Fuel cell system and vehicle

Abstract

The application provides a fuel cell system and a vehicle. The fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell, a heat exchanger and a system exhaust port. The fuel cell comprises an air inlet and an air outlet. The heat exchanger comprises at least two channels for heat exchange, which comprise a first channel and a second channel. One end of the first channel is used for air to enter, and the other end is connected with the air inlet. One end of the second channel is communicated with the air outlet, and the other end is connected with the system exhaust port. The air and the gas discharged from the air outlet of the fuel cell can be subjected to heat exchange in the heat exchanger, so that the heat of the gas discharged from the air outlet of the fuel cell can be used to heat the entering air, and the time for the fuel cell to reach the optimal working temperature is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a fuel cell system and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] A fuel cell is a chemical device that can directly convert the chemical energy of fuel into electrical energy. When the ambient temperature of the fuel cell is low, the water inside may freeze, resulting in a longer cold start time and lower efficiency, and the fuel cell cannot output rated power for a short period of time. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a fuel cell system and vehicle to solve at least some of the problems in the related art.

[0004] This application provides a fuel cell system, including:

[0005] The fuel cell includes an air inlet and an air outlet;

[0006] A heat exchanger comprising at least two channels for heat exchange, the at least two channels including a first channel and a second channel; one end of the first channel is for air intake, and the other end is connected to the air inlet; and

[0007] The system exhaust port has one end connected to the air outlet and the other end connected to the system exhaust port.

[0008] Furthermore, the fuel cell includes a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet; the at least two channels include a third channel, one end of which is used for hydrogen inlet and the other end is connected to the hydrogen inlet.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a first hydrogen exhaust channel, a second hydrogen exhaust channel, and a hydrogen exhaust valve; one end of the first hydrogen exhaust channel is connected to the hydrogen outlet, and the other end is connected to the hydrogen inlet; one end of the second hydrogen exhaust channel is connected to the hydrogen outlet, and the other end is connected to the system exhaust port.

[0010] The second hydrogen exhaust channel is equipped with the hydrogen exhaust valve; when the hydrogen exhaust valve is in the open state, the hydrogen outlet is connected to the system exhaust port.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a water separator; the hydrogen outlet is connected to the inlet of the water separator; the outlet of the water separator is connected to the first hydrogen exhaust channel and the second hydrogen exhaust channel;

[0012] It also includes a drain valve. A drain channel is provided at the lower end of the water distributor, and the drain valve is disposed in the drain channel; and / or

[0013] It also includes a one-way valve disposed in the first hydrogen exhaust channel. The one-way valve has a first end and a second end. The one-way valve is unidirectionally open from the first end to the second end. The first end is connected to the outlet of the water distributor, and the second end is connected to the hydrogen inlet.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a system air inlet, an air inlet three-way valve, a first temperature sensor, and a controller; the air inlet three-way valve includes a first port, a second port, and a third port; one end of the first channel is connected to the system air inlet for air intake, and the other end is connected to the first port; the system air inlet is connected to the second port; the third port is connected to the air inlet; when the air inlet three-way valve is in a first state, the first port is connected to the third port; when the air inlet three-way valve is in a second state, the second port is connected to the third port;

[0015] The first temperature sensor is located between the third port and the air inlet and is used to detect the air temperature. The first temperature sensor is electrically connected to the controller, which is used to control the switching of the intake three-way valve between the first state and the second state according to the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor. When the first temperature sensor detects that the temperature exceeds the first set temperature, the controller controls the intake three-way valve to switch from the first state to the second state.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes an air compressor, an intercooler, a solenoid valve, and a coolant pipeline; the air compressor is connected between the third port and the first temperature sensor, and the intercooler is connected between the first temperature sensor and the air inlet; one end of the coolant pipeline is for coolant to enter, and the other end passes through the intercooler and extends outside the intercooler; the solenoid valve is disposed in the coolant pipeline;

[0017] The controller is used to control the solenoid valve to switch between an open state and a closed state based on the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor; when the first temperature sensor detects that the temperature exceeds a second set temperature, the controller controls the solenoid valve to switch from a closed state to an open state; wherein the second set temperature is greater than the first set temperature.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a second temperature sensor, which is disposed in the coolant pipeline and is used to detect the temperature of the coolant in the coolant pipeline; the controller is used to control the solenoid valve to switch between an open state and a closed state based on the temperatures detected by the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor.

[0019] When the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor is lower than the third set temperature and the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor is higher than the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor, the solenoid valve is controlled to remain open; when the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor is lower than the third set temperature and the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor is lower than the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor, the solenoid valve is controlled to switch to the closed state; wherein, the third set temperature is less than the second set temperature and greater than or equal to the first set temperature.

[0020] Further, it includes an air intake pipe, a first air exhaust pipe, and a humidifier; one end of the air intake pipe is used for air intake, and the other end is connected to the air inlet; one end of the first air exhaust pipe is connected to the air outlet, and the other end is connected to the system exhaust port; wherein, the air intake pipe and the first air exhaust pipe pass through the humidifier.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes a second air exhaust pipe, an air flow meter, a controller, and a throttle valve. The air flow meter is disposed in the air intake pipe, and the throttle valve is disposed in the second air exhaust pipe. One end of the second air exhaust pipe is connected to the air intake pipe, and the other end is connected to the system exhaust port. When the throttle valve is in the open state, the two ends of the second air exhaust pipe are connected.

[0022] The controller is used to control the throttle valve to switch between an open state and a closed state based on the air flow detected by the air flow meter; when the air flow meter detects that the air flow exceeds the set flow, it controls the throttle valve to switch from the closed state to the open state.

[0023] This application provides a vehicle that includes a fuel cell system as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0024] The fuel cell system provided in this application includes a fuel cell, a heat exchanger, and a system exhaust port. The fuel cell includes an air inlet and an air outlet. The heat exchanger includes at least two channels for heat exchange, comprising a first channel and a second channel. One end of the first channel is for air intake, and the other end is connected to the air inlet. One end of the second channel is connected to the air outlet, and the other end is connected to the system exhaust port. The incoming air can pass through the first channel, and the gas discharged from the fuel cell's air outlet can pass through the second channel, allowing heat exchange between the air and the gas discharged from the fuel cell's air outlet within the heat exchanger. This utilizes the heat from the gas discharged from the fuel cell's air outlet to heat the incoming air, shortening the time it takes for the fuel cell to reach its optimal operating temperature and enabling effective utilization of the gas discharged from the fuel cell's air outlet, thereby improving the output efficiency of the fuel cell system.

[0025] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0027] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the intake three-way valve of a fuel cell system in an exemplary embodiment of this application when it is in the first state.

[0028] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the intake three-way valve of a fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment of this application when it is in the second state. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0030] The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should be understood in their ordinary sense by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this application specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms "a" or "one," etc., do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. "A plurality" or "several" indicates two or more. Unless otherwise indicated, the terms "front," "rear," "lower," and / or "upper," etc., are for ease of description only and are not limited to a location or spatial orientation. The terms "comprising" or "including," etc., mean that the elements or objects preceding "comprising" or "including" encompass the elements or objects listed following "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. The terms "connected," "linked," etc., are not limited to physical or mechanical connections and can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0031] The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0032] This application provides a fuel cell system and its control method. The fuel cell system and control method of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the features in the following embodiments and implementations can be combined with each other.

[0033] See Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this application provides a fuel cell system 10, including a fuel cell 11, a heat exchanger 12, and a system exhaust port 13. The fuel cell system 10 can be applied to a vehicle. The fuel cell 11 includes an air inlet 14 and an air outlet 15. Air can enter the fuel cell 11 through the air inlet 14 and exit the fuel cell 11 through the air outlet 15. Optionally, a muffler can be provided at the air outlet 15 of the fuel cell 11 to reduce the noise of the fuel cell system 10. The heat exchanger 12 includes at least two channels 16 for heat exchange. It is understood that the number of channels 16 can be two, three, or more. When the number of channels 16 is two, the heat exchanger 12 can be a dual-chamber heat exchanger; when the number of channels 16 is three, the heat exchanger 12 can be a triple-chamber heat exchanger. The channels 16 within the heat exchanger 12 can be independently configured to prevent cross-contamination between incoming and outgoing air, and between air and hydrogen. The at least two channels 16 include a first channel 17 and a second channel 18. One end of the first channel 17 is for air intake, and the other end is connected to the air inlet 14. The air can come from the external environment. Air can enter from one end of the first channel 17, and after passing through the first channel 17, it can enter the fuel cell 11 through the air inlet 14, react inside the fuel cell 11, and then be discharged through the air outlet 15. One end of the second channel 18 is connected to the air outlet 15, and the other end is connected to the system exhaust port 13. The discharged gas can pass through the second channel 18 and be discharged outside the system exhaust port 13. Specifically, the incoming air can pass through the first channel 17, and the gas discharged from the air outlet 15 of the fuel cell 11 can pass through the second channel 18. Because the temperature of the gas discharged from the fuel cell 11 is higher than that of the incoming air, heat exchange can occur between the air and the gas discharged from the air outlet 15 of the fuel cell 11 in the heat exchanger 12. Thus, during a cold start-up of the fuel cell 11 at low temperatures, the heat from the gas discharged from the air outlet 15 can be used to heat the incoming air, increasing its temperature and shortening the time it takes for the fuel cell 11 to reach its optimal operating temperature, thereby reducing the cold start-up time. Furthermore, the gas discharged from the air outlet 15 of the fuel cell 11 can be effectively utilized, improving the output efficiency of the fuel cell system 10. This reduces the time the fuel cell 11 operates in its inefficient region.

[0034] In some embodiments, the fuel cell 11 includes a hydrogen inlet 19 and a hydrogen outlet 20. Hydrogen can enter the fuel cell 11 through the hydrogen inlet 19 and exit the fuel cell 11 through the hydrogen outlet 20. At least two channels 16 include a third channel 21. The first channel 17, the second channel 18, and the third channel 21 are each independently configured. One end of the third channel 21 is for hydrogen entry, and the other end is connected to the hydrogen inlet 19. Hydrogen can enter from one end of the third channel 21, and after passing through the third channel 21, it can enter the fuel cell 11 through the hydrogen inlet 19, react within the fuel cell 11, and then exit through the hydrogen outlet 20. The entering hydrogen can pass through the third channel 21, and the gas exiting the air outlet 15 of the fuel cell 11 can pass through the second channel 18. This allows the hydrogen, air, and the gas exiting the air outlet 15 of the fuel cell 11 to exchange heat in the heat exchanger 12. Thus, during a cold start at low temperatures, the heat from the gas discharged from the air outlet 15 of the fuel cell 11 can be used to heat the incoming air and hydrogen, further shortening the time it takes for the fuel cell 11 to reach its optimal operating temperature. Since the intake volume of air is larger than that of hydrogen, and the temperature of hydrogen is significantly lower at the hydrogen inlet 19 after being depressurized from the high pressure at the front end, using the heat from the gas discharged from the air outlet 15 to heat the air and hydrogen can improve the thermal efficiency of the fuel cell system 10.

[0035] In some embodiments, the fuel cell system 10 further includes a first hydrogen exhaust passage 22, a second hydrogen exhaust passage 23, and a hydrogen exhaust valve 24. One end of the first hydrogen exhaust passage 22 is connected to a hydrogen outlet 20, and the other end is connected to a hydrogen inlet 19. Hydrogen can be discharged through the hydrogen outlet 20, and hydrogen can return to the hydrogen inlet 19 through the first hydrogen exhaust passage 22 for recycling. Optionally, the fuel cell system 10 further includes a hydrogen circulation pump 27 disposed in the first hydrogen exhaust passage 22, which can accelerate the hydrogen circulation speed. One end of the second hydrogen exhaust passage 23 is connected to the hydrogen outlet 20, and the other end is connected to the system exhaust port 13. Hydrogen can be discharged through the hydrogen outlet 20, and hydrogen can be discharged to the system exhaust port 13 through the second hydrogen exhaust passage 23. The second hydrogen exhaust passage 23 is provided with a hydrogen exhaust valve 24. When the hydrogen exhaust valve 24 is in the open state, the second hydrogen exhaust passage 23 is connected to the system exhaust port 13. When the hydrogen exhaust valve 24 is open, hydrogen can be discharged outside the fuel cell system 10 through the second hydrogen exhaust channel 23, thereby reducing the hydrogen pressure in the first hydrogen exhaust channel 22. The hydrogen exhaust valve 24 can be switched from closed to open when the fuel cell system 10 shuts down or when the hydrogen inlet pressure of the fuel cell 11 exceeds a set value.

[0036] In some embodiments, the fuel cell system 10 further includes a water separator 25 and a drain valve 26. A hydrogen outlet 20 is connected to the inlet of the water separator 25, which separates moisture from the hydrogen discharged from the outlet 20. The outlet of the water separator 25 is connected to a first hydrogen exhaust passage 22 and a second hydrogen exhaust passage 23, allowing the separated moisture to enter both passages. A drain passage 28 is provided at the lower end of the water separator 25, and a drain valve 26 is located within this passage. When the drain valve 26 is open, the separated water can be discharged outside the fuel cell system 10.

[0037] In some embodiments, the fuel cell system 10 further includes a one-way valve 29 disposed in the first hydrogen exhaust passage 22. The one-way valve 29 has a first end and a second end, and the one-way valve 29 is unidirectionally open from the first end to the second end. The first end of the one-way valve 29 is connected to the outlet of the water distributor 25, and the second end of the one-way valve 29 is connected to the hydrogen inlet 19. The second end of the one-way valve 29 can be connected to a hydrogen circulation pump 27, which is connected to the hydrogen inlet 19. This facilitates the discharge of hydrogen from the hydrogen outlet 20.

[0038] In some embodiments, the fuel cell system 10 further includes a system air inlet 30, an intake three-way valve 31, a first temperature sensor 32, and a controller (not shown). The intake three-way valve 31 includes a first port 33, a second port 34, and a third port 35. One end of the first channel 17 is connected to the system air inlet 30 for air intake, and the other end is connected to the first port 33. The system air inlet 30 is connected to the second port 34. The third port 35 is connected to the air inlet 14. Figure 1 As shown, when the intake three-way valve 31 is in the first state, the first port 33 and the third port 35 are connected, allowing air entering through the system intake port 30 to enter from one end of the first channel 17, and after passing through the first channel 17, enter the fuel cell 11 through the air intake port 14. At this time, the incoming air and the gas discharged from the air outlet 15 of the fuel cell 11 can exchange heat in the heat exchanger 12, which can be understood as activating heat exchange. Figure 2As shown, when the intake three-way valve 31 is in the second state, the second port 34 and the third port 35 are connected, allowing the air entering through the system intake port 30 to directly enter the fuel cell 11 through the air intake port 14 without passing through the first channel 17. In this state, the incoming air and the gas exiting through the air outlet 15 of the fuel cell 11 do not exchange heat; this can be understood as heat exchange being closed. The first temperature sensor 32 is located between the third port 35 and the air intake port 14 and is used to detect the air temperature. The first temperature sensor 32 is electrically connected to the controller, which controls the switching of the intake three-way valve 31 between the first and second states based on the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 32. When the first temperature sensor 32 detects a temperature exceeding a first set temperature, the controller controls the intake three-way valve 31 to switch from the first state to the second state. Thus, the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 32 can be used to control the switching of the intake three-way valve 31 between the first and second states, thereby enabling or disabling heat exchange. The heat exchanger can be turned on when the temperature is low and turned off when the temperature is high, so as to ensure that the fuel cell 11 can operate within the optimal temperature range and prevent the incoming air temperature from being too high and damaging the fuel cell 11.

[0039] In some other embodiments, when the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 32 exceeds the first set temperature but is less than or equal to the sum of the first set temperature and the allowable temperature fluctuation value, the intake three-way valve 31 remains in the first state; when the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 32 exceeds the sum of the first set temperature and the allowable temperature fluctuation value, the intake three-way valve 31 is controlled to switch to the second state. This avoids the problem of the intake three-way valve switching between the first and second states due to temperature fluctuations.

[0040] In some embodiments, the fuel cell system 10 further includes an air compressor 36, an intercooler 37, a solenoid valve 45, and a coolant line 46. The air compressor 36 pressurizes the air, and the intercooler 37 lowers the air temperature when it is high and heats it when it is low. The air compressor 36 is connected between a third port 35 and a first temperature sensor 32, and the intercooler 37 is connected between the first temperature sensor 32 and an air inlet 14. Air discharged from the third port 35 passes sequentially through the air compressor 36, the first temperature sensor 32, and the intercooler 37 before entering the air inlet 14. One end of the coolant line 46 is for coolant inlet, and the other end passes through the intercooler 37 and extends beyond it. The coolant line 46 can be connected to a thermal management line extending into the fuel cell 11. This allows the coolant to be heated when its temperature is low, and then maintained within the optimal operating temperature range of the fuel cell after reaching a certain temperature, thus ensuring high fuel cell efficiency. A solenoid valve 45 is installed in the coolant line 46. When the solenoid valve 45 is open, coolant can enter the coolant line 46, pass through the intercooler 37, and cool the air entering the intercooler 37 at high temperatures and heat it at low temperatures. When the solenoid valve 45 is closed, coolant stops entering the coolant line 46. The controller controls the solenoid valve 45 to switch between open and closed states based on the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 32, to determine whether the intercooler 37 dissipates heat. When the first temperature sensor 32 detects a temperature exceeding a second set temperature, the controller controls the solenoid valve 45 to switch from closed to open, allowing coolant to enter the coolant line 46 and enabling the intercooler 37 to dissipate heat from the air. The second set temperature is greater than the first set temperature. Since the air temperature will rise after passing through the air compressor 36, the solenoid valve 45 can be switched between open and closed states based on the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 32, so as to control whether the intercooler 37 dissipates heat from the air, so as to ensure that the fuel cell 11 can operate within the optimal temperature range, thereby preventing the high temperature of the incoming air from damaging the fuel cell 11.

[0041] In some embodiments, the fuel cell system 10 further includes a second temperature sensor 47 disposed in the coolant line 46 for detecting the temperature of the coolant within the coolant line 46. The controller controls the solenoid valve to switch between an open and closed state based on the temperatures detected by the first temperature sensor 32 and the second temperature sensor 47. When the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 32 is lower than a third set temperature and the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 47 is higher than the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 32, the solenoid valve 45 is kept open. Since the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 47 is higher than the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 32, the temperature of the coolant within the coolant line 46 can be used to heat the air. When the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 32 is lower than the third set temperature and the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 47 is lower than the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 32, the solenoid valve 45 is switched to a closed state to stop the coolant from entering the coolant line 46 and to stop the intercooler 37 from dissipating heat from the air. The third set temperature is lower than the second set temperature but greater than or equal to the first set temperature, thus ensuring that the fuel cell 11 operates within its optimal temperature range.

[0042] In this embodiment, the fuel cell system 10 is applied to a vehicle. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the controller can respond to the vehicle start signal by controlling the intake three-way valve to switch to the first state, so that the first port 33 and the third port 35 are connected. Air can enter from one end of the first channel 17, and after passing through the first channel 17, it can sequentially pass through the air compressor 36, the first temperature sensor 32, and the intercooler 37 before entering the fuel cell 11 through the air intake port 14, reacting inside the fuel cell 11, and then being discharged through the air outlet 15. At this time, the solenoid valve 45 is in the closed state, and the intercooler 37 does not dissipate heat from the air. Figure 2 As shown, since the air compressor 36 and the gas from the second channel 18 heat the air, when the first temperature sensor detects that the temperature exceeds the sum of the first set temperature and the allowable temperature fluctuation value, the controller controls the intake three-way valve 31 to switch from the first state to the second state, so that the second port 34 and the third port 35 are connected. Because the air compressor 36 continues to heat the air, the air temperature will continuously rise. When the first temperature sensor 32 detects that the temperature exceeds the second set temperature, the controller controls the solenoid valve 45 to switch from the closed state to the open state, so that the intercooler 37 can dissipate heat from the air to lower its temperature. When the first temperature sensor 32 detects that the temperature is lower than the second set temperature, and the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 47 is lower than the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 32, the controller controls the solenoid valve 45 to switch to the closed state to prevent the air temperature from continuing to decrease. This ensures that the fuel cell 11 can operate within its optimal temperature range.

[0043] In some embodiments, the fuel cell system 10 includes an air intake duct 38, a first air exhaust duct 39, and a humidifier 40. The humidifier 40 humidifies the air entering through the air intake duct 14 of the fuel cell 11, keeping the humidity at the air intake duct 14 within a certain range to improve the operating efficiency of the fuel cell 11. One end of the air intake duct 38 is used for air intake, and the other end is connected to the air intake duct 14. One end of the first air exhaust duct 39 is connected to the air outlet 15. The air intake duct 38 and the first air exhaust duct 39 pass through the humidifier 40. This allows the humidified gas discharged from the air outlet 15 of the fuel cell 11 to humidify the air entering through the air intake duct 38, making the overall structure of the fuel cell system 10 more compact.

[0044] In some embodiments, the fuel cell system 10 further includes an air filter 44 disposed in the air intake duct 38. The air filter 44 may be a chemical air filter, which can filter acidic gases and dust impurities in the air entering the fuel cell 11.

[0045] In some embodiments, the fuel cell system 10 further includes a second air exhaust pipe 41, an air flow meter 42, and a throttle valve 43. The air flow meter 42 is disposed in the air intake pipe 38 and can be used to detect the air flow rate within the air intake pipe 38. The throttle valve 43 is disposed in the second air exhaust pipe 41, one end of which is connected to the air intake pipe 38, and the other end is connected to the system exhaust port 13. When the throttle valve 43 is in the open state, both ends of the second air exhaust pipe 41 are connected. The controller is used to control the throttle valve 43 to switch between an open and closed state based on the air flow rate detected by the air flow meter 42. When the air flow meter 42 detects that the air flow rate exceeds a set flow rate, it controls the throttle valve 43 to switch from the closed state to the open state. The throttle valve can be controlled to switch between a closed and open state based on the air flow rate detected by the air flow meter 42. When the air flow rate is high, the throttle valve 43 can be opened to discharge the gas from the air intake pipe 38 to the system exhaust port 13.

[0046] This application provides a vehicle including a fuel cell system 10. It should be noted that the description of the fuel cell system 10 in the above embodiments and implementations also applies to the vehicle of this application. In some embodiments, the vehicle further includes a hydrogen supply system connected to the fuel cell system 10, used to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen inlet 19 of the fuel cell 11.

[0047] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the following claims.

[0048] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fuel cell system, characterized in that, include: The fuel cell includes an air inlet and an air outlet; A heat exchanger comprising at least two channels for heat exchange, the at least two channels including a first channel and a second channel; one end of the first channel is for air intake, and the other end is connected to the air inlet; and The system exhaust port, one end of the second channel is connected to the air outlet, and the other end is connected to the system exhaust port; It also includes a system air inlet, an air inlet three-way valve, a first temperature sensor, and a controller; the air inlet three-way valve includes a first port, a second port, and a third port; one end of the first channel is connected to the system air inlet for air intake, and the other end is connected to the first port; the system air inlet is connected to the second port; the third port is connected to the air inlet; when the air inlet three-way valve is in a first state, the first port is connected to the third port; when the air inlet three-way valve is in a second state, the second port is connected to the third port. The first temperature sensor is located between the third port and the air inlet and is used to detect the air temperature; the first temperature sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is used to control the switching of the intake three-way valve between the first state and the second state according to the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor; when the first temperature sensor detects that the temperature exceeds the first set temperature, the controller controls the intake three-way valve to switch from the first state to the second state; It also includes an air compressor, an intercooler, a solenoid valve, and a coolant pipeline; the air compressor is connected between the third port and the first temperature sensor, and the intercooler is connected between the first temperature sensor and the air inlet; one end of the coolant pipeline is for coolant to enter, and the other end passes through the intercooler and extends outside the intercooler; the solenoid valve is located in the coolant pipeline; The controller is used to control the solenoid valve to switch between an open state and a closed state based on the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor; when the first temperature sensor detects that the temperature exceeds a second set temperature, the controller controls the solenoid valve to switch from a closed state to an open state; wherein the second set temperature is greater than the first set temperature.

2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fuel cell includes a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet; the at least two channels include a third channel, one end of which is used for hydrogen inlet and the other end is connected to the hydrogen inlet.

3. The fuel cell system according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a first hydrogen exhaust channel, a second hydrogen exhaust channel, and a hydrogen exhaust valve; one end of the first hydrogen exhaust channel is connected to the hydrogen outlet, and the other end is connected to the hydrogen inlet; one end of the second hydrogen exhaust channel is connected to the hydrogen outlet, and the other end is connected to the system exhaust port. The second hydrogen exhaust channel is equipped with the hydrogen exhaust valve; when the hydrogen exhaust valve is in the open state, the hydrogen outlet is connected to the system exhaust port.

4. The fuel cell system according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a water separator; the hydrogen outlet is connected to the inlet of the water separator; the outlet of the water separator is connected to the first hydrogen exhaust channel and the second hydrogen exhaust channel; It also includes a drain valve; the lower end of the water distributor is provided with a drain channel, and the drain valve is disposed in the drain channel; and / or It also includes a one-way valve disposed in the first hydrogen exhaust channel. The one-way valve has a first end and a second end. The one-way valve is unidirectionally open from the first end to the second end. The first end is connected to the outlet of the water distributor, and the second end is connected to the hydrogen inlet.

5. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second temperature sensor, which is disposed in the coolant pipeline and is used to detect the temperature of the coolant in the coolant pipeline; the controller is used to control the solenoid valve to switch between an open state and a closed state based on the temperatures detected by the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor. When the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor is lower than the third set temperature and the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor is higher than the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor, the solenoid valve is controlled to remain open; when the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor is lower than the third set temperature and the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor is lower than the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor, the solenoid valve is controlled to switch to the closed state; the third set temperature is less than the second set temperature and greater than or equal to the first set temperature.

6. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes an air intake pipe, a first air exhaust pipe, and a humidifier; one end of the air intake pipe is used for air intake, and the other end is connected to the air inlet; one end of the first air exhaust pipe is connected to the air outlet, and the other end is connected to the system exhaust port; wherein, the air intake pipe and the first air exhaust pipe pass through the humidifier.

7. The fuel cell system according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a second air exhaust pipe, an air flow meter, a controller, and a throttle valve. The air flow meter is installed in the air intake pipe, and the throttle valve is installed in the second air exhaust pipe. One end of the second air exhaust pipe is connected to the air intake pipe, and the other end is connected to the system exhaust port. When the throttle valve is in the open state, the two ends of the second air exhaust pipe are connected. The controller is used to control the throttle valve to switch between an open state and a closed state based on the air flow detected by the air flow meter; When the air flow meter detects that the air flow exceeds the set flow rate, it controls the throttle valve to switch from the closed state to the open state.

8. A vehicle, characterized in that, Including the fuel cell system as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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