A storage type well logging time-depth acquisition method and device suitable for various conveying tools

Abstract

The application discloses a storage type logging time-depth acquisition method and device suitable for various conveying tools, relates to the field of logging control, and comprises a data acquisition module, a depth calibration module, an abnormality monitoring module, a drilling tool management module A, a real-time depth correction module, a data storage module and a post-measurement data processing module. The post-measurement data processing module comprises a motion interval judgment module, a clock synchronization module, a drilling tool management module B, a lost depth recovery module, a depth re-calibration module, a secondary depth correction module and a time-depth export module. The method comprises a drilling tool conveying type real-time well depth acquisition method, a drilling tool conveying type post-measurement well depth acquisition method, a post-measurement well depth acquisition in a depth acquisition-free scene and a coiled tubing conveying type post-measurement well depth acquisition. The application provides various depth correction methods, error data correction and depth loss recovery functions and can realize the operation of various storage type logging scenes.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of well logging control, in particular to a storage type well logging time-depth acquisition method and device suitable for various conveying tools, through which time-depth data acquisition of various conveying tools such as drilling machines, well penetrating machines, well repairing machines, coiled tubing machines and cables for storage type well logging operation can be realized, and various depth correction methods and depth loss recovery functions are provided. BACKGROUND

[0002] The storage type well logging is a newly emerging well logging technology in recent years, which mainly consists of three parts: a downhole logging unit, a ground depth measuring unit and a post logging data processing unit, wherein the downhole logging unit is responsible for collecting and storing "time-engineering measurement data" at equal time intervals during the construction process; the ground depth measuring unit is responsible for measuring and storing "time-depth" data of the instrument entering the well during the construction process; and the post logging data processing unit is responsible for merging the "time-engineering measurement" data stored in the downhole and the "time-depth" data generated by the ground unit to form a "depth-engineering measurement" curve with time as the intermediate medium, which is a new technology different from traditional cable logging and drilling tool conveying cable logging, and is suitable for well logging operation of high deviation wells and super long horizontal wells under poor well conditions, and is welcomed by oilfield users.

[0003] The storage type well depth measurement technology of the drilling tool conveying method on the market at present is mostly improved based on the general drilling depth system, which directly installs an optical encoder on the center shaft of the drilling machine winch drum, drives the optical encoder to rotate to generate pulse counts through shaft rotation, and converts the obtained pulse counts into the up and down displacement of the hook height by cooperating with the hook height calibration file, wherein the hook height calibration method usually has two kinds: indirect method and direct method.

[0004] The indirect calibration method is to generate a "pulse count-hook height" calibration file based on the circular calculation model by obtaining the parameters of the drilling machine winch and the diameter of the large rope (1), and the specific calibration parameters are shown in the attached Figure 1 .

[0005] The optical encoder is installed on the center shaft of the winch drum, and the optical encoder rotates to generate a week pulse count every time the winch drum (2) rotates one circle, so each increment of the pulse count value represents a certain length of the large rope. Since the large rope is wound in multiple layers on the drum, the diameter of the large rope circle wound on the drum is not fixed, as shown in the attached Figure 1 , the length L j (see the attached Figure 1 ABC) of the jth layer of large rope wound on the drum is calculated as formula (1).

[0006]

[0007] Where: j is the number of the large rope layer, from the inside to the outside, they are 1, 2, 3, ...

[0008] r is the radius of the large rope.

[0009] R j is the distance from each layer of rope to the drum axis, Figure 1 get:

[0010]

[0011] Where R is the roller radius.

[0012] So each increment of the photoelectric encoder pulse count value ΔL j It does not represent the same length of rope, the relationship is

[0013]

[0014] Where: m is the total number of pulses generated by the photoelectric encoder during one rotation.

[0015] When j = 1, the length of the rope wound into the drum is as shown in formula (4):

[0016] LΔL1*n (4)

[0017] Where n is the pulse count value. The higher the hook height, the larger the value. The length of the rope wound into the drum after the rope has covered the first layer is shown in formula (5).

[0018] L1=ΔL1m(X-X0) (5)

[0019] Where X is the number of turns of the rope in each layer, and X0 is the number of turns of the rope remaining on the drum when the hook height is equal to 0.

[0020] When j>1, the length of the rope wound into the drum is as shown in formula (6):

[0021] L=L j-1 +ΔL j [n-(j-2)mX-mX0] (6)

[0022] Where L j-1 After the drum is fully covered with the j-1th layer of rope, the length of the rope wound into the drum is shown in formula (7):

[0023]

[0024] The relationship between the hook height H and the rope length L wound into the drum is shown in formula (8).

[0025]

[0026] In the formula, a is the number of large rope strands wound on the upper end of the hook trolley pulley block.

[0027] The above is the algorithm description of the indirect calibration method.

[0028] The direct calibration method is to use a tape measure to measure the large hook from the drilling platform surface to the highest point, and to collect pulse count data at the initial point of the rope wound on the winch drum and the critical point of the rope layer change, and to measure the height of the large hook, and finally to generate a "pulse count-large hook height" calibration file.

[0029] Due to the influence of the change of the large rope bearing state and the drum wire arrangement, whether it is the direct calibration method or the indirect calibration method, there is a certain error in the measurement result, and some errors are also accumulated, such as the large hook height drift phenomenon.

[0030] During the tripping process, when the large hook is connected to the drill string and runs, the large hook is heavily loaded, and the rope is in a fully taut state; when the large hook is unloaded, the large hook is lightly loaded, and the rope is in a relatively relaxed state. Thus, the total amount of pulse count generated by the photoelectric encoder in the opposite direction of the up and down stroke will have a slight deviation, and the deviation direction generated by each stroke is consistent. After the large hook is tripped several times, the deviation accumulates to cause the large hook to be in a low point value that does not return to zero, which is called large hook height drift. If the influence of the large hook height drift phenomenon is not considered during the field depth measurement, the error of the measured depth data will become larger and larger.

[0031] In order to reduce the measurement error and eliminate the accumulated error during the construction process, the usual practice is to require the drilling crew to provide the drill string table and to strictly follow the drill string table sequence to lower the drill string, and to require the same height of the set string each time. However, during the construction process, on the one hand, it is inevitable that the drill string will be lowered out of order, and on the other hand, in the process of open hole drilling, three-piece slip tools are usually used to set the drill string in order to ensure safety, which makes it difficult to ensure the consistency of the set height each time.

[0032] In order to extract the instrument depth data from the large hook displacement data, the large hook bearing state needs to be monitored on site - whether the drill string is connected and moved. The usual practice is to install a large rope tension sensor or a pressure transmitter at the end of the large rope to collect the large hook suspension value, to judge the large hook bearing state by setting an intermediate threshold, and to convert the large hook displacement data when the large hook is connected to the drill string into instrument depth data.

[0033] During the field construction process, the large hook suspension value fluctuation caused by the resistance and sticking of the instrument and the drill string, and the small number of drill strings near the wellhead, will cause misjudgment of the large hook bearing state, resulting in problems such as loss or misplacement of the measured well depth data.

[0034] The field hardware failure (such as the well site derrick press broken signal line, depth acquisition box damage, etc.) causes the depth data acquisition to be interrupted, if the drilling tool is in the process of hanging the drilling tool to pull the logging at this time, it is impossible to stop the operation in time, especially for the logging instrument which contains the open leg structure in the downhole instrument combination, once the instrument is open legged to measure, it is not allowed to be lowered again. Otherwise, the instrument will be damaged and safety accidents will occur. When this happens, the current column of depth data measurement will be missed.

[0035] In addition, for the storage logging process, the downhole measurement unit clock and the surface depth measurement unit clock are independent of each other during logging. Before the instrument is put into the well, the clocks need to be synchronized, that is, the downhole measurement unit clock and the surface depth measurement unit clock are synchronized, so as to ensure the synchronization of the data after logging. However, due to the different working environments of the downhole unit and the surface unit, especially for high-temperature wells, ultra-deep wells and long operation time wells, the two independent units will inevitably be out of sync after a long time of operation. If the time-depth matching is directly performed after logging, there will be problems.

[0036] In addition to the above storage logging process using drill pipe transportation, the continuous tubing push storage type cementing quality logging is also popular now. It is to hang the logging instrument through the adapter to the lower end of the continuous tubing, use two vertically opposite rotating chains to drive the injection head to control the continuous tubing to go up and down, rely on the strength and toughness of the continuous tubing itself to transport the logging instrument to the deep well for logging operation. The depth measurement device is generally installed between the drum and the goose neck pipe. The measurement wheel and the continuous tubing are directly contacted, the linear motion of the continuous tubing is converted into the circular motion of the measurement wheel by the friction between them, and then the pulse count generated by the rotation of the photoelectric encoder installed in the center of the measurement wheel is used to record the depth measurement. This depth calibration method is relatively simple. Only the length equivalent corresponding to each pulse can be calculated by using the circumference C of the measurement wheel and the pulse count n generated by one rotation of the photoelectric encoder.

[0037] During the process of pushing the logging instrument, the continuous tubing is in a nearly sinusoidal bending state in the wellbore due to the influence of its own reaction force and friction. Thus, the depth data measured by the foregoing method is not the actual depth of the instrument into the well, but the length of the continuous tubing into the well. The difference between the two will become larger and larger as the well depth increases. There are problems in directly matching the measured time-depth data with the downhole data after logging.

[0038] In summary, when using drill pipe transportation for operation, the depth measurement process is segmented and measured with a single column of drilling tools as a unit. When using continuous tubing for transportation, although the depth measurement can be continuous, there is still a large error in the local depth due to the above factors. Therefore, the depth data directly measured by the two methods needs to be calibrated before use. The calibration formula is shown in formula (9).

[0039] h co = P + [(L re / L ce )*(h - P)] (9)

[0040] For the drill pipe delivery mode: P is the actual depth of the current drilling tool when the drill pipe to be connected is released from the slip, L re is the actual length of the current drilling tool (both parameters can be directly obtained from the drilling tool table), L ce is the measured length converted by the photoelectric encoder; h is the instrument depth converted by the photoelectric encoder at each time point;

[0041] For the coiled tubing delivery storage type cementing quality logging, P is the real-time depth of the casing port corresponding to the measured magnetic positioning nipple, L re is the actual length of the current cementing casing (both parameters can be directly obtained from the cementing casing table), L ce is the measured depth converted by the photoelectric encoder; h is the instrument depth converted by the photoelectric encoder at each time point;

[0042] The storage logging construction site has complex conditions, and there are many factors affecting the accurate measurement of depth. Therefore, an integrated time-depth data acquisition method and device suitable for various delivery tools and various complex conditions is urgently needed.

[0043] In the description of the processing method and device of the time-depth data of the logging equipment in the Chinese patent document (application number: CN201410429511.5), a large amount of space is used to describe the judgment of the large hook slip state, that is, whether the bottom end of the large hook is connected with the drilling tool: when the large hook is connected with the drilling tool, the large hook and the downhole instrument move synchronously, and at this time the measured depth data is valid data; when the large hook is empty, the drilling tool string is clamped at the wellhead, and at this time the large hook moves regardless of the downhole instrument. If the slip state is judged incorrectly, the error of missing valid data or misidentifying invalid data will occur. Therefore, in the patent document, a very complex large hook slip judgment method is described, and even a video monitoring means is introduced. This invention can only acquire the effective depth data in the measurement process, and the factors affecting the accuracy, effectiveness and data integrity of the depth measurement in the field operation process are not mentioned. For example, the error accumulation caused by the large hook height drift in the drill pipe delivery process, the depth data loss problem caused by the data acquisition system failure in the operation process, the problem of the different synchronization of the downhole and ground system clocks after long time high temperature well operation, the large depth measurement error caused by the calibration model defects, the drill pipe dropping disorder problem and the coiled tubing machine delivery type depth acquisition problem, etc.

[0044] The visualization method of drawing a curve after measurement and dragging a mouse can solve the problems of judging the slip state, the problem of clock asynchronization between the downhole system and the ground system and the problem of finding back the lost depth data, the multiple depth recalculation method of correcting and calibrating the model after measurement can reduce the depth measurement error and the cumulative error caused by the hook height drift as much as possible, the sorting mode can solve the problem of random order of the drilling tool, and the system also provides the method for acquiring the time-depth data of the coiled tubing and other conveying tools. SUMMARY

[0045] The storage type logging time-depth acquisition method and device suitable for various conveying tools can easily and simply acquire the time-depth data of the downhole instrument in the storage type logging construction process, and can solve the problems of depth data measurement misplacement, loss and large error caused by the abnormal working conditions commonly occurring in the construction site.

[0046] The purpose of the present application is achieved by the following technical scheme: the storage type logging time-depth acquisition device suitable for various conveying tools comprises a data acquisition module, a depth calibration module, an abnormality monitoring module, a drilling tool management module A, a real-time depth calibration module, a data storage module and a post-measurement data processing module, the data acquisition module acquires the pulse count of the photoelectric encoder and the voltage value of the hook load sensor through a ground depth acquisition box; the depth calibration module is used for converting the depth calibration file into the hook height displacement and the hook load value; the abnormality monitoring module is used for real-time alarming of the abnormal working conditions in the logging construction process; the drilling tool management module A judges the drilling tool movement interval by setting the hook load threshold value, and converts the hook height displacement in the drilling tool movement interval into the instrument downhole depth data; the real-time depth calibration module calibrates the instrument downhole depth data in real time with the drilling tool table to eliminate the cumulative error; the data storage module is used for real-time storage of the original acquisition data and the downhole depth data converted by the drilling tool management module A, and the post-measurement data processing module is used for secondary editing of the original acquisition data and the converted downhole depth data in the data storage module when the abnormal working conditions occur.

[0047] As a further technical solution, the post-measurement data processing module comprises a motion interval judgment module, a clock synchronization module, a drilling tool management module B, a loss depth recovery module, a depth re-calibration module, a secondary depth calibration module, and a time-depth derivation module. The motion interval judgment module is used to cooperate with the drilling tool management module B to judge and correct the drilling tool motion interval, so that the converted instrument depth data is more complete. The clock synchronization module is used to synchronize the ground drilling tool motion interval and the downhole instrument motion interval, so that the converted time-depth data is real and reliable. The loss depth recovery module is used to generate segmented time-depth data according to the current drilling tool motion model by means of the drilling tool table. The depth re-calibration module is used to re-convert the original collected time-depth data into instrument depth according to the current re-corrected depth calibration file, and the depth measurement error is smaller and more consistent with the actual measurement by repeatedly operating multiple times with the aid of the drilling tool table. The secondary depth calibration module is used to re-calibrate the converted data after depth re-calibration. The secondary depth calibration module is also used for depth calibration of drilling tool drop disorder and inconsistent drilling tool stuck height during construction. The time-depth derivation module is used to generate time-depth data files for downhole data time-depth matching according to specific data format standards.

[0048] The acquisition method of the acquisition device comprises at least one of the following sub-methods:

[0049] Sub-method A: Drilling tool conveying type real-time well depth acquisition: first, convert the collected pulse count and hanging weight sensor data into hook height and hanging weight values through a depth calibration table. Determine the hook load state by setting a hanging weight threshold. When it is determined that the hook is in the state of hanging a drill string, convert the current hook height value into instrument depth data. At the same time, generate a motion information table for each drilling string lifting process. Finally, use the drilling tool table depth calibration function to derive;

[0050] Sub-method B: Drilling tool conveying type post-measurement well depth acquisition: store all the hook height and hanging weight data during real-time measurement. After measurement, simulate the construction process by modeling to quickly generate segmented instrument depth data and a motion information table. The erroneous motion information table content is manually corrected, the loss depth data segment is automatically filled, the downhole and ground time-depth data clock is synchronized, and the time-depth data file for drilling tool table depth calibration is derived after the whole well section time-depth data editing is completed;

[0051] Sub-method C: Drilling tool conveying type post-measurement depth acquisition: the original pulse count value and the hanging load sensor data record collected in real time on site are stored, and the time-depth data of the entire measurement section is recalculated by data modeling according to the corrected depth calibration file after measurement, the depth recalculation method process can be repeated multiple times until the depth measurement error reaches the set value, the depth recalculation method corrects the starting position of the time-depth data in each motion interval, automatically fills the missing depth data section, synchronizes the time-depth data clock of the downhole and the ground, and after the editing of the entire well section time-depth data is completed, the time-depth data file of the drilling tool table depth calibration is exported;

[0052] Sub-method D: post-measurement depth acquisition in the absence of depth acquisition scene: all motion interval sections in the measurement process are accurately determined by using the hanging load data and downhole data after measurement, and the missing depth data section is automatically filled in combination with the drilling tool table to generate relatively accurate time-depth data, and the measurement results of each drill string tripping process are generated into a motion information table, and finally the drilling tool table depth calibration function is used for export;

[0053] Sub-method E: coiled tubing conveying type post-measurement depth acquisition: after measurement, the photoelectric encoder pulse count stored in real time on site is recalculated multiple times according to the measurement wheel correction model, and then the downhole CCL data and the cementing casing table are used for depth calibration, the downhole CCL hoop peak value characteristics are used to determine each casing interval by setting a threshold, and then the casing data in the casing table are corresponded one by one, so as to realize the casing table depth calibration;

[0054] For the sub-methods A, B and C, the depth calibration is performed according to the direct calibration method or the indirect calibration method before measurement, to generate a pulse count value and hook displacement amount corresponding relationship table, and the drilling tool sequence table of this time is imported as the depth calibration basis;

[0055] For the sub-method E, the length equivalent of each pulse count is generated by using the measurement wheel circumference and the pulse number of one revolution of the photoelectric encoder.

[0056] As a further technical solution, the method for automatically filling the missing depth data section is that in the single-column drilling tool motion interval, the winch drum rotation can basically be uniform, the pulse count value generated by the rotation of the photoelectric encoder has a linear relationship with time, and considering that the large rope is wound after the full layer on the drum, the hook height converted from the pulse count value according to the depth calibration table has a polyline relationship with time, and the missing depth data section is automatically filled according to this model in combination with the drilling tool table.

[0057] As a further technical solution, the method for synchronizing the downhole and ground time-depth data clock is to use a graphical method to take the downhole data time as a reference, and to translate the ground time-depth data so that the downhole and ground time-depth data clock are synchronized.

[0058] As a further technical solution, in the sub-methods B, C and D, when applied to cementing quality logging operations, the downhole CCL data and the cementing casing table are used to further calibrate the time-depth data file derived from the drill tool table to improve the accuracy of the time-depth measurement.

[0059] As a further technical solution, the depth recalculation method includes the following steps:

[0060] Step 1: Collect and store the pulse count and suspended weight voltage in real time, and proceed to step 2;

[0061] Step 2: Using time as the horizontal axis, draw the pulse count, hanging weight voltage curve and downhole data curve, and proceed to step 3;

[0062] Step 3: Determine whether the downhole instrument is synchronized with the surface clock. If yes, proceed to step 5; if not, proceed to step 4.

[0063] Step 4: Using the downhole curve as a reference, translate the pulse count and the suspended weight voltage curve to achieve clock synchronization, and proceed to step 5;

[0064] Step 5: Determine whether the pulse counting data segment is lost. If yes, proceed to step 6; if no, proceed to step 7.

[0065] Step 6: Complete the pulse counting curve by drawing, and proceed to step 7;

[0066] Step 7: Jump to the starting data bar and go to step 8;

[0067] Step 8: Determine whether the suspended weight voltage value is greater than the preset threshold value. If so, proceed to step 9. If not, check whether the current data has reached the end of the data. If so, proceed to step 10. If not, jump to the next data and restart step 8.

[0068] Step 9: Get the drill tool motion interval data and check whether the current data has reached the end of the data. If it is, go to step 10. If not, jump to the next data and restart step 8.

[0069] Step 10: Count the pulses in the motion interval and generate depth data based on the calibration file, and then proceed to step 11;

[0070] Step 11: Determine whether the difference between the actual length of the drill tool and the measured length of the drill tool is less than a preset threshold value. If so, proceed to step 12. If not, revise the calibration model and return to step 10.

[0071] Step 12: Calibrate the stored depth according to the drilling tool table.

[0072] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0073] 1. The visualization method through post-measurement curve drawing and mouse dragging can solve the problems of slip state judgment, underground and ground system clock synchronization, and missing depth data recovery;

[0074] 2. The multiple depth recalculation method through post-measurement correction calibration model can reduce the depth measurement error and the cumulative error influence caused by the hook height drift as much as possible, and can also solve the drill string lowering disorder problem by using the sorting method;

[0075] 3. The system also provides a time-depth data acquisition method of a coiled tubing and other conveying tools, which can be applied to time-depth acquisition of logging equipment of various conveying tools, and has strong universality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0076] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic diagram of a winch drum in the application.

[0077] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a real-time well depth measurement system in the application.

[0078] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a time-depth data post-measurement processing module in the application.

[0079] Figure 4 It is a comprehensive flowchart of time-depth data acquisition in the application.

[0080] Figure 5a It is a curve diagram of the relationship between pulse counting and time in a single motion interval in the application.

[0081] Figure 5b It is a curve diagram of the relationship between hook height and time in a single motion interval in the application.

[0082] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the underground and ground data clock synchronization process in the application.

[0083] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the casing depth correction process of the storage type cementing quality logging in the application.

[0084] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the post-measurement depth data recalculation process in the application.

[0085] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the casing depth correction process of the storage type cementing quality logging of the coiled tubing conveying in the application.

[0086] Figure 10 It is a program block diagram of the core algorithm of the post-measurement time-depth data processing in the application.

[0087] Explanation of reference numerals: large rope 1, drum 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0088] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0089] Example: As shown in the attached Figure 2 As shown in FIG, this storage-type logging time-depth acquisition device for various conveying tools includes a data acquisition module, a depth calibration module, an abnormality monitoring module, a drilling tool management module A, a real-time depth calibration module, a data storage module, and a post-test data processing module. Figure 3 ,The post-measurement data processing module includes the motion interval judgment ,module, clock synchronization module, drilling tool management module B, lost depth ,retrieval module, depth recalibration module, secondary depth calibration module and time-depth ,export module.

[0090] Furthermore, the data acquisition module collects the pulse count of the photoelectric encoder and the voltage value of the hook hanging weight sensor through the ground depth acquisition box. The depth calibration module uses the depth calibration file generated before the construction operation and converts the depth calibration file into the hook height displacement and the hook hanging weight value. The abnormal monitoring module can alarm in real time for abnormal working conditions during the logging construction process, so that the on-site operator can detect abnormalities in time. The drilling tool management module A uses the method of setting the hook hanging weight threshold to determine the drilling tool movement range and converts the hook height displacement within the drilling tool movement range into the instrument well depth data. The real-time depth calibration module calibrates the instrument well depth data in real time with the drilling tool table to eliminate cumulative errors. The data storage module can store the original collected data and the well depth data converted by the drilling tool management module A in real time. The post-measurement data processing module can perform secondary editing on the original collected data and the converted well depth data in the data storage module when abnormal working conditions occur.

[0091] Furthermore, the post-measurement data processing module can perform secondary editing on the depth data stored during real-time depth measurement. The motion interval determination module, in conjunction with the drill tool management module B, determines and corrects the drill tool motion interval, ensuring that the converted instrument depth data is more complete. The clock synchronization module synchronizes the surface drill tool motion interval with the downhole instrument motion interval, ensuring that the converted time-depth data is accurate and reliable. The lost depth retrieval module, using the drill tool table, generates segmented time-depth data based on the current drill string length and the on-site tripping drill tool motion model. The depth recalibration module reconverts the originally acquired time-depth data to the instrument depth using the newly corrected depth calibration file. This operation can be repeated multiple times using the drill tool table to minimize depth measurement errors and better align with actual measurements. The secondary depth calibration module recalibrates the converted data after depth recalibration. This module also features depth calibration for mixed drill tool lowering sequences and inconsistent drill tool seat heights during operation. The time-depth export module generates time-depth data files according to specific data format standards for matching downhole data with time-depth data.

[0092] The acquisition method using the acquisition device comprises at least one of the following sub-methods:

[0093] Sub-method A: real-time well depth acquisition in the mode of drill string conveying: first, the collected pulse count and hanging load sensor data are converted into hook height and hanging load values through a depth calibration table, the hook load bearing state is judged by setting a hanging load threshold, when it is judged that the hook is in the state of connecting a drill string, the current hook height value is converted into instrument depth data when entering the well, meanwhile, the measurement results of each drill string lifting and lowering process are used to generate a motion information table, and finally, the depth calibration function of the drill string table is used for export;

[0094] Sub-method B: post-measurement well depth acquisition in the mode of drill string conveying: the hook height and hanging load data in the real-time measurement process are all stored, after measurement, the construction process is simulated by modeling to quickly generate segmented instrument depth data when entering the well and a motion information table, the content of the error motion information table is manually corrected, the missing depth data segment is automatically filled, the downhole and ground time-depth data clock is synchronized, after the editing of the whole well section time-depth data is completed, the time-depth data file of the depth calibration of the drill string table is exported;

[0095] Sub-method C: post-measurement well depth acquisition in the mode of drill string conveying: the original pulse count value and hanging load sensor data recorded in the real-time acquisition on site are stored, after measurement, the time-depth data of the whole measurement section is recalculated according to the corrected depth calibration file by the data modeling method, the depth recalculation method can be repeated multiple times until the depth measurement error reaches the set value, the depth recalculation method corrects the starting position of the time-depth data in each motion interval, automatically fills the missing depth data segment, synchronizes the downhole and ground time-depth data clock, after the editing of the whole well section time-depth data is completed, the time-depth data file of the depth calibration of the drill string table is exported;

[0096] Sub-method D: post-measurement well depth acquisition in the scene without depth acquisition: after measurement, all motion interval segments in the measurement process are accurately judged by using the hanging load data and downhole data, the missing depth data segment is automatically filled in combination with the drill string table to generate relatively accurate time-depth data, meanwhile, the measurement results of each drill string lifting and lowering process are used to generate a motion information table, finally, the depth calibration function of the drill string table is used for export;

[0097] Sub-method E: post-measurement well depth acquisition in the mode of continuous oil pipe conveying: first, the photoelectric encoder pulse count stored in the real-time acquisition on site is recalculated multiple times according to the measurement wheel correction model, then the downhole CCL data and the cementing casing table are used for depth calibration, the peak value characteristics of the downhole CCL are used to judge each casing interval by setting a threshold, then the casing data in the casing table are corresponded one by one, and thus the casing table depth calibration is realized;

[0098] For the sub-methods A, B and C, the depth calibration is firstly performed according to the direct calibration method or the indirect calibration method before logging, to generate a pulse count value and hook displacement amount corresponding relation table, and the present drilling tool sequence table is imported as the depth calibration basis;

[0099] For the sub-method E, the length equivalent of each pulse count is generated by using the measurement wheel circumference and the pulse number of one rotation of the photoelectric encoder.

[0100] The method for automatically filling the missing depth data section is that, in the single column drilling tool movement interval, the winch drum 2 rotation can basically be uniform, the pulse count value generated by the photoelectric encoder rotation has a linear relationship with time, and the hook height converted from the pulse count value according to the depth calibration table has a broken line relationship with time, considering the layering winding after the full layer of the large rope on the drum, and the missing depth data section is automatically filled by combining the drilling tool table according to this model.

[0101] The method for synchronizing the downhole and surface time-depth data clocks is that, the surface time-depth data is translated by taking the downhole data time as the reference in a graphical manner, so that the downhole and surface time-depth data clocks are synchronized.

[0102] In the sub-methods B, C and D, when applied to cementing quality logging operation, the downhole CCL data and the cementing casing table are used to further calibrate the time-depth data file of the drilling tool table calibrated by the depth, to improve the accuracy of the time-depth measurement.

[0103] Reference is made to the accompanying drawings Figure 10 The depth recalculation method comprises the following steps:

[0104] Step one: the pulse count and the real-time collected and stored suspension weight voltage value are entered into step two;

[0105] Step two: the pulse count, the suspension weight voltage curve and the downhole data curve are plotted with time as the horizontal coordinate, and step three is entered;

[0106] Step three: it is judged whether the downhole instrument and the surface clock are synchronized, if yes, step five is entered, and if no, step four is entered;

[0107] Step four: the pulse count and the suspension weight voltage curve are translated by taking the downhole curve as the reference to realize the clock synchronization, and step five is entered;

[0108] Step five: it is judged whether the pulse count data section is missing, if yes, step six is entered, and if no, step seven is entered;

[0109] Step six: the pulse count curve is filled by plotting, and step seven is entered;

[0110] Step seven: jump to the starting data bar, and step eight is entered;

[0111] Step eight: judge whether the hanging weight voltage value is greater than the preset threshold value, if yes, go to step nine, if no, check whether the current data reaches the end of the data, if yes, go to step ten, if no, jump to the next data and start step eight again;

[0112] Step nine: obtain the drilling tool motion interval data, and check whether the current data reaches the end of the data, if yes, go to step ten, if no, jump to the next data and start step eight again;

[0113] Step ten: the pulse count in the motion interval is calculated to generate depth data according to the calibration file, and go to step eleven;

[0114] Step eleven: judge whether the difference between the actual length of the drilling tool and the measured length of the drilling tool is less than the preset threshold value, if yes, go to step twelve, if no, correct the calibration model and return to step ten;

[0115] Step twelve: store the depth according to the drilling tool table.

[0116] Reference is made to the accompanying Figure 4 for illustration:

[0117] 1) Depth calibration and preliminary preparation

[0118] For drilling tool conveying mode, first perform depth calibration according to the direct calibration method or indirect calibration method described above before logging, to generate a pulse count value and hook displacement amount corresponding relationship table, and import the drilling tool sequence table of the current drilling as the depth calibration basis.

[0119] For coiled tubing conveying mode, the length equivalent of each pulse count can be directly generated by using the measurement wheel circumference and the number of pulses of the optical encoder rotating one circle.

[0120] 2) Real-time well depth acquisition method for drilling tool conveying mode

[0121] Referring to flowchart 1 in the accompanying Figure 4 , first convert the collected pulse count and hanging weight sensor data into hook height and hanging weight value through the depth calibration table, and judge the hook load state by setting the hanging weight threshold. When it is judged that the hook is in the state of hanging the drill string, convert the current hook height value into the instrument depth data when entering the well, and generate the motion information table for each drill string lifting process, and finally export the depth calibration function by using the drill string table. The depth calibration method is referred to the aforementioned formula (9). This method requires that the real-time measurement process does not encounter resistance or jamming conditions, and the depth data record is not lost. It needs human intervention to correct the hook height multiple times, the operating personnel have a high working intensity, and if the downhole and surface clocks are found to be out of synchronization after measurement, it cannot be handled.

[0122] 3)Drilling tool conveying type post-measurement depth acquisition method one

[0123] Appendix Figure 4 Method 2 is an improvement of method 1, which stores all the hook height and hanging load data during real-time measurement, and simulates the construction process through modeling after measurement to quickly generate segmented instrument depth data and movement information table, and the incorrect movement information table content can be manually corrected, and the missing depth data segment can be automatically filled. The missing depth segment filling method is shown in Appendix Figure 5a 、 5b : In the single-column drilling tool movement interval, the winch drum 2 rotation can basically be uniform, and the pulse count value generated by the photoelectric encoder rotation has a linear relationship with time. Considering that the large rope is fully wound on the drum after the layer change, the pulse count value converted by the depth calibration table generates a polyline relationship between hook height and time. According to this model, the missing depth data segment is automatically filled in combination with the drilling tool table.

[0124] For the problem of unsynchronized clocks between downhole and surface, referring to Appendix Figure 6 , graphical method is used to take downhole data time as the reference, and the surface time-depth data is translated to synchronize the clocks between downhole and surface.

[0125] After the editing of the full well section time-depth data, the time-depth data file for drilling tool table depth correction is exported, corresponding to Appendix Figure 4 Method 2. This method reduces the pressure on the field operators to a certain extent, and there are corresponding correction methods for the missing depth data, unsynchronized clocks between downhole and surface, and other abnormal working conditions in post-measurement processing. However, the accuracy of the measurement completely depends on the depth calibration model conversion during the measurement process. Due to the hook height drift, resistance, and sticking during the construction process, if the operator does not correct the depth data in time, the depth error of the measurement will become larger and larger.

[0126] Method 3 is an extension of method 2, mainly applied to cementing quality logging operations, which can use downhole CCL data and cementing casing table to further correct the time-depth data of method 2 to improve the accuracy of time-depth measurement. The cementing casing table depth correction method is shown in Appendix Figure 7 .

[0127] 4) Drilling tool conveying type post-measurement depth acquisition method two

[0128] Although the process 2 method reduces the work pressure of the field operator to some extent, the measurement accuracy is affected by the field construction process, and there are many problems of large measurement error. In order to solve the problem of low depth measurement accuracy, the process 4 method is introduced, which stores the original pulse count value and the hanging weight sensor data record collected in real time on site, and recalculates the time-depth data of the whole measurement section by data modeling method according to the corrected depth calibration file after measurement. The specific method is shown in the accompanying Figure 8 The calculation process can be repeated multiple times until the depth measurement error reaches the minimum. The depth recalculation method corrects the starting position of the time-depth data in each motion interval, thereby eliminating the cumulative error caused by the hook height drift. The subsequent operation is the same as the process 2 method, and the application scenario of the process 5 method is the same as the process 3 method.

[0129] The present application solves the problem of different clock synchronization between downhole and ground by drawing data curve and visualizing curve translation,

[0130] 5) Depth acquisition method after measurement in the scene without depth acquisition

[0131] The process 6 method is used for some special application scenarios, such as using a through-hole machine or a workover machine as a conveying tool. When the optical encoder cannot be installed on the center axis of the winch drum, the field operation process requires the drilling tool to move at approximately uniform speed in each drilling column motion interval, and the hook hanging weight data of the conveying tool in the whole operation process is recorded. After measurement, the suspension data and downhole data are used to accurately determine all motion interval sections in the logging process, and then the drilling tool table is combined to automatically generate relatively accurate time-depth data by the depth loss filling method of the accompanying Figure 5a 、 5b The subsequent operation is the same as the process 2 method, and the application scenario of the process 7 method is the same as the process 3 method.

[0132] 6) Coiled tubing conveying type well depth acquisition method after measurement

[0133] The process 8, process 9 and process 10 methods are applied to the continuous conveying tool such as coiled tubing, cable and the like for the storage type cementing quality logging scene. The process 8 is to directly export the instrument into the well depth (actually into the well tubing length) data converted by real-time measurement on site as the downhole matched time-depth data after measurement. Generally, the error is relatively large, and it can only be used for quick browsing of data; the process 9 method is to calibrate the depth by combining the instrument into the well depth data converted by real-time measurement on site with the downhole CCL data and the cementing casing table after measurement. The specific process is shown in the accompanying Figure 9It is used to determine each casing interval by setting a threshold according to the peak characteristics of the downhole CCL, and then corresponding to the casing data in the casing table, and then realizing the function of casing table depth calibration. After calibration, a more accurate time-depth data file is generated, and the depth measurement accuracy depends on the field measurement wheel calibration model; the process 10 method is to first store the real-time acquisition of the photoelectric encoder pulse count according to the measurement wheel correction model for multiple depth recalculation, and then perform the depth calibration operation according to the process 9 method, to solve the problem of large error in the process 9 real-time measurement process.

[0134] In summary, the process 4 in the time-depth data acquisition comprehensive flowchart is the core data processing process of the present application, and the data processing processes of other processes are derived from the field operation environment based on this process. The data processing process of the process 4 is shown in the attached Figure 10

[0135] In the present application, the visual method of drawing curves after measurement and mouse dragging can solve the problems of slip state judgment, downhole and ground system clock synchronization, and lost depth data recovery. The multiple depth recalculation method after measurement correction can reduce the influence of depth measurement error and cumulative error caused by hook height drift as much as possible, and can also solve the problem of drilling tool disorder by using sorting method. The system also provides a method for acquiring time-depth data of other conveying tools such as coiled tubing.

[0136] The present application provides a storage type logging time-depth acquisition method and device suitable for various conveying tools, which has multiple depth calibration methods, error data correction and depth loss recovery functions, and can realize various storage type logging scene construction operations.

[0137] It can be understood that equivalent replacement or changes to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present application should belong to the protection scope of the appended claims of the present application.​

Claims

1. A storage-type logging time-depth acquisition device applicable to a variety of conveying tools, characterized by: It includes a data acquisition module, a depth calibration module, an abnormality monitoring module, a drilling tool management module A, a real-time depth calibration module, a data storage module and a post-measurement data processing module. The data acquisition module collects the pulse count of the photoelectric encoder and the voltage value of the large hook hanging weight sensor through the ground depth acquisition box; the depth calibration module is used to convert the depth calibration file into the large hook height displacement and the large hook hanging weight value; the abnormality monitoring module is used to give a real-time alarm for abnormal working conditions during the logging construction process; the drilling tool management module A uses the method of setting the large hook hanging weight threshold to determine the drilling tool movement interval, and converts the large hook height displacement within the drilling tool movement interval into the instrument well depth data; the real-time depth calibration module performs real-time depth calibration on the instrument well depth data in conjunction with the drilling tool table to eliminate cumulative errors; the data storage module is used to store the original collected data and the well depth data converted by the drilling tool management module A in real time, and the post-measurement data processing module is used to perform secondary editing on the original collected data and the converted well depth data in the data storage module when an abnormal working condition occurs; The post-measurement data processing module includes a motion interval judgment module, a clock synchronization module, a drill tool management module B, a lost depth retrieval module, a depth recalibration module, a secondary depth calibration module and a time-depth export module. The motion interval judgment module is used to cooperate with the drill tool management module B to perform drill tool motion interval judgment and correction, so that the converted instrument well depth data is more complete; the clock synchronization module is used to synchronize the surface drill tool motion interval with the downhole instrument motion interval, so that the converted time-depth data is true and reliable; the lost depth retrieval module is used to use the drill tool table to generate segmented time-depth data according to the on-site drill tool motion model for the current drill string length; the depth recalibration module is used to re-convert the originally collected time-depth data according to the current re-corrected depth calibration file to generate the instrument well depth; the secondary depth calibration module is used to re-calibrate the converted data after depth recalibration. The secondary depth calibration module is also used for depth calibration of the mixed sequence of drill tool lowering and inconsistent drill tool seat height during construction; the time-depth export module is used to generate a time-depth data file for downhole data time-depth matching according to a specific data format standard.

2. A method for using the device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Contains the following sub-methods: Sub-method A: Real-time well depth acquisition using drill string conveyance: First, the collected pulse count and hanging weight sensor data are converted into hook height and hanging weight values ​​using a depth calibration table. The hook's load-bearing status is determined by setting a hanging weight threshold. When the hook is determined to be attached to the drill string, the current hook height value is converted into the instrument's depth data when it was lowered into the well. The measurement results of each drill string tripping process are generated into a motion information table, which is finally exported using the drill string table depth calibration function. Sub-method B: Acquiring well depth after drilling tool conveyance measurement: All hook height and hanging weight data from the real-time measurement process are stored. After the measurement, the construction process is simulated through modeling to quickly generate segmented instrument well depth data and movement information tables. Incorrect movement information table content is manually corrected, and missing depth data segments are automatically supplemented. The downhole and surface time-depth data clocks are synchronized. After the time-depth data for the entire well section is edited, the time-depth data file with the drilling tool table calibration is exported. Sub-method C: Acquisition of well depth after drilling tool conveyed measurement: The original pulse count values ​​and suspended weight sensor data collected in real time on site are recorded and stored. After the measurement, the time-depth data of the entire measurement section are recalculated using data modeling according to the revised depth calibration file. The depth recalculation method process can be repeated multiple times until the depth measurement error reaches the set value. The depth recalculation method corrects the starting position of the time-depth data within each movement interval, automatically fills in the missing depth data segments, and synchronizes the downhole and surface time-depth data clocks. After the time-depth data of the entire well section is edited, the time-depth data file of the drilling tool table calibration is exported; Sub-method D: Post-logging well depth acquisition in scenarios without depth acquisition: After logging, all motion intervals during the logging process are accurately determined using suspended weight data and downhole data. Lost depth data segments are automatically supplemented with the drill string table to generate relatively accurate time-depth data. The measurement results of each drill string tripping process are then converted into a motion information table, which is finally exported using the drill string table depth calibration function. Sub-method E: Post-measurement Well Depth Acquisition with Coiled Tubing: After the measurement, the photoelectric encoder pulse counts collected and stored in real time on-site are first recalculated multiple times using the measurement wheel correction model. Then, depth calibration is performed by combining downhole CCL data and the cementing casing table. Each casing interval is determined by setting a threshold using the downhole CCL collar peak characteristics. This is then mapped one-to-one with the casing data in the casing table, achieving depth calibration using the casing table. For sub-methods A, B, and C, depth calibration is first performed using direct or indirect calibration methods before logging, generating a table of corresponding relationships between pulse counts and hook displacements. Simultaneously, the drilling tool sequence table for this run is imported as a basis for depth calibration. For the sub-method E, the length equivalent of each pulse count is generated by using the circumference of the measuring wheel and the number of pulses of the photoelectric encoder during one rotation.

3. The storage logging time-depth acquisition method applicable to various conveying tools according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method for automatically filling in the missing depth data segment is as follows: within the movement range of the single-column drilling tool, the rotation of the winch drum (2) can be basically uniform, the pulse count value generated by the rotation of the photoelectric encoder is in a linear relationship with time, and considering that the large rope is wound in layers after being arranged on the drum, the pulse count value is converted according to the depth calibration table and the large hook height is in a broken line relationship with time. According to this model and in combination with the drilling tool table, the automatic filling in of the missing depth data segment is achieved.

4. The storage logging time-depth acquisition method applicable to various conveying tools according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method for synchronizing the downhole and surface time-depth data clocks is as follows: using a graphical method to use the downhole data time as a reference, translating the surface time-depth data, so that the downhole and surface time-depth data clocks are synchronized.

5. The storage logging time-depth acquisition method applicable to various conveying tools according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the sub-methods B, C and D, when applied to cementing quality logging operations, the downhole CCL data and cementing casing table are used to further calibrate the time-depth data file derived from the drilling tool table to improve the accuracy of the time-depth measurement.

6. The storage logging time-depth acquisition method applicable to various conveying tools according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The depth recalculation method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Collect and store the pulse count and suspended weight voltage in real time, and proceed to step 2; Step 2: Using time as the horizontal axis, draw the pulse count, hanging weight voltage curve and downhole data curve, and proceed to step 3; Step 3: Determine whether the downhole instrument is synchronized with the surface clock. If yes, proceed to step 5; if not, proceed to step 4. Step 4: Using the downhole curve as a reference, translate the pulse count and the suspended weight voltage curve to achieve clock synchronization, and proceed to step 5; Step 5: Determine whether the pulse counting data segment is lost. If yes, proceed to step 6; if no, proceed to step 7. Step 6: Complete the pulse counting curve by drawing, and proceed to step 7; Step 7: Jump to the starting data bar and go to step 8; Step 8: Determine whether the suspended weight voltage value is greater than the preset threshold value. If so, proceed to step 9. If not, check whether the current data has reached the end of the data. If so, proceed to step 10. If not, jump to the next data and restart step 8. Step 9: Get the drill tool motion interval data and check whether the current data has reached the end of the data. If it is, go to step 10. If not, jump to the next data and restart step 8. Step 10: Count the pulses in the motion interval and generate depth data based on the calibration file, and then proceed to step 11; Step 11: Determine whether the difference between the actual length of the drill tool and the measured length of the drill tool is less than a preset threshold value. If so, proceed to step 12. If not, revise the calibration model and return to step 10. Step 12: Calibrate the stored depth according to the drilling tool table.

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