Inter-frequency positioning reference signal for positioning during a measurement period

Abstract

In one aspect, the BS transmits PRS on a first frequency domain resource during a measurement period. The UE measures the PRS and transmits RS-P (e.g., SRS-P) on a second frequency domain resource that does not overlap in frequency with the first frequency domain resource.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This patent application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 058,647, filed July 30, 2020, entitled “INTER-FREQUENCY SOUNDING REFERENCE SIGNAL FOR POSITIONING DURING A MEASUREMENT GAP,” and U.S. Non-Provisional Application No. 17 / 347,090, filed June 14, 2021, entitled “INTER-FREQUENCY SOUNDING REFERENCE SIGNAL FOR POSITIONING DURING A MEASUREMENT GAP,” both of which have been assigned to the assignee of this application and whose entire contents are expressly incorporated herein by reference.

[0003] Background of this disclosure 1. Technical Field

[0005] This disclosure relates generally to wireless communication, and more specifically to inter-frequency detection reference signals (SRS-P) used for positioning during measurement intervals.

[0006] 2. Description of related technologies

[0007] Wireless communication systems have evolved through several generations, including first-generation analog radiotelephone service (1G), second-generation (2G) digital radiotelephone service (including the transitional 2.5G network), third-generation (3G) high-speed data, wireless services supporting the Internet, and fourth-generation (4G) services (e.g., LTE or WiMax). Currently, many different types of wireless communication systems are in use, including cellular and Personal Communication Services (PCS) systems. Known examples of cellular systems include cellular analog Advanced Mobile Phone Systems (AMPS), and digital cellular systems based on Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), and TDMA-based Global System for Mobile Access (GSM) variants.

[0008] The fifth-generation (5G) wireless standard, known as New Radio (NR), delivers improvements such as higher data transmission speeds, greater connection capacity, and better coverage. According to the Next Generation Mobile Networks Alliance (NGC), the 5G standard is designed to provide tens of megabits per second (Mbps) of data to each of tens of thousands of users, and 1 gigabit per second (Gbps) to dozens of employees in an office. To support the deployment of numerous wireless sensors, it should support hundreds of thousands of simultaneous connections. Therefore, the spectral efficiency of 5G mobile communications should be significantly improved compared to the current 4G standard. Furthermore, signaling efficiency should be improved and latency should be significantly reduced compared to the current standard. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The following is a brief summary of one or more aspects of this disclosure. Therefore, this summary should not be considered an exhaustive overview of all hypothetical aspects, nor should it be considered as identifying key or essential elements concerning all hypothetical aspects or depicting the scope associated with any particular aspect. Accordingly, the sole purpose of the following summary is to present, in a concise form, certain concepts relating to one or more aspects of the mechanisms disclosed herein, prior to the detailed description that follows.

[0010] In one aspect, a method of operating a user equipment (UE) includes receiving configurations of a plurality of frequency domain resources from a base station, wherein each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with a bandwidth and a subcarrier spacing (SCS); receiving from the base station a PRS configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (PRS) on a first frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; receiving from the base station a first RS-P configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (RS-P) on a second frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; performing one or more positioning measurements on the PRS on the first frequency domain resource during a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource; and transmitting the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource during the measurement period.

[0011] In some aspects, the RS-P configuration corresponds to the SRS-P configuration for configuring the probe RS-P (SRS-P).

[0012] In some respects, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0013] In some respects, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource do not overlap in frequency.

[0014] In some respects, the measurement period corresponds to the measurement interval (MG).

[0015] In some aspects, at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency bands, or at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency layers, or at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of component carriers (CCs).

[0016] In some aspects, at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a bandwidth portion (BWP).

[0017] In some aspects, the UE is configured to perform round-trip time (RTT) measurements based on the PRS and the RS-P.

[0018] In some aspects, the method includes receiving a message indicating an explicit association between the PRS and the RS-P, wherein the explicit association is from the PRS to the RS-P or from the measurement period to the RS-P.

[0019] In some aspects, the association between the PRS and the RS-P is implicitly based on the following: the measurement period is configured on the first frequency domain resource without a corresponding measurement period configured on the second frequency domain resource; or the RS-P is an initial RS-P on any of the plurality of frequency domain resources following the PRS on the first frequency domain resource; or the first and second frequency domain resources are associated with the same corresponding timing advance group (TAG); or there is a predefined association between the PRS on the first frequency domain resource and the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource; or any combination thereof.

[0020] In some aspects, the method includes receiving a second RS-P configuration that transforms the RS-P from the second frequency domain resource to a different frequency domain resource associated with the same timing advance group (TAG) relationship.

[0021] In some aspects, the second RS-P configuration disables the second frequency domain resource, enables another frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

[0022] In one aspect, a method of operating a base station includes sending to a user equipment (UE) a configuration of a plurality of frequency domain resources, wherein each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with a bandwidth and a subcarrier spacing (SCS); sending to the UE a PRS configuration that configures a positioning reference signal (PRS) on a first frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; sending to the UE an RS-P configuration that configures a positioning reference signal (RS-P) on a second frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; sending the PRS to the UE during a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource; and performing one or more positioning measurements on the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource during the measurement period.

[0023] In some aspects, the RS-P configuration corresponds to the SRS-P configuration for configuring the probe RS-P (SRS-P).

[0024] In some respects, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0025] In some respects, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource do not overlap in frequency.

[0026] In some respects, the measurement period corresponds to the measurement interval (MG).

[0027] In some aspects, the method includes sending instructions to at least one neighboring base station regarding some or all of the RS-P configuration to facilitate one or more positioning measurements of the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource via the at least one neighboring base station.

[0028] In some aspects, the method includes sending instructions to the Location Management Function (LMF) regarding some or all of the RS-P configuration.

[0029] In some aspects, the method includes receiving a message from a location management function (LMF), wherein the RS-P configuration, in response to the message, configures the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource.

[0030] In some aspects, the message requests that the RS-P be moved to a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource, or that the message requests that the RS-P be configured within a threshold time amount following the PRS, or that the message requests that the RS-P be configured on a frequency domain resource different from the PRS, or that the message requests that the RS-P be configured on the second frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

[0031] In some aspects, at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency bands, or at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency layers, or at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of component carriers (CCs).

[0032] In some aspects, at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a bandwidth portion (BWP).

[0033] In some aspects, the UE is configured to perform round-trip time (RTT) measurements based on the PRS and the RS-P.

[0034] In some aspects, the method includes sending a message indicating an explicit association between the PRS and the RS-P, wherein the explicit association is from the PRS to the RS-P or from the measurement period to the RS-P.

[0035] In some aspects, the association between the PRS and the RS-P is implicitly based on the following: the measurement period is configured on the first frequency domain resource without a corresponding measurement period configured on the second frequency domain resource; or the RS-P is an initial RS-P on any of the plurality of frequency domain resources following the PRS on the first frequency domain resource; or the first and second frequency domain resources are associated with the same corresponding timing advance group (TAG); or there is a predefined association between the PRS on the first frequency domain resource and the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource; or any combination thereof.

[0036] In some aspects, the method includes sending a second RS-P configuration that transforms the RS-P from the second frequency domain resource to a different frequency domain resource associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0037] In some aspects, the second RS-P configuration disables the second frequency domain resource, enables another frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

[0038] In one aspect, a user equipment (UE) includes a memory; at least one transceiver; and at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory and the at least one transceiver, the at least one processor being configured to: receive configurations of a plurality of frequency domain resources from a base station via the at least one transceiver, wherein each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with a bandwidth and a subcarrier spacing (SCS); receive from the base station via the at least one transceiver a PRS configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (PRS) on a first frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; receive from the base station via the at least one transceiver a first RS-P configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (RS-P) on a second frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; perform one or more positioning measurements on the PRS on the first frequency domain resource during a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource; and transmit the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource via the at least one transceiver during the measurement period.

[0039] In some aspects, the RS-P configuration corresponds to the SRS-P configuration for configuring the probe RS-P (SRS-P).

[0040] In some respects, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0041] In some respects, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource do not overlap in frequency.

[0042] In some respects, the measurement period corresponds to the measurement interval (MG).

[0043] In some aspects, at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency bands, or at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency layers, or at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of component carriers (CCs).

[0044] In some aspects, at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a bandwidth portion (BWP).

[0045] In some aspects, the UE is configured to perform round-trip time (RTT) measurements based on the PRS and the RS-P.

[0046] In some aspects, the at least one processor is further configured to receive, via the at least one transceiver, a message indicating an explicit association between the PRS and the RS-P, wherein the explicit association is from the PRS to the RS-P or from the measurement period to the RS-P.

[0047] In some aspects, the association between the PRS and the RS-P is implicitly based on the following: the measurement period is configured on the first frequency domain resource without a corresponding measurement period configured on the second frequency domain resource; or the RS-P is an initial RS-P on any of the plurality of frequency domain resources following the PRS on the first frequency domain resource; or the first and second frequency domain resources are associated with the same corresponding timing advance group (TAG); or there is a predefined association between the PRS on the first frequency domain resource and the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource; or any combination thereof.

[0048] In some aspects, the at least one processor is further configured to receive, via the at least one transceiver, a second RS-P configuration that transforms the RS-P from the second frequency domain resource to a different frequency domain resource associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0049] In some aspects, the second RS-P configuration disables the second frequency domain resource, enables another frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

[0050] In one aspect, a base station includes a memory; at least one transceiver; and at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory and the at least one transceiver, the at least one processor being configured to: transmit to a user equipment (UE) via the at least one transceiver a configuration of a plurality of frequency domain resources, wherein each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with bandwidth and subcarrier spacing (SCS); transmit to the UE via the at least one transceiver a PRS configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (PRS) on a first frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; transmit to the UE via the at least one transceiver an RS-P configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (RS-P) on a second frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; transmit the PRS to the UE via the at least one transceiver during a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource; and perform one or more positioning measurements on the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource during the measurement period.

[0051] In some aspects, the RS-P configuration corresponds to the SRS-P configuration for configuring the probe RS-P (SRS-P).

[0052] In some respects, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0053] In some respects, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource do not overlap in frequency.

[0054] In some respects, the measurement period corresponds to the measurement interval (MG).

[0055] In some aspects, the at least one processor is further configured to: transmit instructions for some or all of the RS-P configuration to at least one neighboring base station via the at least one transceiver, so as to facilitate one or more positioning measurements of the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource by the at least one neighboring base station.

[0056] In some aspects, the at least one processor is also configured to send instructions on some or all of the RS-P configuration to the Location Management Function (LMF) via the at least one transceiver.

[0057] In some aspects, the at least one processor is further configured to receive a message from a location management function (LMF) via the at least one transceiver, wherein the RS-P configuration, in response to the message, configures the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource.

[0058] In some aspects, the message requests that the RS-P be moved to a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource, or that the message requests that the RS-P be configured within a threshold time amount following the PRS, or that the message requests that the RS-P be configured on a frequency domain resource different from the PRS, or that the message requests that the RS-P be configured on the second frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

[0059] In some aspects, at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency bands, or at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency layers, or at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of component carriers (CCs).

[0060] In some aspects, at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a bandwidth portion (BWP).

[0061] In some aspects, the UE is configured to perform round-trip time (RTT) measurements based on the PRS and the RS-P.

[0062] In some aspects, the at least one processor is further configured to: transmit a message via the at least one transceiver indicating an explicit association between the PRS and the RS-P, wherein the explicit association is from the PRS to the RS-P or from the measurement period to the RS-P.

[0063] In some respects, the association between the PRS and RS-P is implicitly based on the following: the measurement period is configured on the first frequency domain resource without a corresponding measurement period configured on the second frequency domain resource; or the RS-P is an initial RS-P on any of the plurality of frequency domain resources following the PRS on the first frequency domain resource; or the first and second frequency domain resources are associated with the same corresponding timing advance group (TAG); or there is a predefined association between the PRS on the first frequency domain resource and the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource; or any combination thereof.

[0064] In some aspects, the at least one processor is further configured to transmit via the at least one transceiver a second RS-P configuration that transforms the RS-P from the second frequency domain resource to a different frequency domain resource associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0065] In some aspects, the second RS-P configuration disables the second frequency domain resource, enables another frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

[0066] In one aspect, a user equipment (UE) includes components for receiving configurations of a plurality of frequency domain resources from a base station, wherein each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with a bandwidth and a subcarrier spacing (SCS); components for receiving from the base station a PRS configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (PRS) on a first frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; components for receiving from the base station a first RS-P configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (RS-P) on a second frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; components for performing one or more positioning measurements on the PRS on the first frequency domain resource during a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource; and components for transmitting the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource during the measurement period.

[0067] In some aspects, the RS-P configuration corresponds to the SRS-P configuration for configuring the probe RS-P (SRS-P).

[0068] In some respects, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0069] In some respects, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource do not overlap in frequency.

[0070] In some respects, the measurement period corresponds to the measurement interval (MG).

[0071] In some aspects, at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency bands, or at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency layers, or at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of component carriers (CCs).

[0072] In some aspects, at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a bandwidth portion (BWP).

[0073] In some aspects, the UE is configured to perform round-trip time (RTT) measurements based on the PRS and the RS-P.

[0074] In some aspects, the method includes components for receiving a message indicating an explicit association between the PRS and the RS-P, wherein the explicit association is from the PRS to the RS-P or from the measurement period to the RS-P.

[0075] In some respects, the association between the PRS and the RS-P is implicitly based on the following: the measurement period is configured on the first frequency domain resource without a corresponding measurement period configured on the second frequency domain resource; or the RS-P is an initial RS-P on any of the plurality of frequency domain resources following the PRS on the first frequency domain resource; or the first and second frequency domain resources are associated with the same corresponding timing advance group (TAG); or there is a predefined association between the PRS on the first frequency domain resource and the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource; or any combination thereof.

[0076] In some aspects, the method includes components for receiving a second RS-P configuration that transforms the RS-P from the second frequency domain resource to a different frequency domain resource associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0077] In some aspects, the second RS-P configuration disables the second frequency domain resource, enables another frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

[0078] In one aspect, a base station includes components for transmitting to a user equipment (UE) the configuration of a plurality of frequency domain resources, wherein each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with bandwidth and subcarrier spacing (SCS); components for transmitting to the UE a PRS configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (PRS) on a first frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; components for transmitting to the UE an RS-P configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (RS-P) on a second frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; components for transmitting the PRS to the UE during a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource; and components for performing one or more positioning measurements on the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource during the measurement period.

[0079] In some aspects, the RS-P configuration corresponds to the SRS-P configuration for configuring the probe RS-P (SRS-P).

[0080] In some respects, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0081] In some respects, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource do not overlap in frequency.

[0082] In some respects, the measurement period corresponds to the measurement interval (MG).

[0083] In some aspects, the method includes components for sending instructions to at least one neighboring base station regarding some or all of the RS-P configuration to facilitate one or more positioning measurements of the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource via the at least one neighboring base station.

[0084] In some aspects, the method includes components for sending indications of some or all of the RS-P configuration to the location management function (LMF).

[0085] In some aspects, the method includes components for receiving a message from a location management function (LMF), wherein the RS-P configuration, in response to the message, configures the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource.

[0086] In some aspects, the message requests that the RS-P be moved to the measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource, or that the message requests that the RS-P be configured within a threshold time amount following the PRS, or that the message requests that the RS-P be configured on a frequency domain resource different from the PRS, or that the message requests that the RS-P be configured on the second frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

[0087] In some aspects, at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency bands, or at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency layers, or at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of component carriers (CCs).

[0088] In some aspects, at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a bandwidth portion (BWP).

[0089] In some aspects, the UE is configured to perform round-trip time (RTT) measurements based on the PRS and the RS-P.

[0090] In some aspects, the method includes components for sending a message indicating an explicit association between the PRS and the RS-P, wherein the explicit association is from the PRS to the RS-P or from the measurement period to the RS-P.

[0091] In some respects, the association between the PRS and the RS-P is implicitly based on the following: the measurement period is configured on the first frequency domain resource without a corresponding measurement period configured on the second frequency domain resource; or the RS-P is an initial RS-P on any of the plurality of frequency domain resources following the PRS on the first frequency domain resource; or the first and second frequency domain resources are associated with the same corresponding timing advance group (TAG); or there is a predefined association between the PRS on the first frequency domain resource and the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource; or any combination thereof.

[0092] In some aspects, the method includes components for transmitting a second RS-P configuration that transforms the RS-P from the second frequency domain resource to a different frequency domain resource associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0093] In some aspects, the second RS-P configuration disables the second frequency domain resource, enables another frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

[0094] In one aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a user equipment (UE), cause the UE to: receive from a base station a configuration of a plurality of frequency domain resources, wherein each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with a bandwidth and a subcarrier spacing (SCS); receive from the base station a PRS configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (PRS) on a first frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; receive from the base station a first RS-P configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (RS-P) on a second frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; perform one or more positioning measurements on the PRS on the first frequency domain resource during a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource; and transmit the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource during the measurement period.

[0095] In some aspects, the RS-P configuration corresponds to the SRS-P configuration for configuring the probe RS-P (SRS-P).

[0096] In some respects, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0097] In some respects, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource do not overlap in frequency.

[0098] In some respects, the measurement period corresponds to the measurement interval (MG).

[0099] In some aspects, at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency bands, or at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency layers, or at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of component carriers (CCs).

[0100] In some aspects, at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a bandwidth portion (BWP).

[0101] In some aspects, the UE is configured to perform round-trip time (RTT) measurements based on the PRS and the RS-P.

[0102] In some aspects, the one or more instructions also cause the UE to: receive a message indicating an explicit association between the PRS and the RS-P, wherein the explicit association is from the PRS to the RS-P or from the measurement period to the RS-P.

[0103] In some respects, the association between the PRS and the RS-P is implicitly based on the following: the measurement period is configured on the first frequency domain resource without a corresponding measurement period configured on the second frequency domain resource; or the RS-P is an initial RS-P on any of the plurality of frequency domain resources following the PRS on the first frequency domain resource; or the first and second frequency domain resources are associated with the same corresponding timing advance group (TAG); or there is a predefined association between the PRS on the first frequency domain resource and the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource; or any combination thereof.

[0104] In some aspects, the one or more instructions also cause the UE to: receive a second RS-P configuration that transforms the RS-P from the second frequency domain resource to a different frequency domain resource associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0105] In some aspects, the second RS-P configuration disables the second frequency domain resource, enables another frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

[0106] In one aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a base station, cause the base station to: transmit to a user equipment (UE) a configuration of a plurality of frequency domain resources, wherein each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with bandwidth and subcarrier spacing (SCS); transmit to the UE a PRS configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (PRS) on a first frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; transmit to the UE an RS-P configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (RS-P) on a second frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; transmit the PRS to the UE during a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource; and perform one or more positioning measurements on the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource during the measurement period.

[0107] In some aspects, the RS-P configuration corresponds to the SRS-P configuration for configuring the probe RS-P (SRS-P).

[0108] In some respects, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0109] In some respects, the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource do not overlap in frequency.

[0110] In some respects, the measurement period corresponds to the measurement interval (MG).

[0111] In some aspects, the one or more instructions also cause the base station to: send instructions to at least one neighboring base station regarding some or all of the RS-P configuration to facilitate one or more positioning measurements of the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource by the at least one neighboring base station.

[0112] In some aspects, the one or more instructions also cause the base station to send some or all of the instructions in the RS-P configuration to the Location Management Function (LMF).

[0113] In some aspects, the one or more instructions also cause the base station to: receive a message from a location management function (LMF), wherein the RS-P configuration, in response to the message, configures the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource.

[0114] In some aspects, the message requests that the RS-P be moved to a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource, or that the message requests that the RS-P be configured within a threshold time amount following the PRS, or that the message requests that the RS-P be configured on a frequency domain resource different from the PRS, or that the message requests that the RS-P be configured on the second frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

[0115] In some aspects, at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency bands, or at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency layers, or at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of component carriers (CCs).

[0116] In some aspects, at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a bandwidth portion (BWP).

[0117] In some aspects, the UE is configured to perform round-trip time (RTT) measurements based on the PRS and the RS-P.

[0118] In some aspects, the one or more instructions also cause the base station to: send a message indicating an explicit association between the PRS and the RS-P, wherein the explicit association is from the PRS to the RS-P or from the measurement period to the RS-P.

[0119] In some respects, the association between the PRS and the RS-P is implicitly based on the following: the measurement period is configured on the first frequency domain resource without a corresponding measurement period configured on the second frequency domain resource; or the RS-P is an initial RS-P on any of the plurality of frequency domain resources following the PRS on the first frequency domain resource; or the first and second frequency domain resources are associated with the same corresponding timing advance group (TAG); or there is a predefined association between the PRS on the first frequency domain resource and the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource; or any combination thereof.

[0120] In some aspects, the one or more instructions also cause the base station to: send a second RS-P configuration that transforms the RS-P from the second frequency domain resource to a different frequency domain resource associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0121] In some aspects, the second RS-P configuration disables the second frequency domain resource, enables another frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

[0122] Based on the accompanying drawings and detailed description, other objects and advantages associated with the aspects disclosed in this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Attached Figure Description

[0123] The accompanying drawings are provided to help describe various aspects of this disclosure, and the drawings are provided only to illustrate these aspects and not to limit them.

[0124] Figure 1 An exemplary wireless communication system is shown according to various aspects.

[0125] Figure 2A and Figure 2B An example wireless network architecture is shown based on various aspects.

[0126] Figures 3A to 3C This is a simplified block diagram of several example aspects of components that can be used in wireless communication nodes and configured to support communications as taught in this article.

[0127] Figure 4A and Figure 4B This is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a frame structure and a channel within a frame structure according to aspects of this disclosure.

[0128] Figure 5 An exemplary PRS configuration for a cell supported by a wireless node is shown.

[0129] Figure 6 An exemplary wireless communication system according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown.

[0130] Figure 7 An exemplary wireless communication system according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown.

[0131] Figure 8A This is a graph illustrating the RF channel response at the receiver over time according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0132] Figure 8B This is a schematic diagram illustrating this separation of clusters in AoD.

[0133] Figure 9 A measurement gap pattern according to one aspect of this disclosure is shown.

[0134] Figure 10 A measurement gap pattern according to another aspect of this disclosure is shown.

[0135] Figures 11A-12B The MG configuration according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown.

[0136] Figure 13 An exemplary process for wireless communication according to various aspects of this disclosure is illustrated.

[0137] Figure 14 An exemplary process for wireless communication according to various aspects of this disclosure is illustrated.

[0138] Figures 15-16 The MG configuration according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown.

[0139] Figure 17 This illustrates another aspect of the disclosure. Figures 13-14 Examples of implementation methods for each process. Detailed Implementation

[0140] Aspects of this disclosure are provided in the following description and accompanying drawings with reference to the examples provided for illustrative purposes. Alternative aspects may be devised without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Additionally, well-known elements of this disclosure will not be described in detail or will be omitted so as not to obscure the relevant details of this disclosure.

[0141] As used herein, the terms “exemplary” and / or “example” mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration.” No aspect described herein as “exemplary” and / or “example” is necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects. Similarly, the term “aspects of this disclosure” does not require that all aspects of this disclosure include the discussed features, advantages, or modes of operation.

[0142] Those skilled in the art will understand that the information and signals described below can be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and processes. For example, depending in part on the specific application, in part on the desired design, in part on the corresponding technology, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout this specification can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof.

[0143] Furthermore, many aspects can be described based on, for example, a sequence of actions to be performed by elements of a computing device. It should be understood that the various actions described herein can be performed by specific circuitry (e.g., an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)), program instructions executed by one or more processors, or a combination of both. Additionally, the sequence of actions described herein can be considered entirely embodied in any form of non-transitory computer-readable storage medium in which a corresponding set of computer instructions is stored, which, when executed, causes or instructs the associated processor of the device to perform the functions described herein. Therefore, aspects of this disclosure can be embodied in a variety of different forms, all of which are contemplated within the scope of the claimed subject matter. Furthermore, for each of the aspects described herein, any corresponding form of such an aspect can be described herein as, for example, "logic configured to perform the described actions."

[0144] As used herein, unless otherwise indicated, the terms “User Equipment” (UE) and “Base Station” are not intended to be specific or otherwise limited to any particular Radio Access Technology (RAT). Generally, a UE can be any wireless communication device used by a user to communicate over a wireless communication network (e.g., mobile phone, router, tablet computer, laptop computer, tracking device, wearable device (e.g., smartwatch, glasses, augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) headset, etc.), vehicle (e.g., car, motorcycle, bicycle, etc.), Internet of Things (IoT) device, etc.). A UE can be mobile or can (e.g., at times) be stationary and can communicate with a Radio Access Network (RAN). As used herein, the term “UE” can be used interchangeably with “Access Terminal” or “AT,” “Client Equipment,” “Wireless Equipment,” “Subscriber Equipment,” “Subscriber Terminal,” “Subscriber Station,” “User Terminal” or “UT,” “Mobile Terminal,” “Mobile Station,” or variations thereof. Typically, a UE can communicate with the core network via the RAN, and through the core network, the UE can connect to external networks such as the Internet and to other UEs. Of course, other mechanisms for connecting to the core network and / or the Internet are also possible for the UE, such as wired access networks, wireless local area network (WLAN) networks (e.g., based on IEEE 802.11, etc.).

[0145] Depending on the network in which it is deployed, a base station may operate as one of several RATs communicating with the UE and may be alternatively referred to as an Access Point (AP), Network Node, NodeB, Evolved NodeB (eNB), New Radio (NR) Node B (also known as gNB or gNodeB), etc. Furthermore, in some systems, the base station may only provide edge node signaling functions, while in others it may provide additional control and / or network management functions. In some systems, the base station may correspond to a Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) or Roadside Unit (RSU). In some designs, the base station may correspond to a high-power UE (e.g., a vehicle UE or VUE) that can provide certain limited infrastructure functions. The communication link through which the UE signals to the base station is referred to as an uplink (UL) channel (e.g., reverse traffic channel, reverse control channel, access channel, etc.). The communication link through which the base station signals to the UE is referred to as a downlink (DL) or forward link channel (e.g., paging channel, control channel, broadcast channel, forward traffic channel, etc.). As used herein, the term Traffic Channel (TCH) may refer to either the UL / reverse or DL / forward traffic channel.

[0146] The term "base station" can refer to a single physical transmit-receive point (TRP) or multiple physical TRPs that may be co-located or non-co-located. For example, when the term "base station" refers to a single physical TRP, the physical TRP may be the antenna of a base station corresponding to a cell of the base station. When the term "base station" refers to multiple co-located physical TRPs, the physical TRP may be (e.g., in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system or where the base station uses beamforming) an array of antennas of the base station. When the term "base station" refers to multiple non-co-located physical TRPs, the physical TRP may be a distributed antenna system (DAS) (a network of spatially independent antennas connected to a common source via a transmission medium) or a remote radio headend (RRH) (a remote base station connected to a serving base station). Alternatively, non-co-located physical TRPs may be the serving base station from which the UE receives measurement reports and a neighboring base station through which the UE is measuring its reference RF signal. Since, as used herein, a TRP is the point through which a base station transmits and receives radio signals, references to transmissions from or receptions at a base station will be understood to refer to a specific TRP of the base station.

[0147] An “RF signal” refers to an electromagnetic wave of a given frequency that transmits information across space between a transmitter and a receiver. As used herein, a transmitter may send a single “RF signal” or multiple “RF signals” to a receiver. However, due to the propagation characteristics of RF signals through multipath channels, a receiver may receive multiple “RF signals” corresponding to each transmitted RF signal. The same transmitted RF signal on different paths between the transmitter and receiver can be referred to as a “multipath” RF signal.

[0148] According to various factors, Figure 1 An exemplary wireless communication system 100 is illustrated. The wireless communication system 100 (also referred to as a wireless wide area network (WWAN)) may include various base stations 102 and various UEs 104. Base stations 102 may include macro cell base stations (high-power cellular base stations) and / or small cell base stations (low-power cellular base stations). In one aspect, macro cell base stations may include eNBs if the wireless communication system 100 corresponds to an LTE network, or gNBs if the wireless communication system 100 corresponds to an NR network, or a combination of both, and small cell base stations may include femtocells, picocells, microcells, etc.

[0149] Base station 102 can collectively form a RAN and interface with core network 170 (e.g., Evolved Packet Core (EPC) or Next Generation Core (NGC)) via backhaul link 122, and interface with one or more location servers 172 via core network 170. Among other functions, base station 102 can also perform functions related to one or more of the following: transmitting user data, radio channel encryption and decryption, integrity protection, header compression, mobility control functions (e.g., handover, dual connectivity), inter-cell interference coordination, connection establishment and release, load balancing, distribution of Non-Access Stratum (NAS) messages, NAS node selection, synchronization, RAN sharing, Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS), subscriber and device tracking, RAN Information Management (RIM), paging, location, and warning message delivery. Base station 102 can communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via EPC / NGC) via wired or wireless backhaul link 134.

[0150] Base station 102 can wirelessly communicate with UE 104. Each of base stations 102 can provide communication coverage for a corresponding geographic coverage area 110. In one aspect, one or more cells can be supported by base station 102 in each geographic coverage area 110. A “cell” is a logical communication entity used to communicate with a base station (e.g., via a frequency resource referred to as a carrier frequency, component carrier, carrier, frequency band, etc.) and can be associated with an identifier (e.g., Physical Cell Identifier (PCID), Virtual Cell Identifier (VCID)) used to distinguish cells operating via the same or different carrier frequencies. In some cases, different cells can be configured according to different protocol types (e.g., Machine Type Communication (MTC), Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), or others) that provide access to different types of UEs. Since a cell is supported by a specific base station, depending on the context, the term “cell” can refer to either or both of the logical communication entity that supports it and the base station. In some cases, the term "cell" can also refer to the geographical coverage area (e.g., sector) of a base station in which carrier frequencies can be detected and used for communication within a portion of the geographical coverage area 110.

[0151] While the geographic coverage areas 110 of adjacent macro cell base stations 102 may partially overlap (e.g., in handover areas), some of the geographic coverage areas 110 may substantially overlap with larger geographic coverage areas 110. For example, a small cell base station 102' may have a coverage area 110' that substantially overlaps with the coverage areas 110 of one or more macro cell base stations 102. A network that includes both small cell base stations and macro cell base stations can be referred to as a heterogeneous network. A heterogeneous network may also include a home eNB (HeNB) that can provide service to a restricted group referred to as a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG).

[0152] The communication link 120 between base station 102 and UE 104 may include downlink (UL) transmission from UE 104 to base station 102 (also known as the reverse link) and / or downlink (DL) transmission from base station 102 to UE 104 (also known as the forward link). The communication link 120 may use MIMO antenna technologies, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity. The communication link 120 may use one or more carrier frequencies. Carrier allocation may be asymmetric for DL ​​and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated to DL compared to UL).

[0153] The wireless communication system 100 may also include a wireless local area network (WLAN) access point (AP) 150 that communicates with a WLAN station (STA) 152 in unlicensed spectrum (e.g., 5 GHz) via a communication link 154. When communicating in unlicensed spectrum, the WLAN STA 152 and / or WLAN AP 150 may perform a free channel assessment (CCA) or pre-talk listening (LBT) process before communication to determine if the channel is available.

[0154] Small cell base station 102' can operate in licensed and / or unlicensed spectrum. When operating in unlicensed spectrum, small cell base station 102' can employ LTE or NR technology and use the same 5GHz unlicensed spectrum as WLAN AP 150. Small cell base station 102' employing LTE / 5G in unlicensed spectrum can extend access network coverage and / or increase access network capacity. NR in unlicensed spectrum can be referred to as NR-U. LTE in unlicensed spectrum can be referred to as LTE-U, Licensed Assisted Access (LAA), or MulteFire.

[0155] The wireless communication system 100 may also include a millimeter-wave (mmW) base station 180, which can operate at mmW and / or near-mmW frequencies to communicate with the UE 182. Extremely high frequency (EHF) is a portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that contains radio frequency (RF). EHF has a range from 30 GHz to 300 GHz and wavelengths between 1 mm and 10 mm. Radio waves in this band can be referred to as millimeter waves. Near-mmW can extend down to frequencies of 3 GHz with a wavelength of 100 mm. Ultra-high frequency (SHF) bands extend between 3 GHz and 30 GHz and are also referred to as centimeter waves. Communication using mmW / near-mmW radio bands has high path loss and relatively short range. The mmW base station 180 and the UE 182 can utilize beamforming (transmit and / or receive) on the mmW communication link 184 to compensate for the extremely high path loss and short range. Furthermore, it should be understood that in alternative configurations, one or more base stations 102 may also use mmW or near-mmW and beamforming for transmission. Accordingly, it should be understood that the foregoing descriptions are merely illustrative and should not be construed as limiting any aspect of this document.

[0156] Transmit beamforming is a technique used to focus RF signals in a specific direction. Traditionally, when a network node (e.g., a base station) broadcasts an RF signal, it broadcasts the signal in all directions (omnidirectionally). Using transmit beamforming, the network node determines where a given target device (e.g., a UE) is located (relative to the transmitting network node) and transmits a stronger downlink RF signal in that specific direction, thus providing a faster (in terms of data rate) and stronger RF signal to (multiple) receiving devices. To change the directionality of the RF signal during transmission, the network node can control the phase and relative amplitude of the RF signal at each of one or more transmitters broadcasting the RF signal. For example, the network node can use an array of antennas (called a "phased array" or "antenna array") that generates beams that can be "guided" to point RF waves in different directions without actually moving the antennas. Specifically, RF currents from the transmitters are fed to the individual antennas with the correct phase relationship so that radio waves from the individual antennas are added together to increase radiation in the desired direction while canceling out radiation in undesired directions.

[0157] Transmit beams can be quasi-co-located, meaning they appear to the receiver (e.g., UE) as having the same parameters, regardless of whether the transmit antennas of network nodes are physically co-located. In NR, there are four types of quasi-co-located (QCL) relationships. Specifically, a given type of QCL relationship means that certain parameters of the second reference RF signal on the second beam can be derived from information about the source reference RF signal on the source beam. Therefore, if the source reference RF signal is of type QCL A, the receiver can use the source reference RF signal to estimate the Doppler offset, Doppler spread, average delay, and delay spread of the second reference RF signal transmitted on the same channel. If the source reference RF signal is of type QCL B, the receiver can use the source reference RF signal to estimate the Doppler offset and Doppler spread of the second reference RF signal transmitted on the same channel. If the source reference RF signal is of type QCL C, the receiver can use the source reference RF signal to estimate the Doppler offset and average delay of the second reference RF signal transmitted on the same channel. If the source reference RF signal is of type QCL D, the receiver can use the source reference RF signal to estimate the spatial reception parameters of the second reference RF signal transmitted on the same channel.

[0158] In receive beamforming, a receiver uses a receive beam to amplify an RF signal detected on a given channel. For example, a receiver may increase the gain setting and / or adjust the phase setting of the antenna array in a specific direction to amplify the RF signal received from that direction (e.g., increase its gain level). Therefore, when we say that a receiver beamforms in a certain direction, it means that the beam gain in that direction is high relative to the beam gain along other directions, or that the beam gain in that direction is the highest compared to the beam gain of all other receive beams available to the receiver in that direction. This results in a higher received signal strength (e.g., reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), etc.) of the RF signal received from that direction.

[0159] The receive beam can be spatially correlated. Spatially correlated means that the parameters of the transmit beam used for the second reference signal can be derived from information about the receive beam used for the first reference signal. For example, the UE can use a specific receive beam to receive a reference downlink reference signal (e.g., a synchronization signal block (SSB)) from a base station. The UE can then form a transmit beam for transmitting an uplink reference signal (e.g., a sounding reference signal (SRS)) to that base station based on the parameters of the receive beam.

[0160] Note that a "downlink" beam can be either a transmit or receive beam, depending on the entity forming the beam. For example, if a base station is forming a downlink beam to transmit a reference signal to a UE, then the downlink beam is a transmit beam. However, if a UE is forming a downlink beam, then it is a receive beam to receive the downlink reference signal. Similarly, an "uplink" beam can be either a transmit or receive beam, depending on the entity forming the beam. For example, if a base station is forming an uplink beam, then it is an uplink receive beam, and if a UE is forming an uplink beam, then it is an uplink transmit beam.

[0161] In 5G, the spectrum in which radio nodes (e.g., base stations 102 / 180, UE 104 / 182) operate is divided into multiple frequency ranges: FR1 (from 450 to 6000 MHz), FR2 (from 24250 to 52600 MHz), FR3 (above 52600 MHz), and FR4 (between FR1 and FR2). In multi-carrier systems, such as 5G, one of the carrier frequencies is referred to as the “primary carrier” or “anchor carrier” or “primary serving cell” or “PCell,” and the remaining carrier frequencies are referred to as “secondary carriers” or “secondary serving cells” or “SCell.” In carrier aggregation, the anchor carrier is the carrier operating on the primary frequency (e.g., FR1) used by UE 104 / 182 and the cell in which UE 104 / 182 performs the initial Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection establishment procedure or initiates the RRC connection re-establishment procedure. The primary carrier carries all common and UE-specific control channels and can be a carrier in a licensed frequency (however, not always). A secondary carrier is a carrier operating on a second frequency (e.g., FR2). Once an RRC connection is established between UE 104 and the anchor carrier, the secondary carrier can be configured and used to provide additional radio resources. In some cases, the secondary carrier can be a carrier on an unlicensed frequency. Since the primary uplink and downlink carriers are typically UE-specific, the secondary carrier may contain only the necessary signaling information and signals; for example, UE-specific signaling information and signals may not appear on the secondary carrier. This means that different UEs 104 / 182 within a cell can have different downlink primary carriers. The same applies to the uplink primary carrier. The network can change the primary carrier of any UE 104 / 182 at any time. For example, this is to balance the load on different carriers. Since a “serving cell” (whether PCell or SCell) corresponds to the carrier frequency / component carrier on which a base station is communicating, the terms “cell,” “serving cell,” “component carrier,” “carrier frequency,” etc., are used interchangeably.

[0162] For example, still refer to Figure 1 One of the frequencies used by the macro cell base station 102 can be an anchor carrier (or "PCell"), and the other frequencies used by the macro cell base station 102 and / or the mmW base station 180 can be secondary carriers ("SCell"). Simultaneous transmission and / or reception on multiple carriers allows the UE 104 / 182 to significantly increase its data transmission and / or reception rates. For example, compared to the data rate obtained by a single 20MHz carrier, the aggregation of two 20MHz carriers in a multi-carrier system would theoretically result in a doubling of the data rate (i.e., 40MHz).

[0163] The wireless communication system 100 may also include one or more UEs (such as UE 190) that are indirectly connected to one or more communication networks via one or more device-to-device (D2D) end-to-end (P2P) links. Figure 1 In the example, UE 190 has: a D2D P2P link 192 with one of UEs 104 connected to one of base stations 102 (e.g., UE 190 can indirectly obtain cellular connectivity through this link); and a D2DP2P link 194 with a WLAN STA 152 connected to a WLAN AP 150 (UE 190 can indirectly obtain WLAN-based Internet connectivity through this link). In one example, D2D P2P links 192 and 194 can be supported by any known D2D RAT, such as LTE Direct (LTE-D) or WiFi Direct (WiFi-D). wait.

[0164] The wireless communication system 100 may also include a UE 164 that can communicate with a macro cell base station 102 via a communication link 120 and / or with an mmW base station 180 via an mmW communication link 184. For example, the macro cell base station 102 may support PCells and one or more SCells for the UE 164, and the mmW base station 180 may support one or more SCells for the UE 164.

[0165] According to various factors, Figure 2A An example wireless network architecture 200 is illustrated. For example, NGC 210 (also referred to as "5GC") can be functionally considered to operate collaboratively to form the core network's control plane functions 214 (e.g., UE registration, authentication, network access, gateway selection, etc.) and user plane functions 212 (e.g., UE gateway functions, data network access, IP routing, etc.). User plane interface (NG-U) 213 and control plane interface (NG-C) 215 connect gNB 222 to NGC 210, and specifically to control plane functions 214 and user plane functions 212. In an additional configuration, eNB 224 can also connect to NGC 210 via NG-C 215 to control plane function 214 and NG-U 213 to user plane function 212. Furthermore, eNB 224 can communicate directly with gNB 222 via backhaul connection 223. In some configurations, the new RAN 220 may have only one or more gNB 222s, while other configurations include one or more of both eNB 224 and gNB 222. Either gNB 222 or eNB 224 can be used with UE 204 (e.g., Figure 1The UE 204 may communicate with any of the UEs depicted in the diagram. Another optional aspect may include a location server 230, which may communicate with the NGC 210 to provide location assistance to the UE 204. The location server 230 may be implemented as multiple independent servers (e.g., physically independent servers, different software modules on a single server, different software modules distributed across multiple physical servers, etc.), or alternatively, each may correspond to a single server. The location server 230 may be configured to support one or more location services for the UE 204, which may connect to the location server 230 via the core network NGC 210 and / or via the Internet (not shown). Furthermore, the location server 230 may be integrated into a component of the core network, or alternatively, may be external to the core network.

[0166] According to various factors, Figure 2B Another example wireless network architecture 250 is shown. For example, NGC 260 (also referred to as "5GC") can be functionally considered as cooperating to form the control plane functions provided by Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) / User Plane Function (UPF) 264 and the user plane functions provided by Session Management Function (SMF) 262 of the core network (i.e., NGC 260). User plane interface 263 and control plane interface 265 connect eNB 224 to NGC 260, and specifically to SMF 262 and AMF / UPF 264, respectively. In an additional configuration, gNB 222 can also be connected to NGC 260 via control plane interface 265 to AMF / UPF 264 and user plane interface 263 to SMF 262. Furthermore, eNB 224 can communicate directly with gNB 222 via backhaul connection 223, regardless of whether there is a direct gNB connection to NGC 260. In some configurations, the new RAN 220 may have only one or more gNB 222s, while other configurations include one or more of both eNB 224 and gNB 222. Either gNB 222 or eNB 224 can be used with UE 204 (e.g., Figure 1 (Any of the UEs depicted in the diagram) communicates. The base station of the new RAN 220 communicates with the AMF side of the AMF / UPF 264 via the N2 interface and with the UPF side of the AMF / UPF 264 via the N3 interface.

[0167] The AMF's functions include registration management, connection management, reachability management, mobility management, lawful interception, transmission of Session Management (SM) messages between UE 204 and SMF 262, transparent proxy service for routing SM messages, access authentication and authorization, transmission of Short Message Service (SMS) messages between UE 204 and the Short Message Service Function (SMSF) (not shown), and the Security Anchor Function (SEAF). The AMF also interacts with the Authentication Server Function (AUSF) (not shown) and UE 204, and receives an intermediate key created as a result of the UE 204 authentication process. In the case of UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) Subscriber Identity Module (USIM)-based authentication, the AMF retrieves security material from the AUSSF. The AMF's functions also include Security Context Management (SCM). The SCM receives a key from the SEAF, which is used to derive a network-specific key for access. The AMF's functions also include location service management for regulatory services, transmission of location service messages between UE 204 and Location Management Function (LMF) 270, and between the new RAN 220 and LMF 270, Evolved Packet System (EPS) bearer identifier allocation for interaction with EPS, and UE 204 mobility event notification. Furthermore, the AMF supports functions for non-3GPP access networks.

[0168] The functions of the UPF include: acting as an anchor point for intra / inter-RAT mobility (where applicable), acting as an external Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session point for interconnection with a data network (not shown), providing packet routing and forwarding, packet detection, user plane policy rule enforcement (e.g., gating, redirection, traffic steering), lawful interception (user plane collection), traffic usage reporting, user plane Quality of Service (QoS) processing (e.g., UL / DL rate enforcement, reflected QoS marking in DL), UL traffic verification (mapping of Service Data Flow (SDF) to QoS Flow), transport-level packet marking in UL and DL, DL packet buffering and DL data notification triggering, and sending and forwarding one or more "end markers" to the source RAN node.

[0169] The functions of SMF 262 include session management, UE Internet Protocol (IP) address allocation and management, selection and control of user plane functions, configuration of traffic guidance at the UPF for routing traffic to appropriate destinations, control of policy enforcement and QoS, and downlink data notification. The interface through which SMF 262 communicates with the AMF side of AMF / UPF 264 is called the N11 interface.

[0170] Another optional aspect may include an LMF 270, which can communicate with the NGC 260 to provide location assistance to the UE 204. The LMF 270 can be implemented as multiple independent servers (e.g., physically independent servers, different software modules on a single server, different software modules distributed across multiple physical servers, etc.), or alternatively, each can correspond to a single server. The LMF 270 can be configured to support one or more location services for the UE 204, which can connect to the LMF 270 via the core network NGC 260 and / or via the Internet (not shown).

[0171] Figure 3A , Figure 3B and Figure 3C Several example components (represented by corresponding boxes) that can be incorporated into UE 302 (which may correspond to any UE described herein), base station 304 (which may correspond to any base station described herein), and network entity 306 (which may correspond to or embody any network function described herein, including location server 230 and LMF 270) to support file transfer operations as taught herein are shown. It should be understood that these components can be implemented in different types of devices (e.g., ASICs, system-on-a-chip (SoCs), etc.) in different implementations. The components shown can also be incorporated into other devices in a communication system. For example, other devices in the system may include components similar to those described as providing similar functionality. Furthermore, a given device may contain one or more of these components. For example, a device may include multiple transceiver components that enable the device to operate on multiple carriers and / or communicate via different technologies.

[0172] Each of UE 302 and base station 304 includes a Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN) transceiver 310 and 350 configured to communicate via one or more wireless communication networks (not shown) (such as NR networks, LTE networks, GSM networks, etc.). WWAN transceivers 310 and 350 may be connected to one or more antennas 316 and 356, respectively, for communicating with other network nodes (such as other UEs, access points, base stations (e.g., eNB, gNB), etc.) via at least one designated RAT (e.g., NR, LTE, GSM, etc.) through a wireless communication medium of interest (e.g., a set of time / frequency resources in a specific spectrum). Depending on the designated RAT, WWAN transceivers 310 and 350 may be configured in various ways to transmit and encode signals 318 and 358 (e.g., messages, indications, information, etc.), and in turn to receive and decode signals 318 and 358 (e.g., messages, indications, information, pilots, etc.), respectively. Specifically, WWAN transceivers 310 and 350 each include one or more transmitters 314 and 354 for transmitting and encoding signals 318 and 358 respectively, and each includes one or more receivers 312 and 352 for receiving and decoding signals 318 and 358 respectively.

[0173] In at least some cases, UE 302 and base station 304 also include wireless local area network (WLAN) transceivers 320 and 360, respectively. WLAN transceivers 320 and 360 can be connected to one or more antennas 326 and 366, respectively, for use via at least one designated RAT (e.g., WiFi, LTE-D, etc.). (etc.) communicate with other network nodes (such as other UEs, access points, base stations, etc.) on a wireless communication medium of interest. According to the specified RAT, WLAN transceivers 320 and 360 can be configured in various ways to transmit and encode signals 328 and 368 (e.g., messages, indications, information, etc.) respectively, and conversely, to receive and decode signals 328 and 368 (e.g., messages, indications, information, pilots, etc.) respectively. Specifically, transceivers 320 and 360 each include one or more transmitters 324 and 364 for transmitting and encoding signals 328 and 368 respectively, and one or more receivers 322 and 362 for receiving and decoding signals 328 and 368 respectively.

[0174] Transceiver circuitry including a transmitter and a receiver may include, in some embodiments, an integrated device (e.g., transmitter and receiver circuitry embodied as a single communication device), in some embodiments, separate transmitter and receiver devices, or in other embodiments, it may be embodied in other ways. In one aspect, the transmitter may include or be coupled to multiple antennas (e.g., antennas 316, 336, 376), such as an antenna array, which allows the respective device to perform transmit "beamforming," as described herein. Similarly, the receiver may include or be coupled to multiple antennas (e.g., antennas 316, 336, and 376), such as an antenna array, which allows the respective device to perform receive beamforming, as described herein. In one aspect, the transmitter and receiver may share the same multiple antennas (e.g., antennas 316, 336, and 376), such that the respective device can only receive or transmit at a given time, and cannot transmit and receive simultaneously. The wireless communication devices of devices 302 and / or 304 (e.g., one or both of transceivers 310 and 320 and / or 350 and 360) may also include network eavesdropping modules (NLMs) for performing various measurements.

[0175] In at least some cases, devices 302 and 304 also include Satellite Positioning System (SPS) receivers 330 and 370. SPS receivers 330 and 370 may be connected to one or more antennas 336 and 376, respectively, to receive SPS signals 338 and 378, such as Global Positioning System (GPS) signals, Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) signals, Galileo signals, BeiDou signals, Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (NAVIC), Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS), etc. SPS receivers 330 and 370 may include any suitable hardware and / or software for receiving and processing SPS signals 338 and 378, respectively. SPS receivers 330 and 370 may request information and operation from other systems as appropriate and perform calculations necessary for determining the positions of devices 302 and 304 using measurements obtained through any suitable SPS algorithm.

[0176] Each of base station 304 and network entity 306 includes at least one network interface 380 and 390 for communicating with other network entities. For example, network interfaces 380 and 390 (e.g., one or more network access ports) can be configured to communicate with one or more network entities via a wired or wireless backhaul connection. In some aspects, network interfaces 380 and 390 can be implemented as transceivers configured to support wired or wireless signaling communication. This communication may involve, for example, sending and receiving messages, parameters, and / or other types of information.

[0177] Apparatus 302, 304, and 306 also include other components that can be used with the operations disclosed herein. UE 302 includes processor circuitry implementing a processing system 332 for providing functions related to, for example, spoofed base station (FBS) detection disclosed herein and for providing other processing functions. Base station 304 includes a processing system 384 for providing functions related to, for example, FBS detection disclosed herein and for providing other processing functions. Network entity 306 includes a processing system 394 for providing functions related to, for example, FBS detection disclosed herein and for providing other processing functions. In one aspect, processing systems 332, 384, and 394 may include, for example, one or more general-purpose processors, multi-core processors, ASICs, digital signal processors (DSPs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices or processing circuitry.

[0178] Devices 302, 304, and 306 respectively include memory circuitry implementing memory components 340, 386, and 396 (e.g., each including a memory device) for maintaining information (e.g., information indicating reserved resources, thresholds, parameters, etc.). In some cases, devices 302, 304, and 306 may include positioning modules 342, 388, and 399, respectively. PRS 342 and 388 may be hardware circuitry that is part of or coupled to processing systems 332, 384, and 394, respectively, which, when executed, cause devices 302, 304, and 306 to perform the functions described herein. Alternatively, positioning modules 342, 388, and 389 may be memory modules (e.g., memory modules stored in memory components 340, 386, and 396, respectively) Figure 3A (as shown in -C), which, when executed by processing systems 332, 384 and 394, causes devices 302, 304 and 306 to perform the functions described herein.

[0179] UE 302 may include one or more sensors 344 coupled to processing system 332 to provide motion and / or orientation information independent of motion data derived from signals received by WWAN transceiver 310, WLAN transceiver 320, and / or GPS receiver 330. As an example, the sensors 344 may include accelerometers (e.g., microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices), gyroscopes, geomagnetic sensors (e.g., compasses), altimeters (e.g., barometric altimeters), and / or any other type of motion detection sensor. Furthermore, the sensors 344 may include multiple different types of devices, and their outputs may be combined to provide motion information. For example, the sensors 344 may use a combination of multi-axis accelerometers and orientation sensors to provide the ability to calculate position in a 2D and / or 3D coordinate system.

[0180] In addition, UE 302 includes a user interface 346 for providing instructions to the user (e.g., audio and / or video instructions) and / or for receiving user input (e.g., when the user activates a sensing device (such as a keyboard, touchscreen, microphone, etc.)). Although not shown, devices 304 and 306 may also include user interfaces.

[0181] Referring more specifically to processing system 384, in the downlink, IP packets from network entity 306 can be provided to processing system 384. Processing system 384 can implement the functions of the RRC layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, and Media Access Control (MAC) layer. The processing system 384 can provide RRC layer functions associated with broadcasting system information (e.g., Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB)), RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC connection modification, and RRC connection release), inter-RAT mobility, and measurement configuration for UE measurement reporting; PDCP layer functions associated with header compression / decompression, security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification), and handover support functions; RLC layer functions associated with upper-layer packet data unit (PDU) delivery, error correction via ARQ, concatenation, segmentation and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs), resegmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functions associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, scheduling information reporting, error correction, priority processing, and logical channel prioritization.

[0182] Transmitter 354 and receiver 352 can implement Layer 1 functions associated with various signal processing functions. Layer 1, including the physical (PHY) layer, can include error detection on the transport channel, forward error correction (FEC) encoding / decoding of the transport channel, interleaving, rate matching, mapping to the physical channel, modulation / demodulation of the physical channel, and MIMO antenna processing. Transmitter 354 processes the mapping to the signal constellation based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), M-phase shift keying (M-PSK), M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM)). The encoded and modulated symbols are then split into parallel streams. Each stream can then be mapped to orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) subcarriers, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., pilot) in the time and / or frequency domains, and subsequently combined using inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to produce a physical channel carrying a stream of time-domain OFDM symbols. The OFDM streams are spatially precoded to produce multiple spatial streams. The channel estimate from the channel estimator can be used to determine the coding and modulation scheme and for spatial processing. The channel estimate can be derived from the reference signal transmitted by UE302 and / or channel condition feedback. Each spatial stream can then be provided to one or more different antennas 356. Transmitter 354 can use the corresponding spatial stream to modulate the RF carrier for transmission.

[0183] At UE 302, receiver 312 receives signals through its respective antenna(s) 316. Receiver 312 recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and provides this information to processing system 332. Transmitter 314 and receiver 312 implement Layer 1 functions associated with various signal processing functions. Receiver 312 can perform spatial processing on the information to recover any spatial streams destined for UE 302. If multiple spatial streams are destined for UE 302, they can be combined by receiver 312 into a single OFDM symbol stream. Receiver 312 then uses a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to transform the OFDM symbol stream from the time domain to the frequency domain. The frequency domain signal includes distinct OFDM symbol streams for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. Symbols and reference signals on each subcarrier are recovered and demodulated by determining the maximum likelihood signal constellation points transmitted by base station 304. These soft decisions can be based on channel estimates calculated by a channel estimator. Then, a soft decision is made to decode and deinterleave the data and control signals originally transmitted by base station 304 on the physical channel. The data and control signals are then provided to processing system 332, which implements layer 3 and layer 2 functions.

[0184] In the UL, processing system 332 provides demultiplexing, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing between the transmission and logical channels to recover IP packets from the core network. Processing system 332 is also responsible for error detection.

[0185] Similar to the functions described in the DL transmission description of base station 304, processing system 332 provides RRC layer functions associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIB) acquisition, RRC connection, and measurement reporting; PDCP layer functions associated with header compression / decompression and security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification); RLC layer functions associated with upper-layer PDU transmission, error correction via ARQ, concatenation, segmentation and reassembly of RLC SDUs, resegmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functions associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing MAC SDUs to transport blocks (TBs), demultiplexing MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction via HARQ, priority processing, and logical channel prioritization.

[0186] The channel estimate derived by the channel estimator from the reference signal transmitted by base station 304 or feedback can be used by transmitter 314 to select a suitable decoding and modulation scheme and facilitate spatial processing. The spatial stream generated by transmitter 314 can be provided to (multiple) different antennas 316. Transmitter 314 can use the corresponding spatial stream to modulate the RF carrier for transmission.

[0187] UL transmissions are processed at base station 304 in a manner similar to that described in conjunction with the receiver function at UE 302. Receiver 352 receives signals via its respective antenna(s) 356. Receiver 352 recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and provides this information to processing system 384.

[0188] In the UL, processing system 384 provides demultiplexing, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing between the transport and logical channels to recover IP packets from UE 302. IP packets from processing system 384 can then be provided to the core network. Processing system 384 is also responsible for error detection.

[0189] For convenience, devices 302, 304 and / or 306 are... Figure 3A The -C box is shown as including various components that can be configured according to the various examples described herein. However, it should be understood that the boxes shown may have different functionalities in different designs.

[0190] The components of devices 302, 304 and 306 can communicate with each other via data buses 334, 382 and 392, respectively. Figure 3A The -C component can be implemented in a variety of ways. In some implementations, Figure 3AThe -C component can be implemented in one or more circuits, such as, for example, one or more processors and / or one or more ASICs (which may include one or more processors). Here, each circuit may use and / or incorporate at least one memory component for storing information or executable code used by the circuit to provide the function. For example, some or all of the functions represented by boxes 310 to 346 can be implemented by the processor and(s) memory component of UE 302 (e.g., by executing appropriate code and / or by appropriate configuration of the processor component). Similarly, some or all of the functions represented by boxes 350 to 388 can be implemented by the processor and(s) memory component of base station 304 (e.g., by executing appropriate code and / or by appropriate configuration of the processor component). Furthermore, some or all of the functions represented by boxes 390 to 396 can be implemented by the processor and(s) memory component of network entity 306 (e.g., by executing appropriate code and / or by appropriate configuration of the processor component). For simplicity, various operations, actions, and / or functions are described herein as being performed "by the UE", "by the base station", "by the positioning entity", etc. However, it should be understood that these operations, actions and / or functions can actually be performed by specific components or combinations of components of the UE, base station, positioning entity, etc. (such as processing systems 332, 384, 394, transceivers 310, 320, 350 and 360, memory components 340, 386 and 396, positioning modules 342, 388 and 389, etc.).

[0191] Figure 4A This is a schematic diagram 400 illustrating an example of a DL frame structure according to aspects of this disclosure. Figure 4B This is a schematic diagram 430 illustrating an example of a channel within a DL frame structure according to an aspect of this disclosure. Other wireless communication technologies may have different frame structures and / or different channels.

[0192] LTE, and in some cases NR, uses OFDM on the downlink and single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) on the uplink. However, unlike LTE, NR has the option to use OFDM on the uplink as well. OFDM and SC-FDM divide the system bandwidth into multiple (K) orthogonal subcarriers, which are often referred to as tones, bins, etc. Each subcarrier can be modulated with data. Typically, modulation symbols are transmitted in the frequency domain using OFDM and in the time domain using SC-FDM. The spacing between adjacent subcarriers can be fixed, and the total number of subcarriers (K) can depend on the system bandwidth. For example, the subcarrier spacing can be 15 kHz, and the minimum resource allocation (resource block) can be 12 subcarriers (or 180 kHz). Therefore, for system bandwidths of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, or 20 MHz, the nominal FFT size can be equal to 128, 256, 512, 1024, or 2048, respectively. The system bandwidth can also be divided into subbands. For example, a subband can cover 1.08MHz (i.e., 6 resource blocks), and for system bandwidths of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, or 20MHz, there can be 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 subbands respectively.

[0193] LTE supports a single set of parameters (subcarrier spacing, symbol length, etc.). In contrast, NR can support multiple sets of parameters, such as subcarrier spacings of 15kHz, 30kHz, 60kHz, 120kHz, and 204kHz or greater. Table 1 below lists some of the various parameters used for different NR parameter sets.

[0194]

[0195]

[0196] Table 1

[0197] exist Figure 4A and Figure 4B In the example, a parameter set of 15kHz is used. Therefore, in the time domain, a frame (e.g., 10ms) is divided into 10 equal-sized subframes, each 1ms, and each subframe includes a time slot. Figure 4A and Figure 4B In this diagram, the horizontal axis (e.g., on the X-axis) represents time, which increases from left to right, while the vertical axis (e.g., on the Y-axis) represents frequency, which increases (or decreases) from bottom to top.

[0198] A resource grid can be used to represent time slots, each of which includes one or more concurrent resource blocks (RBs) (also known as physical RBs (PRBs)) in the frequency domain. The resource grid is further divided into multiple resource elements (REs). An RE can correspond to a symbol length in the time domain and a subcarrier in the frequency domain. Figure 4A and Figure 4B In the parameter set, for a regular cyclic prefix, the RB can contain 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain and 7 consecutive symbols in the time domain (OFDM symbols for DL; SC-FDM symbols for UL), for a total of 84 REs. For an extended cyclic prefix, the RB can contain 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain and 6 consecutive symbols in the time domain, for a total of 72 REs. The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.

[0199] like Figure 4A As shown, some REs carry DL reference (pilot) signals (DL-RS) for channel estimation at the UE. The DL-RS may include demodulation reference signals (DMRS) and channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS), which are exemplarily located in... Figure 4A It is marked as "R".

[0200] Figure 4B Examples of various channels within a DL subframe are shown. The Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) carries DL Control Information (DCI) within one or more Control Channel Elements (CCEs), each CCE comprising nine RE Groups (REGs), each REG comprising four consecutive REs in an OFDM symbol. The DCI carries information about UL resource allocation (persistent and non-persistent) and a description of the DL data sent to the UE. Multiple (e.g., up to eight) DCIs can be configured in the PDCCH, and these DCIs can have one of several formats. For example, different DCI formats exist for UL scheduling, non-MIMO DL scheduling, MIMO DL scheduling, and UL power control.

[0201] The Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) is used by the UE to determine subframe / symbol timing and physical layer identifiers. The Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) is used by the UE to determine the physical layer cell identifier group number and radio frame timing. Based on the physical layer identifier and physical layer cell identifier group number, the UE can determine the PCI. Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the location of the aforementioned DL-RS. The Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) carrying the MIB can be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form an SSB (also known as SS / PBCH). The MIB provides the number of RBs in the DL system bandwidth and the System Frame Number (SFN). The Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information not transmitted via the PBCH (such as System Information Blocks (SIBs)), and paging messages.

[0202] In some cases, Figure 4A The DL RS shown can be a positioning reference signal (PRS). Figure 5 An exemplary PRS configuration 500 for a cell supported by a wireless node (such as base station 102) is shown. Figure 5 This demonstrates how to use the system frame number (SNN), cell-specific subframe offset (Δ) to... PRS )552 and PRS cycle (T PRS 520. The timing of PRS positioning is determined. Typically, cell-specific PRS subframe configurations can be determined via a "PRS configuration index" included in the observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA) auxiliary data. PRS Defined as follows. As shown in Table 2 below, index I is configured based on PRS. PRS To define the PRS period (T) PRS )520 and cell-specific subframe offset (Δ PRS ).

[0203]

[0204] Table 2

[0205] The PRS configuration is defined with reference to the SFN of the cell sending the PRS. For N PRS The first subframe of each downlink subframe includes the first subframe of the first PRS positioning time, and the PRS instance can satisfy:

[0206]

[0207] Where n f It is SFN and 0≤n f ≤1023, n s It is composed of n f Defined time slot number within a radio frame, where 0 ≤ n s ≤19, T PRSIt is a PRS period of 520, and Δ PRS It is a cell-specific subframe offset of 552.

[0208] like Figure 5 As shown, the cell-specific subframe offset Δ PRS 552 can be defined based on the number of subframes transmitted from system frame number 0 (slot 'number 0', marked as slot 550) to the start of the first (subsequent) PRS positioning timing. Figure 5 In the examples, the number of consecutive positioning subframes (N) in each of the consecutive PRS positioning times 518a, 518b, and 518c PRS The value is 4. That is to say, each shaded box representing the PRS positioning time 518a, 518b and 518c represents 4 subframes.

[0209] In some respects, when the UE receives PRS configuration index I in OTDOA auxiliary data for a specific cell... PRS At that time, the UE can use Table 2 to determine the PRS period T PRS 520 and PRS subframe offset Δ PRS Then, when the PRS is scheduled in the cell, the UE can determine the radio frame, subframe, and time slot (e.g., using formula (1)). The OTDOA auxiliary data can be determined, for example, by a location server (e.g., location server 230, LMF 270) and includes auxiliary data for the reference cell and the number of neighboring cells supported by each base station.

[0210] Typically, PRS timings from all cells using the same frequency in the network are time-aligned and can have a fixed, known time offset relative to other cells using different frequencies in the network (e.g., cell-specific subframe offset 552). In a synchronous SFN network, all radio nodes (e.g., base station 102) can be aligned on both frame boundaries and system frame numbers. Therefore, in a synchronous SFN network, all cells supported by each radio node can use the same PRS configuration index for any specific frequency for PRS transmission. On the other hand, in an asynchronous SFN network, each radio node can be aligned on frame boundaries but not on system frame numbers. Therefore, in an asynchronous SFN network, the PRS configuration index for each cell can be configured individually by the network so that PRS timings are time-aligned.

[0211] If the UE can obtain the cell timing (e.g., SFN) of at least one of the cells (e.g., the reference cell or the serving cell), then the UE can determine the timing of the PRS timing for the reference and neighboring cells used for OTDOA positioning. The timing of other cells can then be derived by the UE, for example, based on the assumption of overlapping PRS timings from different cells.

[0212] A set of resource elements used for PRS transmission is called a "PRS resource". This set of resource elements can span multiple PRBs in the frequency domain and can span N (e.g., one or more) consecutive symbols 460 within a time slot 430 in the time domain. Within a given OFDM symbol 460, the PRS resource occupies a consecutive PRB. The PRS resource is described by at least the following parameters: PRS resource identifier (ID), sequence ID, comb size N, resource element offset in the frequency domain, start time slot and start symbol, number of symbols per PRS resource (i.e., duration of the PRS resource), and QCL information (e.g., QCL with other DL reference signals). In some designs, a single antenna port is supported. The comb size indicates the number of subcarriers carrying the PRS in each symbol. For example, a comb size of comb-4 means that every fourth subcarrier in a given symbol carries the PRS.

[0213] A “PRS resource set” is a collection of PRS resources used for the transmission of PRS signals, where each PRS resource has a PRS resource ID. Furthermore, PRS resources in a PRS resource set are associated with the same Transmit-Receive Point (TRP). The PRS resource ID in a PRS resource set is associated with a single beam transmitted from a single TRP (where the TRP can transmit one or more beams). That is, each PRS resource in a PRS resource set can be transmitted on a different beam, and thus, a “PRS resource” can also be referred to as a “beam.” Note that this does not imply whether the UE is aware of the TRP and beam on which it transmits the PRS. A “PRS timing” is an instance of a periodically repeating time window (e.g., a group of one or more consecutive time slots) on which PRS is expected to be transmitted. A PRS timing can also be referred to as a “PRS positioning timing,” “positioning timing,” or simply “timing.”

[0214] Note that the terms “Location Reference Signal” and “PRS” can sometimes refer to specific reference signals used for positioning in LTE or NR systems. However, as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, the terms “Location Reference Signal” and “PRS” refer to any type of reference signal that can be used for positioning, such as, but not limited to, PRS signals in LTE or NR, navigation reference signals (NRS), transmitter reference signals (TRS), cell-specific reference signals (CRS), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS), primary synchronization signals (PSS), secondary synchronization signals (SSS), SSB, etc. in 5G.

[0215] SRS is an uplink-only signal transmitted by the UE to help the base station obtain Channel State Information (CSI) for each user. Channel State Information describes how the RF signal propagates from the UE to the base station and represents the combined effects of scattering, fading, and power attenuation over distance. Systems use SRS for resource scheduling, link adaptation, massive MIMO, beam management, and more.

[0216] For SRS used for positioning (SRS-P), several improvements to the previous definition of SRS have been proposed, such as new interleaving patterns within SRS resources, new comb types for SRS, new sequences for SRS, a greater number of SRS resource sets per component carrier, and a greater number of SRS resources per component carrier. Furthermore, the parameters “SpatialRelationInfo” and “PathLossReference” will be configured based on DLRS from adjacent TRPs. Further, an SRS resource can be transmitted outside the active bandwidth portion (BWP), and an SRS resource can span multiple component carriers. Finally, for UL-AoA, the UE can transmit through the same transmit beam from multiple SRS resources. All of these are features added to the current SRS framework, which is configured via RRC higher-layer signaling (and potentially triggered or activated via MAC control elements (CE) or downlink control information (DCI)).

[0217] As noted above, in NR, SRS is a UE-specific reference signal transmitted by the UE for the purpose of probing the uplink radio channel. Similar to CSI-RS, this probing provides knowledge of various levels of radio channel characteristics. At one extreme, SRS can be used at the gNB solely to obtain signal strength measurements, for example, for UL beam management purposes. At the other extreme, SRS can be used at the gNB to obtain detailed amplitude and phase estimates as functions of frequency, time, and space. In NR, channel probing using SRS supports a wider range of use cases compared to LTE (e.g., downlink CSI acquisition for reciprocity-based gNB-based beamforming (downlink MIMO); uplink CSI acquisition based on codebook / non-codebook precoding for link adaptation and uplink MIMO, uplink beam management, etc.).

[0218] SRS can be configured using a variety of options. The time / frequency mapping of SRS resources is defined through the following characteristics.

[0219] Duration N symb SRS - The duration of SRS resources can be 1, 2 or 4 consecutive OFDM symbols within a time slot, whereas LTE only allows a single OFDM symbol per time slot.

[0220] • Start Symbol Position: The start symbol of a l0-SRS resource can be located anywhere within the last 6 OFDM symbols of the time slot, as long as the resource does not cross the boundary at the end of the time slot.

[0221] • Repetition factor R – For SRS resources configured with frequency hopping, repetition allows the same set of subcarriers to be detected in R consecutive OFDM symbols prior to the next hop (as used herein, “hop” specifically refers to frequency hopping). For example, values ​​of R are 1, 2, and 4, where R ≤ N. symb SRS .

[0222] • Sending comb interval K TC Comb offset k TC SRS resources can occupy resource elements (REs) in the frequency domain comb structure, where, similar to LTE, the comb spacing is 2 or 4 REs. This structure allows frequency domain multiplexing of different SRS resources for the same or different users on different combs, where different combs are offset from each other by an integer number of REs. The comb offset is defined relative to the PRB boundary and can be in the range 0, 1, ..., K. TC -1 values ​​are taken from the REs. Therefore, for the comb interval K TC =2, if two different combs are needed for reuse, and for the comb spacing K TC =4, there are 4 different combs available.

[0223] • Period and slot offsets for use with periodic / semi-persistent SRS.

[0224] • Detection bandwidth within the bandwidth section.

[0225] For low-latency positioning, the gNB can trigger UL SRS-P via DCI (e.g., the transmitted SRS-P may include repetition or beam scanning that enables several gNBs to receive the SRS-P). Alternatively, the gNB can send information to the UE about aperiodic PRS transmissions (e.g., this configuration may include information about PRS from multiple gNBs to enable the UE to perform timing calculations for (UE-based) positioning or (UE-assisted) reporting). While aspects of this disclosure relate to DLPRS-based positioning procedures, some or all of such aspects can also be applied to UL SRS-P-based positioning procedures.

[0226] Note that the terms “probe reference signal,” “SRS,” and “SRS-P” can sometimes refer to specific reference signals used for positioning in LTE or NR systems. However, as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, the terms “probe reference signal,” “SRS,” and “SRS-P” refer to any type of reference signal that can be used for positioning, such as, but not limited to, SRS signals in LTE or NR, navigation reference signals (NRS) in 5G, transmitter reference signals (TRS), random access channel (RACH) signals used for positioning (e.g., RACH preambles, such as Msg-1 in a 4-step RACH process or Msg-A in a 2-step RACH process), etc.

[0227] 3GPP Rel.16 introduced several NR positioning aspects designed to increase the location accuracy of positioning schemes. These schemes include multiple measurements associated with one or more UL or DL ​​PRSs (e.g., larger bandwidth (BW), FR2 beam scanning, angle-based measurements such as angle of arrival (AoA) and angle of departure (AoD), multi-cell round-trip time (RTT) measurements, etc.). If latency reduction is a priority, UE-based positioning techniques (e.g., DL-only techniques without UL location measurement reporting) are typically used. However, if latency is less of a concern, UE-assisted positioning techniques can be used, whereby data measured by the UE is reported to network entities (e.g., location server 230, LMF 270, etc.). The latency associated with UE-assisted positioning techniques can be slightly reduced by implementing LMF in the RAN.

[0228] Layer 3 (L3) signaling (e.g., RRC or Location Positioning Protocol (LPP)) is typically used to transmit reports including location-based data associated with UE-assisted positioning technologies. Compared to Layer 1 (L1, or PHY layer) signaling or Layer 2 (L2, or MAC layer) signaling, L3 signaling is associated with relatively high latency (e.g., more than 100 ms). In some cases, lower latency (e.g., less than 100 ms, less than 10 ms, etc.) may be desired between the UE and the RAN for location-based reporting. In such cases, L3 signaling may not be able to achieve these lower latency levels. L3 signaling for location measurements can include any combination of the following:

[0229] • One or more TOA, TDOA, RSRP, or Rx-Tx measurements,

[0230] • One or more AoA / AoD measurements (e.g., currently only DL AoA and UL AoD are approved for gNB->LMF reporting).

[0231] • One or more multipath reporting measurements, such as per-path ToA, RSRP, AoA / AoD (e.g., currently only per-path ToA is allowed in LTE).

[0232] • One or more motion states (e.g., walking, driving, etc.) and (e.g., the current UE's) trajectory, and / or

[0233] • One or more report quality indicators.

[0234] Recently, L1 and L2 signaling have been considered for use in conjunction with PRS-based reporting. For example, L1 and L2 signaling are currently used in some systems to transmit CSI reports (e.g., Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI), Layer Indicator (Li), L1-RSRP, etc.). CSI reports may include a set of fields in a predefined order (e.g., as defined by relevant standards). A single UL transmission (e.g., on PUSCH or PUCCH) may include multiple reports, referred to herein as 'sub-reports', which are ordered according to a predefined priority (e.g., as defined by relevant standards). In some designs, the predefined order may be based on the associated sub-report period (e.g., aperiodic / semi-persistent / periodic (A / SP / P) on PUSCH / PUCCH), measurement type (e.g., L1-RSRP or not), serving cell index (e.g., in the case of carrier aggregation (CA),) and reportconfigID. When using a two-part CSI report, Part 1 of all reports is grouped together, and Part 2 is grouped separately, with each group encoded individually (e.g., the Part 1 payload size is fixed based on configuration parameters, while the Part 2 size is variable and depends on the configuration parameters and the associated Part 1 content). The number of decoded bits / symbols to be output after encoding and rate matching is calculated based on the beta factor and the number of input bits, according to relevant standards. A relationship (e.g., time offset) is defined between the instance of the measured RS and the corresponding report. In some designs, a CSI-like reporting system can be implemented using L1 and L2 signaling for PRS-based measurement data.

[0235] Figure 6 An exemplary wireless communication system 600 according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Figure 6 In the example, it can correspond to the above regarding Figure 1UE 604, one of the described UEs (e.g., UE 104, UE 182, UE 190, etc.), is attempting to calculate an estimate of its location, or assisting another entity (e.g., a base station or core network component, another UE, a location server, a third-party application, etc.) in calculating its location estimate. UE 604 can wirelessly communicate with multiple base stations 602a-d (collectively referred to as base stations 602) using RF signals and standardized protocols for modulation of RF signals and exchange of information packets. The multiple base stations 602a-d can correspond to... Figure 1 Any combination of base station 102 or 180 and / or WLAN AP 150. By extracting different types of information from the exchanged RF signals and utilizing the layout of the wireless communication system 600 (i.e., base station location, geometry, etc.), UE 604 can determine its position in a predefined reference coordinate system, or assist in determining its position. In one aspect, UE 604 can specify its position using a two-dimensional coordinate system; however, the aspects disclosed herein are not limited to this, and if additional dimensions are desired, it can also be applied to determine position using a three-dimensional coordinate system. Additionally, although Figure 6 One UE 604 and four base stations 602 are shown, but it should be understood that there may be more UEs 604 and more or fewer base stations 602.

[0236] To support location estimation, base stations 602 can be configured to broadcast reference RF signals (e.g., Position Reference Signal (PRS), Cell-Specific Reference Signal (CRS), Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), synchronization signals, etc.) to UEs 604 within their coverage area. This enables UEs 604 to measure the timing difference (OTDOA or RSTD) of the reference RF signals between network node pairs and / or to identify the beam that most likely induces the LOS or shortest radio path between UE 604 and transmitting base station 602. Identifying the LOS / shortest path beam(s) is of interest, not only because these beams can subsequently be used for OTDOA measurements between a pair of base stations 602, but also because identifying these beams can directly provide some location information based on beam direction. Furthermore, these beams can subsequently be used for other location estimation methods requiring accurate ToA, such as methods based on round-trip time estimation.

[0237] As used herein, "network node" can refer to base station 602, the cell of base station 602, a remote radio head, the antenna of base station 602, or any other network entity capable of transmitting reference signals, wherein the location of the antenna of base station 602 differs from the location of base station 602 itself. Furthermore, as used herein, "node" can refer to a network node or a UE.

[0238] A location server (e.g., location server 230) may send auxiliary data to UE 604, which includes identifiers of one or more neighboring cells of base station 602 and configuration information of reference RF signals transmitted by each neighboring cell. Alternatively, the auxiliary data may be derived directly from base stations 602 themselves (e.g., in periodically broadcast overhead messages, etc.). Alternatively, UE 604 may detect neighboring cells of base station 602 itself without using the auxiliary data. UE 604 (e.g., based in part on the auxiliary data if provided) may measure and (optionally) report OTDOA from various network nodes and / or RSTD between reference RF signals received from network nodes. Using these measurements and the known locations of the network nodes being measured (i.e., the base stations 602(or antennas()) that transmitted the reference RF signals measured by UE 604), UE 604 or the location server may determine the distance between UE 604 and the measured network nodes, and thereby calculate the location of UE 604.

[0239] The term "position estimate" is used herein to refer to an estimate of the location of UE 604, which can be geographical (e.g., may include latitude, longitude, and possibly altitude) or urban (e.g., may include street address, building name, or a precise point or area within or near a building or street address, such as a specific entrance to a building, a specific room or suite within a building, or a landmark such as a town square). Position estimate may also be referred to as "location," "position," "orientation determination," "position fix," "location fix," "location estimate," "orientation estimate," or any other term. The means of obtaining a position estimate may generally be referred to as "positioning," "locating," or "position determination." A specific solution used to obtain a position estimate may be referred to as a "positioning solution." A specific method used to obtain a position estimate as part of a positioning solution may be referred to as a "positioning method" or "orientation method."

[0240] The term "base station" can refer to a single physical transmission point or multiple physical transmission points that may be co-located or non-co-located. For example, when the term "base station" refers to a single physical transmission point, the physical transmission point can be the antenna of a base station (e.g., base station 602) corresponding to a cell of the base station. When the term "base station" refers to multiple co-located physical transmission points, the physical transmission point can be an array of antennas of the base station (e.g., in a MIMO system or where beamforming is used at the base station). When the term "base station" refers to multiple non-co-located physical transmission points, the physical transmission points can be a distributed antenna system (DAS) (a network of spatially separated antennas connected via a transmission medium to a common source) or a remote radio headend (RRH) (a remote base station connected to the serving base station). Alternatively, non-co-located physical transmission points can be the serving base station receiving measurement reports from a UE (e.g., UE 604) and a neighboring base station where the UE is measuring its reference RF signal. Therefore, Figure 6 The diagram illustrates aspects of base stations 602a and 602b forming a DAS / RRH 620. For example, base station 602a can be the serving base station of UE 604, and base station 602b can be a neighboring base station of UE 604. Thus, base station 602b can be the RRH of base station 602a. Base stations 602a and 602b can communicate with each other via a wired or wireless link 622.

[0241] To accurately determine the location of UE 604 using the OTDOA and / or RSTD between the received RF signals from the network node, UE 604 needs to measure the reference RF signal received on the LOS path (or the shortest NLOS path in the case of an unavailable LOS path) between UE 604 and the network node (e.g., base station 602, antenna). However, because RF signals propagate from the transmitter and reflect off other objects (such as hills, buildings, water, etc.) on their path to the receiver, the RF signals travel not only along the LOS / shortest path between the transmitter and receiver but also along multiple other paths. Therefore, Figure 6 Multiple LOS paths 610 and multiple NLOS paths 612 between base station 602 and UE 604 are shown. Specifically, Figure 6 It is shown that base station 602 transmits on LOS path 610a and NLOS path 612a, base station 602b transmits on LOS path 610b and two NLOS paths 612b, base station 602c transmits on LOS path 610c and NLOS path 612c, and base station 602d transmits on two NLOS paths 612d. Figure 6As shown, each NLOS path 612 reflects away from an object 630 (e.g., a building). As will be understood, each LOS path 610 and NLOS path 612 transmitted by base station 602 may be transmitted by different antennas of base station 602 (e.g., as in a MIMO system), or may be transmitted by the same antenna of base station 602 (thus illustrating the propagation of RF signals). Furthermore, as used herein, the term "LOS path" refers to the shortest path between the transmitter and receiver, and may not be the actual LOS path, but rather the shortest NLOS path.

[0242] In one aspect, one or more of the base stations 602 can be configured to transmit RF signals using beamforming. In this case, some of the available beams can concentrate the transmitted RF signals along the LOS path 610 (e.g., the beam produces the highest antenna gain along the LOS path), while other available beams can concentrate the transmitted RF signals along the NLOS path 612. A beam with high gain along a certain path and therefore concentrates the RF signal along that path can still have some RF signal propagating along other paths; the strength of that RF signal naturally depends on the beam gain along those other paths. An “RF signal” includes electromagnetic waves that transmit information through space between a transmitter and a receiver. As used herein, a transmitter can transmit a single “RF signal” or multiple “RF signals” to a receiver. However, as further described below, due to the propagation characteristics of RF signals through multipath channels, a receiver can receive multiple “RF signals” corresponding to each transmitted RF signal.

[0243] When base station 602 uses beamforming to transmit RF signals, the beam of interest for data communication between base station 602 and UE 604 will be the RF-carrying beam that arrives at UE 604 with the highest signal strength (as indicated by, for example, Received Signal Received Power (RSRP) or SINR in the presence of directional interference). However, the beam of interest for location estimation will be the RF-carrying beam that induces the shortest path or LOS path (e.g., LOS path 610). In some frequency bands and for commonly used antenna systems, these will be the same beam. However, in other frequency bands (such as mmW), where a large number of antenna elements can typically be used to generate a narrow transmit beam, they may not be the same beam. See below for reference. Figure 7 As described, in some cases, the signal strength of the RF signal on the LOS path 610 may be weaker than that on the NLOS path 612 (e.g., due to obstruction), and the RF signal arrives later on the NLOS path 612 due to propagation delay.

[0244] Figure 7An exemplary wireless communication system 700 according to various aspects of this disclosure is shown. Figure 7 In the example, it can correspond to Figure 6 UE 604 and UE 704 are attempting to calculate an estimate of their location, or assisting another entity (e.g., a base station or core network component, another UE, a location server, a third-party application, etc.) in calculating its location estimate. UE 704 can wirelessly communicate with base station 702 using RF signals and standardized protocols for modulation of RF signals and exchange of information packets. Base station 702 can correspond to... Figure 6 One of the base stations 602 in the system.

[0245] like Figure 7 As shown, base station 702 is using beamforming to transmit multiple beams 711-715 of RF signals. Each beam 711-715 can be formed and transmitted through an array of antennas of base station 702. Although Figure 7 The diagram shows that base station 702 transmits five beams 711-715, but it will be understood that there may be more or fewer than five beams, the beam shapes (such as peak gain, width and sidelobe gain) may differ between the transmitted beams, and some of the beams may be transmitted by different base stations.

[0246] For the purpose of distinguishing RF signals associated with one beam from those associated with another, beam indices can be assigned to each of the multiple beams 711-715. Furthermore, the RF signal associated with a specific beam among the multiple beams 711-715 can carry a beam index indicator. The beam index can also be derived based on the transmission time of the RF signal (e.g., frame, time slot, and / or OFDM symbol number). The beam index indicator can be, for example, a three-bit field used to uniquely distinguish up to eight beams. If two different RF signals with different beam indices are received, this indicates that the RF signals were transmitted using different beams. If two different RF signals share a common beam index, this indicates that the different RF signals were transmitted using the same beam. Another way to describe two RF signals being transmitted using the same beam is to say that the antenna(s)(s) used for transmitting the first RF signal and the antenna(s) used for transmitting the second RF signal are spatially quasi-co-located.

[0247] exist Figure 7 In the example, UE 704 receives NLOS data stream 723 of RF signals transmitted on beam 713 and LOS data stream 724 of RF signals transmitted on beam 714. Although Figure 7The NLOS data stream 723 and LOS data stream 724 are shown as single lines (dashed or solid lines, respectively), but it will be understood that, for example, due to the propagation characteristics of RF signals through multipath channels, each of the NLOS data stream 723 and LOS data stream 724 may include multiple rays (i.e., “clusters”) by the time they reach UE 704. For example, clusters of RF signals are formed when electromagnetic waves are reflected off multiple surfaces of an object, and the reflections arrive at the receiver (e.g., UE 704) from approximately the same angle, with each reflection traveling a few wavelengths (e.g., centimeters) more or less than the others. A “cluster” of received RF signals typically corresponds to a single transmitted RF signal.

[0248] exist Figure 7 In the example, NLOS data stream 723 did not originally point to UE 704, but as will be understood, it could have originally pointed to UE 704, such as... Figure 6 The RF signal on NLOS path 612 is reflected away from reflector 740 (e.g., building) and reaches UE 704 unobstructed, and therefore can still be a relatively strong RF signal. Conversely, LOS data stream 724 is directed towards UE 704, but passes through obstructions 730 (e.g., vegetation, buildings, hills, disruptive environments such as clouds or smoke), which can significantly weaken the RF signal. As will be understood, although LOS data stream 724 is weaker than NLOS data stream 723, it will reach UE 704 before NLOS data stream 723 because LOS data stream 724 follows a shorter path from base station 702 to UE 704.

[0249] As noted above, the beam of interest for data communication between the base station (e.g., base station 702) and the UE (e.g., UE 704) is the beam carrying the RF signal arriving at the UE with the highest signal strength (e.g., highest RSRP or SINR), while the beam of interest for location estimation is the beam carrying the RF signal that triggers the LOS path and has the highest gain along the LOS path among all other beams (e.g., beam 714). That is, even if beam 713 (NLOS beam) barely triggers the LOS path (although not concentrated along the LOS path, but due to the propagation characteristics of the RF signal), if triggered, the weak signal (if any) of the LOS path of beam 713 may not be reliably detectable (compared to the signal from beam 714), thus leading to a larger error in performing positioning measurements.

[0250] While the beams of interest for data communication and the beams of interest for location estimation may be the same for some frequency bands, they may not be the same for other frequency bands (such as mmW). Thus, refer to... Figure 7When UE 704 is in a data communication session with base station 702 (e.g., where base station 702 is the serving base station of UE 704) and is not merely attempting to measure a reference RF signal transmitted by base station 702, the beam of interest for the data communication session could be beam 713, as it carries an unblocked NLOS data stream 723. However, the beam of interest for position estimation would be beam 714, as it carries the strongest LOS data stream 724 despite being blocked.

[0251] Figure 8A Figure 800A illustrates the RF channel response over time at a receiver (e.g., UE 704) according to aspects of this disclosure. Figure 8A Under the channel shown, the receiver receives a first cluster of two RF signals at the channel tap at time T1, a second cluster of five RF signals at the channel tap at time T2, a third cluster of five RF signals at the channel tap at time T3, and a fourth cluster of four RF signals at the channel tap at time T4. Figure 8A In the example, since the first cluster of RF signals arrives first at time T1, it is presumed to be a LOS data stream (i.e., a data stream arriving on the LOS or shortest path) and can correspond to LOS data stream 724. The third cluster at time T3 consists of the strongest RF signal and can correspond to NLOS data stream 723. From the transmitter's side, each cluster of received RF signals can include portions of the RF signal transmitted at different angles, and therefore each cluster can be said to have a different departure angle (AoD) originating from the transmitter. Figure 8B Figure 800B shows the clusters separated on the AoD. The RF signals transmitted within the AoD range 802a can correspond to Figure 8A A cluster (e.g., "cluster 1"), and the RF signal transmitted in the AoD range 802b can correspond to Figure 8A Different clusters (e.g., "cluster 3"). It should be noted that, although Figure 8B The AoD ranges of the two depicted clusters are spatially separated, but the AoD ranges of some clusters can also partially overlap, even if these clusters are temporally separated. For example, this can occur when two separate buildings on the same AoD originating from the transmitter reflect signals toward the receiver. It should be noted that although... Figure 8A Clusters of two to five channel taps (or “peaks”) are shown, but it will be understood that these clusters may have more or fewer channel taps than shown.

[0252] RAN1 (or radio layer) objectives for NR include downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) reference signals to support NR positioning technologies, some of which have already been described above (e.g., DL-TDOA, DL-AoD, UL-TDOA, UL-AoA, multi-cell RTT, and enhanced cell ID (E-CID)). For example, RAN1 NR can support E-CID downlink measurements based on RRM measurements, can identify whether and which 3GPP Rel-15 NR reference signals can be used for different NR positioning technologies, can define new DL positioning reference signals that are at least applicable to DL-TDOA, DL-AoD, and / or RTT, and can define UL SRS with possible positioning enhancements that are at least applicable to RTT, UL-TDOA, and / or UL-AoA.

[0253] RAN1 NR can define UE measurements for DL ​​reference signals (e.g., serving, reference, and / or neighboring cells) applicable to NR positioning, including DL reference signal time difference (RSTD) measurements for NR positioning, DL RSRP measurements for NR positioning, and UE Rx-Tx (e.g., hardware group delay from signal reception at the UE receiver to response signal transmission at the UE transmitter, such as time difference measurements for NR positioning, such as RTT).

[0254] RAN1 NR can define gNB measurements based on UL reference signals suitable for NR positioning, such as relative UL time of arrival (RTOA) for NR positioning, UL AoA measurements for NR positioning (e.g., including azimuth and zenith angles), UL RSRP measurements for NR positioning, and gNB Rx-Tx (e.g., the hardware group delay from signal reception at the gNB receiver to response signal transmission at the gNB transmitter, such as time difference measurements for NR positioning such as RTT).

[0255] Physical layer procedures can also be defined in RAN1 NR to facilitate UE and / or gNB measurements for NR positioning.

[0256] As noted above, PRS is defined for NR positioning to enable the UE to detect and measure multiple adjacent TRPs. Several PRS configurations are supported to enable various PRS deployments (e.g., indoor, outdoor, sub-6GHz, mmW). To support PRS beam operation, beam scanning is supported for PRS. Examples of the configuration of the reference signal used for positioning are shown in Table 3, as follows:

[0257]

[0258]

[0259] Table 3: Configuration of reference signals used for positioning

[0260] In NR, a frequency stratum refers to a group of frequency domain resources with shared characteristics (such as common SCS, cyclic prefix (CP), etc.) on the same bandwidth. For TDOA, a single TRP reference is defined across a single frequency stratum. A single TRP reference can be specified in the location assistance data (AD) transmitted from the network to the UE.

[0261] One or more aspects of this disclosure aim to associate a single reference TRP for each of multiple frequency domain resources (e.g., frequency layers, frequency bands, CC, etc.). Such an approach can provide several technical advantages, such as greater flexibility for certain positioning schemes (e.g., multiple reference TRPs can be used for TDOA, etc.), which can improve the accuracy of UE positioning estimation. In some designs, such an approach may be particularly useful in loosely synchronized or asynchronous networks.

[0262] "On-demand" PRS refers to a request by a UE or another entity (e.g., the target device) for appropriate PRS resources (e.g., a subset of TRP, specific direction / beam, period, PRS configuration, etc.) based on needs / requirements determined by the target device.

[0263] For example, on-demand PRS requests can allow for an increase in resources allocated to DL PRS transmissions (e.g., increased bandwidth, specific TRPs, or beam directions) and may indicate when DL PRS transmissions are no longer needed. Increased DL PRS transmissions can be simplified by being restricted to only certain PRS configurations, which may be configured in the gNB and / or LMF. For example, in the absence of any requests for increased PRS transmissions, there may be a set of PRS configuration parameters corresponding to “regular” PRS transmissions. In some networks, “regular” PRS transmissions may be equivalent to no PRS transmissions at all (to minimize resource usage). Then, there may be one or more tiers of increased PRS transmissions, each associated with a different set of PRS configuration parameters. In the simplest case, PRS transmissions may only be enabled via on-demand PRS requests when needed and disabled when not needed, depending on the default set of PRS configuration parameters.

[0264] A measurement gap (MG) refers to a period of time during which the UE suspends 'regular' communications (e.g., control signaling and / or data traffic) to perform one or more measurements (e.g., inter-frequency measurements, inter-RAT measurements, inter-cell measurements, positioning measurements such as PRS, etc.). In NR, the permitted MG configuration depends on the associated FR being used (e.g., FR1 or FR2). A UE can request only one MG across FR1 or FR2. Therefore, for CAs within the same FR, all CCs are affected by the MG. During the measurement gap, the UE tunes to a target frequency (e.g., for RRM and / or positioning measurements, etc.), after which the UE tunes back to the source frequency. Because the UE is not time-synchronized relative to the uplink for inter-frequency and / or inter-RAT cells, no transmissions (e.g., FDD or TDD) are permitted.

[0265] Figure 9 A measurement gap pattern 900 according to one aspect of this disclosure is shown. Figure 9 In this section, measurement gaps (MG) are scheduled on a periodic basis. Specific examples of parameters associated with the measurement gap 900 will now be described. The gapOffset (MGO) can be defined as the offset of the gap pattern. There are approximately 160 offset values, but not all values ​​apply to all periods. The offset value points to the starting subframe within the time period, and its value ranges from 0 to MGRP-1. For example, if the period is 20ms, the offset ranges from 0 to 19. The measurement gap length (MGL) is the length of the measurement gap in milliseconds (ms). In some designs, MGL can be configured to 1.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 5.5, or 6ms. In other designs, MGL can be configured to 10, 18, 20, 34, 40, or 50ms. The measurement gap repetition period (MGRP) defines the period (in milliseconds) during which the measurement gap repeats. In some designs, MGRP can be configured to 20, 40, 80, or 160ms. In other designs, MGRP can be configured to 80, 160, 320, or 640ms. Measurement gap timing advance (MGTA) can also be optionally configured. If MGTA is configured, the UE begins measurement MGTA ms before the gap subframe appears. The timing advance amount can be 0.25ms (FR2) or 0.5ms (FR1).

[0266] Figure 10 A measurement gap pattern 1000 according to another aspect of this disclosure is shown. (Reference) Figure 10For RTT measurements (e.g., Tx-Rx measurements), the UE can decode the DL PRS and then send the UL SRS-P to calculate the Tx-Rx difference. A shorter Tx-Rx is generally associated with a more accurate UE positioning estimate. If the Tx-Rx difference is large, propagation delay and / or channel properties can change significantly between the PRS and SRS-P, increasing the UE positioning estimation error. Because the SRS-P cannot be sent during the measurement interval, the MGL can affect the Tx-Rx difference. For example, in... Figure 10 In this context, the Tx-Rx difference between the PRS and SRS (in this case, SRS-P) is shown as 1005. In 3GPP Rel.16, the gap length can be set between 6 ms and 50 ms.

[0267] Figure 11A An MG configuration 1100A across corresponding FRs of CC 1-4 is shown according to one aspect of this disclosure. Figure 11A In this aspect, the MG configuration 1100A includes overlapping MGs on each of CC 1-4. For example... Figure 11A As shown, during MG, the UE measures PRS 11 and 12 on CC1, and then transmits SRS-P 11 and 12 after MG. SRS-P 11 is associated with PRS 11, and SRS-P 12 is associated with PRS 12. The Tx-Rx difference between SRS-P 11 and PRS 11 is denoted as 1105A, and the Tx-Rx difference between SRS-P 12 and PRS 12 is denoted as 1110A.

[0268] Figure 11B An MG configuration 1100B across corresponding FRs of CC 1-4 is shown according to one aspect of this disclosure. Figure 11B In this aspect, MG configuration 1100B includes overlapping MGs on each of CC 1-4. For example... Figure 11BAs shown, during MG, the UE measures PRS 11 and 12 on CC1, and then transmits SRS-P 11 and 12 after MG. SRS-P 11 is associated with PRS 11, and SRS-P 12 is associated with PRS 12. During MG, the UE also measures PRS 31 and 32 on CC3, and then transmits SRS-P 31 and 32 after MG. SRS-P 31 is associated with PRS 31, and SRS-P 32 is associated with PRS 32. The Tx-Rx difference between SRS-P 11 and PRS 11 is denoted as 1105B, and the Tx-Rx difference between SRS-P 12 and PRS 12 is denoted as 1110B. The Tx-Rx difference between SRS-P 31 and PRS 31 is denoted as 1115B, and the Tx-Rx difference between SRS-P 32 and PRS 32 is denoted as 1120B.

[0269] In some designs, on-demand PRS requests can be received in association with MG requests on some or all of the frequency domain resources selected by the UE. This approach can provide several technical advantages, including reduced power consumption at the UE. In some designs, an MG request can request a specific frequency domain resource (e.g., CC / band / layer) or a combination of frequency domain resources (e.g., CC / band / layer). In some designs, on-demand PRS requests can independently request MGs on both FR1 and FR2 in the same message. In one example, the MG request and the on-demand PRS request can be part of the same message (e.g., the UE can jointly request specific MG and PRS configurations and / or sequences of MG and PRS on, for example, a specific CC, CC combination, band, band combination, FR, etc.). In some designs, frequency domain resources for which MGs are not configured can sleep during MGs on (or in other words, put the RF chain at the UE regarding non-MG frequency domain resources to sleep). However, in other implementations, non-MG frequency domain resources can use the time corresponding to the MG for other purposes, such as maintaining communications available for control and / or data (e.g., transmission and reception). In another example, RF chain sleep modes for non-MG frequency domain resources can also occur on the network side (e.g., although power consumption is not such a significant thing on the network side).

[0270] Figure 12A An MG configuration 1200A for CC 1-4 of the corresponding FR is shown according to one aspect of this disclosure. Figure 12A In terms of configuration, the MG configuration 1200A only includes the MG on the CC1. For example... Figure 12AAs shown, during MG, the UE measures PRS11 and 12 on CC1, and then transmits SRS-P 11 and 12 on CC1 after MG. SRS-P 11 is associated with PRS 11, and SRS-P 12 is associated with PRS 12. The Tx-Rx difference between SRS-P 11 and PRS 11 is denoted as 1205A, and the Tx-Rx difference between SRS-P 12 and PRS 12 is denoted as 1210A.

[0271] Figure 12B An MG configuration 1200B across corresponding FRs of CC 1-4 is shown according to one aspect of this disclosure. Figure 12B In terms of configuration, the MG configuration 1200B only includes overlapping MGs on CC1 and CC3. For example... Figure 12B As shown, during MG, the UE measures PRS 11 and 12 on CC1, and then transmits SRS-P 11 and 12 on CC1 after MG. SRS-P 11 is associated with PRS 11, and SRS-P 12 is associated with PRS 12. During MG, the UE also measures PRS 31 and 32 on CC3, and then transmits SRS-P 31 and 32 on CC3 after MG. SRS-P 31 is associated with PRS 31, and SRS-P 32 is associated with PRS 32. The Tx-Rx difference between SRS-P11 and PRS 11 is denoted as 1205B, and the Tx-Rx difference between SRS-P12 and PRS 12 is denoted as 1210B. The Tx-Rx difference between SRS-P 31 and PRS 31 is denoted as 1215B, and the Tx-Rx difference between SRS-P 32 and PRS 32 is denoted as 1220B.

[0272] As discussed above, a shorter Tx-Rx difference can be associated with improved accuracy in UE positioning estimation. One or more aspects of this disclosure aim to reduce the Tx-Rx difference via inter-frequency RS-P (e.g., SRS-P) transmissions during measurement periods (e.g., measurement gaps). This approach can provide a variety of technical advantages, including improved accuracy in UE positioning estimation.

[0273] Figure 13 An exemplary process 1300 for wireless communication according to aspects of this disclosure is illustrated. In one aspect, process 1300 may be performed by a UE (such as...) Figure 3A UE 302) is used to execute.

[0274] At 1310, UE 302 (e.g., receiver 312, receiver 322, etc.) receives configurations of multiple frequency domain resources from the base station, where each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with bandwidth and subcarrier spacing (SCS). In some designs, at least one of the multiple frequency domain resources may include corresponding multiple frequency bands, corresponding multiple frequency layers, or corresponding multiple CCs, or any combination thereof. In some designs, at least one of the multiple frequency domain resources may include a bandwidth portion (BWP). In some designs, each corresponding frequency domain resource may include multiple frequency bands, frequency layers, or CCs. In other designs, each corresponding frequency domain resource may include a single frequency band, frequency layer, or CC. In other designs, the multiple frequency domain resources may include some frequency domain resources having multiple frequency bands, frequency layers, or CCs and some frequency domain resources having a single frequency band, frequency layer, or CC. In one example, the configuration at 1310 may be received via RRC signaling, MAC-CE, etc.

[0275] At 1320, UE 302 (e.g., receiver 312, receiver 322, etc.) receives from the base station a PRS configuration that configures the Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) on a first frequency domain resource among multiple frequency domain resources. In one example, the configuration at 1320 can be transmitted via RRC signaling, MAC-CE, etc. In another example, the PRS configuration can be determined at the LMF and then relayed to UE 302 via the base station. In other designs, the LMF can be integrated as part of the base station itself.

[0276] At 1330, UE 302 (e.g., receiver 312, receiver 322, etc.) receives from the base station a first RS-P configuration that configures a reference signal (RS-P) for positioning on a second frequency domain resource among multiple frequency domain resources. In some designs, the RS-P configuration corresponds to a probe RS-P (SRS-P) configuration that configures SRS. In some designs, the first and second frequency domain resources are associated with the same timing advance group (TAG). In one example, the configuration at 1330 can be transmitted via RRC signaling, MAC-CE, etc. In some designs, the TAG is configured via MAC-CE. In one example, cells that are part of the same TAG can be associated with the same uplink transmission timing. In one aspect, the first and second frequency domain resources do not overlap in frequency.

[0277] At 1340, UE 302 (e.g., receiver 312, receiver 322, positioning module 342, processing system 332, etc.) performs one or more positioning measurements of the PRS on the first frequency domain resource during a measurement period (e.g., a measurement gap or MG) associated with the first frequency domain resource. For example, one or more positioning measurements may include one or more TOA measurements as part of an RTT measurement procedure. In other designs, one or more positioning measurements may involve any type of RTT measurement (e.g., an Rx-Tx measurement such as the Rx-Tx measurement between the reception of the PRS and the transmission of the SRS-P at the UE) rather than a TOA. While some of the examples below specifically involve measurement gaps (e.g., for mobility measurements, retuning, etc.), the measurement periods indicated above can correspond to any type of period during which the UE can measure the PRS.

[0278] At 1350, UE 302 (e.g., transmitter 314, transmitter 324, positioning module 342, processing system 332, etc.) transmits RS-P on a second frequency domain resource during the measurement period. In one aspect, the measurement period (e.g., measurement gap) on the first frequency domain resource is not configured for (or associated with) the second frequency domain resource. As will be discussed in more detail below, RS-P (e.g., inter-frequency RS-P in this case, compared to PRS from 1340, can be transmitted faster (or with less delay / latency) than the time RS-P can be transmitted on the first frequency domain resource due to the measurement period (e.g., measurement gap) on the first frequency domain resource. It should be noted that some legacy systems propagate measurement gaps across all configured frequency domain resources, in which case inter-frequency SRS-P cannot be used in this manner.

[0279] Figure 14 An exemplary flow 1400 of wireless communication according to an aspect of this disclosure is illustrated. In one aspect, flow 1400 may be provided by a BS (such as...) Figure 3B BS 304) to execute.

[0280] At 1410, BS 304 (e.g., transmitter 354, transmitter 364, etc.) transmits configurations of multiple frequency domain resources to the user equipment (UE), where each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with bandwidth and subcarrier spacing (SCS). In some designs, at least one of the multiple frequency domain resources may include corresponding multiple frequency bands, corresponding multiple frequency layers, or corresponding multiple CCs, or any combination thereof. In some designs, at least one of the multiple frequency domain resources may include a bandwidth portion (BWP). In some designs, each corresponding frequency domain resource may include multiple frequency bands, frequency layers, or CCs. In other designs, each corresponding frequency domain resource may include a single frequency band, frequency layer, or CC. In other designs, the multiple frequency domain resources may include some frequency domain resources having multiple frequency bands, frequency layers, or CCs and some frequency domain resources having a single frequency band, frequency layer, or CC. In one example, the configuration at 1410 may be transmitted via RRC signaling, MAC-CE, etc.

[0281] At 1420, BS 304 (e.g., transmitter 354, transmitter 364, etc.) transmits to the UE the PRS configuration, which configures the Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) on a first frequency domain resource among multiple frequency domain resources. In one example, the configuration at 1420 can be transmitted via RRC signaling, MAC-CE, etc. In another example, the PRS configuration can be determined at LMF and then relayed to the UE via the base station. In other designs, the LMF can be integrated as part of the base station itself.

[0282] At 1430, BS 304 (e.g., transmitter 354, transmitter 364, etc.) transmits to the UE an RS-P configuration that configures the reference signal (RS-P) used for positioning on a second frequency domain resource among multiple frequency domain resources. In some designs, the RS-P configuration corresponds to the probe RS-P (SRS-P) configuration that configures the SRS. In some designs, the first and second frequency domain resources are associated with the same timing advance group (TAG). In one example, the configuration at 1430 can be transmitted via RRC signaling, MAC-CE, etc. In some designs, the TAG is configured via MAC-CE. In one example, cells that are part of the same TAG can be associated with the same uplink transmission timing. In one aspect, the first and second frequency domain resources do not overlap in frequency.

[0283] At 1440, BS 304 (e.g., transmitter 354, transmitter 364, etc.) transmits PRS to the UE during a measurement period (e.g., a measurement gap) associated with the first frequency domain resource (e.g., a measurement interval). While some examples below specifically relate to measurement gaps (e.g., for mobility measurements, retuning, etc.), the measurement periods indicated above can correspond to any type of period during which the UE can measure PRS.

[0284] At 1450, BS 304 (e.g., receiver 352, receiver 362, positioning module 388, processing system 384, etc.) performs one or more positioning measurements of SRS-P on a second frequency domain resource during a measurement period (e.g., a measurement gap). For example, one or more positioning measurements may include one or more TOA measurements as part of an RTT measurement process. In other designs, one or more positioning measurements may involve any type of RTT measurement (e.g., an Rx-Tx measurement such as the Rx-Tx measurement between the reception of PRS at the UE and the transmission of SRS-P), rather than TOA. As will be discussed in more detail below, RS-P (e.g., inter-frequency RS-P in this case, compared to the time RS-P can be transmitted on the first frequency domain resource due to the measurement period (e.g., the measurement gap) on the first frequency domain resource can be transmitted faster (or with less delay / delay) than PRS from 1440. It should be noted that some legacy systems propagate measurement gaps across all configured frequency domain resources, in which case inter-frequency SRS-P cannot be used in this manner. In one aspect, measurement periods (e.g., measurement gaps) on the first frequency domain resource are not configured for (or associated with) the second frequency domain resource.

[0285] refer to Figure 13-14 In some designs, BS 304 may send a message (e.g., RRC, MAC-CE, or DCI signaling) to UE 302 indicating an explicit association between PRS and RS-P (e.g., SRS-P). In some designs, the explicit association may be from PRS to RS-P (e.g., SRS-P) or from a measurement period (e.g., a measurement gap) to RS-P (e.g., SRS-P). In other designs, the association between PRS and RS-P (e.g., SRS-P) is implicit based on the following:

[0286] • A measurement period (e.g., a measurement gap) is configured on a first frequency domain resource while no corresponding measurement gap is configured on a second frequency domain resource (e.g., CC1 has an MG and CC1 is disabled for SRS-P transmission, while CC2 does not have an MG and is enabled for SRS-P transmission, allowing CC2 to be used for SRS-P transmission), or

[0287] • An RS-P (e.g., an SRS-P) is the first (e.g., initial) RS-P on any of a plurality of frequency domain resources following a PRS on a first frequency domain resource (e.g., a gNB would simply assume that the next SRS-P on any CC is associated with the most recent PRS), or

[0288] • The first and second frequency domain resources are associated with the same corresponding TAG (e.g., SRS-P on any cell that is not part of a TAG is not associated with PRS from a cell in the TAG), or

[0289] • A predefined association between the PRS on the first frequency domain resource and the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource (e.g., CC1 and CC2 can be controlled to not have overlapping MGs, and CC2 can always be used for SRS-P transmission of the PRS on CC1, etc.), or

[0290] ...any combination thereof.

[0291] refer to Figure 13-14 In some designs, see the following references Figure 17 In more detail, the association (or mapping) between PRS and RS-P (e.g., SRS-P) can change dynamically. For example, BS 304 can send a second RS-P (e.g., SRS-P) configuration to UE 302 that moves an RS-P (e.g., SRS-P) from a second frequency domain resource to a different frequency domain resource associated with the same TAG. In some designs, the second RS-P (e.g., RS-P) configuration can disable the second frequency domain resource (e.g., if the SRS-P is on CC2 according to the initial SRS-P configuration, then CC2 is disabled, and the SRS-P is now associated with another CC that is still enabled), or it can enable another frequency domain resource (e.g., CC2 was previously disabled, and the enabling of CC2 serves as an implicit indication to associate the SRS-P with the newly enabled CC2), or a combination thereof.

[0292] Figure 15 They respectively showed according to Figures 13-14 Example implementation of process 1300-1400 for MG configuration 1500 of CC 1-4 for corresponding FR. In Figure 15 In terms of configuration, the MG configuration 1500 only includes the MG on the CC1. For example... Figure 15As shown, during MG, the UE measures PRS 11 and 12 on CC1, and then transmits SRS-P 11 and 12 on CC3 (instead of CC1) during MG. SRS-P 11 is associated with PRS 11, and SRS-P 12 is associated with PRS 12. The Tx-Rx difference between SRS-P 11 and PRS 11 is expressed as 1505, and the Tx-Rx difference between SRS-P 12 and PRS 12 is expressed as 1510. Accordingly, compared to Figure 12A The MG configuration 1200A, by switching to CC3 for 'inter-frequency' SRS-P transmission, allows SRS-P 11 and 12 to be transmitted faster.

[0293] Figure 16 They respectively showed according to Figures 13-14 Another example implementation of process 1300-1400 is the MG configuration 1600 across the corresponding FRs CC 1-4. Figure 16 In terms of configuration, the MG 1600 only includes overlapping MGs on CC1 and CC3. For example... Figure 15 As shown, during MG, the UE measures PRS 11 and 12 on CC1, and then transmits SRS-P 11 and 12 on CC2 (instead of CC1) during MG. SRS-P 11 is associated with PRS 11, and SRS-P 12 is associated with PRS 12. During MG, the UE also measures PRS 31 and 32 on CC3, and then transmits SRS-P 31 and 32 on CC2 (instead of CC3) during MG. SRS-P 31 is associated with PRS 31, and SRS-P 32 is associated with PRS 32. The Tx-Rx difference between SRS-P 11 and PRS 11 is represented as 1605, and the Tx-Rx difference between SRS-P 12 and PRS 12 is represented as 1610. The Tx-Rx difference between SRS-P 31 and PRS 31 is expressed as 1615, and the Tx-Rx difference between SRS-P 32 and PRS 32 is expressed as 1620. Accordingly, compared to Figure 12B The MG configuration 1200B allows SRS-P 11, 12, and 31 to be transmitted faster by switching to CC2 for 'inter-frequency' SRS-P transmission.

[0294] refer to Figures 15-16 This will help to understand that the CC (or multiple CCs) used for SRS-P transmission is flexible and variable. For example, in Figure 15 In this context, SRS-P 11 and 12 can be sent on different CCs, and... Figure 16 In this context, any of SRS-P11, 12, and 31 can be sent on different CCs. Furthermore, although... Figures 15-16While CC is involved, in other designs, as noted above, frequency domain resources can be configured as frequency layers, frequency bands, etc.

[0295] Figure 17 Each of the other aspects according to this disclosure is shown. Figures 13-14 Example implementation 1700 of process 1300-1400. In Figure 17 In this respect, the LMF is described as part of a separate network component 306 from the BS 304. In other designs, the LMF can be integrated as part of the BS 304 (e.g., in this case, communication between the BS 304 and the integrated LMF is between logical components).

[0296] refer to Figure 17 The positioning session used to determine the positioning estimate of UE 302 begins at 1702. At 1704, LMF 306 sends PRS configuration to UE 302 via BS 304. At 1706, BS 304 sends SRS-P configuration to UE 302. Although in Figure 17 While not explicitly shown, SRS-P configuration can also be sent to one or more neighboring cells that are also participating in the location session. Although in Figure 17 Not explicitly shown, but it is assumed that BS 304 and UE 302 send and measure the corresponding positioning signals. At 1708, UE 302 sends a measurement report (e.g., including PRS-related measurements) to LMF 306. At 1710, BS 304 enables one or more CCs. At 1712, BS 304 sends a new SRS-P configuration (or reconfiguration) to UE 302 (e.g., moving SRS-P to a newly enabled CC). At 1714, UE 302 sends another measurement report (e.g., including PRS-related measurements) to LMF 306. At 1716, BS 304 disables one or more CCs. At 1718, BS 304 sends a new SRS-P configuration (or reconfiguration) to UE 302 (e.g., moving SRS-P away from a disabled CC). At 1720, UE 302 sends another measurement report (e.g., including PRS-related measurements) to LMF 306.

[0297] As can be seen in the detailed description above, different features are combined together in the examples. This manner of disclosure should not be construed as an intention to have more features than those explicitly mentioned in each clause. Rather, aspects of this disclosure may include fewer features than all the features of the individual example clauses disclosed. Therefore, the following clauses should be regarded accordingly as incorporated into the specification, whereby each clause may stand alone as an independent example. Although each dependent clause may refer in its clause to a specific combination with one of the other clauses, the aspects(s) of that dependent clause are not limited to that specific combination. It will be understood that other example clauses may also include combinations(s) of aspects of dependent clauses with the subject matter of any other dependent or independent clause, or any feature combined with other dependent and independent clauses. The aspects disclosed herein expressly include these combinations unless explicitly stated or readily inferred that a particular combination is not intended to be used (e.g., contradictory aspects, such as defining an element as both an insulator and a conductor). Furthermore, it is intended that aspects of a clause may be included in any other independent clause, even if that clause is not directly subordinate to that independent clause.

[0298] Examples of implementation methods are described in the following numbered clauses:

[0299] Clause 1. A method of operating a user equipment (UE), comprising: receiving from a base station a configuration of a plurality of frequency domain resources, wherein each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with a bandwidth and a subcarrier spacing (SCS); receiving from an implementing base station a PRS configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (PRS) on a first frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; receiving from the base station a first RS-P configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (RS-P) on a second frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; performing one or more positioning measurements on the PRS on the first frequency domain resource during a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource; and transmitting the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource during the measurement period.

[0300] Clause 2. The method according to Clause 1, wherein the RS-P configuration corresponds to the SRS-P configuration for configuring the detection of the RS-P (SRS-P).

[0301] Clause 3. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 2, wherein the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0302] Clause 4. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 3, wherein the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource do not overlap in frequency.

[0303] Clause 5. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 4, wherein the measurement period corresponds to the measurement interval (MG).

[0304] Clause 6. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 5, wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency bands, or wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency layers, or wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of component carriers (CCs).

[0305] Clause 7. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 6, wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a bandwidth portion (BWP).

[0306] Clause 8. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 7, wherein the UE is configured to perform round-trip time (RTT) measurements based on the PRS and the RS-P.

[0307] Clause 9. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 8 further comprises: receiving a message indicating an explicit association between the PRS and the RS-P, wherein the explicit association is from the PRS to the RS-P or from the measurement period to the RS-P.

[0308] Clause 10. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 9, wherein the association between the PRS and the RS-P is implicitly based on the following: the measurement period is configured on the first frequency domain resource without a corresponding measurement period configured on the second frequency domain resource; or the RS-P is an initial RS-P on any of the plurality of frequency domain resources following the PRS on the first frequency domain resource; or the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with the same corresponding timing advance group (TAG); or a predefined association between the PRS on the first frequency domain resource and the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource; or any combination thereof.

[0309] Clause 11. The method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 10 further comprises: receiving a second RS-P configuration that transforms the RS-P from the second frequency domain resource to a different frequency domain resource associated with the same Timing Advance Group (TAG) entry.

[0310] Clause 12. The method according to Clause 11, wherein the second RS-P configuration disables the second frequency domain resource, enables another frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

[0311] Clause 13. A method of operating a base station, comprising: transmitting to a user equipment (UE) a configuration of a plurality of frequency domain resources, wherein each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with a bandwidth and a subcarrier spacing (SCS); transmitting to the UE a PRS configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (PRS) on a first frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; transmitting to the UE an RS-P configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (RS-P) on a second frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; transmitting the PRS to the UE during a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource; and performing one or more positioning measurements on the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource during the measurement period.

[0312] Clause 14. The method according to Clause 13, wherein the RS-P configuration corresponds to the SRS-P configuration for configuring the probe RS-P (SRS-P).

[0313] Clause 15. The method according to any one of Clauses 13 to 14, wherein the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0314] Clause 16. The method according to any one of Clauses 13 to 15, wherein the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource do not overlap in frequency.

[0315] Clause 17. The method according to any one of Clauses 13 to 16, wherein the measurement period corresponds to the measurement interval (MG).

[0316] Clause 18. The method according to any one of Clauses 13 to 17 further comprises: sending to at least one neighboring base station an indication of some or all of the RS-P configuration to facilitate one or more positioning measurements of the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource by means of the at least one neighboring base station.

[0317] Clause 19. The method according to any one of Clauses 13 to 18 further comprises: sending an instruction to the Location Management Function (LMF) regarding some or all of the RS-P configuration.

[0318] Clause 20. The method according to any one of Clauses 13 to 19 further comprises: receiving a message from a Location Management Function (LMF), wherein the RS-P configuration, in response to the message, configures the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource.

[0319] Clause 21. The method according to Clause 20, wherein the message requests moving the RS-P within the measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource, or wherein the message requests configuring the RS-P within a threshold time amount following the PRS, or wherein the message requests configuring the RS-P on a frequency domain resource different from the PRS, or wherein the message requests configuring the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

[0320] Clause 22. The method according to any one of Clauses 13 to 21, wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency bands, or wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency layers, or wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of component carriers (CCs).

[0321] Clause 23. The method according to any one of Clauses 13 to 22, wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a bandwidth portion (BWP).

[0322] Clause 24. The method according to any one of Clauses 13 to 23, wherein the UE is configured to perform round-trip time (RTT) measurements based on the PRS and the RS-P.

[0323] Clause 25. The method according to any one of Clauses 13 to 24 further comprises: sending a message indicating an explicit association between the PRS and the RS-P, wherein the explicit association is from the PRS to the RS-P or from the measurement period to the RS-P.

[0324] Clause 26. The method according to any one of Clauses 13 to 25, wherein the association between the PRS and the RS-P is implicitly based on the following: the measurement period is configured on the first frequency domain resource without a corresponding measurement period configured on the second frequency domain resource; or the RS-P is an initial RS-P on any of the plurality of frequency domain resources following the PRS on the first frequency domain resource; or the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with the same corresponding timing advance group (TAG); or a predefined association between the PRS on the first frequency domain resource and the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource; or any combination thereof.

[0325] Clause 27. The method according to any one of Clauses 13 to 26 further comprises: sending a second RS-P configuration that transforms the RS-P from the second frequency domain resource to a different frequency domain resource associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0326] Clause 28. The method according to Clause 27, wherein the second RS-P configuration disables the second frequency domain resource, enables another frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

[0327] Clause 29. A user equipment (UE) comprising: a memory; at least one transceiver; and at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory and the at least one transceiver, the at least one processor being configured to: receive configurations of a plurality of frequency domain resources from a base station via the at least one transceiver, wherein each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with a bandwidth and a subcarrier spacing (SCS); receive from the base station via the at least one transceiver a PRS configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (PRS) on a first frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; receive from the base station via the at least one transceiver a first RS-P configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (RS-P) on a second frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; perform one or more positioning measurements on the PRS on the first frequency domain resource during a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource; and transmit the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource via the at least one transceiver during the measurement period.

[0328] Clause 30. The UE as described in Clause 29, wherein the RS-P configuration corresponds to the SRS-P configuration for configuring the detection RS-P (SRS-P).

[0329] Clause 31. The UE as described in any of Clauses 29 to 30, wherein the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0330] Clause 32. The UE according to any one of Clauses 29 to 31, wherein the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource do not overlap in frequency.

[0331] Clause 33. The UE as described in any one of Clauses 29 to 32, wherein the measurement period corresponds to the measurement interval (MG).

[0332] Clause 34. The UE according to any one of Clauses 29 to 33, wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency bands, or wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency layers, or wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of component carriers (CCs).

[0333] Clause 35. The UE as described in any one of Clauses 29 to 34, wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a bandwidth portion (BWP).

[0334] Clause 36. The UE as described in any one of Clauses 29 to 35, wherein the UE is configured to perform round-trip time (RTT) measurements based on the PRS and the RS-P.

[0335] Clause 37. The UE according to any one of Clauses 29 to 36, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: receive, via the at least one transceiver, a message indicating an explicit association between the PRS and the RS-P, wherein the explicit association is from the PRS to the RS-P or from the measurement period to the RS-P.

[0336] Clause 38. A UE according to any one of Clauses 29 to 37, wherein the association between the PRS and the RS-P is implicitly based on the following: the measurement period is configured on the first frequency domain resource without a corresponding measurement period configured on the second frequency domain resource; or the RS-P is an initial RS-P on any of the plurality of frequency domain resources following the PRS on the first frequency domain resource; or the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with the same corresponding timing advance group (TAG); or a predefined association between the PRS on the first frequency domain resource and the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource; or any combination thereof.

[0337] Clause 39. The UE according to any one of Clauses 29 to 38, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: receive via the at least one transceiver a second RS-P configuration that transforms the RS-P from the second frequency domain resource to a different frequency domain resource associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0338] Clause 40. The UE as described in Clause 39, wherein the second RS-P configuration disables the second frequency domain resource, enables another frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

[0339] Clause 41. A base station comprising: a memory; at least one transceiver; and at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory and the at least one transceiver, the at least one processor being configured to: transmit to a user equipment (UE) via the at least one transceiver the configuration of a plurality of frequency domain resources, wherein each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with a bandwidth and a subcarrier spacing (SCS); transmit to the UE via the at least one transceiver a PRS configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (PRS) on a first frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; transmit to the UE via the at least one transceiver a RS-P configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (RS-P) on a second frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; transmit the PRS to the UE via the at least one transceiver during a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource; and perform one or more positioning measurements on the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource during the measurement period.

[0340] Clause 42. The base station according to Clause 41, wherein the RS-P configuration corresponds to the SRS-P configuration for configuring probe RS-P (SRS-P).

[0341] Clause 43. A base station according to any one of Clauses 41 to 42, wherein the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0342] Clause 44. A base station according to any one of Clauses 41 to 43, wherein the first frequency domain resources and the second frequency domain resources do not overlap in frequency.

[0343] Clause 45. A base station according to any one of Clauses 41 to 44, wherein the measurement period corresponds to a measurement interval (MG).

[0344] Clause 46. A base station according to any one of Clauses 41 to 45, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: transmit instructions for some or all of the RS-P configuration to at least one neighboring base station via the at least one transceiver to facilitate one or more positioning measurements of the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource by the at least one neighboring base station.

[0345] Clause 47. A base station according to any one of Clauses 41 to 46, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: transmit instructions on some or all of the RS-P configuration to the Location Management Function (LMF) via the at least one transceiver.

[0346] Clause 48. A base station according to any one of Clauses 41 to 47, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: receive a message from a Location Management Function (LMF) via the at least one transceiver, wherein the RS-P configuration configures the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource in response to the message.

[0347] Clause 49. A base station as described in Clause 48, wherein the message requests moving the RS-P within the measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource, or wherein the message requests configuring the RS-P within a threshold time amount following the PRS, or wherein the message requests configuring the RS-P on a frequency domain resource different from the PRS, or wherein the message requests configuring the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

[0348] Clause 50. A base station according to any one of Clauses 41 to 49, wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency bands, or wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency layers, or wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of component carriers (CCs).

[0349] Clause 51. A base station according to any one of Clauses 41 to 50, wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a bandwidth portion (BWP).

[0350] Clause 52. A base station according to any one of Clauses 41 to 51, wherein the UE is configured to perform round-trip time (RTT) measurements based on the PRS and the RS-P.

[0351] Clause 53. A base station according to any one of Clauses 41 to 52, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: transmit via the at least one transceiver a message indicating an explicit association between the PRS and the RS-P, wherein the explicit association is from the PRS to the RS-P or from the measurement period to the RS-P.

[0352] Clause 54. A base station according to any one of Clauses 41 to 53, wherein the association between the PRS and the RS-P is implicitly based on the following: the measurement period is configured on the first frequency domain resource without a corresponding measurement period configured on the second frequency domain resource; or the RS-P is an initial RS-P on any of the plurality of frequency domain resources following the PRS on the first frequency domain resource; or the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with the same corresponding timing advance group (TAG); or a predefined association between the PRS on the first frequency domain resource and the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource; or any combination thereof.

[0353] Clause 55. A base station according to any one of Clauses 41 to 54, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: transmit via the at least one transceiver a second RS-P configuration that transforms the RS-P from the second frequency domain resource to a different frequency domain resource associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0354] Clause 56. The base station as described in Clause 55, wherein the second RS-P configuration disables the second frequency domain resource, enables another frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

[0355] Clause 57. A user equipment (UE) comprising: means for receiving configurations of a plurality of frequency domain resources from a base station, wherein each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with a bandwidth and a subcarrier spacing (SCS); means for receiving from the base station a PRS configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (PRS) on a first frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; means for receiving from the base station a first RS-P configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (RS-P) on a second frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; means for performing one or more positioning measurements on the PRS on the first frequency domain resource during a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource; and means for transmitting the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource during the measurement period.

[0356] Clause 58. The UE as described in Clause 57, wherein the RS-P configuration corresponds to the SRS-P configuration for configuring probe RS-P (SRS-P).

[0357] Clause 59. The UE as described in any of Clauses 57 to 58, wherein the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0358] Clause 60. The UE as described in any one of Clauses 57 to 59, wherein the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource do not overlap in frequency.

[0359] Clause 61. The UE as described in any one of Clauses 57 to 60, wherein the measurement period corresponds to the measurement interval (MG).

[0360] Clause 62. The UE according to any one of Clauses 57 to 61, wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency bands, or wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency layers, or wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of component carriers (CCs).

[0361] Clause 63. The UE as described in any one of Clauses 57 to 62, wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a bandwidth portion (BWP).

[0362] Clause 64. The UE as described in any one of Clauses 57 to 63, wherein the UE is configured to perform round-trip time (RTT) measurements based on the PRS and the RS-P.

[0363] Clause 65. The UE according to any one of Clauses 57 to 64 further includes: a component for receiving a message indicating an explicit association between the PRS and the RS-P, wherein the explicit association is from the PRS to the RS-P or from the measurement period to the RS-P.

[0364] Clause 66. A UE according to any one of Clauses 57 to 65, wherein the association between the PRS and the RS-P is implicitly based on the following: the measurement period is configured on the first frequency domain resource without a corresponding measurement period configured on the second frequency domain resource; or the RS-P is an initial RS-P on any of the plurality of frequency domain resources following the PRS on the first frequency domain resource; or the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with the same corresponding timing advance group (TAG); or a predefined association between the PRS on the first frequency domain resource and the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource; or any combination thereof.

[0365] Clause 67. The UE according to any one of Clauses 57 to 66 further includes: a component for receiving a second RS-P configuration that transforms the RS-P from the second frequency domain resource to a different frequency domain resource associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0366] Clause 68. The UE as described in Clause 67, wherein the second RS-P configuration disables the second frequency domain resource, enables another frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

[0367] Clause 69. A base station comprising: means for transmitting to a user equipment (UE) the configuration of a plurality of frequency domain resources, wherein each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with a bandwidth and a subcarrier spacing (SCS); means for transmitting to the UE a PRS configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (PRS) on a first frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; means for transmitting to the UE an RS-P configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (RS-P) on a second frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; means for transmitting the PRS to the UE during a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource; and means for performing one or more positioning measurements on the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource during the measurement period.

[0368] Clause 70. The base station as described in Clause 69, wherein the RS-P configuration corresponds to the SRS-P configuration for configuring probe RS-P (SRS-P).

[0369] Clause 71. A base station according to any one of Clauses 69 to 70, wherein the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0370] Clause 72. A base station according to any one of Clauses 69 to 71, wherein the first frequency domain resources and the second frequency domain resources do not overlap in frequency.

[0371] Clause 73. A base station according to any one of Clauses 69 to 72, wherein the measurement period corresponds to a measurement interval (MG).

[0372] Clause 74. The base station according to any one of Clauses 69 to 73 further includes: a component for transmitting to at least one neighboring base station instructions on some or all of the RS-P configuration to facilitate one or more positioning measurements of the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource by implementing at least one neighboring base station.

[0373] Clause 75. The base station according to any one of Clauses 69 to 74 further includes: a component for sending instructions to the Location Management Function (LMF) regarding some or all of the RS-P configuration.

[0374] Clause 76. The base station according to any one of Clauses 69 to 75 further includes: a component for receiving a message from a location management function (LMF), wherein the RS-P configuration configures the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource in response to the message.

[0375] Clause 77. A base station as described in Clause 76, wherein the message requests moving the RS-P within the measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource, or wherein the message requests configuring the RS-P within a threshold time amount following the PRS, or wherein the message requests configuring the RS-P on a frequency domain resource different from the PRS, or wherein the message requests configuring the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

[0376] Clause 78. A base station according to any one of Clauses 69 to 77, wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency bands, or wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency layers, or wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of component carriers (CCs).

[0377] Clause 79. A base station according to any one of Clauses 69 to 78, wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a bandwidth portion (BWP).

[0378] Clause 80. A base station according to any one of Clauses 69 to 79, wherein the UE is configured to perform round-trip time (RTT) measurements based on the PRS and the RS-P.

[0379] Clause 81. The base station according to any one of Clauses 69 to 80 further includes: a component for transmitting a message indicating an explicit association between the PRS and the RS-P, wherein the explicit association is from the PRS to the RS-P or from the measurement period to the RS-P.

[0380] Clause 82. A base station according to any one of Clauses 69 to 81, wherein the association between the PRS and the RS-P is implicitly based on the following: the measurement period is configured on the first frequency domain resource without a corresponding measurement period configured on the second frequency domain resource; or the RS-P is an initial RS-P on any of the plurality of frequency domain resources following the PRS on the first frequency domain resource; or the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with the same corresponding timing advance group (TAG); or a predefined association between the PRS on the first frequency domain resource and the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource; or any combination thereof.

[0381] Clause 83. The base station according to any one of Clauses 69 to 82 further includes: a component for transmitting a second RS-P configuration that transforms the RS-P from the second frequency domain resource to a different frequency domain resource associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0382] Clause 84. The base station as described in Clause 83, wherein the second RS-P configuration disables the second frequency domain resource, enables another frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

[0383] Clause 85. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a user equipment (UE), cause the UE to: receive from a base station a configuration of a plurality of frequency domain resources, wherein each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with a bandwidth and a subcarrier spacing (SCS); receive from the base station a PRS configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (PRS) on a first frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; receive from the base station a first RS-P configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (RS-P) on a second frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; perform one or more positioning measurements on the PRS on the first frequency domain resource during a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource; and transmit the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource during the measurement period.

[0384] Clause 86. The non-transitory computer-readable medium as described in Clause 85, wherein the RS-P configuration corresponds to an SRS-P configuration for configuring the detection RS-P (SRS-P).

[0385] Clause 87. A non-transitory computer-readable medium as described in any of Clauses 85 to 86, wherein the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0386] Clause 88. A non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 85 to 87, wherein the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource do not overlap in frequency.

[0387] Clause 89. A non-transitory computer-readable medium as described in any one of Clauses 85 to 88, wherein the measurement period corresponds to the measurement interval (MG).

[0388] Clause 90. A non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 85 to 89, wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency bands, or wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency layers, or wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of component carriers (CCs).

[0389] Clause 91. A non-transitory computer-readable medium as described in any one of Clauses 85 to 90, wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a bandwidth portion (BWP).

[0390] Clause 92. A non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 85 to 91, wherein the UE is configured to perform round-trip time (RTT) measurements based on the PRS and the RS-P.

[0391] Clause 93. A non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 85 to 92, wherein one or more instructions further cause the UE to: receive a message indicating an explicit association between the PRS and the RS-P, wherein the explicit association is from the PRS to the RS-P or from the measurement period to the RS-P.

[0392] Clause 94. A non-transitory computer-readable medium pursuant to any one of Clauses 85 to 93, wherein the association between the PRS and the RS-P is implicitly based on the following: the measurement period is configured on the first frequency domain resource without a corresponding measurement period configured on the second frequency domain resource; or the RS-P is an initial RS-P on any of the plurality of frequency domain resources following the PRS on the first frequency domain resource; or the first and second frequency domain resources are associated with the same corresponding timing advance group (TAG); or a predefined association between the PRS on the first frequency domain resource and the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource; or any combination thereof.

[0393] Clause 95. A non-transitory computer-readable medium pursuant to any one of Clauses 85 to 94, wherein one or more of the instructions further cause the UE to: receive a second RS-P configuration that transfers the RS-P from the second frequency domain resource to a different frequency domain resource associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0394] Clause 96. The non-transitory computer-readable medium as described in Clause 95, wherein the second RS-P configuration disables the second frequency domain resource, enables another frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

[0395] Clause 97. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a base station, cause the base station to: transmit to a user equipment (UE) a configuration of a plurality of frequency domain resources, wherein each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with a bandwidth and a subcarrier spacing (SCS); transmit to the UE a PRS configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (PRS) on a first frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; transmit to the UE an RS-P configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (RS-P) on a second frequency domain resource among the plurality of frequency domain resources; transmit the PRS to the UE during a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource; and perform one or more positioning measurements on the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource during the measurement period.

[0396] Clause 98. The non-transitory computer-readable medium as described in Clause 97, wherein the RS-P configuration corresponds to an SRS-P configuration for configuring the detection RS-P (SRS-P).

[0397] Clause 99. A non-transitory computer-readable medium as described in any of Clauses 97 to 98, wherein the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0398] Clause 100. A non-transitory computer-readable medium as described in any one of Clauses 97 to 99, wherein the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource do not overlap in frequency.

[0399] Clause 101. A non-transitory computer-readable medium as described in any one of Clauses 97 to 100, wherein the measurement period corresponds to the measurement interval (MG).

[0400] Clause 102. A non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 97 to 101, wherein one or more instructions further cause the base station to: send to at least one neighboring base station instructions on some or all of the RS-P configuration to facilitate one or more positioning measurements of the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource by means of the at least one neighboring base station.

[0401] Clause 103. A non-transitory computer-readable medium pursuant to any one of Clauses 97 to 102, wherein one or more of the instructions further cause the base station to: send to the Location Management Function (LMF) instructions on some or all of the RS-P configuration.

[0402] Clause 104. A non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 97 to 103, wherein one or more of the instructions further cause the base station to: receive a message from a Location Management Function (LMF), wherein the RS-P configuration, in response to the message, configures the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource.

[0403] Clause 105. A non-transitory computer-readable medium as described in Clause 104, wherein the message requests moving the RS-P within the measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource, or wherein the message requests configuring the RS-P within a threshold time amount following the PRS, or wherein the message requests configuring the RS-P on a frequency domain resource different from the PRS, or wherein the message requests configuring the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

[0404] Clause 106. A non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 97 to 105, wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency bands, or wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency layers, or wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of component carriers (CCs).

[0405] Clause 107. A non-transitory computer-readable medium as described in any one of Clauses 97 to 106, wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a bandwidth portion (BWP).

[0406] Clause 108. A non-transitory computer-readable medium as described in any one of Clauses 97 to 107, wherein the UE is configured to perform round-trip time (RTT) measurements based on the PRS and the RS-P.

[0407] Clause 109. A non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 97 to 108, wherein one or more of the instructions further cause the base station to: send a message indicating an explicit association between the PRS and the RS-P, wherein the explicit association is from the PRS to the RS-P or from the measurement period to the RS-P.

[0408] Clause 110. A non-transitory computer-readable medium pursuant to any one of Clauses 97 to 109, wherein the association between the PRS and the RS-P is implicitly based on the following: the measurement period is configured on the first frequency domain resource without a corresponding measurement period configured on the second frequency domain resource; or the RS-P is an initial RS-P on any of the plurality of frequency domain resources following the PRS on the first frequency domain resource; or the first and second frequency domain resources are associated with the same corresponding timing advance group (TAG); or a predefined association between the PRS on the first frequency domain resource and the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource; or any combination thereof.

[0409] Clause 111. A non-transitory computer-readable medium pursuant to any one of Clauses 97 to 110, wherein one or more of the instructions further cause the base station to: transmit a second RS-P configuration that converts the RS-P from the second frequency domain resource to a different frequency domain resource associated with the same timing advance group (TAG).

[0410] Clause 112. The non-transitory computer-readable medium as described in Clause 111, wherein the second RS-P configuration disables the second frequency domain resource, enables another frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

[0411] Those skilled in the art will understand that information and signals can be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and processes. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the above description can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof.

[0412] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithmic steps described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability between hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally according to their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the system as a whole. Those skilled in the art can implement the described functionality in different ways for each specific application, but such implementation decisions should not be construed as departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0413] The various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein can be implemented or executed by means of a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.

[0414] The methods, sequences, and / or algorithms described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein can be directly embodied in hardware, software modules executed by a processor, or a combination of both. The software modules can reside in random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), registers, hard disks, removable disks, CD-ROMs, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the storage medium. Alternatively, the storage medium and the processor can be integrated. The processor and storage medium can reside in an ASIC. The ASIC can reside in a user terminal (e.g., a UE). Alternatively, the processor and storage medium can reside as discrete components in the user terminal.

[0415] In one or more exemplary aspects, the described functionality can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functionality can be stored as one or more instructions or code on or transmitted via a computer-readable medium. A computer-readable medium includes both computer storage media and communication media, with communication media including any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A storage medium can be any available medium that is accessible to a computer. By way of example and not limitation, such a computer-readable medium can include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disc storage, disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that is accessible to a computer. Additionally, any connection is appropriately referred to as a computer-readable medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technology (such as infrared, radio, and microwave), then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technology (such as infrared, radio, and microwave) can be included in the definition of medium. As used in this article, disks and discs include compact discs (CDs), laser discs, optical discs, DVDs, floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs. Disks typically copy data magnetically, while optical discs use lasers to copy data optically. Combinations of these should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0416] While the foregoing disclosure illustrates exemplary aspects of this disclosure, it should be noted that various changes and modifications may be made herein without departing from the scope of this disclosure as defined by the appended claims. The functions, steps, and / or actions of the method claims according to aspects of this disclosure described herein need not be performed in any particular order. Furthermore, although elements of this disclosure may be described or claimed in the singular, plural forms are also contemplated unless explicitly stated otherwise.

Claims

1. A method of operating a user equipment (UE), comprising: receiving, from a network node, a configuration of a plurality of frequency domain resources, wherein each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with a bandwidth and a subcarrier spacing (SCS); receiving, from the network node, a positioning reference signal (PRS) configuration configuring a PRS on a first frequency domain resource of the plurality of frequency domain resources; receiving, from the network node, a reference signal for positioning (RS-P) configuration configuring a RS-P on a second frequency domain resource of the plurality of frequency domain resources; performing, during a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource, one or more positioning measurements of the PRS on the first frequency domain resource, wherein the measurement period corresponds to a measurement gap (MG); and transmitting, during the measurement period, the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the RS-P configuration corresponds to a sounding RS-P (SRS-P) configuration configuring a SRS-P.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with a same timing advance group (TAG).

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource do not overlap in frequency.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency bands, or wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency layers, or wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of component carriers (CCs).

6. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a bandwidth part (BWP).

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the UE is configured to perform a round trip time (RTT) measurement based on the PRS and the RS-P.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving a message indicating an explicit association between the PRS and the RS-P, wherein the explicit association is from the PRS to the RS-P or from the measurement period to the RS-P.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the association between the PRS and the RS-P is implicit based on: the measurement period being configured on the first frequency domain resource without a corresponding measurement period being configured on the second frequency domain resource, or the RS-P being an initial RS-P on any of the plurality of frequency domain resources after the PRS on the first frequency domain resource, or the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource being associated with a same corresponding timing advance group (TAG), or a predefined association between a PRS on the first frequency domain resource and a RS-P on the second frequency domain resource, or any combination thereof.

10. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving a second RS-P configuration transitioning the RS-P from the second frequency domain resource to a different frequency domain resource associated with a same timing advance group (TAG). ​ 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the second RS-P configuration deactivates the second frequency domain resource, activates another frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

12. A method of operating a network node, comprising: transmitting, to a user equipment (UE), a configuration of a plurality of frequency domain resources, wherein each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with a bandwidth and a subcarrier spacing (SCS); transmitting, to the UE, a positioning reference signal (PRS) configuration that configures a PRS on a first frequency domain resource of the plurality of frequency domain resources; transmitting, to the UE, a reference signal (RS)-P configuration that configures an RS-P for positioning on a second frequency domain resource of the plurality of frequency domain resources; transmitting, to the UE, the PRS during a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource, wherein the measurement period corresponds to a measurement gap (MG); and performing, during the measurement period, one or more positioning measurements of the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the RS-P configuration corresponds to a sounding RS-P (SRS-P) configuration that configures a SRS-P.

14. The method of claim 12, wherein the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with a same timing advance group (TAG).

15. The method of claim 12, wherein the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource do not overlap in frequency.

16. The method of claim 12, further comprising: transmitting, to at least one neighboring network node, an indication of some or all of the RS-P configuration to facilitate one or more positioning measurements of the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource by the at least one neighboring network node.

17. The method of claim 12, further comprising: transmitting, to a location management function (LMF), an indication of some or all of the RS-P configuration.

18. The method of claim 12, further comprising: receiving, from a location management function (LMF), a message, wherein the RS-P configuration configures the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource in response to the message.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the message requests that the RS-P be moved within the measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource, or wherein the message requests that the RS-P be configured within a threshold amount of time after the PRS, or wherein the message requests that the RS-P be configured on a different frequency domain resource than the PRS, or wherein the message requests that the RS-P be configured on the second frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

20. The method of claim 12, wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency bands, or wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency layers, or wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of component carriers (CCs).

21. The method of claim 12, wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a bandwidth part (BWP).

22. The method of claim 12, wherein the UE is configured to perform a round trip time, RTT, measurement based on the PRS and the RS-P.

23. The method of claim 12, further comprising: sending a message indicating an explicit association between the PRS and the RS-P, wherein the explicit association is from the PRS to the RS-P or from the measurement period to the RS-P.

24. The method of claim 12, wherein the association between the PRS and the RS-P is implicit based on: the measurement period being configured on the first frequency domain resource without a corresponding measurement period being configured on the second frequency domain resource, or the RS-P being an initial RS-P on any of the plurality of frequency domain resources after the PRS on the first frequency domain resource, or the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource being associated with a same respective timing advance group, TAG, or a predefined association between a PRS on the first frequency domain resource and a RS-P on the second frequency domain resource, or any combination thereof.

25. The method of claim 12, further comprising: sending a second RS-P configuration that transitions the RS-P from the second frequency domain resource to a different frequency domain resource associated with a same timing advance group, TAG.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein the second RS-P configuration deactivates the second frequency domain resource, activates another frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

27. A user equipment, UE, comprising: a memory; at least one transceiver; and at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory and the at least one transceiver, the at least one processor configured to: receive, via the at least one transceiver, a configuration of a plurality of frequency domain resources from a network node, wherein each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with a bandwidth and a subcarrier spacing, SCS; receive, via the at least one transceiver, a PRS configuration from the network node that configures a positioning reference signal, PRS, on a first frequency domain resource of the plurality of frequency domain resources; receive, via the at least one transceiver, a first reference signal for positioning, RS-P, configuration from the network node that configures a RS-P on a second frequency domain resource of the plurality of frequency domain resources; perform one or more positioning measurements of the PRS on the first frequency domain resource during a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource, wherein the measurement period corresponds to a measurement gap, MG; and transmit, via the at least one transceiver, the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource during the measurement period.

28. The UE of claim 27, wherein the RS-P configuration corresponds to a sounding RS-P, SRS-P, configuration that configures a SRS-P.

29. The UE of claim 27, wherein the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with a same timing advance group, TAG.

30. The UE of claim 27, wherein the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource do not overlap in frequency. ​ 31. The UE of claim 27, wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency bands, or wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency layers, or wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of component carriers (CCs).

32. The UE of claim 27, wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a bandwidth part (BWP).

33. The UE of claim 27, wherein the UE is configured to perform a round trip time (RTT) measurement based on the PRS and the RS-P.

34. The UE of claim 27, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: receive, via the at least one transceiver, a message indicating an explicit association between the PRS and the RS-P, wherein the explicit association is from the PRS to the RS-P or from the measurement period to the RS-P.

35. The UE of claim 27, wherein the association between the PRS and the RS-P is implicit based on: the measurement period being configured on the first frequency domain resource without a corresponding measurement period being configured on the second frequency domain resource, or the RS-P being an initial RS-P on any of the plurality of frequency domain resources after the PRS on the first frequency domain resource, or the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource being associated with a same respective timing advance group (TAG), or a predefined association between a PRS on the first frequency domain resource and a RS-P on the second frequency domain resource, or any combination thereof.

36. The UE of claim 27, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: receive, via the at least one transceiver, a second RS-P configuration transitioning the RS-P from the second frequency domain resource to a different frequency domain resource associated with a same timing advance group (TAG).

37. The UE of claim 36, wherein the second RS-P configuration deactivates the second frequency domain resource, activates another frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

38. A network node, comprising: a memory; at least one transceiver; and at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory and the at least one transceiver, the at least one processor configured to: transmit, via the at least one transceiver, a configuration of a plurality of frequency domain resources to a user equipment (UE), wherein each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with a bandwidth and a subcarrier spacing (SCS); transmit, via the at least one transceiver, a PRS configuration to the UE configuring a positioning reference signal (PRS) on a first frequency domain resource of the plurality of frequency domain resources; transmit, via the at least one transceiver, an RS-P configuration to the UE configuring a reference signal for positioning (RS-P) on a second frequency domain resource of the plurality of frequency domain resources; transmit, via the at least one transceiver, the PRS to the UE during a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource, wherein the measurement period corresponds to a measurement gap (MG); and ​ performing one or more positioning measurements of the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource during the measurement period.

39. The network node of claim 38, wherein the RS-P configuration corresponds to a sounding RS-P (SRS-P) configuration that configures a SRS-P.

40. The network node of claim 38, wherein the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource are associated with a same timing advance group (TAG).

41. The network node of claim 38, wherein the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource do not overlap in frequency.

42. The network node of claim 38, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: transmit, via the at least one transceiver, an indication of some or all of the RS-P configuration to at least one neighboring network node to facilitate one or more positioning measurements of the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource by the at least one neighboring network node.

43. The network node of claim 38, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: transmit, via the at least one transceiver, an indication of some or all of the RS-P configuration to a location management function (LMF).

44. The network node of claim 38, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: receive, via the at least one transceiver, a message from a location management function (LMF), wherein the RS-P configuration configures the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource in response to the message.

45. The network node of claim 44, wherein the message requests that the RS-P be moved to within the measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource, or wherein the message requests that the RS-P be configured within a threshold amount of time after the PRS, or wherein the message requests that the RS-P be configured on a different frequency domain resource than the PRS, or wherein the message requests that the RS-P be configured on the second frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

46. The network node of claim 38, wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency bands, or wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of frequency layers, or wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a plurality of component carriers (CCs).

47. The network node of claim 38, wherein at least one of the plurality of frequency domain resources corresponds to a bandwidth part (BWP).

48. The network node of claim 38, wherein the UE is configured to perform a round trip time (RTT) measurement based on the PRS and the RS-P.

49. The network node of claim 38, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: transmit, via the at least one transceiver, a message indicating an explicit association between the PRS and the RS-P, wherein the explicit association is from the PRS to the RS-P or from the measurement period to the RS-P.

50. The network node of claim 38, wherein the association between the PRS and the RS-P is implicit based on: the measurement period being configured on the first frequency domain resource without a corresponding measurement period being configured on the second frequency domain resource, or the RS-P being an initial RS-P on any of the plurality of frequency domain resources after the PRS on the first frequency domain resource, or the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource being associated with a same corresponding timing advance group (TAG), or a predefined association between a PRS on the first frequency domain resource and an RS-P on the second frequency domain resource, or any combination thereof.

51. The network node of claim 38, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: transmit, via the at least one transceiver, a second RS-P configuration transitioning the RS-P from the second frequency domain resource to a different frequency domain resource associated with a same timing advance group (TAG).

52. The network node of claim 51, wherein the second RS-P configuration deactivates the second frequency domain resource, activates another frequency domain resource, or a combination thereof.

53. A user equipment (UE), comprising: means for receiving, from a network node, a configuration of a plurality of frequency domain resources, wherein each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with a bandwidth and a subcarrier spacing (SCS); means for receiving, from the network node, a PRS configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (PRS) on a first frequency domain resource of the plurality of frequency domain resources; means for receiving, from the network node, a first RS-P configuration configuring a reference signal for positioning (RS-P) on a second frequency domain resource of the plurality of frequency domain resources; means for performing one or more positioning measurements of the PRS on the first frequency domain resource during a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource, wherein the measurement period corresponds to a measurement gap (MG); and means for transmitting the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource during the measurement period.

54. The UE of claim 53, wherein the RS-P configuration corresponds to a sounding RS-P (SRS-P) configuration configuring a SRS-P.

55. A network node, comprising: means for transmitting, to a user equipment (UE), a configuration of a plurality of frequency domain resources, wherein each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with a bandwidth and a subcarrier spacing (SCS); means for transmitting, to the UE, a PRS configuration configuring a positioning reference signal (PRS) on a first frequency domain resource of the plurality of frequency domain resources; means for transmitting, to the UE, a reference signal for positioning (RS-P) configuration configuring an RS-P on a second frequency domain resource of the plurality of frequency domain resources; means for transmitting, to the UE, the PRS during a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource, wherein the measurement period corresponds to a measurement gap (MG); and means for performing one or more positioning measurements of the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource during the measurement period. ​ ​ 56. The network node of claim 55, wherein the RS-P configuration corresponds to an SRS-P configuration that configures a sounding RS-P.

57. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a user equipment (UE), cause the UE to: receive, from a network node, a configuration of a plurality of frequency domain resources, wherein each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with a bandwidth and a subcarrier spacing (SCS); receive, from the network node, a positioning reference signal (PRS) configuration that configures a PRS on a first frequency domain resource of the plurality of frequency domain resources; receive, from the network node, a reference signal for positioning (RS-P) configuration that configures an RS-P on a second frequency domain resource of the plurality of frequency domain resources; perform, during a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource, one or more positioning measurements of the PRS on the first frequency domain resource, wherein the measurement period corresponds to a measurement gap (MG); and transmit, during the measurement period, the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource.

58. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 57, wherein the RS-P configuration corresponds to an SRS-P configuration that configures a sounding RS-P SRS-P.

59. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a network node, cause the network node to: transmit, to a user equipment (UE), a configuration of a plurality of frequency domain resources, wherein each frequency domain resource configuration is associated with a bandwidth and a subcarrier spacing (SCS); transmit, to the UE, a positioning reference signal (PRS) configuration that configures a PRS on a first frequency domain resource of the plurality of frequency domain resources; transmit, to the UE, a reference signal for positioning (RS-P) configuration that configures an RS-P on a second frequency domain resource of the plurality of frequency domain resources; transmit, to the UE, the PRS during a measurement period associated with the first frequency domain resource, wherein the measurement period corresponds to a measurement gap (MG); and perform, during the measurement period, one or more positioning measurements of the RS-P on the second frequency domain resource.

60. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 59, wherein the RS-P configuration corresponds to an SRS-P configuration that configures a sounding RS-P SRS-P.

61. A computer program product comprising computer readable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method according to any of claims 1-26. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

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