A pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant, its preparation method and application

Abstract

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a pesticide or fertilizer adjuvant, its preparation method and application, belonging to the field of pesticide adjuvants, and comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-40 parts by weight of biosurfactant, 0.5-5 parts by weight of lecithin, 0.2-2.5 parts by weight of tocopherol, 0.2-2 parts by weight of suspending agent, and 20-93 parts by weight of solvent; the weight ratio of the biosurfactant, lecithin, and tocopherol is (5.5-8):1:(0.3-0.8). The present invention solves the technical problem of low utilization rate of pesticides or fertilizers in the prior art. The present invention solves the problem of loss caused by photolysis, oxidation, drought and transpiration, reduces the drift and evaporation of droplets, lowers the surface tension of the liquid medicine, and increases the deposition amount and adhesion of droplets. The present invention has an obvious synergistic effect, and can effectively reduce the dosage of pesticides and fertilizers by 30-70% after being added.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pesticide adjuvants, and particularly relates to a pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant for reducing the usage amounts of pesticides and fertilizers, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The information disclosed in this background art section is only intended to enhance the overall understanding of the present invention and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information constitutes prior art already known to those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0003] Generally speaking, the pesticide utilization rate refers to the proportion of the amount of pesticide deposited on the target in a unit area to the total amount of pesticide used, that is, the deposition rate. The evaporation, drift, etc. of droplets caused by the distance from the medicine box to the crop leaves account for about 25%. When the droplets collide with the crop leaves, the interfacial transfer such as bouncing, breaking, splashing, and loss causes about 35% of the dose loss. Only 39.8% is the amount of droplets staying on the leaves. There is also a complex absorption and transportation process for the liquid medicine to enter the crops, weeds, and insect bodies. The consumption caused by the absorption and transportation loss cannot be measured at present and can only be estimated through laboratories. Taking chlorantraniliprole as an example, to eliminate one Spodoptera exigua, the liquid medicine concentration needs to be 0.5 μg / g. Suppose there are 2000 Spodoptera exigua in one mu of vegetable field, and each weighs 2 g. In theory, only 2 mg / acre of chlorantraniliprole is needed, but in actual use at present, the dosage of chlorantraniliprole is 2 g / acre, which is 1000 times higher than the theory, and even far greater than this dosage. Only less than 0.03% of the pesticide can play an insecticidal role.

[0004] Since 2015, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has organized and implemented the action of zero growth in chemical fertilizer usage by 2020, promoting the continuous decrease in the usage amount of chemical fertilizers for crops and the continuous improvement of utilization efficiency. In 2020, the chemical fertilizer utilization rate of the three major food crops of rice, wheat, and corn was 40.2%, and the pesticide utilization rate was 40.6%. However, this is still the deposition rate, only the narrow utilization rate, rather than the broad utilization rate. The actual pesticide utilization rate has only increased by 0.7%.

[0005] Biosurfactants usually include rhamnolipids, sophorolipids, trehalolipids, etc. Rhamnolipids are anionic biosurfactants produced by microorganisms. They have amphiphilic properties in oil and water, can reduce the surface tension of water, adsorb on the surface of the wax layer through dispersion force with the hydrophobic group, and the hydrophilic group extends into the fertilizer solution to form an oriented adsorption film, replacing the hydrophobic wax layer. This can improve the wetting condition of pesticides and fertilizers on the wax layer, make pesticides and fertilizers fully spread, and promote the maximum absorption and utilization of pesticides and nutrients. Rhamnolipid biosurfactants can be used under extreme conditions of temperature, pH value, and salinity, and are non-toxic and biodegradable. Sophorolipids are a type of glycolipid biosurfactant with good emulsifying properties, and have properties such as dispersion, wetting, emulsification, and reduction of surface tension. Due to their biological origin, biodegradability, heat resistance, high salt tolerance, wide pH range adaptation, and environmental friendliness, they can partially or completely replace chemically synthesized surfactants. Their unique plant cell affinity can improve the permeability of plant cells to nutrients and is the best improver for the absorption of pesticides and nutrients by plant surface substances. Trehalolipids have strong emulsifying ability and can replace chemically synthesized emulsifiers.

[0006] Lecithin is the main component of biological membranes, generally including soybean lecithin, hydrogenated lecithin, egg yolk lecithin, and synthetic phospholipids. It has balanced amphiphilic bipolar characteristics and functions such as emulsification, thickening, stabilization, dispersion, solubilization, wetting, and lubrication. The hydrophilic group of lecithin combines with the hydrophilic molecules of pesticides and fertilizers, and the lipophilic group of lecithin combines with the lipophilic molecules of pesticides and fertilizers to form nanoscale honeycomb-like microcapsules. After the droplets are sprayed on the plant leaves, the lipophilic group of lecithin can emulsify the plant surface wax layer, enabling pesticide molecules to smoothly enter the plant cell membrane. When pesticide and fertilizer molecules pass through the negatively charged wax layer, they must also pass through the water-containing gaps of the outer wall plasmodesmata with a size of 10 - 100 Å between the cell walls, and finally must pass through the plasmalemma with a size of 4 Å to reach the cytoplasm of the first cell. The cell membrane contains a large amount of water, and the hydrophilic group of lecithin can avoid the molecular repulsion of plant cells to pesticides, etc. However, lecithin cannot perform transmembrane conduction between cells and cannot carry pesticide molecules to the target.

[0007] Tocopherols are classified into α-, β-, γ-, δ-tocopherols and α-, β-, γ-, δ-tocotrienols according to the saturation of their hydrophobic tails and the number and position of methyl groups on the aromatic ring, among which α-tocopherol has the highest activity. Tocopherols are mainly synthesized in the chloroplasts of plant cells. It is located on the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts, and the ratio to chlorophyll molecules is about 1:24. It plays a certain role in stabilizing the structure of the chloroplast membrane system. Tocopherols can only be synthesized in photosynthetic organisms (plants and photosynthetic bacteria), and tocopherols have very important functions in antioxidant, plant growth and development, response to adversity, photosynthate transport, and signal transduction. Tocopherols play an important role in the structural formation and normal development of the phloem parenchyma transfer cell wall in plants and the normal transport of photosynthetic products. Especially in the case of low temperature and high temperature, the absence of tocopherols will show symptoms of carbohydrate accumulation in plants.

[0008] Under normal circumstances, when the application method and application scenario of pesticides (fertilizers) are fixed, improving the targeted delivery of pesticides through adjuvant technology is one of the important means to reduce the dosage of pesticides and fertilizers and increase efficiency. Taking the spraying of pesticides as an example, the improvement of the accuracy of targeted delivery can start from the following aspects: 1) reducing the drift and evaporation of the liquid medicine; 2) enhancing the adhesion and retention of droplets on plants; 3) improving the rainfastness of the active ingredient; 4) improving the penetration and absorption of the active ingredients of pesticides and fertilizers; 5) improving the transport and utilization of the active ingredients of pesticides and fertilizers in plants.

[0009] Existing tank-mix adjuvants have a single function. They are mainly based on silicone or vegetable oil and only have one or several of the functions such as anti-drift, anti-evaporation, reducing surface tension, and spreading. Usually, they focus on a certain stage of the entire action process such as the atomization, sinking, absorption, or conduction of the agent, and there are very few spray adjuvant products that play a role in the entire process of the agent. Especially under adverse conditions, such as in rainy weather, when plants have no photosynthesis, or when plant stomata are closed at high temperature, the functions of spray adjuvants are limited, and even phytotoxicity may occur.

[0010] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a composite adjuvant that can reduce the dosage of pesticides and fertilizers with strong anti-drift, strong anti-evaporation, good adhesion, good absorption promotion, good transport promotion, and good safety. Summary of the Invention

[0011] Object of the Invention

[0012] The object of the present invention is to provide a pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant for reducing the dosage of pesticides and fertilizers, its preparation method and application. The present invention solves the technical problem of low utilization rate of pesticides or fertilizers in the prior art. The present invention solves the problem of loss caused by photolysis, oxidation, drought and transpiration. By reducing the drift and evaporation of droplets, the surface tension of the liquid medicine is reduced, and the deposition amount and adhesion of droplets are increased. Relying on the balanced hydrophilic and lipophilic bipolar characteristics of lecithin and biosurfactant, the pesticide and fertilizer molecules are quickly wrapped to form nano-sized honeycomb-shaped microcapsules, realizing the affinity between pesticides or fertilizers and plants, improving the absorption, transportation and utilization of difficult-to-move elements (such as calcium, phosphorus, boron, silicon, selenium, etc.) in plants, and having an obvious synergistic effect. After adding, it can effectively reduce the dosage of pesticides and fertilizers by 30-70%.

[0013] Solution

[0014] To achieve the object of the present invention, in the first aspect, the present invention provides a pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-40 parts by weight of biosurfactant, 0.5-5 parts by weight of lecithin, 0.2-2.5 parts by weight of tocopherol, 0.2-2 parts by weight of suspending agent, 20-93 parts by weight of solvent; the weight ratio of the biosurfactant, lecithin and tocopherol is (5.5-8):1:(0.3-0.8).

[0015] Further, it comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6-35 parts by weight of biosurfactant, 0.8-4.8 parts by weight of lecithin, 0.4-2.4 parts by weight of tocopherol, 0.2-2 parts by weight of suspending agent, 20-93 parts by weight of solvent.

[0016] Further, it comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 11.2-31.7 parts by weight of biosurfactant, 1.6-4.4 parts by weight of lecithin, 1-2.2 parts by weight of tocopherol, 0.8-1.8 parts by weight of suspending agent, 20-90 parts by weight of solvent.

[0017] Further, it comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 19-27 parts by weight of biosurfactant, 3.2-3.8 parts by weight of lecithin, 1.3-1.9 parts by weight of tocopherol, 1-1.6 parts by weight of suspending agent, 30-85.6 parts by weight of solvent.

[0018] Further, the weight ratio of the biosurfactant, lecithin and tocopherol is (6.5-8):1:(0.45-0.65), optionally (7-7.5):1:(0.5-0.63), optionally (7.1-7.4):1:0.5.

[0019] Further, the solvent is 55.8 to 92.6 parts by weight, optionally 59.9 to 85.6 parts by weight, optionally 59.9 to 85.6 parts by weight, optionally 65.7 to 76.1 parts by weight.

[0020] Further, the biosurfactant is selected from one or more of rhamnolipid, sophorolipid, and trehalolipid. Optionally, in the biosurfactant, the weight ratio of rhamnolipid, sophorolipid, and trehalolipid is 1:(4 - 5):1, optionally 1:(4.3 - 4.8):1;

[0021] Further, the lecithin is selected from one or more of soybean lecithin and hydrogenated lecithin; optionally, in the lecithin, the weight ratio of soybean lecithin to hydrogenated lecithin is (0 - 4.8):(0 - 4.4), optionally 1:(0.3 - 4), optionally 1:(0.5 - 3.4);

[0022] Further, the tocopherol is D - tocopherol, optionally selected from one or more of D - α - tocopherol and D - α - tocotrienol. In the tocopherol, the weight ratio of D - α - tocopherol to D - α - tocotrienol is 1:(0.2 - 10), optionally 1:(0.2 - 1), optionally 1:(0.2 - 0.6).

[0023] Further, the suspending agent is selected from one or more of xanthan gum, sorbitol, gum arabic, sodium alginate, agar, and methylcellulose; optionally, in the suspending agent, the weight ratio of xanthan gum, gum arabic, sodium alginate, and agar is (0 - 1.5):(0 - 0.4):(0 - 0.4):(0 - 0.2); optionally, the suspending agent includes xanthan gum and gum arabic, and the weight ratio is (2.5 - 4):1;

[0024] Further, the solvent is deionized water. Optionally, water accounts for 40% - 95% of the weight of the solvent, optionally 55% - 93%, optionally 55.8% - 92.6%, optionally 59.9% - 85.6%, optionally 65.7% - 76.1%.

[0025] In a second aspect, a method for preparing the pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant according to the first aspect is provided, which is characterized by including: mixing and dispersing the biosurfactant, lecithin, tocopherol, and the solvent, then performing microfluidic emulsification, and then adding the suspending agent to obtain the pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant.

[0026] Further, the microfluidic emulsification method is: under the condition of a pressure of 40 Mpa, heating to 45 - 55 °C and performing microfluidic emulsification 2 times; optionally, the microfluidic emulsification is carried out in a microfluidic high - pressure homogenizing emulsifier; optionally, the suspending agent is added slowly.

[0027] In a third aspect, a pesticide or agricultural fertilizer composition is provided, which comprises a herbicidal pesticide or an active ingredient of agricultural fertilizer, and a pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant as described in the first aspect of the claims or a pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant prepared by the preparation method described in the second aspect.

[0028] Further, the active ingredient of the pesticide or agricultural fertilizer is selected from one or more of systemic insecticides (imidacloprid, pymetrozine, chlorantraniliprole, and / or thiamethoxam), systemic fungicides (tebuconazole and / or hexaconazole), systemic herbicides (penoxsulam and / or cyhalofop-butyl), water-soluble fertilizers (macronutrient water-soluble fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), medium-element water-soluble fertilizers (calcium, magnesium, sulfur), micronutrient water-soluble fertilizers (zinc, selenium, molybdenum, boron, silicon, etc.), amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizers).

[0029] In a fourth aspect, a method for using the pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant as described in the first aspect, or the pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant prepared by the preparation method described in the second aspect, or the pesticide or agricultural fertilizer composition described in the third aspect is provided. The pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant and the active ingredient of the pesticide or agricultural fertilizer are diluted with water into a spraying solution and applied by spraying.

[0030] Further, in the spraying solution of the pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant and the herbicide, according to different spraying methods, the spraying solution is divided into a spraying solution in which the pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant accounts for 0.2% - 0.5% of the weight of the spraying solution, or a spraying solution in which the pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant is diluted 1000 - 1500 times.

[0031] The adjuvant is mixed with an adjuvant for reducing the dosage of pesticides and fertilizers and water to prepare a spraying solution for spraying (conventional spraying, ultra-low volume spraying).

[0032] Further, during the conventional spraying process, according to the dilution multiple of 1000 - 1500 times, preferably 1200 - 1500 times, and most preferably 1200 times. First, add 2 / 3 of the amount of water to the dispensing container, add the adjuvant for reducing the dosage of pesticides and fertilizers according to the dilution multiple, then put in the pesticide, add water to make up to 100%, mix evenly, and finally pour it into the medicine box and spray it within 24 hours.

[0033] Further, during the ultra-low volume spraying (aerial spraying) process, first add 2 / 3 of the amount of water to the dispensing container, add the adjuvant for reducing the dosage of pesticides and fertilizers at 0.2% - 0.5% of the total volume of the spraying solution, then put in the pesticide, add water to make up to 100%, mix evenly, and finally pour it into the medicine box and spray it within 24 hours.

[0034] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides an application of the pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant as described in the first aspect, or the pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant prepared by the preparation method described in the second aspect in the preparation of a pesticide or agricultural fertilizer composition.

[0035] Advantageous Effects

[0036] (1) The present invention has good safety. The adjuvant for reducing the usage amount of pesticides and fertilizers in the present invention does not contain chemically synthesized emulsifiers and chemical solvents, has good affinity for plants. Each component is derived from biological or plant sources, can be biodegradable, temperature-resistant, highly saline-resistant, has a wide pH adaptation range and is environmentally friendly.

[0037] (2) The present invention has strong anti-drift property. The adjuvant for reducing the usage amount of pesticides and fertilizers in the present invention, through the combined action of biosurfactant, lecithin, tocopherol, and suspending agent, can increase the viscosity of the pesticide- and fertilizer-containing droplets, reduce the formation of small droplets, thereby reducing the drift and volatilization during the application of pesticides and fertilizers.

[0038] (3) The present invention has strong anti-evaporation property. The adjuvant for reducing the usage amount of pesticides and fertilizers in the present invention is composed of a specific ratio of biosurfactant, lecithin, tocopherol, suspending agent, and solvent. By precisely mixing the ratio between the components, the inhibition rate of liquid evaporation can reach up to about 80%, which can effectively reduce the evaporation of pesticide-containing droplets caused by factors such as high temperature, strong light, and wind field during the application of pesticides and fertilizers.

[0039] (4) The present invention has good adhesion. The adjuvant for reducing the usage amount of pesticides and fertilizers in the present invention can effectively promote the adhesion, diffusion, and absorption of pesticides on the surface of crops or the body surface of pests, diseases, and weeds, reduce the waste of pesticide-containing droplets caused by bouncing, etc., and improve the application effect of pesticides and fertilizers.

[0040] (5) The present invention has good absorption promotion property. The adjuvant for reducing the usage amount of pesticides and fertilizers in the present invention can be quickly absorbed by plants into the body after contacting with plants, improving the absorption and utilization effect of pesticides and fertilizers.

[0041] (6) The present invention has good transport promotion property. The adjuvant for reducing the usage amount of pesticides and fertilizers in the present invention can transport the active ingredients of pesticides and fertilizers to the target sites of crops, weeds, pests, and other harmful organisms, enabling the full exertion of the biological activity of pesticides and fertilizers, thereby reducing the application amount of pesticides and fertilizers and reducing environmental pollution.

[0042] (7) The present invention has good versatility. It is composed of a specific ratio of biosurfactant, lecithin, tocopherol, suspending agent, and solvent. By precisely mixing the ratio between the components, it has good compatibility with commonly used pesticides (systemic type) and fertilizers (foliar type) on the current market. When used in combination with pesticides (systemic type) and fertilizers (foliar type) through conventional spraying or ultra-low volume spraying, it can be used for the prevention and control of pests, diseases, and weeds in grain and oil crops such as rice, corn, wheat, rapeseed, and fruit trees, vegetables, etc. Detailed implementation mode

[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise expressly stated, throughout the specification and claims, the term "including" or its variations such as "comprising" or "including" will be understood to include the stated elements or components, without excluding other elements or other components.

[0044] In addition, in order to better illustrate the present invention, numerous specific details are provided in the specific embodiments below. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention can also be implemented without certain specific details. In some embodiments, raw materials, elements, methods, means, etc. well known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail, so as to highlight the main purpose of the present invention.

[0045] In the following Examples 1 to 9, the preparation method of the pesticide adjuvant is as follows:

[0046] The bioglycolipid, lecithin, tocopherol and solvent are mixed and mechanically dispersed, and then placed in a micro-jet high-pressure homogenizing emulsifier under a pressure of 40 MPa, heated to 45-55° C. and subjected to micro-jet emulsification twice, and then the suspending agent is slowly added, and the temperature is reduced to obtain the auxiliary agent for reducing the amount of pesticides and fertilizers.

[0047] The raw materials in the present invention are all commercially available products. For example,

[0048] Rhamnolipid was purchased from Shaanxi Deguan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., product number RLMP 3450.

[0049] Sophorolipids were purchased from Hubei Zhenbo Chemical Co., Ltd., product number 148409-20-5.

[0050] Trehalose lipids were purchased from Xi'an Boliante Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0051] Soybean lecithin was purchased from Xi'an Broad Chemical Co., Ltd., product number 8002-43-5.

[0052] Hydrogenated lecithin was purchased from Jiangsu Pules Biotechnology Co., Ltd., product number 92128-87-5.

[0053] α-Tocopherol was purchased from Shanghai Haohong Biopharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., product number 10191-41-0.

[0054] α-Tocotrienol was purchased from Shanghai Huicheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd., product number 58864-81-6.

[0055] Xanthan gum was purchased from Zhonghe Chemistry (Shandong) Co., Ltd., with the product number 11138-66-2.

[0056] Arabic gum was purchased from Shaanxi Yihan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with the product number YH-000419.

[0057] Sodium alginate was purchased from Shaanxi Yihan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with the product number YH-000420.

[0058] Agar was purchased from Hubei Xinrunde Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., with the product number 9002-18-0.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] The raw material composition and parts by weight of the adjuvant for reducing the usage amounts of pesticides and fertilizers described in Examples 1 to 9 are shown in Table 1 below.

[0061] Table 1 Raw material composition of the adjuvant for reducing the usage amounts of pesticides and fertilizers in Examples 1 to 9, unit: g

[0062]

[0063]

[0064] Comparative Example 1

[0065] The difference from Example 6 is that rhamnolipid, sophorolipid, and trehalolipid are omitted and replaced with an equal amount of deionized water, and the other conditions are the same.

[0066] Comparative Example 2

[0067] The difference from Example 6 is that α-tocopherol and α-tocotrienol are omitted and replaced with an equal amount of deionized water, and the other conditions are the same.

[0068] Comparative Example 3

[0069] The difference from Example 6 is that soybean lecithin and hydrogenated lecithin are omitted and replaced with an equal amount of deionized water, and the other conditions are the same.

[0070] Comparative Example 4

[0071] The difference from Example 6 is that soybean lecithin and hydrogenated lecithin are respectively replaced with an equal amount of egg yolk lecithin and synthetic phospholipid, and the other conditions are the same.

[0072] Comparative Example 5

[0073] The difference from Example 6 is that rhamnolipid is replaced with an equal amount of sophorolipid, and the other conditions are the same.

[0074] Comparative Example 6

[0075] The difference from Example 5 is that sophorolipid is replaced with an equal amount of trehalolipid, and the other conditions are the same.

[0076] Comparative Example 7

[0077] The difference from Example 5 is that soy lecithin is replaced with an equal amount of trehalolipid, and hydrogenated lecithin is replaced with an equal amount of rhamnolipid, and the other conditions are the same.

[0078] Comparative Example 8

[0079] The difference from Example 5 is that rhamnolipid, sophorolipid, and trehalolipid are replaced with an equal amount of fatty acid methyl ester, and the other conditions are the same.

[0080] Comparative Example 9

[0081] The difference from Example 5 is that rhamnolipid, sophorolipid, and trehalolipid are replaced with an equal amount of polyoxyethylene trisiloxane, and the other conditions are the same.

[0082] Comparative Example 10

[0083] The difference from Example 5 is that rhamnolipid, sophorolipid, and trehalolipid are replaced with an equal amount of chitosan, and the other conditions are the same.

[0084] Comparative Example 11

[0085] The composition and dosage of each raw material in this comparative example are the same as those in Example 6, and the difference lies in the preparation method: simultaneously mix biosurfactant, lecithin, tocopherol, suspending agent, and solvent, and stir until the solution is uniform.

[0086] Application Example 1

[0087] To verify the physicochemical properties of the adjuvant for reducing the dosage of pesticides and fertilizers, after mixing the adjuvants obtained from Examples 1 - 9 and Comparative Examples 1 - 11, water (blank control), and pesticides into spraying solutions, the evaporation inhibition rate of the spraying solutions, surface tension (measured using a JYW - 200A automatic interfacial tensiometer), and penetration time (measured according to HG / T2575 using a standard circular canvas sheet) were tested. Each sample was measured three times and the average value was taken. The dilution factor of the adjuvant for reducing the dosage of pesticides and fertilizers in the spraying solution was 1000 - 1500 times, and it could be completely sprayed within 24 hours. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0088] Agent: 25% pymetrozine suspension concentrate (commercially available, produced by Hefei Xingyu Chemical Co., Ltd., registered dosage: 100 - 150 ml / mu, registered for soil spraying).

[0089] Auxiliary agent group: The auxiliaries prepared in Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-10 were diluted 1000 times and 1500 times respectively in the spraying liquid, and the 25% pymetrozine suspension was diluted 150 times in the spraying liquid.

[0090] Control group: The auxiliary agent prepared in Comparative Example 11 was diluted 1000 times and 2000 times, and the 25% pymetrozine suspension was diluted 150 times in the spraying liquid.

[0091] Agent control group: The 25% pymetrozine suspension was diluted 150 times in the spraying liquid.

[0092] Table 2 Performance test results of a series of spraying liquids containing auxiliaries with different reduced amounts of pesticides and fertilizers

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] As can be seen from Table 2 above, the addition of the auxiliary agent of the present invention can significantly inhibit water evaporation, reduce the surface tension of the liquid medicine, and accelerate the penetration (absorption) of the liquid medicine by plants.

[0096] The application of pesticides is greatly affected by natural conditions such as temperature, humidity, light, and the leaf structure of the plant itself. It was found in the research that if a certain index of the auxiliary agent is prominent, it may not increase the efficacy and may even affect the final exertion of the pesticide effect. In the physical and chemical performance test of Comparative Example 9, the effect on the penetration of the liquid medicine and reducing the surface tension was better than that of the examples, but in the actual field application, it was not actually helpful for reducing the amounts of pesticides and fertilizers, and even affected the effect of the pesticide.

[0097] Application Example 2

[0098] To verify the anti-drift and deposition-promoting properties of the auxiliary agent for reducing the amounts of pesticides and fertilizers, a DJI MG-1P plant protection UAV (the nozzle is Tejet XR11001VS, the flow rate is 0.45 L / min under a pressure of 0.3 MPa, and the droplet size range is 130-250 μm) was used as the spraying equipment, and the test was carried out with reference to the standard "Field Test Method for Spray Drift of Plant Protection Machinery (GB / T 24681-2009 / ISO22866:2005)".

[0099] The commercially available 30% hexaconazole suspension concentrate was mixed with the adjuvants for reducing the usage amounts of pesticides and fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-11 and water to form a spraying solution for outdoor pesticide application testing in paddy fields (at the full tillering stage, with a plant height of about 45 cm). The operating flight speed was 4 m / s, the flight height was 1.8 m from the rice canopy, and the relative flight height was 2.3 m. Pesticide application was carried out under the condition of a gentle breeze with a wind speed of 3.2 m / s - 4.5 m / s. The flight direction was perpendicular to the wind direction. At a fixed position 10 m perpendicular to the flight line and 1 m above the horizontal level in the downwind direction of the aircraft flight line, water-sensitive papers were vertically placed. For each spraying solution, 3 repeated sprays were conducted. Five 1 cm² circles were taken on each water-sensitive paper, and the average value of the number of droplets in the circles was counted to measure the amount of drift.

[0100] Droplet cards were set at the upper, middle, and lower parts of the rice in the spraying area within the spray width below the flight path. The droplets in the spraying area were collected and individually placed into corresponding sealed bags, and then taken back to the laboratory for data processing. The collected droplet collection cards were scanned one by one with a scanner, and the scanned images were analyzed through the image processing software Deposit Scan to obtain the droplet deposition amount. According to the pesticide deposition rate determination method NYT2677 - 2015, the deposition rate (i.e., pesticide utilization rate) was calculated. At the beginning and end of each group, a spraying solution prepared by mixing 30% hexaconazole suspension concentrate without adjuvant and water was used as the control area. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0101] Among them, the drift inhibition rate = (the number of drift droplets of the control agent - the number of drift droplets of the agent) / the number of drift droplets of the control agent.

[0102] The droplet deposition rate = the droplet deposition amount / the total spraying amount

[0103] Agent: 30% hexaconazole suspension concentrate (commercially available, produced by Hefei Xingyu Chemical Co., Ltd., registered dosage: 100 - 150 ml / mu, registered for soil spraying).

[0104] Adjuvant group: The adjuvants were prepared in Examples 1 - 9 and Comparative Examples 1 - 10. The addition amount of the adjuvant was 0.2% and 0.5% of the spraying solution, and the dilution multiple of 30% hexaconazole suspension concentrate in the spraying solution was 150 times.

[0105] Control group: The adjuvant was prepared in Comparative Example 11. The addition amount of the adjuvant was 0.1% and 0.6% of the spraying solution, and the dilution multiple of 30% hexaconazole suspension concentrate in the spraying solution was 150 times.

[0106] Agent control group: The dilution multiple of 30% hexaconazole suspension concentrate was 150 times, without adding adjuvant.

[0107] Table 3: Anti-drift and deposition-promoting tests of a series of spraying solutions containing different adjuvants for reducing the usage amounts of pesticides and fertilizers

[0108]

[0109]

[0110] As can be seen from Table 3, after adding the adjuvant for reducing the dosage of pesticides and fertilizers provided by the present invention, the anti-drift and deposition-promoting effects on droplets are significantly improved. The drift inhibition rate is above 80%, and the droplet deposition rate is above 60%. Compared with the case without adding the adjuvant, the droplet deposition rate is nearly doubled. Compared with the comparative examples, the drift inhibition rate and droplet deposition rate are higher than those of the comparative examples, which has an important auxiliary effect on reducing the usage amount of pesticides and fertilizers.

[0111] The drift inhibition rate and droplet deposition rate of Comparative Examples 8-9 are better than those of the examples, but in actual field applications, they do not actually help reduce the usage amount of pesticides and fertilizers, and even affect the effect of pesticides.

[0112] Application Example 3

[0113] (1) Wheat systemic foliar herbicide dosage reduction test:

[0114] To test the effect of the adjuvant for reducing the dosage of pesticides and fertilizers on the dosage reduction of pesticides (wheat systemic foliar herbicide), the Jimu EA-30X plant protection UAV (the nozzle is the CCMS-L20000 double-peak mist nozzle, and the droplet size is stabilized at 200 μm after adjustment) was used as the spraying equipment. The commercially available 43% clopyralid and florasulam suspension concentrate was mixed with the adjuvants for reducing the dosage of pesticides and fertilizers and water prepared in Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-11 to prepare 1 liter of spraying liquid respectively. The dilution concentrations of the adjuvants for reducing the dosage of pesticides and fertilizers are 0.2% and 0.5%, and all should be sprayed within 24 hours. The test was carried out in accordance with the "Guidelines for Field Efficacy Trials" GB / T 17980.40-2000.

[0115] Pesticide: 43% clopyralid and florasulam suspension concentrate (commercially available, produced by Corteva Agriscience LLC, registered dosage: 60-100 ml / acre, registered for annual broad-leaved weeds in wheat fields, registered application method: foliar spray).

[0116] Adjuvant group: The adjuvants prepared in Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-11. The contents of the adjuvants in the spraying liquid are 0.2% and 0.5% respectively, and the contents of the clopyralid and florasulam suspension concentrate in the spraying liquid are 5% (the dosage of the pesticide is 50 ml / acre, 50% reduction based on the registered maximum dosage of 100 ml / acre), 6% (the dosage of the pesticide is 60 ml / acre), and 10% (the dosage of the pesticide is 100 ml / acre) respectively.

[0117] Agent control group: 43% clopyralid + florasulam isooctyl ester suspension concentrate, without additives. The content of clopyralid + florasulam isooctyl ester suspension concentrate in the spraying solution is 5% (the dosage of the agent is 50 ml / mu, reduced by 50% from the registered maximum dosage of 100 ml / mu), 6% (the dosage of the agent is 60 ml / mu), and 10% (the dosage of the agent is 100 ml / mu) respectively.

[0118] Blank control group: Clear water + Example 6. The concentration of Example 6 in the spraying solution is 0.5%.

[0119] Each treatment was repeated 3 times, arranged in a randomized block design, with a protective row set around the perimeter. The plot area was 20 m 2 . At 15 days and 30 days after application, the number of weed plants was investigated, and the fresh weight of weeds was measured additionally at 30 days after application. Three points were sampled in each plot for investigation, and each point was 0.25 m 2 . The plant control efficacy and fresh weight control efficacy of each treatment on weeds at 15 days and 30 days after the application of the drug were calculated according to the following formula

[0120] Control efficacy (%) = (number of weed plants in the control group - number of weed plants in the treatment group) / number of weed plants in the control group × 100 Fresh weight control efficacy (%) = (fresh weight of weeds in the control group - fresh weight of weeds in the treatment group) / fresh weight of weeds in the control group × 100 Table 4 Results of the reduced-dose test of wheat systemic foliar herbicides

[0121]

[0122]

[0123]

[0124] As can be seen from Table 3 above, the addition of the adjuvant of the present invention can significantly reduce the dosage of pesticides (wheat systemic foliar herbicides), with a fast weed-killing speed and good thoroughness of weed killing. Moreover, within 30 days after application, the fresh weight control efficacy is significantly better than that of the agent without the addition of the adjuvant. At the same time, compared with other comparative examples of the present invention, a better pesticide reduction effect is achieved.

[0125] As can be seen from the above table, in the physicochemical property tests of Comparative Examples 8-9, they have better effects on improving the penetration of the liquid medicine, reducing the surface tension, drift inhibition rate, and droplet deposition rate than the Examples. However, in actual field applications, they are not actually helpful in reducing the amount of pesticides used, and even show a negative correlation, that is, as the concentration of the adjuvant increases, the control effect decreases instead. This is related to the dose effect of pesticides (increasing the pesticide dose can produce a greater effect, but after reaching the maximum effect, increasing the dose no longer increases the effect). When all pesticide products are registered, no tests are conducted with mixed adjuvants, so the registered dosages will all be greater than the actual dosages. Therefore, the Examples show little synergistic effect at the highest registered dose, only about 10%; at the lowest registered dose, the synergistic effect is significant, and it can increase by more than 20%. When the pesticide dosage is reduced by 50% according to the highest registered dose, the control effect does not decrease but increases, and even exceeds the highest registered dose, indicating that the adjuvant of the present invention has an important auxiliary effect on reducing the use amounts of pesticides and fertilizers.

[0126] At the same time, compared with other Comparative Examples of the present invention, when using the adjuvant obtained by omitting rhamnolipid (Comparative Example 1), or omitting tocopherol (Comparative Example 2), or changing the ratio of rhamnolipid, sophorolipid, and trehalolipid in the biosurfactant (Comparative Examples 5-6), or changing the ratio of biosurfactant, lecithin, and tocopherol (Comparative Example 7) together with the 43% MCPA-isooctyl ester + florasulam suspension concentrate, the quick-acting property of the control effect on weeds is reduced, and the thoroughness of weed death (fresh weight control effect) is reduced; when replacing some components in the biosurfactant (Comparative Examples 8-9), the obtained adjuvant has a relatively small impact on the quick-acting property of the control effect of the 43% MCPA-isooctyl ester + florasulam suspension concentrate on weeds, but the thoroughness of weed death (fresh weight control effect) is reduced; changing the preparation method of the adjuvant of the present invention will also reduce the quick-acting property and the thoroughness of weed death (fresh weight control effect) of the 43% MCPA-isooctyl ester + florasulam suspension concentrate on weeds.

[0127] (2) Reduction test of systemic fungicide for rice blast:

[0128] The test was carried out in a rice field of a farm in Qiaokou Town, Wangcheng District, Changsha City, Hunan Province. The test field was flat, with uniform fertility and convenient drainage and irrigation.

[0129] To test the effect of the adjuvant for reducing the use amounts of pesticides and fertilizers on the reduction of pesticides (systemic fungicide for rice blast), the commercially available 40% tricyclazole suspension concentrate was mixed with the adjuvants for reducing the use amounts of pesticides and fertilizers prepared from Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-11 and water respectively to make 15 liters of spraying liquid. The dilution multiples of the adjuvants for reducing the use amounts of pesticides and fertilizers were 1200 and 1500 times, and they could be completely sprayed within 24 hours. The test was carried out in accordance with the "Guidelines for Field Efficacy Trials" GB / T 17980.40-2000.

[0130] Agent: 40% tricyclazole suspension concentrate (commercially available, produced by Shandong Zouping Pesticide Co., Ltd., registered dosage: 40 - 50 ml / mu, registered for spraying).

[0131] Auxiliary agent group: Auxiliary agents were prepared in Examples 1 - 9 and Comparative Examples 1 - 10. The dilution factors of the auxiliary agents were 1200 and 1500 times respectively, and the dilution factors of the 40% tricyclazole suspension concentrate were 300 times (dosage of the agent 50 ml / mu), 375 times (low dosage of the agent 40 ml / mu), and 600 times (dosage of the agent 25 ml / mu, reduced by 50% based on the registered maximum dosage of 50 ml / mu).

[0132] Control group: Auxiliary agents were prepared in Comparative Example 11. The dilution factors of the auxiliary agents were 1000 and 2000 times respectively, and the dilution factors of the 40% tricyclazole suspension concentrate were 300 times (dosage of the agent 50 ml / mu), 375 times (low dosage of the agent 40 ml / mu), and 600 times (dosage of the agent 25 ml / mu, reduced by 50% based on the registered maximum dosage of 50 ml / mu).

[0133] Agent control group: 40% tricyclazole suspension concentrate, without adding auxiliary agents. The dilution factors of the 40% tricyclazole suspension concentrate were 300 times (dosage of the agent 50 ml / mu), 375 times (low dosage of the agent 40 ml / mu), and 600 times (dosage of the agent 25 ml / mu, reduced by 50% based on the registered maximum dosage of 50 ml / mu).

[0134] Blank control group: Water + Example 6. The dilution factor of Example 6 was 1200 times

[0135] The area of each plot was 66.7 m 2 , repeated 3 times; The methods for investigating the drug efficacy before and after spraying were as follows: Randomly sample 5 points in the test treatment area, grade the disease according to the relevant national field test standards, and calculate the control efficacy.

[0136] Disease grading standard:

[0137] Grade 0: No disease spots;

[0138] Grade 1: The disease spot area accounts for less than 5% of the entire leaf area;

[0139] Grade 3: The disease spot area accounts for 6% - 10% of the entire leaf area;

[0140] Grade 5: The disease spot area accounts for 11% - 25% of the entire leaf area;

[0141] Grade 7: The disease spot area accounts for 26% - 50% of the entire leaf area;

[0142] Grade 9: The disease spot area accounts for more than 50% of the entire leaf area.

[0143] Disease index = 100 × Σ (number of diseased leaves at each level × representative value at each level) / (total number of leaves surveyed × representative value at the highest level)

[0144] Control effect (%) = (disease index in the control area - disease index in the treatment area) / disease index in the treatment area × 100

[0145] Table 5 Results of the reduction test of systemic fungicides for rice blast

[0146]

[0147]

[0148]

[0149]

[0150] As can be seen from Table 5 above, the addition of the adjuvant of the present invention can significantly reduce the dosage of pesticides (systemic fungicides for rice blast). When the pesticide dosage is reduced by 50% according to the highest registered dose, the control effect is significantly better than that of the agent without adding the adjuvant and is equivalent to the control effect at the highest registered dose. At the same time, compared with other comparative examples of the present invention, a better pesticide reduction effect is achieved.

[0151] At the same time, compared with other comparative examples of the present invention, when the coadjuvant obtained by omitting biosurfactant (Comparative Example 1), or omitting tocopherol (Comparative Example 2), or changing the ratio of rhamnolipid, sophorolipid, trehalolipid in biosurfactant (Comparative Examples 5 - 6), or changing the ratio of biosurfactant, lecithin, tocopherol (Comparative Example 7) is used together with 40% tricyclazole SC, the control effect on rice blast is reduced; when the coadjuvant obtained by replacing some components in biosurfactant (Comparative Examples 8 - 10) is used together with 40% tricyclazole SC, the control effect on rice blast is reduced, especially for Comparative Examples 8 - 9, and even shows a negative correlation, that is, as the concentration of the adjuvant increases, the control effect decreases instead; changing the preparation method of the coadjuvant of the present invention will also reduce the control effect of 40% tricyclazole SC on rice blast.

[0152] (III) Reduction test of systemic insecticides for Spodoptera exigua in vegetables:

[0153] To test the effect of the adjuvant for reducing the dosage of pesticides and fertilizers on the reduction of pesticides (insecticides for Spodoptera exigua in cabbage), 15 liters of spraying liquid were respectively prepared by mixing the commercially available 5% chlorantraniliprole SC with the adjuvants for reducing the dosage of pesticides and fertilizers prepared in Examples 1 - 9 and Comparative Examples 1 - 11 and water. The dilution multiples of the adjuvants for reducing the dosage of pesticides and fertilizers were 1200 and 1500 times, and they could be completely sprayed within 24 hours. The test was carried out in accordance with the "Guidelines for field efficacy trials" GB / T17980.40 - 2000.

[0154] Agent: 5% Chlorantraniliprole Suspension Concentrate (commercially available, produced by FMC Corporation, USA, registered dosage: 30 - 55 mL / mu, registered for Spodoptera exigua on cabbage, registered application method: spraying).

[0155] Auxiliary agent group: The auxiliary agents were prepared in Examples 1 - 9 and Comparative Examples 1 - 10. The dilution factors of the auxiliary agents were 1200 and 1500 times, and the dilution factors of the 5% Chlorantraniliprole Suspension Concentrate were 272 times (dosage of the agent: 55 mL / mu), 500 times (dosage of the agent: 30 mL / mu), and 600 times (dosage of the agent: 25 mL / mu, a 54.5% reduction from the registered maximum dosage of 55 mL / mu).

[0156] Control group: The auxiliary agent was prepared in Comparative Example 11. The dilution factors of the auxiliary agent were 1000 and 2000 times, and the dilution factors of the 5% Chlorantraniliprole Suspension Concentrate were 272 times (dosage of the agent: 55 mL / mu), 500 times (dosage of the agent: 30 mL / mu), and 600 times (dosage of the agent: 25 mL / mu, a 54.5% reduction from the registered maximum dosage of 55 mL / mu).

[0157] Agent control group: The dilution factors of the 5% Chlorantraniliprole Suspension Concentrate were 272 times (dosage of the agent: 55 mL / mu), 500 times (dosage of the agent: 30 mL / mu), and 600 times (dosage of the agent: 25 mL / mu, a 54.5% reduction from the registered maximum dosage of 55 mL / mu).

[0158] Blank control group: Clear water + Example 6, and the dilution factor of Example 6 was 1200 times.

[0159] Control effect % = [(Insect population reduction rate in treatment area - Insect population reduction rate in blank control area) / (100 - Insect population reduction rate in blank control area)] × 100

[0160] Table 6 Results of the reduction test of systemic insecticides for Spodoptera exigua on vegetables

[0161]

[0162]

[0163]

[0164]

[0165] As can be seen from Table 6 above, the addition of the auxiliary agent of the present invention can significantly reduce the dosage of pesticides (insecticides for Spodoptera exigua on cabbage). When the pesticide dosage is reduced by 54.5% from the registered maximum dosage, the control effect is significantly better than that of the agent without adding the auxiliary agent and is equivalent to the control effect at the registered maximum dosage. At the same time, compared with other comparative examples of the present invention, a better pesticide reduction effect is achieved.

[0166] Application Example 4

[0167] Potato systemic amino acid-rich selenium-containing water-soluble fertilizer reduction test:

[0168] To test the effect of the adjuvant composition on assisting the absorption, conduction, and transportation of fertilizers, 15 liters of spraying solutions were respectively prepared by mixing the commercially available 5 g / L amino acid-rich selenium-containing water-soluble fertilizer with the adjuvants prepared in Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-11 for reducing the dosage of pesticides and fertilizers and water. The dilution multiples of the adjuvants for reducing the dosage of pesticides and fertilizers were 1200 and 1500 times, and all were sprayed within 24 hours.

[0169] Fertilizer: 5 g / L amino acid-rich selenium-containing water-soluble fertilizer (commercially available, produced by Wuhan Huaxi Biotechnology Co., Ltd., registered dosage: 150 - 200 ml / mu).

[0170] Adjuvant group: The adjuvants were prepared in Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-10, and the dilution multiples of the adjuvants in the spraying solution were 1200 and 1500 times; the adjuvant was prepared in Comparative Example 11, and the dilution multiples of the adjuvant in the spraying solution were 1000 and 2000 times. The 5 g / L amino acid-rich selenium-containing water-soluble fertilizer (commercially available, produced by Wuhan Huaxi Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) had dilution multiples of 272 times (fertilizer application dosage of 200 ml / mu), 500 times (fertilizer application dosage of 150 ml / mu), and 600 times (fertilizer application dosage of 100 ml / mu, 50% reduction based on the registered maximum dosage of 200 ml / mu).

[0171] Agent control group: Amino acid-rich selenium-containing water-soluble fertilizer without adding adjuvant. The 5 g / L amino acid-rich selenium-containing water-soluble fertilizer (commercially available, produced by Wuhan Huaxi Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) had dilution multiples of 75 times (fertilizer application dosage of 200 ml / mu), 100 times (fertilizer application dosage of 150 ml / mu), and 150 times (fertilizer application dosage of 100 ml / mu, 50% reduction based on the registered maximum dosage of 200 ml / mu).

[0172] Blank control group: Clear water plus Example 6, and the dilution multiple of Example 6 in the spraying solution was 1200 times.

[0173] 48 hours after the foliar spraying of the amino acid-rich selenium-containing water-soluble fertilizer, three points were sampled in each plot, mixed, and taken back indoors. After washing the samples respectively, they were put into an oven, dried at 60 °C for 4 hours, crushed, passed through a 0.425 mm sieve, and put into a clean sealed bag for standby. Exactly 0.5 g of the above samples was weighed, put into a digestion tank, 5 ml of nitric acid, 1 ml of hydrogen peroxide, and 0.1 ml of hydrofluoric acid were added, and then put into a microwave digestion device for digestion.

[0174] Sample and standard solution determination: Under optimized instrument conditions, edit the determination method, introduce an online internal standard, and observe the sensitivity of the internal standard calibration element. Sequentially introduce the standard solution blank, standard solution, sample blank, and sample solution. Edit the calibration file, select yttrium ( 82 Y) as the internal standard calibration element, and the instrument automatically calculates the concentration of selenium in the sample according to the calibration equation. When editing the method, select the isotope of selenium with a relative atomic mass of 82 ( 82 Se) for determination, select yttrium ( 82 Y) as the internal standard calibration element, and introduce the interference correction equation for selenium element:

[0175] 82 Se = 82 Se - 82 Kr × 1.0087

[0176] Table 7 Results of the reduction test of potato systemic amino acid-rich selenium-containing water-soluble fertilizer

[0177]

[0178]

[0179]

[0180]

[0181] As can be seen from the above table, the addition of the adjuvant of the present invention can significantly reduce the dosage of the fertilizer (potato systemic amino acid-rich selenium-containing water-soluble fertilizer), and the absorption, transportation, and conduction of selenium by potatoes are extremely significant. Moreover, within 48 hours after spraying, the selenium content in potato tubers is significantly better than that of the medicament without adding the adjuvant. At the same time, compared with other comparative examples of the present invention, a better fertilizer reduction effect is achieved.

[0182] In the physicochemical property tests of Comparative Examples 8 - 9, the effects of improving the penetration of the liquid medicine, reducing the surface tension, drift inhibition rate, and droplet deposition rate are better than those of the examples. However, in the actual field application, it has no practical help in reducing the fertilizer dosage and promoting the absorption of the fertilizer by plants, and even shows a negative correlation, that is, as the concentration of the adjuvant increases, the absorption of the fertilizer by plants decreases instead. This is related to the fertilizer dose effect (increasing the fertilizer dose can produce a greater effect, but after reaching the maximum effect, increasing the dose no longer increases the effect). Selenium is difficult to be absorbed by plants and move in the plant body. The examples all show a significant effect of promoting the absorption of selenium by plants and its movement in the body when at the recommended maximum dose, recommended minimum dose, and when reducing the recommended maximum dose by 50%, indicating that the adjuvant of the present invention has an important auxiliary effect on reducing the usage amounts of pesticides and fertilizers.

[0183] Meanwhile, compared with other comparative examples of the present invention, when the auxiliary agent obtained by omitting biosurfactant (Comparative Example 1), or omitting tocopherol (Comparative Example 2), or changing the ratio of rhamnolipid, sophorolipid, and trehalolipid in the biosurfactant (Comparative Examples 5-6), or changing the ratio of biosurfactant, lecithin, and tocopherol (Comparative Example 7) is used together with the 5 g / L amino acid-rich selenium-containing water-soluble fertilizer, the absorption rate and absorption amount of selenium by plants are significantly reduced; replacing some components in the biosurfactant (Comparative Examples 8-10), the obtained auxiliary agent will affect the absorption rate and absorption amount of the 5 g / L amino acid-rich selenium-containing water-soluble fertilizer by plants; changing the preparation method of the auxiliary agent of the present invention will also reduce the absorption rate and absorption amount of the 5 g / L amino acid-rich selenium-containing water-soluble fertilizer by plants.

[0184] (IV) Reduction test of water-soluble fertilizer with macronutrients for systemic absorption in corn:

[0185] The test plot was set in the Chahayang Farm of the Heilongjiang Land Reclamation Bureau. The soil was meadow albic soil with soil organic matter of 4.1%, available nitrogen of 479.3 mg / kg, available phosphorus of 146.1 mg / kg, and available potassium of 225.5 mg / kg. The corn variety was Demeya No. 3, and the previous crop was corn. 15 liters of spraying liquid were respectively prepared by mixing the commercially available 422 g / L liquid nitrogen fertilizer with the auxiliary agents prepared in Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-11 for reducing the amount of pesticides and fertilizers and water.

[0186] This test adopted a randomized block design with 3 replicates. The area of each plot was 667 m². The 422 g / L liquid nitrogen fertilizer with different treatments was sprayed at the 6-leaf stage of corn, and the yield was measured by plot at harvest.

[0187] Fertilizer: 422 g / L liquid nitrogen fertilizer (commercially available, from Yougan Tuozhan Co., Ltd., USA, registered application rate: 150 - 200 g / mu).

[0188] Auxiliary agent group: The auxiliary agents were prepared in Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-10. The dilution multiples of the auxiliary agents in the spraying liquid were 1200 and 1500 times; the auxiliary agent was prepared in Comparative Example 11, and the dilution multiples of the auxiliary agent in the spraying liquid were 1000 and 2000 times. The dilution multiple of the 422 g / L liquid nitrogen fertilizer in the spraying liquid was 75 times (fertilizer application dose was 200 g / mu), 100 times (fertilizer application dose was 150 g / mu), and 125 times (fertilizer application dose was 120 g / mu, 40% reduction from the recommended maximum dose of 200 g / mu).

[0189] Agent control group: 422 g / L liquid nitrogen fertilizer without adding auxiliary agent. The dilution multiples of the 422 g / L liquid nitrogen fertilizer in the spraying liquid were 75 times (fertilizer application dose was 200 g / mu), 100 times (fertilizer application dose was 150 g / mu), and 125 times (fertilizer application dose was 120 g / mu, 40% reduction from the recommended maximum dose of 200 g / mu).

[0190] Blank control group: clear water + Example 6, with the dilution multiple of Example 6 being 1200 times.

[0191] Table 8 Results of the reduction test of macronutrient water-soluble fertilizer for corn

[0192]

[0193]

[0194]

[0195]

[0196] As can be seen from Table 8 above, the addition of the adjuvant of the present invention can significantly reduce the dosage of the fertilizer (macronutrient water-soluble fertilizer for corn), and the corn yield increase is significant. After spraying, the corn yield is significantly better than that of the medicament without adding the adjuvant. At the same time, compared with other comparative examples of the present invention, a better fertilizer reduction effect is achieved.

[0197] At the same time, compared with other comparative examples of the present invention, when the auxiliary agent obtained by omitting rhamnolipid (Comparative Example 1), or omitting tocopherol (Comparative Example 2), or changing the ratio of rhamnolipid, sophorolipid, and trehalolipid in the biosurfactant (Comparative Examples 5-6), or changing the ratio of biosurfactant, lecithin, and tocopherol (Comparative Example 7) is used together with 422 g / L liquid nitrogen fertilizer, the absorption of nitrogen fertilizer by plants (yield increase effect) is significantly reduced; replacing some components in the biosurfactant (Comparative Examples 8-10), the obtained auxiliary agent will affect the absorption of 422 g / L liquid nitrogen fertilizer by plants; changing the preparation method of the auxiliary agent of the present invention will also reduce the absorption amount of 422 g / L liquid nitrogen fertilizer by plants.

[0198] (IV) Reduction test of soybean contact herbicide:

[0199] To test the effect of the adjuvant for reducing the dosage of pesticides and fertilizers on the reduction of pesticides (soybean contact herbicide), a commercially available 440 g / L acifluorfen-sodium bentazone aqueous solution was respectively mixed with the adjuvants for reducing the dosage of pesticides and fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-11 and water to make 15 liters of spraying liquid. The dilution multiples of the adjuvants for reducing the dosage of pesticides and fertilizers are 1200 and 1500 times, and it can be completely sprayed within 24 hours. According to the "Guidelines for Field Efficacy Trials"

[0200] GB / T17980.40 2000 was used for the test.

[0201] Agent: Acifluorfen-sodium and bentazone 440 g / L aqueous solution (commercially available, produced by Hefei Xingyu Chemical Co., Ltd., registered dosage: 125 - 150 mL / mu, registered for annual broad-leaved weeds in spring soybean fields, registered application method: foliar spray).

[0202] Auxiliary agent group: The auxiliary agents prepared in Examples 1 - 9 and Comparative Examples 1 - 10, dilution multiples are 1200 and 1500 times; the auxiliary agent prepared in Comparative Example 11, dilution multiples are 1000 and 2000 times; the dilution multiple of 440 g / L acifluorfen-sodium and bentazone aqueous solution in the spraying liquid is 100 times (application dosage of the agent is 150 mL / mu), 120 times (application dosage of the agent is 125 mL / mu), 150 times (application dosage of the agent is 100 mL / mu, 33% reduction compared to the registered maximum dosage).

[0203] Agent control group: 440 g / L acifluorfen-sodium and bentazone aqueous solution, without adding auxiliary agent, the dilution multiple of 440 g / L acifluorfen-sodium and bentazone aqueous solution in the spraying liquid is 100 times (application dosage of the agent is 150 mL / mu), 120 times (application dosage of the agent is 125 mL / mu), 150 times (application dosage of the agent is 100 mL / mu, 33% reduction compared to the registered maximum dosage).

[0204] Blank control group: Clear water + Example 6, the dilution multiple of Example 6 is 1200 times.

[0205] Each treatment has 3 replicates, arranged in a randomized block design, with a protection row set around, and the plot area is 20 m 2 ². The number of weed plants is investigated 7 days and 15 days after spraying, and the fresh weight of weeds is additionally measured 15 days after spraying. Sampling is carried out at 3 points in each plot, and each point is 0.25 m 2 ². Calculate the control effect on the number of weed plants and fresh weight of weeds for each treatment 15 days and 30 days after applying the drug according to the following formula.

[0206] Control effect (%) = (Number of weed plants in the control group - Number of weed plants in the treatment group) / Number of weed plants in the control group × 100

[0207] Fresh weight control effect (%) = (Fresh weight of weeds in the control group - Fresh weight of weeds in the treatment group) / Fresh weight of weeds in the control group × 100

[0208] Table 9 Results of the reduction test of soybean contact herbicides

[0209]

[0210]

[0211]

[0212]

[0213] As can be seen from the above table, in the embodiments of the present invention, when the highest registered dose, the lowest registered dose, and a 33.3% reduction from the highest registered dose are used, the weed-killing speed is fast, the thoroughness of weed-killing is good, and within 15 days after the application of the drug, the fresh weight control effect is significantly better than that of the drug without the addition of the adjuvant. At the same time, compared with other comparative examples of the present invention, it shows a certain synergistic effect on contact pesticides (soybean contact herbicides).

[0214] When Examples 1-9 are mixed with contact pesticides (soybean contact herbicides), the control effect shows a negative correlation with the increase in the concentration of the adjuvant - that is, as the concentration of the adjuvant increases, the control effect decreases instead. This further verifies that different types of pesticides (contact type, systemic type) have different requirements for adjuvants. Different components and ratios in the adjuvant will also affect the control effects of different types of pesticides.

[0215] Compared with Comparative Examples 8-9, under the condition of reducing the pesticide dosage, the adjuvant of the present invention is superior to the comparative examples. Under the normal dosage of pesticides, the control effect of adding the adjuvant of the present invention is weaker than that of Comparative Examples 8-9. This further verifies that different types of pesticides (contact type, systemic type) have different requirements for adjuvants.

[0216] As can be seen from the above table, in the physicochemical property tests, Comparative Examples 8-9 are superior to the examples in improving the penetration of the liquid medicine, reducing the surface tension, drift inhibition rate, and droplet deposition rate. However, in the actual field application, the adhesion, penetration, spreading, and control effect after mixing with contact pesticides under the normal dosage are also superior to the examples, but it has no actual help for the effect of reducing the pesticide dosage. To achieve the reduction of pesticides and fertilizers, there are not only adhesion, penetration, and spreading, but also absorption, conduction, and transportation, etc. The current existing technologies mainly focus on the research of the deposition of pesticides and fertilizers on plant leaves, and there is less research on the absorption, conduction, and transportation after deposition. Therefore, the current existing adjuvants can only increase the efficacy under the normal dosage of pesticides and fertilizers, and cannot reduce the dosage of pesticides and fertilizers. This shows that the adjuvant of the present invention has an important auxiliary effect on reducing the usage amount of pesticides and fertilizers.

[0217] In summary, the present invention comprehensively considers the usage scenarios of pesticides (systemic type) and fertilizers, and is composed of a specific ratio of biosurfactant, lecithin, tocopherol, suspending agent, and solvent. By precisely mixing the ratios between the components, mutual synergistic effects are achieved, which has an important auxiliary effect on reducing the usage amount of pesticides and fertilizers.

[0218] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant, characterized in that, Comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: Biosurfactant 3 - 40 parts by weight, Lecithin 0.5 - 5 parts by weight, Tocopherol 0.2 - 2.5 parts by weight, Suspending agent 0.2 - 2 parts by weight, Solvent 20 - 93 parts by weight; The weight ratio of the biosurfactant, lecithin, and tocopherol is (5.5 - 8)∶1∶(0.3 - 0.8); The biosurfactant is selected from one or more of rhamnolipid, sophorolipid, and trehalolipid, wherein the weight ratio of rhamnolipid, sophorolipid, and trehalolipid is 1:(4 - 5):1; The lecithin is selected from one or more of soy lecithin and hydrogenated lecithin; wherein the weight ratio of soy lecithin and hydrogenated lecithin is (0 - 4.8):(0 - 4.4); The tocopherol is D - tocopherol, selected from one or more of D - α - tocopherol and D - α - tocotrienol, wherein the weight ratio of D - α - tocopherol and D - α - tocotrienol is 1:(0.2 - 10).

2. The pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant according to claim 1, characterized in that, Comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: Biosurfactant 6 - 35 parts by weight, lecithin 0.8 - 4.8 parts by weight, tocopherol 0.4 - 2.4 parts by weight, suspending agent 0.2 - 2 parts by weight, solvent 20 - 93 parts by weight.

3. The pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant according to claim 1, characterized in that, Comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: Biosurfactant 11.2 - 31.7 parts by weight, lecithin 1.6 - 4.4 parts by weight, tocopherol 1 - 2.2 parts by weight, suspending agent 0.8 - 1.8 parts by weight, solvent 20 - 90 parts by weight.

4. The pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant according to claim 1, characterized in that, Comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: Biosurfactant 19 - 27 parts by weight, lecithin 3.2 - 3.8 parts by weight, tocopherol 1.3 - 1.9 parts by weight, suspending agent 1 - 1.6 parts by weight, solvent 30 - 85.6 parts by weight.

5. The pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of the biosurfactant, lecithin, and tocopherol is (6.5 - 8)∶1∶(0.45 - 0.65).

6. The pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of the biosurfactant, lecithin, and tocopherol is (7 - 7.5)∶1∶(0.5 - 0.63).

7. The pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of the biosurfactant, lecithin, and tocopherol is (7.1 - 7.4)∶1∶0.

5.

8. The pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solvent is 55.8 - 92.6 parts by weight.

9. The pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solvent is 59.9 - 85.6 parts by weight.

10. The pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solvent is 59.9 - 85.6 parts by weight.

11. The pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solvent is 65.7 - 76.1 parts by weight.

12. The pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the biosurfactant, the weight ratio of rhamnolipid, sophorolipid, and trehalolipid is 1:(4.3 - 4.8):

1.

13. The pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the lecithin, the weight ratio of soy lecithin and hydrogenated lecithin is 1:(0.3 - 4).

14. The pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the lecithin, the weight ratio of soy lecithin and hydrogenated lecithin is 1:(0.5 - 3.4).

15. The pesticide or fertilizer adjuvant according to claim 1, wherein In the tocopherol, the weight ratio of D - α - tocopherol and D - α - tocotrienol is 1:(0.2 - 1).

16. The pesticide or fertilizer adjuvant according to claim 1, wherein In the tocopherol, the weight ratio of D - α - tocopherol and D - α - tocotrienol is 1:(0.2 - 0.6).

17. The pesticide or fertilizer adjuvant according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein The suspending agent is selected from one or more of xanthan gum, sorbitol, gum arabic, sodium alginate, agar, and methylcellulose.

18. The pesticide or fertilizer adjuvant according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein In the suspending agent, the weight ratio of xanthan gum, gum arabic, sodium alginate, and agar is (0 to 1.5):(0 to 0.4):(0 to 0.4):(0 to 0.2).

19. The pesticide or fertilizer adjuvant according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein The suspending agent includes xanthan gum and gum arabic, and the weight ratio is (2.5 to 4):

1.

20. The pesticide or fertilizer adjuvant according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein The solvent is deionized water.

21. The pesticide or fertilizer adjuvant according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein Water accounts for 40% to 95% of the weight of the solvent.

22. The pesticide or fertilizer adjuvant according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein Water accounts for 55% to 93% of the weight of the solvent.

23. The pesticide or fertilizer adjuvant according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein Water accounts for 55.8% to 92.6% of the weight of the solvent.

24. The pesticide or fertilizer adjuvant according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein Water accounts for 59.9% to 85.6% of the weight of the solvent.

25. The pesticide or fertilizer adjuvant according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein Water accounts for 65.7% to 76.1% of the weight of the solvent.

26. A method for preparing the pesticide or fertilizer adjuvant according to any one of claims 1 to 25, wherein It includes: After mixing and dispersing biosurfactant, lecithin, tocopherol, and the solvent, microfluidic emulsification is carried out, and then a suspending agent is added to obtain the pesticide or fertilizer adjuvant.

27. The preparation method according to claim 26, wherein The microfluidic emulsification method is: under the condition of a pressure of 40 Mpa, heat to 45 to 55 °C and carry out microfluidic emulsification twice.

28. The preparation method according to claim 26, wherein The microfluidic emulsification is carried out in a microfluidic high-pressure homogenizing emulsifier.

29. The preparation method according to claim 26, wherein The suspending agent is added slowly.

30. A pesticide or fertilizer composition, which comprises a herbicidal pesticide or fertilizer active ingredient, and the pesticide or fertilizer adjuvant according to any one of claims 1 to 25 or the pesticide or fertilizer adjuvant prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 26 to 29.

31. The pesticide or fertilizer composition according to claim 30, whereinThe effective ingredient of the pesticide or fertilizer is selected from one or more of systemic insecticides, systemic fungicides, systemic herbicides, and water-soluble fertilizers.

32. The pesticide or agricultural fertilizer composition according to claim 30, wherein, The effective ingredient of the pesticide or fertilizer is selected from one or more of imidacloprid, pymetrozine, chlorantraniliprole, thiamethoxam, tebuconazole, hexaconazole, penoxsulam, cyhalofop-butyl, and water-soluble fertilizers.

33. A method for using a pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 25, or a pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant prepared by the preparation method as claimed in any one of claims 26 to 29, or a pesticide or agricultural fertilizer composition as claimed in any one of claims 30 to 32, wherein, The pesticide or fertilizer adjuvant and the effective ingredient of the pesticide or fertilizer are diluted with water into a spraying solution and applied by spraying.

34. The method for use according to claim 33, wherein, In the spraying solution of the pesticide or fertilizer adjuvant and the herbicide, according to different spraying methods, the spraying solution is divided into a spraying solution in which the pesticide or fertilizer adjuvant accounts for 0.2% to 0.5% of the weight of the spraying solution, or a spraying solution in which the pesticide or fertilizer adjuvant is diluted 1000 to 1500 times.

35. Use of a pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 25, or a pesticide or agricultural fertilizer adjuvant prepared by the preparation method as claimed in any one of claims 26 to 29 in the preparation of a pesticide or agricultural fertilizer composition.

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