Ultrafast time-resolved measurement method and system

Abstract

The application provides a kind of ultrafast time resolution measurement method and system, the system includes four components of supercontinuum white light laser generation, chirp control, multispectral collaborative imaging detection and data fusion processing;Supercontinuum white light laser generation component converts ultra-short pulse laser into supercontinuum white light laser, chirp control component divides supercontinuum white light laser into multiple wavebands of supercontinuum white light laser with time interval, multispectral collaborative imaging detection component is based on multiple wavebands of supercontinuum white light laser and is imaged to the object to be measured for spectroscopy, obtains the image of the object to be measured corresponding to each spectral component, data fusion processing component is based on multiple wavebands of supercontinuum white light laser and the image of the object to be measured corresponding to each spectral component, obtains the dynamic evolution imaging of the transient process of the object to be measured.The application realizes the dynamic evolution imaging of transient process ultrafast time resolution, and the imaging quality is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ultrafast laser technology, and in particular to an ultrafast time-resolved measurement method and system. Background Technology

[0002] Ultrafast phenomena refer to rapidly changing physical, chemical, or biological processes occurring in microscopic systems of matter. These processes are short in duration and change rapidly, on the order of femtoseconds (10⁻⁶). -15 s), observation of this process is crucial.

[0003] Traditional femtosecond-level detection techniques cannot achieve continuous detection. Femtosecond laser-pumped detection technology is a detection technique with femtosecond-level time resolution. In order to completely record the entire change process of the detected object, it is necessary to take multiple images by changing the time delay between the probe light and the pump light. Finally, the images taken in multiple times are stitched together in chronological order to reconstruct the dynamic and continuous change process of the detected object.

[0004] Since only one image can be captured at a time, multiple captures are required to achieve continuous imaging and detection of the entire ultrafast process. From the perspective of consistency of multiple detections, the ultrafast process being detected needs to have high stability within the detection time. Therefore, this method has a large error and poor image quality when performing continuous imaging detection. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an ultrafast time-resolved measurement method and system to address the shortcomings of existing technologies in continuous imaging and detection of ultrafast processes, which suffer from large errors, and to achieve ultrafast continuous imaging and detection of transient processes.

[0006] This invention provides an ultrafast time-resolved measurement system, comprising:

[0007] Supercontinuous white light laser generation component, chirp control component, multispectral collaborative imaging and detection component, and data fusion processing component;

[0008] Among them, the supercontinuous white light laser generating component is connected to the chirp control component, and the supercontinuous white light laser generating component is used to convert ultrashort pulse laser into supercontinuous white light laser;

[0009] The chirp control component is also connected to the multispectral collaborative imaging detection component and the data fusion processing component, respectively. The chirp control component is used to divide the supercontinuous white light laser into multiple bands of supercontinuous white light laser with time intervals.

[0010] The multispectral co-imaging detection component is also connected to the data fusion processing component. The multispectral co-imaging detection component is used to image the object to be measured based on supercontinuum white light lasers in multiple bands, and obtain images of the object to be measured corresponding to multiple spectral components.

[0011] The data fusion processing component is used to obtain dynamic evolution imaging of the transient process of the object under test based on supercontinuous white laser light with multiple bands having time intervals and images of the object under test corresponding to each of the spectral components.

[0012] The ultrafast time-resolved measurement system provided by this invention includes a supercontinuum white light laser generation component comprising:

[0013] Beam focusing module, supercontinuum white light laser generating medium, and beam collimation module;

[0014] Among them, the beam focusing module is used to focus the ultrashort pulse laser and input the focused laser into the supercontinuous white light laser generating medium;

[0015] Supercontinuum white laser generating medium is used to convert focused laser light into supercontinuum white laser light with a wide spectral range;

[0016] The beam collimation module is used to collimate supercontinuum white laser light with a wide spectral range.

[0017] The ultrafast time-resolved measurement system provided by this invention includes a multispectral cooperative imaging detection component comprising:

[0018] Gratings, bar detector arrays;

[0019] The grating is used to split the supercontinuum white laser light of the multiple bands to obtain a beam with multiple spectral components.

[0020] The bar detector array is used to filter the beams of each spectral component and image the object to be measured based on the beams of different spectral components, thereby obtaining an image of the object to be measured corresponding to each spectral component.

[0021] The ultrafast time-resolved measurement system and multispectral cooperative imaging detection component provided by this invention include:

[0022] The bar detector array includes a bar microlens array and a bar detector. The bar microlens array includes the same number of microlenses as each spectral component. Each microlens is equipped with a bandpass filter corresponding to its respective spectral component. The bandpass filter is used to filter the beam of each spectral component.

[0023] The ultrafast time-resolved measurement system provided by this invention allows for variable time intervals corresponding to different dynamic evolution imaging processes.

[0024] The ultrafast time-resolved measurement system provided by this invention has an ultrashort pulse laser with a power greater than the self-focusing threshold power of a supercontinuous white light laser in the supercontinuous white light laser generating medium.

[0025] The self-focusing threshold power satisfies the following formula:

[0026]

[0027] Where, p cr λ represents the self-focusing threshold power, λ0 is the wavelength of the ultrashort pulse laser, n0 is the refractive index of the ultrashort pulse laser in the supercontinuous white laser generation medium without considering nonlinear effects, and n2 is the nonlinear refractive index coefficient of the ultrashort pulse laser in the supercontinuous white laser generation medium.

[0028] The ultrafast time-resolved measurement system provided by this invention includes a beam focusing module comprising a beam focusing lens, wherein the focal length f of the beam focusing lens and the diameter D of the ultrashort pulse laser satisfy the following formula:

[0029] f / D>a;

[0030] The value of 'a' is related to the type of medium that generates supercontinuum white light laser.

[0031] The present invention also provides an ultrafast time-resolved measurement method, comprising:

[0032] Converting ultrashort pulse lasers into supercontinuous white light lasers;

[0033] Supercontinuous white light laser is divided into multiple bands with time intervals.

[0034] The supercontinuum white light laser with multiple wavelengths is used to image the object to be measured, and the image of the object to be measured corresponding to each spectral component is obtained.

[0035] Based on supercontinuous white laser light with multiple bands having time intervals, and images of the object to be measured corresponding to each spectral component, dynamic evolution imaging of the transient process of the object to be measured is obtained.

[0036] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement any ultrafast time-resolved measurement method.

[0037] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements any ultrafast time-resolved measurement method.

[0038] The present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements any ultrafast time-resolved measurement method.

[0039] This invention provides an ultrafast time-resolved measurement method and system. The system mainly consists of a supercontinuum white light laser generation component, a chirp control component, a multispectral cooperative imaging detection component, and a data fusion processing component. The system converts incident ultrashort pulse laser light into supercontinuum white light laser light through the supercontinuum white light laser generation component. Then, the chirp control component divides the supercontinuum white light laser light into multiple bands with time intervals. The multispectral cooperative imaging detection component performs spectral dispersion and imaging on the object to be measured based on the multiple bands of supercontinuum white light laser light, obtaining images of the object to be measured corresponding to each spectral component. Finally, the data fusion processing component obtains dynamic evolution imaging of the transient process of the object to be measured based on the multiple bands of supercontinuum white light laser light with time intervals and the images of the object to be measured corresponding to each spectral component. Since the ultracontinuous white light laser generated by the ultrashort pulse laser through the ultracontinuous white light laser generation component is a beam with a wide spectral range and controllable intensity, combined with the chirp control component, the time interval between multiple subdivided bands of different spectral components can be adjusted. Furthermore, the multispectral collaborative imaging detection component images the transient process of the measured object between different spectral components based on the white light laser with controllable time intervals in each band. This ensures the consistency of imaging between different spectral components, thereby realizing the dynamic evolution imaging of the transient process at ultrafast time resolution, and improving the detection and imaging quality. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ultrafast time-resolved measurement system provided by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the ultrafast time-resolved measurement method provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the supercontinuum white light laser generating component;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the supercontinuum white laser generation process;

[0045] Figure 5 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the principle of a multispectral collaborative imaging detection component;

[0046] Figure 6 This is the second schematic diagram of the structure of the multispectral collaborative imaging detection component;

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the chirp control component;

[0048] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0050] First, some of the terms and application scenarios involved in the embodiments of the present invention will be introduced.

[0051] In this embodiment of the invention, the so-called ultrafast process refers to a physical, chemical, or biological process that occurs within a duration of less than one millionth of a second, such as the time evolution dynamics of condensed matter, plant photosynthesis, the timescale of fluorescence emission from biological materials, the carrier lifetime of semiconductor materials, and the timescale of atomic and molecular system motion, etc., whose timescale is generally in the picosecond (10^6) timescale. -12 seconds), femtosecond (10) -15 (seconds) or even attoseconds (10) -18 (seconds) level.

[0052] Ultrashort pulse lasers refer to laser beams whose pulse duration (i.e., pulse width) is equivalent to or shorter than the time of rapid changes in a microscopic system; these are commonly referred to as picosecond, femtosecond, or attosecond pulse lasers. Ultrashort pulse lasers can be used to detect transient phenomena because of their extremely short duration, similar to a high-speed camera capturing a rapidly changing process. A high-speed camera can break down a rapidly changing process into multiple individual actions. We can think of a laser pulse as a flash; when a laser pulse shines, it's equivalent to a flash exposure, recording a photograph. By continuously playing back these photographs, the dynamic changes can be displayed. The pulse width determines the exposure time, allowing ultrashort pulse lasers to observe the movement of atoms, molecules, and even electrons within matter. Ultrashort pulse lasers are important tools for studying and detecting transient phenomena in microscopic systems; currently, femtosecond and picosecond lasers are the most mature and widely used.

[0053] Ultrashort pulse lasers, such as femtosecond lasers, have small pulse widths and high peak power. They produce many nonlinear effects in transparent media, which greatly broaden their spectrum and form supercontinuum white light lasers with good directionality and coherence. This white light spectrum can cover the visible and near-infrared bands.

[0054] The chirp effect occurs when different parts of a pulse envelope have different instantaneous frequencies. There are many causes of the chirp effect. For ultrashort pulses, especially femtosecond pulses, although each pulse has low energy, its pulse width is very narrow, resulting in a very high peak power. This extremely high peak power causes a series of nonlinear effects in the medium, such as self-phase modulation and self-focusing. These nonlinear effects can significantly alter the refractive index of the medium.

[0055] The following is combined Figures 1-7 The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following specific examples can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some examples.

[0056] This invention provides an ultrafast time-resolved measurement system. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system architecture provided in this embodiment includes:

[0057] The supercontinuous white light laser generating component 110, the chirp control component 120, the multispectral collaborative imaging and detection component 130, and the data fusion and processing component 140;

[0058] (1) A supercontinuous white light laser generating component 110 is connected to a chirp control component 120. The supercontinuous white light laser generating component 110 is used to convert an ultrashort pulse laser into a supercontinuous white light laser.

[0059] Specifically, the incident ultrashort pulse laser, such as a femtosecond laser, enters the supercontinuum white light laser generating component, for example, through a supercontinuum white light laser generating medium, converting the ultrashort pulse laser into a supercontinuum white light laser. Optionally, the supercontinuum white light laser generating medium is a transparent medium. When the laser power of the femtosecond laser is greater than the self-focusing threshold power of the medium, the femtosecond laser will generate a self-focusing plasma channel in the generating medium, and strong nonlinear effects such as self-phase modulation, four-wave mixing, and stimulated scattering will occur simultaneously, thereby generating a supercontinuum white light laser with a wide spectral range, for example, the wavelength covers the entire visible light region and even extends to the ultraviolet and infrared regions.

[0060] (2) The chirp control component 120 is connected to the multispectral collaborative imaging detection component 130 and the data fusion processing component 140 respectively. The chirp control component 120 is used to divide the supercontinuous white light laser into multiple bands of supercontinuous white light laser with time intervals.

[0061] Specifically, the supercontinuum white laser enters the chirp control component, which divides the input supercontinuum white laser into supercontinuum white lasers with multiple wavelengths. The time interval between each wavelength can be adjusted by the chirp control component, which can be a chirped glass or a pair of gratings. The time interval can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the chirped glass or by changing the relative distance between the gratings.

[0062] (3) The multispectral collaborative imaging detection component 130 is also connected to the data fusion processing component 140. The multispectral collaborative imaging detection component 130 is used to image the object to be measured based on supercontinuous white light laser with multiple bands to obtain images of the object to be measured corresponding to multiple spectral components.

[0063] Specifically, the supercontinuous white light laser with controllable time intervals across each band, obtained through the chirped control component, is incident on the multispectral collaborative imaging detection component. By splitting the spectrum, filtering beams of different spectral components, and detecting and imaging, information carried by different spectral components in subdivided bands can be acquired, separated, and imaged simultaneously. Each spectral component beam contains multiple sub-bands of the supercontinuous white light laser, and the bands can be selected according to actual needs, thereby obtaining imaging information of the object to be detected at different times corresponding to multiple spectral components.

[0064] (4) Data fusion processing component 140 is used to obtain dynamic evolution imaging of the transient process of the object to be measured based on supercontinuous white light laser with multiple bands having time intervals and the image of the object to be measured corresponding to each of the spectral components.

[0065] Specifically, the data fusion processing component is used to match the images of the supercontinuous white lasers of multiple bands obtained by the chirp control component with the images of the objects to be measured corresponding to different spectral components. That is, it matches the feature information of the objects to be measured at multiple different times with the imaging information corresponding to different spectral components of the transient process, and performs accurate calibration and processing in the time domain to realize the dynamic evolution imaging and detection of the transient process of the objects to be measured.

[0066] This invention provides an ultrafast time-resolved measurement system, which mainly consists of a supercontinuum white light laser generation component, a chirp control component, a multispectral cooperative imaging detection component, and a data fusion processing component. The system converts incident ultrashort pulse laser light into supercontinuum white light laser light through the generation component. Then, the chirp control component divides the supercontinuum white light laser light into multiple bands with time intervals. The multispectral cooperative imaging detection unit performs spectral dispersion and imaging on the target object based on the multiple bands of supercontinuum white light laser light, obtaining images of the target object corresponding to each spectral component. Finally, the data fusion processing component obtains dynamic evolution imaging of the transient process of the target object based on the multiple bands of supercontinuum white light laser light with time intervals and the images of the target object corresponding to each spectral component. Since the ultracontinuous white light laser generated by the ultrashort pulse laser through the ultracontinuous white light laser generation component is a beam with a wide spectral range and controllable intensity, combined with the chirp control component, the time interval between multiple subdivided bands of different spectral components can be adjusted. Furthermore, the multispectral collaborative imaging detection component images the transient process of the measured object between different spectral components based on the white light laser with controllable time intervals in each band. This ensures the consistency of imaging between different spectral components, thereby realizing the dynamic evolution imaging of the transient process at ultrafast time resolution, and improving the detection and imaging quality.

[0067] Optionally, a schematic diagram of the supercontinuous white light laser generating component 110 is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the component includes: a beam focusing module 1101, a supercontinuum white light laser generating medium 1102, and a beam collimation module 1103;

[0068] The beam focusing module 1101 is used to focus the ultrashort pulse laser and input the focused laser into the supercontinuous white light laser generating medium;

[0069] The supercontinuum white light laser generating medium 1102 is used to convert the focused laser into a supercontinuum white light laser with a wide spectral range.

[0070] The beam collimation module 1103 is used to collimate a supercontinuum white laser with a wide spectral range.

[0071] In a specific embodiment, an ultrashort pulse laser, such as a femtosecond laser, enters a beam focusing module, which, for example, an optical element lens, focuses the incident femtosecond laser and then inputs the focused femtosecond laser into a supercontinuum white light laser generating medium.

[0072] Furthermore, when the focused femtosecond laser is incident into the supercontinuum white laser generating medium, the femtosecond laser will generate a self-focusing plasma channel in the supercontinuum white laser generating medium, and at the same time, various nonlinear effects will occur, such as self-phase modulation, four-wave mixing and stimulated scattering, which can be converted into a supercontinuum white laser with a wide spectral range and controllable intensity.

[0073] Furthermore, the aforementioned supercontinuum white laser is converted into a collimated, easily transmitted, wide-spectrum, intensity-controllable supercontinuum white laser via a beam collimation mechanism.

[0074] A schematic diagram illustrating the specific process of supercontinuum white laser generation is shown below. Figure 4 As shown.

[0075] Optionally, the supercontinuum white light laser generating medium can be a solid, liquid, or gas, such as sapphire crystal, water, and rare gases. In specific embodiments, by selecting different supercontinuum white light laser generating media, using incident femtosecond lasers of different powers, and coordinating with appropriate beam focusing intensity, the intensity of the generated supercontinuum white light laser can be controlled. The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0076] First, the power of the input femtosecond laser must be greater than the self-focusing threshold power of the femtosecond laser in the white light generating medium. The formula is:

[0077]

[0078] Where, p cr λ represents the self-focusing threshold power, λ0 is the wavelength of the ultrashort pulse laser, n0 is the refractive index of the ultrashort pulse laser in the supercontinuous white light laser generating medium without considering nonlinear effects, and n2 is the nonlinear refractive index coefficient of the ultrashort pulse laser in the supercontinuous white light laser generating medium.

[0079] For example, if the medium for generating supercontinuum white laser light is a gas, such as air:

[0080] The power of the incident femtosecond laser must be greater than the self-focusing threshold power in air. Furthermore, the beam focusing module and beam collimation module are optical elements, such as lenses.

[0081] For a beam-focusing lens, the focal length f of the beam-focusing lens and the diameter D of the incident beam satisfy the following formula:

[0082] f / D>a

[0083] When the medium for generating supercontinuous white laser light is air, the value of a is 100. It can be understood that this ratio of 100 is a recommended value, obtained from experimental experience, rather than a limited value.

[0084] Optionally, the beam focusing lens is preferably coated with an antireflection film corresponding to the wavelength of the incident femtosecond laser, which can improve the transmittance of the induced laser through the lens.

[0085] For a beam collimating lens, the focal length f of the beam collimating lens and the diameter D of the incident beam satisfy the following formula:

[0086] f / D>a

[0087] The value of the ratio 'a' mentioned above is the same as that of the beam focusing lens; it can be understood that this ratio of 100 is a recommended value, derived from experimental experience, rather than a limiting value.

[0088] Optionally, the collimating lens can be made of a material with high broadband transmittance to achieve better collimation and generate supercontinuous white laser light.

[0089] For example, if the medium for generating supercontinuum white laser light is a liquid, such as water:

[0090] First, the power of the incident femtosecond laser must be greater than the self-focusing threshold power in water. For the beam focusing lens, the focal length f of the beam collimating lens and the diameter D of the incident beam satisfy the following formula:

[0091] f / D>10

[0092] The ratio of 10 is a recommended value, not a limiting value; this ratio is derived from experimental experience.

[0093] For example, if the medium for generating supercontinuum white light laser is a solid, such as a photonic crystal fiber:

[0094] At this point, the power of the incident femtosecond laser must be greater than the self-focusing threshold power in the photonic crystal fiber. The requirements for the beam focusing and beam collimation mechanisms are the same as in liquids, and will not be repeated here.

[0095] It should be noted that, since solids do not have fluidity, devices can be added to control the movement of the solid, such as translation stages or lifting stages, to change the position of the solid interacting with the laser spot in a timely manner and avoid damage to the solid material by the laser.

[0096] The incident ultrashort pulse laser is converted into a supercontinuous white light laser with a wide spectral range and controllable intensity by a supercontinuous white light laser generating component. Because the spectral range of white light is wider, it is easier for the chirp control component to adjust the time interval between each band and to detect and image the transient process of the object under test based on each band. Therefore, the dynamic imaging information of the transient process obtained based on the present invention is more accurate.

[0097] Optionally, a schematic diagram of the multispectral cooperative imaging detection component 130 is shown below. Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the component includes:

[0098] Gratings, bar detector arrays;

[0099] Among them, the grating is used to split the supercontinuum white laser light in multiple bands to obtain a beam with multiple spectral components;

[0100] The bar detector array is used to filter the beams of each spectral component and image the object to be measured based on the beams of different spectral components, thereby obtaining the image of the object to be measured corresponding to each spectral component.

[0101] In this embodiment of the invention, the multispectral collaborative imaging detection component includes a grating and a bar detector array. Multiple bands of supercontinuum white laser light are incident onto the grating. By designing the grating's scribe line density and beam splitting distance, the supercontinuum white laser light of multiple bands can be split to obtain beams with different spectral components. Furthermore, the bar detector array is used to filter the beams carrying feature information of the object to be measured and to image the object to be measured separately based on different spectral components, thereby obtaining imaging information of the object to be measured corresponding to each spectral component.

[0102] Optionally, the bar detector array includes a bar microlens array and a bar detector. The bar microlens array includes microlenses in the same number as each spectral component. Each microlens is provided with a bandpass filter corresponding to its respective spectral component. The bandpass filter is used to filter the beam of each spectral component.

[0103] Specifically, bandpass filters with different spectral components are designed on the strip microlens array to filter and image the supercontinuum white laser light across multiple wavelengths. Based on the lateral broadening of different spectral components after grating splitting, a strip microlens array with bandpass filters of different spectral components is designed. Each spectral component of the filtered supercontinuum white laser light is imaged onto the strip detector array, allowing for the acquisition of imaging information for each spectral component corresponding to the object under test. It is understandable that, because the duration of the object under test is on the ultrafast timescale, such as the femtosecond scale, the obtained information represents the transient process of the object under test corresponding to each spectral component.

[0104] The number of strip microlens arrays is related to the spectral width of the white light laser, the time interval between each band, the required detection time resolution, and the grating's ability to separate different spectral components. It can be specifically designed according to the specific time resolution. For example, for white light with a spectral width of 350nm to 2000nm, a filter band is set every 10nm, forming a 165-microlens array. By designing the grating's scribe line density and grating separation distance, each spectral component can be imaged onto the corresponding strip detector, achieving imaging information of the transient process of the object under test at 165 time points.

[0105] In this embodiment of the invention, the multispectral collaborative imaging detection component consists of a grating, a strip microlens array with a bandpass filter, and a strip detector. It can accurately separate the spectral components of supercontinuous white laser carrying transient process information and image the object to be measured based on different spectral components. It can ensure the consistency of imaging information between different spectral components and achieve high imaging quality.

[0106] Optionally, the ultrafast time-resolved measurement system provided in this embodiment of the invention allows for variable time intervals corresponding to different dynamic evolution imaging processes.

[0107] In this embodiment of the invention, the chirp control component uses chirped glass. The principle of adjusting the time interval using chirped glass is that lasers of different wavelengths have different transmission speeds in the same medium, so they are separated in time. Generally, in positive dispersion media, red light travels faster and violet light travels slower.

[0108] like Figure 7 As shown, the chirped glass is wedge-shaped, and the chirp control component consists of two chirped glasses. The double-headed arrows indicate the insertion depth of the two chirped glasses. Specifically, when a supercontinuum white laser is incident on the chirped glass, moving the two chirped glasses up and down causes the supercontinuum white laser to pass through different glass thicknesses. This separates the laser beams of different wavelengths in time, allowing for the precise division of multiple wavelengths of supercontinuum white laser into beams with different spectral components. It is understandable that a larger time interval adjustment range can be achieved by increasing the number of wedge-shaped chirped glasses in pairs.

[0109] Furthermore, the time interval can be further adjusted using a chirped control component, such as chirped glass, to achieve dynamic evolution imaging of the transient process of the object under test. Specifically, based on the imaging information of the transient process of the object under test obtained by the aforementioned data fusion processing component at different times, the time interval is further adjusted by changing the thickness of the chirped glass. Finally, by matching and fusing at least two imaging information of the transient process of the object under test obtained based on different time intervals, dynamic evolution imaging of the transient process of the object under test can be obtained. For example, the incident supercontinuum white laser has a spectral width of 350 nm to 2000 nm. The first time, a time resolution point of 1 nm is set, resulting in an imaging result containing imaging information of the object under test corresponding to 1650 time resolution points. Further, based on the imaging information of the object under test corresponding to the aforementioned 1650 time resolution points, a second time resolution point of 0.5 nm can be set, resulting in an imaging result containing 3300 time resolution points. By matching and fusing the transient process imaging information of the object under test obtained from at least two separate time intervals, and accurately calibrating it in the time domain, and so on, the dynamic evolution imaging information of the transient process of the object under test can be obtained, realizing ultrafast time-resolved evolution imaging and detection of the transient process.

[0110] This invention also provides an ultrafast time-resolved measurement method, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the method includes:

[0111] Step 201: Convert the ultrashort pulse laser into a supercontinuous white light laser;

[0112] Specifically, an ultrashort pulse laser, such as a femtosecond laser, is focused by a beam focusing component, such as a lens, and then input into a supercontinuum white light laser generating medium. It is then converted by a beam collimation component, such as a lens, into a collimated, easily transmitted, wide-spectrum, intensity-controllable supercontinuum white light laser.

[0113] Step 202: Divide the supercontinuum white laser into multiple bands of supercontinuum white laser with time intervals;

[0114] Specifically, the supercontinuous white laser enters the chirping control component, which, such as a chirped glass or a pair of gratings, generates a supercontinuous white laser with multiple bands having controllable time intervals by adjusting the time intervals between different bands, that is, generates a supercontinuous white laser with controllable chirped distribution.

[0115] Step 203: Image the object to be measured using supercontinuum white laser with multiple bands having time intervals to obtain an image of the object to be measured corresponding to each spectral component;

[0116] Specifically, a supercontinuous white laser with a controllable time interval is input into a multispectral collaborative imaging detection component. A strip microlens array with gratings and bandpass filters of different spectral components is used to split the supercontinuous white laser carrying time-resolved information of the object to be detected. Each beam of the split beam contains multiple sub-bands, and the bands can be selected according to actual needs. Based on the beams of different spectral components, the object to be measured is detected and imaged, and images of the object to be measured corresponding to multiple spectral components can be obtained.

[0117] Step 204: Based on the supercontinuous white laser with multiple bands having time intervals, and the image of the object to be measured corresponding to each spectral component, obtain the dynamic evolution imaging of the transient process of the object to be measured.

[0118] Specifically, the imaging of the object to be measured corresponding to each spectral component is matched with supercontinuous white laser light with controllable time intervals across each band. The time interval between the resulting images is calculated, thereby obtaining the imaging information of the object to be measured at different times. Because the ultrashort pulse laser can be adjusted at the femtosecond or picosecond level, the obtained imaging information is the transient imaging information of the object to be measured at different times.

[0119] The method provided in this invention first converts an ultrashort pulse laser into a supercontinuous white light laser. This supercontinuous white light laser is then divided into multiple supercontinuous white light lasers with controllable time intervals between multiple bands. Based on these controllable time intervals and images of the object to be measured corresponding to each spectral component, dynamic evolution imaging of the transient process of the object to be measured is obtained. Because the time intervals between different bands of the supercontinuous white light laser can be precisely controlled on an ultrafast time scale, such as on the femtosecond scale, combining the separation, matching, and resolution of images from different bands allows for ultrafast time-resolved detection and imaging of the object to be detected. This enables ultrafast time-resolved dynamic evolution imaging of transient processes with high imaging quality.

[0120] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention.

[0121] Figure 8 An example is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 810, a communication interface 820, a memory 830, and a communication bus 840, wherein the processor 810, the communication interface 820, and the memory 830 communicate with each other via the communication bus 840. The processor 810 can call logical instructions in the memory 830 to execute the ultrafast time-resolved measurement method, which includes:

[0122] Converting ultrashort pulse lasers into supercontinuous white light lasers;

[0123] Supercontinuous white light laser is divided into multiple bands with time intervals.

[0124] The supercontinuum white light laser with multiple wavelengths is used to image the object to be measured, and the image of the object to be measured corresponding to each spectral component is obtained.

[0125] Based on supercontinuous white laser light with multiple bands having time intervals, and images of the object to be measured corresponding to each spectral component, dynamic evolution imaging of the transient process of the object to be measured is obtained.

[0126] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the memory 730 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0127] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, the computer program product comprising a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer is capable of executing the ultrafast time-resolved measurement method, the method comprising:

[0128] Converting ultrashort pulse lasers into supercontinuous white light lasers;

[0129] Supercontinuous white light laser is divided into multiple bands with time intervals.

[0130] The supercontinuum white light laser with multiple wavelengths is used to image the object to be measured, and the image of the object to be measured corresponding to each spectral component is obtained.

[0131] Based on supercontinuous white laser light with multiple bands having time intervals, and images of the object to be measured corresponding to each spectral component, dynamic evolution imaging of the transient process of the object to be measured is obtained.

[0132] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the ultrafast time-resolved measurement method based on supercontinuum white light laser, the method comprising:

[0133] Converting ultrashort pulse lasers into supercontinuous white light lasers;

[0134] Supercontinuum white laser is divided into multiple bands with time intervals.

[0135] The supercontinuum white light laser with multiple wavelengths is used to image the object to be measured, and the image of the object to be measured corresponding to each spectral component is obtained.

[0136] Based on supercontinuous white laser light with multiple bands having time intervals, and images of the object to be measured corresponding to each spectral component, dynamic evolution imaging of the transient process of the object to be measured is obtained.

[0137] The system embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0138] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the technical solution, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0139] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultrafast time-resolved measurement system, characterized in that, include: Supercontinuous white light laser generation component, chirp control component, multispectral collaborative imaging and detection component, and data fusion processing component; The supercontinuous white light laser generating component is connected to the chirp control component, and the supercontinuous white light laser generating component is used to convert ultrashort pulse laser into supercontinuous white light laser. The chirp control component is also connected to the multispectral collaborative imaging detection component and the data fusion processing component, respectively. The chirp control component is used to divide the supercontinuous white light laser into multiple bands of supercontinuous white light laser with adjustable time intervals, and to achieve time-resolved control of the transient process of the object under test by adjusting the time intervals. The chirp control component consists of two chirped glass elements. Specifically, the chirp control component is used to adjust the time interval by moving the insertion amount of the two chirped glass elements up and down, so that the glass thickness through which the supercontinuous white light laser passes is different, thereby dividing the supercontinuous white light laser into supercontinuous white light lasers of each band. The multispectral collaborative imaging detection component is also connected to the data fusion processing component. The multispectral collaborative imaging detection component is used to image the object to be measured based on the supercontinuum white light laser of the multiple bands to obtain images of the object to be measured corresponding to the multiple spectral components. The data fusion processing component is used to match multiple bands of supercontinuous white laser light with time intervals with images of the object to be measured corresponding to each spectral component, and to calibrate and process them in the time domain to obtain dynamic evolution imaging of the transient process of the object to be measured; the time intervals corresponding to different dynamic evolution imaging are variable.

2. The ultrafast time-resolved measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supercontinuum white light laser generating component includes: Beam focusing module, supercontinuum white light laser generating medium, and beam collimation module; The beam focusing module is used to focus the ultrashort pulse laser and input the focused laser into the supercontinuous white light laser generating medium. The supercontinuum white light laser generating medium is used to convert the focused laser into a supercontinuum white light laser with a wide spectral range. The beam collimation module is used to collimate the wide-spectral-range supercontinuum white laser.

3. The ultrafast time-resolved measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multispectral collaborative imaging detection component includes: Gratings, bar detector arrays; The grating is used to split the supercontinuum white laser light of the multiple bands to obtain a beam with multiple spectral components. The bar detector array is used to filter the beams of each spectral component and image the object to be measured based on the beams of different spectral components, thereby obtaining an image of the object to be measured corresponding to each spectral component.

4. The ultrafast time-resolved measurement system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bar-shaped detection array includes a bar-shaped microlens array and a bar-shaped detector. The bar-shaped microlens array includes microlenses in the same number as the various spectral components. Each of the microlenses is provided with a bandpass filter corresponding to its respective spectral component. The bandpass filter is used to filter the beam of each spectral component.

5. The ultrafast time-resolved measurement system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power of the ultrashort pulse laser is greater than the self-focusing threshold power of the supercontinuous white light laser in the supercontinuous white light laser generating medium; The self-focusing threshold power satisfies the following formula: ； in, The wavelength of an ultrashort pulse laser. To determine the refractive index of the supercontinuum white light-generating medium for ultrashort pulse lasers without considering nonlinear effects, The nonlinear refractive index coefficient of the ultrashort pulse laser in the supercontinuous white light laser generating medium is given.

6. The ultrafast time-resolved measurement system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The beam focusing module includes a beam focusing lens, the focal length f of which satisfies the following formula with respect to the diameter D of the ultrashort pulse laser: ； in, The value is related to the type of medium that generates the supercontinuous white light laser.

7. An ultrafast time-resolved measurement method, characterized in that, Applied to the ultrafast time-resolved measurement system as described in any one of claims 1-6, the method comprises: Converting ultrashort pulse lasers into supercontinuous white light lasers; The supercontinuous white light laser is divided into multiple bands with adjustable time intervals, and the transient process of the object under test is controlled by adjusting the time intervals. The division of the supercontinuous white light laser into multiple bands with time intervals includes: adjusting the time interval by moving the insertion amount of two chirped glasses up and down so that the glass thickness through which the supercontinuous white light laser passes is different, thereby dividing the supercontinuous white light laser into supercontinuous white light lasers of each band. The supercontinuum white light laser of the multiple bands is used to image the object to be measured, and the image of the object to be measured corresponding to each of the spectral components is obtained. The supercontinuous white laser with multiple bands having time intervals is matched with the image of the object to be measured corresponding to each spectral component, and calibrated and processed in the time domain to obtain dynamic evolution imaging of the transient process of the object to be measured; the time intervals corresponding to different dynamic evolution imaging are variable.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the ultrafast time-resolved measurement method as described in claim 7.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the ultrafast time-resolved measurement method as described in claim 7.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the ultrafast time-resolved measurement method as described in claim 7.

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