Satellite link switching method and device for space-ground integration network

Abstract

The application relates to a satellite link switching method and device for a space-ground integrated network, the device comprising: a user terminal A, a switching controller A, a Ka-band satellite communication link, a Ku-band satellite communication link, a switching controller B and a user terminal B; the switching controller A switches signals transmitted by the user terminal B through the Ka-band satellite communication link and / or the Ku-band satellite communication link according to an interference sensing decision mechanism and transmits the signals to the user terminal A; and the switching controller B switches signals transmitted by the user terminal A through the Ka-band satellite communication link and / or the Ku-band satellite communication link according to link occupation flag information and transmits the signals to the user terminal B. The above scheme of the application can improve the transmission reliability of high service quality requirement services of the space-ground integrated network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of satellite communication network technology, and in particular to a satellite link switching method and apparatus for space-ground integrated networks. Background Technology

[0002] Satellite communication boasts advantages such as long transmission distance, large coverage area, strong environmental adaptability, and flexible access, making it a crucial technology for future long-distance communication. With the rapid development of low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite internet constellations, satellite communication has entered a new phase of rapid development. However, due to the overlap in frequency bands between high-Earth orbit (HEO) and LEO satellite internet constellations, and the rapid increase in LEO satellite density, signal interference between systems has become a pressing issue. Furthermore, because satellite communication links operate in free space, they are highly susceptible to interference and attacks from various space signals. For satellite communication services with high quality-of-service requirements, it is essential to ensure uninterrupted and highly reliable data transmission. This necessitates rapid switching of satellite communication links during parallel data transmission, rapid acquisition and analysis of interference signals, and verification of link switching mechanisms and strategies.

[0003] There is a lot of research on space optical communication terminals and network link switching, but there is relatively little research on the integration of rapid switching of satellite communication links in different frequency bands and the integration of sensing switching with performance testing and verification. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention aims to provide a satellite link switching method and apparatus for space-ground integrated networks. This method enables simulated interference injection and interference detection, and facilitates rapid switching of satellite communication links to meet the requirements of high-quality-of-service (QoS) services, without affecting normal satellite communication. This can improve the transmission reliability of QoS-required services in intelligent space-ground integrated networks.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0006] A first aspect of this invention provides a satellite link switching device for a space-ground integrated network, comprising: a user terminal A, a switching controller A, a Ka-band satellite communication link, a Ku-band satellite communication link, a switching controller B, and a user terminal B.

[0007] The switching controller A switches the signal transmitted by the user terminal B through the Ka-band satellite communication link and / or the Ku-band satellite communication link according to the interference perception decision mechanism, and then sends it to the user terminal A;

[0008] The switching controller B switches the signal transmitted by the user terminal A through the Ka-band satellite communication link and / or the Ku-band satellite communication link according to the link occupancy flag information, and then sends it to the user terminal B.

[0009] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the Ka-band satellite communication link includes: network interface card M, network interface card K, a Ka-band satellite communication terminal, a Ka-band satellite, a Ka-band satellite gateway station, a satellite antenna A, a radio frequency module A, an intermediate frequency module A, an analog interference source A, a power divider A, a power divider C, a modulation / demodulation module A, network interface card A, network interface card H, a sensing module A, network interface card B, and network interface card G.

[0010] The user terminal B transmits data to the Ka-band satellite communication terminal via the switching controller B, sequentially through the network card M and the network card K;

[0011] The Ka-band satellite communication terminal generates a Ka-band signal and transmits the Ka-band signal to the Ka-band satellite gateway station via the Ka-band satellite. The Ka-band satellite gateway station then transmits the Ka-band signal to the satellite antenna A via the Ka-band satellite.

[0012] The Ka-band signal received by satellite antenna A is converted into a Ka-band intermediate frequency signal by radio frequency module A and intermediate frequency module A in sequence. The Ka-band intermediate frequency signal is coupled with the interference signal generated by the controlled analog interference source A through power divider A to obtain a Ka-band coupled signal.

[0013] The Ka-band coupling signal is sent to the modulation / demodulation module A and the sensing module A respectively through the power divider C for processing, to obtain the Ka-band demodulated signal and the Ka-band interference sensing signal respectively.

[0014] The Ka-band demodulated signal is sent to the switching controller A via network interface card A and network interface card H in sequence, and the Ka-band interference sensing signal is sent to the switching controller A via network interface card B and network interface card G in sequence.

[0015] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the power divider A has a power distribution ratio of 99:1, 99% of the Ka-band intermediate frequency signal is transmitted to the power divider C, and 1% of the interference signal generated by the controlled analog interference source A is transmitted to the power divider C.

[0016] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the power divider C has a power distribution ratio of 99:1, 99% of the Ka-band coupled signal is sent to the modulation and demodulation module A, and 1% of the Ka-band coupled signal is sent to the sensing module A.

[0017] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the user terminal A transmits Ka-band data and link occupancy flag information to the switching controller B via the switching controller A, sequentially through the network interface card H, the network interface card A, the modulation and demodulation module A, the intermediate frequency module A, the radio frequency module A, the satellite antenna A, the Ka-band satellite, the Ka-band satellite gateway station, the Ka-band satellite, the Ka-band satellite communication terminal, the network interface card K, and the network interface card M.

[0018] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the Ku-band satellite communication link includes: network interface card L, network interface card J, a Ku-band satellite communication terminal, a Ku-band satellite, a Ku-band satellite gateway station, a satellite antenna B, a radio frequency module B, an intermediate frequency module B, an analog interference source B, a power divider B, a power divider D, a modem module B, network interface card C, network interface card F, a sensing module B, network interface card D, and network interface card E.

[0019] The user terminal B transmits data to the Ku-band satellite communication terminal via the switching controller B, the network interface card L, and the network interface card J in sequence.

[0020] The Ku-band satellite communication terminal generates a Ku-band signal and transmits the Ku-band signal to the Ku-band satellite gateway station via the Ku-band satellite. The Ku-band satellite gateway station then transmits the Ku-band signal to the satellite antenna B via the Ku-band satellite.

[0021] The Ku-band signal received by the satellite antenna B is converted into a Ku-band intermediate frequency signal by the radio frequency module B and the intermediate frequency module B in sequence. The Ku-band intermediate frequency signal is coupled with the interference signal generated by the simulated interference source B under control through the power divider B to obtain a Ku-band coupled signal.

[0022] The Ku-band coupling signal is sent to the modulation / demodulation module B and the sensing module B respectively through the power divider D for processing, to obtain the Ku-band demodulated signal and the Ku-band interference sensing signal respectively.

[0023] The Ku-band demodulated signal is sent to the switching controller A via the network interface card C and the network interface card F in sequence, and the Ku-band interference sensing signal is sent to the switching controller A via the network interface card D and the network interface card E in sequence.

[0024] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the user terminal A transmits Ku-band data and link occupancy flag information to the switching controller B via the switching controller A, sequentially through the network interface card F, the network interface card C, the modulation and demodulation module B, the intermediate frequency module B, the radio frequency module B, the satellite antenna B, the Ku-band satellite, the Ku-band satellite gateway station, the Ku-band satellite, the Ku-band satellite communication terminal, the network interface card J, and the network interface card L.

[0025] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the switching controller A performs link switching control and data verification based on a comparison of the magnitude of the Ka-band interference sensing signal and the corresponding threshold, a comparison of the magnitude of the Ku-band interference sensing signal and the corresponding threshold, the signal-to-noise ratio of the Ka-band demodulated signal, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the Ku-band demodulated signal, and sends the Ka-band demodulated signal and / or the Ku-band demodulated signal to the user terminal A.

[0026] A second aspect of this invention provides a satellite link handover method for a space-ground integrated network, implemented using the aforementioned satellite link handover device for the space-ground integrated network, comprising the following steps:

[0027] S110, establish a bidirectional communication link between user terminal A and user terminal B using the Ka-band satellite communication link and the Ku-band satellite communication link, simulate interference source A and simulate interference source B turn off their transmission signals, and sensing module A and sensing module B send a zero signal to the switching controller A;

[0028] S120, if the signal-to-noise ratio of the Ka-band satellite communication link and / or the Ku-band satellite communication link is higher than the demodulation threshold, use the satellite communication link of the frequency band higher than the demodulation threshold to perform bidirectional communication between user terminal A and user terminal B; otherwise, perform signal monitoring.

[0029] S130, start simulated interference source A and simulated interference source B to perform interference sensing loading and verification, set the center frequency of the interference signal emitted by simulated interference source A and simulated interference source B, and the interference signal is a point frequency signal;

[0030] S140, if the demodulated signal has a bit error, obtain the average power of the point frequency interference signal, reduce the average power by 2dB as the switching threshold, reduce the power of the switching threshold by 3dB as the alarm threshold, and obtain the corresponding switching threshold and alarm threshold of Ka-band satellite communication link and Ku-band satellite communication link by switching simulated interference source A and simulated interference source B.

[0031] S150, according to the interference signal power of simulated interference source A being adjusted from zero to maximum and then reduced to zero, the interference signal power of simulated interference source B being adjusted from zero to maximum and then reduced to zero, and the interference signal power of simulated interference source A and simulated interference source B being adjusted from zero to maximum at the same time, the sensing module A and sensing module B send the interference signal power they respectively acquire to the switching controller A, and the switching controller A continuously performs power smoothing for 20 seconds.

[0032] S160, if the interference signal power is greater than the alarm threshold of the Ka-band satellite communication link and / or the Ku-band satellite communication link, switch controller A to generate an alarm message indicating interference; otherwise, return to S150.

[0033] S170: If the interference signal power is greater than the switching threshold of the Ka-band satellite communication link or the Ku-band satellite communication link, switch to the corresponding other frequency band satellite communication link for communication. If the interference signal power is greater than the switching threshold of the Ka-band satellite communication link and the Ku-band satellite communication link, switch to the frequency band satellite communication link with a higher signal-to-noise ratio for communication. Otherwise, return to S150.

[0034] S180, if the interference sensing loading and verification is completed, according to the interference signal power of simulated interference source A being adjusted from zero to maximum and then reduced to zero, the interference signal power of simulated interference source B being adjusted from zero to maximum and then reduced to zero, and the interference signal power of simulated interference source A and simulated interference source B being adjusted from zero to maximum at the same time, the sensing module A and sensing module B will send the interference signal power they respectively acquired to the switching controller A, and the switching controller A will continuously perform power smoothing for 20 seconds; otherwise, return to S150.

[0035] S190, then simulated interference source A and simulated interference source B are activated to randomly synchronize interference, verifying the effectiveness of switching between Ka-band and Ku-band satellite communication links when interference signals in both Ka-band and Ku-band are present simultaneously;

[0036] S200, enter automatic sensing and switching mode, simulated interference source A and simulated interference source B turn off their transmission signals, sensing module A and sensing module B receive and analyze the interference signals in their respective frequency bands, and transmit the interference signals to the switching control module A for automatic sensing and switching.

[0037] According to a second aspect of the present invention, S110 includes:

[0038] User terminal A sends a communication request, which is transmitted to switching controller B via the Ka-band satellite communication link and the Ku-band satellite communication link through switching controller A. Switching controller B then sends the communication request signal to user terminal B.

[0039] User terminal B responds to user terminal A by sending a signal to the switching controller A via both the Ka-band and Ku-band satellite communication links through the switching controller B. The switching controller A then sends a response signal back to user terminal A.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] The solution presented in this invention ensures uninterrupted and highly reliable data transmission by transmitting the same data in parallel on independent links in different frequency bands, enabling rapid switching of satellite communication links. Furthermore, the addition of a simulated interference source and a sensing module allows for rapid acquisition and analysis of interference signals and verification of link switching mechanisms and strategies.

[0042] A simulated interference source and a sensing module are installed in the satellite communication terminal, along with a switching control module, to enable switching between satellite communication links at different frequencies. The simulated interference source can generate interference signals with various power levels and waveforms. Through a two-stage power divider structure, the interference signals can be flexibly injected into the satellite communication terminal without affecting normal satellite communication. The signal collected by the sensing module has the same spectral structure and is time-synchronized with the signal received by the modem module, enabling rapid transmission of the interference signal status to the switching control module. The switching control module compares and analyzes the interference signal with a threshold, controls the link switching, and adds flag information to the currently used link, thereby achieving bidirectional normal communication, improving the reliability of the satellite communication terminal, and effectively solving the problem of high-quality-of-service satellite communication. Attached Figure Description

[0043] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0044] Figure 1 This illustration illustrates the composition and structure of a satellite link switching device for a space-ground integrated network disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 This illustration illustrates the specific network structure and working principle of a satellite link switching device for a space-ground integrated network disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The description of the embodiments in this specification should be taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which should form part of the complete specification. In the drawings, the shape or thickness of the embodiments may be exaggerated and may be indicated in a simplified or convenient manner. Furthermore, parts of the various structures in the drawings will be described separately; it is worth noting that elements not shown in the figures or not described in words are in a form known to those skilled in the art.

[0047] The descriptions of the embodiments herein, including any references to directions and orientations, are for ease of description only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. The following description of preferred embodiments involves combinations of features, which may exist independently or in combination; the invention is not particularly limited to the preferred embodiments. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims.

[0048] Based on the concept of this invention, a satellite link switching method and apparatus for space-ground integrated networks are proposed. It employs a structure of simulated interference sources and a two-stage power divider to mix simulated interference signals and satellite communication signals and inject them into the modulation / demodulation module and the sensing module. This does not affect satellite antenna signal reception and can simulate interference signals of different power and waveforms. Demodulated signals and sensing signals from both the Ka and Ku bands are transmitted to the switching control module, enabling multi-band signal sensing and switching control, thus improving the accuracy of link switching. Simultaneously, service transmission is carried out through two independent communication links (Ka and Ku), reducing data loss during switching, increasing switching speed, and improving the reliability of satellite communication services.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, a first aspect of this invention provides a satellite link switching device for a space-ground integrated network, comprising: a user terminal A, a switching controller A, a Ka-band satellite communication link, a Ku-band satellite communication link, a switching controller B, and the user terminal B. The switching controller A switches signals transmitted by the user terminal B through the Ka-band satellite communication link and / or the Ku-band satellite communication link according to an interference perception decision mechanism, and transmits the signals to the user terminal A. The switching controller B switches signals transmitted by the user terminal A through the Ka-band satellite communication link and / or the Ku-band satellite communication link according to link occupancy flag information, and transmits the signals to the user terminal B.

[0050] like Figure 2As shown, the Ka-band satellite communication link includes: network card M 146, network card K 144, Ka-band satellite communication terminal 119, Ka-band satellite 118, Ka-band satellite gateway station 122, satellite antenna A 101, radio frequency module A 102, intermediate frequency module A 103, analog interference source A 110, power divider A 111, power divider C 112, modulation and demodulation module A 114, network card A 115, network card H 138, sensing module A 113, network card B 116, and network card G 137.

[0051] In this process, the user terminal B 141 transmits data to the Ka-band satellite communication terminal via the switching controller B 142, sequentially through the network interface card M and the network interface card K; the Ka-band satellite communication terminal generates a Ka-band signal and transmits it to the Ka-band satellite gateway station via the Ka-band satellite; the Ka-band satellite gateway station then transmits the Ka-band signal to the satellite antenna A via the Ka-band satellite; the Ka-band signal received by the satellite antenna A is converted into a Ka-band intermediate frequency (IF) signal sequentially through the radio frequency module A and the intermediate frequency module A. The signal is coupled with the interference signal generated by the controlled simulated interference source A through the power divider A to obtain a Ka-band coupled signal; the Ka-band coupled signal is sent to the modulation and demodulation module A and the sensing module A through the power divider C for processing to obtain a Ka-band demodulated signal and a Ka-band interference sensing signal, respectively; the Ka-band demodulated signal is sent to the switching controller A through the network card A and the network card H in sequence, and the Ka-band interference sensing signal is sent to the switching controller A through the network card B and the network card G in sequence.

[0052] Preferably, the power divider A has a power allocation ratio of 99:1, with 99% of the Ka-band intermediate frequency signal sent to the power divider C, and 1% of the interference signal generated by the controlled analog interference source A sent to the power divider C. The power divider C has a power allocation ratio of 99:1, with 99% of the Ka-band coupled signal sent to the modulation / demodulation module A, and 1% of the Ka-band coupled signal sent to the sensing module A.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, the user terminal A 140 transmits Ka-band data and link occupancy flag information to the switching controller B via the switching controller A 139 through the network card H, the network card A, the modulation and demodulation module A, the intermediate frequency module A, the radio frequency module A, the satellite antenna A, the Ka-band satellite, the Ka-band satellite gateway station, the Ka-band satellite, the Ka-band satellite communication terminal, the network card K, and the network card M.

[0054] like Figure 2 As shown, the Ku-band satellite communication link includes: network card L 145, network card J 143, Ku-band satellite communication terminal 133, Ku-band satellite 117, Ku-band satellite gateway 134, satellite antenna B 123, radio frequency module B 124, intermediate frequency module B 125, analog interference source B 126, power divider B 127, power divider D 128, modem module B 129, network card C 131, network card F 136, sensing module B 130, network card D 132, and network card E 135.

[0055] The user terminal B transmits data sequentially through the network interface card (NIC) L and NIC J to the Ku-band satellite communication terminal via the switching controller B. The Ku-band satellite communication terminal generates a Ku-band signal and transmits it to the Ku-band satellite gateway station via the Ku-band satellite. The Ku-band satellite gateway station then transmits the Ku-band signal to the satellite antenna B via the Ku-band satellite. The Ku-band signal received by the satellite antenna B is converted into a Ku-band intermediate frequency (IF) signal sequentially through the radio frequency module B and the intermediate frequency module B. The Ku-band intermediate frequency signal and the interference signal generated by the controlled analog interference source B are coupled through the power divider B to obtain a Ku-band coupled signal. The Ku-band coupled signal is sent through the power divider D to the modulation / demodulation module B and the sensing module B for processing to obtain a Ku-band demodulated signal and a Ku-band interference sensing signal, respectively. The Ku-band demodulated signal is sent to the switching controller A through the network interface card C and the network interface card F in sequence, and the Ku-band interference sensing signal is sent to the switching controller A through the network interface card D and the network interface card E in sequence.

[0056] Preferably, the power divider B has a power allocation ratio of 99:1, with 99% of the Ku-band intermediate frequency signal sent to the power divider D, and 1% of the interference signal generated by the controlled analog interference source B sent to the power divider D. The power divider D has a power allocation ratio of 99:1, with 99% of the Ku-band coupled signal sent to the modulation / demodulation module B, and 1% of the Ku-band coupled signal sent to the sensing module B.

[0057] In both links, the simulated interference source and the intermediate frequency module are coupled by a power ratio of 99:1, and then the power is distributed to the modulation and demodulation module and the sensing module by a power ratio of 99:1. This can give full play to the high-sensitivity reception of the sensing module without affecting the normal satellite communication terminal's signal reception.

[0058] like Figure 2As shown, the user terminal A transmits Ku-band data and link occupancy flag information to the switching controller B via the network interface card (NIC) F, the NIC C, the modulation / demodulation module B, the intermediate frequency module B, the radio frequency module B, the satellite antenna B, the Ku-band satellite, the Ku-band satellite gateway station, the Ku-band satellite, the Ku-band satellite communication terminal, the NIC J, and the NIC L.

[0059] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the switching controller A performs link switching control and data verification based on the comparison between the Ka-band interference sensing signal and the corresponding threshold, the comparison between the Ku-band interference sensing signal and the corresponding threshold, the signal-to-noise ratio of the Ka-band demodulated signal, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the Ku-band demodulated signal, and sends the Ka-band demodulated signal and / or the Ku-band demodulated signal to the user terminal A.

[0060] The link occupancy flag information sent by the handover control module A to the handover control module B is as follows: If the handover control module A is currently sending data from network card H to user terminal A, it will transmit the link occupancy flag information back to the handover control module B via the aforementioned Ka-band satellite communication link. At this time, the handover control module B receives the link occupancy flag information from the handover control module A from network card M and sends the data received from network card M to user terminal B. If the handover control module A is currently sending data from network card F to user terminal A, it will transmit the link occupancy flag information back to the handover control module B via the aforementioned Ku-band satellite communication link. At this time, the handover control module B receives the link occupancy flag information from the handover control module A from network card L and sends the data received from network card L to user terminal B. When data can be transmitted in both frequency bands, user terminal A copies the data twice and transmits it to user terminal B through both the Ka link and the Ku link. It also sends link occupancy flag information on the primary link. The switching control module B sends the data of the link with the flag field to user terminal B, and discards the data of the link without the flag field, or uses it for verification.

[0061] The signal sent from user terminal B to user terminal A is transmitted to network interface card L and network interface card M in parallel through the handover control module B, and then transmitted to the handover control module A through independent Ka-band satellite communication links and Ku-band satellite communication links, respectively, via network interface card H and network interface card F.

[0062] The aforementioned modulation / demodulation module, sensing module, and switching control module are connected via network interface cards and Ethernet links, enabling isolation between the user terminal, the switching control module, and components such as the satellite antenna, radio frequency module, and intermediate frequency module.

[0063] A second aspect of this invention provides a satellite link handover method for a space-ground integrated network, implemented using the aforementioned satellite link handover device for the space-ground integrated network, comprising the following steps:

[0064] S110, establish a bidirectional communication link between user terminal A and user terminal B using the Ka-band satellite communication link and the Ku-band satellite communication link, simulate interference source A and simulate interference source B turn off their transmission signals, and sensing module A and sensing module B send a zero signal to the switching controller A;

[0065] S120, if the signal-to-noise ratio of the Ka-band satellite communication link and / or the Ku-band satellite communication link is higher than the demodulation threshold, use the satellite communication link of the frequency band higher than the demodulation threshold to perform bidirectional communication between user terminal A and user terminal B; otherwise, perform signal monitoring.

[0066] S130, Ka and Ku band satellite communication can be carried out normally. First, simulated interference source A and simulated interference source B are started to load and verify interference sensing. Set the center frequency of the interference signal transmitted by simulated interference source A and simulated interference source B. The deviation of the center frequency from the center frequency of the communication signal is ≤5%. The interference signal is a point frequency signal.

[0067] S140, if the demodulated signal has bit errors, accumulate for 20 seconds, obtain the average power of the point frequency interference signal, reduce the average power by 2dB as the switching threshold, and reduce the power of the switching threshold by 3dB as the alarm threshold. By switching simulated interference source A and simulated interference source B, obtain the corresponding switching threshold and alarm threshold for Ka-band satellite communication link and Ku-band satellite communication link. The switching control module adopts a two-level threshold switching control method. The first level is the alarm threshold. After the alarm threshold is reached, the system displays an alarm. The second level is the switching threshold. After the switching threshold is reached, the link is automatically switched.

[0068] S150, according to the interference signal power of simulated interference source A being adjusted from zero to maximum and then reduced to zero, the interference signal power of simulated interference source B being adjusted from zero to maximum and then reduced to zero, and the interference signal power of simulated interference source A and simulated interference source B being adjusted from zero to maximum at the same time, the sensing module A and sensing module B send the interference signal power they respectively acquire to the switching controller A, and the switching controller A continuously performs power smoothing for 20 seconds.

[0069] S160, if the interference signal power is greater than the alarm threshold of the Ka-band satellite communication link and / or the Ku-band satellite communication link, switch controller A to generate an alarm message indicating interference; otherwise, return to S150.

[0070] S170: If the interference signal power is greater than the switching threshold of the Ka-band or Ku-band satellite communication link, switch to the corresponding other frequency band satellite communication link for communication and maintain this satellite link for 30 seconds. If the interference signal power is greater than the switching threshold of the Ka-band and Ku-band satellite communication links, switch to the frequency band satellite communication link with a higher signal-to-noise ratio for communication; otherwise, return to S150.

[0071] S180, if the interference sensing loading and verification is completed, according to the interference signal power of simulated interference source A being adjusted from zero to maximum and then reduced to zero, the interference signal power of simulated interference source B being adjusted from zero to maximum and then reduced to zero, and the interference signal power of simulated interference source A and simulated interference source B being adjusted from zero to maximum at the same time, the sensing module A and sensing module B will send the interference signal power they respectively acquired to the switching controller A, and the switching controller A will continuously perform power smoothing for 20 seconds; otherwise, return to S150.

[0072] S190, then simulated interference source A and simulated interference source B are activated to randomly synchronize interference, verifying the effectiveness of switching between Ka-band and Ku-band satellite communication links when interference signals in both Ka-band and Ku-band are present, while avoiding repeated and frequent oscillation switching.

[0073] S200, enter automatic sensing and switching mode, simulated interference source A and simulated interference source B turn off their transmission signals, sensing module A and sensing module B receive and analyze the interference signals in their respective frequency bands, and transmit the interference signals to the switching control module A for automatic sensing and switching.

[0074] According to an embodiment of the present invention, step S110 specifically includes: User terminal A sends a communication request, which is transmitted to switching controller B via both the Ka-band and Ku-band satellite communication links through switching controller A; switching controller B then sends a communication request signal to user terminal B; in response to user terminal A, user terminal B sends a response signal to switching controller A via both the Ka-band and Ku-band satellite communication links through switching controller B; switching controller A then sends a response signal to user terminal A. During this time, simulated interference source A and simulated interference source B do not transmit interference signals. The simulated interference source only transmits interference signals during interference switching verification. During normal operation, the simulated interference source is turned off, the modem module transmits and receives satellite communication signals normally, and the sensing module analyzes the interference signals throughout the entire intermediate frequency band.

[0075] According to the above scheme, the satellite link switching method uses both Ka and Ku satellite communication links to transmit the same service data, improving the reliability of service transmission and avoiding communication interruptions or connection failures due to interference in a single frequency band. When interference or a fault occurs, service switching can be quickly implemented, preventing interruptions or data loss of high-quality services. By injecting simulated interference signals from the intermediate frequency port, the method avoids the impact on the antenna's normal reception of communication satellite signals and the occupation of RF amplifier gain that would occur when injecting interference signals from the air interface. By adding simulated interference sources, interference of different power and waveforms can be simulated, and the interference dataset can be continuously updated. Before real interference signals appear, the interference switching effect of this method can be analyzed and verified. By adding a sensing module, the signal quality within the frequency band and the power and occurrence time of interference signals can be comprehensively analyzed, providing basic data and analytical basis for switching control.

[0076] In summary, the satellite link switching method and apparatus for space-ground integrated networks of the present invention simultaneously employs two independent satellite communication links, Ka and Ku, to transmit signals. A simulated interference source and a sensing module are incorporated into the satellite communication terminal. Through a two-stage power divider structure, it achieves both the sensing and switching control verification of simulated interference signals, and the demodulation of normal satellite communication signals and the sensing and switching control of real space interference signals when simulated interference signals are disabled. This improves the transmission reliability of high-quality-of-service (QoS) requirements services in space-ground integrated networks.

[0077] By transmitting the same signal on two independent Ka and Ku satellite links and selecting the appropriate link at the receiving end, rapid handover is achieved in the event of interference on a single link, reducing handover time. Introducing simulated interference sources allows for the simulation of various types of signal interference and verification of the complete functionality of the handover control chain, including the sensing module and handover control module, improving the reliability and flexibility of the device. By introducing a two-tiered threshold structure (alarm threshold and handover threshold) and interference smoothing methods, the frequent and repeated handover oscillations caused by sudden interference are reduced. This improves handover speed while reducing the software processing overhead required for link handover, thereby enhancing the reliability and continuity of service transmission.

[0078] The sequence numbers of the various steps involved in the method of the present invention do not imply the order of execution of the method. The execution order of each step should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0079] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A satellite link switching device for space-ground integrated networks, characterized in that, include: User terminal A, handover controller A, Ka-band satellite communication link, Ku-band satellite communication link, handover controller B, and user terminal B. The switching controller A switches the signal transmitted by the user terminal B through the Ka-band satellite communication link and / or the Ku-band satellite communication link according to the interference perception decision mechanism, and then sends it to the user terminal A; The switching controller B switches the signal transmitted by the user terminal A through the Ka-band satellite communication link and / or the Ku-band satellite communication link according to the link occupancy flag information, and sends it to the user terminal B; A simulated interference source and a sensing module are installed in the satellite communication terminal. A structure consisting of a simulated interference source and a two-stage power divider is used to mix the simulated interference signal and the satellite communication signal and inject them into the modulation / demodulation module and the sensing module. The interference sensing signal collected by the sensing module has the same spectral structure and is time-synchronized with the demodulated signal received by the modulation / demodulation module. Both the Ka-band and Ku-band demodulated signals and the interference sensing signal are transmitted to the switching controller A. The switching controller A performs link switching control and data verification based on comparisons between the Ka-band interference sensing signal and the corresponding threshold, comparisons between the Ku-band interference sensing signal and the corresponding threshold, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the Ka-band demodulated signal and the Ku-band demodulated signal. Finally, the Ka-band demodulated signal and / or the Ku-band demodulated signal are sent to the user terminal A.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Ka-band satellite communication link includes: network card M, network card K, Ka-band satellite communication terminal, Ka-band satellite, Ka-band satellite gateway, satellite antenna A, radio frequency module A, intermediate frequency module A, analog interference source A, power divider A, power divider C, modem module A, network card A, network card H, sensing module A, network card B, and network card G. The user terminal B transmits data to the Ka-band satellite communication terminal via the switching controller B, sequentially through the network card M and the network card K; The Ka-band satellite communication terminal generates a Ka-band signal and transmits the Ka-band signal to the Ka-band satellite gateway station via the Ka-band satellite. The Ka-band satellite gateway station then transmits the Ka-band signal to the satellite antenna A via the Ka-band satellite. The Ka-band signal received by satellite antenna A is converted into a Ka-band intermediate frequency signal by radio frequency module A and intermediate frequency module A in sequence. The Ka-band intermediate frequency signal is coupled with the interference signal generated by the controlled analog interference source A through power divider A to obtain a Ka-band coupled signal. The Ka-band coupling signal is sent to the modulation / demodulation module A and the sensing module A respectively through the power divider C for processing, to obtain the Ka-band demodulated signal and the Ka-band interference sensing signal respectively. The Ka-band demodulated signal is sent to the switching controller A via network interface card A and network interface card H in sequence, and the Ka-band interference sensing signal is sent to the switching controller A via network interface card B and network interface card G in sequence.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power distribution ratio of the power divider A is 99:

1. 99% of the Ka-band intermediate frequency signal is sent to the power divider C, and 1% of the interference signal generated by the controlled analog interference source A is sent to the power divider C.

4. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power divider C has a power distribution ratio of 99:

1. 99% of the Ka-band coupled signal is sent to the modulation and demodulation module A, and 1% of the Ka-band coupled signal is sent to the sensing module A.

5. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, User terminal A transmits Ka-band data and link occupancy flag information to switching controller B via the switching controller A, through the network card H, the network card A, the modulation and demodulation module A, the intermediate frequency module A, the radio frequency module A, the satellite antenna A, the Ka-band satellite, the Ka-band satellite gateway station, the Ka-band satellite, the Ka-band satellite communication terminal, the network card K, and the network card M.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Ku-band satellite communication link includes: network card L, network card J, Ku-band satellite communication terminal, Ku-band satellite, Ku-band satellite gateway, satellite antenna B, radio frequency module B, intermediate frequency module B, analog interference source B, power divider B, power divider D, modem module B, network card C, network card F, sensing module B, network card D, and network card E. The user terminal B transmits data to the Ku-band satellite communication terminal via the switching controller B, the network interface card L, and the network interface card J in sequence. The Ku-band satellite communication terminal generates a Ku-band signal and transmits the Ku-band signal to the Ku-band satellite gateway station via the Ku-band satellite. The Ku-band satellite gateway station then transmits the Ku-band signal to the satellite antenna B via the Ku-band satellite. The Ku-band signal received by the satellite antenna B is converted into a Ku-band intermediate frequency signal by the radio frequency module B and the intermediate frequency module B in sequence. The Ku-band intermediate frequency signal is coupled with the interference signal generated by the simulated interference source B under control through the power divider B to obtain a Ku-band coupled signal. The Ku-band coupling signal is sent to the modulation / demodulation module B and the sensing module B respectively through the power divider D for processing, to obtain the Ku-band demodulated signal and the Ku-band interference sensing signal respectively. The Ku-band demodulated signal is sent to the switching controller A via the network interface card C and the network interface card F in sequence, and the Ku-band interference sensing signal is sent to the switching controller A via the network interface card D and the network interface card E in sequence.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, User terminal A transmits Ku-band data and link occupancy flag information to the switching controller B via the network interface card (NIC) F, NIC C, modulation / demodulation module B, intermediate frequency module B, radio frequency module B, satellite antenna B, Ku-band satellite, Ku-band satellite gateway station, Ku-band satellite, Ku-band satellite communication terminal, NIC J, and NIC L.

8. A satellite link switching method implemented using a satellite link switching device for a space-ground integrated network as described in any one of claims 1-7, comprising: S110, establish a bidirectional communication link between user terminal A and user terminal B using the Ka-band satellite communication link and the Ku-band satellite communication link, simulate interference source A and simulate interference source B turn off their transmission signals, and sensing module A and sensing module B send a zero signal to the switching controller A; S120, if the signal-to-noise ratio of the Ka-band satellite communication link and / or the Ku-band satellite communication link is higher than the demodulation threshold, use the satellite communication link of the frequency band higher than the demodulation threshold to perform bidirectional communication between user terminal A and user terminal B; otherwise, perform signal monitoring. S130, start simulated interference source A and simulated interference source B to perform interference sensing loading and verification, set the center frequency of the interference signal emitted by simulated interference source A and simulated interference source B, and the interference signal is a point frequency signal; S140, if the demodulated signal has a bit error, obtain the average power of the point frequency interference signal, reduce the average power by 2dB as the switching threshold, reduce the power of the switching threshold by 3dB as the alarm threshold, and obtain the corresponding switching threshold and alarm threshold of Ka-band satellite communication link and Ku-band satellite communication link by switching simulated interference source A and simulated interference source B. S150, according to the interference signal power of simulated interference source A being adjusted from zero to maximum and then reduced to zero, the interference signal power of simulated interference source B being adjusted from zero to maximum and then reduced to zero, and the interference signal power of simulated interference source A and simulated interference source B being adjusted from zero to maximum at the same time, the sensing module A and sensing module B send the interference signal power they respectively acquire to the switching controller A, and the switching controller A continuously performs power smoothing for 20 seconds. S160, if the interference signal power is greater than the alarm threshold of the Ka-band satellite communication link and / or the Ku-band satellite communication link, switch controller A to generate an alarm message indicating interference; otherwise, return to S150. S170: If the interference signal power is greater than the switching threshold of the Ka-band satellite communication link or the Ku-band satellite communication link, switch to the corresponding other frequency band satellite communication link for communication. If the interference signal power is greater than the switching threshold of the Ka-band satellite communication link and the Ku-band satellite communication link, switch to the frequency band satellite communication link with a higher signal-to-noise ratio for communication. Otherwise, return to S150. S180, if the interference sensing loading and verification is completed, according to the interference signal power of simulated interference source A being adjusted from zero to maximum and then reduced to zero, the interference signal power of simulated interference source B being adjusted from zero to maximum and then reduced to zero, and the interference signal power of simulated interference source A and simulated interference source B being adjusted from zero to maximum at the same time, the sensing module A and sensing module B will send the interference signal power they respectively acquired to the switching controller A, and the switching controller A will continuously perform power smoothing for 20 seconds; otherwise, return to S150. S190, then simulated interference source A and simulated interference source B are activated to randomly synchronize interference, verifying the effectiveness of switching between Ka-band and Ku-band satellite communication links when interference signals in both Ka-band and Ku-band are present simultaneously; S200, enter automatic sensing and switching mode, simulated interference source A and simulated interference source B turn off their transmission signals, sensing module A and sensing module B receive and analyze the interference signals in their respective frequency bands, and transmit the interference signals to the switching control module A for automatic sensing and switching.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, S110 includes: User terminal A sends a communication request, which is transmitted to switching controller B via the Ka-band satellite communication link and the Ku-band satellite communication link through switching controller A. Switching controller B then sends the communication request signal to user terminal B. User terminal B responds to user terminal A by sending a signal to the switching controller A via both the Ka-band and Ku-band satellite communication links through the switching controller B. The switching controller A then sends a response signal back to user terminal A.

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