Triggering and signaling of inter-UE coordination messages

Abstract

Apparatus, systems, and methods for triggering and signaling inter-UE coordination messages. A coordinating UE may determine a resource set to transmit to a source UE for use by the source UE in sidelink communications. The determination may be based, at least in part, on the occurrence of at least one condition. The at least one condition may include: the coordinating UE receiving a sidelink coordination request message from the source UE; the coordinating UE detecting a resource reservation conflict between the source UE and the destination UE; and / or the coordinating UE detecting a half-duplex restriction at the source UE or the destination UE. The coordinating UE may transmit an inter-UE coordination message to the source UE. The inter-UE coordination message may include at least an indication of the resource set.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to wireless communications, and more particularly to apparatus, systems, and methods for triggering and signaling of inter-UE coordination messages, such as for V2X Mode 2 resource allocation. Background Art

[0002] The use of wireless communication systems is rapidly increasing. One proposed use of wireless communication is in vehicular applications, particularly in V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything) systems. V2X systems allow for communication between vehicles (e.g., via communication devices housed in or otherwise carried by the vehicle), pedestrian UEs (including UEs carried by other persons such as cyclists), and other wireless communication devices for various purposes, such as coordinating traffic movements, facilitating autonomous driving, and performing collision avoidance.

[0003] The increased communication requirements of some V2X systems may strain the power and resource capabilities of portable, battery-powered UE devices. Furthermore, some UEs are more power-constrained than others, and host communications with the UE may suffer from reduced battery life, increased latency, and communication degradation. Therefore, improvements in this area are desirable. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments relate to wireless communications, including apparatus, systems, and methods for triggering and signaling of inter-UE coordination messages, such as for V2X Mode 2 resource allocation.

[0005] For example, in some embodiments, a user equipment device (UE), such as UE 106, may be configured to determine a resource set to transmit to a first UE (e.g., a neighboring UE) for the first UE to use for sidelink communication (e.g., for transmission to the UE and / or another neighboring UE). The determination may be based at least in part on the occurrence of at least one condition. The at least one condition may include any one, any combination, and / or all of the following (e.g., at least one of the following and / or one or more of the following): the UE receives a sidelink coordination request message from the first UE (e.g., the inter-UE coordination message may be transmitted in response to receiving the sidelink coordination message); the UE detects a resource reservation conflict between the first UE and the second UE; and / or the UE detects a half-duplex restriction at the first UE or the second UE. The UE may also be configured to transmit an inter-UE coordination message to the first UE. The inter-UE coordination message may include at least an indication of the resource set. Transmitting inter-UE coordination messages may include any, any combination and / or all of the following (for example, at least one of the following and / or one or more of the following): UE periodically broadcasting inter-UE coordination messages, periodically groupcasting inter-UE coordination messages and / or periodically unicasting inter-UE coordination messages.

[0006] In some embodiments, resource sets may be indicated via one or more bitmaps, for example, included in an inter-UE coordination message. In some embodiments, bits within the bitmap may indicate the availability of resources within the resource set as available or unavailable. Additionally, bits within the bitmap may correspond to time slot and subchannel combinations. In some embodiments, more than one bit within the bitmap may indicate the availability level of resources within the resource set. Additionally, bits may correspond to time slot and subchannel combinations. Furthermore, the availability level of a resource may include one or more of available, available with restrictions, or unavailable.

[0007] In some embodiments, a resource set may be indicated via a bitmap that may include a first portion and a second portion. For example, a bit within the first portion may indicate whether a time slot includes an available subchannel, and a bit within the second portion may indicate the available subchannels for a time slot with available subchannels (e.g., as indicated in the first portion). The availability of each subchannel within a time slot may be indicated via a bit, where the bit indicates the subchannel as available or unavailable. Alternatively, the availability level of each subchannel within a time slot may be indicated via more than one bit, where the availability level may include available, available with restrictions, or unavailable.

[0008] In some embodiments, a resource set may be indicated via an indication of the number of available resources within the resource set and / or an indication of the time-frequency of the available resources. The time-frequency of the available resources may be an independently coded resource indication or a jointly coded resource indication. An independently coded resource indication may include a time gap between the indicated resource and the inter-UE coordination message and a sub-channel index for the indicated resource. A jointly coded resource indication may include a time resource indication value (TRIV) for the time gap between the indicated resource and the inter-UE coordination message and a frequency resource indication value (FRIV) for the sub-channel index.

[0009] The techniques described herein may be implemented in and / or used with a number of different types of devices, including, but not limited to, any of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), unmanned aerial controllers (UACs), UTM servers, base stations, access points, cellular telephones, tablet computers, wearable computing devices, portable media players, and various other computing devices.

[0010] This summary is intended to provide a brief overview of some of the subject matter described in this document. Therefore, it should be understood that the above-described features are merely examples and should not be construed as narrowing the scope or spirit of the subject matter described herein in any way. Other features, aspects, and advantages of the subject matter described herein will become apparent from the following detailed description, accompanying drawings, and claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] A better understanding of the present subject matter may be obtained when the following detailed description of various embodiments is considered in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0012] Figure 1 An exemplary vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication system is shown, according to some embodiments.

[0013] Figure 2 A base station in communication with a user equipment (UE) device is shown according to some embodiments.

[0014] Figure 3 An exemplary block diagram of a UE according to some embodiments is shown.

[0015] Figure 4 An exemplary block diagram of cellular communication circuitry is shown in accordance with some embodiments.

[0016] Figure 5 An example of a baseband processor architecture for a UE according to some embodiments is shown.

[0017] Figure 6 An exemplary block diagram of a base station according to some embodiments is shown.

[0018] Figure 7 An example of a vehicle-to-everything network is shown.

[0019] Figure 8 and Figure 9 An example of a method for a second UE to trigger transmission of an inter-UE coordination message by a first UE is shown according to some embodiments.

[0020] Figure 10 and Figure 11 An example of a method for a first UE to trigger transmission of an inter-UE coordination message to a second UE according to some embodiments is shown.

[0021] FIG. 12A to FIG. 12B and 13A to 13B An example of a resource map is shown according to some embodiments.

[0022] Figure 14 A block diagram illustrating an example of a method for providing a set of resources for sidelink communications according to some embodiments is shown.

[0023] While the features described herein are susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and described in detail herein. It should be understood, however, that the drawings and detailed description thereof are not intended to limit this disclosure to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, are intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the subject matter as defined by the appended claims. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Acronyms

[0025] Various acronyms are used throughout this disclosure. The definitions of the most prominent acronyms used that may appear throughout this disclosure are as follows:

[0026] 3GPP: Third Generation Partnership Project

[0027] UE: User Equipment

[0028] RF: Radio Frequency

[0029] BS: Base Station

[0030] DL: Downlink

[0031] UL: Uplink

[0032] LTE: Long Term Evolution

[0033] NR: New Radio

[0034] 5GS: 5G system

[0035] 5GMM: 5GS Mobility Management

[0036] 5GC / 5GCN: 5G core network

[0037] IE: Information Element

[0038] CE: Control Element

[0039] MAC: Media Access Control

[0040] RRC: Radio Resource Control

[0041] the term

[0042] The following is a glossary of terms used in this disclosure:

[0043] Memory medium—any of various types of non-transitory memory devices or storage devices. The term "memory medium" is intended to include installation media, such as CD-ROMs, floppy disks, or tape devices; computer system memory or random access memory such as DRAM, DDR RAM, SRAM, EDO RAM, Rambus RAM, etc.; non-volatile memory such as flash memory, magnetic media, such as hard drives or optical storage devices; registers or other similar types of memory elements, etc. Memory media may also include other types of non-transitory memory or combinations thereof. In addition, the memory medium may be located in the first computer system executing the program, or may be located in a different second computer system connected to the first computer system via a network such as the Internet. In the latter case, the second computer system may provide program instructions to the first computer for execution. The term "memory medium" may include two or more memory media that may reside in different locations in different computer systems connected, for example, via a network. The memory medium may store program instructions (e.g., represented as a computer program) that can be executed by one or more processors.

[0044] Carrier Media—storage media as described above, and physical transmission media such as a bus, network, and / or other physical transmission media that carry signals such as electrical, electromagnetic, or digital signals.

[0045] Programmable hardware elements—include various hardware devices that include multiple programmable function blocks connected via programmable interconnects. Examples include FPGAs (field programmable gate arrays), PLDs (programmable logic devices), FPOAs (field programmable object arrays), and CPLDs (complex PLDs). Programmable function blocks can range from fine-grained (combinational logic units or lookup tables) to coarse-grained (arithmetic logic units or processor cores). Programmable hardware elements may also be referred to as "configurable logic units."

[0046] Computer system (or computer)—any of various types of computing or processing systems, including personal computer systems (PCs), mainframe computer systems, workstations, network appliances, Internet appliances, personal digital assistants (PDAs), television systems, grid computing systems, or other devices or combinations of devices. In general, the term "computer system" can be broadly defined to encompass any device (or combination of devices) having at least one processor that executes instructions from a memory medium.

[0047] User equipment—as used herein, generally in the context of a V2X system refers to equipment associated with movable participants or traffic participants in the V2X system, for example, movable (capable of moving) communication devices such as vehicles and pedestrian user equipment (PUE) devices, rather than infrastructure equipment such as base stations, roadside units (RSUs), and servers.

[0048] Infrastructure equipment—As used herein, this term generally refers to certain devices in a V2X system that are not user devices and are not carried by traffic participants (e.g., pedestrians, vehicles, or other mobile users) but facilitate user devices' participation in the V2X network. Infrastructure equipment includes base stations and roadside units (RSUs).

[0049] User Equipment (UE) (or "UE device") - any of various types of computer system devices that are mobile or portable and perform wireless communication. Examples of UE devices include mobile phones or smartphones (e.g., iPhones). TM , based on Android TM phones), portable gaming devices (e.g., Nintendo DS TM PlayStation Portable TM 、Gameboy Advance TM , iPhone TM ), laptops, wearable devices (e.g., smart watches, smart glasses), PDAs, portable internet devices, music players, data storage devices, other handheld devices, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) (e.g., drones), UAV controllers (UACs), etc. In general, the term "UE" or "UE device" may be broadly defined to encompass any electronic, computing, and / or telecommunication device (or combination of devices) that is easily transportable by a user and capable of wireless communication.

[0050] Pedestrian UE (PUE) devices—User Equipment (UE) devices considered in the context of V2X systems that may be worn or carried by various persons, including not only pedestrians in the strict sense of people walking near roads, but also certain other peripheral or secondary participants or potential participants in the traffic environment. These include stationary persons, persons not in vehicles and who may not necessarily be near traffic or roads, persons jogging, running, skating, etc., or persons in vehicles (such as bicycles, scooters, or certain motor vehicles) that may not substantially support the power capabilities of a UE.

[0051] Base Station—The term “base station” has the full breadth of its ordinary meaning and includes at least a wireless communication station that is installed at a fixed location and used to communicate as part of a wireless telephone system or radio system.

[0052] Processing element (or processor)—refers to any element or combination of elements capable of performing functions in a device such as user equipment or a cellular network device. A processing element may include, for example, a processor and associated memory, portions or circuits of individual processor cores, entire processor cores, processor arrays, circuits such as ASICs (application-specific integrated circuits), programmable hardware elements such as field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), and any combination thereof.

[0053] Channel - the medium used to transmit information from a sender (transmitter) to a receiver. It should be noted that since the characteristics of the term "channel" may vary according to different wireless protocols, the term "channel" as used in the present invention may be considered to be used in a manner that is consistent with the standard of the type of device to which the term is used. In some standards, the channel width may be variable (e.g., depending on device capabilities, frequency band conditions, etc.). For example, LTE may support scalable channel bandwidths of 1.4 MHz to 20 MHz. In contrast, a WLAN channel may be 22 MHz wide, while a Bluetooth channel may be 1 MHz wide. Other protocols and standards may include different definitions of channels. In addition, some standards may define and use multiple types of channels, such as different channels for uplink or downlink and / or different channels for different purposes such as data, control information, etc.

[0054] Frequency band—The term “frequency band” has the full breadth of its ordinary meaning and includes at least a segment of the spectrum (eg, radio frequency spectrum) in which channels are used or set aside for the same purpose.

[0055] Wi-Fi—The term "Wi-Fi" (or WiFi) has the full scope of its ordinary meaning and includes at least wireless communication networks, or RATs, that are served by wireless LAN (WLAN) access points and provide connectivity to the Internet through those access points. Most modern Wi-Fi networks (or WLAN networks) are based on the IEEE 802.11 standard and are marketed under the name "Wi-Fi." Wi-Fi (WLAN) networks are distinct from cellular networks.

[0056] 3GPP access—refers to access (e.g., radio access technology) specified by the 3GPP standards. These accesses include, but are not limited to, GSM / GPRS, LTE, LTE-A, and / or 5G NR. Generally speaking, 3GPP access refers to various types of cellular access technologies.

[0057] Non-3GPP access - refers to any access (e.g., radio access technology) not specified by the 3GPP standards. These accesses include, but are not limited to, WiMAX, CDMA2000, Wi-Fi, WLAN, and / or fixed networks. Non-3GPP accesses can be divided into two categories, "trusted" and "untrusted": Trusted non-3GPP accesses can interact directly with the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) and / or 5G Core (5GC), while untrusted non-3GPP interworks with the EPC / 5GC via network entities (such as Evolved Packet Data Gateways and / or 5G NR Gateways). Generally speaking, non-3GPP access refers to various types of non-cellular access technologies.

[0058] Automatic—refers to an action or operation being performed by a computer system (e.g., software executed by the computer system) or a device (e.g., a circuit, a programmable hardware element, an ASIC, etc.) without requiring user input to directly specify or execute the action or operation. Thus, the term "automatically" is in contrast to an action being manually performed or specified by a user, where the user provides input to directly perform the action. An automatic process may be initiated by user-provided input, but the subsequent "automatically" performed actions are not specified by the user, e.g., not "manually" performed, where the user specifies each action to be performed. For example, a user filling out an electronic form by selecting each field and providing input specifying information (e.g., by typing information, selecting checkboxes, radio selections, etc.) is not manually filling out the form, even though the computer system must update the form in response to the user's actions. The form may be automatically filled out by a computer system, where the computer system (e.g., software executing on the computer system) analyzes the fields of the form and fills it out without requiring any user input to specify the answers to the fields. As indicated above, a user may invoke the automatic filling of a form without participating in the actual filling out of the form (e.g., the user does not manually specify the answers to the fields and they are automatically completed). This specification provides various examples of operations that are automatically performed in response to actions that a user has taken.

[0059] About—refers to a value that is close to being correct or exact. For example, about can refer to a value that is within 1% to 10% of the exact (or desired) value. However, it should be noted that the actual threshold value (or tolerance) may depend on the application. For example, in some embodiments, "about" may mean within 0.1% of some specified or desired value, while in various other embodiments, the threshold value may be, for example, 2%, 3%, 5%, etc., depending on the desires or requirements of a particular application.

[0060] Concurrency—refers to parallel execution or implementation, where tasks, processes, or programs are executed in an at least partially overlapping manner. For example, concurrency can be achieved using "strong" or strict parallelism, where tasks are executed (at least partially) in parallel on respective computing elements, or using "weak parallelism," where tasks are executed in an interleaved manner (e.g., by time multiplexing of execution threads).

[0061] Various components may be described as being "configured to" perform one or more tasks. In such contexts, "configured to" is a broad statement that generally means "having a structure" to perform one or more tasks during operation. Thus, a component can be configured to perform a task even when the component is not currently performing the task (e.g., a set of electrical conductors can be configured to electrically connect a module to another module even when the two modules are not connected). In some contexts, "configured to" can be a broad statement that generally means "having a structure" to carry out one or more tasks during operation. Thus, a component can be configured to perform a task even when the component is not currently turned on. Typically, the circuitry that forms the structure corresponding to "configured to" may include hardware circuitry.

[0062] For ease of description, various components may be described as performing one or more tasks. Such descriptions should be interpreted as including the phrase "configured to." Representing a component as being configured to perform one or more tasks expressly intends that the component not be interpreted under 35 U.S.C. §112(f).

[0063] Figure 1 :V2X communication system

[0064] Figure 1 An exemplary vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication system is shown in accordance with some embodiments. Note that Figure 1 The system is only one example of a possible system, and features of the present disclosure may be implemented in any of a variety of systems as desired.

[0065] A vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication system can be characterized as a network in which vehicles, UEs and / or other devices and network entities exchange communications to coordinate traffic activities and other possible purposes. V2X communications include communications transmitted between vehicles (e.g., wireless devices or communication devices that form part of, are contained in, or are otherwise carried by a vehicle, including UEs) and various other devices. V2X communications include vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) communications, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications, vehicle-to-network (V2N) communications, and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications, as well as communications between vehicles and other possible network entities or devices. V2X communications may also refer to communications between other non-vehicle devices participating in the V2X network to share V2X-related information.

[0066] V2X communications may, for example, follow the 3GPP Cellular V2X (C-V2X) specification, or one or more other or subsequent standards, whereby vehicles and other devices and network entities may communicate. V2X communications may utilize both long-range (e.g., cellular) communications and short- to medium-range (e.g., non-cellular) communications. V2X communications with cellular capabilities may be referred to as cellular V2X (C-V2X) communications. C-V2X systems may use various cellular radio access technologies (RATs), such as 4G LTE or 5G NRRAT. Certain LTE standards that may be used in V2X systems may be referred to as LTE-Vehicle (LTE-V) standards.

[0067] As shown, the exemplary V2X system includes a plurality of user devices. As used herein in the context of a V2X system, and as defined above, the term "user device" may generally refer to a device associated with a mobile participant or traffic participant in the V2X system, for example, a movable (capable of moving) communication device such as a vehicle and a pedestrian user equipment (PUE) device. The user devices in the exemplary V2X system include PUEs 103A and 103B and vehicles 105A and 105B. Note that in various embodiments, the PUEs 103A and 103B and / or the vehicles 105A and 105B may each be a UE 106, for example, as further described herein.

[0068] The vehicle 105 may constitute various types of vehicles. For example, the vehicle 105A may be a road vehicle or automobile, a public transportation vehicle, or another type of vehicle. The vehicle 105 may perform wireless communications in various ways. For example, the vehicle 105A may include a communication device that is part of or housed in the vehicle, or may perform communications via wireless communication devices currently contained within or otherwise carried by the vehicle, such as user equipment (UE) devices (e.g., smartphones or similar devices) carried or worn by the driver, passengers, or other persons on the vehicle, among other possibilities. For simplicity, the term "vehicle" as used herein may include wireless communication equipment that represents the vehicle and performs its communications. Thus, for example, when the vehicle 105A is referred to as performing wireless communications, it should be understood that, more specifically, certain wireless communication equipment associated with and carried by the vehicle 105A is performing the wireless communications.

[0069] Pedestrian UE (PUE) 103 may constitute various types of user equipment (UE) devices, for example, portable devices capable of wireless communication, such as smart phones, smart watches, etc., and may be associated with various types of users. Therefore, PUE 103 is a UE (e.g., such as UE 106) and may be referred to as a UE or UE device. Note that although PUE 103 is referred to as a PUE (pedestrian UE), they may not necessarily be carried by a person actively walking near a road or street. PUE may refer to a UE participating in a V2X system that is carried by a stationary person, by a person walking or running, or by a person in a vehicle that may not substantially support the power capabilities of the device (such as a bicycle, scooter, or certain motor vehicles). Also note that not necessarily all UEs participating in a V2X system are PUEs.

[0070] The user equipment is capable of communicating using multiple wireless communication standards. For example, in addition to at least one cellular communication protocol (e.g., GSM, UMTS, LTE, LTE-A, LTE-V, HSPA, 3GPP2 CDMA2000, 5G NR, etc.), the PUE 103A can be configured to communicate using wireless networking (e.g., Wi-Fi) and / or peer-to-peer wireless communication protocols (e.g., Bluetooth, Wi-Fi peer-to-peer, etc.). As desired, the PUE 103A can also and / or alternatively be configured to communicate using one or more global navigation satellite systems (GNSS, such as GPS or GLONASS), one or more mobile television broadcast standards (e.g., ATSC-M / H or DVB-H), and / or any other wireless communication protocols. Other combinations of wireless communication standards (including more than two wireless communication standards) are also possible.

[0071] As shown in the figure, some user devices may be able to communicate directly with each other, for example, without intermediate infrastructure equipment such as base station 102A or RSU 110A. As shown in the figure, vehicle 105A can directly conduct V2X-related communications with vehicle 105B. Similarly, vehicle 105B can directly conduct V2X-related communications with PUE 103B. In the case of some LTE and / or 5G NR implementations, this peer-to-peer communication can utilize a "sidelink" interface such as the PC5 interface. In some implementations, the PC5 interface supports direct cellular communication between user devices (e.g., between vehicles 105), while the Uu interface supports cellular communication with infrastructure equipment such as base stations. The PC5 / Uu interface is used only as an example, and as used herein, PC5 can represent various other possible wireless communication technologies that allow direct sidelink communication between user devices, while Uu can represent cellular communication between user devices and infrastructure equipment such as base stations. Some user devices in the V2X system (e.g., PUE 103A) may not be able to perform sidelink communication, for example, because they lack certain hardware required to perform such communication.

[0072] As shown in the figure, the exemplary V2X system includes multiple infrastructure devices in addition to the aforementioned user devices. As used herein, "infrastructure devices" in the context of a V2X system refer to certain devices in the V2X system that are not user devices and are not carried by traffic participants (e.g., pedestrians, vehicles, or other mobile users), but that facilitate user devices' participation in the V2X network. The infrastructure devices in the exemplary V2X system include a base station 102A and a roadside unit (RSU) 110A.

[0073] Base station (BS) 102A may be a base transceiver station (BTS) or a cell site ("cellular base station") and may include hardware capable of wirelessly communicating with user equipment (eg, with user equipment 103A and 105A).

[0074] The communication area (or coverage area) of a base station may be referred to as a “cell” or “coverage area.” The base station 102A and user equipment, such as the PUE 103A, may be configured to communicate over a transmission medium using any of a variety of radio access technologies (RATs), also known as wireless communication technologies or telecommunication standards, such as GSM, UMTS, LTE, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Vehicle (LTE-V), HSPA, 3GPP2 CDMA2000, 5G NR, and the like. Note that if the base station 102A is implemented in the context of LTE, it may alternatively be referred to as an “eNodeB” or eNB, whereas if the base station 102A is implemented in the context of 5G NR, it may alternatively be referred to as a “gNodeB” or gNB.

[0075] As shown, base station 102A may also be configured to communicate with network 100 (e.g., in various possibilities, a V2X network, as well as a core network of a cellular service provider, a telecommunications network such as a public switched telephone network (PSTN), and / or the Internet). Thus, base station 102A may facilitate communications between user devices and / or between user devices and network 100. Base station 102A may provide user devices such as PUE 103A with various communication capabilities, such as voice, SMS, and / or data services. Specifically, base station 102A may provide connected user devices, such as PUE 103A and vehicle 105A, with access to the V2X network.

[0076] Thus, although base station 102A may act as a "serving cell" for user equipment 103A and 105A, Figure 1 102A. The user devices shown, such as user devices 103A, 103B, 105A, and 105B, may also be able to receive signals from (and may be within communication range of) one or more other cells (which may be provided by base stations 102B-N and / or any other base stations), such cells may be referred to as "neighboring cells." Such cells may also be able to facilitate communications between user devices and / or between user devices and network 100. Such cells may include "macro" cells, "micro" cells, "pico" cells, and / or cells of any other variety of granularity of service area size. For example, in Figure 1 The base stations 102A-102B shown in FIG may be macro cells, while the base station 102N may be a micro cell. Other configurations are of course possible.

[0077] A roadside unit (RSU) 110A constitutes another infrastructure device that may be used to provide certain user devices with access to the V2X network. The RSU 110A may be one of various types of devices, such as a base station, e.g., a transceiver station (BTS) or a cell site ("cell base station"), or another type of device that includes hardware capable of wirelessly communicating with user devices and facilitating their participation in the V2X network.

[0078] The RSU 110A may be configured to communicate using one or more wireless networking communication protocols (e.g., Wi-Fi), cellular communication protocols (e.g., LTE, LTE-V, 5G NR, etc.), and / or other wireless communication protocols. In some embodiments, the RSU 110A may be capable of communicating with devices using a "sidelink" technology such as PC5.

[0079] The RSU 110A may communicate directly with user devices, such as vehicles 106A and 106B, as shown. The RSU 110A may also communicate with the base station 102A. In some cases, the RSU 110A may provide certain user devices (e.g., vehicle 106B) with access to the base station 102A. Although the RSU 110A is shown as communicating with the vehicle 106, it may also (or otherwise) be able to communicate with the PUE 104. Similarly, the RSU 110A may not necessarily forward user device communications to the base station 102A. In some embodiments, the RSU 110A may constitute the base station itself and / or may forward communications to the server 120.

[0080] As shown, server 120 constitutes a network entity of the V2X system and may be referred to as a cloud server. Base station 102A and / or RSU 110A may relay certain V2X-related communications between user devices 104 and 106 and server 120. Server 120 may be configured to process certain information collected from multiple user devices and may manage V2X communications to the user devices to coordinate traffic activities. In various other embodiments of the V2X system, various functions of cloud server 120 may be performed by infrastructure equipment such as base station 102A or RSU 110A, by one or more user devices, or / and not at all.

[0081] Figure 2 – Communication between UE and base station

[0082] Figure 2 102 (e.g., Figure 1 102A) in the base station 102A) to communicate with the user equipment (UE) device 106 (e.g., Figure 1 UE 106 may be a device with cellular communication capabilities, such as a mobile phone, handheld device, computer or tablet computer, or virtually any type of portable wireless device.

[0083] The UE 106 may include a processor configured to execute program instructions stored in a memory. The UE 106 may perform any of the method embodiments described herein by executing such stored instructions. Alternatively and / or in addition, the UE 106 may include a programmable hardware element, such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA) configured to perform any of the method embodiments described herein or any portion of any of the method embodiments described herein.

[0084] UE 106 may include one or more antennas for communicating using one or more wireless communication protocols or technologies. In some embodiments, UE 104 may be configured to communicate using, for example, CDMA2000 (1xRTT / 1xEV-DO / HRPD / eHRPD) LTE, and / or 5G NR using a single shared radio, and / or 5G NR or LTE using a single shared radio. The shared radio may be coupled to a single antenna, or may be coupled to multiple antennas (e.g., for MIMO) for performing wireless communications. Typically, the radio may include any combination of a baseband processor, analog radio frequency (RF) signal processing circuitry (e.g., including filters, mixers, oscillators, amplifiers, etc.), or digital processing circuitry (e.g., for digital modulation and other digital processing). Similarly, the radio may implement one or more receive chains and transmit chains using the aforementioned hardware. For example, UE 106 may share one or more portions of a receive chain and / or transmit chain between multiple wireless communication technologies such as those discussed above.

[0085] In some embodiments, the UE 106 may include a separate transmit chain and / or receive chain (e.g., including separate antennas and other radio components) for each wireless communication protocol with which it is configured to communicate. As another possibility, the UE 106 may include one or more radio components shared between multiple wireless communication protocols, and one or more radio components used uniquely by a single wireless communication protocol. For example, the UE 106 may include a shared radio component for communicating using any of 5G NR, LTE, and / or 1xRTT (or LTE or GSM), and a separate radio component for communicating using each of Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. Other configurations are also possible.

[0086] Figure 3 : UE block diagram

[0087] Figure 3 1 shows an exemplary simplified block diagram of a communication device 106 according to some embodiments. Note that Figure 3The block diagram of the communication device is only an example of a possible communication device. According to the embodiment, the communication device 106 can be a user equipment (UE) device (for example, such as PUE 103 and / or vehicle 105), a mobile device or mobile station, a wireless device or wireless station, a desktop computer or computing device, a mobile computing device (for example, a laptop computer, a notebook or a portable computing device), a tablet computer, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), a UAV controller (UAC) and / or a combination of devices and other devices. As shown, the communication device 106 may include a group of components 300 configured to perform core functions. For example, the group of components can be implemented as a system on a chip (SOC), which may include parts for various purposes. Alternatively, the group of components 300 can be implemented as separate components or groups of components for various purposes. This group of components 300 can be coupled to various other circuits of the communication device 106 (for example, communicatively; directly or indirectly).

[0088] For example, the communication device 106 may include various types of memory (e.g., including NAND flash memory 310), input / output interfaces such as a connector I / F 320 (e.g., for connecting to a computer system; a docking station; a charging station; input devices such as a microphone, a camera, a keyboard; output devices such as a speaker; etc.), a display 360 that may be integrated with the communication device 106 or external to the communication device, and cellular communication circuitry 330 such as for 5G NR, LTE, GSM, etc., and short-range to medium-range wireless communication circuitry 329 (e.g., Bluetooth TM and WLAN circuitry). In some embodiments, the communication device 106 may include wired communication circuitry (not shown), such as, for example, a network interface card for Ethernet.

[0089] Cellular communication circuitry 330 may be (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) coupled to one or more antennas, such as antennas 335 and 336, as shown. Short-range to medium-range wireless communication circuitry 329 may also be (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) coupled to one or more antennas, such as antennas 337 and 338, as shown. Alternatively, short-range to medium-range wireless communication circuitry 329 may be (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) coupled to antennas 335 and 336, in addition to or in lieu of being (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) coupled to antennas 337 and 338. Short-range to medium-range wireless communication circuitry 329 and / or cellular communication circuitry 330 may include multiple receive chains and / or multiple transmit chains for receiving and / or transmitting multiple spatial streams, such as in a multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) configuration.

[0090] In some embodiments, as further described below, the cellular communication circuitry 330 can include dedicated receive chains (including and / or coupled to (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) dedicated processors and / or radios) for multiple RATs (e.g., a first receive chain for LTE and a second receive chain for 5G-NR). Furthermore, in some embodiments, the cellular communication circuitry 330 can include a single transmit chain that can switch between radios dedicated to specific RATs. For example, a first radio can be dedicated to a first RAT, such as LTE, and can communicate with a dedicated receive chain and a transmit chain shared with an additional radio, such as a second radio that can be dedicated to a second RAT (e.g., 5G NR) and can communicate with both the dedicated receive chain and the shared transmit chain.

[0091] The communication device 106 may also include and / or be configured for use with one or more user interface elements. User interface elements may include various elements such as a display 360 (which may be a touch screen display), a keyboard (which may be a separate keyboard or may be implemented as part of the touch screen display), a mouse, a microphone and / or speakers, one or more cameras, one or more buttons, and / or any of a variety of other elements capable of providing information to a user and / or receiving or interpreting user input.

[0092] The communication device 106 may also include one or more smart cards 345 with SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) functionality, such as one or more UICC cards (one or more Universal Integrated Circuit Cards) 345. It should be noted that the term "SIM" or "SIM entity" is intended to include any of various types of SIM implementations or SIM functionality, such as one or more UICC cards 345, one or more eUICCs, one or more eSIMs, removable or embedded, etc. In some embodiments, the UE 106 may include at least two SIMs. Each SIM may execute one or more SIM applications and / or otherwise implement SIM functionality. Thus, each SIM may be a single smart card that may be embedded, for example, soldered to a circuit board in the UE 106, or each SIM 310 may be implemented as a removable smart card. Thus, the SIM may be one or more removable smart cards (such as UICC cards, sometimes referred to as "SIM cards"), and / or the SIM 310 may be one or more embedded cards (such as embedded UICCs (eUICCs), sometimes referred to as "eSIMs" or "eSIM cards"). In some embodiments (such as when the SIM includes an eUICC), one or more of the SIMs may implement embedded SIM (eSIM) functionality; in such embodiments, a single SIM in the SIM may execute multiple SIM applications. Each SIM may include components such as a processor and / or memory; instructions for performing SIM / eSIM functionality may be stored in the memory and executed by the processor. In some embodiments, the UE 106 may include a combination of removable smart cards and fixed / non-removable smart cards (such as one or more eUICC cards implementing eSIM functionality), as needed. For example, the UE 106 may include two embedded SIMs, two removable SIMs, or a combination of one embedded SIM and one removable SIM. Various other SIM configurations are also contemplated.

[0093] As described above, in some embodiments, the UE 106 may include two or more SIM cards. Including two or more SIM cards in the UE 106 may allow the UE 106 to support two different phone numbers and may allow the UE 106 to communicate on two or more corresponding networks. For example, a first SIM card may support a first RAT, such as LTE, and a second SIM card 310 may support a second RAT, such as 5G NR. Of course, other implementations and RATs are also possible. In some embodiments, when the UE 106 includes two SIM cards, the UE 106 may support Dual SIM Dual Active (DSDA) functionality. DSDA functionality may allow the UE 106 to connect to two networks simultaneously (using two different RATs), or to maintain two connections simultaneously on the same or different networks supported by two different SIM cards using the same or different RATs. DSDA functionality may also allow the UE 106 to receive voice calls or data traffic simultaneously on any phone number. In some embodiments, voice calls may be packet-switched communications. In other words, voice calls may be received using Voice over LTE (VoLTE) technology and / or Voice over NR (VoNR) technology. In some embodiments, the UE 106 may support Dual SIM Dual Standby (DSDS) functionality. The DSDS functionality may allow either of the two SIM cards in the UE 106 to be on standby for a voice call and / or data connection. In DSDS, while a call / data call is established on one SIM card, the other SIM card is no longer active. In some embodiments, the DSDx functionality (DSDA or DSDS functionality) may be implemented using a single SIM card (e.g., an eUICC) that executes multiple SIM applications for different carriers and / or RATs.

[0094] As shown, the SOC 300 may include a processor 302 that may execute program instructions for the communication device 106 and a display circuit 304 that may perform graphics processing and provide display signals to a display 360. The one or more processors 302 may also be coupled to a memory management unit (MMU) 340 (the MMU may be configured to receive addresses from the one or more processors 302 and translate those addresses into locations in memory (e.g., memory 306, read-only memory (ROM) 350, NAND flash memory 310)) and / or to other circuits or devices (such as the display circuit 304, short-range to medium-range wireless communication circuitry 329, cellular communication circuitry 330, connector I / F 320, and / or display 360). The MMU 340 may be configured to perform memory protection and page table translation or setup. In some embodiments, the MMU 340 may be included as part of the processor 302.

[0095] As described above, the communication device 106 may be configured to communicate using wireless and / or wired communication circuitry. The communication device 106 may be configured to perform methods for triggering and signaling inter-UE coordination messages, such as for V2X Mode 2 resource allocation, as further described herein.

[0096] As described herein, the communication device 106 may include hardware and software components for implementing the above-described features of the communication device 106 to send a scheduling profile for power saving to the network. The processor 302 of the communication device 106 may be configured to implement some or all of the features described herein, for example, by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively (or in addition), the processor 302 may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (field programmable gate array) or an ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit). Alternatively (or in addition), in combination with one or more of the other components 300, 304, 306, 310, 320, 329, 330, 340, 345, 350, 360, the processor 302 of the communication device 106 may be configured to implement some or all of the features described herein.

[0097] Furthermore, as described herein, processor 302 may include one or more processing elements. Thus, processor 302 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) configured to perform the functions of processor 302. Furthermore, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., a first circuit, a second circuit, etc.) configured to perform the functions of processor 302.

[0098] Further, as described herein, the cellular communication circuitry 330 and the short-range to medium-range wireless communication circuitry 329 may each include one or more processing elements. In other words, one or more processing elements may be included in the cellular communication circuitry 330, and similarly, one or more processing elements may be included in the short-range to medium-range wireless communication circuitry 329. Thus, the cellular communication circuitry 330 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) configured to perform the functions of the cellular communication circuitry 330. Furthermore, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., a first circuit, a second circuit, etc.) configured to perform the functions of the cellular communication circuitry 330. Similarly, the short-range to medium-range wireless communication circuitry 329 may include one or more ICs configured to perform the functions of the short-range to medium-range wireless communication circuitry 329. Furthermore, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., a first circuit, a second circuit, etc.) configured to perform the functions of the short-range to medium-range wireless communication circuitry 329.

[0099] Figure 4 :Block diagram of cellular communication circuit

[0100] Figure 4An exemplary simplified block diagram of a cellular communication circuit according to some embodiments is shown. Note that Figure 4 The block diagram of the cellular communication circuitry is only one example of possible cellular communication circuitry. Depending on the embodiment, the cellular communication circuitry 430 (which may be the cellular communication circuitry 430) may be included in a communication device such as the communication device 106 described above. As described above, the communication device 106 may be a user equipment (UE) device, a mobile device or mobile station, a wireless device or wireless station, a desktop computer or computing device, a mobile computing device (e.g., a laptop, notebook, or portable computing device), a tablet computer, and / or a combination of devices, among other devices.

[0101] Cellular communication circuitry 430 may be (eg, communicatively; directly or indirectly) coupled to one or more antennas, such as ( Figure 4 In some embodiments, the cellular communication circuit 430 may include dedicated receive chains (including and / or coupled to (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) dedicated processors and / or radio components) for multiple RATs (e.g., a first receive chain for LTE and a second receive chain for 4G NR). For example, Figure 4 As shown, cellular communication circuitry 430 may include a modem 410 and a modem 420. Modem 410 may be configured for communication according to a first RAT (e.g., such as LTE or LTE-A), and modem 420 may be configured for communication according to a second RAT (e.g., such as 4G NR).

[0102] As shown, the modem 410 may include one or more processors 412 and a memory 416 in communication with the processors 412. The modem 410 may communicate with a radio frequency (RF) front end 430. The RF front end 430 may include circuitry for transmitting and receiving radio signals. For example, the RF front end 430 may include receive circuitry (RX) 432 and transmit circuitry (TX) 434. In some embodiments, the receive circuitry 432 may communicate with a downlink (DL) front end 450, which may include circuitry for receiving radio signals via antenna 335a.

[0103] Similarly, the modem 420 may include one or more processors 422 and a memory 426 in communication with the processors 422. The modem 420 may communicate with an RF front end 440. The RF front end 440 may include circuitry for transmitting and receiving radio signals. For example, the RF front end 440 may include receive circuitry 442 and transmit circuitry 444. In some embodiments, the receive circuitry 442 may communicate with a DL front end 460, which may include circuitry for receiving radio signals via the antenna 335b.

[0104] In some embodiments, switch 470 can couple transmit circuitry 434 to an uplink (UL) front end 472. Furthermore, switch 470 can couple transmit circuitry 444 to an UL front end 472. UL front end 472 can include circuitry for transmitting radio signals via antenna 336. Thus, when cellular communication circuitry 430 receives an instruction to transmit according to a first RAT (e.g., via a transmit chain including transmit circuitry 434 and UL front end 472), switch 470 can be switched to a first state that allows modem 410 to transmit signals according to the first RAT (e.g., via a transmit chain including transmit circuitry 434 and UL front end 472). Similarly, when cellular communication circuitry 430 receives an instruction to transmit according to a second RAT (e.g., via a transmit chain including transmit circuitry 444 and UL front end 472), switch 470 can be switched to a second state that allows modem 420 to transmit signals according to the second RAT (e.g., via a transmit chain including transmit circuitry 444 and UL front end 472).

[0105] In some embodiments, the cellular communication circuitry 430 may be configured to perform methods of triggering and signaling of inter-UE coordination messages for V2X Mode 2 resource allocation, for example, as further described herein.

[0106] As described herein, the modem 410 may include hardware and software components for implementing the features described above or for time division multiplexing UL data for NSANR operation, as well as various other techniques described herein. The processor 412 may be configured to implement some or all of the features described herein, for example, by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively (or in addition), the processor 412 may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (field programmable gate array) or as an ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit). Alternatively (or in addition), in combination with one or more of the other components 430, 432, 434, 450, 470, 472, 335, and 336, the processor 412 may be configured to implement some or all of the features described herein.

[0107] Furthermore, as described herein, processor 412 may include one or more processing elements. Thus, processor 412 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) configured to perform the functions of processor 412. Furthermore, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., a first circuit, a second circuit, etc.) configured to perform the functions of processor 412.

[0108] As described herein, the modem 420 may include hardware and software components for implementing the above-described features for communicating a scheduling profile for power savings to the network, as well as various other techniques described herein. The processor 422 may be configured to implement some or all of the features described herein, for example, by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively (or in addition), the processor 422 may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (field programmable gate array) or as an ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit). Alternatively (or in addition), the processor 422 may be configured to implement some or all of the features described herein, in conjunction with one or more of the other components 440, 442, 444, 450, 470, 472, 335, and 336.

[0109] Furthermore, as described herein, processor 422 may include one or more processing elements. Thus, processor 422 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) configured to perform the functions of processor 422. Furthermore, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., a first circuit, a second circuit, etc.) configured to perform the functions of processor 422.

[0110] Figure 5 :Baseband processor architecture

[0111] Figure 5 An example of a baseband processor architecture for a UE (eg, such as UE 106 ) is shown in accordance with some embodiments. Figure 5The baseband processor architecture 500 described in the accompanying drawings may be implemented on one or more radio components (e.g., radio components 429 and / or 430 described above) or modems (e.g., modems 510 and / or 520) as described above. As shown, non-access stratum (NAS) 510 may include a 5G NAS 520 and a legacy NAS 550. Legacy NAS 550 may include a communication connection with a legacy access stratum (AS) 570. 5G NAS 520 may include a communication connection with both a 5G AS 540 and a non-3GPP AS 530, as well as a Wi-Fi AS 532. 5G NAS 520 may include functional entities associated with both access strata. Thus, 5G NAS 520 may include multiple 5G MM entities 526 and 528 and 5G session management (SM) entities 522 and 524. The traditional NAS 550 may include functional entities such as a short message service (SMS) entity 552, an evolved packet system (EPS) session management (ESM) entity 554, a session management (SM) entity 556, an EPS mobility management (EMM) entity 558, and a mobility management (MM) / GPRS mobility management (GMM) entity 560. In addition, the traditional AS 570 may include functional entities such as an LTE AS 572, a UMTS AS 574, and / or a GSM / GPRS AS 576.

[0112] Thus, the baseband processor architecture 500 allows for a common 5G-NAS for both 5G cellular and non-cellular (e.g., non-3GPP access). Note that, as shown, the 5G MM can maintain a separate connection management and registration management state machine for each connection. In addition, a device (e.g., UE 106) can register to a single PLMN (e.g., 5G CN) using both 5G cellular access and non-cellular access. Furthermore, a device can be in a connected state in one access and idle state in another access, or vice versa. Finally, there may be common 5G-MM procedures (e.g., registration, deregistration, identification, authentication, etc.) for both accesses.

[0113] It should be noted that in various embodiments, one or more of the above-mentioned functional entities of the 5G NAS and / or 5G AS may be configured to perform, for example, the method of triggering and signaling of inter-UE coordination messages for V2X Mode 2 resource allocation as further described herein.

[0114] Figure 6 :Block diagram of base station

[0115] Figure 6 A base station 102 (e.g., Figure 1 102A). Figure 6The base station of is only one example of a possible base station. As shown, the base station 102 may include a processor 604 that may execute program instructions for the base station 102. The processor 604 may also be coupled to a memory management unit (MMU) 640 (which may be configured to receive addresses from the processor 604 and translate these addresses into locations in memory (e.g., memory 660 and read-only memory (ROM) 650)), or to other circuits or devices.

[0116] The base station 102 may include at least one network port 670. The network port 670 may be configured to couple to a telephone network and provide for a plurality of devices such as the UE device 106.

[0117] The network port 670 (or an additional network port) may also or alternatively be configured to couple to a cellular network, such as a core network of a cellular service provider. The core network may provide mobility-related services and / or other services to multiple devices, such as the UE device 106. In some cases, the network port 670 may couple to a telephone network via the core network, and / or the core network may provide a telephone network (e.g., in other UE devices served by the cellular service provider).

[0118] In some embodiments, base station 102 may be a next-generation base station, such as a 5G New Radio (5G NR) base station, or "gNB." In such embodiments, base station 102 may be connected to a legacy evolved packet core (EPC) network and / or to an NR core (NRC) network. Furthermore, base station 102 may be considered a 5G NR cell and may include one or more transition and reception points (TRPs). Furthermore, a UE capable of operating in accordance with 5G NR may connect to one or more TRPs within one or more gNBs.

[0119] The base station 102 may include at least one antenna 634 and possibly multiple antennas. The at least one antenna 634 may be configured to operate as a wireless transceiver and may be further configured to communicate with the UE device 106 via the radio 630. The antenna 634 communicates with the radio 630 via a communication chain 632. The communication chain 632 may be a receive chain, a transmit chain, or both. The radio 630 may be configured to communicate via various wireless communication standards, including, but not limited to, 5G NR, LTE, LTE-A, GSM, UMTS, CDMA2000, Wi-Fi, and the like.

[0120] Base station 102 may be configured to communicate wirelessly using multiple wireless communication standards. In some cases, base station 102 may include multiple radios that enable base station 102 to communicate according to multiple wireless communication technologies. For example, as one possibility, base station 102 may include an LTE radio component for communicating according to LTE and a 5G NR radio component for communicating according to 5G NR. In this case, base station 102 may be capable of operating as both an LTE base station and a 5G NR base station. As another example, base station 102 may include a 5G NR radio component for communicating according to 5G NR and a Wi-Fi radio component for communicating according to Wi-Fi. In such a case, base station 102 may be capable of operating as both a 5G NR base station and a Wi-Fi access point. As another possibility, base station 102 may include a multimode radio component capable of communicating according to any of multiple wireless communication technologies (e.g., 5G NR and Wi-Fi, LTE and Wi-Fi, LTE and UMTS, LTE and CDMA2000, UMTS and GSM, etc.).

[0121] As further described later herein, BS 102 may include hardware and software components for implementing or supporting a specific implementation of the features described herein. The processor 604 of base station 102 may be configured to implement or support a specific implementation of part or all of the methods described herein, for example, by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively, the processor 604 may be configured as a programmable hardware element such as an FPGA (field programmable gate array) or as an ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit) or a combination thereof. Alternatively (or in addition), in combination with one or more of the other components 630, 632, 634, 640, 650, 660, 670, the processor 604 of BS 102 may be configured to implement or support implementation of part or all of the features described herein.

[0122] Furthermore, as described herein, processor 604 may be comprised of one or more processing elements. In other words, one or more processing elements may be included in processor 604. Thus, processor 604 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) configured to perform the functions of processor 604. Furthermore, each integrated circuit may include circuits (e.g., a first circuit, a second circuit, etc.) configured to perform the functions of processor 604.

[0123] Additionally, as described herein, radio 630 may be comprised of one or more processing elements. In other words, one or more processing elements may be included in radio 630. Thus, radio 630 may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) configured to perform the functions of radio 630. Furthermore, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., a first circuit, a second circuit, etc.) configured to perform the functions of radio 630.

[0124] Sidelink resource management

[0125] In some existing implementations, a listen-before-talk (LBT) mechanism can be used to access a shared medium (e.g., an unlicensed band such as that commonly used for Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and other short- to medium-range communications (e.g., non-3GGP access)) to avoid collisions (transmissions from two or more wireless devices attempting to access the shared medium) and improve medium utilization efficiency. However, the LBT mechanism is not collision-free. In other words, the LBT mechanism cannot guarantee collision-free transmissions.

[0126] For example, in the case of unicast transmissions, a transmitter can easily detect transmission collisions based on receiver acknowledgement / negative acknowledgement (ACK / NACK) feedback. However, in the case of multicast (or groupcast) transmissions, a transmitter may not easily detect collisions based on receiver ACK / NACKs. This is due, at least in part, to the heavy traffic associated with ACK / NACKs from multiple receivers and the transmitter's inability to distinguish (or isolate) transmission collisions from channel quality issues based on received ACK / NACKs. In other words, because receivers in a multicast transmission may be located in different locations with varying channel qualities, the transmitter cannot determine the cause of a NACK (e.g., transmission collision vs. poor channel quality). Furthermore, in the case of broadcast transmissions, known feedback from receivers is not feasible, and thus, in such scenarios, the transmitter is unaware of collisions. Furthermore, in some implementations, the transmitter may reserve periodic time slots for communication within a reserved period. In such implementations, if a collision occurs, the collision may persist for at least a portion of the reserved period (and, in the worst case, the duration of the reserved period) if the transmitter does not detect (or is unable to detect) the collision.

[0127] As an example, a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication network (e.g., as specified in 3GPP TS 22.185 V.14.3.0 and later) allows a vehicle (e.g., a mobile unit within a vehicle, such as a wireless device contained or currently contained within the vehicle and / or another transmitter contained or included in the vehicle) to communicate with various wireless devices. For example, Figure 7As shown, a vehicle, such as vehicle 712a, can communicate with various devices (e.g., devices 712b-f), such as roadside units (RSUs), infrastructure (V2I), networks (V2N), pedestrians (V2P), and / or other vehicles (V2V). Furthermore, as shown, all devices within the V2X framework can communicate with other devices. V2X communications can utilize long-range (e.g., cellular) communications as well as short- to medium-range communications (e.g., non-cellular). In some contemplated implementations, non-cellular communications can utilize unlicensed frequency bands as well as the dedicated spectrum at 5.9 GHz. Furthermore, V2X communications can include unicast, multicast, groupcast, and / or broadcast communications. Each type of communication can utilize LBT mechanisms. Furthermore, according to the V2X communication protocol, a transmitter can reserve periodic time slots within a reserved period. Therefore, as described above, in various circumstances, in some cases, a transmitter utilizing V2X communications may be unable to detect a collision after utilizing the LBT mechanism.

[0128] In some existing implementations, 5G NR V2X may include various scheduling modes. For example, 5G NR V2X Mode 2 may be designed for UE self-determination of sidelink transmission resources. 5G NR V2X Mode 2 includes various sub-modes, including:

[0129] Mode 2(a), where the user equipment device (UE) autonomously selects sidelink resources for transmission;

[0130] Mode 2(b), where UEs assist other UEs in sidelink resource selection;

[0131] Mode 2(c), where the UE is configured with an NR configured grant (e.g., a network-defined semi-persistent grant) for sidelink transmission; and

[0132] Mode 2(d), where a UE schedules sidelink transmissions of other UEs.

[0133] Additionally, due to the periodic nature of V2X messaging, existing V2X implementations may support semi-persistent scheduling (SPS), such as configuration grants. For example, semi-persistent resources in SPS may represent timely recurring resources across a set of discontinuous subframes with a specific recurrence period. Furthermore, existing SPS implementations (e.g., LTE V2X) and their corresponding resource allocation designs are optimized for broadcast services. However, 5G NR V2X Mode 2 additionally supports both unicast and multicast services. Therefore, there is a strong need for enhanced methods that facilitate semi-persistent resource allocation for both unicast and multicast services in 5G NR V2X Mode 2.

[0134] Triggering and signaling of inter-UE coordination messages

[0135] For example, in current cellular communication systems such as defined by NR V2X Release 16, for a Mode 2 resource allocation scheme, a transmitting wireless device may select sidelink transmission resources based on its own sensing and resource selection procedures, e.g., without input from a receiving wireless device. NR V2X Release 17 introduces that for inter-UE coordination of Mode 2 resource allocation, a resource set may be determined by a first wireless device (e.g., UE-A) and sent to a second wireless device (UE-B). The second wireless device may then consider the resource set when making resource selections for its own transmissions. However, it is undefined whether the resource set includes a resource set that is preferred for transmissions by the second wireless device or a resource set that is not preferred for transmissions by the second wireless device. Additionally, it is undefined the conditions under which the resource set is sent, how the resource set is indicated, and how the first wireless device selects the resource set.

[0136] Embodiments described herein provide systems, methods, and mechanisms for triggering and signaling inter-UE coordination messages, for example, for V2X Mode 2 resource allocation. In some embodiments, a first UE, such as UE 106, may receive a trigger signal from a second UE to provide an inter-UE coordination message, wherein the inter-UE coordination message indicates a set of resources for the second UE. In some embodiments, a first UE, such as UE 106, may detect a triggering condition for providing an inter-UE coordination message to the second UE, wherein the inter-UE coordination message indicates a set of resources for the second UE. In some embodiments, the inter-UE coordination message may include a resource map. In some embodiments, the inter-UE coordination message may include one or more preferred resources. In some embodiments, the inter-UE coordination message may include one or more non-preferred resources. In some embodiments, the inter-UE coordination message may be periodically broadcast / multicast / unicast.

[0137] In some embodiments, the first UE may determine and / or select resources for inter-UE coordination messages. For example, the first UE may determine a resource selection window for transmitting inter-UE coordination messages to the second UE. In some embodiments, the packet delay budget (PDB) may depend on the conflict time and / or half-duplex restriction time. For example, if a resource conflict time slot and / or a half-duplex restriction time slot is detected, the first UE may notify the second UE of the processing time allowed for the second UE before the time slot (e.g., for reception of the inter-UE coordination message and / or for resource reselection). In addition, the first UE may determine the data priority of the inter-UE coordination message (e.g., to be used in the resource selection procedure for the inter-UE coordination message of the first UE). For example, if the sidelink coordination request message includes a data priority level, the included data priority level may be used for the inter-UE coordination message. In some embodiments, the data priority level may be pre-configured per resource pool and / or configured on the PC5-RRC between the first UE and the second UE.

[0138] For example, Figure 8 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11 Block diagrams illustrating various examples of methods for triggering transmission of an inter-UE coordination message according to some embodiments. In the embodiments described herein, the inter-UE coordination message may be transmitted from a first UE to a second UE, wherein the first UE determines a set of resources to be indicated via the inter-UE coordination message, and wherein the set of resources is used by the second UE for sidelink transmission. Figure 8 and Figure 9 An example of a method for a second UE to trigger transmission of an inter-UE coordination message, such as via transmission of a sidelink coordination request message to a first UE, is shown. Figure 10 and Figure 11 An example of a method for a first UE to trigger transmission of an inter-UE coordination message, for example, by detecting one or more triggering conditions is shown. Figure 8 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11 The illustrated methods may be used in conjunction with each other and with any of the systems, methods, or devices illustrated in the figures, in addition to other devices.

[0139] Go to Figure 8 , a block diagram illustrating an example of a method for a second UE to trigger transmission of an inter-UE coordination message from a first UE according to some embodiments. As described, among other devices, Figure 8 The method shown in the figure can also be used together with any one of the systems, methods or devices shown in the figure. In various embodiments, some of the method elements shown can be performed concurrently in an order different from the order shown, or can be omitted. Additional method elements can also be performed as needed. As shown in the figure, the method can be operated as follows.

[0140] At 802, criteria for selecting a resource set for sidelink communication and resources for a sidelink coordination request message may be negotiated between a first UE and a second UE, where each UE may be UE 106 as described herein. For example, the criteria for selecting the resource set may be based at least in part on a pre-configuration of a resource pool and / or a PC5-RRC-based configuration.

[0141] In some embodiments, the sidelink coordination request message may include a single bit indicating that the second UE requests the first UE to provide preferred and / or non-preferred resource sets for the sidelink transmission of the second UE. In addition, the sidelink coordination request message may be signaled as a sequence-based transmission (e.g., similar to a physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH) transmission). The resources used for the sidelink coordination request message may include the last few (e.g., the last three or less) symbols of the time slot. For example, the sidelink coordination request message may be frequency division multiplexed with the PSFCH resources at the end of the time slot. In addition, the time-frequency code resources of the sidelink coordination request message may be associated with an identifier (ID) of the first UE and the ID of the second UE. In some embodiments, the second UE may determine the resources for the sidelink coordination request message based at least in part on the ID of the first UE and the ID of the second UE. Similarly, the first UE may receive the sidelink coordination request message based on the ID of the first UE and the ID of the second UE.

[0142] At 804, the first UE may receive a sidelink coordination request message from the second UE. The sidelink coordination request message may be a trigger signal for the first UE to provide an inter-UE coordination message to the second UE. The inter-UE coordination message may indicate a resource set for the second UE to use for sidelink communication.

[0143] At 806, the first UE may provide (e.g., send and / or transmit) an indication of a set of resources for sidelink communication to the second UE, e.g., via an inter-UE coordination message. The set of resources may be based on the negotiated selection criteria. Additionally, the set of resources may be provided in response to receiving the sidelink coordination message. Furthermore, the set of resources may be used for sidelink communication between the first UE and the second UE.

[0144] Go to Figure 9 , a block diagram illustrating another example of a method for a second UE to trigger transmission of an inter-UE coordination message from a first UE according to some embodiments. As described, among other devices, Figure 9 The method shown in the figure can also be used together with any one of the systems, methods or devices shown in the figure. In various embodiments, some of the method elements shown can be performed concurrently in an order different from the order shown, or can be omitted. Additional method elements can also be performed as needed. As shown in the figure, the method can be operated as follows.

[0145] At 902, a first UE may receive a sidelink coordination request message from a second UE, where each UE may be UE 106 as described herein. The sidelink coordination request message may be more than one bit and may include criteria for selecting a resource set for sidelink communication and parameters for inter-UE coordination messages. In some embodiments, the resource set may be a preferred resource set and / or a non-preferred resource set.

[0146] In some embodiments, the parameters and / or requirements for the resource set may include any, any combination, and / or all of the following: a time window for the inter-UE coordination message, a time window for the resource set, a data priority associated with the resource set, the number of subchannels of the resource set, the periodicity of the resource set, the playback type and / or destination UE ID of the resource set, and / or an indication of the format of the inter-UE coordination message (e.g., an indication of a resource map, preferred resources, and / or non-preferred resources and a delay requirement associated with the inter-UE coordination message).

[0147] In some embodiments, the sidelink coordination request message may be transmitted via higher layer signaling in a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH). Alternatively and / or additionally, the sidelink coordination request message may be transmitted via sidelink control information (SCI) (e.g., via SCI level 2 format).

[0148] In some embodiments, the sidelink coordination request message may include a list of pre-candidate resources recommended for the first UE. For example, the sidelink coordination request message may include a resource set based on resources selected by the second UE and / or a resource set that is larger than the actual resources to be used by the second UE's sidelink transmission.

[0149] At 904, the first UE may determine a set of resources for the second UE to use for sidelink communication based on the selection criteria included in the sidelink coordination request message. In some embodiments, for example, when the sidelink coordination request message includes a pre-candidate resource list, the first UE may determine the resource subset, for example, based on its own sensing, and notify the second UE of the resource subset in the inter-UE coordination message.

[0150] At 906, the first UE may provide (e.g., send and / or transmit) an indication of a resource set for sidelink communication to the second UE, e.g., via an inter-UE coordination message. The resource set may be based on parameters included in the sidelink coordination request message. In addition, the resource set may be used for sidelink communication between the first UE and the second UE and / or for sidelink communication between the second UE and a third UE.

[0151] Go to Figure 10 , a block diagram illustrating an example of a method for a first UE to trigger transmission of an inter-UE coordination message to a second UE according to some embodiments. As described, among other devices, Figure 10 The method shown in the figure can also be used together with any one of the systems, methods or devices shown in the figure. In various embodiments, some of the method elements shown can be performed concurrently in an order different from the order shown, or can be omitted. Additional method elements can also be performed as needed. As shown in the figure, the method can be operated as follows.

[0152] At 1002, a trigger condition for transmitting an inter-UE coordination message may be negotiated between a first UE and a second UE, where each UE may be a UE 106 as described herein. Note that the selection of the trigger condition may include determining whether the first UE will monitor and detect a triggering event (e.g., such as a resource conflict) and / or whether the second UE will send a trigger signal (e.g., such as a sidelink coordination request message) to the first UE. In some embodiments, the trigger condition may include both the first UE monitoring and detecting the triggering event and the second UE being able to send a trigger signal. In some embodiments, the resource conflict that may lead to the triggering event may include any one, any combination, and / or all of the following: a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) resource conflict, a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) resource conflict, and / or a PSFCH resource conflict. Resource reservation conflicts may be for persistent resource conflicts and / or for high interference levels from a third UE.

[0153] At 1004, the first UE may detect a resource reservation conflict between the second UE and the third UE. As described above, the reservation conflict may include any one, any combination, and / or all of the following: a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) resource conflict, a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) resource conflict, and / or a PSFCH resource conflict. The resource reservation conflict may be for a persistent resource conflict and / or for a high interference level from the third UE. In some embodiments, the detection of the resource reservation conflict may require that the time gap between the conflicting resources and the detection time be greater than a threshold, for example, to ensure that the second UE has sufficient time to respond after receiving the inter-UE coordination message.

[0154] At 1006, the first UE may determine that the resource reservation conflict satisfies one or more criteria for transmitting an inter-UE coordination message, such as described above. For example, the first UE may determine that a time gap between the conflicting resources and the detection time is greater than a threshold, thereby ensuring that the second UE has sufficient time to respond after receiving the inter-UE coordination message.

[0155] The first UE may send an inter-UE coordination message to the second UE at 1008. The inter-UE coordination message may include an indication of a set of resources to use for sidelink communication.

[0156] Go to Figure 11 , shows a block diagram of another example of a method for a first UE to trigger transmission of an inter-UE coordination message to a second UE according to some embodiments. As described, among other devices, Figure 11The method shown in the figure can also be used together with any one of the systems, methods or devices shown in the figure. In various embodiments, some of the method elements shown can be performed concurrently in an order different from the order shown, or can be omitted. Additional method elements can also be performed as needed. As shown in the figure, the method can be operated as follows.

[0157] At 1102, a trigger condition for transmitting an inter-UE coordination message may be negotiated between a first UE and a second UE, where each UE may be a UE 116 as described herein. Note that selection of the trigger condition may include determining whether the first UE will monitor and detect a triggering event (e.g., such as a half-duplex restriction) and / or whether the second UE will send a trigger signal (e.g., such as a sidelink coordination request message) to the first UE. In some embodiments, the trigger condition may include both the first UE monitoring and detecting the triggering event and the second UE being able to send a triggering signal. In some embodiments, the half-duplex restriction that may cause the triggering event may include a half-duplex restriction of the destination UE (e.g., a third UE), a half-duplex restriction of the source UE (e.g., the second UE), and / or a half-duplex restriction due to PSCCH / PSSCH transmission or reception or due to PSFCH transmission or reception.

[0158] At 1104, the first UE may detect a half-duplex restriction for a source UE (e.g., a second UE) and / or for a destination UE (e.g., a third UE). For example, the half-duplex restriction may be for a destination UE (e.g., a third UE communicating with the second UE). In such an instance, the first UE may detect that the second UE is sending a transmission to the third UE, which the third UE cannot receive, for example, because the third UE is transmitting in the same time slot as the transmission from the second UE. As another example, the half-duplex restriction may be for a source UE (e.g., the second UE). In such an instance, the first UE may detect that a fourth UE is sending a transmission to the second UE, which the second UE cannot receive, for example, because the second UE is transmitting in the same time slot as the transmission from the fourth UE. In some embodiments, the half-duplex restriction that the first UE may detect may be due to PSCCH / PSSCH transmission or reception, or due to PSFCH transmission or reception. In some embodiments, detection of the half-duplex restriction may require that the time gap between the half-duplex resource and the detection time is greater than a threshold, for example, to ensure that the second UE has sufficient time to respond after receiving the inter-UE coordination message.

[0159] At 1106, the first UE may determine that the half-duplex restriction satisfies one or more criteria for transmitting the inter-UE coordination message, e.g., as described above. For example, the first UE may determine that the time gap between the half-duplex resource and the detection time is greater than a threshold, thereby ensuring that the second UE has sufficient time to respond after receiving the inter-UE coordination message.

[0160] The first UE may send an inter-UE coordination message to the second UE at 1108. The inter-UE coordination message may include an indication of a set of resources to use for sidelink communication.

[0161] In some embodiments, the inter-UE coordination message may include a resource map indicating a set of resources for the receiving UE (e.g., such as UE 106) to use for sidelink communication. For example, the coordinating UE (e.g., a first UE (e.g., UE 106)) may detect available resources and unavailable resources within a resource selection window. The first UE may generate a resource map based on the detected available resources and unavailable resources and include the resource map in the inter-UE coordination message to the receiving UE (e.g., the second UE). The first UE and the second UE may configure (e.g., negotiate) the resource selection window and / or resource size. The resource selection window may be defined as [n+T1, n+T2], where n, T1, and T2 may be configured (e.g., negotiated, as described herein) via PC5-RRC signaling between the first UE and the second UE. In addition, the resource selection window may be configured as periodic (e.g., with a configurable / negotiable periodicity) and / or a single instance. In addition, the resource size may define how many subchannels the second UE will use for resource selection and / or indicate the granularity of available resources.

[0162] FIG. 12A to FIG. 12B and 13A to 13B An example of a resource map according to some embodiments is shown. Figure 12A and Figure 13A As shown, the resource map may indicate resources as available or unavailable, where each resource corresponds to a time slot and a subchannel. Figure 12B and Figure 13B As shown, a resource map may indicate resources as available, available with restrictions, or unavailable.

[0163] In some embodiments, a bitmap may be included in the inter-UE coordination message, where a first state (e.g., "0") may indicate that a resource is unavailable, while a second state (e.g., "1") may indicate that a resource is available. The bitmap may be a time-frequency bitmap or a frequency-time bitmap. For example, referring back to Figure 12A The time-frequency bitmap corresponding to the resource map shown may be "0100, 0011, 0101, 0010". As another example, also referring back to Figure 12A The resource map of the resource map shown, the frequency-time bitmap corresponding to the resource map can be "0000, 1010, 0101, 0110".

[0164] In some embodiments, more than one bit may be used to indicate a resource availability level, where a first state (e.g., "00") may indicate a resource as unavailable, a second state (e.g., "01") may indicate a resource as available with restrictions, and a third state (e.g., "10") may indicate a resource as available without restrictions. Note that restrictions may include interference or quality of service (QoS) restrictions on the resource (e.g., the resource is not suitable for higher QoS requirements). The bitmap may be a time-frequency bitmap or a frequency-time bitmap. For example, referring back to Figure 12B The time-frequency bitmap corresponding to the resource map shown may be "00100100, 01000110, 00100010, 00001000". As another example, also referring back to Figure 12B The frequency-time bitmap corresponding to the resource map shown may be “00010000, 10001000, 01010010, 00101000”.

[0165] In some embodiments, a compressed bitmap may be included in an inter-UE coordination message to indicate a resource set. For example, a first portion of the compressed bitmap may indicate whether a time slot includes an available subchannel. The first portion may be N bits, where N corresponds to the configured (and / or negotiated) and / or indicated resource selection window size. Note that in some embodiments, some time slots may not be available due to half-duplex conditions, for example, as described herein. Additionally, a second portion of the compressed bitmap may indicate available subchannels for the indicated available time slots. For example, referring back to Figure 13A The resource map of FIG, the compressed bitmap corresponding to the resource map shown may be "0101, 1010, 0110". Further note that this scheme can be extended to include multiple bits for each subchannel, for example to indicate the resource availability level. For example, return to reference Figure 13B The resource map shown in the figure can be "1010, 00010000, 01010010".

[0166] In some embodiments, the coordinating UE (e.g., a first UE, such as UE 106) may include detailed resources in the inter-UE coordination message. For example, the first UE (e.g., the coordinating UE) may indicate several preferred resources, e.g., rather than the entire resource availability map. In such an instance, the number of resources indicated by the first UE may be greater than the actual number of resources used by the receiving UE (e.g., the second UE, such as UE 106). The second UE (e.g., the receiving UE) may select from the indicated resources. In some embodiments, the indicated resources may be sorted based on a preference level.

[0167] In some embodiments, the inter-UE coordination message may include the number of available resources and a time-frequency indication of the available resources. The time-frequency indication may be an independently coded resource indication, for example, such as (t1, f1), (t2, f2), (t3, f3), where t1 is the time gap between the indicated resource and the inter-UE message, and f1 is the subchannel index of the indicated resource. Alternatively and / or additionally, the time-frequency indication may be a jointly coded resource indication, for example, a time resource indication value (TRIV) of a time interval (t1, t2) between the indicated resource and the inter-UE coordination message and a frequency resource indication value of a subchannel index (f1, f2). In some embodiments, the inter-UE coordination message may include an index of a pre-candidate resource, for example, as indicated in a sidelink coordination resource message received from a second UE.

[0168] In some embodiments, the periodicity of the transmission of the inter-UE coordination message may be based at least in part on an associated trigger condition. For example, upon receiving a sidelink coordination request message, the coordinating UE (e.g., a first UE such as UE 106) may send an inter-UE coordination message based on the contents of the sidelink coordination request message. In some instances, the sidelink coordination request message may include a periodicity of resources. Thus, the first UE (e.g., the coordinating UE) may determine the periodicity of the transmission of the inter-UE coordination message based on the periodicity of the resources. As another example, the transmission of the inter-UE coordination message may be aperiodic, for example, based on when a trigger condition for the first UE to transmit the inter-UE coordination message is met. As a further example, when the first UE is a local coordinating UE (e.g., coordinating sidelink communications of one or more other UEs), the first UE may periodically broadcast, groupcast, multicast, and / or unicast the inter-UE coordination message.

[0169] In some embodiments, a resource selection window for transmitting an inter-UE coordination message may be determined based at least in part on a packet delay budget (PDB). The PDB may depend on a collision time and / or a half-duplex restricted time of a second UE detected by a first UE. For example, if and / or when a resource collision time slot or a half-duplex restricted time slot is detected, a first UE (e.g., a coordinating UE, such as UE 106) may notify a second UE (e.g., another UE 106) of the processing time allowed for the second UE (e.g., for reception of the inter-UE coordination message or for resource reselection) before this occurs. Note that the processing time of the second UE may be predefined and / or preconfigured.

[0170] In some embodiments, the data priority levels of resources in the inter-UE coordination message, for example, used in a coordinating UE (such as UE 106) resource selection procedure, may be pre-configured and / or indicated in the sidelink resource request message. For example, if and / or when the sidelink coordination request message includes a data priority level, the coordinating UE may use the data priority level to select resources for transmitting the inter-UE coordination message. Alternatively, the data priority level may be pre-configured, for example, per resource pool, and / or configured via negotiation between the coordinating UE (e.g., the first UE) and the receiving UE (e.g., the second UE). Note that the negotiation may be performed via PC5-RRC.

[0171] Figure 14 A block diagram illustrating an example of a method for providing a resource set for sidelink communication according to some embodiments is shown. Figure 14 The method shown in the figure can also be used together with any one of the systems, methods or devices shown in the figure. In various embodiments, some of the method elements shown can be performed concurrently in an order different from the order shown, or can be omitted. Additional method elements can also be performed as needed. As shown in the figure, the method can be operated as follows.

[0172] At 1402, a first (e.g., coordinating) UE, such as UE 106, may determine a set of resources to transmit to a second UE (e.g., a source UE) for the second UE to use for sidelink communication. Note that the second UE may also be UE 106. This determination may be based, at least in part, on the occurrence of at least one condition. The at least one condition may include any, any combination, and / or all of the following (e.g., at least one of the following and / or one or more of the following): the first UE receives a sidelink coordination request message from the second UE (e.g., may transmit an inter-UE coordination message in response to receiving the sidelink coordination message); the first UE detects a resource reservation conflict between the second UE and a third UE (e.g., an interfering UE); and / or the first UE detects half-duplex restrictions at the second UE or a fourth UE (e.g., a destination UE). The set of resources may allocate resources for the second UE to transmit to the first UE or the fourth UE. The set of resources may include more resources than the second UE requires for sidelink communication.

[0173] In some embodiments, the first UE may determine a resource selection window for selecting resources for transmission of inter-UE coordination messages. In some embodiments, a packet delay budget associated with the resource selection window may depend at least in part on a resource contention time slot or a half-duplex restricted time slot. In addition, the first UE may determine a data priority for the inter-UE coordination message. The data priority level may be based at least in part on a data priority level included in a sidelink coordination request message received from the second UE. Alternatively and / or additionally, the data priority level may be pre-configured and / or configured per resource pool or configured via PC5 radio resource control (RRC) signaling between the first UE and the second UE.

[0174] In some embodiments, the sidelink coordination request message may include a trigger signal comprising a single bit indicating a trigger of an inter-UE coordination message and / or a multi-bit message indicating one or more criteria for selecting a resource set. The one or more criteria for selecting a resource set may include any one, any combination, and / or all of the following (e.g., at least one of the following and / or one or more of the following): a time window for the inter-UE coordination message, a time window for the resource set, a data priority associated with the resource set, a number of subchannels of the resource set, a periodicity of the resource set, a play type of the resource set, an identifier (ID) of the second UE, and / or a format of the inter-UE coordination message. The format of the inter-UE coordination message may define any one, any combination, and / or all of the following (e.g., at least one of the following and / or one or more of the following): a resource map for selecting a resource set; preferred resources of the first UE; non-preferred resources of the first UE; and / or a delay requirement for the inter-UE coordination message.

[0175] In some embodiments, when the sidelink coordination request message is a trigger signal, before receiving the sidelink coordination request message, the first UE may configure, together with the second UE, the criteria for selecting a resource set and a sidelink coordination request message resource. In addition, when the sidelink coordination request message is a trigger signal, the sidelink coordination request message resource may include one or more symbols at the end of the time slot. One or more symbols may be frequency-division multiplexed with a physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH) resource. In addition, the sidelink coordination request message resource may be associated with an identifier (ID) of the first UE and the ID of the second UE. In such an instance, the first UE may receive a sidelink coordination request message from the second UE based on the ID of the first UE and the ID of the second UE.

[0176] In some embodiments, when the sidelink coordination request message is a multi-bit message, the multi-bit message may be received via a higher layer message transmitted in a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) and / or via a sidelink control information (SCI) level 2 format. The multi-bit sidelink coordination request message may include a list of pre-candidate resources for the first UE to recommend to the second UE. The pre-candidate resource list may include resources based on the second UE's resource selection and / or resources that are a superset of the resources to be used by the second UE. Thus, the resource set may be a subset of the pre-candidate resources. In such instances, the first UE may measure the pre-candidate resources and select the subset of pre-candidate resources based on the measurements.

[0177] In some embodiments, detecting a resource reservation conflict between the second UE and the third UE may include any one, any combination, and / or all of the following (e.g., at least one of the following and / or one or more of the following): a conflict of physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) resource reservations; a conflict of physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) resource reservations; and / or a conflict of physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH) resource reservations. The resource reservation conflict may include at least one of a persistent resource conflict and / or an interference level exceeding a threshold from the third UE. In some embodiments, detecting a resource reservation conflict between the second UE and the third UE may include the first UE determining that a time gap between the conflicting resource reservations and the detection time is greater than a threshold. The threshold may be greater than or equal to a response time for the second UE to change the resource reservation after receiving the inter-UE coordination message.

[0178] In some embodiments, detection of a half-duplex restriction at a second UE (e.g., a source UE) or a fourth UE (e.g., a destination UE) may include any, any combination, and / or all of the following (e.g., at least one of the following and / or one or more of the following): the first UE detects that the second UE intends to transmit to the fourth UE during a time slot in which the fourth UE cannot receive a transmission; the first UE detects that the second UE intends to transmit to the fourth UE during a time slot in which the second UE is scheduled to receive sidelink data from a fifth UE (e.g., another UE); and / or the first UE detects that the fourth UE reserves physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) and / or physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) resources in a time slot in which the second UE has reserved transmission resources for transmission to the fourth UE. In some embodiments, detecting a half-duplex restriction at the second UE or the fourth UE may include the first UE determining that a time gap between the half-duplex restriction and the detection time is greater than a threshold. The threshold may be greater than or equal to a response time for the second UE to change resource reservations after receiving an inter-UE coordination message.

[0179] At 1404, the first UE may transmit an inter-UE coordination message to the second UE. The inter-UE coordination message may include at least an indication of the resource set. In some embodiments, transmitting the inter-UE coordination message may include any, any combination, and / or all of the following (e.g., at least one of the following and / or one or more of the following): the first UE periodically broadcasting the inter-UE coordination message, periodically multicasting the inter-UE coordination message, and / or periodically unicasting the inter-UE coordination message.

[0180] In some embodiments, resource sets may be indicated via one or more bitmaps, for example, included in an inter-UE coordination message. In some embodiments, bits within the bitmap may indicate the availability of resources within the resource set as available or unavailable. Furthermore, bits within the bitmap may correspond to a time slot and subchannel combination. In some embodiments, more than one bit within the bitmap may indicate the availability level of resources within the resource set. Furthermore, bits may correspond to a time slot and subchannel combination. Furthermore, the resource availability level may include one or more of available, limitedly available, or unavailable. In some embodiments, each bitmap within one or more bitmaps may indicate resource availability for a time slot, and one or more bits within each bitmap may indicate resource availability for a subchannel during that time slot. In other words, each bitmap may indicate subchannel availability for a time slot. In some embodiments, each bitmap within one or more bitmaps may indicate resource availability for a subchannel, and one or more bits within each bitmap may indicate resource availability for a subchannel during a time slot on the subchannel. In other words, each bitmap may indicate time slot availability for a subchannel.

[0181] In some embodiments, a resource set may be indicated via a bitmap that may include a first portion and a second portion. For example, a bit within the first portion may indicate whether a time slot includes an available subchannel, and a bit within the second portion may indicate the available subchannels for a time slot with available subchannels. In some embodiments, the availability of each subchannel within a time slot may be indicated via a bit, where the bit indicates the subchannel as available or unavailable. In some embodiments, the availability level of each subchannel within a time slot may be indicated via more than one bit, where the availability level may include available, available with restrictions, or unavailable. As another example, a bit within the first portion may indicate whether a subchannel includes an available time slot, and a bit within the second portion may indicate the available time slots for a subchannel with available time slots. In some embodiments, the availability of each time slot within a subchannel may be indicated via a bit, where the bit indicates the time slot as available or unavailable. In some embodiments, the availability level of each time slot within a subchannel may be indicated via more than one bit, where the availability level may include available, available with restrictions, or unavailable.

[0182] In some embodiments, the resource set may indicate a preferred resource set. The preferred resource set may be a subset of the resources available in the resource selection window. The resources within the preferred resource set may be ranked in order of priority, with higher-ranked resources taking precedence over lower-ranked resources.

[0183] In some embodiments, the inter-UE coordination message may also include an indication of the number of available resources within the resource set and / or an indication of the time-frequency of the available resources. The time-frequency of the available resources may be an independently coded resource indication or a jointly coded resource indication. An independently coded resource indication may include a time gap between the indicated resource and the inter-UE coordination message and a subchannel index for the indicated resource. A jointly coded resource indication may include a time resource indication value (TRIV) for the time gap between the indicated resource and the inter-UE coordination message and a frequency resource indication value (FRIV) for the subchannel index.

[0184] In some embodiments, the pre-candidate resource may be indicated by the second UE, for example, before the first UE transmits the inter-UE coordination message. In such instances, the inter-UE coordination message may include an indication of the pre-candidate resource. The indication of the pre-candidate resource may include an index of the pre-candidate resource.

[0185] It is understood that the use of personally identifiable information should be subject to privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized to meet or exceed industry or government requirements for maintaining user privacy. Specifically, personally identifiable information data should be managed and processed to minimize the risk of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly stated to users.

[0186] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in any of a variety of forms. For example, some embodiments may be implemented as computer-implemented methods, computer-readable storage media, or computer systems. Other embodiments may be implemented using one or more custom-designed hardware devices such as ASICs. Other embodiments may be implemented using one or more programmable hardware elements such as FPGAs.

[0187] In some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be configured such that it stores program instructions and / or data, wherein the program instructions, if executed by a computer system, cause the computer system to perform a method, such as any one of the method embodiments described herein, or any combination of the method embodiments described herein, or any subset of any of the method embodiments described herein or any combination of such subsets.

[0188] In some embodiments, a device (e.g., UE 106) may be configured to include a processor (or a group of processors) and a memory medium, wherein the memory medium stores program instructions, wherein the processor is configured to read and execute the program instructions from the memory medium, wherein the program instructions are executable to implement any of the various method embodiments described herein (or any combination of the method embodiments described herein, or any subset of any of the method embodiments described herein, or any combination of such subsets). The device may be implemented in any of various forms.

[0189] By interpreting each message / signal X received by a user equipment (UE) in the downlink as a message / signal X transmitted by the base station, and interpreting each message / signal Y transmitted by the UE in the uplink as a message / signal Y received by the base station, any of the methods for operating a UE described herein may become the basis for the corresponding method for operating a base station.

[0190] Although the above embodiments have been described in considerable detail, numerous variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art once the above disclosure is fully appreciated. It is intended that the following claims be interpreted to encompass all such variations and modifications.

Claims

1. A first user equipment device UE, the first UE comprising: at least one antenna; at least one radio component, wherein the at least one radio component is configured to perform wireless communications using at least one radio access technology (RAT); one or more processors coupled to the at least one radio, wherein the one or more processors and the at least one radio are configured to perform voice and / or data communications; and The one or more processors are configured to cause the first UE to: determining, based on occurrence of at least one condition, to transmit to a second UE a set of resources for use by the second UE for sidelink communication, wherein the at least one condition comprises receiving a single-bit message indicating a triggering of an inter-UE coordination message or receiving a multi-bit message indicating one or more criteria for selecting the set of resources; and generating an instruction for transmitting the inter-UE coordination message to the second UE, The inter-UE coordination message at least includes an indication of the resource set.

2. The first UE according to claim 1, The at least one condition includes one or more of the following: receiving a sidelink coordination request message from the second UE, wherein the inter-UE coordination message is transmitted in response to receiving the sidelink coordination request message; detecting a resource reservation conflict between the second UE and a third UE; or A half-duplex limitation is detected at the second UE or at a fourth UE.

3. The first UE according to claim 2, The sidelink coordination request message includes at least one of the following: a trigger signal, the trigger signal including the unit message indicating the triggering of the inter-UE coordination message; or The multi-bit message indicates the one or more criteria for selecting the resource set.

4. The first UE according to claim 3, The sidelink coordination request message is a trigger signal, and before receiving the sidelink coordination request message, the one or more processors are further configured to cause the first UE to: Criteria for selecting the resource set and sidelink coordination request message resources are configured together with the second UE.

5. The first UE according to claim 4, The sidelink coordination request message resources include one or more symbols at the end of a time slot.

6. The first UE according to claim 5, The one or more symbols are frequency-division multiplexed with a physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH) resource.

7. The first UE according to claim 5, The sidelink coordination request message resource is associated with the identifier ID of the first UE and the ID of the second UE.

8. The first UE according to claim 7, The one or more processors are further configured to cause the first UE to: The sidelink coordination request message is received from a second UE based on the ID of the first UE and the ID of the second UE.

9. The first UE according to claim 3, Wherein the multi-bit message is received via a higher layer message transmitted in a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH).

10. The first UE according to claim 3, Wherein the multi-bit message is received via a sidelink control information (SCI) level 2 format.

11. The first UE according to claim 3, The one or more criteria for selecting the resource set include at least one of the following: A time window for coordination messages between the UEs; a time window for the set of resources; a data priority associated with the resource set; the number of subchannels of the resource set; the periodicity of the resource set; The playback type of the resource set; the identifier ID of the fourth UE; or The format of the inter-UE coordination message.

12. The first UE according to claim 11, The format of the inter-UE coordination message defines one or more of the following: a resource map for selecting the resource set; preferred resources of the second UE; the non-preferred resources of the second UE; or The delay requirement of the inter-UE coordination message.

13. The first UE according to claim 3, The multi-bit message includes a list of pre-candidate resources recommended by the first UE to the second UE.

14. The first UE according to claim 13, The list of pre-candidate resources includes at least one of the following: Resources selected based on resources of the second UE; or Resources that are a superset of resources to be used by the second UE.

15. The first UE according to claim 13, The resource set is a subset of the pre-candidate resources.

16. The first UE according to claim 15, The one or more processors are further configured to cause the first UE to: measuring the pre-candidate resources; and The subset of the pre-candidate resources is selected based on the measurements.

17. The first UE according to claim 2, The resource reservation conflict between the second UE and the third UE includes at least one of the following: Conflict between Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH) and Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH) resource reservations; or Conflict in Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel (PSFCH) resource reservation.

18. The first UE according to claim 2, The resource reservation conflict comprises at least one of a persistent resource conflict or an interference level from the third UE exceeding a threshold.

19. The first UE according to claim 2, In order to detect the resource reservation conflict between the second UE and the third UE, the one or more processors are further configured to enable the first UE to determine that a time gap between conflicting resource reservation and a detection time is greater than a threshold.

20. The first UE according to claim 19, The threshold is greater than or equal to a response time of the second UE changing resource reservation after receiving the inter-UE coordination message.

21. The first UE according to claim 2, Wherein, in order to detect the half-duplex restriction at the second UE or the fourth UE, the one or more processors are further configured to cause the first UE to detect that the second UE intends to transmit to the fourth UE during a time slot in which the fourth UE cannot receive transmissions, the second UE intends to transmit to the fourth UE during a time slot in which the second UE is scheduled to receive sidelink data from a fifth UE, or the half-duplex restriction is for a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) / physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) or for a physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH).

22. The first UE according to claim 2, In order to detect the half-duplex restriction at the second UE or the fourth UE, the one or more processors are further configured to enable the first UE to determine that a time gap between the half-duplex restriction and a detection time is greater than a threshold.

23. The first UE according to claim 22, The threshold is greater than or equal to a response time of the second UE changing resource reservation after receiving the inter-UE coordination message.

24. The first UE according to claim 1, The one or more processors are further configured to cause the first UE to: A resource selection window for selecting resources for transmission of the inter-UE coordination message is determined.

25. The first UE according to claim 24, A packet delay budget associated with the resource selection window is at least partially determined by a resource contention time slot or a half-duplex restricted time slot.

26. The first UE according to claim 24, The one or more processors are further configured to determine a data priority level of the inter-UE coordination message.

27. The first UE according to claim 26, Wherein the data priority level is based at least in part on a data priority level included in a sidelink coordination request message received from the second UE.

28. The first UE according to claim 26, The data priority level is pre-configured or configured per resource pool or configured via PC5 radio resource control signaling between the first UE and the second UE.

29. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: Memory; and at least one processor in communication with the memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured to: Determining, based on occurrence of at least one condition, to transmit to a source user equipment device UE a set of resources for use by the source UE for sidelink communication; determining a data priority of the inter-UE coordination message, wherein the data priority is based at least in part on a data priority level included in a sidelink coordination request message received from the source UE or is preconfigured per resource pool; and Instructions are generated for transmitting the inter-UE coordination message to the source UE, wherein the inter-UE coordination message includes at least an indication of the resource set.

30. The device according to claim 29, The resource set allocates resources for the source UE to transmit to a coordinating UE associated with the apparatus or to a destination UE.

31. The device according to claim 29, In order to generate an instruction for transmitting the inter-UE coordination message, the at least one processor is further configured to: generating an instruction for periodically broadcasting the inter-UE coordination message; generating an instruction for periodically multicasting the inter-UE coordination message; or Instructions for periodically unicasting the inter-UE coordination message are generated.

32. The device according to claim 29, The resource set is indicated via one or more bitmaps.

33. The device according to claim 32, Wherein bits within the bitmap indicate availability of resources within the resource set as available or unavailable, and wherein bits correspond to time slot and subchannel combinations.

34. The device according to claim 32, Two or more bits within the bitmap indicate an availability level of resources within the resource set, wherein the two or more bits correspond to a time slot and subchannel combination.

35. The device according to claim 34, The availability level includes one or more of available, available with restrictions, or unavailable.

36. The device according to claim 32, Wherein each bitmap of the one or more bitmaps indicates resource availability for a time slot, and wherein one or more bits within each bitmap indicate resource availability for a subchannel during the time slot.

37. The device according to claim 32, Wherein each bitmap of the one or more bitmaps indicates resource availability for a subchannel, and wherein one or more bits within each bitmap indicate resource availability during a time slot on the subchannel.

38. The device according to claim 29, The resource sets are indicated via a bitmap, wherein the bitmap comprises a first portion and a second portion, wherein bits within the first portion indicate whether a timeslot includes an available subchannel, and wherein the second portion indicates available subchannels for timeslots having available subchannels.

39. The device according to claim 38, Wherein the availability of each subchannel within a time slot is indicated via a bit, and wherein the bit indicates the subchannel as available or unavailable.

40. The device according to claim 38, The availability level of each subchannel within the time slot is indicated via more than one bit, wherein the availability level includes available, available with restrictions, or unavailable.

41. The device according to claim 29, The resource sets are indicated via a bitmap, wherein the bitmap comprises a first portion and a second portion, wherein bits within the first portion indicate whether a subchannel includes an available time slot, and wherein the second portion indicates available time slots for subchannels having available time slots.

42. The device according to claim 41, Wherein the availability of each time slot within the sub-channel is indicated via a bit, and wherein the bit indicates the time slot as available or unavailable.

43. The device according to claim 41, The availability level of each time slot within the sub-channel is indicated via more than one bit, wherein the availability level includes available, available with restrictions, or unavailable.

44. A non-transitory computer-readable memory medium storing program instructions, the program instructions being executable by a processing circuit to cause a first user equipment device (UE) to: Based on the occurrence of at least one condition, determining to transmit to a second UE a set of resources for use by the second UE for sidelink communication; and An inter-UE coordination message is transmitted to the second UE, wherein the inter-UE coordination message includes an indication of the resource set and an indication of the time-frequency of available resources, wherein the time-frequency of the available resources is a jointly coded resource indication, and wherein the jointly coded resource indication includes a time resource indication value (TRIV) of a time gap between the indicated resources and the inter-UE coordination message and a frequency resource indication value (FRIV) of a subchannel index.

45. The non-transitory computer readable memory medium of claim 44, The resource set indicates a preferred resource set, wherein the preferred resource set is a subset of resources available in a resource selection window.

46. The non-transitory computer readable memory medium of claim 45, The resources within the preferred resource set are ranked in priority order, wherein higher ranked resources take precedence over lower ranked resources.

47. The non-transitory computer readable memory medium of claim 44, The resource set is more resources than resources required by the second UE for sidelink communication.

48. The non-transitory computer readable memory medium of claim 44, The inter-UE coordination message further includes an indication of the quantity of available resources in the resource set.

49. The non-transitory computer readable memory medium of claim 44, The pre-candidate resource is indicated by the second UE, and the inter-UE coordination message further includes an indication of the pre-candidate resource.

50. The non-transitory computer readable memory medium of claim 49, The indication of the pre-candidate resource includes an index of the pre-candidate resource.

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