A compact waveguide cavity multi-way coupler

Abstract

The invention discloses a compact waveguide cavity multi-way coupler, which is used in the technical field of electromagnetic wave elements, and includes a main waveguide, a coupling branch and a multi-way power distributor; the main waveguide includes at least one section of main input waveguide and a main empty waveguide installed on the same axis and at least one section of main output waveguide; the main input waveguide is connected with the main output waveguide through a main empty waveguide; the coupling branch includes a coupling branch empty waveguide and a coupling end empty waveguide connected on a perpendicular axis to the main waveguide installation axis; the main empty waveguide and the coupling branch empty waveguide are connected through a coupling hole, and the main empty waveguide is perpendicular to the coupling branch empty waveguide; the multi-way power distributor is connected with the coupling end empty waveguide of the coupling branch through a connecting device; and the output end of the multi-way power distributor is provided with at least two coaxial coupling ports. The main waveguide and the coupling branch are cross-coupled to achieve miniaturization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic wave components, and in particular to a compact waveguide cavity multi-way coupler. Background Art

[0002] Waveguide cavity couplers have important applications in satellite communications, power synthesis, RF accelerators, and microwave heating due to their low insertion loss and high power capacity. Traditional waveguide couplers have fixed standard waveguide apertures. When multiple signals need to be coupled, the coupling port spacing must be greater than the width of the waveguide port cross section, and the input and output directions must be greater than the sum of the widths of the cross section. Due to the large size of the waveguide, the input and output dimensions of the multi-channel coupler formed by it are longer. In many applications, the dimensions of this coupler are too long to meet the requirements. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a compact waveguide cavity multi-way coupler, which adopts a cross-coupling method for the main waveguide and the coupling branch, and the empty waveguide at the coupling end is connected to the multi-way power distributor through a connecting tube, so that the standing wave ratio of the coaxial coupling port is small and the overall size of the entire coupler is small, which is suitable for occasions with high requirements on the size and performance of the coupler.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A compact waveguide cavity multi-channel coupler comprises a main channel waveguide, a coupling branch and a multi-channel power divider;

[0006] The main waveguide includes at least one section of main input waveguide and main empty waveguide installed on the same axis and at least one section of main output waveguide; the main input waveguide is connected with the main output waveguide through the main empty waveguide;

[0007] The coupling branch includes a coupling branch empty waveguide and a coupling end empty waveguide connected to each other on a direction perpendicular to the main waveguide installation axis; miniaturization design is achieved.

[0008] The main empty waveguide and the coupling branch empty waveguide are connected through the coupling hole, and the main empty waveguide is perpendicular to the coupling branch empty waveguide;

[0009] The multi-channel power distributor is connected to the coupling end empty waveguide of the coupling branch through a connecting device; and the output end of the multi-channel power distributor is provided with at least two coaxial coupling ports.

[0010] Furthermore, in order to realize multi-way coupling, the multi-way power divider includes a plurality of microstrip lines. According to the required multi-way conditions, the microstrip lines can be in the form of multi-way power dividers. If the multi-way coupling requirements are different, unequal power dividers can be used. The input end of each microstrip line is connected to a connecting device.

[0011] Furthermore, in order to improve the electrical performance index of the coupling port, chip resistors are welded between the microstrip lines to improve the standing wave ratio and coupling flatness of the coupling port. The common end of the output ends of several microstrip lines is provided with a chip resistor, and the output end of each microstrip line is connected to the corresponding coaxial coupling port of each microstrip line through the chip resistor.

[0012] Furthermore, the waveguide cavity multi-way coupler also includes a cavity, a microstrip substrate is welded on the bottom surface of the cavity, a microstrip line is welded on the microstrip substrate, and the communicating vessel penetrates the cavity and the microstrip substrate and is connected to the microstrip line.

[0013] Furthermore, in order to reduce the size of the cavity, the microstrip line is welded on the microstrip substrate in a bending and folding manner to reduce the size.

[0014] Furthermore, the cavity is vertically arranged above the empty waveguide at the coupling end and parallel to the main waveguide, and the communicating vessel is perpendicular to the plane where the wide side of the empty waveguide at the coupling end is located.

[0015] Furthermore, the coupling branch also includes an isolation end waveguide located perpendicular to the installation axis of the main waveguide, and the isolation end waveguide and the coupling end empty waveguide are connected through the coupling branch empty waveguide.

[0016] Furthermore, microwave absorbing material is arranged in the isolation end waveguide.

[0017] Furthermore, the isolation end waveguide is externally connected to a waveguide load.

[0018] Furthermore, the communicating vessel comprises a glass insulator or a probe, and the probe comprises a circular, square or other polygonal probe.

[0019] The present invention has the beneficial effects:

[0020] The present invention discloses a compact waveguide cavity multi-way coupler, which includes a main waveguide and a coupling branch, and the coupling branch empty waveguide is perpendicular to the main empty waveguide, and cross-coupling is adopted to realize miniaturization, and a hole is opened at the wide side of the empty waveguide at the coupling end to communicate with the microstrip line in the cavity through a connecting vessel; for the convenience of processing, a vertical hole is opened at the wide side of the empty waveguide at the coupling end; the coupling port is connected to the multi-way power divider by a glass insulator or a probe, thereby realizing a compact coupler with a small volume, wide bandwidth, low insertion loss and high power capacity. The multi-way power divider adopts microstrip lines to realize the effect of a multi-way power divider, and in order to reduce the size of the cavity, the microstrip lines are bent and folded to reduce the size. In order to improve the electrical performance index of the coupling port, chip resistors are welded between the microstrip lines to improve the standing wave ratio and coupling flatness of the coupling port. This compact multi-way coupler can be used in occasions where the size and electric energy index of the coupler are required to be high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-way coupler provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 A top view of a multi-way coupler provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 A front view of a multi-way coupler provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a coupling curve of a multi-way coupler provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] The corresponding names in the attached drawings are:

[0026] 1-main input waveguide, 2-main empty waveguide, 3-main output waveguide, 4-isolation end waveguide, 5-coupling branch empty waveguide, 6-coupling end empty waveguide, 7-coupling hole, 8-connecting device, 9-cavity, 10-microstrip substrate, 11-multi-way power divider, 12-chip resistor, 13-coaxial coupling port, 14-connecting device via hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] The relative arrangement of components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise.

[0029] At the same time, it should be understood that for the convenience of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship.

[0030] Additionally, descriptions of well-known structures, functions, and configurations may be omitted for clarity and conciseness.One of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications may be made to the examples described herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

[0031] Technologies, methods, and apparatus known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such technologies, methods, and apparatus should be considered part of the authorization specification.

[0032] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a compact waveguide cavity multi-way coupler, including a main waveguide, a coupling branch and a multi-way power divider 11; the main waveguide and the coupling branch are isolated from each other and the common wall (broadside overlap area) intersects vertically;

[0035] The main waveguide includes at least one section of main input waveguide 1 and main empty waveguide 2 and at least one section of main output waveguide 3 installed on the same axis; the main input waveguide 1 is connected with the main output waveguide 3 through the main empty waveguide 2;

[0036] The coupling branch includes a coupling branch empty waveguide 5 and a coupling end empty waveguide 6 which are connected and located perpendicular to the main waveguide installation axis; the main empty waveguide 2 and the coupling branch empty waveguide 5 are connected through a coupling hole 7, and the main empty waveguide 2 is perpendicular to the coupling branch empty waveguide 5; it can be seen from the figure that the coupling hole 7 is shaped like a cross hole, which realizes the cross-coupling of the main waveguide and the coupling branch, and the multi-channel power divider 11 is connected to the coupling end empty waveguide 6 of the coupling branch through the connecting vessel 8; the output end of the multi-channel power divider 11 is provided with at least two coaxial coupling ports 13.

[0037] The coupling branch also includes an isolation end waveguide 4 located perpendicular to the main waveguide installation axis, and the isolation end waveguide 4 is connected to the coupling end empty waveguide 6 through the coupling branch empty waveguide 5. Microwave absorbing material is arranged inside the isolation end waveguide 4 or a waveguide load is externally connected. The communication vessel 8 includes a glass insulator or a probe, and the probe includes a circular, square or other polygonal probe.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, in order to realize multi-way coupling, the multi-way power divider 11 includes a plurality of microstrip lines. According to the required multi-way conditions, the microstrip line can be in the form of a multi-way power divider. If the multi-way coupling requirements are different, an unequal power divider can be used. For example, the microstrip line can be a one-to-two power divider or a multi-way power divider. The input end of each microstrip line is connected to the connecting device 8.

[0039] Specifically, in order to improve the electrical performance index of the coupling port, a chip resistor 12 is welded between the microstrip lines to improve the standing wave ratio and coupling flatness of the coupling port. The common end of the output ends of several microstrip lines is provided with a chip resistor 12, and the output end of each microstrip line is connected to the coaxial coupling port 13 corresponding to each microstrip line through the chip resistor 12.

[0040] Specifically, the waveguide cavity multi-way coupler further includes a cavity 9, a microstrip substrate 10 is welded to the bottom surface of the cavity 9, a microstrip line is welded to the microstrip substrate 10, and the communicating vessel 8 penetrates the cavity 9 and the microstrip substrate 10 and is connected to the microstrip line. In the specific implementation process, in order to reduce the size of the cavity 9, the microstrip line is welded to the microstrip substrate 10 in a bent and folded manner to reduce the size.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, a processed compact waveguide cavity multi-way coupler is provided. It can be seen that the main input waveguide 1 and the main output waveguide 3 are connected through the main empty waveguide 2; the main empty waveguide 2 and the coupling branch empty waveguide 5 are directly connected through the coupling hole 7; the isolation end waveguide 4 of the coupling branch has a built-in microwave absorbing material or an external waveguide load, and the coupling end waveguide has a via provided on the wide side of the waveguide to be connected to one end of the connecting vessel 8 (a glass insulator is used in this embodiment); the other end of the glass insulator penetrates into the cavity 9 and is connected to the bottom surface of the microstrip substrate 10, and the glass insulator penetrates the microstrip substrate 10 and is welded to the microstrip line. Two microstrip lines are welded on the microstrip substrate 10 in a bent and folded manner, and the common end where one end of the two microstrip lines intersects is connected to the glass insulator penetrating the cavity 9 and the microstrip substrate 10, and the output ends of the two microstrip lines are connected to a chip resistor 12, and a chip resistor 12 is welded between the output end of the microstrip line and the coaxial coupling port 13, so that the coaxial connector is welded through the two coaxial coupling ports 13. It can be seen that the coaxial coupling port 13 is related to the setting of the microstrip line. If the microstrip line is set as a one-to-two power splitter, there are two coaxial coupling ports 13. If the microstrip line is a multi-way power splitter, the number of ports of the coaxial coupling port 13 corresponds to the multi-way power splitter.

[0042] It can be understood that in the overall concept of the present application, since the waveguide size is large in the prior art during multi-path coupling, the input and output dimensions of the coupler are long. The present application reduces the size by using a cross-coupling method for the main waveguide and the coupling branch waveguide, and the glass insulator connected to the coupling branch is perpendicular to the plane where the wide side of the coupling end empty waveguide 6 is located. The cavity 9 is set above the coupling end empty waveguide 6 and parallel to the main waveguide, and the microstrip substrate 10 is parallel to the plane where the wide side of the coupling end empty waveguide 6 is located. The microstrip line on the microstrip substrate 10 is welded in a bending and folding manner to reduce the size of the cavity 9, thereby reducing the size of the entire coupler, and obtaining a compact small coupler.

[0043] In order to better illustrate the beneficial effects of this application, Figure 4 A coupling curve obtained by coupling calculation based on the above design is given. It can be seen from the figure that the coupling fluctuation is small within the passband frequency while the coupler realizes two-way coupling output. And the coupling characteristics of the compact coupling can be easily optimized by adjusting the length of the glass insulator probe and the width of the microstrip line.

[0044] In order to describe the present invention, more implementation examples can be cited. In order to realize the above implementation examples, although the microstrip line and the coupling end waveguide are connected by a glass insulator, they can also be connected by a circular, square or other polygonal probe. And during processing, for the vertical edges that need to be chamfered in the coupler (such as the cross-coupling hole 7), for example, when a CNC milling machine is used for processing, the internal vertical edges need to be chamfered. The radius of curvature of the chamfer is several millimeters to 0.5 millimeters. In principle, all implementations that comply with the claims herein belong to the content disclosed in the present invention.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. According to the technical essence of the present invention, within the spirit and principles of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made to the above embodiment still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compact waveguide cavity multi-way coupler, characterized in that: It includes a main waveguide, a coupling branch and a multi-channel power distributor (11); The main waveguide comprises at least one section of main input waveguide (1) and a main empty waveguide (2) and at least one section of main output waveguide (3) installed on the same axis; the main input waveguide (1) and the main output waveguide (3) are connected via the main empty waveguide (2); The coupling branch comprises a coupling branch empty waveguide (5) and a coupling end empty waveguide (6) which are connected and located perpendicular to the main waveguide installation axis. The main empty waveguide (2) and the coupling branch empty waveguide (5) are connected through a coupling hole (7), and the main empty waveguide (2) is perpendicular to the coupling branch empty waveguide (5); The multi-channel power distributor (11) is connected to the coupling end empty waveguide (6) of the coupling branch through a connecting device (8); the output end of the multi-channel power distributor (11) is provided with at least two coaxial coupling ports (13); The waveguide cavity multi-way coupler also includes a cavity (9), a microstrip substrate (10) is welded to the inner bottom surface of the cavity (9), the microstrip line is welded to the microstrip substrate (10) in a bending and folding manner, and the communicating vessel (8) penetrates the cavity (9) and the microstrip substrate (10) to be connected to the microstrip line; The cavity (9) is vertically arranged above the coupling end empty waveguide (6) and parallel to the main waveguide, the communicating vessel (8) is vertically arranged to the plane where the wide side of the coupling end empty waveguide (6) is located, the cavity (9) is arranged above the coupling end empty waveguide (6) and parallel to the main waveguide, and the microstrip substrate (10) is parallel to the plane where the wide side of the coupling end empty waveguide (6) is located.

2. A compact waveguide cavity multi-way coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-channel power distributor (11) comprises a plurality of microstrip lines, and the input end of each microstrip line is connected to a connecting device (8).

3. A compact waveguide cavity multi-way coupler according to claim 2, characterized in that: A chip resistor (12) is provided at the common end of the output ends of a plurality of microstrip lines, and the output end of each microstrip line is connected to a coaxial coupling port (13) corresponding to each microstrip line through the chip resistor (12).

4. A compact waveguide cavity multi-way coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coupling branch also includes an isolation end waveguide (4) located perpendicular to the main waveguide installation axis, and the isolation end waveguide (4) and the coupling end empty waveguide (6) are connected via the coupling branch empty waveguide (5).

5. A compact waveguide cavity multi-way coupler according to claim 4, characterized in that: Microwave absorbing material is arranged in the isolation end waveguide (4).

6. A compact waveguide cavity multi-way coupler according to claim 4, characterized in that: The isolation end waveguide (4) is externally connected to a waveguide load.

7. The compact waveguide cavity multi-way coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communicating vessel (8) comprises a glass insulator or a probe, and the probe comprises a circular, square or other polygonal probe.

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