi-circuit closing module 8, a status check is performed on all circuits before closing. Only switches that have been tripped by protection and are already in the open state, and have been tripped by protection no more than once within the specified time range, can be successfully reclosed. Switches that meet other conditions but have been tripped by protection more than once within the specified time range will not be reclosed.

[0067] The above process describes the entire process of a substation switch from protection activation to tripping, reclosing activation, and finally closing. It is not the complete process of the entire substation. Through the system construction of the prefabricated intelligent substation of this invention, the CPU's operating program, in addition to the above process of switch activation from protection activation to tripping, reclosing activation, and finally closing, also considers more relevant substation operation regulations and standards, as well as artificial intelligence and other related content. Therefore, the automation and intelligence levels of this new type of substation will be more advanced and reliable than all current intelligent substations, and the level of intelligence will be higher. It is not just a collection of CPUs with many simple functions.

[0068] Since the protection principles used in various substations are implemented through software, and the basic structure of the primary and secondary circuits is the same regardless of the type of substation, the only difference lies in the protection principles. However, this invention allows for a consistent basic framework across substations of all voltage levels and with varying protection principles, particularly the secondary circuitry. The difference lies in how the CPU's execution program is configured to suit different scenarios. This lays the technical foundation for the standardization and customization of substations.

[0069] The specific details of each component of this prefabricated intelligent substation are as follows.

[0070] I. Current Module 1; Voltage Module 2; Non-Electrical Parameter Module 3; Digital Input Module 4; Multiplex Analog Switch 9; System Bus 10

[0071] Current module 1 and voltage module 2 are responsible for receiving current and voltage values ​​from the primary system. To accomplish this task, the existing technology connects the primary and secondary equipment via wired connection. This wired connection requires leaving a certain amount of building space for the secondary equipment in the substation, which increases the substation's footprint. Therefore, the present invention adopts a wireless method to transmit the current from the secondary side of the current transformer to the device of the present invention.

[0072] The function of a traditional current transformer is to transform a large current on the primary side into a small current on the secondary side. Under current technology, the secondary side measurement output is directly connected to the current coil of the relevant secondary equipment via a wired connection. However, in this invention, the secondary side measurement output of the current sensor is directly connected to a GPRS module (this invention uses a GPRS network as an example to illustrate the problem, and does not exclude other forms of wide area networks, such as CDMA and 5G networks. This invention adopts a multi-network converged gateway design, which is compatible with other forms of wide area networks). The current is transmitted to the receiving end of this invention through the GPRS network. The SIM card is used to confirm which line and phase of the current is being transmitted. The same GPRS module is also configured at the receiving end. In this way, the current of the primary system can be accurately transmitted to the receiving end. The current to be transmitted is input into the GPRS module, which performs wireless communication. At the receiving end, since the amount of current that needs to be transmitted in the entire substation is large, multiple GPRS modules are integrated together to form current module 1. The received current is drawn from the GPRS module. Since the number of currents that need to be transmitted throughout the station is large, it is impossible for each current to be directly connected to the system bus 10. Therefore, all currents are connected to the multiplexer 9, which in turn connects to the system bus 10.

[0073] Traditional voltage sensors convert a high voltage on the primary side to a low voltage on the secondary side. Existing technology connects the voltage across the secondary resistor Rm of the voltage sensor to the voltage coil of a secondary device via a wired connection. This invention directly connects the voltage across the secondary resistor Rm of the voltage sensor to a GPRS module for wireless communication. The receiving end is handled in the same way as the current receiving end.

[0074] Meanwhile, there are also some non-electrical quantities that need to be transmitted in the substation, such as physical quantities like temperature, pressure, frequency, and gas. Using corresponding sensors (such as temperature sensors, pressure sensors, etc.), the same method is used to form non-electrical parameter module 3, realizing wireless transmission of non-electrical quantities.

[0075] The existing principle of introducing external switching signals into the computer is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the external switching signal, after optocoupler connection, is connected to the computer's input / output interface (i.e., I / O interface) via a wired connection. Figure 1 PA0 in the present invention; Figure 1 PA0 is removed from the optocoupler, and a GPRS module is connected to the output of the optocoupler. At the receiving end, multiple GPRS modules are integrated together to form a switching module 4. The outputs of these GPRS modules are connected to the computer bus 10 via a multiplexer analog switch 9, thus enabling wireless transmission of switching signals.

[0076] Key references Figure 4 and Figure 5 In this embodiment, the current module 1, voltage module 2, non-electrical quantity parameter module 3, and switch quantity module 4 are all equipped with GPRS module MC35i, and several SIM card slots are provided for different circuits. The SIM cards of different circuits in the several SIM card slots are respectively connected to the GPRS module, and the SIM cards of different circuits are respectively connected to the multiplexer 9. Each module has a separate multiplexer 9, or the multiplexer 9 of each module can be combined into one multiplexer 9. The GPRS module and the multiplexer 9 are both connected to the system bus 10.

[0077] The multi-channel analog switch 9 can be a TP0164 multi-channel analog switch, capable of simultaneously accepting 64 signals. The TP0164 is a 64-to-1 multi-channel analog switch chip, allowing selection of one input signal from its 64 input pins as the output. This function can be bidirectional analog output (input) or unidirectional digital output signal. It features low on-resistance, maintaining relative stability across the entire input signal range. The analog switch primarily performs signal switching functions within the signal chain. It uses a MOSFET switching method to turn the signal chain off or on; because its function is similar to a switch, but implemented using the characteristics of analog devices, it is called an analog switch.

[0078] The system bus 10 includes an address bus, a data bus, and a control bus.

[0079] The following explanation uses overcurrent protection and instantaneous overcurrent protection as examples. The principle is similar when it is necessary to judge other signals, such as voltage signals and frequency signals.

[0080] II. Multi-loop start-up module 5

[0081] Please see Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the multi-loop start-up module 5 of this embodiment is connected to the system bus 10 through the multi-channel analog switch 9, and the input of the multi-loop start-up module 5 is provided by the multi-channel analog switch 9 through the system bus 10.

[0082] The multi-loop start-up module 5 includes a multi-loop overcurrent discrimination unit 52, a multi-loop instantaneous trip discrimination unit 53, and several action signal generators, including an instantaneous trip action signal generator 541 and an overcurrent action signal generator 542.

[0083] The input to the multi-loop overcurrent discrimination unit 52 is provided by the multiplex analog switch 9 via the system bus 10. The multi-loop overcurrent discrimination unit 52 integrates several overcurrent discrimination loops. Figure 8The overcurrent discrimination loops in the circuit are, from left to right, the first overcurrent discrimination loop, the second overcurrent discrimination loop, ... the nth overcurrent discrimination loop. The number of overcurrent discrimination loops is consistent with the current loops input from the multiplex analog switch 9.

[0084] The discrimination principle of the overcurrent discrimination circuit is as follows: each overcurrent discrimination circuit has a preset overcurrent setting value suitable for this circuit. All currents entering the overcurrent discrimination circuit are compared with the overcurrent setting value. If the input current is greater than or equal to the overcurrent setting value set for this circuit, it enters the next stage, the multi-circuit instantaneous trip discrimination unit 53, for instantaneous trip action discrimination. If the input current is less than the overcurrent setting value set for this circuit, it indicates that the circuit is normal. In this case, it does not enter the multi-circuit instantaneous trip discrimination unit 53, but returns to the input terminal of the multi-circuit overcurrent discrimination unit 52 for re-measurement.

[0085] The multi-loop instantaneous tripping discrimination unit 53 integrates several instantaneous tripping discrimination loops 531. Figure 8 The several instantaneous trip discrimination circuits 531 in the system are, from left to right, the first instantaneous trip discrimination circuit, the second instantaneous trip discrimination circuit, ... the nth instantaneous trip discrimination circuit. The number of instantaneous trip discrimination circuits 531 is the same as the number of overcurrent discrimination circuits in the multi-loop overcurrent discrimination unit 52. The input terminal of each instantaneous trip discrimination circuit 531 is connected to the output terminal of an overcurrent discrimination circuit. For example, the input terminal of the first instantaneous trip discrimination circuit is connected to the output terminal of the first overcurrent discrimination circuit, the input terminal of the second instantaneous trip discrimination circuit is connected to the output terminal of the second overcurrent discrimination circuit, and the input terminal of the nth instantaneous trip discrimination circuit is connected to the output terminal of the nth overcurrent discrimination circuit.

[0086] The instantaneous trip discrimination circuit 531 operates on the following principle: Each instantaneous trip discrimination circuit 531 has a preset instantaneous trip current setting suitable for this line. All currents entering the instantaneous trip discrimination circuit 531 are compared with the preset instantaneous trip current setting. If the input current is greater than or equal to the preset instantaneous trip current setting for this line, it indicates a fault at the near end of the line, requiring rapid fault clearing. Therefore, the next stage instantaneous trip action signal generator 541 is activated, issuing an instantaneous trip action signal and simultaneously sending an instantaneous trip pulse. If the input current is less than or equal to the preset instantaneous trip current setting for this line, it indicates a fault at the near end of the line, requiring rapid fault clearing. In this case, the instantaneous trip action signal generator 541 is activated, issuing an instantaneous trip action signal and simultaneously sending an instantaneous trip pulse. If the current is less than the instantaneous overcurrent setting of this line, it indicates that there is no fault at the near end of the line, but a fault at the far end, or that there is no fault in the line, but only an increase in current for a certain period of time. Then, the next stage of the overcurrent action signal generator 542 and timing device is entered. If the overcurrent phenomenon disappears within the set time range, no action or tripping will be performed. However, if the overcurrent phenomenon still exists within the set time range, it indicates that there is a fault at the far end of the line, and the fault needs to be cleared. Then, the overcurrent action signal generator 542 is activated to send an overcurrent action signal and an overcurrent tripping pulse.

[0087] The input terminals of each instantaneous trip signal generator 541 are respectively connected to the first output terminal of the corresponding instantaneous trip discrimination circuit 531. The first output terminal of each instantaneous trip signal generator 541 outputs an instantaneous trip signal, and the second output terminals of all instantaneous trip signal generators 541 are simultaneously connected to the input terminal of the first OR gate. The output terminal of the first OR gate outputs an instantaneous trip signal, which is connected to the instantaneous trip bus of the multi-circuit trip module 6.

[0088] Each overcurrent action signal generator 542 has its input terminal connected to the second output terminal of its corresponding instantaneous trip discrimination circuit 531. Each overcurrent action signal generator 542 outputs an overcurrent action signal, and the second output terminals of all overcurrent action signal generators 542 are connected to a timing device 561. The output terminals of all timing devices 561 are simultaneously connected to the input terminal of a second OR gate. The output terminal of the second OR gate outputs an overcurrent trip signal, which is connected to the overcurrent trip bus of the multi-circuit tripping module 6. All timing devices 561 are connected to the corresponding output terminals of the timing and counting module, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 6 and Figure 7 The timing and counting module will be introduced later.

[0089] When the instantaneous trip discrimination circuit 531 performs instantaneous trip discrimination, for any circuit that meets the instantaneous trip discrimination conditions, the instantaneous trip action signal generator 541 of each circuit is activated from the output of the multi-circuit instantaneous trip discrimination unit 53. The instantaneous trip action signal generator 541 sends out instantaneous trip action signals, which are simultaneously sent to the first OR gate. All lines that meet the instantaneous trip conditions are summarized. The output of the first OR gate is connected to the instantaneous trip bus of the multi-circuit trip module 6 to prepare for tripping. The instantaneous trip action signal sent from the first output terminal of the instantaneous trip action signal generator 541 is simultaneously sent to the multi-circuit trip module 6 and the multi-circuit reclosing module 7, and an alarm is issued to the electrical operation personnel. Handle faults promptly; for any circuit that does not meet the instantaneous tripping criteria, the overcurrent action signal generator 542 of its respective circuit is activated. The overcurrent action signal emitted by the first output terminal of the overcurrent action signal generator 542 is used by other circuits, and at the same time, it alarms electrical operators to handle the fault in a timely manner. The overcurrent tripping signal output by the second output terminal of the overcurrent action signal generator 542 is simultaneously entered into the OR gate after passing through the timing device 561. All lines that meet the overcurrent tripping criteria are summarized. The output terminal of the timing device 561 is simultaneously connected to the second OR gate. The output of the second OR gate is connected to the overcurrent tripping bus of the multi-circuit tripping module 6, ready to trip.

[0090] Under normal circumstances, the instantaneous trip current I1 >> the overcurrent current I3. Therefore, meeting the overcurrent action condition does not necessarily meet the instantaneous trip action condition. However, meeting the instantaneous trip action condition always meets the overcurrent action condition. But because the instantaneous trip action time is short and the overcurrent action time is long, the instantaneous trip action will take place first. The function of the timing device 561 is: if the fault is cleared, the overcurrent action will not take place; if the fault is not cleared within the overcurrent time, the overcurrent action will take place.

[0091] The overcurrent action time of the aforementioned timing device 561 is introduced by the OUT2 output of the 8254 chip in the multi-circuit counter and timer 20 (at this time, the three CLK and GATE of the 8254 chip need to be connected together so that OUT2 will have an output). All overcurrent protection outputs pass through the second OR gate to form an overcurrent output connected to the overcurrent trip bus in the multi-circuit trip module 6; all instantaneous overcurrent protection outputs pass through the first OR gate to form an instantaneous overcurrent output connected to the instantaneous overcurrent trip bus in the multi-circuit trip module 6. After the overcurrent protection or instantaneous overcurrent protection of each line is activated, an n-circuit overcurrent protection activation signal or an n-circuit instantaneous overcurrent protection activation signal is issued, which is respectively led to the multi-circuit trip module 6 and the multi-circuit reclosing module 7 as one of the tripping criteria or as one of the reclosing start conditions.

[0092] Using the above technical solution, regardless of which circuit initiates overcurrent or instantaneous trip protection, a corresponding action signal will be issued. No matter how many circuits experience faults simultaneously, the multi-circuit start-up module 5 will be immediately notified. Then, based on the overcurrent and instantaneous trip discrimination criteria, overcurrent and instantaneous trip protection will be determined separately. For circuits that meet the overcurrent discrimination criteria but not the instantaneous trip criteria, overcurrent protection will be activated; for circuits that meet the instantaneous trip discrimination criteria, instantaneous trip protection will be activated. For circuits without any faults, the measurement will return to normal.

[0093] This invention enables multiple primary circuits to simultaneously activate the same protection circuit, thus saving on many redundant protection devices. The protection principle can be calculated based on existing protection principles. For example, for current protection, the current of each circuit is directly introduced and compared. If the comparison result is less than the protection setting, no trip is initiated, and measurement continues. If the current value is greater than the overcurrent protection setting, instantaneous overcurrent protection is used. If the current is less than the instantaneous overcurrent protection setting, the overcurrent protection trips after a set time; if the current is greater than the instantaneous overcurrent protection setting, the instantaneous overcurrent protection trips immediately. For impedance protection, the formula is used... Calculations show that, for power protection, the formula is used... For calculations, if it's a high-frequency protection principle, the frequency signal needs to be introduced into the discrimination process, and the discrimination conditions need to be modified appropriately, etc. Among these, the power factor angle... Frequency f and other parameters are provided by the non-electrical quantity module. In short, for protection based on different principles, only the relevant judgment methods need to be modified, without requiring significant changes to the hardware structure of the startup system. This greatly reduces redundant wiring and consequently reduces the footprint of electrical equipment.

[0094] III. Multi-circuit tripping module 6

[0095] Please see Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 As shown, the multi-circuit tripping module 6 in this embodiment of the invention includes an overcurrent tripping bus 601, an instantaneous tripping bus 602, multiple first AND gates 603, a third OR gate 604, and a tripping GPRS unit 605.

[0096] See also Figure 12 For each circuit, two first AND gates 603 and one third OR gate 604 are set. One of the first AND gates 603 has three inputs and one output: the first input is connected to the overcurrent action signal generator 542 of the multi-circuit start module 5, and the overcurrent action signal issued by the overcurrent action signal generator 542 is input; the second input is connected to the overcurrent trip bus 601; the third input is connected to the corresponding circuit output of the multi-channel analog switch 9; and the output is connected to one input of the third OR gate 604. The other first AND gate 603 has three inputs and one output: the first input is connected to the instantaneous trip action signal generator 541 of the multi-circuit start module 5; the second input is connected to the instantaneous trip bus 602; the third input is connected to the corresponding circuit output of the multi-channel analog switch 9; and the output is connected to the other input of the third OR gate. The output of the third OR gate 604 is connected to the GPRS module of the corresponding channel switch of the trip GPRS unit 605. The overcurrent trip and instantaneous trip signals of the overcurrent trip bus 601 and the instantaneous trip bus 602 come from the multi-loop start module 5.

[0097] When the overcurrent action signal generator 542 of a certain circuit of the multi-circuit start module 5 issues an overcurrent action signal, it is sent to the first input terminal of the first AND gate 603 of the corresponding circuit of the multi-circuit trip module 6. When the overcurrent protection output of the multi-circuit start module 5 is completed, the overcurrent trip command is sent to the overcurrent trip bus 601 and then to the second input terminal of the first AND gate 603. In principle, all switches can be tripped at this time. However, which switches are tripped depends on whether each line meets the tripping conditions. That is, the third input terminal of the first AND gate 603 obtains the position signal of the switch that needs to be closed from the multi-channel analog switch 9.

[0098] When the instantaneous trip signal generator 541 of a certain circuit of the multi-circuit start module 5 issues an instantaneous trip signal, it is sent to the first input terminal of another first AND gate 603 of the corresponding circuit. When the instantaneous trip protection output of the multi-circuit start module 5 is completed, the instantaneous trip command is sent to the instantaneous trip bus 602, and then sent to the second input terminal of the first AND gate 603. In principle, all switches can be tripped at this time. However, which switches are tripped depends on whether each line has the tripping conditions. That is, the third input terminal of the first AND gate 603 obtains the position signal of the switch that needs to be closed from the multi-channel analog switch 9.

[0099] The tripping GPRS unit 605 integrates a GPRS module corresponding to each switch, and the output of the third OR gate 604 of each circuit is connected to the GPRS module of the corresponding switch circuit. The tripping GPRS unit 605 communicates with... Figure 13 The GPRS module inside the tripping execution circuit is wirelessly connected to control the tripping of the switch. Figure 13 This invention utilizes a switch-opening mechanism with wireless communication capabilities. Unlike existing switch-opening mechanisms, it incorporates a GPRS module, eliminating the need for wired connections and saving significant amounts of cabling and cabling space. This switch-opening mechanism is integrated with the switch body, and in this invention, it is housed within a GIS sealed container. The connection between the opening mechanism and the secondary system differs from existing technologies, which use wired connections, and from this invention, a wireless connection.

[0100] Taking loop 1 as an example, that is Figure 10The leftmost loop has one first AND gate 603 with three inputs and one output: the first input is connected to the overcurrent action signal generator 542 of the multi-loop start-up module 5, the second input is connected to the overcurrent trip bus 601, and the third input is connected to the output of loop 1 of the multi-channel analog switch 9. The other first AND gate 603 also has three inputs and one output: the first input is connected to the instantaneous trip action signal generator 541 of the multi-loop start-up module 5, the second input is connected to the instantaneous trip bus 602, and the third input is connected to the output of loop 1 of the multi-channel analog switch 9. When the overcurrent action signal generator 542 of the loop 1 of the multi-loop start-up module 5 issues an overcurrent action signal, it is sent to the first input terminal of one of the first AND gates 603. When the overcurrent protection output of the loop 1 of the multi-loop start-up module 5 is completed, the overcurrent trip command is sent to the overcurrent trip bus 601 and then to the second input terminal of the first AND gate 603. When the instantaneous trip action signal generator of the loop 1 of the start-up device issues an instantaneous trip action signal, it is sent to the first input terminal of the other first AND gate 603. When the instantaneous trip protection output of the loop 1 of the start-up device is completed, the instantaneous trip command is sent to the instantaneous trip bus 602 and then to the second input terminal of the first AND gate 603. The third input terminals of both first AND gates 603 obtain the closing position signal of the first loop switch from the multi-channel analog switch 9. The output terminals of both first AND gates 603 are connected to the input terminal of the third OR gate 604, and the output terminal of the third OR gate 604 is connected to the GPRS module of the first switch of the trip GPRS unit 605.

[0101] Each line is equipped with an overcurrent protection action, a switch closing position signal, and an overcurrent (or instantaneous trip) action signal forming a logic AND gate; the instantaneous trip protection action, a switch closing position signal, and an instantaneous trip action signal form another logic AND gate. The outputs of these two AND gates, together with the manual trip output, form a logic OR gate. The output of the OR gate connects to the GPRS module of the corresponding switch, communicating with the GPRS module within the switch mechanism via a wireless network to complete the tripping process. The transmission and reception of overcurrent and instantaneous trip protection action signals, as well as the transmission and reception of switch position signals, are all connected through the device's internal bus.

[0102] To prevent accidental tripping—that is, preventing the re-tripping of already tripped switches and the accidental tripping of normally operating switches—the operating status of all switches connected to the instantaneous trip bus 602 and the overcurrent trip bus 601 must be checked and determined before tripping. This ensures that only switches that have issued protection action signals and are still in operation (i.e., the switch is in the closed state) are disconnected, without tripping other switches. Therefore, each switch is equipped with two AND gates, connected to the instantaneous trip bus 602 and the overcurrent trip bus 601 respectively, depending on the type of tripping protection (overcurrent protection and instantaneous protection). The first AND gate 603 connected to the instantaneous trip bus 602 ANDs the instantaneous trip with each switch's own instantaneous action signal and its closing position signal; the first AND gate 603 connected to the overcurrent trip bus 601 ANDs the overcurrent trip with each switch's own overcurrent action signal and its closing position signal. Because the AND gate operates under the condition that all conditions for its operation must be met before it can conduct, the AND gate constituting the tripping condition must satisfy all three conditions of any one of its components to be eligible for tripping. Otherwise, if any one condition is missing, the tripping condition will not be met. Only switches that simultaneously send a protection action signal and are in the closed position can be tripped. Other switches either lack protection action information or are already in the open position and therefore do not meet the AND gate conduction conditions, and thus will not be tripped.

[0103] As an optimized solution, the third OR gate 604 is also connected to a manual tripping mechanism. When the first AND gate 603 is turned on under the condition, the output of the first AND gate 603 is connected to the third OR gate 604. The other input condition of the third OR gate is manual tripping. According to the characteristics of the OR gate, there are two conditions: protection tripping and manual tripping. As long as either condition is met, the OR gate can be turned on.

[0104] This multi-circuit tripping module eliminates the need for a separate tripping control circuit per switch. After overcurrent or instantaneous overcurrent protection trips, the tripping signal is directly sent to the overcurrent tripping bus and instantaneous overcurrent tripping bus within the multi-circuit tripping module. These two buses connect to all switches requiring tripping in the entire substation (the outgoing circuits connected to both buses are identical). Theoretically, the tripping signal reaching the tripping bus can trip all switches in the substation; however, the specific switches that trip and those that don't depend on the individual operating status of each switch. This significantly reduces wiring and material waste, further minimizing the substation's footprint. Furthermore, by using a wireless network to activate the tripping circuits in the switch mechanism, remote wireless tripping is achieved, saving substantial amounts of control cables and fiber optic cables, eliminating the need for dedicated secondary cable trenches, and greatly reducing land waste.

[0105] IV. Multi-circuit reclosing module 7

[0106] In existing technology, to improve power supply reliability, reclosing devices are installed on all line switches supplying power to users. The principle of installation is that reclosing devices are not configured for main transformer switches, capacitor switches, etc., because according to power grid operation experience, once these devices fail, the failure is always permanent. If reclosing is used, it will only expand the scope of the failure and will not help to clear the failure in a timely and accurate manner, but will only cause harm.

[0107] The existing reclosing system utilizes the charging and discharging principle of capacitor C. During normal operation, capacitor C in the reclosing circuit is fully charged. When a fault occurs, the protection system trips the switch, initiating the reclosing process. The reclosing system uses the charge in capacitor C to generate a closing pulse, achieving the closing operation. When the switch trips again, because capacitor C is not fully charged within the specified time range, it does not meet the conditions for reclosing. Therefore, the existing reclosing system can only operate once within the specified time range.

[0108] The existing reclosing initiation methods are: (a) non-corresponding initiation and (b) protection initiation. Non-corresponding initiation means that after the switch is tripped by protection, the switch is in the tripped position, while the operating handle is in the closed position. This discrepancy between the actual switch position and the operating handle position indicates that the switch was tripped by protection, not manually, and is a fault trip. Reclosing should operate once. If the switch trips again due to protection, the line fault still exists, and reclosing should not operate again. If the switch does not trip again after reclosing, the fault has disappeared, and reclosing is successful. Protection initiation refers to the switch being tripped by protection, and this is one of the technical conditions for reclosing initiation. This invention adopts the protection initiation method.

[0109] The existing conditions for reclosing are: (I) protection operation and (II) the switch is in the open position. Other constraints are: within a specified time range, reclosing can only operate once. This is because during the switch opening process, the extinguishing of the arc takes a certain amount of time, and the recovery of the arc-extinguishing medium also takes time. Therefore, the reclosing time must avoid the time required for arc extinguishing and medium recovery. Reclosing is only performed once because if the switch trips again after reclosing, it indicates that the fault still exists, and multiple reclosing attempts are unnecessary. Reclosing can only be performed on switches that are already in the open position; it cannot be performed on switches that are in the closed position.

[0110] Key points related to reclosing in this invention: 1. Multi-circuit reclosing start-up circuit; 2. New reclosing not limited by time interval and number of operations.

[0111] See also Figure 14 , Figure 15 , Figure 16 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 In this embodiment, each circuit of the multi-circuit reclosing module 7 includes a fourth OR gate 72, a branch section 74, a protection action bus 76 connecting the fourth OR gates 72 of all circuits, a reclosing gate 78 connected to the protection action bus 76, and a fifth OR gate 79 connected to one input terminal of the reclosing gate 78. The fifth OR gate 79 is connected to the start / block reclosing output port of each circuit of the multi-circuit counter and timer 20.

[0112] The "instantaneous trip" and "overcurrent trip" signals from each circuit of the multi-circuit start-up module 5 are connected to the fourth OR gate 72 of their respective circuits in the multi-circuit reclosing module 7. Due to the characteristics of the OR gate, it will output regardless of whether there is an overcurrent or instantaneous trip action signal input, thus merging the "instantaneous trip protection" and "overcurrent protection" action signals into a single "protection action." The output of the fourth OR gate 72 is divided into two branches via a branch section 74. One branch connects to the protection action bus 76 as one of the start conditions for reclosing 78, while the other branch connects to the multi-circuit closing module 8 and the multi-circuit timer and counter 20 used to count and control the number of trips of the circuit breaker. The "instantaneous overcurrent protection" and "overcurrent protection" signals for each circuit are provided by the multi-circuit start module 5, while the opening position information of each circuit switch is provided by the multi-circuit opening module 6 through each circuit of the multi-circuit counter and timer 20. The start / lock reclosing output ports of each circuit of the multi-circuit counter and timer 20 are all connected to the reclosing 78 through the fifth OR gate 79. The reclosing 78 has a reclosing action output, which is connected to the multi-circuit closing module 8.

[0113] The input terminal of the reclosing 78 of the present invention is from two signals: the protection action signal of the protection action bus 76 and the start / lock reclosing output port of each circuit of the multi-circuit counter and timer 20. The protection action signal has been described above, and the situation of the start / lock reclosing signal will be described in detail when the multi-circuit counter and timer 20 are described below.

[0114] It should be noted that existing reclosing technologies rely on the charging and discharging of capacitor C to generate the closing pulse, thus addressing the technical requirement that reclosing can only operate once within a specified time frame. However, this invention differs fundamentally from existing reclosing technologies in its principle. The multi-circuit reclosing module 7 of this invention does not require capacitor C. The multi-circuit reclosing module 7 utilizes the existing reclosing startup logic to perform a series of logical judgments, ultimately activating the closing mechanism in the switching mechanism to perform the closing action. Therefore, both in principle and structure, the multi-circuit reclosing module 7 of this invention differs significantly from existing reclosing technologies; they are essentially not the same thing, although their function is the same.

[0115] All lines that need to be reclosed have their trip position signals connected to the input of the fifth OR gate 79 after passing through the multi-circuit counter and timer 20. In this way, the reclosing gate 78 can be started no matter how many switches are tripped at the same time, even if there is a time difference between these tripped switches, no matter how small the time difference is.

[0116] V. Multi-circuit closing module 8

[0117] See also Figure 17 , 18 As shown in Figure 19, the multi-circuit closing module 8 of the present invention includes a closing action bus 82, a second AND gate 84, a sixth OR gate 86, and a closing GPRS module 88.

[0118] The reclosing action output of the multi-circuit reclosing module 7 is connected to the reclosing action bus 82 of the multi-circuit closing module 8. The reclosing action bus 82 is connected to all the switch control circuits that need to be reclosed. In principle, it is possible to close all switches on the reclosing action bus 82. The switch control circuits include the aforementioned second AND gate 84, sixth OR gate 86, and closing GPRS module 88.

[0119] According to the technical requirements, relevant regulations, and operational experience of the power industry, all switches requiring reclosing must have been tripped by the protection device, and the switch must already be in the open position. Furthermore, the number of protection trips for this switch within a specified time range cannot exceed one. Therefore, we combine the protection action signal, the switch's open position, the lockout switch closing signal, and the reclosing output into the input conditions of the second AND gate 84 for switch closing. The lockout switch closing signal comes from the multi-loop counter and timer 20, which will be explained in detail later. If any of the above four conditions are missing, the switch will not close. The protection action signal and reclosing output come from the multi-loop reclosing module 7, the switch's open position comes from the multi-channel analog switch 9, and the lockout switch closing signal comes from the multi-loop counter and timer 20. Therefore, the four input terminals of the second AND gate 84 are respectively connected to the output terminal of the fourth OR gate 72 of the multi-loop reclosing module, the output terminal of the multi-channel analog switch 9, the output terminal of the multi-loop counter and timer 20, and the reclosing action bus 82.

[0120] The output of the second AND gate 84 is connected to the sixth OR gate 86, and the other input of the sixth OR gate 86 is connected to the manual closing gate. This part will not be discussed in this article, but an interface is reserved.

[0121] The sixth gate 86 connects to the GPRS module 88 at the outlet. The GPRS module 88 and the switch closing mechanism communicate wirelessly through the GPRS network to complete the closing operation. Figure 20 This invention utilizes a switch closing mechanism with wireless communication capabilities. Unlike existing switch closing mechanisms, it incorporates a GPRS module, eliminating the need for wired connections and saving significant amounts of cabling and cabling space. The switch closing mechanism is integrated with the switch body, and in this invention, it is housed within a GIS sealed container.

[0122] Taking loop 1 as an example, that is Figure 17 The leftmost loop, while referring to Figure 19 ,yes Figure 17 The enlarged schematic diagram at point A shows that the second AND gate 84 has four inputs and one output: the first input is connected to the output of the fourth OR gate in loop 1 of the multi-loop reclosing module 7, inputting the protection action signal of loop 1; the second input is connected to the 1# switch open position output of the multi-channel analog switch 9, inputting the 1# switch open position signal; the third input is connected to the 1# switch closing output of the multi-loop counter and timer 20, inputting the 1# switch closing signal; and the fourth input is connected to the reclosing action bus 82, inputting the reclosing output signal. The output of the second AND gate 84 is connected to the sixth OR gate 86 of loop 1. The other input of the sixth OR gate 86 is connected to the manual closing of loop 1, and the output of the sixth OR gate 86 is connected to the 1# switch GPRS module of the closing GPRS module 88.

[0123] The technical solution of the multi-circuit closing module 8 eliminates the need for a separate closing control circuit for each closing switch. The reclosing action output of the multi-circuit reclosing module 7 is connected to the reclosing action bus 82 of the multi-circuit closing module 8. The reclosing action bus 82 contains control circuits for all switches that need to be reclosed. In principle, it is possible to close all switches on the reclosing action bus 82. However, which switches are tripped and which are not tripped depends on the specific operating status of each switch, which is determined by the second AND gate 84. This greatly reduces wiring and material waste, further reducing the substation's footprint. In addition, by starting the closing circuit in the switch mechanism via a wireless network, a remote wireless closing process is achieved, saving a significant amount of control cables and optical fibers, eliminating the need for dedicated secondary cable trenches, and greatly reducing land waste.

[0124] VI. Multi-loop counters and timers 20

[0125] See also Figure 21In this invention, the multi-loop counter and timer 20 are provided with a timing and counting device for each loop. Each timing and counting device includes a third AND gate 201, a timing and counting unit 202, a NAND gate 203, a seventh OR gate 204, and a clock chip 8284A. The first input terminal of the third AND gate 201 is connected to the output terminal of the fourth OR gate 72 of the multi-circuit reclosing module 7 to input the circuit protection signal. The second input terminal is connected to the multi-channel analog switch 9 to input the switch opening position signal. The output terminal of the third AND gate 201 is connected to the timing and counting unit 202, which has four output terminals: the first and second output terminals are connected to the two input terminals of the NAND gate 203; the third output terminal is connected to the first input terminal of the seventh OR gate 204; the output terminal of the NAND gate 203 is simultaneously connected to the second input terminal of the seventh OR gate 204 and one of the input terminals of the second AND gate 84 of the multi-circuit closing module 8 to provide a lockout switch closing signal; the output terminal of the seventh OR gate 204 is connected to the input terminal of the fifth OR gate 79 of the multi-circuit reclosing module 7 to provide a start / lockout reclosing signal; and the fourth output terminal is connected to the timing device 561 of the multi-circuit start module 5 to provide the overcurrent action time signal of the timing device 561.

[0126] Figure 22 An enlarged view of the timing and counting unit 202 is shown. The timing and counting unit 202 includes a timing and counting chip 8254, a logic judgment chip, and a clock chip 8284A for the multi-loop counter and timer 20. The PCLK pin of the clock chip 8284A is connected to the peripheral clock interface, and the CLK pin is connected to the CPU. In this invention, the PCLK pin of the clock chip 8284A is led out to form a peripheral clock bus, which is connected to CLK0 and CLK1 of the timing and counting chip 8254 of each timing and counting device. CLK0 is used for counting, and CLK1 is used for timing. The counting start time is controlled by GATE0 of the timing and counting chip 8254, and the timing start time is controlled by GATE1 of the timing and counting chip 8254. In this invention, GATE0 and GATE1 of the timing and counting chip 8254 are combined and connected to the output of the third AND gate 201, so that the timing and counting start times are determined by the fault opening and closing status of the switch. According to the format of the control register of the 8254 timing and counting chip, its D7 and D6 bits are the counter selection bits, where 00 is counter 0 and 01 is counter 1, which can be implemented by software programming.

[0127] The output OUT0 of counter 0 is connected to a logic judgment chip to determine whether it is greater than 1. If the conclusion is no, it is used as the switch position signal to start reclosing and connected to the first input port of the seventh OR gate 204. If the judgment result is yes, it is used as the switch position signal to lock reclosing and connected to the first input port of NAND gate 203. The output terminal OUT1 of the timer CLK1 of the timing and counting chip 8254 is connected to the second input port of NAND gate 203. The output terminal of NAND gate 203 is connected to the second input terminal of the seventh OR gate 204 and one of the input terminals of the second AND gate 84 of the multi-loop closing module 8.

[0128] Since the same switch cannot simultaneously produce both yes and no results when determining whether the number of trips due to a fault is greater than 1, for the seventh OR gate 204, only one of the yes or no results can pass through the OR gate at any given time, thus avoiding logical confusion. The other branch of the yes result, together with the output terminal OUT1 of timer CLK1, forms the input terminal of NAND gate 203. The output terminal of NAND gate 203 is divided into two branches: one branch, together with the no output terminal of timer 0, forms the two inputs of the seventh OR gate 204, and the other branch is used to lock out this switch. Within the specified time range, the output terminal OUT1 of timer CLK1 outputs a high level. Since the output of the circuit breaker is also high, after passing through NAND gate 203, it becomes low. This NAND gate 203 output is then introduced into the closing circuit of this switch, effectively blocking the closing action. That is, if the protection trips more than once within the specified time, reclosing 78 will not successfully close the switch. However, after the specified time has elapsed, the output terminal OUT1 of timer CLK1 becomes low, and after passing through NAND gate 203, it becomes high, releasing the closing blockade of this switch. Reclosing 78 can then reclose this switch.

[0129] The reclosing circuit 78 is used to close the switch, so it must be ensured that the standby switch is indeed in the open position before closing. Closing a switch that is in the closed position is absolutely prohibited. Therefore, when one input of the reclosing circuit 78 has a protection action signal input, a switch quantity reflecting the open position of the switch must be introduced from the switch quantity module 4. The open position information and protection action information of the same switch together form an input of the third AND gate 201. When the input of the third AND gate 201 simultaneously meets the input conditions, it indicates that the open state of the switch is due to a protection trip, not manual opening, and reclosing should be initiated. If it is a manual trip, since there is no protection action signal, the third AND gate 201 will not conduct, and reclosing will not be initiated. After the third AND gate 201 is turned on, its output is connected to a timing counter unit 202, which determines whether the number of times the switch has tripped is greater than or equal to 1. (Since both the timing counter chip 8254 and the logic judgment chip are after the third AND gate 201, the counter number in the timing counter chip 8254 represents the number of times the protection trips, and cannot include the number of times the switch was manually tripped.) When the counter number in the timing counter chip 8254 is less than 1, it means that the switch has not been tripped by the protection within the specified time range, and it can pass. The output of the logic judgment chip is connected to the seventh OR gate 204, and the output of the seventh OR gate 204 is connected to the other input terminal of the reclosing gate 78 through the fifth OR gate 79. In this way, the other condition for starting the reclosing gate 78—the open position signal of the switch—is input into the reclosing gate 78. At this point, both conditions required to start the reclosing gate 78 are met.

[0130] Further explanation in general:

[0131] The current and voltage in the current module (1) and voltage module (2), as well as various non-electrical parameters in the non-electrical parameter module (3) and various switching quantities in the switching quantity module (4), are all received via a wide area wireless network from [unclear - likely a network name]. Figure 26 The signal.

[0132] The tripping signal sent by the multi-circuit tripping module (6) and the closing signal sent by the multi-circuit reclosing module (7) are sent to... Figure 26 The corresponding switching unit in the middle, through Figure 13 and Figure 20 The circuit eventually completes the switch opening and closing operations. Figure 13 and Figure 20 The circuit shown is in Figure 26 In the middle, and Figure 13 and Figure 20 and Figure 26 All the primary equipment and other components are encapsulated inside a sealed GIS container. Figure 26 It is the initial sender of all module information in the "three-bus" structure of this invention, and also the final executor of the calculation results of each module in the "three-bus" structure, such as the opening and closing operation.

[0133] Further explanation: Figure 26 yes Figure 24 A diagram of a wireless sensor network (SAS). Figure 24 The substation houses all the primary electrical equipment. To measure, control, and protect this equipment, we need to convert the high voltage and high current of the primary system into low voltage and low current for input to the corresponding secondary equipment. Current technology uses wired connections to input the converted low voltage and low current to the secondary equipment. Figure 26 A data transmission network based on the SAS system is presented, which transmits relevant information such as current, voltage, switching quantities and non-electrical quantities within the substation. It is a wireless network.

[0134] exist Figure 26 In this context, ECT and EVT are digital current transformers and digital voltage transformers, respectively. They are responsible for converting the high current and high voltage of the primary system in a substation into lower current and lower voltage acceptable to the secondary system, and outputting the results in digital form. ECT and EVT are... Figure 24 middle. Figure 26 The digital input / output unit and Figure 26 The non-electrical quantities not marked are all Figure 24 middle. Figure 26 Components such as merging units are also included. Figure 24 middle. Figure 24 yes Figure 26 The foundation, Figure 26 Is Figure 24 A wireless sensor network (SAS) built upon this foundation, used for wireless transmission. Figure 24 The various electrical and non-electrical quantities in it. Figure 24 Primary equipment includes various switching devices, and the opening and closing operations of these switching devices utilize... Figure 13 and Figure 20 It was carried out. Figure 13 and Figure 20 It is closely linked to the primary switchgear itself. Therefore Figure 26 The SAS network shown naturally includes Figure 13 and Figure 20 The relevant information must be provided; otherwise, the opening and closing operations cannot be performed. Figure 26 The SAS system shown is a form of secondary system, implemented via wireless communication. This invention removes the secondary system from the substation and does not include... Figure 13 and Figure 20 The opening and closing mechanism shown is Figure 13 and Figure 20 Still in Figure 24The substation shown is sealed inside a GIS tank. Figure 26 The SAS network shown includes Figure 13 and Figure 20 Related content.

[0135] Example 2

[0136] This embodiment provides an integrated method for using the prefabricated intelligent substation described in Embodiment 1 above. The entire substation (including the transformer) is placed inside an SF6 gas tank, eliminating the secondary equipment room, safety tool room, and other building spaces that are not directly related to power transmission and transformation in the original substation. This minimizes the floor space occupied by switch cabinets in the switch room and the area of ​​other passageways in the substation (no human activity space or distance between electrical equipment is considered inside the SF6 gas tank, which is further compressed by SF6 gas).

[0137] The transformer cooler is separated from the transformer body, and the transformer body, along with other electrical equipment in the substation, is placed in a sealed tank filled with SF6 gas. The transformer cooler consists of two parts: an inner cooler inside the SF6 gas tank and an outer cooler outside. Both the inner and outer coolers are connected to the transformer body, and there are also connections between the inner and outer coolers themselves. An automatically controlled valve is installed on the pipes connecting the inner and outer coolers to allow for switching between them. The outer cooler, located outside the SF6 gas tank, is exposed to the atmosphere, while the inner cooler, located inside the tank, is not exposed to the atmosphere. When the outside temperature is low and heat dissipation is convenient, the outer radiator is used; when the outside temperature is high, the inner radiator is used. An air conditioner is installed inside the tank, automatically adjusting the indoor temperature to utilize the transformer for heat dissipation. Temperature regulation and switching between the inner and outer coolers are both automated.

[0138] By using SF6 technology to compress and combine the electrical components of the substation and the transformer body as much as possible, the substation's footprint is reduced, resulting in a new, smaller substation. The substation's appearance resembles a modern transformer. Using GIS technology will further significantly reduce the substation's footprint.

[0139] The entire substation is constructed according to prefabricated requirements, considering only primary equipment installation and minimizing space, with no consideration for personnel access. Substation maintenance is carried out using a whole-station maintenance approach. That is, to maintain a substation, only a new substation of the same size needs to be found to replace the original one, resulting in very short power outages. The replaced substation is then brought back to the workshop for maintenance. This also avoids various accidents caused by violations in existing technologies. For some large substations, even with full enclosure, the volume is still too large. It can be considered to divide a large substation into several smaller compartments and then assemble them. During maintenance, the smaller compartments requiring maintenance can be replaced instead of requiring a complete station replacement. Furthermore, SF6 gas is filled between all live parts of the electrical equipment to further compress the safety distance between live parts, minimizing the distance between all live equipment. Finally, the entire substation is encapsulated with GIS (Gas Insulated Switchgear). Thus, a typical small to medium-sized substation, after overall encapsulation, becomes a complete substation with a rigid GIS enclosure, somewhat resembling a transformer in appearance. For large and above substations, the entire station can be divided into several parts, each encapsulated in GIS, and then assembled separately.

[0140] This invention utilizes its unique "one-to-many" integrated control technology to achieve large-scale, high-level integration of all secondary systems in the entire substation. This significantly reduces the number of various secondary devices in the original substation and removes them from the existing substation, further reducing the substation's footprint. Because a certain amount of building space within the existing substation is eliminated and personnel movement within the substation is restricted, the power systems required in the original substation are no longer needed in this invention. However, essential power is still required, but the power capacity is greatly reduced. Traditional power systems with batteries and AC / DC systems are no longer necessary. Only the switching mechanisms, transformer cooling systems, and related transmitters in the new substation require power, so only one power line with sufficient capacity is needed, with a maximum of two power lines considered as backups.

[0141] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated intelligent substation, characterized in that: The system includes substations equipped with primary equipment and integrated secondary equipment for removing substations. The primary equipment is encapsulated using GIS gas. All secondary equipment is divided into the following functional categories: current module (1), voltage module (2), non-electrical parameter module (3), switch quantity module (4), multi-circuit start module (5), multi-circuit trip module (6), multi-circuit reclosing module (7), and multi-circuit closing module (8). Each module is connected to the system bus (10) via a multi-channel analog switch (9). Each module is multi-circuit integrated. For the parts of the secondary equipment that need to communicate with the primary equipment, all communication is wireless. Among them, the current module (1) and voltage module (2) integrate the current and voltage of the entire station, the non-electrical quantity parameter module (3) integrates the non-electrical quantity parameters of the entire station, and the switch quantity module (4) integrates all the switch quantities that need to be transmitted in the entire station. After the multi-circuit start module (5) obtains current from the current module (1) through the multi-channel analog switch (9), it performs fault analysis and judgment. If the multi-circuit start module (5) determines that there is a fault, it directly sends an overcurrent trip or instantaneous trip signal to the multi-circuit trip module (6). The multi-circuit trip module (6) determines which circuits have faults. Then, based on the protection action of each line, it completes the tripping action through a wireless sensor. The protection action signal and the switch position signal will be sent to the multi-circuit reclosing module (7). The multi-circuit reclosing module (7) starts reclosing according to the set start conditions. The reclosing output is directly connected to the multi-circuit closing module (8). In the multi-circuit closing module (8), the status of all circuits is checked before closing. Only switches that have been tripped by protection and are in the tripping state and have been tripped no more than once within the specified time range can be successfully reclosed. For switches that meet other conditions but have been tripped more than once within the specified time range, they will not be reclosed.

2. The prefabricated intelligent substation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-loop start-up module (5) includes a multi-loop overcurrent discrimination unit (52), a multi-loop instantaneous trip discrimination unit (53), and several action signal generators. The several action signal generators include an instantaneous trip action signal generator (541) and an overcurrent action signal generator (542). The multi-loop overcurrent discrimination unit (52) integrates several overcurrent discrimination loops. The number of overcurrent discrimination loops is consistent with the current loops input from the multi-channel analog switch (9). The multi-loop instantaneous trip discrimination unit (53) integrates several instantaneous trip discrimination loops (531). The number of instantaneous trip discrimination loops (531) is consistent with the number of overcurrent discrimination loops in the multi-loop overcurrent discrimination unit (52). The input terminal of each instantaneous trip discrimination loop (531) is connected to the output terminal of an overcurrent discrimination loop. Each instantaneous trip action signal generator (541) is connected to the output terminal of an overcurrent discrimination loop. The input terminals of 41) are respectively connected to the first output terminal of the corresponding instantaneous trip discrimination circuit (531). The first output terminal of each instantaneous trip action signal generator (541) outputs an instantaneous trip action signal. The second output terminals of all instantaneous trip action signal generators (541) are simultaneously connected to the input terminal of the first OR gate. The output terminal of the first OR gate outputs an instantaneous trip signal. The input terminals of each overcurrent action signal generator (542) are connected to the second output terminal of the corresponding instantaneous trip discrimination circuit (531). The first output terminal of each overcurrent action signal generator (542) outputs an overcurrent action signal. The second output terminals of all overcurrent action signal generators (542) are respectively connected to a timing device (561). The output terminals of all timing devices (561) are simultaneously connected to the input terminal of the second OR gate. The output terminal of the second OR gate outputs an overcurrent trip signal.

3. A prefabricated intelligent substation as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The discrimination principle of the overcurrent discrimination circuit is as follows: each overcurrent discrimination circuit has a preset overcurrent setting value suitable for this circuit. All currents entering the overcurrent discrimination circuit are compared with the overcurrent setting value. If the input current is greater than or equal to the overcurrent setting value set for this circuit, it enters the next stage multi-circuit instantaneous trip discrimination unit (53) to perform instantaneous trip action discrimination. If the input current is less than the overcurrent setting value set for this circuit, it indicates that the circuit is normal. It does not enter the multi-circuit instantaneous trip discrimination unit (53) but returns to the input terminal of the multi-circuit overcurrent discrimination unit (52) for re-measurement. The instantaneous trip discrimination circuit (531) has the following discrimination principle: each instantaneous trip discrimination circuit (531) has a preset instantaneous trip current setting value suitable for this line. All currents entering the instantaneous trip discrimination circuit (531) are compared with the instantaneous trip current setting value. If the input current is greater than or equal to the instantaneous trip current setting value set for this line, the instantaneous trip action signal generator (541) of the next stage is started. The instantaneous trip action signal generator (541) sends out an instantaneous trip action signal and sends out an instantaneous trip pulse at the same time. If the input current is less than the instantaneous trip current setting value set for this line, the overcurrent action signal generator (542) and timing device of the next stage are entered. If the overcurrent phenomenon disappears within the set time range, no action or trip is performed. If the overcurrent phenomenon still exists within the set time range, the overcurrent action signal generator (542) is started, and an overcurrent action signal is sent out and an overcurrent trip pulse is sent out at the same time.

4. A prefabricated intelligent substation as described in claim 3, characterized in that: When the instantaneous trip discrimination circuit (531) performs instantaneous trip discrimination, if the instantaneous trip discrimination conditions are met, the instantaneous trip action signal generator (541) of each circuit is activated from the output of the multi-circuit instantaneous trip discrimination unit (53). The instantaneous trip action signal generator (541) sends out instantaneous trip action signals and all of them enter the first OR gate to summarize all lines that meet the instantaneous trip conditions. The output of the first OR gate is connected to the instantaneous trip bus of the multi-circuit trip module (6) to prepare for tripping. The instantaneous trip action signal sent from the first output terminal of the instantaneous trip action signal generator (541) is sent to the multi-circuit trip module (6) and the multi-circuit reclosing module (7) at the same time, and an alarm is triggered for electrical operation. Personnel promptly handle the fault; for any circuit that does not meet the instantaneous tripping condition, the overcurrent action signal generator (542) of its respective circuit is activated. The overcurrent action signal issued by the first output terminal of the overcurrent action signal generator (542) is used by other circuits. At the same time, it alarms electrical operating personnel to handle the fault promptly. The overcurrent tripping signal output by the second output terminal of the overcurrent action signal generator (542) is simultaneously entered into the OR gate after passing through the timing device (561). All lines that meet the overcurrent tripping condition are summarized. The output terminal of the timing device (561) is simultaneously connected to the second OR gate. The output of the second OR gate is connected to the overcurrent tripping bus of the multi-circuit tripping module (6) to prepare for tripping.

5. A prefabricated intelligent substation as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The multi-circuit tripping module (6) includes an overcurrent tripping bus (601), an instantaneous tripping bus (602), multiple first AND gates (603), third OR gates (604), and a tripping GPRS unit (605). Two first AND gates (603) and one third OR gate (604) are set for each circuit. One of the first AND gates (603) has three input terminals and one output terminal: the first input terminal is connected to the overcurrent action signal generator (542) of the multi-circuit start-up module (5), the second input terminal is connected to the overcurrent tripping bus (601), the third input terminal is connected to the corresponding circuit output terminal of the multi-channel analog switch (9), and the output terminal is connected to the third OR gate. (604) has one input terminal, and another first AND gate (603) has three input terminals and one output terminal: the first input terminal is connected to the instantaneous trip signal generator (541) of the multi-loop start module (5), the second input terminal is connected to the instantaneous trip bus (602), the third input terminal is connected to the corresponding loop output terminal of the multi-channel analog switch (9), the output terminal is connected to the other input terminal of the third OR gate, the output terminal of the third OR gate (604) is connected to the GPRS module of the corresponding channel switch of the trip GPRS unit (605), and the overcurrent trip and instantaneous trip signals of the overcurrent trip bus (601) and the instantaneous trip bus (602) come from the multi-loop start module (5).

6. A prefabricated intelligent substation as described in claim 5, characterized in that: When the overcurrent action signal generator (542) of a certain circuit of the multi-circuit start module (5) issues an overcurrent action signal, it is sent to the first input terminal of the first AND gate (603) of the corresponding circuit of the multi-circuit trip module (6). When the overcurrent protection output of the multi-circuit start module (5) is completed, the overcurrent trip command is sent to the overcurrent trip bus (601) and then sent to the second input terminal of the first AND gate (603). The third input terminal of the first AND gate (603) obtains the switch position signal that needs to be closed from the multi-channel analog switch (9). When the instantaneous trip signal generator (541) of a certain circuit of the multi-circuit start module (5) issues an instantaneous trip signal, it is sent to the first input terminal of another first AND gate (603) of the corresponding circuit. When the instantaneous trip protection output of the multi-circuit start module (5) is completed, the instantaneous trip command is sent to the instantaneous trip bus (602) and then sent to the second input terminal of the first AND gate (603). The third input terminal of the first AND gate (603) obtains the switch position signal that needs to be closed from the multi-channel analog switch (9). The tripping GPRS unit (605) integrates a GPRS module corresponding to each switch, and the output of the third OR gate (604) of each circuit is connected to the GPRS module of the corresponding switch circuit.

7. A prefabricated intelligent substation as described in claim 5, characterized in that: Each circuit of the multi-circuit reclosing module (7) includes a fourth OR gate (72), a branch section (74), a protection action bus (76) connecting the fourth OR gate (72) of all circuits, a reclosing gate (78) connected to the protection action bus (76), a fifth OR gate (79) connected to an input terminal of the reclosing gate (78), and the fifth OR gate (79) connected to the start / lock reclosing output port of each circuit of the multi-circuit counter and timer (20).

8. A prefabricated intelligent substation as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The multi-circuit closing module (8) includes a closing action bus (82), a second AND gate (84), a sixth OR gate (86), and a closing GPRS module (88). The reclosing action output of the multi-circuit reclosing module (7) is connected to the reclosing action bus (82) of the multi-circuit closing module (8). All switch control circuits that need to be reclosed are connected to the reclosing action bus (82). The switch control circuits include the second AND gate (84), the sixth OR gate (86), and the closing GPRS module (88). The output of the second AND gate (84) is connected to the sixth OR gate (86). The output of the sixth OR gate (86) is connected to the closing GPRS module (88).

9. A prefabricated intelligent substation as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The multi-loop counter and timer (20) is equipped with a timing and counting device for each loop. Each timing and counting device includes a third AND gate (201), a timing and counting unit (202), a NAND gate (203), a seventh OR gate (204), and a clock chip 8284A. The first input terminal of the third AND gate (201) is connected to the output terminal of the fourth OR gate (72) of the multi-loop reclosing module (7) to input the loop protection signal. The second input terminal is connected to the multi-channel analog switch (9) to input the switch opening position signal. The output terminal of the third AND gate (201) is connected to the timing and counting unit (202), which has four output terminals. The first and second output terminals are connected to the two input terminals of the NAND gate (203); the third output terminal is connected to the first input terminal of the seventh OR gate (204), and the output terminal of the NAND gate (203) is simultaneously connected to the second input terminal of the seventh OR gate (204) and one of the input terminals of the second AND gate (84) of the multi-circuit closing module (8) to provide a blocking switch closing signal; the output terminal of the seventh OR gate (204) is connected to the input terminal of the fifth OR gate (79) of the multi-circuit reclosing module (7) to provide a start / block reclosing signal; the fourth output terminal is connected to the timing device (561) of the multi-circuit starting module (5) to provide the overcurrent action time signal of the timing device (561).

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