Active profile presentation device and method for an ocean observation buoy

Abstract

The application relates to an active profile display device and method of a marine observation buoy, which is composed of an embedded microprocessor, an LED driving module, an illumination sensor, an LED lamp strip, a 485 bus protocol module, an AIS receiving module and a positioning module, wherein the embedded microprocessor is connected with the LED driving module, the illumination sensor, the 485 bus protocol module, the AIS receiving module and the positioning module respectively, and the LED driving module is connected with the LED lamp strip. The embedded microprocessor performs data compliance discrimination inspection every second, and performs active profile display analysis control module in a timing mode. According to the weighted calculation of the distance normalization result of the ship and the buoy, the LED driving power, the light duration and the extinguishing duration are adjusted. The beneficial effect of the application is that the LED lamp strip power and the light and extinguishing duration are dynamically adjusted according to the distance of the surrounding ships, so that better marker profile display effect is realized with less energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine observation buoys, and specifically to an active contouring device and method for marine observation buoys. Background Technology

[0002] A buoy is a device anchored at a designated location and floating on the water's surface. Based on their specific functions, they can be divided into navigation aids (hereinafter referred to as navigation aids) and marine observation buoys (hereinafter referred to as observation buoys).

[0003] Navigational aids are markers used to indicate the direction, boundaries, and obstructions of a navigation channel. They include river crossing markers, coastal markers, guide markers, transitional guide markers, bow and stern guide markers, flank markers, port and starboard navigation markers, position markers, flood markers, and bridge and culvert markers. They are artificial markers used to guide vessels, determine their position, and indicate obstructions and warnings. They should comply with national standards such as GB 12708-1991 "Colors of Navigational Aids Light Signals", GB 15359-2021 "Standards for Lightships and Large Navigational Aids in Chinese Waters", GB 16161-2021 "Regulations on the Shape Display of Navigational Aids in Chinese Waters", GB 17381-2020 "Regulations on the Surface Color of Visual Navigational Aids", and GB 24418-2020 "Navigational Aids for Bridges in Navigable Waters of Chinese Waters". Currently, it generally consists of a beacon body and a navigation light device mounted on the beacon body. The navigation light device includes a solar panel, a battery, LED lights, a positioning module, a communication module, etc., and some are also equipped with an AIS transceiver module.

[0004] An observation buoy is a modern marine observation facility that floats on the sea surface and is anchored at a designated location to collect marine environmental data. It enables automatic data acquisition, labeling, and transmission. It should comply with national and industry standards such as GB / T14914.2-2019 "Marine Observation Specifications Part 2: Coastal Observation", GB / T 14914.3-2021 "Marine Observation Specifications Part 3: Buoy and Mooring Observation", HY / T 142-2011 "Large Marine Environmental Monitoring Buoys", and HY / T 143-2011 "Small Marine Environmental Monitoring Buoys". Currently, these systems typically consist of a beacon and observation instruments mounted on it. The instruments include solar panels, batteries, positioning modules, communication modules, marine hydrological observation modules (monitoring tides, waves, currents, sea ice, sea surface temperature, salinity, and depth), marine meteorological observation modules (monitoring wind, air pressure, air temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, sea surface visibility, clouds, fog, and weather phenomena), and other marine observation items (monitoring sea luminescence, water color, noise, irradiance, sea surface illuminance, and sea surface height). They have become the most important infrastructure for marine observation, promoting a shift in marine data acquisition methods from "survey" to "observation."

[0005] Both navigation aids and observation buoys share common components including solar panels, batteries, positioning modules, and communication modules. The positioning module uses either GPS or BeiDou positioning, while the communication module uses either 4G networks or BeiDou short message service. Both are integrated optoelectronic systems mounted on the buoy body, representing typical low-power, high-performance, miniaturized, and highly reliable unattended automated equipment. However, their functional roles differ. Generally, navigation aids do not carry marine observation equipment on observation buoys, but for safety reasons, observation buoys may carry navigation lights or AIS transceiver modules found on navigation aids.

[0006] Floating navigation aids and observation buoys, especially observation buoys carrying valuable marine observation equipment, require different approaches. Document CN111200548A discloses a 485 protocol concentrator for an RS485 bus on marine observation buoys. This concentrator consists of an embedded microprocessor, a 485 chip, a power switch, an LDO power chip, a RS232 chip, an SDI12, an address DIP switch, a 4-pin connector chip, resistors, and a resistor-pair network. It can communicate with most existing mature intelligent marine observation equipment, offering flexible data protocol parsing. Document CN111232132A discloses a control system and method for marine observation buoys. This system uses a 485 protocol concentrator on an RS485 bus to achieve data communication with intelligent equipment using different interfaces and data protocols. It offers advantages such as simple installation, easy expansion, easy maintenance, and stable communication. However, observation buoys can indeed obstruct ship navigation, making collision prevention and ensuring facility safety a critical consideration. Document CN112046683A discloses a highly stable marine buoy. By setting a buffer ring around the instrument compartment, the instruments and equipment carried on the buoy can be effectively protected against collisions. This solves the problems of weak wind and wave resistance and insufficient protection of the instrument compartment in the existing technology of marine buoys, thus greatly improving the overall stability and protection performance.

[0007] In recent years, active visibility technology has been adopted for navigational aids to aid in self-protection. Document CN109850073A discloses a buoy nighttime visibility system and method, improving the buoy's visibility at night and actively revealing it for crew identification. Document CN305995633S designs a four-pronged buoy lighthouse nighttime visibility device, combining an LED light source on the device with a sighting board on the buoy lighthouse to display the buoy's shape, increasing the illuminated area of ​​the buoy's nighttime outline and enhancing its visibility effect. Applying active visibility technology to observation buoys helps to alert passing vessels to their presence, improving their visibility and thus ensuring safety. However, to achieve this goal, it is necessary to balance the power distribution between the observation buoy's visibility device and marine observation equipment. In particular, if the visibility device can achieve a good visibility effect with less energy consumption, then the survivability of the observation buoy can obviously be significantly improved. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this invention is: an active profiling device for an ocean observation buoy, comprising an embedded microprocessor, an LED driver module, an illuminance sensor, an LED light strip, a 485 bus protocol module, an AIS receiver module, and a positioning module. The embedded microprocessor is connected to the LED driver module, the illuminance sensor, the 485 bus protocol module, the AIS receiver module, and the positioning module, respectively. The LED driver module is connected to the LED light strip. This active profiling device for the ocean observation buoy can dynamically adjust the LED driving power and on / off duration according to the distance to surrounding AIS vessels.

[0009] The active contouring device for an ocean observation buoy includes a 485 bus protocol module connected to the internal 485 bus network of the observation buoy; specifically, LED light strips are fixed on a bracket and arranged along the outer contour of the observation buoy.

[0010] The active profiling device for an ocean observation buoy has two channels for obtaining current positioning and time data: a 485 bus protocol module and a positioning module, preferably the 485 bus protocol module. The embedded microprocessor in the active profiling device obtains the positioning data packet through either of the two channels, decodes the positioning data packet, and obtains the current positioning and time data. Furthermore, if the embedded microprocessor chooses to obtain the positioning data packet through the 485 bus protocol module, it controls the positioning module to be turned off; otherwise, it controls the positioning module to be turned on.

[0011] The active profiling device for an ocean observation buoy has two modules for acquiring AIS message data packets: a 485 bus protocol module and an AIS receiving module, preferably the 485 bus protocol module. The embedded microprocessor in the active profiling device acquires the AIS message data packets through either of the two channels, decodes them, and obtains the Maritime Mobile Service Identifier (MMSI), location data, and time data. Furthermore, if the embedded microprocessor chooses to acquire the AIS message data packets through the 485 bus protocol module, it controls the AIS receiving module to be turned off; otherwise, it controls the AIS receiving module to be turned on.

[0012] The active profiling device for the marine observation buoy has two channels for controlling the LED light strip to flash on or off: a 485 bus protocol module and a light intensity sensor, preferably the 485 bus protocol module. The embedded microprocessor in the active profiling device receives a command to control the LED light strip to flash on or off via the 485 bus protocol module, and controls the LED light strip to flash on or off, while also controlling the light intensity sensor to turn off; otherwise, if no command is received from the 485 bus protocol module, the light intensity sensor is turned on, and the light intensity sensor detects day / night conditions, controlling the LED light strip to turn off during the day and controlling it to flash on during the night.

[0013] The embedded microprocessor in the active profiling device of the marine observation buoy is equipped with a timer TimerLED_ON and a timer TimerLED_Off, both measured in milliseconds, and their interrupt cycles are adjustable. When the embedded microprocessor enters the TimerLED_ON interrupt service routine, it executes the following steps: TimerLED_ON is turned off, controlling the LED driver power circuit to stop outputting, causing the LED strip to turn off; TimerLED_Off is then turned on. When the embedded microprocessor enters the TimerLED_Off interrupt service routine, it executes the following steps: TimerLED_Off is turned off, controlling the LED driver power circuit to power on, causing the LED strip to light up; TimerLED_ON is then turned on.

[0014] When the embedded microprocessor in the active profiling device of the marine observation buoy needs to control the LED light strip to turn off, it performs the following steps: controls the LED driver power circuit to stop output, causing the LED light strip to turn off, turns off the timer TimerLED_Off, and turns off the timer TimerLED_ON.

[0015] When the embedded microprocessor in the active profiling device of the marine observation buoy needs to control the LED light strip to flash, it performs the following steps: controls the LED driver power circuit to power on and output power to cause the LED light strip to light up, turns off the timer TimerLED_Off, and turns on the timer TimerLED_ON.

[0016] The embedded microprocessor in the active profiling device of the marine observation buoy has a position-time structure (nt_XYT) that consists of MMSI code, longitude, latitude, and time data, as shown in Table 1. One MMSI code corresponds to only one data record.

[0017] Table 1. Location-Time Structure:

[0018] variable name type illustrate MMSI character type A ship's MMSI code of 0 indicates that the record is empty. X floating point longitude Y floating point latitude Time Plastic Surgery Time data .

[0019] The embedded microprocessor in the active profiling device of the marine observation buoy is provided with a data buffer myXYT[m] defined by a position-time structure (nt_XYT), where m ranges from 5 to 500. Among them, myXYT[0] stores the MMSI code, longitude, latitude, and time data of the observation buoy, and myXYT[1] to myXYT[m] store the MMSI code, longitude, latitude, and time data of other ships. The initial values ​​of myXYT[1] to myXYT[m] are all 0.

[0020] The embedded microprocessor in the active profiling device of the marine observation buoy has a positioning data packet decoding module. It first checks whether the positioning data packet verification is correct; only if the verification is correct will subsequent operations be performed, namely: decoding according to the protocol to obtain the buoy's current longitude, latitude, and time data, and saving it to myXYT[0].X, myXYT[0].Y, and myXYT[0].Time; the specific steps are as follows:

[0021] R1: Verify the location data packet. If the verification is correct, proceed with the next steps; otherwise, exit this module.

[0022] R2: Decode the location data packet according to the protocol to obtain the current longitude, latitude, and time data;

[0023] R3: Saves the current longitude to myXYT[0].X, latitude to myXYT[0].Y, and time data to myXYT[0].Time. myXYT[0].MMSI is a fixed character set.

[0024] The embedded microprocessor in the active profiling device of the marine observation buoy has an AIS message data packet decoding module. First, it checks whether the AIS message data packet verification is correct. Only if the verification is correct will subsequent operations be performed, namely: decoding according to the protocol, obtaining the ship's MMSI code, longitude, latitude and time data from the data packet, and saving them to the x-th member variable myXYT[x] in the buffer myXYT[1]~myXYT[m] in either the method of adding or replacing, namely MMSI, X, Y and Time; the specific steps are as follows:

[0025] S1: Perform verification checks on AIS message data packets. If the verification is correct, proceed to the next step; otherwise, exit this module.

[0026] S2: Set a temporary object tmp defined by nt_XYT, ​​decode the AIS message data packet according to the protocol, obtain the ship's MMSI code, longitude, latitude and time data, and store them in tmp.MMSI, tmp.X, tmp.Y and tmp.Time respectively;

[0027] S3: Search for the existence of myXYT[i].MMSI=tmp.MMSI in the member variables MMSI of myXYT[1]~myXYT[m]. If it exists, perform an update and replacement operation, that is, replace all the data of myXYT[i] with the data of the temporary object tmp, and then exit this module; otherwise, execute the following steps.

[0028] S4: Find the smallest position j in myXYT[1]~myXYT[m], which satisfies myXYT[j].MMSI=0, then perform the insertion operation, that is, replace all the data in myXYT[j] with the data of the temporary object tmp.

[0029] The embedded microprocessor in the active profiling device of the marine observation buoy performs a data compliance judgment check every second. The difference between the time data of the data record and the time data of the observation buoy is used as the judgment basis. The compliance of the data records myXYT[1]~myXYT[m] is checked. If the difference is less than 6 minutes, i.e. 360 seconds, the data record is judged to be compliant and the data record is retained. Otherwise, the data record is judged to be non-compliant and the data record is deleted. The specific steps of the data compliance judgment check are as follows:

[0030] T1: myXYT[i].MMSI is not 0 (i=1~m), calculate DeltaT, DeltaT=abs(myXYT[i].Time-myXYT[0].Time);

[0031] T2: If DeltaT > 360 (seconds), then myXYT[i].MMSI = 0, that is, delete this data record;

[0032] T3: Repeat step T1 until the traversal is complete.

[0033] The embedded microprocessor in the active profiling device of the marine observation buoy contains an LED configuration structure (nt_LEDCFG), which consists of a driving power factor, on duration, and off duration, as shown in Table 2; wherein, LEDPower is an integer and dimensionless, LEDOn is an integer in milliseconds, and LEDOff is an integer in milliseconds.

[0034] Table 2 LED Configuration Structure

[0035] variable name type illustrate LEDPower Plastic Surgery Drive power factor, dimensionless LEDOn Plastic Surgery On duration, in milliseconds LEDOff Plastic Surgery Extinction duration, in milliseconds .

[0036] The embedded microprocessor in the active profiling device of the marine observation buoy is provided with a data buffer myLED[n] defined by the LED configuration structure (nt_LEDCFG), where n ranges from 10 to 600.

[0037] The embedded microprocessor in the active profiler of the aforementioned marine observation buoy executes the active profiler analysis and control module every second, with the following specific steps:

[0038] W1: Define a variable Count and a distance value array variable Distance[m]; initialize both variables to 0.

[0039] W2: Iterate through myXYT[1] to myXYT[m]. If it is a non-zero data record, use its member variables X and Y and myXYT[0].X and myXYT[0].Y to calculate the distance between the ship and the buoy, and store it in Distance[Count].Count++;

[0040] W3: Traverse Distance[0] to Distance[Count-1] and perform normalization by dividing by Knot. Knot range: 100 to 1000. The results are stored in Distance[0] to Distance[Count-1].

[0041] W4: Calculate the weighted average of Distance[0] to Distance[Count-1];

[0042] W5: Take the integer part of the result of W4;

[0043] W6: Using the result obtained in step W5 as the sequence number i, read the LED driving power, on duration, and off duration data from myLED[i].LEDPower, myLED[i].LEDOn, and myLED[i].LEDOff. Then use these values ​​to set the LED driving power circuit, the interrupt cycle of timerTimerLED_ON, and the interrupt cycle of timerTimerLED_Off, respectively.

[0044] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are: the active outreach device installed on the observation buoy can dynamically adjust the output power, on / off time, and off time of the LED light strip according to the distance of surrounding ships, achieving a better outreach effect with less energy consumption, which is beneficial for indicating the presence of buoys, warning of safe navigation, and promoting the improvement of the self-sufficiency and survivability of the observation buoy.

[0045] The objectives, features, and advantages of this invention will be described in detail through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the data compliance judgment process of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 3 This is the active contour analysis control flowchart of the present invention. Implementation

[0049] Figure 1 In the diagram, 101 is an embedded microprocessor, 102 is a 485 bus protocol module, 103 is an LED driver module, 104 is an LED light strip, 105 is an AIS receiver module, 106 is a position positioning module, and 107 is a light intensity sensor. 101 is connected to 102, 103, 105, 106, and 107 respectively, while 103 is connected to 104.

[0050] To further illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 The flowchart shown includes the following modules and steps.

[0051] Step 201: Start the data compliance assessment module and proceed to step 202;

[0052] Step 202: Set i to 1, then proceed to step 203;

[0053] Step 203: Determine if myXYT[i].MMSI is 0. If it is not 0, proceed to step 204; otherwise, proceed to step 207.

[0054] Step 204: Calculate DeltaT = abs(myXYT[i].Time - myXYT[0].Time), then proceed to step 205;

[0055] Step 205: Determine if DeltaT is greater than 360. If it is greater than 360, proceed to step 206; otherwise, proceed to step 207.

[0056] Step 206: Set myXYT[i].MMSI to 0, then proceed to step 207;

[0057] Step 207: Perform the i increment operation, then proceed to step 208;

[0058] Step 208: Determine if i is less than m. If it is less than m, proceed to step 203; otherwise, proceed to step 209.

[0059] Step 209: Exit this module.

[0060] Step 301: Start the active contour analysis control module and execute step 302;

[0061] Step 302: Set Count to 0, i to 1, clear the array Distance[m], and proceed to step 303;

[0062] Step 303: Determine if myXYT[i].MMSI is 0. If it is 0, proceed to step 306; otherwise, proceed to step 303.

[0063] Step 304: Calculation Proceed to step 305;

[0064] Step 305: Calculate Distance[Count] = int(Distance[Count] / Knot), increment Count, and proceed to step 306;

[0065] Step 306: Increment i, then proceed to step 307;

[0066] Step 307: Determine if i is less than m. If it is less than m, proceed to step 303; otherwise, proceed to step 308.

[0067] Step 308: Calculate the weighted average value of Distance[0] to Distance[Count-1], take the integer value, save it to i, and execute step 309;

[0068] Step 309: Set the LED driver power circuit by retrieving myLED[i].LEDPower, set the interrupt period of timerTimerLED_ON by retrieving myLED[i].LEDOn, and set the interrupt period of timerTimerLED_OFf by retrieving myLED[i].LEDOff; then proceed to step 310.

[0069] Step 310: Exit this module.

[0070] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that the specific embodiments described are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent modifications and variations inspired by the technical approach of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An active contouring method for an ocean observation buoy, comprising an embedded microprocessor, an LED driver module, an illuminance sensor, an LED light strip, a 485 bus protocol module, an AIS receiver module, and a positioning module, wherein, The embedded microprocessor is connected to the LED driver module, the illuminance sensor, the 485 bus protocol module, the AIS receiver module, and the positioning module, respectively; the LED driver module is connected to the LED light strip; its features are: 1) The embedded microprocessor has an internal data buffer myXYT[m] defined by the position-time structure nt_XYT, ​​where myXYT[0] stores the MMSI code, longitude, latitude and time data of the ocean observation buoy, and myXYT[1]~myXYT[m] stores the MMSI code, longitude, latitude and time data of other ships, and the range of m is 5~500; the position-time structure nt_XYT is composed of MMSI code, longitude X, latitude Y and time data Time; the initial values ​​of myXYT[1]~myXYT[m] are all 0; 2) The embedded microprocessor is provided with a data buffer myLED[n] defined by the LED configuration structure nt_LEDCFG, where n ranges from 10 to 600; the LED configuration structure nt_LEDCFG consists of a driving power factor LEDPower, a light-on duration LEDOn, and a light-off duration LEDOff, where LEDPower is an integer and dimensionless, LEDOn is an integer in milliseconds, and LEDOff is an integer in milliseconds; 3) The embedded microprocessor performs a data compliance check every second, with the following specific steps: T1: If myXYT[i].MMSI is not 0, i=1~m, calculate DeltaT, DeltaT=abs(myXYT[i].Time-myXYT[0].Time); T2: If DeltaT > 360 seconds, then myXYT[i].MMSI = 0; T3: Repeat step T1 until the traversal is complete; 4) The embedded microprocessor executes the active contour analysis control module every second, with the following specific steps: W1: Define a variable Count and a distance value array variable Distance[m]; initialize both variables to 0. W2: Iterate through myXYT[1] to myXYT[m]. If it is a non-zero data record, use its member variables X and Y and myXYT[0].X and myXYT[0].Y to calculate the distance between the ship and the buoy, and store it in Distance[Count].Count++; W3: Traverse Distance[0] to Distance[Count-1] and perform normalization by dividing by Knot. Knot range: 100 to 1000. The results are stored in Distance[0] to Distance[Count-1]. W4: Calculate the weighted average of Distance[0] to Distance[Count-1]; W5: Take the integer part of the result of W4; W6: Using the result obtained in step W5 as the sequence number i, read the LED driving power, on duration, and off duration data from myLED[i].LEDPower, myLED[i].LEDOn, and myLED[i].LEDOff. Then use these values ​​to set the LED driving power circuit, the interrupt cycle of timerTimerLED_ON, and the interrupt cycle of timerTimerLED_Off, respectively.

2. The active contouring method for an ocean observation buoy according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two channels for obtaining current location data and time data: the 485 bus protocol module and the positioning module. The embedded microprocessor obtains the positioning data packet through either of the two channels, decodes the positioning data packet, and obtains the current location data and time data. If the embedded microprocessor chooses to obtain the positioning data packet through the 485 bus protocol module, it controls the positioning module to be turned off; otherwise, it controls the positioning module to be turned on.

3. The active contouring method for an ocean observation buoy according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two modules for obtaining AIS message data packets: a 485 bus protocol module and an AIS receiving module. The embedded microprocessor, after obtaining the AIS message data packets through either of the two channels, decodes the AIS message data packets to obtain the ship's maritime mobile communication service identifier, location data, and time data. If the embedded microprocessor chooses to obtain the AIS message data packets through the 485 bus protocol module, it controls the AIS receiving module to be turned off; otherwise, it controls the AIS receiving module to be turned on.

4. The active contouring method for an ocean observation buoy according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two channels for controlling the LED strip to blink on or off: a 485 bus protocol module and a light intensity sensor. If the embedded microprocessor receives a command to control the LED strip to blink on or off via the 485 bus protocol module, it controls the LED strip to blink on or off and also controls the light intensity sensor to turn off. If it does not receive a command to control the LED strip via the 485 bus protocol module, it controls the light intensity sensor to turn on, which detects daytime and nighttime conditions. During the day, it controls the LED strip to turn off, and at night, it controls the LED strip to blink on.

5. The active contouring method for an ocean observation buoy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The embedded microprocessor is equipped with one timer (TimerLED_ON) and one timer (TimerLED_Off), both measured in milliseconds, and their interrupt cycles are adjustable. When the embedded microprocessor enters the TimerLED_ON interrupt service routine, it executes the following steps: turning off TimerLED_ON, controlling the LED driver power circuit to stop outputting power, causing the LED strip to turn off, and turning on TimerLED_Off. When the embedded microprocessor enters the TimerLED_Off interrupt service routine, it executes the following steps: turning off TimerLED_Off, controlling the LED driver power circuit to power on outputting power, causing the LED strip to light up, and turning on TimerLED_ON.

6. The active contouring method for an ocean observation buoy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The embedded microprocessor has an AIS message data packet decoding module, and the specific steps are as follows: S1: Perform verification checks on AIS message data packets. If the verification is correct, proceed to the next step; otherwise, exit this module. S2: Set a temporary object tmp defined by nt_XYT, ​​decode the AIS message data packet according to the protocol, obtain the ship's MMSI code, longitude, latitude and time data, and store them in tmp.MMSI, tmp.X, tmp.Y and tmp.Time respectively; S3: Search the member variables myXYT[1] to myXYT[m] for whether myXYT[i].MMSI=tmp.MMSI exists. If it exists, perform an update and replacement operation, that is, replace all the data of myXYT[i] with the data of the temporary object tmp, and then exit this module; otherwise, execute the following steps. S4: Find the smallest position j in myXYT[1]~myXYT[m], which satisfies myXYT[j].MMSI=0, then perform the insertion operation, that is, replace all the data in myXYT[j] with the data of the temporary object tmp.

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