An excitation protection device for parallel melts

Abstract

A parallel molten metal excitation protection device includes a housing, an excitation source located within the housing, at least one impact device, and a conductor passing through the housing, with both ends of the conductor located outside the housing. The excitation source, upon receiving an excitation signal, can drive the at least one impact device to disconnect the conductor located within the housing. An arc-extinguishing chamber is provided on the at least one impact device, and a molten metal passes through the arc-extinguishing chamber. Both ends of the molten metal pass through the arc-extinguishing chamber inside the impact device and are electrically connected in parallel to the conductor located within the housing, or are connected in parallel to the conductor via contact elements. After disconnecting the conductor, the impact device disconnects the molten metal or causes the molten metal to detach from the conductor's conductive contact. This invention can achieve breaking under low current and zero current conditions; it can achieve rapid protection; it has excellent insulation performance after breaking; it has high breaking capacity and strong arc-extinguishing capability; it has good resistance to current impulse, low heat generation, and small size.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of power and new energy vehicles, and in particular to protection devices for circuits in these fields. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in addition to traditional thermal fuses, battery pack protection devices for electric power control and new energy vehicles also include a fast-cutting structure (i.e., an excitation protection device), which is gradually expanding its application. A fuse is a protective device that utilizes the thermal accumulation effect of current to melt and extinguish the arc at a current sensing point (neck) on the fusible element within a certain time. An excitation protection device is a fast-cutting protection device that uses an excitation source to drive an insulating impact device to disconnect the conductor connected to the circuit, forming a physical break and thus disconnecting the circuit.

[0003] The advantages of excitation protection devices are rapid protection through quick-cutting openings, good resistance to current surges, low heat generation, and complete physical isolation after disconnection. The disadvantages are a limited breaking capacity due to the cutting opening alone and weak arc-extinguishing capability (relying on air cooling or compression for arc extinguishing). The advantages of fuses are maturity and stability, high breaking capacity, and strong arc-extinguishing capability. The disadvantages are: poor resistance to current surges; relatively high heat generation; long circuit disconnection time under low fault currents, failing to achieve rapid protection; incomplete physical isolation after fuse melting; and larger size and weight.

[0004] Considering the advantages and disadvantages of both excitation protection devices and fuses, a further solution has emerged: a fusible element is fixedly connected in parallel to the conductor of the aforementioned excitation protection device to improve arc extinguishing and breaking capacity. This involves an excitation protection device that relies on the melting of the fusible element to extinguish the arc after the conductor is broken. This solution can significantly increase the breaking capacity of the excitation protection device and avoid some of the inherent drawbacks of fuses. However, relying on the melting of the fusible element cannot achieve breaking under low current and zero current conditions; at the lower limit of the breaking current range, the melting of the fusible element takes a relatively long time, failing to achieve rapid protection, and the insulation performance after breaking is poor. Due to these drawbacks, the application range of excitation protection devices that rely on the melting of a fixedly connected fusible element to extinguish the arc after the conductor is broken is limited. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an excitation protection device that, by setting an arc-extinguishing chamber on an impact device, allows parallel molten materials to pass through the arc-extinguishing chamber of the impact device. After the conductor is disconnected by the movement of the impact device, the molten materials are disconnected, thus achieving multiple breaks on the conductor and the molten materials for arc extinguishing, improving space utilization, arc extinguishing capability, and breaking capability.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention provides a parallel melt excitation and protection device, comprising a housing, an excitation source located within the housing, at least one impact device, and a conductor passing through the housing, with both ends of the conductor located outside the housing; the excitation source receives an excitation signal and can drive at least one impact device to disconnect the conductor located within the housing; an arc-extinguishing chamber is provided on at least one impact device, and a melt is passed through the arc-extinguishing chamber, with both ends of the melt passing through the arc-extinguishing chamber inside the impact device and electrically connected in parallel with the conductor located within the housing, or connected in parallel with the conductor through a contact element; the impact device disconnects the melt or causes the melt to lose its conductive contact with the conductor after disconnecting the conductor.

[0007] Preferably, the melt has a break-off weak point and a melting weak point; the break-off weak point is located in the arc-extinguishing chamber or outside the impact device, and the melting weak point is located in the arc-extinguishing chamber; the impact device drives the melt to break from the break-off weak point.

[0008] Preferably, the weak point of disconnection is located between the impact device and the cavity contact surface.

[0009] Preferably, the impact end of the impact device is an inverted trapezoidal structure, and a groove structure is provided on the inclined surface of the inverted trapezoidal structure of the impact end. A convex ridge structure nested with the groove is provided at the bottom of the shell cavity corresponding to the groove structure.

[0010] Preferably, the two ends of the melt pass through the inclined surface of the inverted trapezoidal structure at the impact end of the impact device and are electrically connected to the conductors located on both sides of the cavity.

[0011] Preferably, the two ends of the melt extend through the arc-extinguishing chamber to the opposite sides of the impact device and are fixedly attached to the outer surface of the impact device; conductive contacts are respectively provided on the shells on both sides where the two ends of the melt are located, one end of the contact is conductively connected to the conductor, and the other end is an elastic end that makes conductive contact with one end of the melt located outside the impact device.

[0012] Preferably, the impact device includes a first impact device and a second impact device disposed in the cavity of the housing; the second impact device is located between the first impact device and the conductor; the arc-extinguishing chamber is disposed inside the second impact device, and the molten material passes through the arc-extinguishing chamber inside the second impact device; the impact end of the first impact device passes through the second impact device; the excitation source receives an excitation signal and can drive the first impact device to disconnect the conductor, while the first impact device drives the second impact device to disconnect the molten material.

[0013] Preferably, the first impact device is a T-shaped structure, and the second impact device is a ring-shaped structure with a hollow portion, wherein the impact end of the first impact device passes through the hollow portion of the second impact device.

[0014] Preferably, the arc-extinguishing chamber is an annular structure formed inside the second impact device, surrounding the hollow portion.

[0015] Preferably, the molten portion located in the arc-extinguishing chamber is an annular structure surrounding the hollow portion.

[0016] Preferably, the hollow portion is a circular hole structure, a square hole structure, or a polygonal hole structure; the impact end of the first impact device matches the shape of the hollow portion.

[0017] Preferably, an isolation ridge is provided at the bottom of the housing cavity, and a locking groove is provided on the isolation ridge for the impact end of the first impact device to be locked.

[0018] Preferably, limiting structures for restricting the initial positions of the first impact device and the second impact device are respectively provided on the first impact device and the second impact device and at the corresponding position of the housing.

[0019] Preferably, a limiting structure is provided on the housing to restrict the termination position of the second impact device.

[0020] The excitation and protection device of this invention can achieve interruption under low current and zero current conditions; it can achieve rapid protection; it has excellent insulation performance after interruption; it has high breaking capacity and strong arc extinguishing capability; it has good resistance to current impulse and low heat generation. Since the arc extinguishing chamber is set on the impulse device, the space of the impulse device is fully utilized, reducing the overall volume of the excitation and protection device and making the structure more compact. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1, where Figure a is a structural schematic diagram at the initial position and Figure b is a structural schematic diagram after the action is completed.

[0022] Figure 2 Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2, where Figure a is a structural schematic diagram of the initial position and Figure b is a structural schematic diagram of the end of the action.

[0023] Figure 3 Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 3, where Figure a is a structural schematic diagram of the initial position and Figure b is a structural schematic diagram of the end of the action.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the melt before disconnection, located in the arc-extinguishing chamber and outside the second impact device in Example 3.

[0025] Figure 5Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 4, where Figure a is a structural schematic diagram of the initial position and Figure b is a structural schematic diagram of the end of the action.

[0026] Figure 6 This is Example 4, a schematic diagram of the structure after the melt in the arc-extinguishing chamber is broken.

[0027] Figure 7 Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 5, where Figure a is a structural schematic diagram at the initial position and Figure b is a structural schematic diagram after the action is completed.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the second impact device and the cross-sectional structure of the melt. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Regarding the above technical solutions, several preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the figures.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] The casing is made of insulating material and can be molded using methods such as injection molding. (See attached image) Figure 1 The device includes a first housing 10 and a second housing 11. A conductor 30 is located between the first housing 10 and the second housing 11. The contact surfaces of the first housing 10 and the second housing 11 are sealed. This sealing can be achieved by setting nested grooves and protrusions or sealing rings on the contact surfaces. This contact surface sealing prevents foreign objects from contaminating the break point and also prevents high-temperature arcs from damaging surrounding components. It also extends the sealing length of the impact device within the cavity. The first housing 10 and the second housing 11 have interconnected cavities. The conductor 30, a long strip-shaped structure, passes through these cavities. Both ends of the conductor are located outside the housings and can be connected to external circuits for circuit protection. A weak point 31 and a weak point 32 are provided on the conductor 30 located within the housing cavities. The impact end of the impact device 20 corresponds to the weak point. Disconnecting weak points involves structures that reduce the mechanical strength of the conductor, such as variable cross-section structures, for example, notches on both sides of the conductor, grooves extending through its width, or through holes at intervals. Rotating weak points involve grooves on the conductor, and the mechanical strength of rotating weak points is higher than that of disconnecting weak points. After the conductor is disconnected from the weak point, it can be rotated and bent along the rotating weak point into the cavity of the second shell.

[0032] The excitation source 1 is integrally formed into the cavity of the first housing 10 by injection molding. Alternatively, the upper part of the cavity of the first housing can be configured as a stepped hole structure, with the excitation source 1 positioned at the stepped hole, and fixed in the stepped hole structure by a pressure cap or pressure sleeve. The excitation source 1 is a gas generating device that can ignite upon receiving an excitation signal, releasing high-pressure gas to drive the displacement of the impact device.

[0033] A first impact device 2 is disposed in the first housing cavity below the excitation source 1. The first impact device 2 is made of insulating material. The first impact device is in sealed contact with the cavity in which it is located. This sealed contact can be achieved by an interference fit or by setting a sealing device, such as a sealing ring, between the impact device and the cavity. The end of the first impact device closest to the conductor 3 is the impact end, which has an inverted trapezoidal structure. The end face of the first impact device adjacent to the excitation source is set as an arc-shaped concave structure.

[0034] A limiting structure is provided between the first impact device 2 and the cavity it is located to restrict the initial position of the impact device. The first impact device can only overcome the limiting structure and move when it is driven by high-pressure gas from the excitation source. The limiting structure is a concave-convex structure. For example, a limiting protrusion is provided on the first impact device, and a corresponding limiting groove is provided on the cavity wall. The limiting structure is realized by the cooperation between the protrusion and the groove.

[0035] An arc-extinguishing chamber 201 is provided in the first impact device 2, and the arc-extinguishing chamber is filled with an arc-extinguishing medium. The arc-extinguishing medium can be solid, liquid or gel.

[0036] The molten material 4 is inserted into the arc-extinguishing chamber 201 of the first impact device. Both ends 401 of the molten material extend out of the arc-extinguishing chamber 201, located outside the first impact device. After being bent, it passes through the first impact device and contacts the cavity of the first housing, where it is electrically connected to the conductor 3 located between the first and second housings. The molten material portion within the arc-extinguishing chamber has both a break-off weak point and a melting-break weak point. The break-off weak point is a structure that reduces the mechanical strength of the molten material, such as a row of through-holes or a variable cross-section structure. The melting-break weak point is a narrow neck or a metallurgical effect point.

[0037] A vertical guide groove 101 is provided on the cavity wall through which the first housing and the second housing pass. On the outer peripheral surface of the first impact device in sealed contact with the cavity, a protrusion slidably disposed in the guide groove is provided at a position relative to the guide groove. The guide groove and the protrusion 101 together form a guide device for guiding the first impact device.

[0038] The second housing 11 has a shape at the bottom of its cavity corresponding to the impact end face of the first impact device, which is matched with the impact end face.

[0039] Working principle of this embodiment:

[0040] The excitation source receives the excitation signal and ignites, releasing high-pressure gas; it drives the first impact device to move, and the first impact device moves along with the melt and breaks the conductor, forming a break in the conductor; then the first impact device continues to move, driving the broken part of the conductor to bend into the cavity of the second housing, while the first impact device pulls the melt apart, forming a break 402 at the weak point of the melt in the arc extinguishing chamber of the first impact device, completely breaking the circuit.

[0041] Arc extinguishing principle: First, a break is formed on the conductor. Since there is a molten element in parallel, when the conductor breaks, most of the current flows through the molten element, so the arc at the conductor break is very small and can be easily extinguished by air. Then, the first impact device breaks the molten element, and a break is formed on the molten element in the arc extinguishing chamber. The arc generated at the molten element break is extinguished by the arc extinguishing medium, which improves the arc extinguishing ability.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] The structure was modified based on Example 1. See [link / reference] Figure 2 The two ends 401 of the melt 4 pass through the arc-extinguishing chamber 201 of the first impact device 2, and emerge from the inclined surfaces on both sides of the blade-shaped impact end face of the first impact device, and are electrically and fixedly connected to the conductor located between the first shell and the second shell. Weak points are respectively provided at corresponding positions at both ends of the melt 4 located between the first impact device and the conductor, and weak points are provided on the melt located in the arc-extinguishing chamber.

[0044] Grooves 202 are respectively provided on the two inclined surfaces of the inverted trapezoidal structure at the impact end of the first impact device 2. The grooves 202 are located between the point where the molten material protrudes from the impact end and the cavity wall. A positioning protrusion 110 matching the groove 202 is provided at the bottom of the cavity of the second housing 11. A weak point is provided on the molten material 40 located outside the first impact device, and a weak point is provided in the arc-extinguishing chamber located in the first impact device.

[0045] Working principle:

[0046] The excitation source receives the excitation signal and generates a large amount of high-pressure gas, which drives the first impact device to disconnect the conductor and form a fracture. After that, it continues to drive the conductor to bend the disconnected part. At the same time, as the first impact device moves, it pulls the melt from both sides of its impact end to form two series fractures on the melt. Finally, it moves to the dead point position. The groove 202 on the first impact device is locked on the outside of the protrusion 110 to isolate the melt disconnected part from the conductor disconnected part, thereby isolating the conductor fracture and the melt fracture and preventing arcing. The first impact device and the conductor disconnected part extinguish the arc by compression. At the same time, the melt disconnected part located at the impact end of the first impact device is bent at the impact end face and squeezed between the first impact device and the bottom of the second housing cavity, extinguishing the arc by compression.

[0047] Its arc-extinguishing principle is the same as in Example 1.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] This embodiment is based on the structural changes made in Embodiment 1. See also... Figure 3 A conductor 3 is disposed between the first housing 10 and the second housing 11. At least two limiting steps are provided in the cavity of the first housing 10. An excitation source 1 is installed on the upper part of the cavity of the first housing via an injection molding die. A first impact device 2 is installed at the limiting step of the cavity between the excitation source 1 and the conductor 3. The first impact device 2 has a T-shaped structure, with its larger diameter end near the excitation source in sealed contact with the cavity of the first housing. This sealed contact can be achieved through an interference fit or by providing a sealing device between the contact surfaces; the sealing device is generally a sealing ring. A limiting structure is provided between the contact surface of the first impact device 2 and the cavity of the first housing to limit the initial position of the first impact device.

[0050] A second impact device 5 is installed in the first housing cavity near the conductor 3, and the second impact device 5 is located at the limiting step in the cavity. The second impact device 5 is in sealed contact with the cavity of the first housing, and the seal is achieved by interference fit in this embodiment. The first impact device is made of insulating material and has a ring-shaped structure with a hollow part. The impact end of the first impact device 2 extends out of the second impact device through the hollow part. A limiting structure is provided between the contact surface of the second impact device and the cavity of the first housing to limit the initial position of the second impact device.

[0051] The limiting structure is a matching groove and protrusion structure provided between the first impact device or the second impact device and the contact surface of the cavity where it is located, or other limiting structures that can be overcome under the drive of the excitation source.

[0052] An arc-extinguishing chamber 501 is provided in the second impact device, and the molten material 4 passes through the arc-extinguishing chamber 501. Both ends of the molten material 4 extend out of the second impact device through the arc-extinguishing chamber 501 and then pass through the first housing to be electrically and fixedly connected to the conductor 3 located between the first and second housings. A weak point 402 is provided on the molten material located between the contact surface of the second impact device and the first housing, and a weak point 403 is provided on the portion of the molten material located in the arc-extinguishing chamber 501. The portion of the molten material 4 located in the arc-extinguishing chamber of the second impact device can be a semi-annular structure or an annular structure, and the weak points are spaced-apart through holes. (See reference...) Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing that the melt portion located in the arc-extinguishing chamber 501 has a ring-shaped structure.

[0053] The second impact device 5 can consist of two interlocking bottom shells and covers, forming a sealed arc-extinguishing chamber and a hollow section. The molten material is fixed to the second impact device by the interlocking structure to ensure that the molten material structure in the arc-extinguishing chamber is not affected when it breaks. Corresponding to the termination position of the movement of the second impact device 5, a limiting protrusion is provided on the second shell to limit the movement of the second impact device.

[0054] An isolation ridge 111 is provided at the bottom of the cavity of the second housing, and a locking groove is provided on the isolation ridge. This is to facilitate the first impact device to contact the isolation ridge at the bottom of the cavity of the second housing in the shortest possible time after disconnecting the conductor, and to lock in the locking groove of the isolation ridge, so as to prevent the impact end of the first impact device from shaking, isolate the two parts of the conductor disconnection and the two breaks of the melt, and avoid arcing.

[0055] Working principle:

[0056] The excitation source receives an excitation signal and ignites, generating a large amount of high-pressure gas. This gas drives the first impact device to overcome the limiting structure and displace, breaking the conductor at its weak point and creating a fracture in the conductor. During the process of the first impact device displacing and breaking the conductor, the second impact device maintains its initial position due to the limiting structure. When the first impact device displaces the conductor and displaces to the second impact device, driving it to overcome the limiting structure, the second impact device displaces under the drive of the first impact device and pulls the melt apart from its weak point, creating two tandem fractures in the melt. Finally, the first impact device moves to its dead position, and its impact end contacts the isolation protrusion 111 at the bottom of the second housing, stopping its operation.

[0057] Arc extinguishing principle:

[0058] When the fault current is insufficient to melt the fusible element or there is zero fault current, the conductor breaks at the weak point to form a fracture. Since the fusible elements are connected in parallel, most of the current flows through the fusible elements. The arc generated at the conductor fracture is very small and is extinguished by air. The fusible element fracture is located between the contact surface of the second impact device and the cavity of the first housing. The arc generated is extinguished by the compression between the contact surface of the second impact device and the cavity of the first housing.

[0059] When the fault current is high, after the conductor breaks, the melt can melt and form a fracture in the arc-extinguishing chamber, and be pulled apart by the second impact device to form two mechanical fractures. The arc-extinguishing medium and the extrusion work together to extinguish the arc, thus improving the arc-extinguishing capability.

[0060] Example 4

[0061] The structure was modified based on Example 3. See [link / reference] Figure 5The difference from Embodiment 3 is that the weak point 402 of the melt 4 is located on the melt within the arc-extinguishing chamber 501. The portion of the melt 4 extending beyond the second impact device 5 is not fixed by the second impact device 5 and is in a pullable state. See also Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the melt is broken in this embodiment.

[0062] The operating principle of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1. The only difference in the arc extinguishing principle is that the broken surface of the melt is in the arc extinguishing medium, and the arc is extinguished by the arc extinguishing medium.

[0063] Example 5

[0064] Based on Example 3, a structural modification is made. The structural difference from Example 3 is that the structure of the second impact device 5 is partially modified. The second impact device 5 has notch structures 502 with beveled surfaces on opposite sides near the conductor 3. The two ends of the melt 4 extend from the notch structures of the second impact device and are bent and fixed to the side of the notch structure 502. The bent ends of the melt have a certain length.

[0065] Contact elements 6 are fixedly installed on the first shell at both ends of the melt, see reference. Figure 7 One end of the contact 6 extends out of the first housing and is electrically and fixedly connected to the conductor located between the first and second housings. The other end of the contact 6 extends out of the cavity wall of the first housing and is located within the cavity of the first housing. One end of the contact 6 located in the cavity of the first housing is an elastic end 601, which in this example is a spring sheet structure. When the second impact device is assembled and in its initial position, the elastic end 601 of the contact 6 is in a compressed state and located at the notch structure 502 of the second impact device, making electrical contact with one end of the melt at the notch structure.

[0066] Its operating principle:

[0067] The excitation source receives an excitation signal and ignites, generating high-pressure gas that drives the first impact device to operate, breaking the conductor and forming a break. The first impact device then drives the second impact device to move, causing the elastic end 601 of the contact element 6 to move a certain distance from both ends of the melt, thus detaching from the conductive contact and forming two series breaks at both ends of the melt. Its arc-extinguishing principle is the same as in Example 3.

[0068] In all the above embodiments, regardless of whether the weak point of the melt break is located outside or inside the arc-extinguishing chamber, the weak point of the melt break is always located within the arc-extinguishing chamber. The structure of the weak point of the melt break adopts a through-hole structure arranged in rows at intervals, such as... Figure 4 and Figure 6 The structure shown can also be a variable cross-section structure, or a structure with grooves in the melt, etc. The purpose of breaking the weak point is to reduce the mechanical strength of the melt when it is broken. The weak point of the melt is a narrow neck or a metallurgical effect point.

[0069] In the above embodiments, the first housing, the second housing, the first impact device, and the second impact device are all made of insulating material and can be formed by injection molding or other methods.

[0070] The conductors involved in the above embodiments are all elongated sheet-like structures and are made of a rigid, conductive metal. The melt involved is also made of a conductive metal.

[0071] In the above embodiments 3 to 5, see Figure 8 The impact end of the first impact device matches the shape of the hollow portion of the second impact device. The hollow portion of the second impact device can be a circular hole structure, a square hole structure, or a polygonal hole structure. The shape of the second impact device can be a circular ring structure or a square ring structure, but is not limited to the above structures.

Claims

1. An excitation and protection device for parallel melts, characterized in that, The device includes a housing, an excitation source located within the housing, at least one impact device, and a conductor passing through the housing, with both ends of the conductor located outside the housing. The excitation source receives an excitation signal and can drive at least one impact device to disconnect the conductor located within the housing. An arc-extinguishing chamber is provided on at least one of the impact devices, and a molten material passes through the arc-extinguishing chamber. Both ends of the molten material pass through the arc-extinguishing chamber inside the impact device and are electrically connected in parallel with the conductor located within the housing, or are connected in parallel with the conductor through a contact element. After disconnecting the conductor, the impact device disconnects the molten material or causes the molten material to lose its conductive contact with the conductor.

2. The excitation protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The melt is provided with a break-off weak point and a melting weak point; the break-off weak point is located in the arc-extinguishing chamber or outside the impact device, and the melting weak point is located in the arc-extinguishing chamber; The impact device drives the melt to break off from the weak point.

3. The excitation protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The weak point of the break is located between the contact surface between the impact device and the cavity of the housing.

4. The excitation protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impact end of the impact device is an inverted trapezoidal structure. A groove structure is provided on the inclined surface of the inverted trapezoidal structure of the impact end. A convex ridge structure nested with the groove is provided at the bottom of the shell cavity corresponding to the groove structure.

5. The excitation protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The two ends of the melt pass through the inclined surface of the inverted trapezoidal structure at the impact end of the impact device and are electrically connected to the conductors located on both sides of the cavity.

6. The excitation protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the melt pass through the arc-extinguishing chamber and extend to opposite sides of the impact device, and are fixedly attached to the outer surface of the impact device; conductive contacts are respectively installed on the shells on both sides where the two ends of the melt are located. One end of the contact is conductively connected to the conductor, and the other end is an elastic end that makes conductive contact with one end of the melt located outside the impact device.

7. The excitation protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The impact device includes a first impact device and a second impact device disposed in the cavity of the housing; the second impact device is located between the first impact device and the conductor; the arc-extinguishing chamber is disposed inside the second impact device, and the molten material passes through the arc-extinguishing chamber inside the second impact device; the impact end of the first impact device passes through the second impact device; the excitation source receives an excitation signal and can drive the first impact device to disconnect the conductor, while the first impact device drives the second impact device to disconnect the molten material.

8. The excitation protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first impact device is a T-shaped structure, and the second impact device is a ring-shaped structure with a hollow part, with the impact end of the first impact device passing through the hollow part of the second impact device.

9. The excitation protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The arc-extinguishing chamber is an annular structure formed inside the second impact device, surrounding the hollow portion.

10. The excitation protection device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The molten portion located in the arc-extinguishing chamber is a ring-shaped structure surrounding the hollow portion.

11. The excitation protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The hollow portion has a circular hole structure, a square hole structure, or a polygonal hole structure; the impact end of the first impact device matches the shape of the hollow portion.

12. The excitation protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, An isolation ridge is provided at the bottom of the housing cavity, and a locking groove is provided on the isolation ridge for the impact end of the first impact device to be locked.

13. The excitation protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, Limiting structures that restrict the initial position of the first impact device and the second impact device are respectively provided on the first impact device and the second impact device and at the corresponding position of the housing.

14. The excitation protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, A limiting structure is provided on the housing to restrict the termination position of the second impact device.

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