A calibration unit of a base station antenna and a base station antenna

Abstract

The application relates to a calibration unit of a base station antenna and the base station antenna. The calibration unit comprises a main body, a radio frequency conductor and a receiving circuit board. The main body is provided with a cavity, the radio frequency conductor is located in the cavity, the receiving circuit board is installed on the main body and located outside the cavity and used for receiving a coupling signal of the radio frequency conductor. The radio frequency conductor and the receiving circuit board have a preset spacing, and the radio frequency conductor has a bending section which can be protruded or recessed towards the receiving circuit board. The receiving circuit board is arranged outside the cavity, so that the calibration unit can be matched with different receiving circuit boards, and the application field of the calibration unit is expanded. The bending section is arranged to adjust the isolation between the radio frequency conductor and the receiving circuit board, the influence of the radio frequency conductor on other performances is reduced, meanwhile, the installation position of the radio frequency conductor can be unchanged, so that the influence of the radio frequency conductor on other components is reduced, and the main body can be applied to calibration units with different coupling degrees, so that the mold cost of the main body is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a calibration unit and a base station antenna. Background Technology

[0002] In the feed network of a base station antenna, in order to improve the coupling between the radio frequency signal body layer and the coupling signal conductor layer of the calibration unit, it is usually necessary to adjust the position of the radio frequency signal conductor layer. However, although this solution adjusts the coupling, other components of the calibration unit also need to be adjusted in position and structure to avoid the radio frequency signal conductor layer. At the same time, since the position of the radio frequency signal conductor layer is different at different coupling levels, the structure of the metal shell used to install the radio frequency signal conductor layer is also different. It is usually necessary to design multiple molds to process the metal shells required for different coupling levels, which is quite difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a calibration unit and a base station antenna for solving the problem of high difficulty and cost in adjusting the coupling between the radio frequency signal body layer and the coupling signal conductor layer.

[0004] This application provides a calibration unit for a base station antenna, the calibration unit comprising:

[0005] The main body has a cavity;

[0006] A radio frequency conductor located within the cavity;

[0007] A receiving circuit board is mounted on the main body and located outside the cavity, for receiving the coupled signal of the radio frequency conductor;

[0008] The receiving circuit board and the radio frequency conductor are at a predetermined distance. The radio frequency conductor has a bent section, which is either protruding towards the receiving circuit board or recessed towards the receiving circuit board.

[0009] By adjusting the depth of the protrusions or recesses in the bending sections of the RF conductor, the coupling gap between the RF conductor and the receiving circuit board can be adjusted locally, allowing for flexible adjustment of the coupling degree. This eliminates the need to adjust the position of other parts of the RF conductor within the main body, thus avoiding changes to other network performance. By setting bending sections locally on the RF conductor to adjust the distance between the RF conductor and the receiving circuit board, the isolation between them can be adjusted. Because the local structure of the RF conductor changes, the overall structural change is minimal, thus having little impact on other structures of the calibration unit. The RF conductor can still be installed in its original position without altering the structure of the main body to adjust its position. Multiple molds are unnecessary; the structure of the bending section can be adjusted according to requirements. The main body can use universal molds, significantly reducing costs and better meeting practical production and usage needs. Since the receiving circuit board is located outside the cavity, the calibration unit can be adapted to different receiving circuit boards, expanding its application range. Furthermore, in the event of a receiving circuit board failure, it can be replaced independently, minimizing the impact on other parts of the calibration unit.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the bent section protrudes toward the receiving circuit board, and the distance between the bent section and the receiving circuit board is 4.5 mm to 5.8 mm.

[0011] During the adjustment of coupling, if it is necessary to reduce the distance between the RF conductor and the receiving circuit board, the bent section can protrude towards the receiving circuit board, so that the distance between the bent section and the receiving circuit board is 4.5mm to 5.8mm. Only the coupling of the bent section is changed, while the distance between other parts and the receiving circuit board remains unchanged, so the impact on the working performance of other parts is minimal.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the bent section is recessed in a direction away from the receiving circuit board, and the distance between the bent section and the receiving circuit board is 5.8 mm to 7.3 mm.

[0013] During the adjustment of coupling, if it is necessary to increase the distance between the RF conductor and the receiving circuit board, the bent section can be recessed towards the receiving circuit board, so that the distance between the bent section and the receiving circuit board is 5.8mm to 7.3mm. Only the coupling of the bent section is changed, while the distance between other parts and the receiving circuit board remains unchanged, so the impact on the working performance of other parts is minimal.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the main body is provided with an opening that communicates with the cavity, and the receiving circuit board is capable of covering the opening.

[0015] By providing an opening in the main body that is connected to the cavity, the influence of the outer wall of the main body on the coupling between the RF conductor and the receiving circuit board can be reduced, thereby improving signal quality and better meeting actual usage requirements.

[0016] In one possible implementation, a coupling medium, which is polyethylene sulfuric acid, is provided between the radio frequency conductor and the receiving circuit board.

[0017] By using polyethylene sulfuric acid as a coupling medium within the cavity, the electrical length of the coupling gap between the RF conductor and the receiving circuit board can be adjusted, thereby improving the coupling effect between the RF conductor and the receiving circuit board and thus enhancing signal quality.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the main body is provided with a mounting structure, and the coupling medium is disposed on the mounting structure;

[0019] Along the extension direction of the bending structure, the main body is provided with multiple mounting structures at intervals.

[0020] This method can improve the positioning accuracy of the coupling medium, making the coupling medium more evenly distributed and better meeting actual usage requirements.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the main body is provided with a support structure, and the radio frequency conductor is mounted to the main body through the support structure.

[0022] The RF conductor is mounted on the main body of the calibration unit through a support structure, which can fix the position of the RF conductor in the main body and thus determine the distance between the RF conductor and the receiving circuit board. This helps to improve the installation accuracy and stability of the RF conductor and improve the overall performance stability of the calibration unit.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the main body is provided with a plurality of the support structures along the length of the radio frequency conductor.

[0024] Multiple support structures are provided along the length of the RF conductor to restrict the position of the RF conductor in the main body at multiple locations, thereby reducing the change in the distance between the RF conductor and the receiving circuit board due to shaking within the main body, and thus ensuring the stability of the calibration unit's performance.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the radio frequency conductor is a sheet metal strip or a circuit board.

[0026] Since both sheet metal wires and circuit boards can receive or transmit electromagnetic signals, they can both be used as radio frequency conductors.

[0027] This application also provides a base station antenna, which includes a calibration unit as described in any of the above claims.

[0028] This application provides a calibration unit and a base station antenna for a base station antenna. The calibration unit includes a main body, an RF conductor, and a receiving circuit board. The main body has a cavity, the RF conductor is located in the cavity, and the receiving circuit board is mounted on the main body and located outside the cavity for receiving the coupled signal from the RF conductor. A preset distance exists between the RF conductor and the receiving circuit board, and the RF conductor has a bent section that can protrude or recess towards the receiving circuit board. Placing the receiving circuit board outside the cavity allows the calibration unit to be adapted to different receiving circuit boards, expanding the application range of the calibration unit. Simultaneously, it facilitates replacement in case of receiving circuit board failure, reducing the impact on other components of the calibration unit. By setting the bent section to adjust the isolation between the RF conductor and the receiving circuit board, the influence of the RF conductor on other performance aspects is reduced. Furthermore, the mounting position of the RF conductor can remain unchanged, thereby reducing the influence of the RF conductor on other components. The main body can be applied to calibration units with different coupling degrees, thereby reducing the mold cost of the main body and better meeting the needs of actual production.

[0029] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the base station antenna provided in this application;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the base station antenna provided in this application;

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the calibration unit provided in this application;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second embodiment of the calibration unit provided in this application.

[0034] Figure label:

[0035] 1-Main body;

[0036] 11-Cavity;

[0037] 2-Radio frequency conductor;

[0038] 21-bending section;

[0039] 3-Receiver circuit board;

[0040] 4-Installation structure;

[0041] 5-Supporting structure;

[0042] 6-Antenna adjustment bracket;

[0043] 61-Pole hold;

[0044] 7-Base station antenna;

[0045] 71-Metal reflector;

[0046] 72-Radiation unit;

[0047] 73 - Calibration Unit;

[0048] 74 - Phase shifter;

[0049] 75 - Combiner or filter;

[0050] 8-Connector seal;

[0051] 9-Grounding device.

[0052] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To better understand the technical solution of this application, the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] In base station antenna feed networks, signal layer coupling connections are frequently required to achieve functions such as phase shifting, power division, and calibration. Current technologies adjust the coupling degree by modifying the overall position of the RF signal conductor layer and the distance between the coupled signal conductor layer. However, this approach degrades other network performance characteristics, such as matching and tolerance. Alternatively, adjusting the coupling area of ​​the RF and coupled signal conductor layers themselves can also adjust the coupling degree, but this has limited effectiveness and often fails to meet the requirements for scenarios with significant coupling degree adjustment needs. When adjusting the overall position or structure of the RF signal conductor layer, the structure of the metal cavity used to mount it also needs to be adjusted accordingly. This requires designing separate molds for the metal cavity for base station antenna feed networks with different isolation levels, resulting in high overall costs and significant manufacturing difficulties.

[0055] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a calibration unit and a base station antenna for a base station antenna, which solves the problem that other network performances may be affected when adjusting the coupling degree of the calibration unit in the base station antenna.

[0056] like Figure 1As shown, this application embodiment provides a base station antenna 7, including an antenna adjustment bracket 6, a base station antenna 7, a connector seal 8, and multiple grounding devices 9. The adjustment bracket is fixed to a pole 61, connecting the antenna to the pole 61, and can adjust the position of the base station antenna 7. The connector seal 8 is an insulating sealing tape or PVC insulating tape, used for sealing the feeder connector.

[0057] like Figure 2 As shown, the base station antenna 7 internally includes a metal reflector 71, a radiating element 72, a calibration network, a phase shifter 74, and a combiner or filter 75. The metal reflector 71 improves the antenna signal reception sensitivity by reflecting and focusing the antenna signal onto the receiving point. This not only greatly enhances the antenna's receiving / transmitting capabilities but also blocks and shields the received signal from interference from other radio waves originating from the opposite direction. The radiating element 72 effectively radiates or receives radio waves and is a basic structural unit of the antenna array, typically placed within the metal reflector 71 to form at least one independent array. The phase shifter 74, combiner, and filter form a feed network. This feed network feeds the signal to the radiating element 72 with a specific amplitude and phase or transmits the received radio signal to the base station's signal processing unit with a specific amplitude and phase. The arrays receive or transmit radio frequency signals through their respective feed networks. The base station antenna 7 is located within a radome, which has excellent electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics and can withstand harsh external environments, protecting the base station antenna 7 system and reducing the impact of the external environment.

[0058] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, this application embodiment also provides a calibration unit 73 for a base station antenna 7, which can be applied to the aforementioned base station antenna 7. The calibration unit 73 includes a main body 1, a cavity 11, a radio frequency conductor 2 mounted in the cavity 11 at a predetermined distance, and a receiving circuit board 3 for receiving the coupled signal from the radio frequency conductor 2, the receiving circuit board 3 being located outside the cavity 11. The radio frequency conductor 2 has a bent section 21 that protrudes towards the receiving circuit board 3 or is recessed away from the receiving circuit board 3.

[0059] By adjusting the depth of the protrusion or recess of the bending section 21 in the RF conductor 2, the coupling gap between the RF conductor 2 and the receiving circuit board 3 can be adjusted locally, thus achieving flexible adjustment of the coupling degree. There is no need to adjust the position of other parts of the RF conductor 2 within the main body 1, and this does not cause changes to other network performance. By setting the bending section 21 locally in the RF conductor 2 to adjust the distance between the RF conductor 2 and the receiving circuit board 3, the isolation between them can be adjusted. Since the local structure of the RF conductor 2 changes, the overall structural change is small, therefore, the impact on other structures of the calibration unit is also small. The RF conductor 2 can still be installed in its original position without changing the structure of the main body 1 to adjust its position. Multiple molds are not required; the structure of the bending section 21 can be adjusted according to needs. The main body 1 can use a universal mold, greatly reducing costs and better meeting actual production and usage requirements. Since the receiving circuit board 3 is located outside the cavity 11, the calibration unit 73 can be adapted to different receiving circuit boards 3, expanding the application range of the calibration unit 73. Furthermore, if the receiving circuit board 3 fails, it can be replaced individually, reducing the impact on other parts of the calibration unit 73. like Figure 3 As shown, in one possible embodiment, when the bent section 21 of the radio frequency conductor 2 protrudes towards the receiving circuit board 3, the distance between the bent section 21 and the receiving circuit board 3 is 4.5mm to 5.8mm.

[0060] During the adjustment of coupling, if it is necessary to reduce the distance between the radio frequency conductor 2 and the receiving circuit board 3, the bent section 21 can protrude towards the receiving circuit board 3, so that the distance between the bent section 21 and the receiving circuit board is 4.5mm to 5.8mm. Only the coupling of the bent section 21 is changed, while the distance between the other parts and the receiving circuit board 3 remains unchanged, so the impact on the working performance of other parts is minimal.

[0061] like Figure 4 As shown, in one possible embodiment, when the bent section 21 of the radio frequency conductor 2 is recessed in the direction away from the receiving circuit board 3, the distance between the bent section 21 and the receiving circuit board 3 is 5.8 mm to 7.3 mm.

[0062] If it is necessary to increase the distance between the radio frequency conductor 2 and the receiving circuit board 3 during the process of adjusting the coupling, the bent section 21 can be recessed towards the receiving circuit board 3 so that the distance between the bent section 21 and the receiving circuit board is 5.8mm to 7.3mm. Only the coupling of the bent section 21 is changed, while the distance between the other parts and the receiving circuit board 3 remains unchanged, so the impact on the working performance of other parts is minimal.

[0063] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in one possible embodiment, the main body 1 is provided with an opening that can communicate with the cavity 11. The area of ​​the receiving circuit board 3 is larger than the area of ​​the opening, and can completely cover the opening.

[0064] By providing an opening in the main body 1, and ensuring that the opening communicates with the cavity, the impact of the outer wall of the main body 1 on the coupling between the RF conductor 2 and the receiving circuit board 3 can be reduced, thereby improving signal quality and better meeting practical application requirements. Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, in one possible embodiment, a coupling medium is provided between the radio frequency conductor 2 and the receiving circuit board 3, and the material of the coupling medium is polyethylene sulfuric acid.

[0065] By using polyethylene sulfuric acid as a coupling medium inside cavity 11, the electrical length of the coupling gap between RF conductor 2 and receiving circuit board 3 can be adjusted, thereby improving the coupling effect between RF conductor 2 and receiving circuit board 3 and thus improving signal quality.

[0066] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, in one possible embodiment, a plurality of mounting structures 4 are provided at intervals along the extension direction of the bending structure in the main body 1 for providing a coupling medium between the radio frequency conductor 2 and the receiving circuit board 3.

[0067] This method can improve the positioning accuracy of the coupling medium, making the coupling medium more evenly distributed and better meeting actual usage requirements.

[0068] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, in one possible embodiment, a support structure 5 is provided in the main body 1, and the radio frequency conductor 2 is mounted on the support structure 5 and then on the main body 1.

[0069] The radio frequency conductor 2 is installed on the main body 1 of the calibration unit 73 through the support structure 5, which can fix the position of the radio frequency conductor 2 in the main body 1, thereby determining the distance between the radio frequency conductor 2 and the receiving circuit board 3. This is beneficial to improving the installation accuracy and stability of the radio frequency conductor 2, and improving the overall performance stability of the calibration unit 73.

[0070] The coupling between the RF conductor 2 and the receiving circuit board 3 can be adjusted by protruding or recessing the bending section 21 of the RF conductor 2. There is no need to adjust the support structure 5, which can reduce the use of different models of support structure 5, saving support structure 5 and shortening the project delivery cycle.

[0071] like Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, in one possible embodiment, the main body 1 is provided with a plurality of support structures 5 for mounting the radio frequency conductor 2 along the length direction of the radio frequency conductor 2.

[0072] Multiple support structures 5 are provided along the length of the RF conductor 2 to restrict the position of the RF conductor 2 in the main body 1 at multiple locations, thereby reducing the change in the distance between the RF conductor 2 and the receiving circuit board 3 due to shaking within the main body 1, and thus ensuring the stability of the performance of the calibration unit 73.

[0073] In one possible embodiment, the radio frequency conductor 2 can be a sheet metal strip or a circuit board.

[0074] Since both sheet metal strips and circuit boards can receive or transmit electromagnetic signals, they can both be used as radio frequency conductors.

[0075] This application provides a calibration unit 73 for a base station antenna 7 and a base station antenna 7. The calibration unit 73 includes a main body 1, a radio frequency conductor 2, and a receiving circuit board 3. The main body 1 is provided with a cavity 11, the radio frequency conductor 2 is located in the cavity 11, and the receiving circuit board 3 is mounted on the main body 1 and located outside the cavity 11 for receiving the coupled signal of the radio frequency conductor 2. There is a preset distance between the radio frequency conductor 2 and the receiving circuit board 3, and the radio frequency conductor 2 has a bent section 21 that can protrude or be recessed toward the receiving circuit board 3. By placing the receiving circuit board 3 outside the cavity, the calibration unit 73 can be adapted to different receiving circuit boards 3, expanding the application field of the calibration unit 73. At the same time, it is convenient to replace the receiving circuit board 3 when it fails, reducing the impact on other components of the calibration unit 73. By setting the bending section 21 to adjust the coupling degree between the RF conductor 2 and the receiving circuit board 3, the influence of the RF conductor 2 on other performance is reduced. At the same time, the installation position of the RF conductor 2 can remain unchanged, thereby reducing the influence of the RF conductor 2 on other components. The main body 1 can be applied to calibration units 73 with different coupling degrees, thereby reducing the mold cost of the main body 1 and better meeting the actual production needs.

[0076] It should be noted that a portion of this patent application contains copyrighted material. The copyright holder retains all rights except for making copies of the contents of patent documents or records from the patent office.

Claims

1. A calibration unit for a base station antenna, characterized in that, The calibration unit includes: The main body has a cavity; A radio frequency conductor located within the cavity; A receiving circuit board is mounted on the main body and located outside the cavity, for receiving the coupled signal of the radio frequency conductor; The receiving circuit board and the radio frequency conductor are at a predetermined distance. The radio frequency conductor has a bent section, which either protrudes toward the receiving circuit board or is recessed toward the receiving circuit board.

2. The calibration unit for the base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bent section protrudes towards the receiving circuit board, and the distance between the bent section and the receiving circuit board is 4.5mm to 5.8mm.

3. The calibration unit for the base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bent section is recessed in a direction away from the receiving circuit board, and the distance between the bent section and the receiving circuit board is 5.8mm to 7.3mm.

4. The calibration unit for the base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body has an opening that communicates with the cavity, and the receiving circuit board can cover the opening.

5. The calibration unit for a base station antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, A coupling medium, namely polyethylene sulfuric acid, is provided between the radio frequency conductor and the receiving circuit board.

6. The calibration unit for the base station antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The main body is provided with an installation structure, and the coupling medium is disposed on the installation structure; Along the extension direction of the bent section, the main body is provided with a plurality of the mounting structures at intervals.

7. The calibration unit for a base station antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The main body is provided with a support structure, and the radio frequency conductor is mounted on the main body through the support structure.

8. The calibration unit for the base station antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, Along the length of the radio frequency conductor, the main body is provided with a plurality of the support structures.

9. The calibration unit for a base station antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The radio frequency conductor is a sheet metal strip or a circuit board.

10. A base station antenna, characterized in that, The base station antenna includes a calibration unit for the base station antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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