Additively manufactured component with support structure and method for manufacturing such a component

Abstract

The present invention relates to a component (01) manufactured from a base plane (09) during powder bed production. The component (01) comprises a forming portion (02) and a support structure (05). The forming portion (02) can be divided into a simple sub-segment (03) that can be manufactured from the base plane (09) without the support structure (05) and a difficult sub-segment (04) that cannot be manufactured without the support structure (05). The support structure (05) is connected to the simple sub-segment (03) via a first sub-attachment (21) and to the difficult sub-segment (04) via second sub-attachments (22, 32). To simplify subsequent processing, the first sub-attachment (21) is proposed to have a plurality of connection points (24) having an equivalent diameter (26) of at most 1 mm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an additively manufactured component for further manufacturing a manufactured portion, wherein the manufactured portion requires a support structure due to its construction, since it is not feasible to directly manufacture the entire manufactured portion without a support structure using known production processes. The invention also relates to a corresponding method for manufacturing the component. Background Technology

[0002] Different methods for additive manufacturing components are known from the prior art. In this context, the so-called powder bed production process is important, in which components are constructed layer by layer. The so-called SLM (Selective Laser Melting) method is commonly used here to manufacture metal components, in which powdered material is melted layer by layer at the respective locations of the component. In this process, component manufacturing begins on a substrate surface, on which corresponding powders are coated layer by layer.

[0003] It is known from existing technology that, without corresponding auxiliary measures, not all geometries can be manufactured. Problems may arise from insufficient heat dissipation introduced during the melting process, or from localized settling of the newly manufactured structure within the powder bed, leading to inaccurate reproduction of the finished part. Therefore, support structures are typically used, which must be removed after the component is manufactured to obtain the finished part. To keep both the cost of manufacturing and removing the support structures low, attempts are made to reduce the corresponding support structures to a necessary level. Here, the support structure is typically constructed starting from the base surface.

[0004] A particularly disadvantageous situation is when using a support structure for the problematic sub-segment that extends from the base surface to the manufactured portion, where the distance from the base surface to the manufactured portion is very large. Furthermore, the manufactured portion sometimes has a geometry in which it is not feasible to use a support structure to support the problematic sub-segment starting from the base surface.

[0005] In this case, the support structure used is attached to the initially unproblematic, manufacturable sub-segment of the manufactured part so that the problematic sub-segment can be supported from there. It typically proves disadvantageous that access to the support structure becomes difficult precisely in this case, thus making the removal of the support structure particularly difficult.

[0006] In any case, it is advantageous to perform the connection between the support structure and the fabricated part without completely altering the surface. This is known from EP3632591 A1 and the publication "Support optimization for overhanging parts in direct metal laser sintering" by ZAFER CAGATAY OTER et al. (published in "Optik-–International Journal for Light and Electron Optics", 2019). Here, it is proposed to establish a connection consisting of multiple teeth or multiple points. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a connection between a support structure and a manufactured component, wherein the removal of the support structure from the component can be easily and reliably achieved.

[0008] The proposed objective is achieved through an embodiment of the invention of a component taught according to an embodiment of the invention. A method for manufacturing such a component according to the invention is described in an embodiment of the invention. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the invention.

[0009] Such components are first manufactured in a powder bed production process. The specific manufacturing method used is primarily irrelevant. The powder bed production process defines at least a base plane extending in the X and Y directions. Here, the component is constructed starting from the base plane, which thus also defines the component's Z direction. It should be noted in this context that the base plane used to define such a component can only determine its coordinates or orientation.

[0010] The type of component involved is, for the first time, not important. The solution according to the invention is particularly suitable for components made of metallic materials. This embodiment can also be advantageously used for components made of ceramic materials.

[0011] The components considered here include manufactured sections. Here, a manufactured section can be a final product; however, it typically undergoes other manufacturing processes. Regarding the powder bed production process used, the manufactured section can be divided into different segments in terms of manufacturability. Thus, there exists at least one simple sub-segment characterized in that the area of ​​the manufactured section can be manufactured directly in the powder bed production process, starting from a base plane, without a support structure. The manufactured section also includes difficult sub-segments, characterized in that these difficult sub-segments cannot be easily manufactured in the powder bed production process, necessitating the use of support structures to achieve the desired result.

[0012] Correspondingly, the considered component also includes at least one support structure capable of supporting the difficult-to-manufacture sub-segments. Here, the support structure is connected to the difficult sub-segments via a second sub-attachment. In contrast to embodiments where the support structure also extends from the base plane, in this case, the support structure is proposed to be connected to simpler sub-segments using a first sub-attachment. Therefore, support for difficult sub-segments can be achieved even at a greater distance from the base plane or in situations where there is a lack of accessibility between the base plane and the difficult sub-segments.

[0013] It is conventionally proposed here that the first sub-attachment is achieved by means of multiple separate connection points, thereby extending over a larger surface area. Importantly, each individual connection point is chosen to be as small as possible. Correspondingly, the equivalent diameter of the respective connection point is at most 1 mm. The equivalent diameter is derived here by determining the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the respective connection point as the connection between the support structure and the simple sub-segment of the manufactured part.

[0014] By using multiple small connection points, or alternatively, a single, minimally selected connection between the support structure and the simple sub-segment, the mechanical removal of the support structure from the simple sub-segment, i.e., separation from the first sub-attachment, is significantly easier. This is particularly advantageous because the proposed solution is specifically designed for applications where accessibility is difficult. However, the solution can also be used if good accessibility is available.

[0015] However, starting with the solution according to the invention having multiple connection points, to ensure the construction of the support structure and the manufactured parts, it may be necessary to achieve improved connections in the first sub-attachment, for example, for better heat dissipation. Therefore, the following embodiment is considered to include, according to the invention, the use of one or more bridging elements in the first sub-attachment. However, to ensure the effects according to the invention, it is required here that each of the one or more bridging elements has a maximum width of 2 mm, where the extension in the second direction is initially unimportant.

[0016] If one or more bridging elements exist, it must be ensured that: in the first sub-attachment, the connection between the support structure and the simple sub-segment is essentially achieved by connection points. This is considered given, with the number of connection points chosen in relation to the size of one or more bridging elements such that the total cross-sectional area of ​​the connection points corresponds to at least 5 times the total cross-sectional area of ​​one or more bridging elements.

[0017] The powder bed manufacturing process causes a specific extension of the melting point from the midpoint of the energy-intensive beam used—typically a laser beam. Therefore, the vector-guided beam, for example, causes the melting of the powdered material with a width and depth associated with the process of material decomposition. Correspondingly, the specific melting point extension can be determined as the average width and depth of the component.

[0018] If we now consider an embodiment of the invention with the smallest possible connection point, it is particularly necessary to achieve the desired effect that the equivalent diameter of the connection point is smaller than a specific melting point extension. It then follows that, obviously, when manufacturing the connection point, it is not permissible to continuously melt the material of the support structure until the finished portion is formed.

[0019] Although melting point extension is a process parameter, it can be determined on the manufactured component. As a comparison with the equivalent diameter, in this case, the melting point extension at the same location on the component should be used.

[0020] It is particularly advantageous that, provided at least one bridging element is present, the cross-sectional area of ​​the connection point corresponds to at least 20 times the cross-sectional area of ​​one or more bridging elements, so that the desired effect of the small connection point caused by at least one bridging element is not unnecessarily reduced.

[0021] If the connection points are chosen to be as small as possible and the bridging elements to be as narrow as possible, an improved separation between the support structure and the manufactured parts can be achieved. Correspondingly, it is advantageous that the width of one or more bridging elements is at most 1 mm. Furthermore, it is advantageous that the equivalent diameter of the connection point is at most 0.5 mm.

[0022] Furthermore, a larger spacing between connection points is advantageous. Correspondingly, it is preferred that the spacing between adjacent connection points corresponds to at least twice the equivalent diameter. However, it is particularly advantageous that the spacing between adjacent connection points corresponds to at least five times the equivalent diameter.

[0023] To improve the stability and heat dissipation of the first sub-attachment, it is advantageous to select a spacing as small as possible between the manufactured portion and the supporting structure in the first sub-attachment. Correspondingly, it is advantageous that the spacing between the manufactured portion and the supporting structure is at most 1 mm in at least a majority portion of the first sub-attachment (i.e., in at least 50% of the surface area). Furthermore, it is particularly advantageous that the spacing is at most 0.6 mm.

[0024] In principle, it is advantageous not to require bridging elements. However, if sufficient stability of the support structure on the simple sub-sections and sufficient heat dissipation of the support structure through the simple sub-sections cannot be achieved using the connection points, then bridging elements are preferably provided. It is particularly advantageous here that the bridging element is located at the edge of the first sub-attachment pointing towards the base plane.

[0025] To manufacture such a component, a model of the part must first be made. Considering the proposed manufacturing process within the powder bed production process, it can be determined which areas of the part can be directly manufactured during the proposed process without additional support structures, and which areas of the part cannot be reproduced with the desired quality without auxiliary measures. The first area that can be manufactured from the base plane forms a simple sub-segment. In contrast, areas that cannot be manufactured without auxiliary measures can be limited to difficult sub-segments.

[0026] In the following steps, it is necessary to determine a support structure that enables the manufacture of subsections that are difficult to produce in the proposed powder bed production process.

[0027] By utilizing the defined components, including fabricated parts and supporting structures, it is now possible to actually manufacture components in a powder bed production process by introducing powdered material layer by layer into the structural space, wherein the geometry of the component is reproduced layer by layer by melting the powdered material. Here, an energy-intensive beam—typically a laser beam—is used, which causes the surrounding powdered material to melt at the respective beam midpoint.

[0028] Importantly for embodiments according to the invention is that the support structure is attached to a simple sub-segment via a first sub-attachment, wherein the sub-attachment corresponding to the embodiment according to the invention or for which it is advantageous is reproduced by a layer-by-layer melting process.

[0029] If the geometry of the support structure is advantageously generated first in each layer, and then the geometry of the manufactured part is generated, it is advantageous to accurately reproduce the manufactured part with the aid of the support structure, especially taking into account the embodiment of the invention of the first sub-attachment.

[0030] Importantly for this invention, the connection points are implemented as small as possible, yet still achieve sufficient stability to ensure the position of the support structure. Taking into account the melting of the surrounding material around the beam midpoint, to achieve small connection points according to the invention, in any case, the beam midpoint is spaced apart from the manufactured portion, i.e., from the subsequently generated geometry of the manufactured portion, when the connection points are generated.

[0031] This allows for the selection of connection points smaller than the width of the material melted on both sides of the laser beam. Clearly, according to the embodiment of the invention, in the first sub-attachment, the beam midpoint, except for the connection point, must be spaced apart from the manufactured portion, because there is no direct connection between the support structure and the manufactured portion other than the connection point.

[0032] Clearly, the distance from the midpoint of the beam to the manufactured part must not be greater than the distance corresponding to the radius of the material melted by the beam, in order to ensure the actual connection between the support structure and the manufactured part at the corresponding connection points.

[0033] It has been shown that if the distance from the beam midpoint to the manufactured portion is at least 0.05 mm, a small connection point can be advantageously achieved. Therefore, it can be ensured that the width of the connection point is less than the width of the material melted by the beam. Particularly advantageously, the distance from the beam midpoint to the manufactured portion is at least 0.1 mm.

[0034] It is also advantageous that, in the first sub-attachment, although there is no direct connection between the support structure and the manufactured part except at the connection point, the spacing between these two segments is kept as small as possible. This improves heat dissipation from the support structure to the manufactured part and enhances the stability of the connection. Therefore, it is advantageous that, when manufacturing the support structure, the spacing from the beam midpoint to the manufactured part in the region of the first sub-attachment is at most 1.5 mm. This applies at least to half of the extension of the first sub-attachment. Preferably, a maximum spacing of 1 mm is maintained. However, it is particularly advantageous that the spacing is less than or at most 0.7 mm. Furthermore, it is particularly advantageous that for any portion exceeding the largest possible share of the first sub-attachment, for example, exceeding at least 90% of the surface area, the spacing is at most 1.5 mm, or preferably at most 1 mm, or particularly preferably at most 0.7 mm.

[0035] In manufacturing methods typically used in powder bed production, the expansion of the melting point from the midpoint of the beam—that is, the width and depth of the material breakdown—depends not only on, for example, the intensity of the beam, but also on the position of the component within the corresponding structural space. This is especially true due to the varying deflections of the beam depending on its position within the structural space. Correspondingly, the component exhibits a locally specific expansion of the melting point as an average of its local width and depth.

[0036] If we now consider the manufacturing process in relation to the generation of a single connection point, we should note that the equivalent diameter is smaller than the specific melting point extension determined at the location of the corresponding connection point.

[0037] Furthermore, a specific melting radius can be determined as the extension of the molten powdery material perpendicular to the portion being formed, measured from the midpoint of the beam.

[0038] To achieve a sufficiently small cross-sectional area when creating the connection point, it is advantageous that the distance from the beam midpoint to the formed portion follows a distance of at least 0.1 times the melting radius. However, it is particularly advantageous that the distance corresponds to at least 0.5 times the melting radius, thereby enabling a particularly small cross-sectional area at the corresponding connection point.

[0039] However, sufficient stability should be considered here. Advantageously, the distance from the beam midpoint to the formed portion corresponds to a maximum of 0.9 times the melting radius. Particularly advantageously, when creating corresponding connection points, the distance corresponds to a maximum of 0.8 times the melting radius.

[0040] If we now consider the advantageously small spacing between the support structure and the manufactured part in the region of the first sub-attachment, it is advantageous to guide the beam such that the spacing corresponds to a maximum of 10 times the melting radius within most of the first sub-attachment. Therefore, heat transfer can be achieved via the powdery material located between the support structure and the manufactured part. Advantageously, the spacing corresponds to a maximum of 5 times the melting radius. It is particularly advantageous to choose the smallest possible spacing between the support structure and the manufactured part, even though there is no direct connection between the support structure and the manufactured part in the first sub-attachment (i.e., it is clear without considering connection points and possible bridging elements). Correspondingly, it is particularly advantageous to choose a spacing of at most 0.3 times the melting radius. This significantly improves heat transfer via a small intermediate powder layer.

[0041] An energy-intensive beam extending along a track induces rounded molten zones at the ends of this track. In the first sub-attachment, the connection between the support structure and the manufactured part is achieved only through a connection point—or a connection point and a bridging element—where, according to the invention, the connection point should be as small as possible. Now, in order to determine the cross-section of the corresponding connection point obtained through the melting process as accurately as possible, it is advantageous to align the vector along which the beam is guided when reproducing the support structure with the vector along which the beam is guided when reproducing the manufactured part. Thus, in the case where the support structure is reproduced on one side and the manufactured part is reproduced on the other side at the connection point, the opposing molten zones meet each other at the ends of the corresponding vectors or beams. This enables the advantageous pre-determination of the cross-section of the corresponding connection point in the case of determining the beam vector. Attached Figure Description

[0042] The following figure illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a component according to the invention:

[0043] Figure 1 A first schematic diagram showing an example of a component according to the invention;

[0044] Figure 2 A second schematic diagram showing another example of a component according to the invention;

[0045] Figure 3 Show as Figure 1 A diagram showing the components that make up the parts of the structure;

[0046] Figure 4 Show Figure 1 The components are divided into simple sub-segments, difficult sub-segments, and exploded views of the supporting structure;

[0047] Figure 5 The first sub-attachment between the simple sub-segment and the supporting structure is shown in a simplified diagram;

[0048] Figure 6 A detailed view of the connection point of the first sub-attachment and the bridging element is shown.

[0049] Figure 7 A detailed view showing a schematic diagram of a manufacturing method for reproducing connection points is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0050] exist Figure 1 The diagram schematically illustrates a first embodiment of a component 01 according to the invention, which has a fabrication portion 02 and a support structure 05. For subsequent processes, essentially only the fabrication portion 02 is required, while the support structure 05 should only be able to facilitate the manufacturing process, which is practically undesirable in this respect.

[0051] Proposed: Component 01 is manufactured during powder bed production. Here, component 01 is constructed starting from base plane 09. In this regard, component 01 is constrained on one side by the aforementioned base plane 09. Base plane 09 extends in the X and Y directions and defines the Z direction, in which component 01 is constructed layer by layer.

[0052] The proposed manufacturing method limits the feasible construction of the component because, depending on the geometry, it is sometimes not easy to reproduce the geometry. This results in a feasible limit for the manufactured portion 02 in one area, namely the simple sub-segment 03, which can be easily manufactured in the proposed manufacturing process. In contrast, the manufactured portion 02 has another area, namely the difficult sub-segment 04, which cannot be reproduced error-free in the proposed manufacturing process without auxiliary measures. In the proposed embodiment, the difficult sub-segment 04, attached to the simple sub-segment 02 via the rib 07, protrudes freely in the direction of the base plane 09. It is not feasible to construct the difficult sub-segment 04 starting from the base plane 09.

[0053] In order to manufacture the difficult sub-segment 04, a support structure 05 is now required. The support structure 05 is connected to the simple sub-segment 03 via a first sub-attachment 21 and to the difficult sub-segment 04 via a second sub-attachment 22.

[0054] exist Figure 2 Another embodiment of the component 11 according to the invention is schematically illustrated. The component 11 also includes a forming portion 12 and a supporting structure 15. Here, the forming portion 12 has a can-shaped structure open toward the base plane 09. Here, a vertical wall extending in the Z direction forms a simple sub-segment 13, and a horizontal wall extending parallel to the base plane 09 forms a difficult sub-segment 14.

[0055] However, in the aforementioned case, it is feasible to provide a support structure from the base plane 09 up to the difficult sub-segment 14, although such a support structure is relatively large. Therefore, it is also proposed here to use a support structure 15, which is connected to the simple sub-segment 13 via a first sub-attachment 31 and to the difficult sub-segment 14 via a second sub-attachment 32.

[0056] exist Figure 2 Now, the fabricated portion 02 of the component in Figure 01 is drawn, showing only half of it. It can be seen that the fabricated portion 02 is constructed starting from a base plane 09, which extends in the X and Y directions and along the Z-axis. When constructed layer by layer using a powder bed manufacturing method, simple sub-segments 03 can be manufactured, while in contrast, difficult sub-segments 04 are almost freely suspended in the air, thus lacking a starting point for layer-by-layer construction. Correspondingly, a support structure 05 is required here.

[0057] to this end, Figure 4 The division of component 01 is shown—and only half of it is shown, including the simple sub-segment 03 that makes up part 02 and the difficult sub-segment 04, as well as the supporting structure 05.

[0058] exist Figure 5 The diagram schematically shows the area of ​​the first sub-attachment 21 of component 01. In principle, according to the present invention, the connection between the simple sub-segments 03 of the fabricated portion 02 of the support structure 05 is achieved by a plurality of small connection points 24, and a small free spacing is maintained between the connection points 24.

[0059] Furthermore, it can be seen that at the edge of the first sub-attachment 21 pointing to the base plane 09, there is an attachment portion that is wider than the connection point 24 in the form of a bridging element 23.

[0060] to this end, Figure 6The first sub-attachment 21 in the region of the bridging element 23 and the connection point 24 located above the bridging element is shown in detail. The bridging element 23 is positioned at the lower edge of the support structure 05 as a connection to the manufactured part to ensure sufficient heat dissipation initially. However, the width 25 of this bridging element should also be chosen to be as small as possible. It has proven advantageous to reproduce the bridging element across several layers during powder bed manufacturing.

[0061] In contrast, the goal is always to select the connection point 24 as small as possible. In particular, the equivalent diameter 26 of the connection point 24 should be smaller than the typical width of the material melted during the manufacturing process. Therefore, in subsequent processes, it is possible to more easily remove the support structure 05 from the manufactured part 02.

[0062] Furthermore, it can be seen that the spacing 27 between the support structure 05 and the manufactured part 02 is selected to be small in the first sub-attachment portion 21. Between the support structure 05 and the manufactured part 02, there is clearly an inclusion of particles 08 of the powdered material used in the manufacturing process. The small spacing facilitates heat transfer from the support structure 05 to the manufactured part 02 via the particles 08 therebetween.

[0063] exist Figure 7 The diagram schematically illustrates the fabrication of component 01 in the region of the first sub-attachment 21 during the proposed powder bed manufacturing process. On the right, the support structure 05 is shown in cross-section. Opposite to it, on the left, there is a segmented fabrication section 02. During the manufacturing process, surrounding particles are melted by means of an energy-intensive beam. Here, the corresponding beams are guided along vectors 31 and 32. A melting zone with a melting point extension 33 exists around the midpoint of the beam. Furthermore, a melting radius 34 can be determined at the end of the corresponding vector, which describes the extension of the melting zone at the end of the vector in the direction of the fabrication section 02, starting from the midpoint of the beam.

[0064] As can be seen from the diagram, the corresponding connection point 24 has an equivalent diameter 26, which is smaller than the equivalent diameter corresponding to the melting point extension 33. To achieve this, when reproducing the connection point 24, it is advantageous to select a distance 35 from the beam midpoint to the fabricated portion 02, which is smaller than the melting radius 34, but advantageously larger than 0.6 times the melting radius 34.

[0065] Furthermore, the positions of the corresponding vector 31 for reproducing the fabricated part 02 and the vector 32 for reproducing the support structure 05 can be seen from the diagram. In order to ensure a defined and predictable equivalent diameter 26 for the connection point 24, it is proposed in the embodiment that vectors 31 and 32 are aligned with each other.

[0066] As described above, it is advantageous to choose the spacing 27 between the support structure 05 and the fabricated part 02 to be as small as possible. However, uncontrolled connections between the connection points 24 should be avoided. Therefore, it is proposed that the spacing 36 between the beam midpoint and the fabricated part 02 between the connection points 24 in the first sub-attachment 21 corresponds to approximately 2 to 3 times the melting radius 34.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing components (01, 11) starting from a base plane (09), said base plane (09) extending in the X and Y directions and defining a perpendicular Z direction, said method comprising the following steps: - Provides a model of the manufactured part (02, 12); - Identify simple sub-segments (03, 13) that can be manufactured from the base plane (09) without supporting structures (05, 15); and - Identify the difficult sub-segments (04, 14) that are spaced apart from the base plane (09) and cannot be manufactured without the support structure (05, 15); and - Determine a support structure (05, 15) that is connected to the simple sub-segment (03, 13) via a first sub-attachment (21, 31) and to the difficult sub-segment (04, 14) via a second sub-attachment (22, 32); - The components (01, 11) are manufactured in a powder bed production process, in which the powdered material is locally melted by means of at least one beam, thereby defining a specific melting point extension (33) in relation to the location. Its features are, The first sub-attachment (21, 31) is formed by a plurality of connection points (24) having an equivalent diameter (26) of at most 1 mm. The equivalent diameter is derived by determining the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the corresponding connection point as the connection between the support structure and the simple sub-segment of the manufactured part, or The first sub-attachment (21, 31) is formed by at least one bridging element (23) having a width (25) of at most 2 mm and a plurality of connection points (24) having an equivalent diameter (26) of at most 1 mm, the equivalent diameter being determined by defining the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the corresponding connection point as the connection between the support structure and a simple sub-segment of the manufactured part, wherein the total cross-sectional area of ​​the connection point (24) corresponds to at least 5 times the total cross-sectional area of ​​one or more of the bridging elements (23), and The equivalent diameter (26) is smaller than the specific melting point extension (33), and When the connection point (24) is generated, the midpoint of the beam is always spaced apart from the manufactured part (02).

2. The method according to claim 1, The width (25) of the bridging element (23) is at most 1 mm; and / or The equivalent diameter (26) is at most 0.5 mm; and / or The spacing between the connection points (24) corresponds to at least 5 times the equivalent diameter (26).

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The distance (27) between the manufactured portion and the support structure is at most 1 mm in at least a majority portion of the first sub-attachment.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The bridging element (23) is disposed at the edge of the first sub-attachment (21, 31) pointing towards the base plane (09).

5. The method according to claim 1, In each layer, the support structure (05, 15) is first generated, and then the fabricated part (02, 12) is generated.

6. The method according to claim 1 or 5, When the connection point (24) is generated, the distance (35) from the midpoint of the beam to the fabricated portion (02, 12) is at least 0.05 mm.

7. The method according to claim 1 or 5, When the first sub-attachment (21, 311) is generated, the distance (35, 36) from the midpoint of the beam to the formed portion (02, 12) is at most 1.5 mm on at least half of the surface of the formed portion.

8. The method according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the method has a specific melting radius (34) measured perpendicular to the manufacturing portion (02, 12) from the midpoint of the beam, wherein when the connection point (24) is generated, the distance (36) from the midpoint of the beam to the manufacturing portion (02, 12) corresponds to at least 0.1 times and at most 0.9 times the melting radius (34).

9. The method according to claim 1 or 5, The method has a specific melting radius (34) measured perpendicular to the manufacturing portion (02, 12) from the midpoint of the beam, and the distance (35, 36) from the midpoint of the beam to the manufacturing portion (02, 12) when the first sub-attachment (21, 31) is generated corresponds to a maximum of 10 times the melting radius (34) on at least half of the surface of the manufacturing portion.

10. The method according to claim 1 or 5, The beams are guided along vectors (31, 32), with each vector (32) in reproducing the support structure (05, 15) aligned with the vector (31) in reproducing the fabricated part (02, 12).

11. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The distance (27) between the manufactured portion and the support structure is at most 0.6 mm in at least a majority portion of the first sub-attachment.

12. The method according to claim 1 or 5, When the connection point (24) is generated, the distance (35) from the midpoint of the beam to the fabricated portion (02, 12) is at least 0.1 mm.

13. The method according to claim 1 or 5, When the first sub-attachment (21, 311) is generated, the distance (35, 36) from the midpoint of the beam to the fabricated portion (02, 12) is at most 1 mm on at least half of the surface of the fabricated portion.

14. The method according to claim 8, wherein when the connection point (24) is generated, the distance (36) from the midpoint of the beam to the fabricated portion (02, 12) corresponds to at least 0.5 times and / or at most 0.8 times the melting radius (34).

15. The method according to claim 9, When the first sub-attachment (21, 31) is generated, the distance (35, 36) from the midpoint of the beam to the formed portion (02, 12) corresponds to a maximum of 5 times the melting radius (34) on at least half of the surface of the formed portion.

16. The method according to claim 9, When the first sub-attachment (21, 31) is generated, the distance (35, 36) from the midpoint of the beam to the formed portion (02, 12) corresponds to a maximum of 3 times the melting radius (34) on at least half of the surface of the formed portion.

Images