Self-cooling pneumatic high-speed spindle and mounting method

Abstract

The application discloses a self-cooling pneumatic high-speed spindle applied to a lining glue spraying robot of an aero-engine and a mounting method, which comprises a spindle mounting seat, a rotating spindle, a turbine, a turbine limiting ring, a first bearing, a second bearing, a bearing sleeve, a bearing end cover, an air passage upper plate, an air passage lower plate and a cover plate. The spindle mounting seat is used for fixing the rotating spindle; the turbine is fixed on the rotating spindle and is limited and fixed through the turbine limiting ring connected with the spindle; the first bearing, the bearing sleeve and the second bearing are installed on the rotating spindle; and the lower air passage plate and the upper air passage plate are fixed between the gland and the spindle mounting seat. The high-speed gas drives the turbine to rotate the rotating spindle, performs high-speed rotation and atomization and spraying coating operation on high-viscosity glue liquid, adjusts the gas speed to realize control on the atomization degree of the glue, and meets the requirements of different spraying conditions; and the air spindle is provided with a heat dissipation air passage inside, heat generated by bearing friction is taken away through air flow, and self-cooling of the air spindle is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of aero-engine lining glue spraying robots, and particularly relates to a self-cooling pneumatic high-speed spindle. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the production and manufacturing process of an aero-engine, a high-viscosity glue is used to spray the lining surface of the aero-engine, so as to play a specific protection function. The rotating spindle of the glue spraying machine is a core component of the glue spraying machine, and the glue injected into the spindle is diffused to the surrounding through the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the spindle. The rotating speed of the traditional glue spraying machine spindle is relatively slow, which leads to uneven diffusion of the glue and affects the glue spraying quality. A faster rotating spindle brings the problem of heat generated by friction, and the high temperature not only affects the performance of the equipment, but also reduces the viscosity of the glue, which affects the spraying quality. Therefore, a self-cooling high-speed spindle is needed to solve the problem of equipment heating while meeting the spraying quality and meeting the actual engineering requirements. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem solved by the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and the present application provides a self-cooling pneumatic high-speed spindle, which can realize: (1) the rotating spindle can rotate at high speed to ensure the glue spraying quality; (2) the self-cooling of the spindle during high-speed rotation.

[0004] The technical solution of the present application is:

[0005] A self-cooling pneumatic high-speed spindle, comprising a spindle mounting seat, a rotating spindle, a turbine, a turbine limiting ring, a first bearing, a second bearing, a bearing sleeve, a bearing end cover and a connecting seat.

[0006] The spindle mounting seat is used for mounting and fixing the whole rotating spindle, and the spindle mounting seat is provided with a center hole, and the rotating spindle passes through the spindle mounting seat from the center hole;

[0007] The turbine, the turbine limiting ring, the first bearing and the second bearing are fixed in the center hole in sequence by interference fit;

[0008] The bearing sleeve is sleeved outside the rotating spindle and located between the first bearing and the second bearing;

[0009] One end of the spindle mounting seat is provided with a lower shoulder, and the other end is connected with the bearing end cover, and the second bearing and the first bearing are located between the lower shoulder and the bearing end cover;

[0010] The connecting seat is connected to one end of the spindle mounting seat connected with the bearing end cover, and the connecting seat is arranged outside the turbine and the turbine limiting ring;

[0011] The connecting seat and the main shaft mounting seat combine to form a cooling gas passage, an exhaust passage, a driving flow channel, and a braking flow channel. The cooling gas enters between the main shaft mounting seat and the rotating main shaft through the cooling gas passage and is then discharged from the exhaust passage. The driving gas flows into the driving flow channel and then blows towards the turbine from the outside of the turbine to drive the turbine to rotate. The braking gas flows into the braking flow channel and then blows towards the turbine from the outside of the turbine in the opposite direction.

[0012] The connecting seat comprises an air passage upper plate, an air passage lower plate, and a cover plate. The air passage lower plate and the air passage upper plate are fixed between the cover plate and the main shaft mounting seat. The air passage lower plate is located outside the turbine limiting ring. The inner diameter of the air passage lower plate is greater than the outer diameter of the turbine limiting ring and less than the outer diameter of the turbine. The air passage upper plate is located outside the turbine. The inner diameter of the air passage upper plate is greater than the outer diameter of the turbine.

[0013] The cooling gas passage comprises a first air passage inlet and a first heat dissipation air passage. The first air passage inlet is arranged on the connecting seat. The first heat dissipation air passage extends along the axis direction of the main shaft mounting seat. The first air passage inlet is in communication with the first heat dissipation air passage. The main shaft mounting seat is provided with a first gas outlet groove. The first gas outlet groove is in communication with the heat dissipation air passage and the central hole. The first gas outlet groove is provided with two first gas outlet grooves. The positions of the two first gas outlet grooves are close to the first bearing and the second bearing, respectively.

[0014] The main shaft mounting seat is provided with a groove on the side facing the cover plate. The bearing end cover is located at the bottom of the groove. The groove and the air passage lower plate form an annular cavity.

[0015] The exhaust passage comprises at least one gas outlet passage. The gas outlet passage comprises a gas outlet, a heat dissipation air passage, and a gas outlet groove. The gas outlet is arranged at the bottom of the groove. The gas outlet is in communication with the annular cavity. The heat dissipation air passage extends along the axis direction of the main shaft mounting seat. The gas outlet is in communication with the heat dissipation air passage. The gas outlet groove is in communication with the heat dissipation air passage and the central hole.

[0016] The exhaust passage further comprises an exhaust hole. The air passage upper plate, the air passage lower plate, and the cover plate are all provided with the exhaust hole. The exhaust holes are opposite to each other. The exhaust holes are in communication with the annular cavity.

[0017] The driving flow channel comprises a first driving gas inlet, a second driving gas inlet, and a driving gas air passage. The braking flow channel comprises a first braking gas inlet, a second braking gas inlet, and a braking gas air passage.

[0018] The first driving gas inlet and the first braking gas inlet are arranged on the cover plate. The second driving gas inlet and the second braking gas inlet are arranged on the air passage upper plate. The driving gas air passage and the braking gas air passage are arranged on the side of the air passage upper plate facing the air passage lower plate.

[0019] The driving gas flow channel is in communication with the second driving gas hole and the first driving gas hole in sequence. The end of the driving gas flow channel is inclined and positively communicated to the outside of the turbine in the circumferential direction.

[0020] The brake gas air passage is communicated with the second brake gas hole and the first brake gas hole in sequence, and the end of the brake gas air passage is obliquely and reversely communicated with the outer side of the turbine in the circumferential direction, and the included angle between the reverse direction and the forward direction is an obtuse angle.

[0021] O-shaped sealing rings are installed at the air passage joints of the cooling gas passage, the exhaust passage, the driving flow channel and the brake flow channel between the air passage upper plate, the air passage lower plate and the cover plate.

[0022] A plurality of air holes are formed in the bearing sleeve, and the air holes pass through the inner wall to the outer wall of the bearing sleeve; the bearing sleeve is made of brass.

[0023] The high-speed gas driving turbine drives the rotating main shaft to rotate, and performs high-speed rotation and atomization coating operation on the high-viscosity glue solution; by adjusting the gas speed, the control of the atomization degree of the glue can be realized, and the requirements of different spraying conditions can be met; the air main shaft is provided with a heat dissipation air channel, and the heat generated by bearing friction is taken away by airflow during operation, so that the air main shaft is self-cooled.

[0024] A mounting method of the self-cooling pneumatic high-speed main shaft, using the self-cooling pneumatic high-speed main shaft, comprising

[0025] S1: installing the rotating main shaft, the turbine and the turbine limiting ring, installing the turbine 006 on the rotating main shaft by interference fit, and then installing the turbine limiting ring on the rotating main shaft by interference fit;

[0026] S2: installing the main shaft mounting seat, the first bearing, the second bearing, the bearing sleeve and the bearing end cover, installing the second bearing outer ring on the lower part of the center hole of the main shaft mounting seat by interference fit, then installing a plurality of bearing sleeves in the center hole of the main shaft mounting seat in sequence, then installing the first bearing on the upper part of the bearing sleeve, and finally connecting and fixing the bearing end cover with the main shaft mounting seat by screws;

[0027] S3: installing the rotating main shaft and the main shaft mounting seat, installing the rotating main shaft, the turbine and the turbine limiting ring installed in one body into the main shaft mounting seat, so that the rotating main shaft and the first bearing and the second bearing in the main shaft mounting seat form interference fit;

[0028] S4: installing the cover plate, the air passage upper plate and the air passage lower plate, first installing the air passage lower plate, the air passage upper plate and the cover plate on the upper part of the main shaft mounting seat in sequence, and fixing the cover plate, the air passage upper plate and the air passage lower plate with the main shaft mounting seat by screws;

[0029] S5: installing the limiting ring, and fixing the limiting ring above the cover plate.

[0030] In summary, the present application at least includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0031] The application provides a self-cooling pneumatic high-speed spindle, which is used for high-speed rotation and atomization and spraying of high-viscosity glue in a glue spraying process on a surface of a lining of an aero-engine, and comprises a spindle mounting seat, a rotating spindle, a turbine, a turbine limiting ring, a first bearing, a second bearing, a bearing sleeve, a bearing end cover, an air passage upper plate, an air passage lower plate and a cover plate. The spindle mounting seat is used for mounting and fixing the rotating spindle as a whole, the turbine is fixed on the rotating spindle through interference fit and is limited and fixed through the turbine limiting ring connected with the rotating spindle through interference fit, the first bearing and the second bearing are mounted on the rotating spindle through interference fit, the bearings are limited through the bearing sleeve, the first bearing is axially positioned through a lower shoulder of the spindle mounting seat, and the second bearing is axially positioned through the bearing end cover mounted on an upper end of the bearing seat. The high-speed gas drives the turbine to rotate the rotating spindle, so that the high-viscosity glue is subjected to high-speed rotation and atomization and spraying, the control of the atomization degree of the glue can be realized by adjusting the gas speed, different spraying conditions can be met, the air passage is arranged in the air spindle, and the heat generated by bearing friction is taken away through airflow during work, so that the air spindle is self-cooled. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of the self-cooling pneumatic high-speed spindle of the application;

[0033] Figure 2 is a sectional view of the self-cooling pneumatic high-speed spindle of the application;

[0034] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional view of the spindle mounting seat of the self-cooling pneumatic high-speed spindle of the application;

[0035] Figure 4 is a sectional view of the heat dissipation air passage of the spindle mounting seat of the self-cooling pneumatic high-speed spindle of the application, the sectional view is taken along a line A-A in the three-dimensional view of the spindle mounting seat of the self-cooling pneumatic high-speed spindle of the application; Figure 1 is a sectional view taken along a line B-B in the three-dimensional view of the spindle mounting seat of the self-cooling pneumatic high-speed spindle of the application; Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along a line C-C in the three-dimensional view of the spindle mounting seat of the self-cooling pneumatic high-speed spindle of the application;

[0036] Figure 5 is an assembly view of the rotating spindle and the turbine of the self-cooling pneumatic high-speed spindle of the application;

[0037] Figure 6 is a schematic view of the air passages of the upper and lower air passage plates of the self-cooling pneumatic high-speed spindle of the application, wherein Figure 6 (a) is a schematic view of the structure of the cooperation of the air passage upper plate and the air passage lower plate, and (b) is a schematic view of the structure of one side of the air passage upper plate facing the air passage lower plate;

[0038] Figure 7 is a view of the bearing sleeve of the self-cooling pneumatic high-speed spindle of the application;

[0039] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the gas heat dissipation flow direction of a self-cooling pneumatic high-speed spindle of the present application, wherein, Figure 8 (a) (c) is a schematic diagram of the gas heat dissipation flow direction, Figure 8 (b) is a schematic diagram of the turbine-driven gas heat dissipation flow direction.

[0040] Reference signs: 001, positioning ring; 002, cover plate; 003, air passage upper plate; 004, air passage lower plate; 005, rotating spindle; 006, turbine; 007, turbine limiting ring; 008, bearing end cover; 009, spindle mounting seat; 010, first bearing; 011, second bearing; 012, first bearing sleeve; 013, second bearing sleeve; 014, third bearing sleeve; 015, air hole; 016, exhaust hole;

[0041] 91, groove; 92, ring cavity;

[0042] 21, first air inlet; 31, second air inlet; 41, third air inlet; 97, fourth air inlet; 93, first heat dissipation air passage; 94, first air outlet groove;

[0043] 951, second air outlet; 952, second heat dissipation air passage; 953, second air outlet groove;

[0044] 961, third air outlet; 962, third heat dissipation air passage; 963, third air outlet groove;

[0045] 22, first drive air inlet hole; 33, drive gas air passage;

[0046] 23, first brake air inlet hole; 35, brake gas air passage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present application and implement it:

[0048] The embodiments of the present application disclose a self-cooling pneumatic high-speed spindle, which is used for high-speed rotation and atomization and coating operation of high-viscosity glue in the process of spraying glue on the surface of the liner of an aero-engine.

[0049] According to the specific embodiments of the present application, a self-cooling pneumatic high-speed spindle comprises Figures 1-7As shown, it includes main shaft mounting seat 009, rotating main shaft 005, turbine 006, turbine limiting ring 007, first bearing 010, second bearing 011, bearing sleeve 012 / 013 / 014, bearing end cover 008, gas passage upper plate 003, gas passage lower plate 004 and cover plate 002. The main shaft mounting seat 009 is provided with a central hole, and the rotating main shaft 005 passes through the central hole of the main shaft mounting seat 009, and the main shaft mounting seat 009 is used for mounting and fixing the rotating main shaft as a whole. Figure 5 As shown, the turbine 006 is fixed on the rotating main shaft 005 by interference fit, and is limited and fixed by the turbine limiting ring 007 which is interference fit with the rotating main shaft 005. Figure 2 As shown, the first bearing 010 and the second bearing 011 are interference fit mounted on the rotating main shaft 005, and are limited by the three separately designed bearing sleeves 012 / 013 / 014 between the first bearing 010 and the second bearing 011, and the first bearing 010 is axially positioned by the lower shoulder of the main shaft mounting seat 005, and the second bearing 011 is axially positioned by the bearing end cover 008 mounted on the upper end of the main shaft mounting seat 009. Figure 6 As shown, the upper gas passage plate 003 and the lower gas passage plate 004 are fixed between the cover plate 002 and the main shaft mounting seat 009 by the screws on the cover plate 002, and the upper gas passage plate 003 and the lower gas passage plate 004 are combined to form a gas passage.

[0050] The gas passage includes a cooling gas passage, an exhaust passage, a driving flow channel and a braking flow channel. The exhaust passage includes an exhaust hole 016 and at least one exhaust passage. The cooling gas enters between the main shaft mounting seat 009 and the rotating main shaft 005 through the cooling gas passage and is discharged from the exhaust passage; the driving gas flows into the driving flow channel and blows towards the turbine 006 from the outside of the turbine 006 to drive the turbine 006 to rotate; and the braking gas flows into the braking flow channel and blows towards the turbine 006 from the outside of the turbine 006 in the opposite direction.

[0051] The gas passage lower plate 004 is located outside the turbine limiting ring 007, the inner diameter of the gas passage lower plate 004 is greater than the outer diameter of the turbine limiting ring 007 and less than the outer diameter of the turbine 006, the gas passage upper plate 003 is located outside the turbine 006, and the inner diameter of the gas passage upper plate 003 is greater than the outer diameter of the turbine 006. The side of the main shaft mounting seat 009 facing the cover plate 002 is provided with a groove 91, the bearing end cover 008 is located at the bottom of the groove 91, and the groove 91 and the gas passage lower plate 004 form an annular cavity 92. The gap between the gas passage lower plate 004 and the turbine limiting ring 007 is located below the turbine 006, and the gap is communicated with the annular cavity 92, so that the gas at the turbine 006 can flow into the annular cavity 92 from the gap between the gas passage lower plate 004 and the turbine limiting ring 007.

[0052] Figure 3 , Figure 4 and​Figure 8 In this embodiment, the side wall of the main shaft mounting seat 009 is machined with three 2mm diameter air channels for heat dissipation and a series of arc-shaped air outlet grooves. Specifically, as shown in the cross-sectional view of the main shaft mounting seat 009 in FIG. 4, the three air channels include a cooling gas passage and two air outlet passages. Figure 4 Figure 1 2 The cooling gas passage includes a first air inlet, a first heat dissipation air channel 93, and a first air outlet groove 94. The cover plate 002 is provided with a first air inlet 21, the air channel upper plate 003 is provided with a second air inlet 31, the air channel lower plate 004 is provided with a third air inlet 41, and the main shaft mounting seat 009 is provided with a fourth air inlet 97. The first air inlet 21, the second air inlet 31, and the third air inlet 41 are sequentially opposite and connected to form the first air inlet. The first heat dissipation air channel 93 extends along the axis direction of the main shaft mounting seat 009. The fourth air inlet 97 is connected to the first heat dissipation air channel 93. The first air inlet is connected to the first heat dissipation air channel 93 through the fourth air inlet 97. The first air outlet groove 94 is provided in the main shaft mounting seat 009 and is connected to the heat dissipation air channel and the central hole. Two first air outlet grooves 94 are provided, and the positions of the two first air outlet grooves 94 are close to the first bearing 010 and the second bearing 011, respectively. The cooling gas enters from the first air inlet, flows through the first heat dissipation air channel 93, and is sprayed from the first air outlet groove 94 into the main shaft mounting seat 009 to cool the first bearing 010 and the second bearing 011 mounted in the main shaft mounting seat and the rotating main shaft 005. The other two air channels are air outlet passages connected to the exhaust port of the turbine 006 (i.e., through the gap between the ring cavity, the air channel lower plate, and the turbine limiting ring). On one hand, the driving gas driving the turbine 006 is discharged from the heat dissipation air channel of the main shaft mounting seat 009, and on the other hand, the gas is sprayed through the air outlet groove into the main shaft mounting seat 009 to cool the internal parts, achieving self-cooling of the high-speed air shaft.

[0053] ​​Specifically, the air outlet passage includes an air outlet, a heat dissipation air duct, and an air outlet groove. The air outlet is located at the bottom of the groove 91 and is connected to the annular cavity 92. The heat dissipation air duct extends along the axial direction of the spindle mounting base 009 and is connected to the heat dissipation air duct. The air outlet groove connects the heat dissipation air duct and the central hole. In this embodiment, the two air outlet paths are a second air outlet path and a third air outlet path. The second air outlet path includes a second air outlet 951, a second heat dissipation air passage 952, and a second air outlet groove 953. The second air outlet path also includes a third air outlet 961, a third heat dissipation air passage 962, and a third air outlet groove 963. The second air outlet 951 and the third air outlet 961 are located at the bottom of the groove 91 and are connected to the annular cavity 92. The second heat dissipation air passage 952 and the third heat dissipation air passage 962 extend along the axial direction of the spindle mounting base 009. The second air outlet 951 is connected to the second heat dissipation air passage 952, and the third air outlet 961 is connected to the third heat dissipation air passage 962. The second air outlet groove 953 connects the second heat dissipation air passage 952 and the central hole, and the third air outlet groove 963 connects the third heat dissipation air passage 962 and the central hole. This year, the cover plate 002, the upper air passage plate 003, and the lower air passage plate 004 are equipped with air outlet holes that are opposite to the second air outlet 951 and the third air outlet 961.

[0054] The upper airway plate 003, the lower airway plate 004, and the cover plate 002 are all provided with exhaust holes 016. The exhaust holes 016 are opposite to each other and are connected to the annular cavity 92.

[0055] Depend on Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, the rotary spindle 005 adopts a hollow design, which effectively reduces the moment of inertia of the spindle and further improves the start and stop speed of the rotary spindle 005, so that the maximum speed can reach 23000r / min. The hollow design is conducive to the concentric installation of the colloid injection tube and the rotary spindle 005, so that the colloid can flow smoothly into the end of the rotary spindle 005.

[0056] Depend on Figure 2 , Figure 7 As shown, the bearing sleeves adopt a split design, specifically including a first bearing sleeve 012, a second bearing sleeve 013, and a third bearing sleeve 014, which facilitates the installation and positioning of the bearing sleeves with the inner wall of the spindle mounting base 009. A series of 2mm diameter air holes 015 are machined on the bearing sleeves 012 / 013 / 014. Gas ejected from the air outlet groove of the spindle mounting base 009 enters the interior of the bearing sleeves 012 / 013 / 014 through the air holes, dissipating heat for the first bearing 010, the second bearing 011, and the rotating spindle 005. The bearing sleeves are made of brass to enhance thermal conductivity.

[0057] Depend on Figure 6 As shown, the upper air duct plate 003 and the lower air duct plate 004 combine to form a driving flow channel and a braking flow channel. Figure 8As shown, the airway upper plate 003, the airway lower plate 004 and the cover plate 002 are machined with the heat dissipation airway corresponding to the main shaft mounting seat 009, and the O-shaped sealing ring is installed at the airway joint to ensure the air tightness of the heat dissipation airway.

[0058] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the drive flow channel includes the first drive air inlet hole 22, the second drive air inlet hole, the drive gas airway 33, and the brake flow channel includes the first brake air inlet hole 23, the second brake air inlet hole, and the brake gas airway 35. The first drive air inlet hole 22 and the first brake air inlet hole 23 are opened in the cover plate 002, the second drive air inlet hole and the second brake air inlet hole are opened in the airway upper plate 003, and the drive gas airway 33 and the brake gas airway 35 are opened in the side of the airway upper plate 003 facing the airway lower plate 004; the first drive air inlet hole 22 and the second drive air inlet hole are opposite, the drive gas flow channel sequentially communicates with the second drive air hole and the first drive air hole 22, and the end of the drive gas flow channel is inclined and directly communicated to the outside circumference of the turbine 006; the first brake air inlet hole 23 and the second brake air inlet hole are opposite, the brake gas airway 35 sequentially communicates with the second brake air hole and the first brake air hole 23, and the end of the brake gas airway 35 is inclined and reversely communicated to the outside circumference of the turbine 006, and the included angle between the reverse direction and the direct direction is obtuse.

[0059] As shown in Figure 8 a and Figure 8 c, the heat dissipation airway is characterized in that: one way of heat dissipation gas enters from the first air inlet of the cover plate 002, flows through the airway upper plate 003 and the airway lower plate 004, enters the first heat dissipation airway 93 of the main shaft mounting seat 009, and is sprayed from the first air outlet groove 94 inside the main shaft mounting seat 009 into the inside of the bearing sleeve 012 / 013 / 014 to take away the heat generated by the first bearing 010, the second bearing 011 and the rotating main shaft 005, and the gas entering the bearing sleeve has three ways: first, the gas enters the second heat dissipation airway 952 and the third heat dissipation airway 962 from the second air outlet groove 953 and the third air outlet groove 963, and then enters the ring cavity 92 through the second air outlet 951 and the third air outlet 961, and then flows out from the exhaust hole 016 or from the air outlet hole of the cover plate 002, the airway upper plate 003 and the airway lower plate 004; second, the second bearing 011 has a gap, and the gas can flow out from the lower part of the main shaft mounting seat 009 through the gap of the second bearing 011; third, the first bearing 010 has a gap, and the gas can flow out from the upper part of the main shaft mounting seat 009 through the gap of the first bearing 010; finally, most of the gas flows out through the exhaust hole, a small part of the gas flows out from the lower part of the main shaft mounting seat 009 through the gap of the second bearing 011, and a small part of the gas flows out from the upper part of the main shaft mounting seat 009 through the gap of the first bearing 010.

[0060] AsFigure 8 As shown in Fig. b, another heat dissipation gas source is the driving gas from the turbine 006, the driving gas enters the first driving gas inlet hole 22 of the cover plate 002, flows through the gas passage upper plate 003 to provide power for the turbine 006, and then the driving gas flows into the ring cavity 92 from the gap between the turbine limiting ring 007 and the gas passage lower plate 004 below the turbine 006, and the main gas outlet way of the driving gas flowing into the ring cavity 92 is discharged through the exhaust hole 016.

[0061] The present application adopts the following installation steps:

[0062] First step: install the rotating main shaft 005, the turbine 006 and the turbine limiting ring 007. First, install the turbine 006 on the rotating main shaft 005 by interference fit, and then install the turbine limiting ring 007 on the rotating main shaft 005 by interference fit to limit and fix the turbine 006.

[0063] Second step: install the main shaft mounting seat 009, the first bearing 010, the second bearing 011, the bearing sleeve 012 / 013 / 014 and the bearing end cover 008. First, install the outer ring of the second bearing 011 on the lower part of the center hole of the main shaft mounting seat 009 by interference fit, then install the third bearing sleeve 014, the second bearing sleeve 013 and the first bearing sleeve 012 in the center hole of the main shaft mounting seat 009 in turn, then install the first bearing 010 on the upper part of the first bearing sleeve 012, and finally connect and fix the bearing end cover 008 with the main shaft mounting seat 009 by screws.

[0064] Third step: install the rotating main shaft 005 and the main shaft mounting seat 009. Install the rotating main shaft 005, the turbine 006 and the turbine limiting ring 007 installed as a whole into the main shaft mounting seat 009, so that the rotating main shaft 005 and the first bearing 010, the second bearing 011 in the main shaft mounting seat form interference fit.

[0065] Fourth step: install the cover plate 002, the gas passage upper plate 003 and the gas passage lower plate 004. First, install the gas passage lower plate 004 on the upper part of the main shaft mounting seat 009, then install the gas passage upper plate 003 above the gas passage lower plate 004, and finally install the cover plate 002 above the gas passage upper plate 003 and fix the cover plate 002, the gas passage upper plate 003, the gas passage lower plate 004 and the main shaft mounting seat 009 by screws.

[0066] Fifth step: install the limiting ring 001. Fix the limiting ring 001 above the cover plate by screws and pressing.

[0067] The self-cooling principle of the self-cooling pneumatic high-speed spindle of the present application is as follows:

[0068] In the process of colloid atomization operation of self-cooling pneumatic high-speed spindle, the heat dissipation gas enters through the cover plate 002, flows through the air passage upper plate 003 and the air passage lower plate 004, enters the corresponding inlet of the spindle mounting seat 009, and is sprayed from the first air outlet groove on the inner side of the spindle mounting seat 009 into the bearing sleeve 012 / 013 / 014, so as to take away the heat generated by the bearing 010 / 011 and the rotating spindle 005, and finally flows out from the exhaust hole, the lower part and / or the upper part of the spindle mounting seat 009; at the same time, the driving gas of the turbine 006 enters through the driving gas inlet of the cover plate 002, flows through the air passage upper plate 003 and the air passage lower plate 004 to form an air inlet passage to provide power for the turbine 006, and then the gas is discharged from the lower part of the turbine 006, enters the two heat dissipation air passage inlets on the spindle mounting seat 009, is sprayed from the air outlet groove into the bearing sleeve 012 / 013 / 014, and finally flows out from the lower part of the spindle mounting seat 009 to dissipate heat for the spindle.

[0069] Although the present application is disclosed with the preferred embodiments as above, it is not intended to limit the present application, and any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be defined by the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A self-cooled aerodynamic high-speed spindle characterized by: The main shaft mounting seat (009) is used for mounting and fixing the whole of the rotating main shaft (005), and the main shaft mounting seat (009) is provided with a center hole, and the rotating main shaft (005) passes through the main shaft mounting seat (009) from the center hole. The turbine (006), the turbine limiting ring (007), the first bearing (010) and the second bearing (011) are fixed in the center hole in sequence by interference fit. The bearing sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the rotating main shaft (005) and is located between the first bearing (010) and the second bearing (011). One end of the main shaft mounting seat (009) is provided with a lower shoulder, the other end is connected with the bearing end cover (008), and the second bearing (011) and the first bearing (010) are located between the lower shoulder and the bearing end cover (008). The connecting seat is connected to one end of the main shaft mounting seat (009) connected with the bearing end cover (008), and is arranged outside the turbine (006) and the turbine limiting ring (007). The connecting seat and the main shaft mounting seat (009) form a cooling gas passage, an exhaust passage, a driving flow channel, a braking flow channel, and the cooling gas enters between the main shaft mounting seat (009) and the rotating main shaft (005) through the cooling gas passage and is discharged from the exhaust passage; the driving gas flows into the driving flow channel and blows towards the turbine (006) from the outside of the turbine (006) to drive the turbine (006) to rotate; and the braking gas flows into the braking flow channel and blows towards the turbine (006) from the outside of the turbine (006) in the opposite direction. The cooling gas passage comprises a first air passage inlet, a first heat dissipation air passage (93) and a first air outlet groove (94), the first air passage inlet is arranged on the connecting seat, the first heat dissipation air passage (93) extends along the axis direction of the main shaft mounting seat (009), the first air passage inlet is in communication with the first heat dissipation air passage (93), and the first air outlet groove (94) is arranged on the main shaft mounting seat (009) and is in communication with the heat dissipation air passage and the center hole. Two first air outlet grooves (94) are arranged, and the positions of the two first air outlet grooves (94) are close to the first bearing (010) and the second bearing (011) respectively. The main shaft mounting seat (009) is provided with a groove (91) on the side facing the cover plate (002), the bearing end cover (008) is located at the bottom of the groove (91), and the groove (91) and the air passage lower plate (004) form an annular cavity (92); The exhaust passage comprises at least one air outlet passage, and the air outlet passage comprises an air outlet, a heat dissipation air passage and an air outlet groove, the air outlet is arranged at the bottom of the groove (91), the air outlet is in communication with the annular cavity (92), the heat dissipation air passage extends along the axis direction of the main shaft mounting seat (009), the air outlet is in communication with the heat dissipation air passage, and the air outlet groove is in communication with the heat dissipation air passage and the center hole. ​ The exhaust passage further comprises exhaust holes (016), and the air passage upper plate (003), the air passage lower plate (004) and the cover plate (002) are all provided with the exhaust holes (016) which are communicated with the ring cavity (92).

2. A self-cooled aerodynamic high speed spindle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The connecting seat comprises the air passage upper plate (003), the air passage lower plate (004) and the cover plate (002), the air passage lower plate (004) and the air passage upper plate (003) are fixed between the cover plate (002) and the main shaft mounting seat (009), the air passage lower plate (004) is located outside the turbine limiting ring (007), the inner diameter of the air passage lower plate (004) is greater than the outer diameter of the turbine limiting ring (007) and smaller than the outer diameter of the turbine (006), and the air passage upper plate (003) is located outside the turbine (006), and the inner diameter of the air passage upper plate (003) is greater than the outer diameter of the turbine (006).

3. A self-cooled aerodynamic high speed spindle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The driving flow channel comprises a first driving air inlet hole (22), a second driving air inlet hole (015) and a driving gas air passage (33), and the braking flow channel comprises a first braking air inlet hole (23), a second braking air inlet hole (015) and a braking gas air passage (35); The first driving air inlet hole (22) and the first braking air inlet hole (23) are arranged on the cover plate (002), the second driving air inlet hole (015) and the second braking air inlet hole (015) are arranged on the air passage upper plate (003), and the driving gas air passage (33) and the braking gas air passage (35) are arranged on one side of the air passage upper plate (003) facing the air passage lower plate (004), The driving gas flow channel is sequentially communicated with the second driving air hole (015) and the first driving air hole (015), and the end of the driving gas flow channel is inclined and positively communicated to the outer circumferential direction of the turbine (006); The braking gas air passage (35) is sequentially communicated with the second braking air hole (015) and the first braking air hole (015), and the end of the braking gas air passage (35) is inclined and reversely communicated to the outer circumferential direction of the turbine (006), and the included angle between the reverse direction and the positive direction is obtuse.

4. A self-cooled aerodynamic high speed spindle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: O-shaped sealing rings are arranged at the air passage joints of the cooling gas passage, the exhaust passage, the driving flow channel and the braking flow channel between the air passage upper plate (003), the air passage lower plate (004) and the cover plate (002).

5. A self-cooled aerodynamic high speed spindle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: A plurality of air holes (015) are arranged on the bearing sleeve, the air holes (015) penetrate through the inner wall to the outer wall of the bearing sleeve, and the bearing sleeve is made of brass.

6. A method for installing a self-cooling aerodynamic high-speed spindle, using a self-cooling aerodynamic high-speed spindle according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that: The method comprises the steps of S1: installing a rotating main shaft (005), a turbine (006) and a turbine limiting ring (007), installing the turbine (006) on the rotating main shaft (005) through interference fit, and then installing the turbine limiting ring (007) on the rotating main shaft (005) through interference fit; S2: install the main shaft mounting seat (009), the first bearing (010), the second bearing (011), the bearing sleeve and the bearing end cover (008), install the outer ring of the second bearing (011) to the lower part of the center hole of the main shaft mounting seat (009) by interference fit, then install the bearing sleeves in sequence to the center hole of the main shaft mounting seat (009), then install the first bearing (010) on the upper part of the bearing sleeve, and finally connect and fix the bearing end cover (008) with the main shaft mounting seat (009) by screws; S3: install the rotating main shaft (005) and the main shaft mounting seat (009), install the rotating main shaft (005), the turbine (006) and the turbine limiting ring (007) which are installed in one body into the main shaft mounting seat (009), so that the rotating main shaft (005) and the first bearing (010) and the second bearing (011) in the main shaft mounting seat (009) form interference fit; S4: install the cover plate (002), the air passage upper plate (003) and the air passage lower plate (004), first install the air passage lower plate (004), the air passage upper plate (003) and the cover plate (002) in sequence to the upper part of the main shaft mounting seat (009), and fix the cover plate (002), the air passage upper plate (003) and the air passage lower plate (004) with the main shaft mounting seat (009) by screws; S5: install the limiting ring, and fix the limiting ring above the cover plate (002).

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