Collateral ventilation assessment system and method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a collateral ventilation assessment system and method thereof, the system comprising an inflatable occlusion device, a flow lumen, a connecting tube and an inspection instrument; the inflatable balloon of the application is inflated to expand and occlude the bronchial passage of the lung lobe to be tested, the inspection instrument provides positive pressure gas to enter the occluded lung lobe through the flow lumen, and the distal end of the flow lumen also provides an exhaust passage for the gas from the occluded lung lobe downstream of the occluded bronchial passage, which is exhausted into the expiration channel of the inspection instrument; the inspection instrument determines whether the tested lung lobe has collateral ventilation according to the monitored condition of the gas from the occluded lung lobe downstream of the occluded bronchial passage; and the bronchial passage with collateral ventilation can be excluded to avoid ineffective treatment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of examining lung lobes of a patient, and particularly relates to a collateral ventilation assessment system and a method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Various respiratory diseases, such as emphysema, can cause a patient to be unable to effectively exhale air from one or more lung lobes of their lungs. The resulting overinflation of the lungs can prevent the patient from being able to inhale sufficient oxygen, thus greatly affecting the patient's health.

[0003] Treatment, such as implanting a one-way endobronchial valve in a bronchial passageway to a dysfunctional lung lobe, can block air from entering the compartment to help prevent overinflation of the lung lobe.

[0004] When a patient suffers from collateral ventilation, in which air flows between lung lobes of the lungs rather than through the proper passageway into each lung lobe, such treatment can not be effective.

[0005] To avoid implanting endobronchial valves or using other treatments in cases where they will not be effective, it is necessary to detect when collateral ventilation occurs in a patient's lungs in advance, and how to achieve the detection is the focus of research and development. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the deficiencies described in the prior art above, the present application provides a collateral ventilation assessment system and a method thereof.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0008] A collateral ventilation assessment system comprises:

[0009] An inflatable occlusion device is inserted into a bronchial passageway and inflated to seal the bronchial passageway to occlude a lung lobe of a lung to be tested;

[0010] A flow lumen extends through the occlusion device to a distal end that is capable of expelling positive pressure gas into the occluded lung lobe and receiving gas from the occluded lung lobe downstream of the occluded bronchial passageway; the flow lumen also has a proximal end that is capable of receiving positive pressure gas into the flow lumen and expelling the gas into the occluded lung lobe and expelling gas from the occluded lung lobe downstream of the occluded bronchial passageway into the flow lumen;

[0011] A connecting tube connects the proximal end of the flow lumen and the inspection instrument, and is capable of transmitting positive pressure gas provided by the inspection instrument to the flow lumen and transmitting gas received by the flow lumen from the occluded lung lobe downstream of the occluded bronchial passageway to the inspection instrument;

[0012] An inspection instrument provides and monitors positive pressure gas exiting the occluded lobe into the flow lumen, receives and monitors gas from the occluded lobe downstream of the occluded bronchial tube received by the flow lumen, and evaluates the presence of collateral ventilation from the occluded lobe based on the monitoring results. The inspection instrument monitors the pressure and flow of the gas.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the inflatable occlusion device comprises an inflatable lumen and an inflatable balloon, the distal gas outlet end of the inflatable lumen communicates with the inflatable balloon, and the proximal gas inlet end of the inflatable lumen supplies inflation gas to the inflatable lumen, which inflates the inflatable balloon from the distal gas outlet end. The flow lumen extends through the inflatable balloon to the distal end.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the inflatable lumen and the flow lumen are a common extension of an integrated structure, and the inflatable lumen is located in the side wall of the flow lumen.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the inspection instrument is provided with an inhalation monitoring channel, an exhalation monitoring channel, and a total ventilation tube. The outer end of the total ventilation tube communicates with the connecting tube, and a total control valve is arranged on the total ventilation tube. The inner end of the total ventilation tube is divided into two paths, one of which communicates with the exhalation monitoring channel, and the other of which communicates with the inhalation monitoring channel through a control valve I. The inhalation monitoring channel provides positive pressure gas exiting the occluded lobe into the flow lumen for occlusion, and the exhalation monitoring channel receives gas from the occluded lobe downstream of the occluded bronchial tube received by the flow lumen. Both the total control valve and the control valve I are solenoid valves controlled by a controller. During the inspection, the total control valve is in the normally open state, the control valve I is in the open state during inhalation, and the control valve I is in the closed state during exhalation.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the inhalation monitoring channel comprises an inhalation channel, a pressure sensor, a flow sensor, and a control valve I. The gas outlet end of the inhalation channel communicates with the total ventilation tube. The pressure sensor and the flow sensor are arranged on the inhalation channel and monitor the pressure and flow of the positive pressure gas passing through the inhalation channel.

[0017] The exhalation monitoring channel comprises an exhalation channel, a pressure sensor, a flow sensor, and a one-way valve. The gas inlet end of the exhalation channel communicates with the total ventilation tube, and the gas outlet end of the exhalation channel is provided with a one-way valve. The pressure sensor and the flow sensor are arranged on the exhalation channel and monitor the pressure and flow of the gas from the occluded lobe downstream of the occluded bronchial tube passing through the exhalation channel.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the pressure sensor monitors the gas pressure in the range of -55 cm H2O to +55 cm H2O; and the flow sensor monitors the flow in the range of -1500 ml / min to +1500 ml / min.

[0019] The present application also provides a collateral ventilation evaluation method,

[0020] occluding the bronchial passage to occlude the lung lobe to be tested;

[0021] introducing the gas from the occluded lung lobe downstream of the occluded bronchial passage into an inspection instrument, the inspection instrument monitoring the pressure and flow of the gas and evaluating whether there is collateral ventilation from the occluded lung lobe or not according to the monitoring.

[0022] As a preferred solution of the present application, the inflation gas enters the inflation balloon through the inflation cavity to inflate the inflation balloon to occlude the bronchial passage, during the test, the total control valve is always open, when the patient inhales spontaneously, the control valve I is opened, the air inlet end of the inhalation passage is communicated with the ambient environment, the external air enters the inhalation passage as positive pressure gas and is discharged from the distal end to the occluded lung lobe, when the patient exhales, the control valve I is closed, the gas from the occluded lung lobe downstream of the occluded bronchial passage enters the flow-through cavity from the distal end and is discharged from the connecting pipe to the exhalation passage of the inspection instrument.

[0023] As a preferred solution of the present application, when the pressure and flow of the gas from the occluded lung lobe downstream of the occluded bronchial passage continuously decrease over time, it indicates that there is no collateral ventilation from the occluded lung lobe; when the gas from the occluded lung lobe downstream of the occluded bronchial passage is stable over time, it indicates that there is collateral ventilation from the occluded lung lobe.

[0024] The present application occludes the lung lobe to be tested by inflating the inflation balloon to occlude the bronchial passage, relies on the spontaneous breathing of the patient and detects by means of the inspection instrument, when inhaling, the air inlet end of the inhalation passage is directly communicated with the external air, the external air directly enters the inhalation passage as positive pressure gas under the action of the negative pressure of the inhalation lung, the positive pressure gas enters the occluded lung lobe through the flow-through cavity, and the distal end of the flow-through cavity also provides a discharge passage for the gas from the occluded lung lobe downstream of the occluded bronchial passage, which is discharged into the exhalation passage of the inspection instrument, the inspection instrument judges whether there is collateral ventilation in the tested lung lobe according to the monitoring of the gas from the occluded lung lobe downstream of the occluded bronchial passage, and the bronchial passage with collateral ventilation can be excluded by the present application to avoid ineffective treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the present application.

[0027] Figure 2 Partial enlarged view of the occluded bronchial passage of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0029] A collateral ventilation assessment system, as shown in Figure 1 and 2 comprises:

[0030] an inflatable occlusion device inserted into a bronchial passage to inflate and seal the bronchial passage to occlude a lung lobe of a lung to be tested;

[0031] In the embodiment, the inflatable occlusion device comprises an inflation lumen 100 and an inflatable balloon 101, the distal gas outlet end of the inflation lumen communicates with the inflatable balloon 101, the proximal gas inlet end of the inflation lumen supplies inflation gas to the inflation lumen, the inflation gas enters the inflatable balloon from the distal gas outlet end to inflate the inflatable balloon, and a flow lumen 200 extends through the inflatable balloon to a distal end 201.

[0032] The flow lumen 200 extends through the inflatable balloon to the distal end 201 in a sealed manner, the distal end 201 can supply positive pressure gas to the occluded lung lobe and receive gas from the occluded lung lobe downstream of the occluded bronchial passage, and the flow lumen 200 also has a proximal end 202 that can receive positive pressure gas into the flow lumen and then discharge the positive pressure gas into the occluded lung lobe, and discharge gas from the occluded lung lobe downstream of the occluded bronchial passage into the flow lumen;

[0033] In the embodiment, the inflation lumen 100 and the flow lumen 200 are a co-extended integrated structure, and the inflation lumen is located on the side wall of the flow lumen, adopting a balloon catheter structure.

[0034] A connecting tube 300 connects the proximal end 202 of the flow lumen and an inspection instrument 400, and can transmit positive pressure gas provided by the inspection instrument to the flow lumen and transmit gas received by the flow lumen from the occluded lung lobe downstream of the occluded bronchial passage to the inspection instrument;

[0035] The inspection instrument 400 provides and monitors positive pressure gas into the flow lumen for discharge of the occluded lung lobe, receives and monitors gas from the occluded lung lobe downstream of the occluded bronchial passage received by the flow lumen, and evaluates whether collateral ventilation from the occluded lung lobe exists according to the monitoring results. The inspection instrument monitors the pressure and flow of the gas.

[0036] Specifically, the inspection instrument is provided with an inhalation monitoring channel, an exhalation monitoring channel and a total ventilation pipe 401; the outer end of the total ventilation pipe is communicated with a connecting pipe, and a total control valve 402 is arranged on the total ventilation pipe; the inner end of the total ventilation pipe is divided into two paths, one of which is communicated with the exhalation monitoring channel, and the other is communicated with the inhalation monitoring channel through a control valve I; the inhalation monitoring channel provides positive pressure gas for the lung lobe discharged after being blocked into the flow cavity; and the exhalation monitoring channel receives the gas of the blocked lung lobe downstream of the blocked bronchial tract received by the flow cavity.

[0037] The inhalation monitoring channel comprises an inhalation channel 403, a pressure sensor, a flow sensor and the control valve I 404; the gas outlet end of the inhalation channel is communicated with the total ventilation pipe; and the pressure sensor and the flow sensor are arranged on the inhalation channel and monitor the pressure and flow of the positive pressure gas passing through the inhalation channel.

[0038] The exhalation monitoring channel comprises an exhalation channel 405, a pressure sensor, a flow sensor and a one-way valve 406; the gas inlet end of the exhalation channel is communicated with the total ventilation pipe; the gas outlet end of the exhalation channel is provided with the one-way valve; and the pressure sensor and the flow sensor are arranged on the exhalation channel and monitor the pressure and flow of the gas of the blocked lung lobe downstream of the blocked bronchial tract passing through the exhalation channel.

[0039] Both the total control valve and the control valve I are solenoid valves and are controlled by a controller; when inspection is performed, both are in an open state.

[0040] The pressure range monitored by the pressure sensor is -55cm H2O to +55cm H2O; and the flow range monitored by the flow sensor is -1500ml / min to +1500ml / min.

[0041] The application further provides an embodiment of a collateral ventilation evaluation method, wherein a bronchial tract is blocked to block a lung lobe of a lung to be tested.

[0042] Gas from a blocked lung lobe downstream of the blocked bronchial tract is introduced into an inspection instrument, the inspection instrument monitors the pressure and flow of the gas, and whether collateral ventilation from the blocked lung lobe is lacking or existing is evaluated according to the monitoring result.

[0043] Using the evaluation device, a balloon catheter is inserted into the bronchial tract, inflation gas is introduced into the inflation cavity from the proximal gas inlet end and into the inflation balloon from the distal gas outlet end to inflate the inflation balloon to block the bronchial tract, so that the lung lobe to be tested is blocked.

[0044] The total control valve is opened.

[0045] When the patient inhales, control valve I opens and the inspiratory port of the inspiratory channel is in communication with the ambient environment, and ambient air enters the inspiratory channel as positive pressure gas into the flow-through chamber and out the distal end into the occluded lobe; when the patient exhales, control valve I closes and the gas from the occluded lobe downstream of the occluded bronchial channel enters the flow-through chamber from the distal end and is expelled into the exhalation channel of the testing instrument through the connecting tube.

[0046] When the pressure and flow of gas from the occluded lobe downstream of the occluded bronchial channel continues to decrease over time, it indicates a lack of collateral ventilation from the occluded lobe; when the pressure and flow of gas from the occluded lobe downstream of the occluded bronchial channel stabilizes over time, it indicates the presence of collateral ventilation from the occluded lobe.

[0047] In the description of the present specification, the description referring to the terms "one embodiment", "an example", "a specific example" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Also, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0048] The above description is merely preferred specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, according to the technical range disclosed in the present application and the inventive concept thereof, can make equivalent replacements or changes, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A collateral ventilation assessment system, characterized in that, include: An inflatable occlusion device, wherein the inflatable occlusion device is inserted into a bronchial channel, inflated and then sealed to close the bronchial channel, thereby occluding the lung lobe of the lung to be tested. The flow chamber extends in a sealed manner through the occlusion device to a distal end, the distal end being capable of expelling positive pressure gas into the occluded lung lobe and receiving gas from the occluded lung lobe downstream of the occluded bronchus; the flow chamber also has a proximal end, the proximal end being capable of receiving positive pressure gas entering the flow chamber and then expelling it into the occluded lung lobe, and expelling gas from the occluded lung lobe downstream of the occluded bronchus that enters the flow chamber. A connecting tube connects the proximal end of the flow chamber to the examination instrument. The connecting tube is capable of transmitting positive pressure gas provided by the examination instrument to the flow chamber and transmitting gas received by the flow chamber from the occluded lung lobe downstream of the occluded bronchus to the examination instrument. The instrument provides and monitors the positive pressure gas exiting the occluded lung lobe into the flow chamber, receives and monitors the gas received by the flow chamber from the occluded lung lobe downstream of the occluded bronchus, and assesses the presence of collateral ventilation from the occluded lung lobe based on the monitoring results. The examination device is equipped with an inspiratory monitoring channel, an expiratory monitoring channel, and a main ventilation tube. The outer end of the main ventilation tube is connected to a connecting tube, and a main control valve is provided on the main ventilation tube. The inner end of the main ventilation tube is divided into two paths: one path is connected to the expiratory monitoring channel, and the other path is connected to the inspiratory monitoring channel via control valve I. The inspiratory monitoring channel provides positive pressure gas entering the flow chamber to be expelled from the occluded lung lobe, and the expiratory monitoring channel receives gas from the occluded lung lobe downstream of the occluded bronchus received by the flow chamber. The inhalation monitoring channel includes an inhalation channel, a pressure sensor, a flow sensor, and a control valve I. The outlet end of the inhalation channel is connected to the main ventilation pipe. The pressure sensor and the flow sensor are installed on the inhalation channel and monitor the pressure and flow rate of the positive pressure gas passing through the inhalation channel. The exhalation monitoring channel includes an exhalation channel, a pressure sensor, a flow sensor, and a one-way valve. The inlet end of the exhalation channel is connected to the main ventilation tube, and the outlet end of the exhalation channel is equipped with a one-way valve. The pressure sensor and the flow sensor are installed on the exhalation channel and monitor the pressure and flow of gas in the occluded lung lobe downstream of the occluded bronchus through which the exhalation channel passes. Inflation gas enters the inflatable balloon through the inflation chamber, causing the balloon to expand and block the bronchial passage. During testing, the main control valve is normally open. When the patient inhales spontaneously, control valve I opens, and the inlet end of the inspiratory passage is connected to the surrounding environment. Outside air enters the inspiratory passage as positive pressure gas and enters the flow chamber, exiting from the distal end to the blocked lung lobe. When the patient exhales, control valve I closes, and the gas in the blocked lung lobe downstream of the blocked bronchial passage enters the flow chamber from the distal end and exits from the connecting tube into the expiratory passage of the instrument.

2. The collateral ventilation assessment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inflatable occlusion device includes an inflation chamber and an inflatable bladder. The distal outlet end of the inflation chamber communicates with the inflatable bladder. The proximal inlet end of the inflation chamber supplies inflation gas to the inflation chamber and enters the inflatable bladder from the distal outlet end, causing the inflatable bladder to expand. The flow chamber extends through the inflatable bladder to the distal end in a sealed manner.

3. The collateral ventilation assessment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inflation chamber and the flow chamber are an integral structure that extend together, and the inflation chamber is located on the side wall of the flow chamber.

4. The collateral ventilation assessment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure sensor monitors a gas pressure range of -55cm H2O to +55cm H2O; the flow sensor monitors a flow rate range of -1500ml / min to +1500ml / min.

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