491 results about "Powder bed" patented technology

The invention provides a real-time defect detection and self-adaptive repair method for additive manufacturing, which belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing and comprises the following steps: capturing an image of a powder bed after powder spreading; identifying powder spreading defects in each layer of image after powder spreading, and fitting a bounding box according to the category and position information of the powder spreading defects; taking the interior of the contour boundary corresponding to the slice of the current layer as a key printing area, comparing a bounding box with the key printing area, judging whether the bounding box coincides with the key printing area or not, if so, triggering a self-adaptive repair mechanism, and if not, performing a laser scanning action; after printing is completed, an image of the printed part is extracted and processed, the edge contour of the printed part of the current layer is extracted through a trained network edge detection algorithm, and registration and overlapping comparison are conducted on the edge contour and the design contour of the slice of the current layer; and calculating the area deviation between the edge contour of the printing part of the current layer and the design contour of the slice of the current layer, and deciding to pause or continue printing according to the area deviation.

Methods and apparatus for modulating a multi-mode shaped beam in powder bed additive manufacturing are provided. The method comprises the following steps: analyzing a geometric model of a component to obtain a plurality of feature regions which comprise at least one part of the component and correspond to different structure types; according to the structure type and in combination with material attributes and / or process targets, distributing corresponding light beam modes for the plurality of feature regions, wherein the light beam modes are modulated to have different light intensity distributions and / or phases; the light beam mode is applied to a light beam, so that the light beam is switched to the light beam mode corresponding to the light beam mode when the light beam scans a plurality of feature areas on a powder bed, matched light spot regulation and control are carried out on different feature areas in the additive manufacturing process, and therefore different forming requirements of various structure types are met in the same component at the same time.

The invention belongs to the technical field of cable processing, and relates to a preparation method and application of a flexible superconducting coaxial cable outer conductor. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing Nb powder and Ti powder by adopting a vibrating ball mill to prepare NbTi composite powder; a substrate of laser powder bed melting equipment is preheated, the NbTi composite powder is spread on the substrate of the laser powder bed melting equipment, a melting powder layer is scanned through the laser powder bed melting technology, a three-dimensional communicated grid structure is formed through interlayer staggered scanning, finally, the NbTi net-shaped alloy pipe is placed in a strong acid solution to be soaked for a short time, redundant metal powder is removed, and the NbTi net-shaped alloy pipe is obtained. And finally, the preparation of the flexible superconducting coaxial cable outer conductor for the quantum computer is realized.

The invention discloses a TiAl alloy electron beam selective melting and shot peening strengthening in-situ compounding manufacturing method and device, and relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a three-dimensional digital model of a to-be-printed part, and performing slicing and layering to obtain layered scanning data; under the vacuum condition, TiAl alloy powder is spread on the preheated base plate according to the set thickness, and a powder bed is formed; according to the layered scanning data, scanning and melting the powder bed through a focused electron beam, completing single-layer scanning and melting, completing scanning and melting layer by layer until the part is printed and cooled, and recovering unmelted TiAl alloy powder; and under the vacuum condition, the surface of the printed part is scanned and heated through a defocusing electron beam, TiAl alloy powder is adopted as shot blasting powder, the surface of the heated part is subjected to microparticle shot blasting strengthening treatment, after the treatment is finished, cooling is conducted, scattered shot blasting powder is recycled, and the finished TiAl alloy part is obtained. By means of the collaborative process design of electron beam selective melting and in-situ high-temperature microparticle shot blasting and device integration, the problems that in TiAl alloy additive manufacturing, cracking is prone to occurring, and the strengthening effect is poor are solved.

The invention provides a multi-scale simulation method for high-fidelity selective laser melting forming and phase field-lattice Boltzmann coupling, and belongs to the technical field of selective laser melting numerical simulation. The method comprises the specific steps that a selective laser melting powder laying process model is constructed based on a discrete element method, and a randomly stacked powder bed model is obtained; a high-fidelity selective laser melting forming thermal fluid dynamic model is established, and macroscopic temperature distribution and flow field distribution of a molten pool are simulated; establishing a phase field model-lattice Boltzmann coupling model; and extracting temperature gradient, solidification velocity and melt flow velocity data of local positions of the boundary of the steady-state molten pool, and simulating solidification structure evolution under flowing of molten metal in the molten pool by taking the data as initial conditions of the phase field-lattice Boltzmann coupling model. According to the method, through high-fidelity multi-scale simulation, the relation between the process parameters and the microstructure is established more comprehensively, and reliable numerical support is provided for selective laser melting process optimization and microstructure prediction.

The invention discloses a dynamic silicone rubber microsphere and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: injecting a polysiloxane solution containing dynamic bonds onto a super-amphiphobic coating to form a liquid column, spontaneously breaking under the driving of interfacial tension to form polymer liquid drops, heating to evaporate a solvent to form polymer microspheres, and drying to obtain the dynamic silicone rubber microsphere. And initiating crosslinking through ultraviolet irradiation to form the dynamic silicone rubber microspheres. A polar dynamic bond is introduced into the PDMS elastomer, so that the surface energy of the elastomer can be improved, the dynamic silicone rubber microspheres are prepared on the super-amphiphobic surface, the controllability of the form, size and distribution of a silicone rubber powder material is further realized, and a core material is provided for 3D printing of an elastomer polymer powder bed.

A method of three-dimensional printing can include iteratively applying a polymer build material as individual layers to a powder bed, where the polymer build material includes from about 80 wt % to 100 wt % polymeric particles, and based on a three-dimensional object model, selectively applying a coalescing agent onto individual layers of the polymer build material. The coalescing agent can include an aqueous liquid vehicle and a coalescing solvent that depresses a melting point of the polymeric particles. The method can include exposing the powder bed to heat to selectively coalesce portions of individual layers of the polymer build material in contact with the coalescing solvent. The heat may not be sufficient to coalesce the polymer build material that is not in contact with the coalescing solvent and may be sufficient to fuse the polymeric particles in contact with the coalescing solvent together to form a three-dimensional object.

The invention discloses a crack-free laser powder bed additive manufacturing method for gamma'reinforced nickel-based alloy, which comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing raw material alloy powder, and detecting the total content of Al and Ti elements in the alloy powder; then the powder is loaded into a forming bin, a layer of powder is quantitatively laid every time, a powder bed is scanned through laser, laser energy input and the scanning speed are controlled, the powder bed is rapidly melted and solidified, a layer of solid is formed, the layer height of the solid is 0.02-0.05 mm, and the higher the total content of Al and Ti elements in the alloy powder is, the smaller the layer height is; and after a layer of entity is formed, the forming substrate is controlled to descend by the height of a construction layer, a layer of powder is laid again, laser scanning is conducted again, and the steps are repeated till construction is completed. According to the method, a cooperative control strategy of thin-layer thermal control is adopted, nucleation and expansion of cracks are restrained by controlling the descending height of a formed substrate and controlling laser parameters, and the crack-free laser additive meeting the requirements is manufactured.

Provided is an ultrafast laser shock forging assisted laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) method with an ultrafast laser to allow on-line control of a stress field for an additive-manufactured component. Technical points of the present disclosure: During a LPBF-based additive manufacturing process, ultra-high-pressure shock waves induced byan ultrafast laser are allowed to forge a molten layer on-line, and a stress field distribution of a molten layer can be accurately controlled layer by layer, so as to reduce a residual stress level of an additive-manufactured component and improve the mechanical properties of an additive-manufactured component, thereby allowing the high-performance LPBF-based additive manufacturing. The present disclosure has the following advantages: Due to the layer-by-layer shock forging mode, the method can control a stress field with a high accuracy and a better effect, will not cause secondary pollution or destruction, and exhibits excellent technical applicability.

The invention discloses a method for obtaining a high-mechanical-property high-entropy alloy laser powder bed melting forming component, which comprises the following steps of: printing a three-dimensional solid component by using mixed powder of a high-entropy alloy and ceramic particles as a raw material and adopting a powder-based laser powder bed melting process; and the high-entropy alloy component which is high in compactness, free of cracks, fine in grain and excellent in mechanical property can be obtained. According to the obtained high-entropy alloy laser powder bed melting forming component, multiple kinds of strengthening such as grain refinement and tissue structure transformation occur in the laser powder bed melting process, and compared with a high-entropy alloy original material, the high-entropy alloy laser powder bed melting forming component has better mechanical performance. The obtained high-entropy alloy laser powder bed melt forming component can be applied to the fields of aerospace engine part manufacturing, anti-corrosion coatings and the like, and the requirement for the high-strength high-entropy alloy component is met.

The invention discloses an in-situ heat treatment laser powder bed melting device and an application method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of metal additive manufacturing. The device comprises a forming chamber, a laser powder bed melting system, a heat treatment system and a control system, the laser powder bed melting system comprises a powder laying and feeding system and a laser system, the powder laying and feeding system is used for conveying metal powder into the heat treatment system, and the laser system is used for conducting laser printing on the metal powder in the heat treatment system; the heat treatment system is used for conducting in-situ heat treatment on slices or components formed through laser printing, and the control system is used for controlling operation of all the systems. The laser powder bed melting technology and the heat treatment technology are combined, the forming process and the heat treatment process are alternately carried out, the printing efficiency is improved, high-quality forming is achieved, meanwhile, residual stress can be rapidly eliminated, the mechanical property can be improved, and the forming quality of metal laser powder bed melting large-layer-thickness printing is greatly improved.

The present disclosure relates to a fabrication and evaluation process for testing new metallic alloy chemistries and compositions for laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF). The new methodology is efficient and effective for new compositions with a minimal investment of generating large quantities of powder feedstock for required in conventional AM processing. The method allows for subsurface melting of the new alloy composition by varying the depth of penetration by a control of the input power level, power deposition rate, and rastering scan strategy. Post-mortem analysis of the subsurface microstructure permits an analysis of the durability and suitability of the new metallic alloy for this manufacturing mode. The method utilizes available infrastructure, technology, and characterization techniques.

The invention discloses a composite powder spreading device for large-size multi-electron-beam selective melting forming. The composite powder spreading device comprises a powder falling device, a powder falling opening partition plate, a composite scraper mounting frame, a rear rolling shaft, a powder collecting device and a scraper blade. The upper end of the powder falling device is connected with the powder conveying channel; the powder collecting device moves to the position below the powder falling device when receiving the powder, leaves the position below the powder falling device after receiving the powder, and moves along the forming area to spread the powder; the powder falling opening partition plate is opened when the powder collecting device receives the powder and is closed after the powder is received; a rear rolling shaft and a scraper blade are mounted on the composite scraper mounting frame; the scraper blade and the rear rolling shaft synchronously move along with the powder collecting device, the scraper blade is used for scraping the powder in the powder laying process, and the rear rolling shaft is used for compacting the scraped powder. According to the method, the powder spreading state of the powder bed can be improved, the powder spreading uniformity of the large-amplitude powder bed is improved, pores among powder are reduced, the stability of the electron beam selective melting process is optimized, and the printing success rate is increased.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a preheating process parameter optimization method for inhibiting powder blowing of an electron beam powder bed, relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and aims to solve the problems that the development of preheating process parameters of the electron beam powder bed is difficult and the period is long. The preheating process parameter optimization method for suppressing powder blowing of the electron beam powder bed comprises the following steps: acquiring a preheating current gradient growth mode and bottom plate preheating process parameters adopted by a target process; determining target powder bed preheating key parameters based on the preheating current gradient growth mode and the bottom plate preheating process parameters; and the target powder bed preheating key parameters have no powder blowing phenomenon in the printing process. By means of the technological parameter development process, preheating technological parameters can be rapidly obtained, and the development progress of melting forming of the electron beam powder bed is shortened.

The invention discloses an additive manufacturing powder bed preheating system and method based on hot air-partition radiation synergy. The additive manufacturing powder bed preheating system comprises a preheating outer box, a powder bed, a hot air circulating system, a partition radiation heating system and a layering synergy controller. The method has the beneficial effects that an upper-layer steady-state optimization and lower-layer dynamic compensation framework is adopted, wherein the upper layer aims at energy efficiency and temperature uniformity, and the temperature and the air speed of a hot air inlet are optimized; and the lower layer is based on real-time temperature feedback, the partition radiation power is adjusted through a feedback + feedforward decoupling algorithm, local temperature disturbance is compensated, hot air rapidity and partition radiation accuracy are fused, the problems of response lag, space coupling and laser preheating cooperation deficiency are solved, rapid, uniform and dynamic regulation and control of the temperature field of the powder bed are achieved, the additive manufacturing quality is improved, and the production efficiency is improved. The method is suitable for high-precision manufacturing of various high polymer materials.

The invention discloses a post-treatment method for high-toughness modification of a molten titanium-based composite material of a laser powder bed, relates to the field of metal-based composite materials, and aims to solve the problem that the room-temperature toughness of the titanium-based composite material is not matched. According to the preparation method, a near-alpha titanium alloy or alpha + beta double-phase titanium alloy is selected as a matrix to be mixed with a ceramic reinforced phase, and then the titanium-based composite material is prepared; performing hot isostatic pressing treatment in the alpha + beta two-phase region; and the titanium-based composite material subjected to hot isostatic pressing is subjected to solution aging treatment, then water cooling is conducted, and then furnace cooling is conducted after aging treatment. Through the combination of hot isostatic pressing and solid solution aging treatment, the room-temperature plasticity is remarkably improved while the strength is almost not reduced, and high compactness, high strength and high toughness of the titanium-based composite material are achieved. The mechanical property of the titanium-based composite material is greatly improved, the problem that the toughness of the titanium-based composite material is not matched at room temperature is solved, and the method has important significance in wide application and popularization of the laser powder bed molten titanium-based composite material in engineering practice.

The invention discloses a heat input control method for a multi-electron-beam powder bed melting additive manufacturing process, which adopts a finite element simulation means to control heat input in the additive manufacturing process and can be applied to research and development of powder bed preheating process parameters in the multi-electron-beam powder bed melting additive manufacturing forming process. Through cooperative work of a forming electron beam and a preheating electron beam, a temperature field is dynamically regulated and controlled in combination with finite element simulation, and the problems of large temperature gradient, high residual stress and multiple crack defects in a traditional process are solved; the electron beam is preheated to continuously heat the non-melting area, double-beam energy distribution is optimized in combination with an energy balance equation, and the forming quality and the process efficiency are remarkably improved.

Systems, methods, and programs for detecting and removing defects on a part during laser powder bed fusion manufacturing are described. A sensor may detect defects on the part during manufacturing of the part. A controller may obtain the sensor data and determine the defect and control a short-pulse laser to remove the defect. Furthermore, processes of manufacture and material properties of the part may be evaluated to determine a likelihood of a defect and the short-pulse laser may be operated to reduce the likelihood of the defect. Furthermore, the short-pulse laser may be operated to reduce stress in layers of the part.

The invention belongs to the technical field of titanium alloy additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to an electron beam additive manufacturing method for oxygen-enriched titanium alloy. According to the method, circulating titanium alloy coarse powder with the oxygen content being 0.25 wt.%-0.30 wt.% is adopted, the circulating titanium alloy coarse powder is dried and then subjected to printing forming, and a powder layer is obtained; according to the method, electron beam powder bed cladding is conducted on a powder layer under the environment that the vacuum degree is 10 <-3 > Pa to 10 <-5 > Pa, a BCC phase is reserved by means of a steady-state thermal field formed by electron beam powder bed cladding at a preheated substrate at the temperature of 700 DEG C to 800 DEG C, in the deformation process, transformation from BCC to HCP and transformation from HCP to FCC are induced by stress, and the high-toughness oxygen-enriched titanium alloy is obtained; the excellent performance matching of the tensile strength of 1220 MPa and the elongation percentage of 14.5% is realized, and meanwhile, the uniform elongation percentage of 8.1% is kept.

The invention discloses a laser powder bed molten high-strength, high-plasticity and high-work-hardening titanium alloy and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that two kinds of titanium alloy powder with different Mo equivalents are mixed according to a certain mass ratio to form mixed powder, and the mixed powder is put into laser powder bed melting equipment; the titanium alloy is finally obtained through layer-by-layer forming by laser powder bed melting equipment according to a slicing path and process parameters of a three-dimensional model, the microstructure of the prepared titanium alloy comprises hexagonal martensite alpha 'and orthorhombic martensite alpha', and in a preferable scheme, under the condition that heat treatment is not needed, the yield strength of the titanium alloy is larger than or equal to 950 MPa, the tensile strength is larger than or equal to 1250 MPa, and the tensile strength is larger than or equal to 1250 MPa. The alloy has the advantages of high strength, high plasticity and excellent work hardening capacity, can meet the requirements of forming and high mechanical properties of titanium alloy components in complex shapes, and is especially suitable for the fields of aerospace, automobiles, weapon armors, ships, oceans and the like, and the ductility is greater than or equal to 14%, and the work hardening capacity is greater than or equal to 250 MPa.

A molten pool image processing method in the laser powder bed melting process comprises the steps that the center of a nominal molten pool is positioned, a region of interest is extracted, an optimal gray threshold value is calculated through a self-adaptive threshold value algorithm, binary processing is conducted on a gray image, and a binary molten pool image is obtained; performing edge detection on the binary molten pool image to obtain an edge image, constructing an edge point polar coordinate sequence, and calculating a polar angle difference matrix and a polar radius difference matrix; calculating the number of contours in the edge image, and judging whether the edge image has splashing points or not; calculating a polar angle difference value of adjacent edge points, and judging whether the contour of the molten pool is closed; on the premise of ensuring that the contour of the molten pool is closed, based on the shape symmetry assumption of the molten pool, the distance between symmetric points of the molten pool is calculated, basic geometrical characteristics of the molten pool are extracted, and physical values of the basic geometrical characteristics of the molten pool are calculated. Based on the gray level and spatial distribution difference of the molten pool and the background noise, the challenge of tracking the morphology of the molten pool under any processing condition in the actual production process can be relieved.

The invention discloses an electron beam additive manufacturing method for an integrated copper-chromium contact-conducting rod assembly, and belongs to the technical field of copper-chromium contact manufacturing. The electron beam additive manufacturing method comprises the steps that S1, a special powder system is designed and prepared, specifically, contact area powder and conducting rod area powder are prepared and subjected to drying treatment; s2, digital modeling and support design: establishing an integrated copper-chromium contact-conducting rod assembly model by using three-dimensional software and slicing; S3, fusing and integrally forming by using an electron beam powder bed: printing an integrated copper-chromium contact-conducting rod assembly in a vacuum chamber of the electron beam powder bed, and S4, a printing post-treatment process is carried out, specifically, returning treatment, hot isostatic pressing treatment and machining treatment are carried out on the integrated copper-chromium contact-conducting rod assembly printed piece. According to the printing post-treatment process, the residual stress of the integrated copper-chromium contact-conducting rod assembly can be effectively eliminated through the printing post-treatment process; and the problems of macroscopic cracks and part warping caused by high residual thermal stress can be effectively avoided.

The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and particularly relates to a continuous pulse mixed type patterning laser powder bed light path system and method.Laser powder is preheated to be close to a melting point but not molten through set continuous-period light emitting, the preheated laser powder is completely molten through pulse-period light emitting, and in other words, the continuous pulse mixed type patterning laser powder bed light path system and method are obtained; continuous light is only used for preheating powder for a short time, so that the powder is close to a melting point but not molten; then peak energy is rapidly provided through microsecond pulsed light, powder melting is completed instantly, in this way, the effective heating time is shortened, the heat radiation range of heating is controlled, the heating time of a system is far shorter than the heating time of traditional continuous light, melting and solidification are completed when heat is not diffused out of a preset pattern in time, and the production efficiency is greatly improved. Therefore, the fusion area is limited within the pattern range, the subsequent part forming precision is improved, and laser loss caused by too high peak power due to short time is reduced through pulse light emitting and continuous light emitting.

The invention discloses an electron beam powder bed lap joint process parameter development method and device, and belongs to the technical field of electron beam selective melting. Comprising the following steps: performing partition segmentation on a forming section printed by an electron beam powder bed to obtain a plurality of adjacent partitions, and determining key process parameter types of lap joint areas between the adjacent partitions; wherein the key process parameter type comprises a lap joint distance and a random offset distance; based on existing typical line length filling parameters, designing an orthogonal test of a lap joint distance and a random offset distance, printing a test block, carrying out visual inspection and metallographic dissection, and determining a candidate parameter interval by taking no hole defect as a target; and obtaining candidate parameter intervals corresponding to the plurality of different typical line lengths, and determining the optimal value of the key process parameter type in the plurality of different candidate parameter intervals. The metallurgical quality effect of the lap joint area in the filling process can be guaranteed, and the metallurgical quality and consistency of the filling area can be improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and discloses a large-breadth overhanging area unsupported powder bed additive manufacturing forming method, which is characterized in that an overhanging area is divided into a bonding forming area and a melting curing area, so that structural self-supporting of overhanging area processing is realized, and the tedious step of using an additional supporting structure in a traditional method is avoided; therefore, the problem that the supporting structure is difficult to remove in traditional additive manufacturing is effectively solved; in addition, the binder forming allowance compensation area is designed at the bottom of the binder forming area, and the vertical height of the binder forming allowance compensation area is set, so that the difference between the apparent density of metal powder and the density of the corresponding metal material is ensured; the dimensional deviation generated in the subsequent sintering process after printing of the to-be-machined part is completed is avoided, the stability and the supporting strength of the bonding forming area are guaranteed, and meanwhile the precision and the overhanging surface quality of the overhanging area under the condition that no external supporting exists are further improved.

The present invention provides a method for manufacturing an automobile brake caliper based on a selective laser melting additive manufacturing technology. The method divides a three-dimensional digital model into structural areas, formulates an SLM process parameter strategy for the structural areas, and the SLM process parameter strategy includes adjusting laser power, scanning speed, scanning spacing, and powder layer thickness. According to the three-dimensional digital model of the brake caliper and the SLM process parameter strategy, additive powder is laid in a powder bed of an SLM device, a high-power density laser beam is used to scan the surface of the powder bed layer by layer, powder particles are selectively melted, laser energy density input is controlled, the thermophysical properties of the powder material are matched, microstructure evolution is controlled, and a gradient distribution of mechanical properties and thermal conductivity is obtained. After a layer is melted and solidified, the powder bed is lowered by a layer thickness, a new powder layer is spread, and the above process is repeated until the additive manufacturing of the brake caliper is completed. The method has the effects of lightweight, high structural strength, and good heat dissipation.

The invention discloses an in-situ composite titanium carbide reinforced titanium-based alloy and a preparation method thereof. The in-situ composite titanium carbide reinforced titanium-based alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0 < = N < = 0.010%, 0 < = H < = 0.015%, 0 < = O < = 0.2%, 0.10-0.40% of C and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurities. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the titanium powder and the graphite powder, and carrying out metal laser powder bed fusion printing. According to the invention, through in-situ synthesis of nano TiC particles, the size and morphology of the TiC particles are regulated and controlled, so that the mechanical property of the titanium-based alloy is greatly improved. The titanium-based alloy with high strength and excellent elongation is obtained by using a trace interstitial element C, and is independent of solid solution strengthening, second-phase dispersion strengthening or work hardening ways of expensive rare metals such as V, Mo, Nb and the like, so that green and low-cost preparation of the titanium alloy is facilitated.

Provided is an ultrafast laser shock forging assisted laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) method capable of inhibiting formation of thermal cracks in a high-strength aluminum alloy. Technical points of the present disclosure: During a LPBF process of an aluminum alloy, a molten layer is subjected to shock forging with a mechanical effect of ultra-high-pressure shock waves induced by an ultrafast laser to reduce a stress level of the molten layer, and a stress level is controlled layer by layer to eliminate the local stress concentration, thereby inhibiting the formation of thermal cracks. Advantages of the present disclosure: During a LPBF-based additive manufacturing process, a stress field is controlled to inhibit the formation of thermal cracks, and there is no need to add an alloying element or adopt a post-treatment, resulting in a simple and reliable process. A thermal crack density is accurately and efficiently controlled layer by layer.

The invention relates to a method for determining a component quality of a component (10) to be produced by powder bed-based melting, which component is formed by multiple successive layers (12).

The utility model discloses a powder spreading mechanism based on a 3D printer and a 3D printing device, and the powder spreading mechanism comprises a translation cross beam frame capable of performing translation motion; the powder spreading roller body is arranged on the translation cross beam frame in a switching assembly manner; and two end parts of the driving rope body are positioned, and the driving rope body is assembled on the powder spreading roller body in a winding manner. According to the mechanism and the device, the powder spreading roller body can be effectively driven to translate corresponding to the powder spreading bed through the translating cross beam frame, and meanwhile, smooth low-vibration powder spreading can be effectively realized by utilizing the roller body transmission part based on the driving rope body under the friction driving action of the rope wheel, so that the stability of the flattening function of the powder bed is remarkably enhanced, and the functional practicability is improved.