Pilot signaling supporting digital post-distortion (DPOD) techniques

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. Some systems can support digital post-distortion (DPoD) processing at a base station. In some such systems, a user equipment (UE) can process a data message for transmission, where a resulting signal associated with the data message includes a non-linear characteristic that is processed by DPoD at a receiver side. The non-linear characteristic can cause signal leakage into out-of-band (OOB) resources, potentially causing interference. In some examples, the UE can transmit the data message to a base station in a multi-user system. To support mitigation of non-linear interference on signaling to other UEs, the UE can additionally transmit a pilot signal in OOB resources (e.g., in addition to in-band resources), where non-linearities can be expected to negatively impact other communications. The base station can use the OOB pilot signal to perform channel estimation and interference mitigation.

Description

[0001] Cross-referencing

[0002] This patent application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 16 / 942,223, filed July 29, 2020, entitled “PLOT SIGNALINGS UPPORTING DIGITAL POST-DISTORTION (DPOD) TECHNIQUES”, and assigns it to the assignee of this application. Technical Field

[0003] The following generally pertains to wireless communication and pilot signaling that supports digital post-distortion (DPoD) technology.

[0004] background

[0005] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, message sending and receiving, broadcasting, and so on. These systems can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth-generation (4G) systems (such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-A Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems) and fifth-generation (5G) systems, which may be referred to as NR systems. These systems can employ various technologies, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), or Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more base stations or one or more network access nodes, each of which simultaneously supports communication from multiple communication devices, which may also be referred to as User Equipment (UE).

[0006] Overview

[0007] The described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, apparatuses, and devices for providing pilot signaling that supports Digital Post-Distortion (DPoD) technology. Generally, the described techniques enable user equipment (UE) to transmit pilot signals in a predictably nonlinear out-of-band (OOB) region (e.g., outside frequency resources allocated for data communications performed by the UE). The pilot signals can support channel estimation and interference mitigation in the OOB region. For example, some wireless communication systems may support receiver-side techniques (such as DPoD) to mitigate the effects of nonlinear signal processing (e.g., using nonlinear power amplifiers) on the transmitter side.

[0008] The UE can transmit data messages to the base station in in-band resources (e.g., resources allocated for data transmission), and the base station can perform DPoD to process the data messages. In some examples, the UE can transmit signals representing radio frequency data messages. As a side effect of RF processing (e.g., power amplification) used to process data for transmission, the signals can exhibit non-linear characteristics, and as a result, non-linear signals can leak into OOB resources (e.g., resources not allocated to the UE for transmitting data messages).

[0009] In some examples, the base station can configure the UE to have OOB pilot signaling. That is, the base station can transmit a configuration message indicating the set of resources for transmitting pilot signals outside the resources allocated for data transmission. The UE can transmit pilot signals to the base station in both in-band and OOB resources, and the base station can perform channel estimation based on the received pilot signals. In other words, the base station can acquire in-band and OOB channel knowledge based on the pilot signaling and can accurately estimate the channel to mitigate potential interference from the nonlinear characteristics of signals in the OOB region.

[0010] A method for wireless communication at a UE is described. The method may include: transmitting a first pilot signal to a base station within a first frequency resource set, wherein the first frequency resource set is allocated for data communication at the UE; and transmitting a second pilot signal to the base station outside the first frequency resource set but within a second frequency resource set, wherein the first frequency resource set is a subset of the second frequency resource set, and the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal are associated with the same data message.

[0011] An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. These instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: transmit a first pilot signal to a base station within a first frequency resource set, the first frequency resource set being allocated for data communication at the UE; and transmit a second pilot signal to the base station outside the first frequency resource set but within a second frequency resource set, wherein the first frequency resource set is a subset of the second frequency resource set, and the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal are associated with the same data message.

[0012] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include: means for transmitting a first pilot signal to a base station within a first frequency resource set, wherein the first frequency resource set is allocated for data communication at the UE; and means for transmitting a second pilot signal to the base station outside the first frequency resource set but within a second frequency resource set, wherein the first frequency resource set is a subset of the second frequency resource set, and the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal are associated with the same data message.

[0013] A non-transient computer-readable medium is described, storing code for wireless communication at a UE. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: transmit a first pilot signal to a base station within a first frequency resource set, wherein the first frequency resource set is allocated for data communication at the UE; and transmit a second pilot signal to the base station outside the first frequency resource set but within a second frequency resource set, wherein the first frequency resource set is a subset of the second frequency resource set, and the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal are associated with the same data message.

[0014] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices) and non-transient computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means or instructions for receiving from a base station a configuration message indicating a second set of frequency resources for transmitting a set of pilot signals, wherein the set of pilot signals includes a first pilot signal and a second pilot signal.

[0015] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices) and non-transient computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means or instructions for determining the allocation of a first set of frequency resources for data communication at the UE based on the configuration message.

[0016] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices) and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the configuration message includes a Radio Resource Control (RRC) configuration message, a Downlink Control Information (DCI) message, or a combination thereof.

[0017] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices) and non-transient computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means or instructions for: transmitting a UE capability message to a base station, the UE capability message indicating a first capability of the UE to transmit data messages for DPoD processing at the base station, a second capability of the UE to transmit a set of pilot signals distributed across a second frequency resource set, or a combination thereof, wherein the transmission of the second pilot signal may be based on the UE capability message.

[0018] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices) and non-transient computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means or instructions for receiving a configuration message from a base station and in response to a UE capability message, the configuration message configuring the UE to implement a first capability, a second capability or a combination thereof, wherein the transmission of a second pilot signal may be further based on the configuration message.

[0019] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and nontransient computer-readable media described herein, a first set of frequency resources includes in-band frequency resources allocated for data communication, while a second set of frequency resources includes in-band frequency resources and out-of-band (OOB) frequency resources not allocated for data communication. Some such examples of the methods, apparatus (devices), and nontransient computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining OOB frequency resources based on estimated nonlinear characteristics of the data message.

[0020] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices) and nontransient computer-readable media described herein, determining an OOB frequency resource may include operations, features, means, or instructions for selecting an OOB frequency resource based on the estimated nonlinear characteristics of the data message satisfying an interference threshold for the OOB frequency resource.

[0021] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices) and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal may be demodulation reference signals (DMRS) and may be transmitted concurrently with data messages, or the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal may be probe reference signals (SRS) and may be transmitted according to the periodicity of the SRS.

[0022] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices) and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, a first frequency resource set includes component carrier (CC) bandwidth and a second frequency resource set includes a set of CC bandwidths containing CC bandwidth, or a first frequency resource set includes subbands of CC bandwidth and a second frequency resource set includes a set of subbands of CC bandwidth, CC bandwidth, a set of subbands of a set of CC bandwidths, or a combination thereof including subbands of CC bandwidth.

[0023] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices) and non-transient computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means or instructions for transmitting data messages using the same antenna port as the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal, the same transmit beam as the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal, or a combination thereof.

[0024] A method for wireless communication at a base station is described. The method may include: allocating a first set of frequency resources for data communication of a UE; receiving from the UE a set of pilot signals distributed across a second set of frequency resources different from the first set, wherein the first set of frequency resources is a subset of the second set of frequency resources; performing channel estimation based on the set of pilot signals; and decoding a data message based on the channel estimation.

[0025] An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. These instructions may be executed by the processor to cause the apparatus to: allocate a first set of frequency resources for data communication of a UE; receive from the UE a set of pilot signals distributed across a second set of frequency resources different from the first set, wherein the first set of frequency resources is a subset of the second set of frequency resources; perform channel estimation based on the set of pilot signals; and decode a data message based on the channel estimation.

[0026] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus may include: means for allocating a first set of frequency resources for data communication of a UE; means for receiving from the UE a set of pilot signals distributed across a second set of frequency resources different from the first set of frequency resources, wherein the first set of frequency resources is a subset of the second set of frequency resources; means for performing channel estimation based on the set of pilot signals; and means for decoding data messages based on the channel estimation.

[0027] A non-transient computer-readable medium is described, storing code for wireless communication at a base station. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to: allocate a first set of frequency resources for data communication of a UE; receive from the UE a set of pilot signals distributed across a second set of frequency resources different from the first set, wherein the first set of frequency resources is a subset of the second set of frequency resources; perform channel estimation based on the set of pilot signals; and decode a data message based on the channel estimation.

[0028] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices) and non-transient computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for: receiving a first data message from a UE in a first frequency resource set; receiving a second data message from a second UE in a third frequency resource set allocated for data communication of a second UE, wherein the third frequency resource set at least partially overlaps with the second frequency resource set to form an overlapping frequency resource set; and determining interference from the first data message in the overlapping frequency resources based on channel estimation, wherein decoding the data message involves decoding the second data message from the second UE based on the determined interference from the first data message.

[0029] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices) and non-transient computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means or instructions for transmitting to the UE a configuration message indicating a second set of frequency resources for transmitting a set of pilot signals.

[0030] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices) and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, configuration messages include RRC configuration messages, DCI messages, or combinations thereof.

[0031] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices) and non-transient computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means or instructions for: receiving a UE capability message from a UE indicating a first capability of the UE to transmit data messages for DPoD processing at a base station, a second capability of the UE to transmit a set of pilot signals distributed across a second frequency resource set different from a first frequency resource set, or a combination thereof, wherein channel estimation may be performed based on the UE capability message.

[0032] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices) and non-transient computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means or instructions for transmitting to and in response to a UE capability message a configuration message that configures the UE to implement a first capability, a second capability or a combination thereof, wherein a set of pilot signals may be received based on the configuration message across a distribution of a second frequency resource set that is different from the first frequency resource set.

[0033] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices) and nontransient computer-readable media described herein, the signaling associated with the data message may include nonlinear characteristics, and the methods, apparatus (devices) and nontransient computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for performing DPoD techniques on the data message and channel estimation, and decoding the data message based on the performance of the DPoD techniques.

[0034] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices) and nontransient computer-readable media described herein, the first set of frequency resources includes in-band frequency resources allocated for the data communication of the UE, while the second set of frequency resources includes the UE's in-band frequency resources and OOB frequency resources not allocated for the UE's data communication, and the methods, apparatus (devices) and nontransient computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining OOB frequency resources for the UE based on estimated nonlinear characteristics of the UE's data communication.

[0035] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices) and nontransient computer-readable media described herein, determining the OOB frequency resources for a UE may include operations, features, means, or instructions for selecting OOB frequency resources for a UE based on the estimated nonlinear characteristics satisfying an interference threshold for the OOB frequency resources for the UE.

[0036] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices) and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the OOC frequency resources for the UE may be further selected based on the OOB frequency resources for the UE corresponding to the in-band frequency resources for the second UE.

[0037] Some examples of the methods, apparatus (equipment) and non-transient computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means or instructions for determining a second frequency resource set such that the second frequency resource set includes a first frequency buffer adjacent to a lower frequency edge of a first frequency resource set and a second frequency buffer adjacent to an upper frequency edge of the first frequency resource set.

[0038] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices) and nontransient computer-readable media described herein, the pilot signal set may include a first pilot signal set, and the methods, apparatus (devices) and nontransient computer-readable media described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving from a second UE a second pilot signal set allocated at least across a third frequency resource set, the third frequency resource set at least partially overlapping with the second frequency resource set to form an overlapping frequency resource set, wherein the pilot signals of the first pilot signal set and the pilot signals of the second pilot signal set may be interleaved on the overlapping frequency resource set in frequency.

[0039] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices) and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, channel estimation may be further based on a second set of pilot signals.

[0040] In some examples of the methods, apparatus (devices) and non-transient computer-readable media described herein, the pilot signal set includes a set of DMRS and can be received concurrently with data messages, or the pilot signal set includes a set of SRS and can be received periodically according to the SRS. Brief description of the attached diagram

[0042] Figure 1 and 2 Examples of wireless communication systems that support pilot signaling with digital post-distortion (DPoD) technology according to various aspects of this disclosure are explained.

[0043] Figure 3A Examples of pilot schemes supporting pilot signaling for DPoD technology are explained according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0044] Figure 3B An example of an out-of-band (OOB) signal interference diagram of pilot signaling supporting DPoD technology is explained according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0045] Figure 4Examples of DPoD processing schemes for pilot signaling that support DPoD technology are explained according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0046] Figure 5 An example of the pilot signaling process flow supporting DPoD technology according to various aspects of this disclosure is explained.

[0047] Figure 6 and 7 A block diagram of a device supporting pilot signaling for DPoD technology according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown.

[0048] Figure 8 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting pilot signaling for DPoD technology according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown.

[0049] Figure 9 A diagram of a system including a device supporting pilot signaling technology according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown.

[0050] Figure 10 and 11 A block diagram of a device supporting pilot signaling for DPoD technology according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown.

[0051] Figure 12 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting pilot signaling for DPoD technology according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown.

[0052] Figure 13 A diagram of a system including a device supporting pilot signaling technology according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown.

[0053] Figures 14 to 17 A flowchart illustrating a method for supporting pilot signaling according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown.

[0054] Detailed description

[0055] Some wireless communication systems may implement different types of radio frequency (RF) operations at the transmitting device. For example, a user equipment (UE) may utilize a power amplifier to increase the power of the signal transmitted to a base station. In some examples, the power amplifier may be a high-power, nonlinear power amplifier. That is, the relationship between the input power and output power of the power amplifier may be nonlinear. In some examples, this nonlinearity may negatively affect the transmitted signal. For example, one effect of nonlinearity on the signal is distortion of the signal waveform. To mitigate the effects of nonlinearity or other pre-transmission impairments, wireless devices (e.g., receiver devices or transmitter devices) may implement digital post-distortion (DPoD) or digital pre-distortion (DPD). DPoD operation may occur at the receiver device (e.g., base station) and may, for example, mitigate the effects of nonlinearity. The DPoD process may be based on pilot signals received from the transmitting device (e.g., may include estimating the effects of nonlinearity associated with the signal from the transmitting device). For example, in the presence of a propagation channel, the DPoD process may include a combination of nonlinearity estimation and channel estimation based on pilot signals received from the UE.

[0056] In some examples, the UE may use one or more RF operations that result in nonlinear signals used for transmission to process data messages intended for transmission to the base station. Due to the nonlinear nature of the data message signals, the signals may leak into frequency resource regions located outside the frequency resources allocated to the UE for data transmission. For example, the UE may be allocated a first set of frequency resources for transmission (e.g., an in-band resource set), but nonlinear transmissions in the in-band resources can affect a second set of frequency resources outside the allocated resources (e.g., an out-of-band (OOB) resource set). In some systems, the UE may transmit pilot signals on resources allocated to the UE (e.g., in-band resources), and the base station receiving the pilot signals may perform DPoD processing to mitigate the effects of nonlinearity. However, while the base station may acquire in-band channel knowledge based on pilot signaling, it may not acquire OOB channel knowledge. Without OOB channel knowledge, the base station may not be able to accurately measure interference in the OOB region where data signals from the UE may leak. As a result, the base station may inaccurately estimate the effects of nonlinearity, potentially leading to unreliable reception of messages from other UEs in the OOB region.

[0057] To provide the base station with OOB channel knowledge, the UE can utilize OOB pilot signaling to support relevant DPoD operations at the base station. For example, the UE can process data messages for transmission (e.g., procedures not involving DPD processing), which can introduce one or more nonlinearities into the signal associated with the data message. The UE can transmit the data message to the base station via a resource set allocated to the UE (e.g., in-band resources). Processing (e.g., including power amplification) can be inherently nonlinear, such that the resulting signal of the data message can potentially leak into the OOB region (e.g., outside the resource set allocated to the UE). The UE can transmit to the base station a set of pilot signals distributed across the in-band resources and OOB resource set, where the effects of nonlinearity are expected. The base station can receive the pilot signals and use them to perform DPoD operations on the data messages received from the UE (e.g., processing nonlinearities on the receiver side). That is, as part of the DPoD process, the base station can use the in-band and OOB pilot signals to accurately estimate the channel in the in-band region and the OOB region. Accordingly, if the base station receives an additional message from another UE in an OOB area affected by a nonlinear signal, the base station can use OOB channel knowledge to effectively mitigate interference from the nonlinear signal in order to successfully receive the additional message.

[0058] In some examples, the base station may transmit a configuration message to the UE indicating an extension of in-band resources for pilot signaling. For example, the UE may be configured to have a first set of frequency resources for data communication. The base station may transmit a configuration message instructing the UE to transmit pilot signals on a second set of frequency resources (including an expectedly non-linear out-of-band region). The second set of frequency resources may be a superset of the first set of frequency resources (e.g., in-band resources). Based on the configuration, the UE may transmit pilot signals on both in-band and out-of-band resources.

[0059] In some examples, the UE may transmit a capability message to the base station. The capability message may indicate whether the UE is capable of processing data messages such that the transmitted signals associated with the data messages exhibit non-linear characteristics. In this case, the base station may perform DPoD to process the non-linear signals. Additionally or alternatively, the capability message may indicate whether the UE is capable of transmitting pilot signals in OOB frequency resources. In some cases, based on the UE capability message, the base station may configure the UE for OOB pilot signaling.

[0060] The aspects of this disclosure are initially described in the context of wireless communication systems. Additional aspects of this disclosure are explained with reference to pilot schemes, DPoD processing schemes, and process flows. The aspects of this disclosure are further explained and described by means of and reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts relating to pilot signaling supporting DPoD technology.

[0061] Figure 1Examples of a wireless communication system 100 supporting pilot signaling for DPoD technology according to various aspects of this disclosure are described. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more base stations 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an Advanced LTE (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, or a New Radio (NR) network. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may support enhanced broadband communication, ultra-reliable (e.g., mission-critical) communication, low latency communication, communication with low-cost and low-complexity devices, or any combination thereof.

[0062] Base station 105 can be distributed across a geographical area to form wireless communication system 100, and can be different types of devices or devices with different capabilities. Base station 105 and UE 115 can communicate wirelessly via one or more communication links 125. Each base station 105 can provide a coverage area 110, and UE 115 and base station 105 can establish one or more communication links 125 on the coverage area 110. Coverage area 110 can be an example of a geographical area over which base station 105 and UE 115 can support signal communication according to one or more radio access technologies.

[0063] Each UE 115 can be distributed throughout the coverage area 110 of the wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 can be stationary or mobile, or stationary and mobile at different times. Each UE 115 can be a different type of device or a device with different capabilities. Figure 1 The document describes some example UE 115s. The UE 115 described herein can communicate with various types of devices, such as other UE 115s, base station 105, or network equipment (e.g., core network nodes, relay equipment, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, or other network equipment). Figure 1 As shown in the image.

[0064] Each base station 105 may communicate with the core network 130, or with each other, or both. For example, base station 105 may interface with the core network 130 via one or more backhaul links 120 (e.g., via S1, N2, N3, or other interfaces). Base stations 105 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., directly between base stations 105), indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130), or directly and indirectly on backhaul links 120 (e.g., via X2, Xn, or other interfaces). In some examples, backhaul link 120 may be or include one or more radio links.

[0065] One or more of the base stations 105 described herein may include, or may be referred to by those skilled in the art as, base transceiver station, radio base station, access point, radio transceiver, B node, evolved B node (eNB), next-generation B node or gigabit B node (any of which may be referred to as gNB), home B node, home evolved B node, or other suitable terms.

[0066] UE 115 may include or be referred to as a mobile device, wireless device, remote device, handheld device, or subscriber device, or any other suitable term, wherein "device" may also be referred to as a unit, station, terminal, or client, etc. UE 115 may also include or be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet computer, laptop computer, or personal computer. In some examples, UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, Internet of Things (IoT) device, Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances or vehicles, meters, etc.

[0067] The UE 115 described herein can communicate with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115 that sometimes act as relays, as well as base station 105 and network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, relay base stations, etc. Figure 1 As shown in the image.

[0068] UE 115 and base station 105 can wirelessly communicate with each other via one or more communication links 125 on one or more carriers. The term "carrier" can refer to a set of radio frequency spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting communication link 125. For example, a carrier for communication link 125 may include a portion of the radio spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth portion (BWP)) operating according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling coordinating carrier operation, user data, or other signaling. Wireless communication system 100 may support communication with UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. UE 115 may be configured to have multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used in conjunction with both frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers.

[0069] In some examples (e.g., in a carrier aggregation configuration), the carrier may also have acquisition signaling or control signaling to coordinate the operation of other carriers. The carrier may be associated with a frequency channel (e.g., an Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number (EARFCN)) and may be located according to a channel grid for discovery by UE 115. The carrier may operate in an autonomous mode in which initial acquisition and connection can be performed by UE 115 via that carrier, or in a non-autonomous mode in which the carrier may connect to carriers anchored using different carriers (e.g., different carriers of the same or different radio access technologies).

[0070] The communication link 125 shown in the wireless communication system 100 may include uplink transmission from UE 115 to base station 105, or downlink transmission from base station 105 to UE 115. The carrier may carry downlink or uplink communication (e.g., in FDD mode), or may be configured to carry both downlink and uplink communication (e.g., in TDD mode).

[0071] A carrier may be associated with a specific bandwidth of the radio frequency spectrum, and in some examples, the carrier bandwidth may be referred to as the carrier or the “system bandwidth” of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth may be one of several defined bandwidths (e.g., 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, 50, 60, 80, or 100 MHz) of a carrier for a particular radio access technology. Devices of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., base station 105, UE 115, or both) may have a hardware configuration that supports communication on a specific carrier bandwidth, or may be configurable to support communication on a single carrier bandwidth within a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may include a base station 105 or UE 115 that supports simultaneous communication via carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each served UE 115 may be configured to operate on a portion (e.g., a subband, BWP) or all of the carrier bandwidth.

[0072] The signal waveform transmitted on the carrier may include multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform extended OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM, a resource element may include a symbol period (e.g., the duration of a modulation symbol) and a subcarrier, where the symbol period and subcarrier spacing are inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the code rate of the modulation scheme, or both). Thus, the more resource elements the UE 115 receives and the higher the order of the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate the UE 115 can achieve. Wireless communication resources can refer to a combination of radio frequency spectrum resources, temporal resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and using multiple spatial layers can further improve the data rate or data integrity of communication with the UE 115.

[0073] One or more parameter designs for a carrier can be supported, where the parameter design may include a subcarrier spacing (Δf) and a cyclic prefix. A carrier can be divided into one or more BWPs with the same or different parameter designs. In some examples, UE 115 can be configured with multiple BWPs. In some examples, a single BWP for a carrier can be active at a given time, and communication for UE 115 can be limited to one or more active BWPs.

[0074] The time interval of base station 105 or UE 115 can be expressed as a multiple of a basic time unit, such as the sampling period T. s =1 / (Δf) max ·Nf) seconds, where Δf max The maximum supported subcarrier spacing can be represented by Nf, while Nf can represent the maximum supported Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) size. The time interval of the communication resources can be organized according to radio frames, each with a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame can be identified by a System Frame Number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0075] Each frame may include multiple consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may (e.g., in the time domain) be divided into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into several time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include several symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix added before each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems 100, time slots may be further divided into multiple mini-time slots containing one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may contain one or more (e.g., Nf) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating frequency band.

[0076] A subframe, time slot, mini-time slot, or symbol can be the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., in the time domain) and can be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the duration of the TTI (e.g., the number of symbol periods in the TTI) can be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 can be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs)).

[0077] Physical channels can be multiplexed on a carrier using various techniques. Physical control channels and physical data channels can be multiplexed on a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) for physical control channels can be defined by the number of symbol periods and can extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESET) can be configured for a set of UEs 115. For example, one or more UEs 115 can monitor or search control regions for control information based on one or more search space sets, and each search space set can include one or more control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. An aggregation level for control channel candidates can refer to the number of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with coded information in a control information format having a given payload size. The search space set may include a common search space set configured to send control information to multiple UEs 115 and a UE-specific search space set configured to send control information to a specific UE 115.

[0078] Each base station 105 may provide communication coverage via one or more cells (e.g., macrocells, small cells, hotspots, or other types of cells, or any combination thereof). The term "cell" may refer to a logical communication entity used to communicate with base station 105 (e.g., on a carrier) and may be associated with an identifier used to distinguish adjacent cells (e.g., Physical Cell Identifier (PCID), Virtual Cell Identifier (VCID), or others). In some examples, a cell may also refer to a geographic coverage area 110 or a portion of geographic coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) on which a logical communication entity operates. The extent of such cells may vary from smaller areas (e.g., structures, subsets of structures) to larger areas depending on various factors (such as the capabilities of base station 105). For example, a cell may be or include buildings, subsets of buildings, or external space between or overlapping geographic coverage areas 110, among other examples.

[0079] In some examples, base station 105 may be mobile, and thus provide communication coverage to mobile geographic coverage areas 110. In some examples, different geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same base station 105. In other examples, overlapping geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different base stations 105. Wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network, in which different types of base stations 105 use the same or different radio access technologies to provide coverage to various geographic coverage areas 110.

[0080] Wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low latency communication, or various combinations thereof. For example, wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC) or mission-critical communication. UE 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low latency, or mission-critical functions (e.g., mission-critical functions). Ultra-reliable communication may include private or group communication and may be supported by one or more mission-critical services, such as Mission-Critical Talk-to-Talk (MCPTT), Mission-Critical Video (MCVideo), or Mission-Critical Data (MCData)). Support for mission-critical functions may include prioritization of services, and mission-critical services may be used for public safety or general business applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low latency, mission-critical, and ultra-reliable low latency are used interchangeably herein.

[0081] In some examples, UE 115 may also be able to communicate directly with other UE 115 on a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., using a peer-to-peer (P2P) or D2D protocol). One or more UE 115s utilizing D2D communication may be within the geographic coverage area 110 of base station 105. Other UE 115s in such a group may be outside the geographic coverage area 110 of base station 105 or may be unable to receive transmissions from base station 105 for other reasons. In some examples, groups of UE 115s communicating via D2D communication may utilize a one-to-many (1:M) system, where each UE 115 transmits to every other UE 115 in the group. In some examples, base station 105 facilitates the scheduling of resources for D2D communication. In other cases, D2D communication is performed between the individual UE 115s without involving base station 105.

[0082] Core network 130 provides user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. Core network 130 can be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC). The EPC or 5GC may include at least one control plane entity (e.g., a Mobility Management Entity (MME), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF)) for managing access and mobility, and at least one user plane entity (e.g., a Serving Gateway (S-GW), Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway (P-GW), or User Plane Function (UPF)) for routing packets or interconnecting to external networks. The control plane entity manages non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management of UE 115 served by base station 105 associated with core network 130. User IP packets can be delivered through the user plane entity, which provides IP address allocation and other functions. The user plane entity can connect to network operator IP service 150. Carrier IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, intranets, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0083] Some network devices (such as base station 105) may include sub-components, such as access network entity 140, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC). Each access network entity 140 may communicate with each UE 115 through one or more other access network transport entities 145, which may be referred to as a radio headend, smart radio headend, or transmit / receive point (TRP). Each access network transport entity 145 may include one or more antenna panels. In some configurations, the various functions of each access network entity 140 or base station 105 may be distributed across various network devices (e.g., radio headends and ANCs) or combined into a single network device (e.g., base station 105).

[0084] Wireless communication system 100 can operate using one or more frequency bands, typically in the range of 300 MHz to 300 GHz. Generally, the 300 MHz to 3 GHz band is referred to as a UHF band or decimeter band because the wavelengths range from approximately 1 decimeter to 1 meter. UHF waves can be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, but these waves can penetrate various structures sufficiently for macrocells to provide service to UE 115 located indoors. Compared to transmissions using smaller frequencies and longer waves in the lower HF or VHF portions of the spectrum below 300 MHz, UHF wave transmission can be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 km).

[0085] The wireless communication system 100 can also operate in the ultra-high frequency (SHF) zoning using a frequency band from 3 GHz to 30 GHz (also known as the centimeter band) or in the extremely high frequency (EHF) zoning using a spectrum (e.g., from 30 GHz to 300 GHz) (also known as the millimeter band). In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 can support millimeter-wave (mmW) communication between the UE 115 and the base station 105, and the EHF antennas of the corresponding devices can be smaller and more closely spaced than UHF antennas. In some examples, this can facilitate the use of antenna arrays within the device. However, the propagation of EHF transmissions may suffer even greater atmospheric attenuation and shorter range than SHF or UHF transmissions. The techniques disclosed herein can be employed across transmissions using one or more different frequency zonings, and the frequency band usage specified across these frequency zonings may vary by country or regulatory authority.

[0086] Wireless communication system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed radio spectrum bands. For example, wireless communication system 100 may employ licensed assisted access (LAA), LTE unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology in unlicensed frequency bands (such as the 5 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band). When operating in unlicensed radio spectrum bands, devices (such as base station 105 and UE 115) may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operation in unlicensed frequency bands may be based on carrier aggregation configuration (e.g., LAA) in coordination with component carriers operating in licensed frequency bands. Operation in unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, etc.

[0087] Base station 105 or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas that can be used to employ technologies such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication, or beamforming. The antennas of base station 105 or UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels that can support MIMO operation or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may coexist at an antenna assembly (such as an antenna tower). In some examples, the antennas or antenna arrays associated with base station 105 may be located in different geographical locations. Base station 105 may have an antenna array with several rows and columns of antenna ports that base station 105 can use to support beamforming for communication with UE 115. Similarly, UE 115 may have one or more antenna arrays that can support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, the antenna panel may support radio frequency beamforming for signals transmitted via the antenna ports.

[0088] Beamforming (also known as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that can be used at a transmitting or receiving device (e.g., base station 105, UE 115) to shape or guide an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting and receiving devices. Beamforming can be achieved by combining signals transmitted via antenna elements of an antenna array, such that some signals propagating relative to a particular orientation of the antenna array experience constructive interference, while others experience destructive interference. Adjustments to the signals transmitted via the antenna elements may include the transmitting or receiving device applying amplitude offset, phase offset, or both to the signals carried via the antenna elements associated with that device. The adjustments associated with each antenna element may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g., the antenna array relative to the transmitting or receiving device, or relative to some other orientation).

[0089] Wireless communication system 100 can be a packet-based network operating according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, communication at the bearer or Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer can be IP-based. The Radio Link Control (RLC) layer performs packet segmentation and reassembly for communication on logical channels. The Media Access Control (MAC) layer performs priority handling and multiplexing of logical channels into transport channels. The MAC layer can also use error detection, error correction, or both to support MAC layer retransmissions to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol layer can provide the establishment, configuration, and maintenance of RRC connections between UE 115 and base station 105 or core network 130 supporting user plane data radio bearers. At the physical layer, transport channels can be mapped to physical channels.

[0090] Some wireless communications may utilize multiple different components to assist signal transmission. For example, the transmitting device (e.g., UE 115) may utilize a power amplifier to increase the power of the signal. In some examples, the power amplifier may be a high-power amplifier. High-power amplifiers may be inherently nonlinear, which can negatively impact the output signal. For example, one effect of nonlinearity on the signal can be distortion of the signal waveform. To mitigate the negative impact of nonlinearity, the wireless devices in the wireless communication system 100 may implement linearization techniques, such as DPD operation, DPoD operation, or a combination thereof. DPD may occur at the transmitting end before transmitting the signal, while DPoD may occur at the receiving end after receiving the signal. In some examples, implementing DPD at UE 115 may involve significant processing overhead at UE 115 to process the signal before transmission. For example, DPD operation may involve computationally complex feedback processes for UE 115. Conversely, implementing DPoD at base station 105 can reduce the processing overhead at UE 115 for uplink transmission (e.g., based on not performing DPD at UE 115). In some examples, performing DPoD at base station 105 may additionally increase the power gain from the power amplifier, supporting reduced power usage at UE 115, increased transmit power from UE 115, or some combination thereof (e.g., based on not performing DPD at UE 115).

[0091] In some examples, the DPoD processing at base station 105 may involve analyzing pilot signals to estimate the effects of nonlinearity from the signal. Additionally, in the presence of a propagation channel (e.g., for communication by a neighboring UE 115), the DPoD processing may involve analyzing pilot signals for channel estimation. For example, a UE 115 transmitting a nonlinear signal for data signaling may implement pilot signaling distributed across in-band and OOB resource sets. Base station 105 receiving data signaling may additionally receive pilot signals for channel estimation. This channel estimation can help mitigate the negative impacts of signal leakage from the nonlinear signal to the OOB frequency region.

[0092] Figure 2 Examples of a wireless communication system 200 supporting pilot signaling for DPoD technology according to various aspects of this disclosure are described. In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 may implement various aspects of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the wireless communication system 200 may include UE 115-a, UE 115-b, UE 115-a and base station 105-a, which may be as described in reference Figure 1Examples of UE 115 and base station 105 are described. Base station 105-a can operate within coverage area 110-a. In some examples, base station 105-a can implement DPoD processing. In some examples, base station 105-a implementing DPoD processing can facilitate a reduction in signal processing overhead for one or more UEs 115. In some examples, this reduction may include efficiently moving some signal processing overhead from UE 115 to base station 105-a. In this way, UE 115 can improve battery life and reduce signal processing associated with uplink transmissions. To support DPoD processing at base station 105-a, UE 115 can implement pilot signaling on in-band and one or more OOB resources.

[0093] In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 may support the processing of messages used for data transmission, which may result in signals with nonlinear characteristics. For example, UE 115 may communicate with base station 105-a. In some examples, UE 115 may be an example of a transmitting device, while base station 105-a may be an example of a receiving device. Alternatively or additionally, base station 105-a may be an example of a transmitting device, while UE 115 may be an example of a receiving device. In some examples, the transmitting device may use one or more components, such as a high-power power amplifier, to increase the power of the signal. However, a high-power power amplifier may inherently be nonlinear. That is, the relationship between the input power to the power amplifier and the output power from the power amplifier may not be linear. In some examples, the effects of nonlinearity may negatively impact the transmitted signal. For example, the effects of nonlinearity may lead to channel interference and signal distortion, potentially resulting in an increased bit error rate (BER), and consequently, reduced channel reliability and data throughput of the wireless communication system 200.

[0094] In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 may employ linearization techniques to mitigate the effects of nonlinearity. For example, the wireless device of the wireless communication system 200 may employ DPD processing, DPoD processing, or a combination thereof. The DPD and DPoD processes may include estimating the effects of nonlinearity (e.g., distortion) and applying these estimates to the signal to mitigate the effects of nonlinearity. To estimate the effects of nonlinearity in the presence of a propagation channel (e.g., in the case of transmitting a nonlinear signal or another signal), the DPD and DPoD processes may include channel estimation.

[0095] The DPD process can occur at the transmitting device, while the DPoD process can occur at the receiving device. For example, for uplink signaling, UE 115 can be an example of a transmitting device, and base station 105 can be an example of a receiving device. To support DPD at UE 115, UE 115 can transmit pilot signal 220 (e.g., a reference signal such as a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) and / or a probe reference signal (SRS)) to base station 105, and base station 105 can transmit feedback regarding one or more pilot signals (e.g., during an over-the-air DPD process). Based on this feedback, UE 115 can perform DPD operation before transmitting a data message to base station 105 to mitigate the effects of non-linearity in the data message. As described herein, the data message can be any transmitted message carrying information, such as a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) message, a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) message, or any other type of message. Additionally or alternatively, DPoD operation can occur at the receiving device. For example, for uplink signaling, UE 115 may transmit a data message along with pilot signal 220 to base station 105, and base station 105 may perform DPoD operation based on pilot signal 220 to mitigate the impact of nonlinearity on the received data message. In some examples, DPoD operation may be used for uplink signaling, while DPD operation may not be used for uplink signaling to reduce processing overhead at UE 115. For example, because DPD operation depends on feedback from the receiving device and additional processing at the transmitting device, performing processing at the receiving device (e.g., in the case of DPoD without DPD) effectively moves a significant portion of the processing to the receiving device. To reduce processing overhead at UE 115, in some cases, base station 105-a may perform DPD for downlink transmissions, DPoD for uplink transmissions, or both. Additionally, DPD operation may be more restrictive of maximum transmit power than DPoD operation because it compensates for the effects of nonlinearity before the data message is transmitted.

[0096] In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 may implement DPoD processing. For example, base station 105-a may be an example of a receiver using DPoD component 225, while UE 115 may be an example of a transmitter for uplink signaling. In some examples, UE 115 may be configured to have component carriers (CCs) for communicating with base station 105-a. For example, UE 115-a may be configured to have a first CC, UE 115-b may be configured to have a second CC, and UE 115-c may be configured to have a third CC. In some examples, the first CC, second CC, and third CC may be different from each other (e.g., spanning different frequencies). In some examples, the first CC, second CC, and third CC may overlap (e.g., sharing at least a portion of the frequency). In some examples, UE 115-a may transmit data messages and pilot signals 220 to base station 105-a via the first CC. As described herein, in the presence of a propagation channel, channel estimation may be combined with nonlinear estimation during DPoD processing. Thus, base station 105-a can receive pilot signal 220 from UE 115-a via the first CC and perform in-band channel estimation. That is, base station 105-a can acquire channel knowledge associated with in-band resources. As described herein, in-band resources for UE 115 can refer to resources allocated by UE 115 for data communication. In-band resources can refer to carrier bandwidth or a subset of resources within carrier bandwidth (e.g., resources allocated for transmitting data messages).

[0097] In some cases, transmitting data messages in-band at UE 115-a without performing DPD can cause the signal indicating the data message to leak into the OOB frequency due to the non-linear characteristics of the signal. As described herein, OOB resources for UE 115 can refer to resources not allocated for data communication by UE 115. For example, OOB resources can refer to resources in other carrier bandwidths or resources in the same carrier bandwidth as in-band resources but not allocated for transmitting data messages. UE 115-a can transmit signals associated with data messages to base station 105-a via a first CC, and base station 105-a can receive data messages on the first CC. In some examples, signals can leak into CCs allocated to different UEs 115. For example, signals can leak into at least a portion of resources located within a second CC allocated to UE 115-b. Because base station 105-a receives pilot signal 220-a from UE 115-a via in-band resources (e.g., in the first CC), base station 105-a can acquire channel knowledge of the in-band resources. However, if base station 105-a does not receive pilot signal 220-a in the affected OOB resources, base station 105-a may be unable to mitigate OOB interference. This could potentially lead to base station 105-a being unable to fully mitigate the effects of nonlinearity in the OOB resources, thereby reducing the reliability of successfully receiving data messages from UE 115-b or UE 115-c within the OOB resources. Although described herein with reference to the first CC, second CC, and third CC, it should be understood that UE 115 can be configured to have multiple CCs or subsets of CCs for communication.

[0098] The wireless communication system 200 can support OOB pilot signals 220 during DPoD operation. That is, UE 115-a can transmit pilot signals 220-a that span the distribution of in-band frequency resources and OOB frequency resource sets. For example, UE 115-a can transmit DMRS in both in-band and OOB resources, along with data messages transmitted in in-band resources. Accordingly, UE 115-a can transmit DMRS in a different resource set (e.g., a wider frequency band) than the corresponding uplink signals (e.g., uplink data signals, uplink control signals, uplink feedback signals, etc.). Additionally or alternatively, UE 115-a can transmit SRS in both in-band and OOB resources based on resource configurations specific to UE 115-a. Accordingly, UE 115 can transmit SRS in a different resource set (e.g., a wider bandwidth) than the configured resource set used for uplink transmission (e.g., active uplink BWP, active uplink resource bandwidth, or any other configured uplink frequency resource set). Base station 105-a, including DPoD component 225, can perform OOB channel estimation to accurately estimate the effects of nonlinearity using OOB pilot signal 220.

[0099] In some examples, UE 115 may transmit capability message 210 to base station 105-a. For example, UE 115-a may transmit capability message 210-a to base station 105-a, UE 115-b may transmit capability information 210-b to base station 105-a, and UE 115-c may transmit capability information 210-c to base station 105-a. In some examples, capability message 210 may indicate to base station 105-a whether the corresponding UE 115 supports OOB pilot signaling. Additionally or alternatively, capability message 210 may indicate whether the corresponding UE 115 is capable of processing data messages such that the signal associated with the data message is a non-linear signal (e.g., not involving DPD processing). In some cases, data messages with non-linear associated signaling may be referred to as compressed data messages. For example, such information may be indicated in one or more information elements (IEs) included in the UE capability message. In some examples, the UE capability message may be an example of an RRC message. In some cases, UE 115-a, UE 115-b and UE 115-c may indicate a power threshold to base station 105-a, for which UE 115-a, UE 115-b and UE 115-c may transmit linear or nonlinear signals for data messages.

[0100] In some examples, base station 105-a may transmit resource configuration 215 to UE 115. Resource configuration 215 may indicate a wider frequency band for UE 115 to use for pilot signaling than for data signaling. In some examples, the wider frequency band may be based on in-band frequencies (e.g., assigned resources and / or CCs). For example, base station 105-a may indicate the frequency span of the assigned in-band resources in which UE 115 can expand for pilot signaling. Additionally or alternatively, the wider frequency band may be based on estimated nonlinear characteristics of the message. For example, base station 105-a, UE 115, or both may estimate an OOB frequency resource set that may be significantly affected by nonlinear signals transmitted in in-band resources (e.g., experiencing interference greater than a pre-configured, semi-static, or dynamic interference threshold). In some examples, base station 105-a may transmit resource configuration 215-a to UE 115-a, and UE 115-a may expand pilot resources to include at least a portion of a first CC and a second CC (e.g., where nonlinearity is expected). Similarly, base station 105-a may transmit resource configuration 215-b to UE 115-b, and UE 115-b may expand pilot resources to include a second CC and at least a portion of the first CC and a portion of a third CC (e.g., where nonlinearity is expected). Similarly, base station 105-a may transmit resource configuration 215-c to UE 115-c, and UE 115-c may expand pilot resources to include a third CC and at least a portion of the second CC (e.g., where nonlinearity is expected). In some examples, resource configuration 215 may be signaled to UE 115 via RRC signaling, downlink control information (DCI) signaling, or a combination thereof.

[0101] In some examples, base station 105-a may receive in-band and out-of-band pilot signals 220 from UE 115 and may perform DPoD. For example, UE 115-a may transmit pilot signal 220-a on frequency resources located in at least a portion of the first CC and the second CC. UE 115-b may transmit pilot signal 220-b on frequency resources located in the second CC and on resources located in at least a portion of the first CC and at least some portions of the third CC. UE 115-c may transmit pilot signal 220-c on frequency resources located in at least a portion of the third CC and the second CC. Based on the received pilot signal 220, base station 105-a may use DPoD component 225 to estimate the effects of nonlinearity. For example, base station 105-a can use the OOB pilot signal 220-a in a portion of the second CC to perform channel estimation to mitigate interference from a first data message received from UE 115-a in the first CC to a second data message received from UE 115-b in the second CC. Similarly, base station 105-a can use the OOB pilot signal 220-b in that portion of the first CC to perform channel estimation to mitigate interference from a second data message received from UE 115-b in the second CC to a first data message received from UE 115-a in the first CC. In this way, OOB pilot signaling can support reliable communication in multi-UE systems (e.g., systems implementing multiple-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) on the uplink) in the presence of nonlinear signal transmission.

[0102] Figure 3A Examples of pilot scheme 301 supporting pilot signaling for DPoD technology according to various aspects of this disclosure are explained. In some examples, pilot scheme 301 can be implemented as described in reference... Figure 1 and 2 The described aspects of the wireless communication system 100 or 200. For example, UE 115 may implement pilot scheme 301 to transmit OOB pilot signaling supporting DPoD technology at base station 105.

[0103] In some examples, base station 105 may communicate with multiple UEs 115 (e.g., UE 1, UE 2, and UE 3). For uplink transmission, base station 105 may be an example of a receiving device, while UE 1, UE 2, and UE 3 may be examples of a transmitting device. In some examples, UE 1 may be configured to have CC 305-a. Within CC 305-a is resource 320-a allocated to UE 1 for communicating with the base station. In some cases, UE 1 may be configured to have a subset of resources from CC 305-a or from multiple CCs 305 for uplink transmission, which may be referred to as “in-band” resources of UE 1. Additionally, UE 2 may be configured to have CC 305-b, and UE 3 may be configured to have CC 305-c. Within CC 305-b, resource 320-b is allocated to UE 2 for communication with the base station, while CC 305-c may include resource 320-c allocated to UE 3 for communication with the base station. Similar to CC 305-a, as... Figure 3A The frequency resource set represented by CC 305-b, CC 305-c, or both can correspond to a subset of carrier bandwidth, the full carrier bandwidth, or resources spanning multiple carriers. In some examples, CC 305-a, CC 305-b, and CC 305-c may partially or completely overlap (e.g., sharing at least a portion of the frequency resources), or CC 305-a, CC 305-b, and CC 305-c may be different in frequency (e.g., spanning different frequency resources). In some examples, each CC 305 may have dedicated resources (e.g., time resources, frequency resources, or both) for uplink pilot signal transmission. For example, UE 1, UE 2, and UE 3 may transmit one or more pilot signals in dedicated pilot symbols 310. Pilot symbols 310 may include multiple resource blocks, each containing multiple resource elements. For example, pilot symbol 310 may include multiple resource blocks 315 (such as resource block 315-a) within CC 305-a, multiple resource blocks 315 (such as resource block 315-b) within CC 305-b, and multiple resource blocks 315 (such as resource block 315-c) within CC 305-c.

[0104] In some examples, the base station may configure UE 1, UE 2, and UE 3 to have a wider frequency band for pilot signaling than for uplink communication. In some examples, the wider frequency band may be based on in-band frequencies (e.g., assigned resources, such as assigned CC 305). For example, the base station may indicate the frequency span in which UE 115 can expand the in-band resources used for pilot signaling. Additionally or alternatively, the wider frequency band may be based on the estimated nonlinear characteristics of the message, the resource allocation of another UE, or a combination thereof. In some examples, UE 1 may receive a resource configuration message from the base station and expand the resources used for pilot signaling to include a portion of CC 305-b (e.g., as a supplement to the in-band resources in CC 305-a). Similarly, UE 2 may receive a resource configuration message from the base station and expand the resources used for pilot signaling to include a portion of CC 305-a and a portion of CC 305-c (e.g., as a supplement to the in-band resources in CC 305-b). Similarly, UE 3 can receive resource configuration messages from the base station and can expand the resources used for pilot signaling to include a portion of CC 305-b (e.g., as a supplement to the in-band resources in CC305-c).

[0105] In some examples, UE 1, UE 2, and UE 3 may transmit one or more pilot signals 325 to the base station on in-band and OOB frequencies (e.g., indicated by configuration messages or otherwise determined by the UE). For example, UE 1 may transmit pilot signals 325 on resources 320-a allocated to UE 1 within resource blocks 315-a and 315-b, UE 2 may transmit pilot signals 325 on resources 320-b allocated to UE 2 within resource blocks 315-a, 315-b, and 315-c, and UE 3 may transmit pilot signals 325 on resources 320-c allocated to UE 3 within resource blocks 315-b and 315-c. During DPoD operation, the base station can use the pilot signals 325 received from UE 1, UE 2, and UE 3 to estimate the channel for the in-band and OOB resources of each of UE 1, UE 2, and UE 3.

[0106] Figure 3B An example of OOB signal interference diagram 302 supporting pilot signaling for DPoD technology according to various aspects of this disclosure is explained. In some examples, OOB signal interference diagram 302 may be represented as shown in reference... Figure 1 and 2 The wireless communication system 100 or 200 is described in various aspects. For example, UE 115 may implement pilot scheme 301 to support base station 105 in mitigating OOB interference represented by OOB signal interference figure 302.

[0107] In some examples, such as reference Figure 3A As described, base station 105 can communicate with multiple UEs 115 (e.g., UE 1, UE 2, and UE 3). Without DPD operation at the UE, data messages transmitted from UE 1, UE 2, and UE 3 to the base station may leak into the OOB frequency due to nonlinear signal characteristics. For example, UE 1 may be configured with CC 305-a, UE 2 with CC 305-b, and UE 3 with CC 305-c. Thus, for multi-user uplinks, data allocation for adjacent UEs can be interleaved. In some examples, UE 1 may transmit data signals via CC 305-a, which may leak into resources located within CC 305-b due to nonlinearity. For example, the power spectral density (PSD) 330-a of UE 1's data signal may be nonzero (e.g., a non-negligible value) in some portions of CC 305b. Similarly, PSD 330-b in the data signal transmitted by UE 2 can leak into CC 305-a and CC 305-c, and PSD 330-c in the data signal transmitted by UE 3 can leak into CC 305-b.

[0108] To mitigate the channel interference caused by OOB PSD 330, UE 1, UE 2, and UE 3 can be configured to transmit pilot signals on the OOB frequency, as shown in reference [reference needed]. Figure 2 and 3AAs described, UE 1 can transmit pilot signals to the base station on resources within CC 305-a and resources within CC 305-b. In some cases, the resources within CC 305-b for pilot signaling of UE 1 can be based on configured frequency buffers surrounding the in-band resources of UE 1. For example, UE 1 can determine the edges of the in-band bandwidth and can transmit pilot signaling in a specific number of OOB frequency resources extended to each edge of the in-band bandwidth. Additionally or alternatively, UE 1, the base station, or both can determine the resources within CC 305-b for pilot signaling of UE 1 based on an estimate of which resources might be affected by nonlinearity of UE 1's data signals. For example, UE 1 can transmit pilot signaling in OOB frequency resources where PSD 330-a (or the estimated PSD 330-a) is greater than a threshold PSD value. Alternatively, UE 1, the base station, or both may determine the resources within CC 305-b for pilot signaling of UE 1 based on the allocation of other UE resources. For example, if OOB resources affected by data signaling of UE 1 are not allocated to another UE, UE 1 may suppress the transmission of pilot signals in these OOB resources. However, if OOB resources affected by data signaling of UE 1 are allocated to another UE (e.g., CC 305-b such as that allocated to UE 2), UE 1 may be configured to transmit pilot signaling in the OOB resources.

[0109] Similarly, UE 2 can transmit pilot signals to the base station in resources within CC 305-b and resources within CC 305-a and CC 305-c, while UE 3 can transmit pilot signals to the base station in resources located in CC 305-c and resources within CC 305-b. In this way, the base station can estimate the channels associated with in-band and OOB regions (e.g., where signals may have leaked), and therefore can accurately estimate the effects of nonlinearity via DPoD processing. For example, to successfully receive and decode data signals received from UE 2 in CC 305-b, the base station can use pilot signaling from UE 1 to mitigate OOB PSD 330-a of data signaling from UE 1 in CC 305-a, and can use pilot signaling from UE 2 to mitigate OOB PSD 330-c of data signaling from UE 3 in CC 305-c. In this manner, the base station can effectively isolate the PSD 330-b in CC 305-b for data signaling of UE 2 in CC 305-b, perform DPoD processing on the data signaling to take into account the nonlinearity of the signal waveform, and decode the information in the data message based on the signal waveform. The base station can use in-band and OOB pilot signals from one or more UEs to determine the channel from multiple transmission sources (e.g., UEs) in the uplink.

[0110] Figure 4 Examples of a DPoD processing scheme 400 supporting pilot signaling according to various aspects of this disclosure are explained. In some examples, the DPoD processing scheme 400 may implement aspects of wireless communication system 100, wireless communication system 200, pilot scheme 301, OOB signal interference diagram 302, or combinations thereof. For example, the DPoD processing scheme 400 may include UE 115-d and base station 105-b, which may be as described in reference... Figure 1 , 2 Examples of UE 115 and base station 105 described in 3A and 3B.

[0111] In some examples, UE 115-d may include a transmitter, and in some cases, a transceiver. UE 115-d may include multiple components for different purposes. For example, UE 115-d may include RF component 405-a. RF component 405-a may include mixer 410, oscillator 415, power amplifier 420, antenna 425, or any combination of these or additional components. Oscillator 415 may be an example of a local oscillator (LO). Power amplifier 415 may be an example of a high-power power amplifier and may exhibit nonlinear characteristics. Base station 105-b may include a receiver having RF component 405-b and front-end (FE) component 435. RF component 405-b may include antenna 425-b, while FE component 435 may include DPoD component 430. In some cases, FE component 435 may further include a bandpass filter, RF amplifier, LO, mixer, or any combination of these or additional components.

[0112] In some examples, UE 115-d may transmit data message 440 to base station 105-b. To transmit data message 440, data message 440-a (e.g., a set of bits representing data message 440-a) may be transmitted via mixer 410. In some examples, mixer 410 may work in conjunction with oscillator 415 to change the frequency of data message 440-a. Additionally, data message 440-a may be transmitted via power amplifier 420, and antenna 425-a (or an antenna array) may transmit the resulting signal representing data message 420-b. Power amplifier 420 may be used to increase the power of the signal representing data message 440-b, and antenna 425 may convert the amplified signal into radio waves. In some examples, power amplifier 420 may be a high-power amplifier. In some examples, transmitting data message 440-a via power amplifier 420 may result in a signal representing data message 440-b, wherein the signal representing data message 440 may exhibit nonlinear characteristics. The signal Tx(t) transmitted by data message 440-b can be expressed by Equation 1:

[0113] Tx(t)=G·x(t)+NL(x(t))(1)

[0114] Where G represents the linear operator, x(t) represents the data message 440-a (e.g., the input signal of the power amplifier), and NL represents the effect of nonlinearity (such as distortion) on the input signal.

[0115] In some examples, UE 115-d may transmit signals via channel 445 (e.g., an uplink channel such as PUCCH, PUSCH, or any other channel). In the absence of a propagation channel, the resulting data message 440-c can be represented by Equation 2:

[0116] r(t)=Tx(t)+n(t)(2)

[0117] Where n(t) is thermal noise and r(t) is the received signal. However, in the presence of a propagation channel, interference can affect data message 440-b. As described herein, without DPD, one or more signals can leak into the OOB resource due to nonlinearity. Thus, the received signal on the channel used for data message 440-c may include in-band interference as well as OOB interference (e.g., from one or more other signals), thereby affecting data message 440-c. By normalizing the gain G to a value of 1, the received signal r(f) = FT(r(t)) in the frequency domain can be expressed by Equation 3:

[0118] r(f)=h(f)·Tx(f)+n(f)=h(f)·x(f)+n(f)+h(f)·FT(NL(x(t)))(3)

[0119] Where FT represents the Fourier transform (e.g., the transform to the frequency domain), h is based on channel 445, and f is the OOB and in-band frequency where distortion occurs. In this way, base station 105-b can use the estimated signal and channel impulse response at the transmitter to compensate for power amplifier nonlinearity in the received signal. In some cases, channel estimation may be based on pilot signals received in the same frequency band as data message 440-c, as referred to herein. Figure 2 , 3A As described in 3B. This may include in-band pilot signals, OOB pilot signals, or combinations thereof.

[0120] Base station 105-b can receive a signal representing data message 440-c. That is, data message 440-c can be transmitted via antenna 425-b, and base station 105-b can process the received signal using DPoD component 430. At DPoD component 430, the signal can undergo DPoD processing, which may include a nonlinear estimation incorporating channel estimation. DPoD processing may take into account distortion in the signal, interference with the signal, or both. Using DPoD component 430, base station 105-b can decode the signal to determine data message 440-d (e.g., information bits used to generate data message 440-a on the transmitting side).

[0121] Figure 5 Examples of a process flow 500 supporting pilot signaling for DPoD technology according to various aspects of this disclosure are explained. In some examples, process flow 500 may implement aspects of wireless communication system 100, wireless communication system 200, pilot scheme 301, OOB signal interference diagram 302, DPoD processing scheme 400, or combinations thereof. For example, process flow 500 may include UE 115-e and base station 105-c, which may be as described in reference Figures 1 to 4 Examples of UE 115 and base station 105 described herein. For uplink communication, UE 115-e may be an example of a transmitter, and base station 105-c may be an example of a receiver. In some examples, UE 115-e may utilize nonlinear components (such as power amplifiers) to transmit data messages to base station 105-c. Nonlinearity can cause the transmitted signal to leak into the OOB frequency (e.g., resources outside the resources allocated by UE 115-e for data transmission). In some examples, UE 115-e may transmit pilot signals in the OOB resources to support OOB channel estimation by base station 105-c, thereby mitigating the effects of nonlinearity in the data message. Base station 105-c and UE 115-e may implement one or more techniques described herein to mitigate OOB interference during DPoD operation. The following alternative examples may be implemented, wherein the steps are performed in a different order than described or not at all. In some cases, the steps may include additional features not mentioned below, or further steps may be added.

[0122] At 505, UE 115-e may transmit a capability message to base station 105-c. In some examples, the capability message may indicate whether UE 115-e is capable of processing data messages such that the air signaling associated with the data messages includes one or more nonlinearities (e.g., not involving the processing of DPDs that cause nonlinear RF signals). In some examples, the capability indicator may indicate whether UE 115-e is capable of transmitting pilot signals via OOB resources.

[0123] At 510, base station 105-c may transmit a resource configuration message to UE 115-e. The resource configuration message may indicate to UE 115-e the set of OOB resources for transmitting OOB pilot signals. For example, the resource configuration message may instruct UE 115-e to extend the resources used for transmitting pilot signaling from those used for transmitting uplink messages to include additional areas of anticipated nonlinearity (e.g., where nonlinear effects may cause non-negligible interference). In some examples, the resource configuration message may be an RRC configuration message, a DCI message, or any other downlink message. In some examples, the resource configuration message may be based on a UE capability message received at 505.

[0124] At 515, UE 115-e can process data messages for transmission, where such processing can result in nonlinear signals of the data messages (e.g., air signals including one or more nonlinear characteristics). For example, the data message can be amplified by a high-power power amplifier, resulting in a power gain and a nonlinear increase in output power. That is, the data message can exhibit nonlinear characteristics based on message processing (e.g., power amplification). However, this processing may not include a DPD process, and therefore may not mitigate one or more nonlinear characteristics on the transmitting side.

[0125] At 520, UE 115-e can transmit data messages to base station 105-c. UE 115-e can be configured to have a CC (e.g., the span of frequency resources allocated to UE 115-e) and can transmit data messages on resources located within the CC. As described above, the data messages can exhibit non-linear characteristics. The non-linear characteristics of the data messages can cause distortion leakage into OOB frequencies (e.g., frequency resources located outside the resources allocated for data communication).

[0126] At 525, UE 115-e may transmit two or more pilot signals to base station 105-c. In some examples, UE 115-e may transmit pilot signals (e.g., DMRS, SRS, etc.) on resources based on a configuration message received at 510. UE 115-e may transmit pilot signals in in-band resources and OOB resources. For example, pilot signals may be transmitted across multiple resource elements of one or more pilot symbols, where these resource elements may be distributed across in-band resources and OOB resource sets (e.g., frequency resources not allocated for data communication). In some cases, UE 115-e may use the same transmission port (e.g., antenna port configuration), the same uplink transmit beam, or both, to transmit data messages (e.g., in-band) and pilot signals (e.g., in-band and OOB).

[0127] At 530, base station 105-c may perform DPoD operation to mitigate the impact of nonlinearity on messages received from UE 115-e at 520. In some examples, the DPoD operation may involve channel estimation. Base station 105-c may use the pilot signal received at 525 to estimate the channel for in-band resources (e.g., frequency resources allocated for transmitting data to UE 115-e) and OOB resources (e.g., frequency resources allocated for transmitting data to UE 115-e that may be affected by the nonlinear characteristics of the transmitted data).

[0128] Figure 6 A block diagram 600 of a device 605 supporting pilot signaling for DPoD technology according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Device 605 may be an example of various aspects of UE 115 as described herein. Device 605 may include a receiver 610, a communication manager 615, and a transmitter 620. Device 605 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0129] Receiver 610 can receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to pilot signaling supporting DPoD technology). The information can be transmitted to other components of device 605. Receiver 610 can be a reference... Figure 9 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 920 described. The receiver 610 may utilize a single antenna or an array of antennas.

[0130] Communication manager 615 may be implemented at the UE. Communication manager 615 may transmit a first pilot signal to the base station within a first frequency resource set, wherein the first frequency resource set is allocated for data communication at the UE; and may transmit a second pilot signal to the base station outside the first frequency resource set but within a second frequency resource set. The first frequency resource set may be a subset of the second frequency resource set, and the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal may be associated with the same data message. Communication manager 615 may be an example of aspects of communication manager 910 described herein. In some examples, one or more aspects of communication manager 615 may be implemented by receiver 610, transmitter 620, or a combination thereof, or in combination with receiver 610, transmitter 620, or a combination thereof.

[0131] Actions performed by the communication manager 615 as described herein can be implemented to achieve one or more potential advantages. For example, transmitting an OOB pilot signal allows the base station 105 to account for OOB interference caused by nonlinear signals during DPoD processing. For example, the base station 105 can estimate the channel based on the OOB interference to aid in receiving signals affected by nonlinear distortion. Such processes can support multiple UEs 115 communicating concurrently in the uplink without degrading the reception reliability of DPoD at the base station 105. UEs 115 in this system (e.g., apparatus 605) can significantly reduce power consumption at the power amplifier (e.g., to transmit at the same transmit power level compared to the DPD process) or increase the communication rate of the power amplifier (e.g., by supporting transmission at a higher transmit power level compared to the DPD process using the same power amplifier). Alternatively, UE 115 (e.g., device 605) can increase power gain (e.g., multiply transmit power by several decibels (dB)) while maintaining the same link quality conditions by not performing DPD and transmitting OOB pilot signals.

[0132] Implementing DPoD processing at the base station side (instead of DPD processing at the UE side) reduces the processing overhead for uplink transmission at UE 115 (e.g., device 605). Thus, the processor of device 605 (e.g., a processor controlling receiver 610, communication manager 615, transmitter 620, or some combination thereof) can reduce the processing resources used for uplink transmission. Additionally, using OOB pilot signals to improve uplink transmission reliability can potentially reduce the number of retransmissions performed in the system, thereby allowing the UE to reduce processor ramp-up and enable processing units to handle uplink retransmissions.

[0133] The communication manager 615 or its sub-components may be implemented in hardware, code executed by a processor (e.g., software or firmware), or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functionality of the communication manager 615 or its sub-components may be performed by a general-purpose processor, DSP, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described in this disclosure.

[0134] The communication manager 615 or its subcomponents may be physically located at various locations, including being distributed such that portions of the functionality are implemented by one or more physical components at different physical locations. In some examples, according to various aspects of this disclosure, the communication manager 615 or its subcomponents may be separate and distinct components. In some examples, according to various aspects of this disclosure, the communication manager 615 or its subcomponents may be combined with one or more other hardware components, including but not limited to input / output (I / O) components, transceivers, network servers, another computing device, one or more other components described in this disclosure, or combinations thereof.

[0135] Transmitter 620 can transmit signals generated by other components of device 605. In some examples, transmitter 620 may coexist with receiver 610 in a transceiver module. For example, transmitter 620 may be a reference... Figure 9 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 920 described. The transmitter 620 may utilize a single antenna or an array of antennas.

[0136] Figure 7 A block diagram 700 of a device 705 supporting pilot signaling for DPoD technology according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Device 705 may be an example of aspects of device 605 or UE 115 as described herein. Device 705 may include a receiver 710, a communication manager 715, and a transmitter 735. Device 705 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0137] Receiver 710 can receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to pilot signaling). This information can be transmitted to other components of device 705. Receiver 710 can be a reference... Figure 9 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 920 described. The receiver 710 may utilize a single antenna or an array of antennas.

[0138] Communication manager 715 may be an example of aspects of communication manager 615 as described herein. Communication manager 715 may include message processing component 720, data message passing component 725, and pilot signaling component 730. Communication manager 715 may be an example of aspects of communication manager 910 as described herein. In some instances, the functions described herein with reference to communication manager 715 may be performed by receiver 710, transmitter 735, or a combination thereof. Communication manager 715 may be implemented at the UE.

[0139] The message processing component 720 can process data messages for transmission, wherein signals associated with the data messages may include nonlinear characteristics based on the processing. The data message delivery component 725 can transmit data messages to the base station within a first set of frequency resources allocated for data communication at the UE. The pilot signaling component 730 can transmit a first pilot signal to the base station within the first set of frequency resources allocated for data communication at the UE. The pilot signaling component 730 can additionally transmit a second pilot signal to the base station outside the first set of frequency resources but within a second set of frequency resources. The first set of frequency resources may be a subset of the second set of frequency resources, and the first and second pilot signals may be associated with the same data message (e.g., the transmitted data message).

[0140] Transmitter 735 can transmit signals generated by other components of device 705. In some examples, transmitter 735 may coexist with receiver 710 in a transceiver module. For example, transmitter 735 may be a reference... Figure 9 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 920 described. The transmitter 735 may utilize a single antenna or an array of antennas.

[0141] Figure 8 A block diagram 800 of a communication manager 805 supporting pilot signaling for DPoD technology according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Communication manager 805 may be an example of aspects of communication manager 615, communication manager 715, or communication manager 910 described herein. Communication manager 805 may include message processing component 810, data messaging component 815, pilot signaling component 820, configuration component 825, UE capability component 830, resource determination component 835, or some combination of these components. Each of these components may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0142] The communication manager 805 can be implemented at the UE. The message processing component 810 can process data messages for transmission, wherein the signals associated with the data messages may include non-linear characteristics based on the processing. The data message delivery component 815 can transmit data messages to the base station in a first set of frequency resources allocated for data communication at the UE.

[0143] Pilot signaling component 820 may transmit a first pilot signal to the base station within a first frequency resource set, wherein the first frequency resource set is allocated for data communication at the UE. Pilot signaling component 820 may further transmit a second pilot signal to the base station outside the first frequency resource set but within a second frequency resource set. The first frequency resource set may be a subset of the second frequency resource set. The first pilot signal and the second pilot signal may be associated with the same data message.

[0144] In some cases, the pilot signal set (e.g., including a first pilot signal and a second pilot signal) may include a DMRS set and the pilot signal set may be transmitted concurrently with the data message. Alternatively or additionally, the pilot signal set (e.g., including a first pilot signal and a second pilot signal) may include an SRS set and the pilot signal set may be transmitted periodically according to the SRS. In some cases, the data message and the pilot signal set (e.g., including a first pilot signal and a second pilot signal) may be transmitted using the same antenna port, the same transmission beam, or a combination thereof.

[0145] In some cases, the first frequency resource set includes CC bandwidth, and the second frequency resource set includes a set of CC bandwidths. In other cases, the first frequency resource set includes subbands of CC bandwidth, and the second frequency resource set includes a set of subbands of CC bandwidth, CC bandwidth, a set of subbands of a CC bandwidth set, or a combination thereof including subbands of CC bandwidth.

[0146] Configuration component 825 may receive from a base station a configuration message indicating a second frequency resource set for transmitting a set of pilot signals, wherein the set of pilot signals includes a first pilot signal and a second pilot signal. In some examples, configuration component 825 may determine the allocation of a first frequency resource set for data communication at the UE based on the configuration message. In some cases, the configuration message may include an RRC configuration message, a DCI message, or a combination thereof.

[0147] UE capability component 830 may transmit a UE capability message to a base station indicating that the UE may transmit a first capability for transmitting data messages for DPoD processing at the base station, a second capability for transmitting a set of pilot signals distributed across a second frequency set, or a combination thereof, based on the UE capability message. In some examples, configuration component 825 may receive a configuration message from the base station and in response to the UE capability message, configuring the UE to implement the first capability, the second capability, or a combination thereof, wherein the transmission of the second pilot signal is further based on the configuration message.

[0148] In some examples, the first frequency resource set includes in-band frequency resources allocated for data communication, while the second frequency resource set includes in-band frequency resources and out-of-band (OOB) frequency resources not allocated for data communication. The resource determination component 835 may determine the OOB frequency resources based on estimated nonlinear characteristics of the data message. In some examples, the resource determination component 835 may select OOB frequency resources based on the estimated nonlinear characteristics of the data message satisfying an interference threshold for the OOB frequency resources.

[0149] Figure 9A diagram of a system 900 including a device 905 supporting pilot signaling for DPoD technology is shown according to various aspects of this disclosure. Device 905 may be an example of device 605, device 705, or UE 115 as described herein, or a component including device 905, device 1005, or UE 115. Device 905 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a communication manager 910, an I / O controller 915, a transceiver 920, an antenna 925, a memory 930, and a processor 940. These components may be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., bus 945).

[0150] The communication manager 910 can be implemented at the UE. The communication manager 910 can transmit a first pilot signal to the base station within a first frequency resource set, wherein the first frequency resource set is allocated for data communication at the UE, and can transmit a second pilot signal to the base station outside the first frequency resource set but within a second frequency resource set. The first frequency resource set may be a subset of the second frequency resource set, and the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal may be associated with the same data message.

[0151] The I / O controller 915 manages the input and output signals of the device 905. The I / O controller 915 can also manage peripheral devices not integrated into the device 905. In some cases, the I / O controller 915 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some cases, the I / O controller 915 may utilize an operating system, such as... Or another known operating system. In other cases, the I / O controller 915 may represent or interact with a modem, keyboard, mouse, touchscreen, or similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 915 may be implemented as part of a processor. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 905 via the I / O controller 915 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 915.

[0152] Transceiver 920 can communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas, wired or wireless links, as described above. For example, transceiver 920 can represent a wireless transceiver and can communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 920 may also include a modem to modulate packets and provide the modulated packets to the antenna for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the antenna.

[0153] In some cases, a wireless device may include a single antenna 925. However, in other cases, the device may have more than one antenna 925, which may be able to transmit or receive multiple wireless transmissions concurrently.

[0154] Memory 930 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). Memory 930 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 935, including instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform the various functions described herein. In some cases, memory 930 may particularly include a basic I / O system (BIOS) that controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0155] Processor 940 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, central processing units (CPUs), microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, processor 940 may be configured to use a memory controller to operate a memory array. In other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 940. Processor 940 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., memory 930) to cause device 905 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting pilot signaling for DPoD technology in multi-user systems).

[0156] Code 935 may include instructions for implementing various aspects of this disclosure, including instructions for supporting wireless communication. Code 935 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or other types of memory. In some cases, code 935 may not be directly executed by processor 940, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein.

[0157] Figure 10 A block diagram 1000 of a device 1005 supporting pilot signaling for DPoD technology according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Device 1005 may be an example of various aspects of base station 105 as described herein. Device 1005 may include a receiver 1010, a communication manager 1015, and a transmitter 1020. Device 1005 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0158] Receiver 1010 can receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to pilot signaling supporting DPoD technology). The information can be transmitted to other components of device 1005. Receiver 1010 can be a reference... Figure 13 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 1320 described. The receiver 1010 may utilize a single antenna or an array of antennas.

[0159] Communication manager 1015 can allocate a first set of frequency resources for data communication of the UE; and can receive from the UE a set of pilot signals distributed across a second set of frequency resources different from the first set of frequency resources, wherein the first set of frequency resources is a subset of the second set of frequency resources. Communication manager 1015 can perform channel estimation based on the set of pilot signals; and can decode data messages based on the channel estimation. Communication manager 1015 can be an example of various aspects of communication manager 1310 described herein. In some examples, one or more aspects of communication manager 1015 can be implemented by receiver 1010, transmitter 1020, or a combination thereof, or in combination with receiver 1010, transmitter 1020, or a combination thereof.

[0160] The communication manager 1015 or its sub-components may be implemented in hardware, code executed by a processor (e.g., software or firmware), or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functionality of the communication manager 1015 or its sub-components may be performed by a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described in this disclosure.

[0161] The communication manager 1015 or its subcomponents may be physically located at various locations, including being distributed such that portions of the functionality are implemented by one or more physical components at different physical locations. In some examples, according to various aspects of this disclosure, the communication manager 1015 or its subcomponents may be separate and distinct components. In some examples, according to various aspects of this disclosure, the communication manager 1015 or its subcomponents may be combined with one or more other hardware components (including, but not limited to, I / O components, transceivers, network servers, another computing device, one or more other components described in this disclosure, or combinations thereof).

[0162] Transmitter 1020 can transmit signals generated by other components of device 1005. In some examples, transmitter 1020 may coexist with receiver 1010 in a transceiver module. For example, transmitter 1020 may be a reference... Figure 13 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 1320 described. The transmitter 1020 may utilize a single antenna or an array of antennas.

[0163] Figure 11A block diagram 1100 of a device 1105 supporting pilot signaling for DPoD technology according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Device 1105 may be an example of a device 1005 or a base station 105 as described herein. Device 1105 may include a receiver 1110, a communication manager 1115, and a transmitter 1140. Device 1105 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0164] Receiver 1110 can receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to pilot signaling supporting DPoD technology). The information can be transmitted to other components of device 1105. Receiver 1110 can be a reference... Figure 13 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 1320 described. The receiver 1110 may utilize a single antenna or an array of antennas.

[0165] Communication manager 1115 may be an example of aspects of communication manager 1015 as described herein. Communication manager 1115 may include data receiving component 1120, pilot signal receiving component 1125, channel estimation component 1130, and decoder 1135. Communication manager 1115 may be an example of aspects of communication manager 1310 as described herein.

[0166] Data receiving component 1120 can allocate a first set of frequency resources for data communication of the UE. Pilot signal receiving component 1125 can receive from the UE a set of pilot signals distributed across a second set of frequency resources different from the first set of frequency resources, wherein the first set of frequency resources is a subset of the second set of frequency resources. Channel estimation component 1130 can perform channel estimation based on the set of pilot signals. Decoder 1135 can decode data messages based on the channel estimation.

[0167] Transmitter 1140 can transmit signals generated by other components of device 1105. In some examples, transmitter 1140 may coexist with receiver 1110 in a transceiver module. For example, transmitter 1140 may be a reference... Figure 13 Examples of various aspects of the transceiver 1320 are described. The transmitter 1140 may utilize a single antenna or an array of antennas.

[0168] Figure 12A block diagram 1200 of a communication manager 1205 supporting pilot signaling for DPoD technology according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. The communication manager 1205 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 1015, communication manager 1115, or communication manager 1310 described herein. The communication manager 1205 may include a data receiving component 1210, a pilot signal receiving component 1215, a channel estimation component 1220, a decoder 1225, a configuration component 1230, a UE capability component 1235, a DPoD component 1240, a resource determination component 1245, or some combination thereof. Each of these components may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0169] The communication manager 1205 can be implemented at the base station. The data receiving component 1210 can allocate a first frequency resource set for the UE's data communication. The pilot signal receiving component 1215 can receive from the UE a set of pilot signals distributed across a second frequency resource set different from the first frequency resource set, wherein the first frequency resource set is a subset of the second frequency resource set. In some cases, the pilot signal set includes a set of DMRS and the pilot signal set is received concurrently with the data messages. Additionally or alternatively, the pilot signal set may include a set of SRS, and the pilot signal set may be received periodically according to the SRS.

[0170] The channel estimation component 1220 can perform channel estimation based on the pilot signal set. The decoder 1225 can decode the data message based on the channel estimation.

[0171] In some examples, the data receiving component 1210 may receive a first data message from the UE in a first frequency resource set, and a second data message from the second UE in a third frequency resource set allocated for data communication of the second UE, wherein the third frequency resource set may at least partially overlap with the second frequency resource set to form an overlapping frequency resource set. In some examples, the channel estimation component 1220 may determine interference from the first data message in the overlapping frequency resources based on the channel estimation, wherein decoding the data message involves decoding the second data message from the second UE based on the determined interference from the first data message.

[0172] In some examples, the signaling associated with the data message may include nonlinear characteristics (e.g., based on the processing of the data message at the UE). The DPoD component 1240 may perform DPoD techniques on the data message and channel estimation, while the decoder 1225 may decode the data message based on the performance of the DPoD techniques.

[0173] Configuration component 1230 may transmit to the UE a configuration message indicating a second set of frequency resources for transmitting a set of pilot signals. In some cases, this configuration message is an example of an RRC configuration message, a DCI message, or a combination thereof.

[0174] UE capability component 1235 may receive a UE capability message from the UE indicating a first capability of the UE to transmit data messages for DPoD processing at the base station, a second capability of the UE to transmit a set of pilot signals across a distribution of a second frequency resource set different from the first frequency resource set, or a combination thereof, wherein channel estimation is performed based on the UE capability message. In some examples, configuration component 1230 may, in response to the UE capability message, transmit a configuration message to the UE to configure the UE to implement the first capability, the second capability, or a combination thereof, wherein the set of pilot signals is received across a distribution of a second frequency resource set different from the first frequency resource set based on the configuration message.

[0175] In some examples, the first frequency resource set includes in-band frequency resources allocated for the UE's data communications, while the second frequency resource set includes the UE's in-band frequency resources and out-of-band (OOB) frequency resources not allocated for the UE's data communications. The resource determination component 1245 can determine the OOB frequency resources for the UE based on estimated nonlinear characteristics of the UE's data communications.

[0176] In some examples, determining the OOB frequency resources for the UE may involve resource determination component 1245 selecting OOB frequency resources for the UE based on the estimated nonlinear characteristics satisfying the interference threshold of the OOB frequency resources for the UE. In some cases, OOC frequency resources for the UE are further selected based on the OOB frequency resources for the UE corresponding to the in-band frequency resources for the second UE.

[0177] In some examples, the resource determination component 1245 may determine a second frequency resource set such that the second frequency resource set includes a first frequency buffer adjacent to the lower frequency edge of the first frequency resource set and a second frequency buffer adjacent to the upper frequency edge of the first frequency resource set.

[0178] In some examples, the pilot signal set may be a first pilot signal set, and the pilot signal receiving component 1215 may receive from the second UE a second pilot signal set distributed across at least a third frequency resource set, which at least partially overlaps with the second frequency resource set to form an overlapping frequency resource set, wherein the pilot signals of the first pilot signal set and the pilot signals of the second pilot signal set are interleaved in the overlapping frequency resource set. In some examples, the channel estimation component 1220 may further perform channel estimation based on the second pilot signal set.

[0179] Figure 13A diagram of a system 1300 including device 1305 supporting pilot signaling for DPoD technology, according to various aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Device 1305 may be an example of device 1005, device 1105, or base station 105 as described herein, or a component including such devices. Device 1305 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a communication manager 1310, a network communication manager 1315, a transceiver 1320, an antenna 1325, a memory 1330, a processor 1340, and an inter-station communication manager 1345. These components may be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1350).

[0180] The communication manager 1310 may allocate a first frequency resource set for the data communication of the UE; receive from the UE a set of pilot signals distributed across a second frequency resource set different from the first frequency resource set, wherein the first frequency resource set is a subset of the second frequency resource set; perform channel estimation based on the set of pilot signals; and decode data messages based on the channel estimation.

[0181] The network communication manager 1315 can manage communication with the core network 130 (e.g., via one or more wired backhaul links). For example, the network communication manager 1315 can manage the delivery of data communication to client devices (such as one or more UEs 115).

[0182] Transceiver 1320 can communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas, wired or wireless links, as described above. For example, transceiver 1320 can represent a wireless transceiver and can communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 1320 may also include a modem to modulate packets and provide the modulated packets to the antenna for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the antenna.

[0183] In some cases, the wireless device may include a single antenna 1325. However, in other cases, the device may have more than one antenna 1325, which may be able to transmit or receive multiple wireless transmissions concurrently.

[0184] Memory 1330 may include RAM, ROM, or a combination thereof. Memory 1330 may store computer-readable code 1335 including instructions that, when executed by a processor (e.g., processor 1340), cause the device to perform the various functions described herein. In some cases, memory 1330 may particularly include a BIOS that controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0185] Processor 1340 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, processor 1340 may be configured to use a memory controller to operate a memory array. In some cases, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 1340. Processor 1340 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., memory 1330) to cause device 1305 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting pilot signaling for DPoD technology in multi-user systems).

[0186] Inter-site communication manager 1345 manages communication with other base stations 105 and may include a controller or scheduler for cooperating with other base stations 105 to control communication with UE 115. For example, inter-site communication manager 1345 may coordinate the scheduling of transmissions to UE 115 for various interference mitigation techniques, such as beamforming or joint transmission. In some examples, inter-site communication manager 1345 may provide an X2 interface within LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to facilitate communication between base stations 105.

[0187] Code 1335 may include instructions for implementing various aspects of this disclosure, including instructions for supporting wireless communication. Code 1335 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or other types of memory. In some cases, code 1335 may not be directly executed by processor 1340, but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein.

[0188] Figure 14 A flowchart illustrating a method 1400 for supporting pilot signaling according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1400 may be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1400 may be implemented by, as referred to... Figures 6 to 9 The described communication manager is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the following functions. Alternatively or alternatively, the UE can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the following functions.

[0189] At point 1405, the UE may transmit a first pilot signal to the base station within a first frequency resource set, wherein the first frequency resource set is allocated for data communication at the UE. The operation of point 1405 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of point 1405 may be as described in reference... Figures 6 to 9 The described pilot signaling component is used to execute this.

[0190] At 1410, the UE may transmit a second pilot signal to the base station outside the first frequency resource set but within the second frequency resource set. The first frequency resource set may be a subset of the second frequency resource set, and the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal may be associated with the same data message. The operation of 1410 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1410 may be as described in reference... Figures 6 to 9 The described pilot signaling component is used to execute this.

[0191] Figure 15 A flowchart illustrating a method 1500 for supporting pilot signaling according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1500 can be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1500 can be implemented by, as referred to... Figures 6 to 9 The described communication manager is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the following functions. Alternatively or alternatively, the UE can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the following functions.

[0192] At point 1505, the UE may receive from the base station a configuration message indicating a second frequency resource set for transmitting a set of pilot signals. The set of pilot signals may include at least a first pilot signal and a second pilot signal. Operation at point 1505 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of operation at point 1505 may be determined by reference to... Figures 6 to 9 The described configuration components are used to execute.

[0193] At point 1510, the UE may transmit a first pilot signal to the base station within a first frequency resource set, wherein the first frequency resource set is allocated for data communication at the UE. The operation of point 1510 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of point 1510 may be derived from, as referenced... Figures 6 to 9 The described pilot signaling component is used to execute this.

[0194] At point 1515, the UE may transmit a second pilot signal to the base station outside the first frequency resource set but within the second frequency resource set, based on a configuration message. The first frequency resource set may be a subset of the second frequency resource set, and the first and second pilot signals may be associated with the same data message. The operation at point 1515 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at point 1515 may be as described in reference... Figures 6 to 9 The described pilot signaling component is used to execute this.

[0195] Figure 16A flowchart illustrating a method 1600 for supporting pilot signaling according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1600 may be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1600 may be implemented by, as referred to... Figures 6 to 9 The described communication manager is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the following functions. Alternatively or alternatively, the UE can use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the following functions.

[0196] At 1605, the UE may transmit a UE capability message to the base station, indicating a first capability of the UE to transmit data messages for DPoD processing at the base station, a second capability of the UE to transmit a set of pilot signals distributed across a second frequency resource set different from the first frequency resource set, or a combination thereof. Operation of 1605 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1605 may be provided by reference to... Figures 6 to 9 The UE capability components described are used to perform this.

[0197] At 1610, the UE may transmit a first pilot signal to the base station within a first frequency resource set, which is allocated for data communication at the UE. The operation of 1610 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1610 may be described as follows: Figures 6 to 9 The described pilot signaling component is used to execute this.

[0198] At point 1615, the UE may transmit a second pilot signal to the base station outside the first frequency resource set but within the second frequency resource set, based on a UE capability message. The first frequency resource set may be a subset of the second frequency resource set, and the first and second pilot signals may be associated with the same data message. The operation at point 1615 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at point 1615 may be derived from, as referenced... Figures 6 to 9 The described pilot signaling component is used to execute this.

[0199] Figure 17 A flowchart illustrating a method 1700 for supporting pilot signaling according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1700 can be implemented by a base station 105 or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1700 can be implemented by referring to... Figures 10 to 13 The described communication manager is used to perform this. In some examples, the base station can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the base station to perform the following functions. Additionally or alternatively, the base station may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the following functions.

[0200] At 1705, the base station may allocate a first set of frequency resources for the UE's data communication. The operation of 1705 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1705 may be as described in reference... Figures 10 to 13 The described data receiving component is used to perform this action.

[0201] At 1710, the base station can receive from the UE a set of pilot signals distributed across a second frequency resource set, which is different from the first frequency resource set, wherein the first frequency resource set is a subset of the second frequency resource set. The operation of 1710 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1710 can be derived from, as referenced... Figures 10 to 13 The described pilot signal receiving component is used to perform this.

[0202] At point 1715, the base station can perform channel estimation based on this set of pilot signals. The operation at point 1715 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at point 1715 can be derived from, as referenced... Figures 10 to 13 The described channel estimation component is used to perform this.

[0203] At point 1720, the base station can decode the data message based on this channel estimate. The operation at point 1720 can be performed according to the method described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation at point 1720 can be derived from, as referenced... Figures 10 to 13 The decoder described is used for execution.

[0204] It should be noted that the methods described in this paper describe possible implementations, and the operations and steps can be rearranged or otherwise modified, and other implementations are also possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more methods can be combined.

[0205] While aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for illustrative purposes, and the terms LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR may be used in most of the description, the techniques described herein can also be applied to networks other than LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques can be applied to a variety of other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0206] The information and signals described herein can be represented using any of a wide variety of different techniques and methods. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referred to throughout this description can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or light particles, or any combination thereof.

[0207] The various illustrative boxes and components described herein can be implemented or executed using a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, CPU, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in alternatives, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors working in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0208] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored or transmitted as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations fall within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwired, or any combination thereof. Features implementing the functions may also be physically located in various locations, including being distributed such that different parts of the function are implemented at different physical locations.

[0209] Computer-readable media includes both non-transient computer storage media and communication media, encompassing any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one location to another. Non-transient storage media can be any available medium accessible to a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example and not limitation, non-transient computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disc (CD) ROM or other optical disc storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transient medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and is accessible to a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Similarly, any connection is also legitimately referred to as computer-readable media. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then that coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable media. As used in this article, disks and discs include CDs, laser discs, optical discs, DVDs, floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs, where disks often magnetically reproduce data while discs optically reproduce data using lasers. Combinations of these media are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0210] As used herein (including in the claims), the word "or" in an enumeration of items (e.g., an enumeration of items accompanied by phrases such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") indicates an inclusive enumeration, such that an enumeration of at least one of, for example, A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Similarly, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be construed as referring to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" may be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "at least partially based on". Likewise, as used herein, the phrase "set" should be understood to include the possibility of a collection having one member. That is, the phrase "set" should be interpreted in the same manner as "one or more".

[0211] In the accompanying drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference numerals. Furthermore, components of the same type may be distinguished by a dash following the reference numeral and a second reference numeral used to differentiate between similar components. If only the first reference numeral is used in the description, the description may apply to any of the similar components having the same first reference numeral, regardless of the second reference numeral or other subsequent reference numerals.

[0212] This document, illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes exemplary configurations but does not represent all examples that can be implemented or fall within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration" and does not imply "superior" or "outperforming" other examples. This detailed description includes specific details to provide an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0213] The description provided herein is intended to enable those skilled in the art to make or use this disclosure. Various modifications to this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the universal principles defined herein can be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be granted the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for conducting wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: Transmit a first pilot signal to a network device within a first frequency resource set, wherein the first frequency resource set includes in-band frequency resources allocated for data communication of the UE; as well as Transmit a second pilot signal to the network device outside the first frequency resource set but within the second frequency resource set, wherein: The first frequency resource set is a subset of the second frequency resource set, which includes in-band frequency resources allocated for the data communication of the UE and out-of-band frequency resources not allocated for the data communication of the UE; and The first pilot signal and the second pilot signal are associated with the same data message.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: The network device receives a configuration message indicating a second set of frequency resources for transmitting a plurality of pilot signals, wherein the plurality of pilot signals include the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal.

3. The method of claim 2, further comprising: The allocation of the first set of frequency resources for the data communication of the UE is determined at least in part based on the configuration message.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the configuration message includes a radio resource control configuration message, a downlink control information message, or a combination thereof.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising: The network device is transmitted a UE capability message indicating the UE's first capability to transmit data messages for digital post-distortion processing at the network device, the UE's second capability to transmit a plurality of pilot signals distributed across the second frequency resource set, or a combination thereof, wherein the transmission of the second pilot signals is at least partially based on the UE capability message.

6. The method of claim 5, further comprising: A configuration message is received from the network device and in response to the UE capability message, the configuration message configuring the UE to implement the first capability, the second capability, or a combination thereof, wherein the transmission of the second pilot signal is further based at least in part on the configuration message.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising: The out-of-band frequency resources are determined at least in part based on the estimated nonlinear characteristics of the data message.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein determining the out-of-band frequency resource comprises: The out-of-band frequency resource is selected at least in part based on the estimated nonlinear characteristics of the data message satisfying an interference threshold for the out-of-band frequency resource.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein: The first pilot signal and the second pilot signal include a demodulation reference signal and are transmitted concurrently with the data message; or The first pilot signal and the second pilot signal include a breakthrough reference signal and are transmitted periodically according to the breakthrough reference signal.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein: The first frequency resource set includes component carrier bandwidth, and the second frequency resource set includes a plurality of component carrier bandwidths that include the component carrier bandwidth; or The first frequency resource set includes sub-bands of the component carrier bandwidth, while the second frequency resource set includes multiple sub-bands of the component carrier bandwidth, the component carrier bandwidth, multiple sub-bands of the multiple component carrier bandwidths, or a combination thereof including the sub-bands of the component carrier bandwidth.

11. The method of claim 1, further comprising: The data message is transmitted using the same antenna port as the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal, the same transmit beam as the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal, or a combination thereof.

12. A method for wireless communication at a network device, comprising: Allocate a first set of frequency resources to a user equipment (UE), the first set of frequency resources including in-band frequency resources for data communication of the UE; The UE receives multiple pilot signals distributed across a second frequency resource set that is different from the first frequency resource set, wherein the first frequency resource set is a subset of the second frequency resource set, and the second frequency resource set includes the in-band frequency resources allocated for the data communication of the UE and also includes out-of-band frequency resources not allocated for the data communication of the UE. Channel estimation is performed at least in part based on the plurality of pilot signals; and The data message is decoded at least in part based on the channel estimation.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising: The first data message is received from the UE in the first frequency resource set. A second data message is received from the second UE in a third frequency resource set allocated for data communication of the second UE, wherein the third frequency resource set at least partially overlaps with the second frequency resource set to form an overlapping frequency resource set; and The interference from the first data message in the overlapping frequency resources is determined at least in part based on the channel estimation, wherein decoding the data message includes decoding the second data message from the second UE at least in part based on the determined interference from the first data message.

14. The method of claim 12, further comprising: A configuration message indicating the second frequency resource set for transmitting the plurality of pilot signals is transmitted to the UE.

15. The method of claim 12, further comprising: The UE receives a UE capability message indicating a first capability of the UE to transmit data messages for digital post-distortion processing at the network device, a second capability of the UE to transmit the plurality of pilot signals distributed across a second frequency resource set different from the first frequency resource set, or a combination thereof, wherein the channel estimation is performed at least in part based on the UE capability message.

16. The method of claim 15, further comprising: A configuration message is transmitted to the UE and in response to the UE capability message, the configuration message configuring the UE to implement the first capability, the second capability, or a combination thereof, wherein the plurality of pilot signals are received at least in part based on the configuration message across a second frequency resource set different from the first frequency resource set.

17. The method of claim 12, wherein the signaling associated with the data message includes nonlinear characteristics, the method further comprising: Digital post-distortion techniques are applied to the data message and the channel estimation; as well as The data message is decoded at least in part based on the digital post-distortion technique described above.

18. The method of claim 12, further comprising: The out-of-band frequency resources for the UE are determined at least in part based on the estimated nonlinear characteristics of the UE's data communication.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein determining the out-of-band frequency resources for the UE comprises: The out-of-band frequency resources for the UE are selected at least in part based on the estimated nonlinear characteristics satisfying an interference threshold for the out-of-band frequency resources for the UE.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the out-of-band frequency resources for the UE are further selected at least in part based on the out-of-band frequency resources for the UE corresponding to the in-band frequency resources for the second UE.

21. The method of claim 12, further comprising: Determine the second frequency resource set such that the second frequency resource set includes: A first frequency buffer adjacent to the lower frequency edge of the first frequency resource set; and A second frequency buffer adjacent to the upper frequency edge of the first frequency resource set.

22. The method of claim 12, wherein the plurality of pilot signals includes a first plurality of pilot signals, the method further comprising: The second UE receives a second plurality of pilot signals distributed across at least a third frequency resource set, the third frequency resource set at least partially overlapping with the second frequency resource set to form an overlapping frequency resource set, wherein the pilot signals of the first plurality of pilot signals and the pilot signals of the second plurality of pilot signals are interleaved on the overlapping frequency resource set.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the channel estimation is performed further at least in part based on the second plurality of pilot signals.

24. The method of claim 12, wherein: The plurality of pilot signals include a plurality of demodulation reference signals and are received concurrently with the data message; or The plurality of pilot signals include a plurality of breakthrough reference signals, and are received periodically according to the breakthrough reference signals.

25. An apparatus for conducting wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: processor; Memory coupled to the processor; and instructions, which are stored in the memory and can be executed by the processor to cause the device to: Transmit a first pilot signal to a network device within a first frequency resource set, wherein the first frequency resource set includes in-band frequency resources allocated for data communication of the UE; as well as Transmit a second pilot signal to the network device outside the first frequency resource set but within the second frequency resource set, wherein: The first frequency resource set is a subset of the second frequency resource set, which includes in-band frequency resources allocated for the data communication of the UE and out-of-band frequency resources not allocated for the data communication of the UE; and The first pilot signal and the second pilot signal are associated with the same data message.

26. An apparatus for conducting wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: processor; Memory coupled to the processor; And instructions, which are stored in the memory and can be executed by the processor to cause the device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 2-11.

27. An apparatus for wireless communication at a network device, comprising: processor; Memory coupled to the processor; and instructions, which are stored in the memory and can be executed by the processor to cause the device to: Allocate a first set of frequency resources to a user equipment (UE), the first set of frequency resources including in-band frequency resources for data communication of the UE; The UE receives multiple pilot signals distributed across a second frequency resource set that is different from the first frequency resource set, wherein the first frequency resource set is a subset of the second frequency resource set, and the second frequency resource set includes the in-band frequency resources allocated for the data communication of the UE and also includes out-of-band frequency resources not allocated for the data communication of the UE. Channel estimation is performed at least in part based on the plurality of pilot signals; and The data message is decoded at least in part based on the channel estimation.

28. An apparatus for wireless communication at a network device, comprising: processor; Memory coupled to the processor; And instructions, which are stored in the memory and can be executed by the processor to cause the device to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 13-24.

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