Access control for user equipment for inactive direct transfer

Abstract

A user equipment (UE) associated with a wireless communication system is disclosed. The UE includes one or more processors configured to process a service configuration signal received from a base station associated therewith. In some aspects, the service configuration signal includes an indication of one or more service configurations associated with a data transmission allowed to be transmitted by the UE during an inactive state of the UE. The one or more processors are further configured to determine, based on the processing of the service configuration signal, the one or more service configurations associated with the data transmission allowed to be transmitted by the UE during the inactive state of the UE.

Description

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application is a national phase application filed on August 6, 2020, entitled “Access control for user equipment for inactive direct transmission”, with international patent application number PCT / CN2020 / 107508, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to the field of wireless communication systems, and includes systems and methods for access control during inactive direct transmission. Background Technology

[0004] When multiple UEs attempt to access the same cell, signals from different UEs may interfere with each other and fail to be decoded by the cell in some cases. Furthermore, these multiple UE access attempts can overload the cell and the network in others. Network overload occurs when the network's input load exceeds its available resources to handle that load. Network overload can lead to congestion, resource waste, quality of service (QoS) degradation, and in the worst case, service unavailability. Therefore, controlling (limiting) the number of UE access attempts to the network is necessary. Access control or radio access prohibition control refers to a service congestion control mechanism that guarantees and ensures the success of critical communication calls, such as emergency calls, by limiting connection requests from mobile devices to the base station. Attached Figure Description

[0005] The following description will only illustrate some examples of circuits, devices, and / or methods by way of example. In this context, reference will be made to the accompanying drawings.

[0006] Figure 1 This is a state diagram illustrating the three Radio Resource Control (RRC) states in which a UE can operate according to the various aspects described herein.

[0007] Figure 2 An exemplary RRC recovery process according to one aspect of this disclosure is shown.

[0008] Figure 3a A four-step competition-based RACH (CBRA) process according to one aspect of this disclosure is shown.

[0009] Figure 3b A two-step CBRA process 360 according to one aspect of this disclosure is shown.

[0010] Figure 4a The data transmission process from a UE in an inactive state is illustrated according to one aspect of this disclosure.

[0011] Figure 4bThe data transmission process from a UE in an inactive state is shown according to another aspect of this disclosure.

[0012] Figure 5 An RRC recovery process facilitating the transition of a UE from an inactive state to a connected state, according to one aspect of this disclosure, is illustrated.

[0013] Figure 6 A simplified block diagram of a wireless communication system that facilitates access control according to one aspect of this disclosure is shown.

[0014] Figures 7a to 7e A simplified block diagram of a wireless communication system that facilitates access control according to another aspect of this disclosure is shown.

[0015] Figures 8a to 8d A simplified block diagram of a wireless communication system 800 that facilitates access control according to another aspect of this disclosure is shown.

[0016] Figure 9 A block diagram of an apparatus that may be used at a base station (BS), eNodeB, gNodeB or other network equipment according to various aspects described herein is shown.

[0017] Figure 10 A block diagram of an apparatus that may be used in a user equipment (UE) or other network device (e.g., an IoT device) according to various aspects described herein is shown.

[0018] Figure 11a A flowchart is shown of a method for access control of a UE in a wireless communication system when the UE is configured to transmit in an inactive state, according to one aspect of this disclosure.

[0019] Figure 11b A flowchart is shown of a method for access control of a base station in a wireless communication system when the associated UE is configured to transmit in an inactive state, according to one aspect of this disclosure.

[0020] Figure 12a A flowchart is shown, according to another aspect of this disclosure, of a method for access control of a UE in a wireless communication system when the UE is configured to transmit in an inactive state.

[0021] Figure 12b A flowchart is shown, according to another aspect of this disclosure, of a method for access control of a base station in a wireless communication system when the associated UE is configured to transmit in an inactive state.

[0022] Figure 13a shows a flowchart of a method for access control of a UE in a wireless communication system when the user equipment (UE) is configured to transmit in an inactive state, according to another aspect of this disclosure.

[0023] Figure 13b A flowchart is shown, according to another aspect of this disclosure, of a method for access control of a base station in a wireless communication system when the associated UE is configured to transmit in an inactive state.

[0024] Figure 14 The system architecture, including the core network (CN), such as the fifth-generation (5G) CN (5GC), is shown according to various aspects.

[0025] Figure 15 Exemplary components of a device according to some aspects are shown.

[0026] Figure 16 An exemplary interface of a baseband circuit according to some aspects is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0027] In one aspect of this disclosure, a user equipment (UE) is disclosed. In one aspect, the UE may be associated with a new radio (NR) system. The UE includes one or more processors configured to process service configuration signals received from an associated base station. In some aspects, the service configuration signals include indications of one or more service configurations associated with data transmissions permitted to be transmitted by the UE during its inactive state. The one or more processors are also configured to determine, based on processing the service configuration signals, one or more service configurations associated with data transmissions permitted to be transmitted by the UE during its inactive state.

[0028] In one aspect of this disclosure, a method for a user equipment (UE) is disclosed. In one aspect, the UE may be associated with a new radio (NR) system. The method includes generating a direct transmission signal to be provided to a base station using one or more processors during a period of inactivity of the UE. In some aspects, the direct transmission signal includes a first transmission including a first Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (PDU) of the direct transmission signal. In some aspects, the first MAC PDU includes access control information including one or more access control parameters associated with the direct transmission signal to facilitate access control at the base station. The method also includes providing the first transmission associated with the direct transmission signal to the base station using one or more processors during a period of inactivity of the UE.

[0029] In one aspect of this disclosure, an integrated circuit (IC) associated with a user equipment (UE) is disclosed. In one aspect, the UE may be associated with a new radio (NR) system. The IC includes one or more processors configured to provide a first transmission associated with a direct transmission signal to a base station during inactivity of the UE; and to monitor one or more indicator signals received from the base station in response to providing the first transmission to determine whether the first transmission was successful. The one or more processors are also configured to, when it is determined that the first transmission was unsuccessful, start a backoff timer with an associated backoff time value; and to delay any retransmission of the first transmission during inactivity of the UE until the backoff timer expires.

[0030] This disclosure will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein similar reference numerals throughout are used to denote similar elements, and the structures and devices shown therein are not necessarily drawn to scale. As used herein, the terms “component,” “system,” “interface,” “circuit,” etc., are intended to refer to entities, hardware, software (e.g., in execution), and / or firmware related to a computer. For example, a component may be a processor (e.g., a microprocessor, controller, or other processing device), a process running on a processor, a controller, an object, an executable file, a program, a storage device, a computer, a tablet computer, and / or user equipment with processing devices (e.g., a mobile phone, etc.). By way of example, an application running on a server and a server may also be components. One or more components may reside in a process, and components may be located on a single computer and / or distributed across two or more computers. This document may describe a set of elements or other sets of components, wherein the term “set” may be interpreted as “one or more.”

[0031] Furthermore, these components can be executed from various computer-readable storage media on which various data structures are stored, such as by utilizing modules, for example. Components can communicate via local and / or remote processes, for example, based on signals having one or more data packets (e.g., data from one component interacts with another component in a local system, a distributed system, and / or throughout a network, such as the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network, or similar networks with other systems via signals).

[0032] For example, a component can be a device with a specific function provided by a mechanical component operated by electrical or electronic circuitry, wherein the electrical or electronic circuitry can be operated by a software application or firmware application executed by one or more processors. The one or more processors can be internal or external to the device and can execute at least a portion of the software or firmware application. As another example, a component can be a device that provides a specific function through an electronic component without a mechanical component; the electronic component may include one or more processors to execute software and / or firmware that at least partially endows the electronic component with that function.

[0033] The use of the term “exemplary” is intended to present the concept in a specific manner. As used herein, the term “or” is intended to indicate an inclusive “or” rather than an exclusive “or.” That is, unless otherwise stated or clearly apparent from the context, “X adopts A or B” is intended to indicate any natural inclusive arrangement. That is, “X adopts A or B” is satisfied if X adopts A; X adopts B; or X adopts both A and B. Additionally, the articles “a” and “an” used in this application and the appended claims should generally be interpreted as meaning “one or more” unless otherwise stated or clearly apparent from the context to refer to the singular form. Furthermore, in relation to the use of the terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” “having,” “with,” or variations thereof in the Detailed Description and Claims, such terms are intended to be included in a manner similar to the term “comprising.”

[0034] The following detailed description relates to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals may be used in different drawings to identify the same or similar elements. In the following description, specific details, such as particular structures, architectures, interfaces, technologies, etc., are set forth for illustrative and not limiting purposes in order to provide a thorough understanding of all aspects of the subject matter. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various aspects of the subject matter may be practiced in other examples departing from these specific details. In some cases, descriptions of well-known devices, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of the aspects with unnecessary detail.

[0035] As is widely recognized, the use of personally identifiable information should comply with privacy policies and practices that are generally accepted to meet or exceed industry or governmental requirements for protecting user privacy. Specifically, personally identifiable information data should be managed and processed to minimize the risk of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly explained to users.

[0036] Figure 1This is a state diagram illustrating the three Radio Resource Control (RRC) states in which the UE can operate. In the idle state, the UE disconnects from the core network (CN). While idle, the UE performs cell reselection and can receive paging messages from the CN through the cell where the UE is camped. To enter the connected state, the UE performs RRC connection procedure 110, in which the UE uses the Random Access Channel (RACH) procedure (described in more detail below) to connect to the CN and the Radio Access Network (RAN). In the connected state, the UE connects to the CN and registers with the CN. A control and user plane connection is established between the RAN and the CN for the UE. The RAN knows which cell the UE belongs to, and both the UE and the RAN know all the parameters required for unicast communication between the UE and the RAN. The UE context, including the UE's Access Layer (AS) context (e.g., the UE's Cell Radio Network Temporary Identifier (C-RNTI) and the cell identity of the primary cell) and the UE's RRC configuration (e.g., radio bearer and security information), is stored in the RAN and in the UE.

[0037] By executing RRC release procedure 120, the UE can move from the connected state back to the idle state. When the UE returns to the idle state, the UE context is removed from the UE and the RAN. When a cell for pre-occupancy cannot be found as shown in 130 and 160, the UE defaults to entering the idle state from the connected or inactive state.

[0038] In 5G, an inactive state is introduced to provide an intermediate state between idle and connected states. This accelerates the reconnection process by eliminating some of the signaling used to transition from idle to connected states. The inactive state is beneficial for UEs that do not frequently communicate with the RAN and is more power-efficient compared to UEs that remain in connected states. To enter the inactive state, the UE performs an RRC pause procedure 140, where the UE context is stored by both the UE and the serving gNB, followed by an RRC release procedure. In the inactive state, the UE still has a non-access stratum (NAS) connection to the CN (i.e., it remains in a connection management (CM) connected state, which is entirely different from the idle state where the UE is not in a CM-connected state).

[0039] When inactive, the UE can move within the RAN Notification Area (RNA) without notifying the RAN, perform cell reselection, and receive paging messages from the RAN. However, the UE lacks dedicated AS resources for unicast communication and therefore cannot perform any dedicated data transmission or reception. Because the UE cannot perform dedicated data reception when inactive, the RAN pagees the UE to trigger it to enter the connected state when downlink data needs to be transmitted. When the UE has uplink data to transmit, it first enters the connected state before transmitting the uplink data.

[0040] To transition from an inactive state to a connected state, the UE performs an RRC recovery procedure 150, in which the UE context is retrieved from the UE's last serving cell and restored to the UE and the (new) serving cell. Compared to the transition from an idle state to a connected state, the RRC recovery procedure accelerates the transition to the connected state by allowing the restoration of the previous connection without having to perform a large amount of NAS signaling.

[0041] Figure 2 The exemplary RRC recovery procedure 250 is outlined below. The UE is initially in an inactive state. At 210, the UE uses the RACH procedure to transmit an RRC recovery request to its pre-occupied gNB. The RRC recovery request includes the UE's Inactive Radio Network Temporary Identifier (I-RNTI), which the network assigns to the UE when the UE enters the inactive state. The network uses the I-RNTI provided with the recovery request to identify the UE and the last serving cell, allowing the new serving cell to obtain the UE context from the last serving cell.

[0042] When a UE wishes to communicate with the network but does not have allocated UL resources, it uses the RACH procedure to contact the network. Therefore, the UE uses the RACH procedure to transmit a recovery request to the network. There are two types of RACH procedures: contention-based RACH (CBRA) and contention-free RACH (CFRA). In CBRA, the UE randomly selects a preamble to identify itself in the initial message with the network. In CFRA, the network assigns a preamble to the UE when it enters a state where it does not have allocated UL resources. CFRA will be discussed in more detail in the context of inactive UEs performing direct transmissions using CFRA.

[0043] Figure 3a and Figure 3b Two types of contention-based RACH (CBRA) procedures, 310 and 360, are shown in more detail for transmitting RRC recovery requests. Although the RACH procedure is described here in the context of transmitting a recovery request, the RACH procedure is used by the UE whenever the UE expects to achieve uplink synchronization with the gNB to enter a connected state from an idle or inactive state or to obtain resources for uplink transmission.

[0044] Figure 3aA four-step contention-based RACH (CBRA) procedure is illustrated. At 320, using a predetermined PRACH timing, the UE transmits Msg1, which includes a preamble identifying the UE. In CBRA, the preamble is randomly selected by the UE from a set of possible preambles. In another type of RACH procedure, namely contention-free RACH (CFRA), a preamble, along with optionally PUSCH resources, is allocated to the UE when the UE enters an inactive or idle state. Because it is possible for another UE to select the same preamble via the same PRACH resources, CBRA includes a contention resolution step 350, as described below. In addition to the preamble, the UE also indicates a response window during which the UE expects a response from the gNB. If the UE does not receive a response within the window, the UE will retransmit the preamble and / or take other remedial measures.

[0045] At 330, the gNB transmits Msg2 containing a RACH response (RAR), which includes downlink control information (DCI) scrambled based on the preamble transmitted by the UE. The DCI includes information allowing the UE to decode the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) transmitting the UE's identifier, as well as the UL resource allocation used by the UE. At 340, the UE uses the UL resources received in the RAR to transmit Msg3. In this example, Msg3 will include a recovery request. In other examples, Msg3 may include other data.

[0046] When the UE transmits Msg3, it sets a contention timer and monitors the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for Msg4, which is transmitted by the gNB at 350. Msg4 includes a Level 2 Media Access Control Physical Data Unit (L2 MAC PDU), which contains a Contention Resolution MAC Control Element (CE) used by the UE to determine whether the RACH procedure was successful. If the UE does not receive Msg4 before the timer expires, it is assumed that the RACH procedure was unsuccessful. At this point, the UE has successfully notified the gNB of its intention to enter the connected state (e.g., ...). Figure 2 Step 210 is complete.

[0047] Figure 3b The two-step CBRA process is shown at 360. At 370, UE transmission includes... Figure 3aThe MsgA is the message sent in Msg1 and Msg3 of the 4-step RACH procedure. MsgA includes a randomly selected preamble transmitted on the PRACH resource and an RRC recovery request transmitted using the PUSCH resource. At 380, the gNB transmission may include a back-to-back RAR, which includes an uplink grant to enable the UE to retransmit MsgA if the gNB detects MsgA but cannot decode it. If the gNB successfully decodes MsgA, MsgB includes a successful RAR, which may include a new UL / DL grant for subsequent data communication (without retransmission of the RRC recovery request). At this point, the UE has successfully notified the gNB of its intention to enter the connected state (e.g., Figure 2 Step 210 is complete.

[0048] Return to Figure 2 The RRC recovery process, as outlined in the document, begins at point 220 after the gNB receives the recovery request. At this point, the gNB requests the UE context information stored by the last serving gNB as part of the RRC pause procedure. At point 230, the last serving gNB provides the UE context information to the new serving gNB. At point 240, the gNB transmits an RRC recovery message to the UE, indicating that the UE can enter the connected state. At point 260, the UE indicates to the gNB that it has successfully entered the connected state. At point 270, the gNB transmits a path handover request to the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), which is the interface between the gNB and the CN, to update the UE's radio bearers. At point 280, the AMF responds to the gNB, confirming the path handover is complete. At point 290, the gNB notifies the last serving gNB that it can delete the UE context. After these communications, the UE can transmit and receive data from the gNB.

[0049] See Figure 4a As can be seen, the recovery process introduces a significant delay between the UE having data to transmit and the UE being able to transmit data. Therefore, in some aspects, the UE is configured to remain in an inactive state rather than transitioning to a connected state (e.g., Figure 4b (As shown) Direct data transmission to the base station is performed (e.g., small data transmission). In some aspects, the RACH procedure is used to enable direct data transmission in inactive states. Specifically, Msg3 (e.g., Figure 3a Msg3 340) or MsgA (e.g., Figure 3b The MsgA 370 transmits uplink (UL) data from an inactive UE. Alternatively, in other respects, direct data transmission in the inactive state is based on pre-configured PUSCH resources (e.g., by reusing configured license type 1).

[0050] When a UE in an inactive state attempts to switch to, such as Figure 5 When the connection status is shown, various access control schemes are used during the recovery process. Specifically, Figure 5 The RRC recovery procedure 500 (including various access control schemes) facilitating the transition of the UE from an inactive state to a connected state is illustrated. The recovery procedure 500 is similar to... Figure 2 The recovery process 250 is outlined in the table. In the first option, when an inactive UE has data to transmit, the UE is configured to execute a Unified Access Control (UAC) scheme 510 to control access attempts to the base station. In the UAC, each access attempt from the UE is classified into one or more access identities and an access class. Based on the access control information applicable to the corresponding access identity and access class for that access attempt, the UE performs a test to determine whether an actual access attempt can be made. The wireless communication network should broadcast blocking control information (i.e., a list of blocking parameters associated with the access identity and access class) in one or more areas of the RAN. The UE should be able to determine whether to allow a particular new access attempt based on the blocking parameters received by the UE from the broadcast blocking control information and the configuration in the UE.

[0051] Alternatively or alternatively, when RACH overload exists, a RACH backoff mechanism is employed for access control, wherein a backoff indicator (BI) is provided as part of RAR 530. In some aspects, the BI includes a parameter indicating the time delay between the PRACH and the next PRACH. The BI is included in the BI Media Access Control (MAC) control element (CE). Therefore, during RACH overload / failure, the UE can retransmit the preamble 520 based on the BI. Alternatively or alternatively, when RAN overload exists, the base station is configured to provide an RRC rejection message 550 indicating that the current access attempt has been rejected (instead of...). Figure 2 The RRC Resumption Request 540 (RRC Rejection Request 540) also includes a rejection waiting time indicating the waiting time for the next access attempt (i.e., when the preamble 520 can be sent again). Alternatively, when there is core network (CN) overload, the base station is configured to send an RRC Release Request 570 to release the RRC connection, thereby transitioning the UE from a connected state back to an inactive state. The RRC Release Request 570 also includes a rejection waiting time indicating the waiting time for the next access attempt (i.e., when the preamble 520 can be sent again). Furthermore, in some aspects, the UE sets different recovery reason values ​​in the RRC Resumption Request 540, and the base station may rely on the recovery reason value to perform access control. Specifically, the base station may rely on the recovery reason value to decide whether to accept or reject the UE's access attempt. Some exemplary recovery reason values ​​include Emergency, High Priority Access, MT-Access, MO-Signaling, MO-Data, MO-Voice Call, MO-Video Call, MO-SMS, RNA-Update, and MPS-Priority Access.

[0052] The above access control procedure applies only to the aspect where the UE moves from an inactive state to a connected state for data transmission (e.g., as...). Figure 4a (As shown). However, in aspects where the UE performs direct transmission in an inactive state (such as... Figure 4b As shown in the diagram, since a recovery process is not involved, the above access control procedure is not applicable. Therefore, defining an access control procedure is necessary when the UE performs direct transmission in an inactive state. This document discloses access control procedures when the UE is in an inactive state rather than transitioning to a connected state (such as...). Figure 4b (As shown) When performing direct data transmission to the base station, the system, circuits and technologies that allow access control are implemented.

[0053] Figure 6 A simplified block diagram of a wireless communication system 600 facilitating access control according to one aspect of this disclosure is shown. The wireless communication system 600 includes a user equipment (UE) 602 and a base station 604. However, in other aspects, the wireless communication system 600 may include multiple UEs, which are not shown here for clarity. In some aspects, the base station 604 is equivalent to an eNodeB in an LTE system, a gNodeB in a 5G New Radio (NR) system, or a network device associated with any other generation of cellular technology. In some aspects, the UE 602 may include a mobile phone, tablet, Internet of Things (IoT) device, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) UE, etc. The UE 602 and the base station 604 are configured to communicate with each other via a communication medium (e.g., air). In some aspects, the UE 602 is configured to perform direct data transmission with the base station 604 during the inactivity state of the UE 602, as described above. In some aspects, a RACH procedure is used to initiate direct data transmission from the inactive UE 602. Specifically, Msg3 or MsgA associated with the RACH procedure are used to transmit uplink (UL) data from an inactive UE 602, as described above. Alternatively, in other respects, direct data transmission from an inactive UE 602 is based on pre-configured PUSCH resources (e.g., by reusing configured authorization type 1).

[0054] To facilitate access control during direct data transmission in the inactive state of UE 602, in some aspects, base station 604 is configured to configure one or more service configurations associated with data transmissions permitted by UE 602 during the inactive state of UE 602. In other words, base station 604 configures one or more types of services (i.e., one or more service configurations) associated with data transmissions permitted from UE 602 to base station 604 while inactive. Specifically, base station 604 is configured to generate a service configuration signal 606 that includes one or more service configurations associated with data transmissions permitted from UE 602 to base station 604 during the inactive state of UE 602. In some aspects, one or more service configurations within service configuration signal 606 include one or more of the following indications: an indication of whether a Dedicated Radio Bearer (DRB) is permitted to be transmitted in inactive mode; an indication of whether Radio Resource Control (RRC) / Non-Access Stratum (NAS) transmission is permitted in inactive mode; an indication of whether paging-triggered direct transmission is permitted in inactive mode; an indication of which access classes and access identities are permitted to be transmitted in inactive mode; and an indication of the recovery reason for transmission permitted in inactive mode. However, in other aspects, other types of service configurations may be included as part of service configuration signal 606.

[0055] After generating the service configuration signal 606, base station 604 is further configured to provide the service configuration signal 606 to UE 602. In some aspects, base station 604 is configured to provide the service configuration signal 606 to UE 602 via dedicated signaling. Alternatively, in other aspects, base station 604 is configured to provide the service configuration signal 606 to UE 602 via broadcast signaling in a pre-occupied cell. Upon receiving the service configuration signal 606, UE 602 is configured to process the service configuration signal 606 and determine one or more service configurations included within the service configuration signal 606.

[0056] When UE 602 receives uplink (UL) data to be provided to base station 604 during UE 602's inactive state, UE 602 is configured to process the UL data and determine one or more service configurations associated with the direct transmission of the UL data to base station 604. For example, UE 602 may determine the DRB to be used for the direct transmission, the recovery reason associated with the direct transmission, etc. After determining one or more service configurations associated with the direct transmission of UL data, UE 602 is configured to selectively perform a direct transmission 608 including the UL data to base station 604 during UE 602's inactive state based on this determination. Specifically, when one or more service configurations associated with the direct transmission 608 of UL data include service configurations configured as part of a service configuration signal 606 received from base station 604, UE 602 is configured to perform a direct transmission 608 including the UL data to base station 604 during UE 602's inactive state. In other words, if one or more service configurations (e.g., recovery reason, access identity, etc.) associated with the direct transmission of UL data 608 correspond to / match the recovery reason, access identity, etc., indicated as part of the service configuration signal 606, then UE 602 performs the direct transmission 608 to base station 604 during the inactive state. Base station 604 is then configured to receive and process the direct transmission 608, which includes UL data.

[0057] Alternatively, when no one or more service configurations associated with direct transmission of UL data are configured within the service configuration signal 606 received from the base station, UE 602 is not configured to perform direct transmission 608 including UL data to base station 604 during the inactive state of UE 602. Instead, in such an aspect, UE 602 is configured to transition from an inactive state to a connected state in order to perform transmission of UL data to base station 604. In some aspects, UE 602 is configured to utilize the conventional recovery procedure 610 (e.g., as described above). Figure 2 The UE 602 is configured to perform an RRC recovery process 250 in order to transition from an inactive state to a connected state. For example, the UE 602 is configured to provide a Radio Resource Control (RRC) recovery request signal to the base station 604 (e.g., ...). Figure 2 The RRC recovery request in the system is used to transition UE 602 from an inactive state to a connected state.

[0058] Figure 7aA simplified block diagram of a wireless communication system 700 facilitating access control according to one aspect of this disclosure is shown. The wireless communication system 700 includes a user equipment (UE) 702 and a base station 704. However, in other aspects, the wireless communication system 700 may include multiple UEs, which are not shown here for clarity. In some aspects, the base station 704 is equivalent to a base station, such as an eNodeB in an LTE system, a gNodeB in a 5G New Radio (NR) system, or a network device associated with any other generation of cellular technology. In some aspects, the UE 702 may include a mobile phone, tablet, Internet of Things (IoT) device, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) UE, etc. The UE 702 and the base station 704 are configured to communicate with each other via a communication medium (e.g., air). In some aspects, the UE 702 is configured to perform direct data transmission with the base station 704 during the inactivity state of the UE 702, as described above. In some aspects, a RACH procedure is used to initiate direct data transmission from the inactive UE 702. Specifically, Msg3 or MsgA associated with the RACH procedure are used to transmit uplink (UL) data from an inactive UE 702. Alternatively, in other respects, direct data transmission from an inactive UE 702 is based on pre-configured PUSCH resources (e.g., by reusing configured authorization type 1).

[0059] When UE 702 receives uplink (UL) data to be provided to base station 704 during UE 702's inactive state, UE 702 is configured to process the UL data and generate a direct transmission signal including the UL data to be provided to base station 704. In some aspects, the direct transmission signal including the UL data includes one or more direct transmissions, each direct transmission including a transport block (TB) associated with the direct transmission signal. In some aspects, the transport block corresponds to a Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (PDU). In some aspects, each of the one or more direct transmissions will be provided to base station 704 sequentially at different times. For example, the first transmission of the one or more direct transmissions is transmitted first, then the next direct transmission is transmitted, and so on. In some aspects, the first transmission includes a first TB or a first MAC PDU associated with the direct transmission signal. In some aspects, the direct transmission signal is generated based on the processing of a service configuration signal (e.g., service configuration signal 606), which includes indications of one or more service configurations associated with data transmissions permitted by the UE during UE inactivity, as described above. Figure 6 However, in other respects, the directly transmitted signal is not generated based on the processing service configuration signal.

[0060] To facilitate access control during the transmission of a direct transmission signal while UE 702 is inactive, in some aspects, UE 702 is configured to include access control information within a first transmission associated with the direct transmission signal, the access control information including one or more access control parameters associated with the direct transmission signal. In other words, UE 702 is configured to include access control information as part of a first MAC PDU associated with the direct transmission signal. In some aspects, the access control information is included in an Access Control (AC) MAC Control Element (CE) within the first MAC PDU. In some aspects, the access control information includes at least one of a recovery reason and a priority. In some aspects, base station 704 pre-configures a mapping between priorities and Dedicated Radio Bearer (DRB) / Logical Channel Group (LCH). In some aspects, the first MAC PDU may include access control information and UL data. Alternatively, in other aspects, the first MAC PDU may not include UL data. In such aspects, UL data is included as part of a subsequent direct transmission associated with the direct transmission signal.

[0061] When generating a direct transmission signal, UE 702 is configured to provide base station 704 with a first transmission 706 associated with the direct transmission signal (including access control information in AC MAC CE). Base station 704 is configured to receive and process the first transmission 706 from UE 702. While processing the first transmission 706, base station 704 is configured to control subsequent direct transmissions from an inactive UE 702 based on the access control information within the first transmission 706, network conditions, or both. In other words, in the event of network congestion, base station 704 is configured to allow / deny subsequent direct transmissions from an inactive UE 702 based on the access control information included in the first transmission 706. For example, during network congestion, when access information indicates low-priority data, base station 704 may deny subsequent direct transmissions from an inactive UE 702. In this respect, UE 702 may be configured to monitor one or more signals from base station 704 while providing the first transmission 706 to determine whether base station 704 denies UE access at this time.

[0062] Base station 704 can be configured to reject subsequent direct transmissions from an inactive UE 702 in different ways. For example, in a first aspect, base station 704 is configured to, in response to processing of a first transmission 706, not provide an AC feedback signal 722 to UE 702 during a predefined access control (AC) feedback time window 726, in order to reject subsequent data transmissions from an inactive UE 702, such as... Figure 7bAs shown. When UE 702 does not receive AC feedback signal 722 within the predefined AC feedback window after the first transmission 706, UE 702 is configured to initiate a legacy recovery procedure 724 (e.g., Figure 2 The UE 702 is configured to perform further data transmission to the base station 704 while in the connected state (RRC recovery procedure 250).

[0063] In a second aspect, base station 704 is configured to selectively provide UE 702 with a delay indication signal 742, including a delay timer value T, based on access control information or network conditions, or both, within the first transmission 706, in order to reject subsequent data transmission from the inactive UE 702, such as... Figure 7c As shown. In some aspects, the delay indication signal 742 indicates to the UE 702 that subsequent direct transmissions to the base station 704 will be delayed by the delay timer value T during the inactive state of the UE 702. When the UE 702 receives the delay indication signal 742, the UE 702 is configured to start a delay timer 746 with a delay time value T based on the processing of the delay indication signal 742, and to stop any subsequent direct transmissions to the base station 704 (e.g., direct transmission 744) during the inactive state of the UE 702 until the delay timer expires.

[0064] Thirdly, base station 704 is configured to selectively provide a backoff indication signal 762 to UE 702 based on access control information or network conditions, or both, within the first transmission 706, in order to reject subsequent data transmission from the inactive UE 702, such as... Figure 7d As shown. In some aspects, the backoff indication signal 762 indicates to the UE 702 to backoff to the conventional recovery procedure 764 (e.g., Figure 2 The UE 702 is configured to initiate a legacy recovery procedure 764 (RRC recovery procedure 250) to transition from an inactive state to a connected state. When the UE 702 receives a backoff indication signal 762, the UE 702 is configured to process the backoff indication signal 762 and initiate a legacy recovery procedure 764 to transition to the connected state. In this respect, the UE 702 is configured to perform further data transmission to the base station 704 in the connected state.

[0065] In a fourth aspect, base station 704 is configured to selectively provide radio resource control (RRC) recovery / setting signal 782 to UE 702 based on access control information or network conditions, or both, within the first transmission 706, in order to reject subsequent data transmission from the inactive UE 702, such as... Figure 7eAs shown. In some aspects, the RRC recovery / setup signal 782 instructs UE 702 to transition from an inactive state to a connected state. When UE 702 receives the RRC recovery / setup signal 782, UE 702 is configured to process the RRC recovery / setup signal 782 and transition to the connected state. Upon transitioning to the connected state, UE 702 is further configured to provide an RRC recovery / setup completion signal 784 to base station 704. In some aspects, the RRC recovery / setup completion signal 784 instructs base station 704 that UE 702 has transitioned to the connected state. In such aspects, UE 702 is configured to perform further data transmission to base station 704 while in the connected state.

[0066] Figure 8a A simplified block diagram of a wireless communication system 800 facilitating access control according to one aspect of this disclosure is shown. Specifically, the wireless communication system 800 facilitates access control by providing a fallback mechanism during a first transmission associated with a direct transmission signal in an inactive state of a UE. The wireless communication system 800 includes a user equipment (UE) 802 and a base station 804. However, in other aspects, the wireless communication system 800 may include multiple UEs, which are not shown here for clarity. In some aspects, the base station 804 is equivalent to an eNodeB in an LTE system, a gNodeB in a 5G New Radio (NR) system, or a network device associated with any other generation of cellular technology. In some aspects, the UE 802 may include a mobile phone, tablet, Internet of Things (IoT) device, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) UE, etc. The UE 802 and the base station 804 are configured to communicate with each other via a communication medium (e.g., air). In some aspects, the UE 802 is configured to perform direct data transmission with the base station 804 during the inactive state of the UE 802, as described above. In some respects, the RACH procedure is used to enable direct data transmission from an inactive UE 802. Specifically, Msg3 or MsgA associated with the RACH procedure is used to transmit uplink (UL) data from an inactive UE 802, as described above. Alternatively, in other respects, direct data transmission from an inactive UE 802 is based on pre-configured PUSCH resources (e.g., by reusing configured authorization type 1).

[0067] When UE 802 receives uplink (UL) data to be provided to base station 804 during UE 802's inactive state, UE 802 is configured to process the UL data and generate a direct transmission signal including the UL data to be provided to base station 804 during UE 802's inactive state. In some aspects, the direct transmission signal including the UL data includes one or more direct transmissions, each direct transmission including a transport block (TB) associated with the direct transmission signal. In some aspects, the transport block corresponds to a Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (PDU). In some aspects, each of the one or more direct transmissions will be provided to base station 804 sequentially at different times. For example, the first transmission of the one or more direct transmissions is transmitted first, then the next direct transmission is transmitted, and so on. In some aspects, the first transmission includes a first TB or a first MAC PDU associated with the direct transmission signal. In some aspects, the direct transmission signal is generated based on the processing of a service configuration signal (e.g., service configuration signal 606), which includes indications of one or more service configurations associated with data transmissions permitted by the UE to be transmitted by the UE during the UE's inactive state, as described above. Figure 6 However, in other respects, the direct transmission signal is not generated based on the processing service configuration signal. Furthermore, in some respects, the first transmission may include access control information comprising one or more access control parameters associated with the direct transmission signal, which is included as part of the first MAC PDU (e.g., included within an AC MAC CE), as described above. Figure 7a As stated above.

[0068] When generating a direct transmission signal, UE 802 is configured to provide a first transmission 806 (i.e., a first TB or a first MAC PDU) associated with the direct transmission signal to base station 804. When providing the first transmission 806 to base station 804, UE 802 is configured to monitor one or more indicator signals 808 from base station 804 to determine whether the first transmission 806 was successful. Successful transmissions include those received and processed (decoded) at the base station. In one aspect, when the first transmission 806 is transmitted via a random access channel (RACH) procedure, in some aspects, UE 802 is configured to monitor random access response (RAR) messages (including indicator signals 808) associated with the RACH procedure to determine whether the first transmission 806 was successful. In some aspects, the value B of the fallback indicator (BI) provided as part of the RAR indicates whether the first transmission 806 was successful. For example, when the value of B is set to 0, the UE identifies the first transmission 806 as successful. Otherwise, the UE identifies the first transmission 806 as unsuccessful. In this respect, base station 804 is configured to provide UE 802 with a RAR message including BI (i.e., indicator signal 808). Alternatively, in other respects, base station 804 may be configured to provide UE 802 with other explicit signaling (or other indicator signal 808) to indicate that the first transmission 806 (via RACH) was unsuccessful.

[0069] On the other hand, when the first transmission 806 is transmitted using pre-configured grant, the UE 802 is configured to monitor ACK feedback signals (including indicator signals 808) from the base station 804 during a predefined feedback window following the first transmission 806. In some aspects, if no ACK feedback signal is received from the base station 804 during the predefined feedback window following the first transmission 806, it is determined that the first transmission 806 was unsuccessful. Alternatively, in other aspects, the base station 804 may be configured to provide the UE 802 with additional explicit signaling to indicate that the first transmission 806 (via pre-configured grant) was unsuccessful.

[0070] Upon determination that the first transmission 806 has failed, to facilitate access control, UE 802 is configured to initiate a backoff timer 812 with an associated backoff time value. UE 802 is further configured to delay any retransmissions of the first transmission 806 (e.g., retransmission 810) in the inactive state of UE 802 until the backoff timer 812 expires. In some aspects, the backoff timer expires after a time equal to the backoff time value has elapsed. Once the backoff timer 812 expires, in some aspects, if the UL data associated with the direct transmission signal is still available, UE 802 is configured to perform a retransmission 810 of the first transmission 806 in the inactive state of UE 802. In some aspects, UE 802 is configured to perform one or more retransmissions 810 of the first transmission 806 in the inactive state of UE 802 until UE 802 receives an indication that the previous retransmission was successful or until the maximum number of retransmissions is reached. In some respects, UE 802 is configured to mark the first transmission 806 as a failure when the maximum number of retransmissions is reached and the corresponding retransmission fails.

[0071] UE 802 can be configured to determine the back-off timer value associated with back-off timer 812 differently in various aspects. For example, when transmitting the first transmission 806 via RACH, UE 802 is configured to determine the back-off time value based on the back-off indicator (BI) acquired within the RAR associated with RACH (as described above) and pre-configured dedicated back-off parameters. In some aspects, dedicated back-off parameters are configured for each dedicated radio bearer (DRB), each recovery reason, each priority, and each access identity associated with data transmission. Therefore, in such aspects, UE 802 is configured to apply the dedicated back-off parameters to the acquired BI in order to determine the back-off time value.

[0072] Furthermore, when using pre-configured authorization to transmit the first transmission 806, UE 802 is configured to determine a backoff timer value (as described above) based on a backoff value acquired from a common channel (e.g., common control channel (CCCH)) during a predefined feedback window while UE 802 monitors the ACK feedback signal. In some aspects, the CCCH includes predefined logical channels. In some aspects, base station 804 is configured to provide the backoff timer value to UE 802 via the CCCH. In some aspects, UE 802 is configured to directly apply the acquired backoff value as the backoff timer value. Alternatively, in other aspects, UE 802 is configured to apply a random value between 0 and the acquired backoff value as the backoff timer value. Furthermore, in some aspects, UE 802 is configured to determine the backoff timer value based on the acquired backoff value (from the CCCH) and a dedicated backoff factor configured for each access class, recovery reason, access identity, priority, and dedicated radio bearer (DRB). In some aspects, base station 804 is configured to configure a dedicated backoff factor. Furthermore, in some aspects, UE 802 is configured to determine the backoff timer value based on predefined backoff values ​​configured for each access class, recovery reason, access identity, priority, and dedicated radio bearer (DRB). In some aspects, base station 804 is configured to configure backoff values.

[0073] When UE 802 determines that the first transmission 806 has failed (as described above), in one aspect, UE 802 is configured to perform or fall back to the conventional recovery procedure 822 (e.g., Figure 2 The RRC recovery process 250 in the middle is used to transition UE 802 from an inactive state to a connected state, such as Figure 8b As shown, this is to facilitate access control. In this respect, UE 802 is configured to perform subsequent data transmission between UE 802 and base station 804 while in a connected state. On the other hand, when the first transmission 806 is identified as a failure, UE 802 is configured to start a second backoff timer 846 with a predefined second backoff timer value, and to perform the next retransmission 842 of the first transmission 806 when the second backoff timer expires, as shown. Figure 8c As shown, this is to facilitate access control. In some aspects, a predefined second backoff timer value can be configured by base station 804. In some aspects, UE 802 is configured to perform one or more retransmissions 842 of the first transmission 806 in the inactive state of UE 802 until UE 802 receives an indication of a previous successful retransmission or until the maximum number of retransmissions is reached. In some aspects, UE 802 is configured to trigger a conventional recovery procedure 844 (e.g., ...) when the maximum number of retransmissions is reached and the corresponding retransmission fails. Figure 2The UE 802 transitions to the connected state during the RRC recovery process 250. Alternatively, on the other hand, the UE 802 is configured to move to the idle state (not shown in the figure) when the maximum number of retransmissions is reached and the corresponding retransmission fails.

[0074] Figure 8d This illustrates another aspect of facilitating access control, wherein when one or more successful direct transmissions are received at base station 804 from an inactive UE 802, base station 804 can be configured to determine, based on network conditions, whether to allow subsequent direct transmissions from the inactive UE 802. For example, as... Figure 8d As shown, UE 802 is configured to provide one or more direct transmissions 862 and 864 to base station 804 during inactive periods of UE 802. In some aspects, the one or more direct transmissions 862 and 864 may include a first transmission (i.e., a first MACPDU) associated with the direct transmission signal. Upon receiving one or more direct transmissions 862 and 864, base station 804 is configured to process the one or more direct transmissions 862 and 864 and determine, based on network conditions, whether subsequent direct transmissions from the inactive UE are permitted. It is assumed that direct transmissions 862 and 864 include successful transmissions. In some aspects, base station 804 is configured to provide a stop indication signal 866 to UE 802 when it is determined that subsequent direct transmissions from the inactive UE 802 are not permitted.

[0075] In some aspects, the stop indication signal 866 instructs UE 802 to start a stop timer with an associated stop time value, during which any direct transmission from the inactive UE 802 to the base station 804 will be stopped. In some aspects, a stop timer value may be included as part of the stop indication signal 866. Alternatively, in other aspects, the stop timer value may be preconfigured via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling. Upon receiving the stop indication signal 866, UE 802 is configured to process the stop indication signal 866 and start the stop timer based on the stop time value. Furthermore, UE 802 is configured to stop any direct transmission from the inactive UE 802 until the stop timer expires. When the stop timer expires, UE 802 may be configured to provide further direct transmissions (e.g., direct transmission 868) to base station 804 while UE 802 is inactive, based on data availability at UE 802.

[0076] See Figure 9This diagram illustrates a block diagram of an apparatus 900 that may be employed at a base station (BS), eNodeB, gNodeB, or other network device according to various aspects described herein. In some aspects, apparatus 900 may be included within base stations 604, 704, and 804 as described above. However, in other aspects, apparatus 900 may be included within any base station associated with a wireless communication system. Apparatus 900 may include: one or more processors 910 (e.g., one or more baseband processors, such as those combined with…) Figure 15 and / or Figure 16 The one or more baseband processors discussed include processing circuitry and associated interfaces (e.g., combined with...). Figure 16 The processor 910 or the transceiver circuit 920 (e.g., the transceiver circuit may include part or all of the circuitry for one or more wired connections and / or RF circuitry 1506, which may include one or more of transmitter circuitry (e.g., associated with one or more transmit chains) or receiver circuitry (e.g., associated with one or more receive chains), wherein the transmitter circuitry and receiver circuitry may employ common circuitry elements, different circuitry elements, or a combination thereof); and memory 930 (which may include any of a variety of storage media and may store instructions and / or data associated with one or more of the processor 910 or transceiver circuitry 920).

[0077] Specifically, the term "memory" is intended to include mounting media, such as CD-ROMs, floppy disks, or magnetic tape devices; computer system memory or random access memory such as DRAM, DDR RAM, SRAM, EDO RAM, Rambus RAM, etc.; non-volatile memory such as flash memory, magnetic media, such as hard disk drives or optical storage devices; registers, or other similar types of memory elements, etc. Memory media may also include other types of memory or combinations thereof. In various aspects, device 900 may be included within an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) Node B (eNode B, eNodeB, or eNB), a Next Generation Node B (gNode B or gNB), or other base stations or TRPs (transmit / receive points) in a wireless communication network. In some aspects, processor 910, transceiver circuitry 920, and memory 930 may be included in a single device, while in other aspects they may be included in different devices, such as part of a distributed architecture. In some aspects, processor 910, transceiver circuitry 920, and memory 930 may be included in an integrated circuit (IC) or a chip.

[0078] See Figure 10This document illustrates a block diagram of a device 1000 that may be employed in a user equipment (UE) or other network device (e.g., an IoT device) according to various aspects described herein. In some aspects, device 1000 may be included in UE 602, UE 702, and UE 802 as described above. However, in other aspects, device 1000 may be included within any UE associated with a wireless communication system. Device 1000 may include: one or more processors 1010 (e.g., one or more baseband processors, such as those combined with…) Figure 15 and / or Figure 16 The one or more baseband processors discussed include processing circuitry and associated interfaces (e.g., combined with...). Figure 16 The device 1000 includes one or more interfaces discussed; transceiver circuitry 1020 (e.g., including part or all of RF circuitry 1506, which may include transmitter circuitry (e.g., associated with one or more transmit chains) and / or receiver circuitry (e.g., associated with one or more receive chains), the transmitter circuitry and / or receiver circuitry may employ common circuit elements, different circuit elements, or combinations thereof); and memory 1030 (which may include any of a variety of storage media and may store instructions and / or data associated with one or more of the processor 1010 or transceiver circuitry 1020). Specifically, the term memory is intended to include mounting media, such as CD-ROM, floppy disk, or magnetic tape devices; computer system memory or random access memory such as DRAM, DDR RAM, SRAM, EDO RAM, Rambus RAM, etc.; non-volatile memory such as flash memory, magnetic media, such as hard disk drives or optical storage devices; registers, or other similar types of memory elements, etc. Memory media may also include other types of memory or combinations thereof. In various aspects, device 1000 may be included within user equipment (UE). In some aspects, the processor 1010, transceiver circuitry 1020, and memory 1030 may be included in an integrated circuit (IC) or chip.

[0079] In all the aspects discussed herein, signals and / or messages may be generated and output for transmission, and / or transmitted messages may be received and processed. Depending on the type of signal or message generated, (e.g., by processor 1010) the output for transmission may include one or more of the following operations: generating a set of associated bits indicating the content of the signal or message; encoding (e.g., may include adding cyclic redundancy check (CRC) and / or encoding via turbine code, low-density parity check (LDPC) code, truncated convolutional code (TBCC), etc.); scrambling (e.g., based on a scrambling seed); modulation (e.g., via binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), or some form of quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), etc.); and / or resource mapping (e.g., mapping to a set of scheduled resources, mapping to a set of time and frequency resources authorized for uplink transmission, etc.). Depending on the type of the received signal or message, (e.g., by processor 1010) processing may include one or more of the following operations: identifying physical resources associated with the signal / message, detecting the signal / message, deinterleaving resource element groups, demodulating, descrambling and / or decoding.

[0080] Figure 11a A flowchart of a method 1100 for access control of a UE in a wireless communication system is shown, according to one aspect of this disclosure, when the user equipment (UE) is configured to transmit in an inactive state. References herein include... Figure 10 The method 1100 is explained by means of the apparatus 1000. In some aspects, the apparatus 1000 may include in Figure 6 Within UE 602. Therefore, further reference is needed. Figure 6 The NR system 600 in the diagram is used to interpret method 1100. At 1102, one or more processors 1010 are used to process data from the base station (e.g., Figure 6 The service configuration signal received by the base station 604 (e.g., Figure 6 (Service configuration signal 606 in the context of the UE). In some aspects, the service configuration signal includes an indication of one or more service configurations associated with data transmissions permitted to be transmitted by the UE during the UE's inactive state. At 1104, based on processing the service configuration signal, one or more processors 1010 determine one or more service configurations associated with data transmissions permitted to be transmitted by the UE during the UE's inactive state.

[0081] At 1106, one or more processors 1010 are used to process uplink (UL) data to be transmitted to the base station during the UE's inactive state. At 1108, one or more processors 1010 are used to determine one or more service configurations associated with the direct transmission of UL data. At 1110, during the UE's inactive state, one or more processors 1010 are used to perform the direct transmission of UL data to the base station via transceiver circuitry 1020 (e.g., Figure 6 (Direct transmission 608 in the text). In some aspects, direct transmission of UL data to the base station is performed when one or more service configurations associated with the direct transmission of UL data include service configurations that are configured to be received from the base station as part of a service configuration signal.

[0082] Figure 11b A flowchart of a method 1150 for access control of a base station in a wireless communication system is shown, according to one aspect of this disclosure, when the associated UE is configured to transmit in an inactive state. References herein include... Figure 9 The method 1150 is explained by means of device 900. In some aspects, device 900 may include in Figure 6 Within base station 604. Therefore, further reference... Figure 6 The NR system 600 in the text is used to interpret method 1150. At 1152, one or more processors 910 are used to generate the UE to be provided to it (e.g., Figure 6 The service configuration signal (e.g., UE 602) in the UE 602 Figure 6 (Service configuration signal 606 in the document). In some aspects, the service configuration signal includes an indication of one or more service configurations associated with data transmissions permitted by the UE during the UE's inactive state.

[0083] At 1154, a service configuration signal is provided to the UE from one or more processors 910 via transceiver circuitry 920. At 1156, one or more processors 910 are used to process the direct transmission of UL data received from the UE during the UE's inactive state (e.g., Figure 6 (Direct transmission 608 in the context of direct transmission). In some aspects, one or more service configurations associated with direct transmission include service configurations configured as part of service configuration signals.

[0084] Figure 12a A flowchart of a method 1200 for access control of a UE in a wireless communication system is shown, according to one aspect of this disclosure, when the user equipment (UE) is configured to transmit in an inactive state. References herein Figure 10 The method 1200 is explained by means of the apparatus 1000. In some aspects, the apparatus 1000 may include in Figure 7a , Figure 7b , Figure 7c , Figure 7d and Figure 7e Within UE 702. Therefore, further reference is needed. Figure 7a , Figure 7b , Figure 7c , Figure 7d and Figure 7e The NR system 700 in the example is used to explain method 1200. At 1202, one or more processors 1010 are used to generate data to be provided to the base station during the inactive state of the UE (e.g., ...). Figure 7a The base station 704 in the middle directly transmits signals. In some aspects, the direct transmission signals include a first transmission (e.g., Figure 7a The first transmission (706) includes a first Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (PDU) for directly transmitting signals. In some aspects, the first MAC PDU includes access control information, which includes one or more access control parameters associated with the directly transmitted signals to facilitate access control at the base station.

[0085] At 1204, during the UE's inactive state, a first transmission associated with a directly transmitted signal is provided to the base station from one or more processors 1010. At 1206, while providing the first transmission, one or more processors 1010 are used to monitor one or more signals from the base station (e.g., Figure 7b AC feedback signal 722 in Figure 7c Delay indication signal 742 in Figure 7d The reverse indication signal 762 or Figure 7e The RRC recovery / set signal 782 is used to determine whether the base station should refuse UE access at this time. At 1208, based on this determination, one or more processors 1010 stop any subsequent direct transmission from the UE to the base station when the UE is inactive.

[0086] Figure 12b A flowchart of a method 1250 for access control of a base station in a wireless communication system is shown, according to one aspect of this disclosure, when the associated UE is configured to transmit in an inactive state. References herein include... Figure 9 The method 1250 is explained by means of device 900. In some aspects, device 900 may include in Figure 7a , Figure 7b , Figure 7c , Figure 7d and Figure 7e Within base station 704. Therefore, further reference... Figure 7a , Figure 7b , Figure 7c , Figure 7d and Figure 7eThe NR system 700 in the UE interprets method 1250. At 1252, during the inactive state of the UE, one or more processors 910 are used from the UE (e.g., Figure 7a UE 702) receives the first transmission associated with the directly transmitted signal (e.g., Figure 7a The first transmission 706 in the first transmission. In some aspects, the first transmission includes a first Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (PDU) for directly transmitting a signal. In some aspects, the first MAC PDU includes access control information, which includes one or more access control parameters associated with the directly transmitted signal. At 1254, one or more processors 910 are used to process the first transmission associated with the directly transmitted signal. At 1256, based on the access control information within the first transmission or network conditions, or both, one or more processors 910 are used to control subsequent direct transmissions from the UE in the inactive state of the UE.

[0087] Figure 13a shows a flowchart of a method 1300 for access control of a UE in a wireless communication system when the user equipment (UE) is configured to transmit in an inactive state, according to one aspect of this disclosure. (References herein) Figure 10 The method 1300 is explained by means of the apparatus 1000. In some aspects, the apparatus 1000 may include in Figure 8a , Figure 8b , Figure 8c and Figure 8d Within UE 802. Therefore, further reference... Figure 8a , Figure 8b , Figure 8c and Figure 8d The NR system 800 in the UE is used to interpret method 1300. At 1302, during the inactive state of the UE, one or more processors 1010 use the first transmission associated with the direct transmission signal (e.g., Figure 8a The first transmission 806 in the process is provided to the base station (e.g., Figure 8a (Base station 804 in the example). At 1304, in response to providing the first transmission, one or more processors 1010 monitor one or more indicator signals from the base station (e.g., ...). Figure 8a The indicator signal 808 in the middle is used to determine whether the first transmission was successful.

[0088] At 1306, when it is determined that the first transmission failed, one or more processors 1010 start a backoff timer with an associated backoff time value. At 1308, one or more processors 1010 delay any retransmission of the first transmission in the inactive state of the UE until the backoff timer expires. At 1310, after the backoff timer expires, one or more processors 1010 perform one or more retransmissions of the first transmission in the inactive state of the UE until the UE receives an indication that the previous retransmission was successful or until the maximum number of retransmissions is reached. At 1312, when the maximum number of retransmissions is reached and the corresponding retransmission fails, one or more processors 1010 mark the first transmission as failed. At 1314, when the first transmission is marked as failed, the UE uses one or more processors 1010 to transition from the inactive state to the connected state (using...). Figure 8b The traditional recovery process 822 in the process. Alternatively, at 1316, a second back-back timer with a predefined second back-back timer value is started using one or more processors 1010 (e.g., ...). Figure 8c The second backoff timer 846 in the processor 1010, and when the first transmission is marked as a failure, performs the next retransmission of the first transmission using one or more processors 1010 when the second backoff timer expires (e.g., Figure 8c (Retransmission 842 in the example). In some aspects, one or more processors 1010 are configured to perform one or more retransmissions until a predefined maximum number of retransmissions is reached. When the maximum number of retransmissions is reached and the corresponding retransmission fails, one or more processors 1010 may trigger a conventional recovery process (e.g., Figure 8c The traditional recovery process (844) or moving to an idle state.

[0089] At 1318, in response to providing one or more direct transmissions including the first transmission to the base station, one or more processors 1010 are used to process the stop indication signal received from the base station (e.g., Figure 8d The stop indication signal 866 in the example. In some aspects, the stop indication signal instructs the UE to start a stop timer with an associated stop time value, during which any direct transmission from the inactive UE to the base station will be stopped. At 1320, the stop timer is started, and one or more processors 1010 stop any direct transmission from the inactive UE to the base station until the stop timer expires.

[0090] Figure 13b A flowchart of a method 1350 for access control of a base station in a wireless communication system is shown, according to one aspect of this disclosure, when the associated UE is configured to transmit in an inactive state. References herein include... Figure 9The method 1350 is explained by means of device 900. In some aspects, device 900 may include... Figure 8a , Figure 8b , Figure 8c and Figure 8d Within base station 804. Therefore, further reference... Figure 8a , Figure 8b , Figure 8c and Figure 8d The NR system 800 in the NR system interprets method 1350. At 1352, one or more processors 910 are used to process data from an inactive UE (e.g., ...). Figure 8d One or more direct transmissions (e.g., UE 802) associated with the direct transmission signal of the UE 802) Figure 8d (Direct transmissions 862 and 864 in the code). At 1354, based on network conditions, one or more processors 910 determine whether subsequent direct transmissions from an inactive UE are permitted.

[0091] At 1356, when it is determined that subsequent direct transmissions from an inactive UE are not permitted, one or more processors 910 provide a stop indication signal to the UE (e.g., Figure 8d The stop indication signal 866 in the example. In some aspects, the stop indication signal instructs the UE to start a stop timer with an associated stop time value, during which any direct transmission from the inactive UE to the base station will be stopped. At 1358, when the first transmission of the direct transmission signal cannot be successfully processed at the base station, one or more processors 910 provide the UE with an indication that the first transmission was unsuccessful.

[0092] Although the method has been shown and described above as a series of actions or events, it should be understood that the order of such actions or events shown should not be construed as limiting. For example, some actions may occur in a different order and / or simultaneously with other actions or events besides those shown and / or described herein. Furthermore, not all of the actions shown may be required to achieve one or more aspects disclosed herein. Additionally, one or more of the actions shown herein may be performed in one or more separate actions and / or phases.

[0093] The aspects described herein can be implemented into a system using any appropriately configured hardware and / or software. Figure 14The architecture of a system 1400, including a core network (CN) 1420 such as a fifth-generation (5G) CN (5GC), is illustrated according to various aspects. The system 1400 is shown to include a UE 1401, which may be the same as or similar to one or more other UEs discussed herein; a 3GPP radio access network (radio AN or RAN) or other (e.g., non-3GPP) AN, (R)AN 1410, which may include one or more RAN nodes (e.g., evolved Node B (eNB)), next-generation Node B (gNB and / or other nodes), or other nodes or access points; and a data network (DN) 1403, which may be, for example, operator services, internet access, or third-party services; and a fifth-generation core network (5GC) 1420. 1420 may include one or more of the following functions and network components: Authentication Server Function (AUSF) 1422, Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 1421, Session Management Function (SMF) 1424, Network Exposure Function (NEF) 1423, Policy Control Function (PCF) 1426, Network Repository Function (NRF) 1425, Unified Data Management (UDM) 1427, Application Function (AF) 1428, User Plane (UP) Function (UPF) 1402, and Network Slice Selection Function (NSSF) 1429.

[0094] The UPF 1402 can act as an anchor point for mobility within and between RATs, an external Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session point interconnected with the DN 1403, and a branch point supporting multihomed PDU sessions. The UPF 1402 can also perform packet routing and forwarding, packet inspection, enforcement of the user plane portion of policy rules, lawful packet interception (UP collection), traffic usage reporting, QoS processing on the user plane (e.g., packet filtering, gating, uplink (UL) / downlink (DL) rate enforcement), uplink traffic authentication (e.g., Service Data Flow (SDF) to QoS flow mapping), transport level packet marking in uplink and downlink, and downlink packet buffering and downlink data notification triggering. The UPF 1402 may include an uplink classifier to support traffic routing to the data network. The DN 1403 may represent various network operator services, Internet access, or third-party services. The DN 1403 may include or resemble an application server. UPF 1402 can interact with SMF 1424 via the N4 reference point between SMF1424 and UPF 1402.

[0095] AUSF 1422 stores data used for authenticating UE 1401 and handles authentication-related functions. AUSF 1422 facilitates a common authentication framework for various access types. AUSF 1422 can communicate with AMF 1421 via the N12 reference point between AMF 1421 and AUSF 1422, and with UDM 1427 via the N13 reference point between UDM 1427 and AUSF 1422. Additionally, AUSF 1422 can present an interface based on Nausf services.

[0096] AMF 1421 is responsible for registration management (e.g., registering UE 1401, etc.), connection management, reachability management, mobility management, lawful interception of AMF-related events, and access authentication and authorization. AMF 1421 can be the termination point of the N11 reference point between AMF 1421 and SMF 1424. AMF 1421 provides transport for SM messages between UE 1401 and SMF 1424 and acts as a transparent proxy for routing SM messages. AMF 1421 can also provide transport for UE 1401 and the Short Message Service (SMS) function (SMSF) (…). Figure 14 SMS messages are transmitted between (not shown in the diagram). AMF 1421 can act as a Security Anchor Function (SEAF), which may include interaction with AUSF 1422 and UE 1401 and / or receiving an intermediate key established during the UE 1401 authentication process. In the case of authentication using a Universal Subscriber Identity Module (USIM), AMF 1421 may retrieve security material from AUSF 1422. AMF 1421 may also include a Single Connection Mode (SCM) function, which receives a key from SEA for deriving an access network-specific key. Furthermore, AMF 1421 may be the termination point of the RAN Control Plane (CP) interface, which may include or may be the N2 reference point between (R)AN 1410 and AMF 1421, and AMF 1421 may be the termination point of Non-Access Stratum (NAS) (N1) signaling, performing NAS encryption and integrity protection.

[0097] AMF 1421 can also support NAS signaling with UE 1401 via a non-3GPP (N3) Interoperability Function (IWF) interface. The N3 IWF can be used to provide access to untrusted entities. The N3 IWF can be the termination point of the N2 interface between the control plane (R)AN 1410 and AMF 1421, and can be the termination point of the N3 reference point between the user plane (R)AN 1410 and UPF 1402. Therefore, AMF 1421 can process N2 signaling from SMF 1424 and AMF 1421 for PDU sessions and QoS, encapsulate / decapsulate packets for Internet Protocol (IP) Security (IPSec) and N3 tunneling, mark N3 user plane packets in the uplink, and perform QoS corresponding to the N3 packet markings, thus taking into account the QoS requirements associated with such markings received via N2. The N3IWF can also relay uplink and downlink control plane NAS signaling between UE 1401 and AMF 1421 via the N1 reference point between UE 1401 and AMF 1421, and relay uplink and downlink user plane packets between UE 1401 and UPF 1402. The N3IWF also provides a mechanism for establishing IPsec tunnels using UE 1401. AMF 1421 can present an interface based on Namf services and can be the N14 reference point between two AMF 1421s and the 5G Equipment Identity Register (5G-EIR) between AMF 1421 and the 5G Equipment Identity Register (5G-EIR). Figure 14 The terminus of the N17 reference point (not shown in the image) between the reference points.

[0098] UE 1401 can register with AMF 1421 to receive network services. Registration Management (RM) is used to enable UE 1401 to register or deregister with the network (e.g., AMF 1421) and to establish a UE context in the network (e.g., AMF 1421). UE 1401 can operate in either RM-Registered or RM-Deregistered states. In the RM-DEREGISTERED state, UE 1401 does not register with the network, and the UE context in AMF 1421 does not maintain valid location or routing information for UE 1401; therefore, UE 1401 is not accessible by AMF 1421. In the RM-Registered state, UE 1401 registers with the network, and the UE context in AMF 1421 maintains valid location or routing information for UE 1401; therefore, UE 1401 is accessible by AMF 1421. In RM-registered state, UE 1401 can perform mobility registration update procedures, periodic registration update procedures triggered by the expiration of periodic update timers (e.g., to notify the network that UE 1401 is still active), and registration update procedures to update UE capability information or renegotiate protocol parameters with the network, etc.

[0099] AMF 1421 can store one or more RM contexts for UE 1401, where each RM context is associated with a specific access permission of the network. RM contexts can be data structures, database objects, etc., which in particular indicate or store the registration status and periodic update timers for each access type. AMF 1421 can also store 5GC Mobility Management (MM) contexts that are the same as or similar to the Enhanced Packet System (EPS) MM ((E)MM) context. In various aspects, AMF 1421 can store Coverage Enhancement (CE) Mode B restriction parameters for UE 1401 in the associated MM or RM context. AMF 1421 can also derive values ​​from UE usage setting parameters already stored in the UE context (and / or MM / RM context) when needed.

[0100] Connection Management (CM) can be used to establish and release signaling connections between UE 1401 and AMF 1421 via the N1 interface. The signaling connections are used to implement NAS signaling exchange between UE 1401 and CN 1420, and include both signaling connections between the UE and AN (e.g., RRC connections for non-3GPP access or UE-N3IWF connections) and N2 connections between the AN (e.g., RAN 1410) and AMF 1421 for UE 1401. UE 1401 can operate in one of two CM states (i.e., CM-Idle mode or CM-Connected mode). When UE 1401 is operating in CM-Idle state / mode, UE 1401 may not have a NAS signaling connection established with AMF 1421 via the N1 interface, and (R)AN 1410 signaling connections (e.g., N2 and / or N3 connections) for UE 1401 may exist. When UE 1401 is operating in CM-connected state / mode, UE 1401 may have a NAS signaling connection established with AMF 1421 via the N1 interface, and may have (R)AN 1410 signaling connections (e.g., N2 and / or N3 connections) for UE 1401. The establishment of the N2 connection between (R)AN 1410 and AMF 1421 may cause UE 1401 to switch from CM-idle mode to CM-connected mode, and when the N2 signaling between (R)AN 1410 and AMF 1421 is released, UE 1401 may switch from CM-connected mode to CM-idle mode.

[0101] SMF 1424 can be responsible for Session Management (SM) (e.g., session establishment, modification, and publication, including tunnel maintenance between UPF and AN nodes); UE IP address allocation and management (including optional authorization); selection and control of UP functions; configuring traffic redirection of the UPF to route traffic to the correct destination; terminating the interface toward policy control functions; policy enforcement and QoS control portions; lawful interception (for SM events and the interface with the lawful interception (LI) system); terminating the SM portion of NAS messages; downlink data notification; initiating AN-specific SM information sent to the AN via N2 through the AMF; and determining the Session and Service Continuity (SSC) mode of the session. SM can refer to the management of PDU sessions, and a PDU session or "session" can refer to the PDU connection service that provides or enables the exchange of PDUs between UE 1401 and the data network (DN) 1403 identified by the data network name (DNN). PDU sessions can be established, modified, and released upon request by UE 1401, modified, and released upon request by both UE 1401 and 5GC 1420, using NAS SM signaling exchanged via the N1 reference point between UE 1401 and SMF 1424. 5GC 1420 can trigger a specific application in UE 1401 upon request from the application server. In response to receiving a trigger message, UE 1401 can pass the trigger message (or relevant portions / information of the trigger message) to one or more identified applications in UE 1401. The identified applications in UE 1401 can establish a PDU session with a specific DNN. SMF 1424 can check whether the UE 1401 request matches the user subscription information associated with UE 1401. In this regard, SMF 1424 can retrieve and / or request updates regarding SMF 1424 tier subscription data from UDM 1427.

[0102] The SMF 1424 may include the following roaming functions: handling local execution to apply QoS Service Level Agreements (SLAs) (Visited Public Land Mobile Network (VPLMN)); charging data collection and charging interface (VPLMN); lawful interception (for SM events and interfaces with the LI system, in the VPLMN); and supporting interaction with external DNs to transmit signaling for PDU session authorization / authentication via external DNs. In roaming scenarios, an N16 reference point between two SMF 1424s may be included in system 1400, which may be located between another SMF 1424 in the visited network and an SMF 1424 in the home network. Additionally, the SMF 1424 may present an interface based on NSMF services.

[0103] The NEF 1423 provides means for securely exposing services and capabilities provided by 3GPP network functions to third parties, internal exposure / re-exposure, application functions (e.g., AF 1428), edge computing, or fog computing systems. In this regard, the NEF 1423 can authenticate, authorize, and / or restrict AFs. The NEF 1423 can also translate information exchanged with AF 1428 and information exchanged with internal network functions. For example, the NEF 1423 can translate between AF service identifiers and internal 5GC information. The NEF 1423 can also receive information from other network functions (NFs) based on their exposure capabilities. This information can be stored as structured data at the NEF 1423 or stored at a data storage NF using a standardized interface. The stored information can then be re-exposed by the NEF 1423 to other NFs and AFs, and / or used for other purposes such as analysis. Additionally, the NEF 1423 can present an interface based on Nnef services.

[0104] The NRF 1425 supports service discovery, receiving NF discovery requests from NF instances and providing information about discovered NF instances to them. The NRF 1425 also maintains information about available NF instances and the services they support. As used herein, terms such as "instantiation" can refer to the creation of an instance, and "instance" can refer to the concrete occurrence of an object, which may occur, for example, during the execution of program code. Additionally, the NRF 1425 can present an interface based on Nnrf services.

[0105] PCF 1426 provides control plane functions to enforce their policy rules and also supports a unified policy framework for managing network behavior. PCF 1426 can also implement FE to access subscription information related to policy decisions in the UDR of UDM 1427. PCF 1426 can communicate with AMF 1421 via the N15 reference point between PCF 1426 and AMF 1421, which can include PCF 1426 in the visited network and AMF 1421 in roaming scenarios. PCF 1426 can communicate with AF 1428 via the N5 reference point between PCF 1426 and AF 1428, and with SMF 1424 via the N7 reference point between PCF 1426 and SMF 1424. System 1400 and / or CN 1420 may also include an N24 reference point between PCF 1426 (in the home network) and PCF 1426 in the visited network. In addition, PCF 1426 can present an interface based on Npcf services.

[0106] UDM 1427 can process subscription-related information to support network entities in handling communication sessions and can store subscription data of UE 1401. For example, subscription data can be transferred between UDM 1427 and AMF via the N8 reference point between UDM 1427 and AMF 1421. UDM 1427 may include two parts: Application Function Entity (FE) and Unified Data Repository (UDR). Figure 1 (FE and UDR are not shown). The UDR may store subscription data and policy data of UDM 1427 and PCF 1426, and / or structured data for exposure of NEF 1423, as well as application data (including Packet Flow Description (PFD) for application detection and application request information for multiple UEs 1401). The interface based on the Nudr service may be presented by UDR 221 to allow UDM 1427, PCF 1426, and NEF 1423 to access specific sets of stored data, as well as notifications for reading, updating (e.g., adding, modifying), deleting, and subscribing to relevant data changes in the UDR. The UDM may include a UDM-FE, which is responsible for handling credentials, location management, subscription management, etc. Several different FEs may serve the same user in different transactions. The UDM-FE accesses subscription information stored in the UDR and performs authentication credential processing, user identification processing, access authorization, registration / mobility management, and subscription management. The UDR can interact with the SMF 1424 via the N10 reference point between the UDM 1427 and the SMF 1424. The UDM 1427 also supports SMS management, where the SMS-FE implements similar application logic as discussed elsewhere in this document. Additionally, the UDM 1427 can present an interface based on Nudm services.

[0107] AF 1428 can provide application-level influence on traffic routing, provide access to NEF 1423, and interact with the policy framework for policy control. 5GC 1420 and AF 1428 can provide information to each other via NEF 1423, which can be used in edge computing implementations. In such implementations, network operators and third-party services can be hosted near the UE 1401 access point to achieve efficient service delivery through reduced end-to-end latency and load on the transport network. For edge computing implementations, 5GC can select UPF 1402 near UE 1401 and perform traffic redirection from UPF 1402 to DN 1403 via the N6 interface. This can be based on UE subscription data, UE location, and information provided by AF 1428. Thus, AF 1428 can influence UPF (re)selection and traffic routing. Based on operator deployment, when AF 1428 is considered a trusted entity, network operators can allow AF 1428 to interact directly with the relevant NF. In addition, the AF 1428 can present an interface based on Naf services.

[0108] NSSF 1429 can select a set of network slice instances to serve UE 1401. Where appropriate, NSSF 1429 can also determine the allowed network slice selection assistance information (NSSAI) and the mapping to the subscribed individual NSSAI (S-NSSAI). NSSF 1429 can also determine the AMF set, or list of candidate AMFs 1421, for serving UE 1401 based on appropriate configuration and possibly by querying NRF 1425. The selection of a set of network slice instances for UE 1401 can be triggered by AMF 1421, where UE 1401 registers through interaction with NSSF 1429, which can result in a change to AMF 1421. NSSF 1429 can interact with AMF 1421 via the N22 reference point between AMF 1421 and NSSF 1429, and via the N31 reference point (…). Figure 14 (Not shown) Communicates with another NSSF 1429 in the visited network. Additionally, the NSSF 1429 may present an interface based on the Nnssf service.

[0109] As previously discussed, CN 1420 may include an SMSF, which may be responsible for SMS subscription checks and authentication, and relaying SM messages to / from UE1401 to / from other entities, such as SMS-Gateway Mobile Switching Center (GMSC) / Interoperable MSC (IWMSC) / SMS-Router. The SMSF may also interact with AMF 1421 and UDM 1427 for notification procedures that make UE1401 available for SMS delivery (e.g., setting a UE unreachable flag and notifying UDM1427 when UE1401 is available for SMS).

[0110] CN 1420 may also include Figure 14 Other elements not shown include data storage systems / architecture, 5G-EIR, Secure Edge Protection Agent (SEPP), etc. Data storage systems may include Structured Data Storage Functions (SDSF), Unstructured Data Storage Functions (UDSF), etc. Any NF can be transmitted via any NF and UDSF ( Figure 1 The N18 reference points (not shown in the diagram) between NFs store unstructured data in or retrieve it from the UDSF (e.g., UE context). Individual NFs may share a UDSF for storing their respective unstructured data, or each NF may have its own UDSF located at or near the respective NF. Additionally, the UDSF may present an interface based on the Nudsf service (…). Figure 1 (Not shown in the image). 5G-EIR can be an NF that checks the status of a Permanent Equipment Identifier (PEI) to determine whether a specific piece of equipment / entity should be blacklisted from the network; and SEPP can be a non-transparent agent that performs topology hiding, message filtering, and policing on the control plane interface between PLMNs.

[0111] Furthermore, there can be more reference points and / or service-based interfaces between NF services; however, for clarity, Figure 14 These interfaces and reference points are omitted. In one example, CN 1420 may include an Nx interface, which is an inter-CN interface between the MME (e.g., a non-5G MME) and AMF 1421 to enable interoperability between CN 1420 and non-5G CNs. Other exemplary interfaces / reference points may include an interface based on N5g-EIR services presented by 5G-EIR, reference point N27 between the Network Storage Function (NRF) in the visited network and the NRF in the home network; and reference point N31 between the NSSF in the visited network and the NSSF in the home network.

[0112] Figure 15Exemplary components of device 1500 according to some aspects are shown. In some aspects, device 1500 may include application circuitry 1502, baseband circuitry 1504, radio frequency (RF) circuitry 1506, front-end module (FEM) circuitry 1508, one or more antennas 1510, and power management circuitry (PMC) 1512 (at least coupled together as shown). Components of the illustrated device 1500 may be included in a UE or RAN node. In some aspects, device 1500 may include fewer components (e.g., the RAN node may not utilize application circuitry 1502, but instead include a processor / controller to process IP data received from a CN such as 5GC 1420 or Evolved Packet Core (EPC)). In some aspects, device 1500 may include additional components such as memory / storage devices, displays, cameras, sensors, or input / output (I / O) interfaces. In other aspects, the following components may be included in more than one device (e.g., the circuitry may be individually included in more than one device for a cloud-RAN (C-RAN) specific implementation).

[0113] Application circuitry 1502 may include one or more application processors. For example, application circuitry 1502 may include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. The processor may include any combination of general-purpose processors and special-purpose processors (e.g., graphics processors, application processors, etc.). The processor may be coupled to or may include a memory / storage device and may be configured to execute instructions stored in the memory / storage device to enable various applications or operating systems to run on device 1500. In some aspects, the processor of application circuitry 1502 may process IP data packets received from the EPC.

[0114] Baseband circuitry 1504 may include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. Baseband circuitry 1504 may include one or more baseband processors or control logic components to process baseband signals received from the receive signal path of RF circuitry 1506 and generate baseband signals for the transmit signal path of RF circuitry 1506. Baseband circuitry 1504 may interact with application circuitry 1502 to generate and process baseband signals and control the operation of RF circuitry 1506. For example, in some aspects, baseband circuitry 1504 may include a third-generation (3G) baseband processor 1504A, a fourth-generation (4G) baseband processor 1504B, a fifth-generation (5G) baseband processor 1504C, or other existing, under development, or future generations (e.g., second-generation (2G), sixth-generation (6G), etc.) baseband processor 1504D. The baseband circuitry 1504 (e.g., one or more baseband processors 1504A-D) can handle various radio control functions that can communicate with one or more radio networks via RF circuitry 1506. In other aspects, some or all of the functions of the baseband processors 1504A-D may be included in modules stored in memory 1504G and may be executed via a central processing unit (CPU) 1504E. Radio control functions may include, but are not limited to, signal modulation / demodulation, encoding / decoding, RF shifting, etc. In some aspects, the modulation / demodulation circuitry of the baseband circuitry 1504 may include Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), precoding, or constellation mapping / demapping functions. In some aspects, the encoding / decoding circuitry of the baseband circuitry 1504 may include convolution, tail-biting convolution, turbo, Viterbi, or low-density parity-check (LDPC) encoder / decoder functions. The aspects of modulation / demodulation and encoder / decoder functions are not limited to these examples, and other suitable functions may be included in other aspects.

[0115] In some aspects, the baseband circuitry 1504 may include one or more audio digital signal processors (DSPs) 1504F. The audio DSP 1504F may include elements for compression / decompression and echo cancellation, and in other aspects may include other suitable processing elements. In some aspects, components of the baseband circuitry may be suitably combined in a single chip, a single chipset, or disposed on the same circuit board. In some aspects, some or all of the components of the baseband circuitry 1504 and the application circuitry 1502 may be implemented together, for example, on a system-on-a-chip (SoC).

[0116] In some aspects, baseband circuit 1504 can provide communication compatible with one or more radio technologies. For example, in some aspects, baseband circuit 1504 can support communication with NG-RAN, Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (EUTRAN), or other Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks (WMAN), Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN), Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPAN), etc. Aspects in which baseband circuit 1504 is configured to support radio communication with more than one radio protocol may be referred to as multimode baseband circuitry.

[0117] RF circuit 1506 can communicate with a wireless network using modulated electromagnetic radiation over a non-solid medium. In various aspects, RF circuit 1506 may include switches, filters, amplifiers, etc., to facilitate communication with the wireless network. RF circuit 1506 may include a receive signal path that includes circuitry for down-converting an RF signal received from FEM circuit 1508 and providing a baseband signal to baseband circuit 1504. RF circuit 1506 may also include a transmit signal path that includes circuitry for up-converting the baseband signal provided by baseband circuit 1504 and providing an RF output signal to FEM circuit 1508 for transmission.

[0118] In some aspects, the receive signal path of RF circuit 1506 may include mixer circuit 1506a, amplifier circuit 1506b, and filter circuit 1506c. In some aspects, the transmit signal path of RF circuit 1506 may include filter circuit 1506c and mixer circuit 1506a. RF circuit 1506 may also include synthesizer circuit 1506d for synthesizing the frequency used by mixer circuit 1506a in both the receive and transmit signal paths. In some aspects, mixer circuit 1506a in the receive signal path may be configured to down-convert the RF signal received from FEM circuit 1508 based on the synthesized frequency provided by synthesizer circuit 1506d. Amplifier circuit 1506b may be configured to amplify the down-converted signal, and filter circuit 1506c may be a low-pass filter (LPF) or band-pass filter (BPF) configured to remove unwanted signals from the down-converted signal to generate an output baseband signal. The output baseband signal may be provided to baseband circuit 1504 for further processing. In some respects, the output baseband signal may be a zero-frequency baseband signal, but this is not required. In some respects, the mixer circuit 1506a for the received signal path may include a passive mixer, but the range of respects is not limited in this respect.

[0119] In some respects, the mixer circuit 1506a of the transmission signal path can be configured to up-convert the input baseband signal based on the synthesized frequency provided by the synthesizer circuit 1506d to generate an RF output signal for the FEM circuit 1508. The baseband signal can be provided by the baseband circuit 1504 and can be filtered by the filter circuit 1506c.

[0120] In some aspects, the mixer circuit 1506a for the receive signal path and the mixer circuit 1506a for the transmit signal path may include two or more mixers and may be arranged for quadrature downconversion and upconversion, respectively. In some aspects, the mixer circuit 1506a for the receive signal path and the mixer circuit 1506a for the transmit signal path may include two or more mixers and may be arranged for image suppression (e.g., Hartley image suppression). In some aspects, the mixer circuit 1506a for the receive signal path and the mixer circuit 1506a may be arranged for direct downconversion and direct upconversion, respectively. In some aspects, the mixer circuit 1506a for the receive signal path and the mixer circuit 1506a for the transmit signal path may be configured for superheterodyne operation.

[0121] In some aspects, the output baseband signal and the input baseband signal may be analog baseband signals, but the range of aspects is not limited in this respect. In some alternative aspects, the output baseband signal and the input baseband signal may be digital baseband signals. In these alternative aspects, the RF circuit 1506 may include analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) circuitry, and the baseband circuit 1504 may include a digital baseband interface for communication with the RF circuit 1506.

[0122] In some dual-mode aspects, separate radio IC circuits can be provided to process signals for each spectrum, but the range of each aspect is not limited in this respect.

[0123] In some respects, synthesizer circuit 1506d can be a fractional N synthesizer or a fractional N / N+1 synthesizer, but the range of aspects is not limited in this respect, as other types of frequency synthesizers can be suitable. For example, synthesizer circuit 1506d can be a Δ-∑ synthesizer, a frequency multiplier, or a synthesizer including a phase-locked loop with a frequency divider.

[0124] Synthesizer circuit 1506d can be configured to synthesize an output frequency based on the frequency input and the divider control input for use by mixer circuit 1506a of RF circuit 1506. In some aspects, synthesizer circuit 1506d can be a fractional N / N+1 synthesizer.

[0125] In some respects, the frequency input can be provided by a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), but this is not required. The divider control input can be provided by the baseband circuit 1504 or the application circuit 1502 according to the desired output frequency. In some respects, the divider control input (e.g., N) can be determined from a lookup table based on the channel indicated by the application circuit 1502.

[0126] The synthesizer circuit 1506d of the RF circuit 1506 may include a frequency divider, a delay-locked loop (DLL), a multiplexer, and a phase accumulator. In some aspects, the frequency divider may be a dual-mode divider (DMD), and the phase accumulator may be a digital phase accumulator (DPA). In some aspects, the DMD may be configured to divide the input signal by N or N+1 (e.g., based on carry output) to provide a fractional division ratio. In some exemplary aspects, the DLL may include cascaded, tunable, delay elements, a phase detector, a charge pump, and a set of D-type flip-flops. In these aspects, the delay elements may be configured to divide the VCO period into Nd equal phase groups, where Nd is the number of delay elements in the delay line. In this way, the DLL provides negative feedback to help ensure that the total delay through the delay line is one VCO period.

[0127] In some aspects, the synthesizer circuit 1506d can be configured to generate a carrier frequency as the output frequency, while in others, the output frequency can be a multiple of the carrier frequency (e.g., twice the carrier frequency, four times the carrier frequency) and used in conjunction with quadrature generator and frequency divider circuitry to generate multiple signals having multiple different phases relative to each other at the carrier frequency. In some aspects, the output frequency can be the LO frequency (fLO). In some aspects, the RF circuit 1506 may include an IQ / polarity converter.

[0128] FEM circuit 1508 may include a receive signal path, which may include circuitry configured to operate on RF signals received from one or more antennas 1510, amplify the received signals, and provide an amplified version of the received signals to RF circuit 1506 for further processing. FEM circuit 1508 may also include a transmit signal path, which may include circuitry configured to amplify transmit signals provided by RF circuit 1506 for transmission through one or more of the one or more antennas 1510. In various aspects, amplification via the transmit or receive signal path may be performed only in RF circuit 1506, only in FEM circuit 1508, or in both RF circuit 1506 and FEM circuit 1508.

[0129] In some aspects, FEM circuit 1508 may include a TX / RX switch to switch between transmit and receive mode operation. The FEM circuit may include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path. The receive signal path of the FEM circuit may include an LNA to amplify the received RF signal and provide the amplified received RF signal as an output (e.g., provided to RF circuit 1506). The transmit signal path of FEM circuit 1508 may include a power amplifier (PA) to amplify the input RF signal (e.g., provided by RF circuit 1506), and one or more filters to generate an RF signal for subsequent transmission (e.g., through one or more antennas in one or more antennas 1510).

[0130] In some respects, the PMC 1512 can manage the power supplied to the baseband circuitry 1504. Specifically, the PMC 1512 can control power selection, voltage scaling, battery charging, or DC-DC conversion. The PMC 1512 is typically included when the device 1500 can be battery powered, for example, when the device is included in a UE. The PMC 1512 can improve power conversion efficiency while providing the desired implementation size and thermal characteristics.

[0131] Although Figure 15 The PMC 1512 is shown coupled only to the baseband circuit 1504. However, in other respects, the PMC 1512 may be additionally or alternatively coupled to other components (such as, but not limited to, the application circuit 1502, the RF circuit 1506, or the FEM circuit 1508) and perform similar power management operations.

[0132] In some respects, the PMC 1512 can control or otherwise become part of various power-saving mechanisms of the device 1500. For example, if the device 1500 is in the RRC_Connected state, where the device is still connected to the RAN node because it expects to receive traffic immediately, it can enter a state called Discontinuous Receive Mode (DRX) after a period of inactivity. During this state, the device 1500 can be powered down for short intervals, thereby saving power.

[0133] If there is no data traffic activity during the extended period, device 1500 can transition to the RRC_Idle state, in which the device disconnects from the network and does not perform operations such as channel quality feedback or handover. Device 1500 enters a very low power state and performs paging, in which the device periodically wakes up again to listen to the network, and then powers off again. Device 1500 may not receive data in this state; to receive data, the device can transition back to the RRC_Connected state.

[0134] An additional power-saving mode allows the device to be unavailable from the network for periods exceeding the paging interval (ranging from seconds to hours). During this time, the device is completely unconnected to the network and can be completely powered off. Any data sent during this period will incur significant latency, which is assumed to be acceptable.

[0135] The processor of application circuit 1502 and the processor of baseband circuit 1504 can be used to execute elements of one or more instances of the protocol stack. For example, the processor of baseband circuit 1504 can be used alone or in combination to perform Layer 3, Layer 2, or Layer 1 functions, while the processor of application circuit 1502 can utilize data received from these layers (e.g., packet data) and further perform Layer 4 functions (e.g., Transport Communication Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP) layers). As mentioned herein, Layer 3 may include the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, which will be described in further detail below. As mentioned herein, Layer 2 may include the Media Access Control (MAC) layer, the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, and the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, which will be described in further detail below. As mentioned herein, Layer 1 may include the Physical (PHY) layer of the UE / RAN node, which will be described in further detail below.

[0136] Figure 16 An exemplary interface for a baseband circuit is shown, based on some aspects. As discussed above, Figure 2 The baseband circuit 1504 may include processors 1504A-1504E and memory 1504G utilized by the processors. Each of the processors 1504A-1504E may include a memory interface 1604A-1604E for sending / receiving data to / from memory 1504G.

[0137] Baseband circuit 1504 may further include: one or more interfaces for communicatively coupling to other circuits / devices, such as memory interface 1612 (e.g., an interface for sending / receiving data to / from a memory external to baseband circuit 1504); application circuit interface 1614 (e.g., for sending / receiving data to / from a memory external to baseband circuit 1504); and application circuit interface 1614 (e.g., for sending / receiving data to / from a memory external to baseband circuit 1504). Figure 2 Application circuit 1502 (interface for sending / receiving data); RF circuit interface 1616 (e.g., for sending / receiving data to / from...). Figure 2 RF circuit 1506 (interface for transmitting / receiving data); wireless hardware connection interface 1618 (e.g., for transmitting / receiving data to / from near field communication (NFC) components, Components (e.g.) (low power consumption) Interfaces for sending / receiving data to / from components and other communication components; and power management interface 1620 (e.g., an interface for sending / receiving power or control signals to / from PMC 1512).

[0138] In various aspects, the aspects discussed herein can facilitate inter-cell beam management (BM) via L1 (Layer 1) through one or more variations of the first set of techniques and / or the second set of techniques. The first set of techniques discussed herein can facilitate L1 inter-cell BM via SSB (Synchronization Signal Block). The second set of techniques discussed herein can facilitate L1 inter-cell BM via Synchronization CSI (Channel State Information) - RS (Reference Signal).

[0139] Embodiments may include subjects such as methods, means for performing actions or blocks of the method, at least one machine-readable medium including instructions that, when executed by a machine, cause the machine to perform actions of a method, apparatus, or system for concurrent communication using various communication technologies according to the embodiments and examples described herein.

[0140] Example 1 is an integrated circuit (IC) associated with a user equipment (UE), including one or more processors configured to process service configuration signals received from an associated base station, wherein the service configuration signals include indications of one or more service configurations associated with data transmissions permitted to be transmitted by the UE during the UE's inactive state; and, based on processing the service configuration signals, to determine the one or more service configurations associated with the data transmissions permitted to be transmitted by the UE during the UE's inactive state.

[0141] Example 2 is an IC that includes the subject matter of Example 1, wherein one or more processors are configured to process uplink (UL) data to be transmitted to the base station during the inactivity state of the UE; determine one or more service configurations associated with the direct transmission of the UL data; and perform the direct transmission of the UL data to the base station during the inactivity state of the UE when the one or more service configurations associated with the direct transmission of the UL data include a service configuration that is configured to be received from the base station as part of a service configuration signal.

[0142] Example 3 is an IC that includes the subject matter of Examples 1 to 2, including or omitting components, wherein the one or more service configurations within the service configuration signal include one or more of the following indications: an indication of whether a Dedicated Radio Bearer (DRB) is allowed to be transmitted in the inactive state, an indication of whether Radio Resource Control (RRC) / Non-Access Stratum (NAS) transmission is allowed in the inactive state, an indication of whether paging-triggered direct transmission is allowed in the inactive state, an indication of which access classes and access identities are allowed to be transmitted in the inactive state, and an indication of the recovery reason allowed to be transmitted in the inactive state.

[0143] Example 4 is an IC that includes the subject matter of Examples 1 to 3, with or without components, wherein, when one or more service configurations associated with the direct transmission are not configured within the service configuration signal, the one or more processors are configured to transition the UE from the inactive state to the connected state in order to transmit the UL data to the base station.

[0144] Example 5 is an IC that includes the subject matter of Examples 1 to 4, with or without components, wherein one or more processors are configured to provide a Radio Resource Control (RRC) Resumption Request signal to the base station in order to transition the UE from the inactive state to the connected state.

[0145] Example 6 is an IC that includes the subject matter of Examples 1 to 5, with or without components, wherein the service configuration signal is received from the base station via dedicated signaling or broadcast signaling.

[0146] Example 7 is a method for a user equipment (UE), comprising: processing a service configuration signal received from an associated base station using one or more processors, wherein the service configuration signal includes an indication of one or more service configurations associated with data transmission permitted to be transmitted by the UE during an inactive state of the UE; and determining, based on the processing of the service configuration signal, the one or more processors the one or more service configurations associated with the data transmission permitted to be transmitted by the UE during the inactive state of the UE.

[0147] Example 8 is a method that includes the subject matter of Example 7, further comprising: processing uplink (UL) data to be transmitted to the base station using the one or more processors during the inactivity state of the UE; determining one or more service configurations associated with the direct transmission of the UL data using the one or more processors; and performing the direct transmission of the UL data to the base station using the one or more processors when the one or more service configurations associated with the direct transmission of the UL data include a service configuration that is configured to be received from the base station as part of a service configuration signal.

[0148] Example 9 is a method that includes the subject matter of Examples 7 to 8, including or omitting elements, wherein the one or more service configurations within the service configuration signal include one or more of the following indications: an indication of whether a Dedicated Radio Bearer (DRB) is allowed to be transmitted in the inactive state, an indication of whether Radio Resource Control (RRC) / Non-Access Stratum (NAS) transmission is allowed in the inactive state, an indication of whether paging-triggered direct transmission is allowed in the inactive state, an indication of which access classes and access identities are allowed to be transmitted in the inactive state, and an indication of the recovery reason allowed to be transmitted in the inactive state.

[0149] Example 10 is a method that includes the subject matter of Examples 7 to 9, with or without elements, wherein, when one or more service configurations associated with the direct transmission are not configured within the service configuration signal, the one or more processors are configured to transition the UE from the inactive state to the connected state in order to transmit the UL data to the base station.

[0150] Example 11 is a method that includes the subject matter of Examples 7 to 10, including or omitting elements, wherein one or more processors are configured to provide a Radio Resource Control (RRC) Recovery Request signal to the base station in order to transition the UE from the inactive state to the connected state.

[0151] Example 12 is a method that includes the subject matter of Examples 7 to 11, including or omitting elements, wherein the service configuration signal is received from the base station via dedicated signaling or broadcast signaling.

[0152] Example 13 is a user equipment (UE) including one or more processors configured to generate a direct transmission signal to be provided to a base station during an inactive state of the UE, wherein the direct transmission signal includes a first transmission, the first transmission including a first Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (PDU) of the direct transmission signal, and wherein the first MAC PDU includes access control information including one or more access control parameters associated with the direct transmission signal to facilitate access control at the base station; and to provide the first transmission associated with the direct transmission signal to the base station during the inactive state of the UE.

[0153] Example 14 is a UE that includes the subject of Example 13, wherein the access control information is included in the access control (AC) MAC control element (CE) within the first MAC PDU.

[0154] Example 15 is a UE that includes the subject matter of Examples 13 to 14, including or omitting elements, wherein the access control information includes at least one of a recovery reason and a priority.

[0155] Example 16 is a UE that includes the subject matter of Examples 13 to 15, including or omitting elements, wherein one or more processors are further configured to, in response to providing the first transmission, perform a conventional recovery procedure to transition the UE from the inactive state to a connected state when the one or more processors do not receive an access control (AC) feedback signal from the base station within a predefined feedback time window, so as to perform subsequent data transmission.

[0156] Example 17 is a UE that includes the subject matter of Examples 13 to 16, including or omitting elements, wherein one or more processors are further configured to, in response to providing the first transmission, selectively receive a delay indication signal including a delay timer value from the base station based on network conditions; start a delay timer having the delay timer value based on processing the delay indication signal; and stop any subsequent direct transmission to the base station in the inactive state of the UE until the delay timer expires.

[0157] Example 18 is a UE that includes the subject matter of Examples 13 to 17, including or omitting elements, wherein one or more processors are further configured to selectively receive a backoff indication signal from the base station based on network conditions in response to providing the first transmission to the base station, wherein the backoff indication signal instructs the UE to back off to a legacy recovery procedure to transition the UE from the inactive state to a connected state in order to perform subsequent data transmission.

[0158] Example 19 is a UE that includes the subject matter of Examples 13 to 18, including or omitting elements, wherein one or more processors are further configured to selectively receive a Radio Resource Control (RRC) recovery / setup signal from the base station in response to providing the first transmission to the base station, wherein the RRC recovery / setup signal instructs the UE to transition from the inactive state to the connected state in order to perform subsequent data transmission.

[0159] Example 20 is a UE that includes the subject matter of Examples 13 to 19, including or omitting elements, wherein one or more processors are further configured to process service configuration signals received from the base station before generating the direct transmission signal, wherein the service configuration signals include indications of one or more service configurations associated with data transmissions permitted by the UE during the inactive state of the UE; and to generate the direct transmission signal based thereon.

[0160] Example 21 is an integrated circuit associated with a user equipment (UE) including one or more processors configured to generate a direct transmission signal to be provided to a base station during an inactive state of the UE, wherein the direct transmission signal includes a first transmission, the first transmission including a first Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (PDU) of the direct transmission signal, and wherein the first MAC PDU includes access control information including one or more access control parameters associated with the direct transmission signal to facilitate access control at the base station; and to provide the first transmission associated with the direct transmission signal to the base station during the inactive state of the UE.

[0161] Example 22 is an IC that includes the subject of Example 21, wherein the access control information is included in the access control (AC) MAC control element (CE) within the first MAC PDU.

[0162] Example 23 is an IC that includes the subject matter of Examples 21 to 22, including or omitting elements, wherein the access control information includes at least one of a recovery reason and a priority.

[0163] Example 24 is an IC that includes the subject matter of Examples 21 to 23, including or omitting components, wherein one or more processors are further configured to, in response to providing the first transmission, perform a conventional recovery procedure to transition the UE from the inactive state to a connected state when the one or more processors do not receive an access control (AC) feedback signal from the base station within a predefined feedback time window, so as to perform subsequent data transmission.

[0164] Example 25 is an IC that includes the subject matter of Examples 21 to 24, including or omitting elements, wherein one or more processors are further configured to, in response to providing the first transmission, selectively receive a delay indication signal including a delay timer value from the base station based on network conditions; start a delay timer having the delay timer value based on processing the delay indication signal; and stop any subsequent direct transmission to the base station in the inactive state of the UE until the delay timer expires.

[0165] Example 26 is an IC that includes the subject matter of Examples 21 to 25, including or omitting components, wherein one or more processors are further configured to selectively receive a backoff indication signal from the base station based on network conditions in response to providing the first transmission to the base station, wherein the backoff indication signal instructs the UE to back off to a legacy recovery procedure to transition the UE from the inactive state to a connected state in order to perform subsequent data transmission.

[0166] Example 27 is an IC that includes the subject matter of Examples 21 to 26, including or omitting components, wherein one or more processors are further configured to selectively receive a Radio Resource Control (RRC) recovery / setup signal from the base station in response to providing the first transmission to the base station, wherein the RRC recovery / setup signal instructs the UE to transition from the inactive state to the connected state in order to perform subsequent data transmission.

[0167] Example 28 is an IC that includes the subject matter of Examples 21 to 27, including or omitting elements, wherein one or more processors are further configured to process service configuration signals received from the base station prior to generating the direct transmission signal, wherein the service configuration signals include indications of one or more service configurations associated with data transmissions permitted by the UE during the inactivity state of the UE; and to generate the direct transmission signal based thereon.

[0168] Example 29 is a user equipment (UE) including one or more processors configured to provide a first transmission associated with a direct transmission signal to a base station during an inactive state of the UE; in response to providing the first transmission, monitor one or more indicator signals received from the base station to determine whether the first transmission was successful; when it is determined that the first transmission was unsuccessful, start a backoff timer with an associated backoff time value; and delay any retransmission of the first transmission during the inactive state of the UE until the backoff timer expires.

[0169] Example 30 is a UE that includes the subject of Example 29, wherein the fallback timer has a fallback time value associated therewith, and wherein the fallback timer expires when a time equal to the fallback time value has elapsed.

[0170] Example 31 is a UE that includes the subject matter of Examples 29 to 30, including or omitting elements, wherein, when the first transmission is transmitted via a random access channel (RACH) procedure, the one or more processors are configured to determine the back-off time value based on an acquired back-off indicator within a random access response (RAR) associated with the RACH and pre-configured dedicated back-off parameters.

[0171] Example 32 is a UE that includes the subject matter of Examples 29 to 31, including or omitting elements, wherein the dedicated fallback parameters are configured for each dedicated radio bearer (DRB), each recovery reason, each priority, and each access identity associated with data transmission.

[0172] Example 33 is a UE that includes the subject matter of Examples 29 to 32, including or omitting elements, wherein one or more processors are configured to determine that the first transmission was unsuccessful based on the fallback indicator indicated as part of the RAR associated with the RACH.

[0173] Example 34 is a UE that includes the subject matter of Examples 29 to 33, including or omitting elements, wherein when the first transmission is transmitted using a pre-configured grant, if no ACK feedback signal is received from the base station during a predefined feedback window after the first transmission, it is determined that the first transmission was unsuccessful.

[0174] Example 35 is a UE that includes the subject matter of Examples 29 to 34, including or omitting elements, wherein, when the first transmission is transmitted using the pre-configured grant, the one or more processors are configured to determine the backoff timer value based on a backoff value obtained from a common channel during the predefined feedback window.

[0175] Example 36 is a UE that includes the subject matter of Examples 29 to 35, including or omitting elements, wherein, when the first transmission is transmitted using the pre-configured grant, the one or more processors are configured to determine the backoff timer value based on the acquired backoff value and a dedicated backoff factor configured for each access class, recovery reason, access identity, priority, or dedicated radio bearer (DRB).

[0176] Example 37 is a UE that includes the subject matter of Examples 29 to 36, including or omitting elements, wherein, when the first transmission is transmitted using the pre-configured grant, the one or more processors are configured to determine the backoff timer value based on a predefined backoff value configured for each access class, recovery reason, access identity, priority, or dedicated radio bearer (DRB).

[0177] Example 38 is a UE that includes the subject matter of Examples 29 to 37, including or omitting elements, wherein one or more processors are configured to perform one or more retransmissions of the first transmission in the inactive state of the UE after the backoff timer expires, until the UE receives an indication that the previous retransmission was successful or until the maximum number of retransmissions is reached, wherein when the maximum number of retransmissions is reached and the corresponding retransmission is unsuccessful, the one or more processors mark the first transmission as failed.

[0178] Example 39 is a UE that includes the subject matter of Examples 29 to 38, including or omitting elements, wherein when the first transmission is identified as a failure, the one or more processors are configured to transition the UE from the inactive state to the connected state.

[0179] Example 40 is a UE that includes the subject matter of Examples 29 to 39, including or omitting elements, wherein when the first transmission is identified as a failure, the one or more processors are configured to start a second backoff timer with a predefined second backoff timer value and perform the next retransmission of the first transmission when the second backoff timer expires.

[0180] Example 41 is a UE that includes the subject matter of Examples 29 to 40, including or omitting elements, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to process a stop indication signal received from the base station in response to providing one or more direct transmissions including the first transmission to the base station, wherein the stop indication signal instructs the UE to start a stop timer having an associated stop time value during which any direct transmission from the inactive UE to the base station will be stopped; start the stop timer; and stop any direct transmission from the inactive UE to the base station until the stop timer expires.

[0181] Example 42 is a UE that includes the subject matter of Examples 29 to 41, including or omitting elements, wherein, prior to providing the first transmission to the base station, the one or more processors are further configured to process a service configuration signal received from the base station, wherein the service configuration signal includes an indication of one or more service configurations associated with data transmissions permitted to be transmitted by the UE during the inactive state of the UE; and based thereon generate the direct transmission signal including the first transmission.

[0182] Example 43 is a UE that includes the subject matter of Examples 29 to 42, including or omitting elements, wherein the first transmission includes a first Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (PDU) of the direct transmission signal, and wherein the first MAC PDU includes access control information, the access control information including one or more access control parameters associated with the direct transmission signal to facilitate access control at the base station.

[0183] Example 44 is a method for a user equipment (UE) comprising: during an inactive state of the UE, providing a first transmission associated with a direct transmission signal to a base station using one or more processors; in response to providing the first transmission, monitoring one or more indicator signals received from the base station using the one or more processors to determine whether the first transmission was successful; when it is determined that the first transmission was unsuccessful, starting a backoff timer with an associated backoff time value using the one or more processors; and delaying any retransmission of the first transmission during the inactive state of the UE using the one or more processors until the backoff timer expires.

[0184] Example 45 is a method that includes the subject matter of Example 44, wherein the rollback timer has a rollback time value associated therewith, and wherein the rollback timer expires when a time equal to the rollback time value has elapsed.

[0185] Example 46 is a method that includes the subject matter of Examples 44 to 45, including or omitting elements, wherein, when the first transmission is transmitted via a random access channel (RACH) procedure, the one or more processors are configured to determine the back-off time value based on an acquired back-off indicator within a random access response (RAR) associated with the RACH and pre-configured dedicated back-off parameters.

[0186] Example 47 is a method that includes the subject matter of Examples 44 to 46, including or omitting elements, wherein the dedicated fallback parameters are configured for each dedicated radio bearer (DRB), each recovery reason, each priority, and each access identity associated with data transmission.

[0187] Example 48 is a method that includes the subject matter of Examples 44 to 47, including or omitting elements, wherein one or more processors are configured to determine that the first transmission was unsuccessful based on the fallback indicator indicated as part of the RAR associated with the RACH.

[0188] Example 49 is a method that includes the subject matter of Examples 44 to 48, including or omitting elements, wherein, when the first transmission is transmitted using a pre-configured authorization, if no ACK feedback signal is received from the base station during a predefined feedback window following the first transmission, it is determined that the first transmission was unsuccessful.

[0189] Example 50 is a method that includes the subject matter of Examples 44 to 49, including or omitting elements, wherein, when the first transmission is transmitted using the pre-configured authorization, the one or more processors are configured to determine the backoff timer value based on a backoff value obtained from a common channel during the predefined feedback window.

[0190] Example 51 is a method that includes the subject matter of Examples 44 to 50, including or omitting elements, wherein, when the first transmission is transmitted using the pre-configured authorization, the one or more processors are configured to determine the backoff timer value based on the acquired backoff value and a dedicated backoff factor configured for each access class, recovery reason, access identity, priority, or dedicated radio bearer (DRB).

[0191] Example 52 is a method that includes the subject matter of Examples 44 to 51, including or omitting elements, wherein, when the first transmission is transmitted using the pre-configured authorization, the one or more processors are configured to determine the backoff timer value based on a predefined backoff value configured for each access class, recovery reason, access identity, priority, or private radio bearer (DRB).

[0192] Example 53 is a method that includes the subject matter of Examples 44 to 52, including or omitting elements, and further includes performing one or more retransmissions of the first transmission in the inactive state of the UE after the backoff timer expires, until the UE receives an indication of a previous successful retransmission or until a maximum number of retransmissions is reached, wherein when the maximum number of retransmissions is reached and the corresponding retransmission is unsuccessful, the one or more processors mark the first transmission as failed.

[0193] Example 54 is a method that includes the subject matter of Examples 44 to 53, including or omitting elements, and further includes using the one or more processors to transition the UE from the inactive state to the connected state when the first transmission is identified as a failure.

[0194] Example 55 is a method that includes the subject matter of Examples 44 to 54, including or omitting elements, and further includes starting a second backoff timer with a predefined second backoff timer value when the first transmission is identified as a failure, and performing a next retransmission of the first transmission when the second backoff timer expires.

[0195] Example 56 is a method that includes the subject matter of Examples 44 to 55, including or omitting elements, and further includes processing a stop indication signal received from the base station in response to providing one or more direct transmissions including the first transmission to the base station, wherein the stop indication signal instructs the UE to start a stop timer having an associated stop time value during which any direct transmission from the UE in the inactive state to the base station will be stopped; starting the stop timer; and stopping any direct transmission from the UE in the inactive state to the base station until the stop timer expires.

[0196] Example 57 is a method that includes the subject matter of Examples 44 to 56, including or omitting elements, and further includes using the one or more processors to process a service configuration signal received from the base station, wherein the service configuration signal includes an indication of one or more service configurations associated with data transmission permitted by the UE during the inactivity state of the UE; and using the one or more processors to generate, based thereon, the direct transmission signal including the first transmission before providing the first transmission to the base station.

[0197] Example 58 is a method that includes the subject matter of Examples 44 to 57, including or omitting elements, wherein the first transmission includes a first Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (PDU) of the direct transmission signal, and wherein the first MAC PDU includes access control information, the access control information including one or more access control parameters associated with the direct transmission signal to facilitate access control at the base station.

[0198] Example 59 is an apparatus configured for use in a base station, comprising one or more processors configured to generate a service configuration signal to be provided to an associated UE, wherein the service configuration signal includes an indication of one or more service configurations associated with data transmission permitted by the UE during the UE's inactive state; and to provide the service configuration signal to the UE.

[0199] Example 60 is an apparatus that includes the subject matter of Example 59, wherein the one or more service configurations within the service configuration signal include one or more of the following indications: an indication of whether a Dedicated Radio Bearer (DRB) is allowed to be transmitted in the inactive state, an indication of whether Radio Resource Control (RRC) / Non-Access Stratum (NAS) is allowed to be transmitted in the inactive state, an indication of whether paging-triggered direct transmission is allowed in the inactive state, an indication of which access classes and access identities are allowed to be transmitted in the inactive state, and an indication of the recovery reason allowed to be transmitted in the inactive state.

[0200] Example 61 is an apparatus that includes the subject matter of Examples 59 to 60, including or omitting elements, wherein one or more processors are further configured to process direct transmission of UL data received from the UE during the inactivity state of the UE, wherein one or more service configurations associated with the direct transmission include service configurations configured as part of the service configuration signal.

[0201] Example 62 is an apparatus that includes the subject matter of Examples 59 to 61, including or omitting elements, wherein the direct transmission of the UL data received from the UE in the inactive state is part of a random access channel (RACH) procedure.

[0202] Example 63 is an apparatus that includes the subject matter of Examples 59 to 62, including or omitting elements, wherein the direct transmission of the UL data is received from the UE in the inactive state with pre-configured authorization.

[0203] Example 64 is an apparatus that includes the subject matter of Examples 59 to 63, including or omitting elements, wherein the service configuration signal includes a dedicated signal to the UE.

[0204] Example 65 is an apparatus that includes the subject matter of Examples 59 to 64, including or omitting elements, wherein the service configuration signal includes a broadcast signal.

[0205] Example 66 is a method for a base station, comprising: generating a service configuration signal to be provided to a UE associated therewith using one or more processors, wherein the service configuration signal includes an indication of one or more service configurations associated with data transmission permitted by the UE during an inactive state of the UE; and providing the service configuration signal to the UE using the one or more processors.

[0206] Example 67 is a method that includes the subject matter of Example 66, wherein the one or more service configurations within the service configuration signal include one or more of the following indications: an indication of whether a Dedicated Radio Bearer (DRB) is allowed to be transmitted in the inactive state, an indication of whether Radio Resource Control (RRC) / Non-Access Stratum (NAS) is allowed to be transmitted in the inactive state, an indication of whether paging-triggered direct transmission is allowed in the inactive state, an indication of which access classes and access identities are allowed to be transmitted in the inactive state, and an indication of the recovery reason allowed to be transmitted in the inactive state.

[0207] Example 68 is a method that includes the subject matter of Examples 66 to 67, including or omitting elements, and further includes using the one or more processors to process the direct transmission of the UL data received from the UE during the inactivity state of the UE, wherein one or more service configurations associated with the direct transmission include service configurations configured as part of the service configuration signal.

[0208] Example 69 is a method that includes the subject matter of Examples 66 to 68, including or omitting elements, wherein the direct transmission of the UL data received from the UE in the inactive state is part of a random access channel (RACH) procedure.

[0209] Example 70 is a method that includes the subject matter of Examples 66 to 69, including or omitting elements, wherein the direct transmission of the UL data is received from the UE in the inactive state with pre-configured authorization.

[0210] Example 71 is a method that includes the subject matter of Examples 66 to 70, including or omitting elements, wherein the service configuration signal includes a dedicated signal to the UE.

[0211] Example 72 is a method that includes the subject matter of Examples 66 to 71, with or without elements, wherein the service configuration signal includes a broadcast signal.

[0212] Example 73 is a base station including one or more processors configured to receive, during an inactive state of a user equipment (UE), a first transmission associated with a direct transmission signal, wherein the first transmission includes a first Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (PDU) of the direct transmission signal, and wherein the first MAC PDU includes access control information including one or more access control parameters associated with the direct transmission signal; process the first transmission associated with the direct transmission signal; and control subsequent direct transmissions from the UE during the inactive state of the UE based on the access control information or network conditions or both within the first transmission.

[0213] Example 74 is a base station that includes the subject of Example 73, wherein the access control information is included in the access control (AC) MAC control element (CE) within the first MAC PDU.

[0214] Example 75 is a base station that includes the subject matter of Examples 73 to 74, including or omitting elements, wherein the access control information includes at least one of a recovery reason and a priority.

[0215] Example 76 is a base station that includes the subject matter of Examples 73 to 75, including or omitting elements, wherein one or more processors are configured to, in response to processing of the first transmission, based on the access control information or network conditions within the first transmission or both, not provide an AC feedback signal to the UE during a predefined access control (AC) feedback time window, so as to reject subsequent data transmission from the UE in the inactive state of the UE.

[0216] Example 77 is a base station that includes the subject matter of Examples 73 to 76, including or omitting elements, wherein one or more processors are configured to selectively provide the UE with a delay indication signal including a delay timer value based on the access control information or network conditions or both within the first transmission, wherein the delay indication signal indicates to the UE that subsequent direct transmissions from the UE to the base station in the inactive state will be delayed by the delay timer value.

[0217] Example 78 is a base station that includes the subject matter of Examples 73 to 77, including or omitting elements, wherein one or more processors are configured to selectively provide a backoff indication signal to the UE based on the access control information or network conditions or both within the first transmission, wherein the backoff indication signal instructs the UE to back off to a legacy recovery procedure in order to transition the UE from the inactive state to a connected state.

[0218] Example 79 is a base station that includes the subject matter of Examples 73 to 78, including or omitting elements, wherein one or more processors are configured to selectively provide a Radio Resource Control (RRC) recovery / setting signal to the UE based on the access control information or network conditions or both within the first transmission, wherein the RRC recovery / setting signal indicates that the UE transitions from the inactive state to the connected state.

[0219] Example 80 is a base station that includes the subject matter of Examples 73 to 79, including or omitting elements, wherein one or more processors are configured to provide a service configuration signal to the UE during the UE's inactivity state before receiving the first transmission associated with the direct transmission signal from the UE, wherein the service configuration signal includes an indication of one or more service configurations associated with data transmissions permitted by the UE during the UE's inactivity state.

[0220] Example 81 is an apparatus configured for use in a base station, comprising one or more processors configured to receive, during an inactive state of a user equipment (UE), a first transmission associated with a direct transmission signal, wherein the first transmission includes a first Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (PDU) of the direct transmission signal, and wherein the first MAC PDU includes access control information including one or more access control parameters associated with the direct transmission signal; process the first transmission associated with the direct transmission signal; and control subsequent direct transmissions from the UE during the inactive state of the UE based on the access control information or network conditions or both within the first transmission.

[0221] Example 82 is an apparatus that includes the subject matter of Example 81, wherein the access control information is included in the access control (AC) MAC control element (CE) within the first MAC PDU.

[0222] Example 83 is an apparatus that includes the subject matter of Examples 81 to 82, including or omitting elements, wherein the access control information includes at least one of a recovery reason and a priority.

[0223] Example 84 is an apparatus that includes the subject matter of Examples 81 to 83, including or omitting elements, wherein one or more processors are configured to, in response to processing of the first transmission, based on the access control information or network conditions within the first transmission or both, not provide an AC feedback signal to the UE during a predefined access control (AC) feedback time window, so as to reject subsequent data transmission from the UE in the inactive state of the UE.

[0224] Example 85 is an apparatus that includes the subject matter of Examples 81 to 84, including or omitting elements, wherein one or more processors are configured to selectively provide the UE with a delay indication signal including a delay timer value based on the access control information or network conditions or both within the first transmission, wherein the delay indication signal instructs the UE to delay subsequent direct transmissions from the UE in the inactive state to the base station by the delay timer value.

[0225] Example 86 is an apparatus that includes the subject matter of Examples 81 to 85, including or omitting elements, wherein one or more processors are configured to selectively provide a fallback indication signal to the UE based on the access control information or network conditions or both within the first transmission, wherein the fallback indication signal instructs the UE to fall back to a conventional recovery procedure in order to transition the UE from the inactive state to the connected state.

[0226] Example 87 is an apparatus that includes the subject matter of Examples 81 to 86, including or omitting elements, wherein one or more processors are configured to selectively provide a Radio Resource Control (RRC) recovery / setting signal to the UE based on the access control information or network conditions or both within the first transmission, wherein the RRC recovery / setting signal indicates that the UE transitions from the inactive state to the connected state.

[0227] Example 88 is an apparatus that includes the subject matter of Examples 81 to 87, including or omitting elements, wherein one or more processors are configured to provide a service configuration signal to the UE during the inactivity state of the UE before receiving the first transmission associated with the direct transmission signal from the UE, wherein the service configuration signal includes an indication of one or more service configurations associated with data transmissions permitted by the UE during the inactivity state of the UE.

[0228] Example 89 is a base station including one or more processors configured to process one or more direct transmissions associated with direct transmission signals from a user equipment (UE), determine, based on network conditions, whether subsequent direct transmissions from the UE in the inactive state are permitted; and when it is determined that subsequent direct transmissions from the UE in the inactive state are not permitted, provide a stop indication signal to the UE, wherein the stop indication signal instructs the UE to start a stop timer with an associated stop time value during which any direct transmissions from the UE in the inactive state to the base station will be stopped.

[0229] Example 90 is a base station that includes the subject of Example 89, wherein when a first transmission of the direct transmission signal cannot be successfully processed at the base station, the one or more processors are configured to provide the UE with an indication that the first transmission was unsuccessful.

[0230] Example 91 is a base station that includes the subject matter of Examples 89 to 90, including or omitting elements, wherein, when the first transmission is performed via a random access channel (RACH), the one or more processors are configured to provide the UE with an indication that the first transmission was unsuccessful based on a fallback indicator (BI) within an associated random access response (RAR) message.

[0231] Example 92 is a base station that includes the subject matter of Examples 89 to 91, including or omitting elements, wherein the first transmission of the direct transmission signal includes a first Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (PDU) of the direct transmission signal, and wherein the first MAC PDU includes access control information, the access control information including one or more access control parameters associated with the direct transmission signal.

[0232] Example 93 is a base station that includes the subject matter of Examples 89 to 92, including or omitting elements, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to provide a service configuration signal to the UE before processing the one or more direct transmissions associated with the direct transmission signal from the UE, wherein the service configuration signal includes one or more service configurations associated with data transmissions permitted to be transmitted by the UE during the inactive state of the UE.

[0233] Example 94 is a method for a base station, comprising: using one or more processors to process one or more direct transmissions associated with direct transmission signals from the user equipment (UE) during an inactive state; using the one or more processors to determine, based on network conditions, whether subsequent direct transmissions from the UE in the inactive state are permitted; and when it is determined that subsequent direct transmissions from the UE in the inactive state are not permitted, using the one or more processors to provide a stop indication signal to the UE, wherein the stop indication signal instructs the UE to initiate a stop timer having an associated stop time value during which any direct transmissions from the UE in the inactive state to the base station will be stopped.

[0234] Example 95 is a method that includes the subject matter of Example 94, and further includes providing the UE with an indication that the first transmission was unsuccessful when the first transmission of the direct transmission signal cannot be successfully processed at the base station.

[0235] Example 96 is a method that includes the subject matter of Examples 94 to 95, including or omitting elements, wherein, when the first transmission is performed via a random access channel (RACH), the one or more processors are configured to provide the UE with an indication that the first transmission was unsuccessful based on a fallback indicator (BI) within a random access response (RAR) message associated therewith.

[0236] Example 97 is a method that includes the subject matter of Examples 94 to 96, including or omitting elements, wherein the first transmission of the direct transmission signal includes a first Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (PDU) of the direct transmission signal, and wherein the first MAC PDU includes access control information, the access control information including one or more access control parameters associated with the direct transmission signal.

[0237] Example 98 is a method that includes the subject matter of Examples 94 to 97, including or omitting elements, and further includes providing a service configuration signal to the UE before processing the one or more direct transmissions associated with the direct transmission signal from the UE, wherein the service configuration signal includes one or more service configurations associated with data transmissions permitted by the UE during the UE's inactive state.

[0238] While the invention has been shown and described with respect to one or more specific embodiments, changes and / or modifications may be made to the illustrated examples without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims. In particular, with respect to the various functions performed by the foregoing components or structures (components, devices, circuits, systems, etc.), unless otherwise stated, the terminology used to describe such components (including references to “means”) is intended to correspond to any component or structure that performs the specified function of the said component (e.g., functionally equivalent), even if it is not structurally equivalent to the disclosed structure that performs the functions in the exemplary embodiments of the invention shown herein.

[0239] The above description of exemplary aspects of the subject matter of this disclosure, including those described in the specification summary, is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosed aspects to their precise forms. While specific aspects and embodiments have been described herein for illustrative purposes, various modifications may be contemplated within the scope of such aspects and embodiments, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A baseband (BB) processor for a user equipment (UE), the BB processor configured to perform operations when executing instructions stored in memory, the operations comprising: receiving, from a base station, a service configuration signal including an indication of one or more resume reasons that allow transmission of data by the UE in an inactive state of the UE; determining that a resume reason associated with uplink (UL) data is included in the one or more resume reasons that allow transmission of data by the UE in the inactive state of the UE; in response to the determining, providing, to the base station, one or more access control parameters associated with a direct transmission signal, the one or more access control parameters used by the base station to control subsequent direct transmissions from the UE in the inactive state of the UE, wherein the one or more access control parameters include the resume reason associated with the UL data; receiving, from the base station, a delay indication signal including a delay timer value; delaying, in the inactive state, the subsequent direct transmissions by the delay timer value; and initiating a random access channel (RACH) procedure to provide the direct transmission signal as one of the subsequent direct transmissions to the base station in the inactive state, wherein the direct transmission signal includes the UL data.

2. The BB processor of claim 1, wherein the service configuration signal further includes an indication of whether direct transmissions for paging triggers are allowed during the inactive state of the UE.

3. The BB processor of claim 1, wherein the service configuration signal further includes an indication of whether radio resource control (RRC) / non-access stratum (NAS) transmissions are allowed during the inactive state of the UE.

4. The BB processor of claim 1, wherein the service configuration signal is received from the base station via dedicated signaling.

5. A baseband (BB) processor for a base station, the BB processor configured to perform operations when executing instructions stored in memory, performing the operations comprising: receiving, from a user equipment (UE) in an inactive state, one or more access control parameters associated with a direct transmission signal, wherein the one or more access control parameters include a resume reason; and providing, to the UE based on the one or more access control parameters and network conditions, a delay indication signal including a delay timer value for delaying subsequent direct transmissions from the UE in the inactive state; after expiration of the delay timer value, receiving, from the UE in the inactive state, the direct transmission signal as one of the subsequent direct transmissions.

6. The BB processor of claim 5, wherein the one or more access control parameters are included in an access control (AC) medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) within a MAC protocol data unit (PDU). ​ 7. The BB processor of claim 5, wherein the operations further comprise providing one or more access control parameters to the UE to allow or reject the subsequent direct transmissions based on the one or more access control parameters.

8. The BB processor of claim 5, wherein the operations further comprise providing a fallback indication signal to the UE based on network conditions in response to receiving the direct transmission signal, wherein the fallback indication signal indicates to the UE to fallback to a legacy recovery procedure to transition the UE from the inactive state to a connected state in order to perform a subsequent data transmission.

9. The BB processor of claim 5, wherein the operations further comprise providing a radio resource control (RRC) resume / setup signal to the UE in response to receiving the direct transmission signal, wherein the RRC resume / setup signal indicates to the UE to transition from the inactive state to a connected state in order to perform a subsequent data transmission.

10. The BB processor of claim 5, wherein the operations further comprise: providing a service configuration signal to the UE prior to receiving the direct transmission signal, wherein the service configuration signal comprises an indication of one or more service configurations associated with allowing data transmissions by the UE during the inactive state of the UE; and receiving the direct transmission signal based thereon.

11. A method for a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: receiving a service configuration signal from a base station, the service configuration signal comprising an indication of one or more resume causes that allow data to be transmitted by the UE in an inactive state of the UE; determining that a resume cause associated with uplink (UL) data is included in the one or more resume causes that allow data to be transmitted by the UE in the inactive state of the UE; in response to the determination, providing one or more access control parameters associated with a direct transmission signal to the base station, the one or more access control parameters used by the base station to control subsequent direct transmissions from the UE in the inactive state of the UE, wherein the one or more access control parameters include the resume cause associated with the UL data; receiving a delay indication signal from the base station comprising a delay timer value; delaying the subsequent direct transmissions by the delay timer value in the inactive state; and initiating a random access channel (RACH) procedure to provide the direct transmission signal as one of the subsequent direct transmissions to the base station in the inactive state, wherein the direct transmission signal comprises the UL data.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the service configuration signal further comprises an indication of whether direct transmissions for paging triggers are allowed during the inactive state of the UE.

13. The method of claim 11, the method further comprising: monitoring one or more indicator signals in order to determine whether a transmission of the UL data is successful; in response to determining that the transmission of the UL data is unsuccessful, starting a back-off timer, the back-off timer having a back-off time value; and delaying any retransmission of the UL data until the back-off timer expires.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein the service configuration signal further comprises an indication of whether radio resource control (RRC) / non-access stratum (NAS) transmissions are allowed during the inactive state of the UE.

15. The method of claim 13, the method further comprising: determining the back-off time value based on a back-off indicator within a random access response (RAR) associated with the RACH procedure and a dedicated back-off parameter.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the dedicated back-off parameter is configured for each recovery cause.

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