Seismic physical modeling experimental device and method
By designing a seismic physics simulation experimental device that includes a sealed chamber, ultrasonic detection device, and fluid control system, the problem of data acquisition under varying temperature and pressure conditions was solved, achieving more accurate experimental data acquisition, which is suitable for simulating real reservoir conditions.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- PETROCHINA CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2021-12-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing earthquake physics simulation experimental devices cannot acquire ultrasonic data under varying temperature and pressure conditions, resulting in significant differences between experimental results and actual reservoir conditions, affecting the accuracy and usability of the data.
An earthquake physics simulation experimental device was designed, including a sealed chamber, an ultrasonic detection device, a fluid control system, and a temperature control system. It can simulate reservoir environments under different temperature and pressure conditions, and adjust the water, oil, and gas saturation of the model through a multiphase fluid displacement device to ensure the accuracy of experimental data.
This method enables ultrasonic data acquisition from reservoir models under varying temperature and pressure conditions, improving the accuracy and usability of experimental data, simulating real reservoir environments more realistically, and expanding the applicability of the experiment.
Smart Images
Figure CN116413763B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of earthquake physics simulation experiment research, and specifically to an earthquake physics simulation experiment apparatus and method. Background Technology
[0002] Seismic physics simulation is an experimental technique that involves creating geological models of field geological structures and bodies in a laboratory according to a certain simulation similarity ratio, and then using ultrasound to perform forward modeling of field seismic exploration methods. The basic experimental process includes establishing a geological-seismic model, selecting model materials and fabricating the model, model testing and data acquisition, and data processing and interpretation. Seismic physics simulation is increasingly widely used in oil and gas exploration and development. Besides research on seismic wave theory (e.g., research on the propagation theory of elastic waves in acoustic media, elastic media, anisotropic media, and two-phase media), it also plays an important role in oil and gas exploration and development, such as imaging complex structures (e.g., pre-salt structures, channel sand prediction), fracture zone detection, inter-well seismic research, and reservoir dynamic monitoring. The propagation speed of elastic waves in rocks changes with environmental conditions (temperature and pressure), especially after the reservoir contains gas, where the propagation speed changes even more significantly. He Zhenhua et al., through their research on ultrasonic testing technology under formation temperature and pressure conditions, theoretically discussed the necessity of physical model experiments under these conditions (He Zhenhua et al., 2003). Curtin University of Technology in Australia successfully simulated the AVO fluid response for the first time under high temperature and pressure conditions using a physical model, and the experimental analysis results showed good agreement with the theoretical results of Zoeppritz (Evans B, 2007). Therefore, simulating the actual temperature and pressure conditions of real formations and conducting ultrasonic seismic physical simulation experiments on elastic parameters, reservoir parameters, and fluid-containing structures can make the experimental results closer to reality, which is of great significance for the applicability of physical model experimental results. Currently, many research institutions at home and abroad have completed the construction of seismic physical simulation experimental platforms for ambient temperature and pressure reservoirs and carried out ultrasonic reflection data acquisition work on structural models under ambient temperature and pressure conditions, but there is a lack of experimental devices for ultrasonic reflection data acquisition of reservoir models under variable temperature and pressure conditions. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problem that existing earthquake physics simulation experiments all collect data from earthquake physics models at normal temperature and pressure, and to provide an earthquake physics simulation experimental device. This device can collect ultrasonic data from earthquake physics models under different temperature and pressure conditions, and can more realistically simulate the actual formation temperature and pressure of real reservoirs, thereby further improving the accuracy and usability of experimental data from earthquake physics simulation experiments.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an earthquake physics simulation experimental apparatus, comprising a sealed chamber for accommodating a reservoir model and a filling fluid, an ultrasonic detection device for detecting the reservoir model, a fluid control system for controlling the pressure of the fluid, and a temperature control system for controlling the temperature of the fluid, wherein the reservoir model is immersed in the fluid.
[0005] Preferably, the circumferential sidewalls of the reservoir model are covered with a rubber sleeve for isolating the circumferential sidewalls of the reservoir model from the fluid, and the circumferential sidewalls of the reservoir model are respectively connected to a multiphase fluid displacement device for setting the saturation of water, oil and gas in the reservoir model and a saturation testing device for detecting the saturation of water, oil and gas in the reservoir model.
[0006] Preferably, the reservoir model is provided with a seepage inlet connector and a seepage outlet connector for connecting the multiphase fluid displacement device on its sidewall; the reservoir model is also provided with a saturation electrode connector for connecting the saturation testing device on its sidewall.
[0007] Preferably, the temperature control system includes a heating rod and a temperature sensor located in the sealed chamber for heating the fluid.
[0008] Preferably, the ultrasonic detection device includes a probe driving mechanism and a first excitation probe, a second excitation probe, and a plurality of receiving probes arranged linearly along the diameter A of the reservoir model. The plurality of receiving probes are located between the first excitation probe and the second excitation probe and are arranged at equal intervals. The probe driving mechanism includes a lifting mechanism capable of simultaneously driving the first excitation probe, the second excitation probe, and the receiving probes to move up and down, a rotating mechanism capable of simultaneously driving the first excitation probe, the second excitation probe, and the receiving probes to rotate around the centerline of the reservoir model, and a translation mechanism. The translation mechanism is configured to drive the first excitation probe and the second excitation probe to translate along the diameter A respectively, and to simultaneously drive the plurality of receiving probes to translate along the diameter A.
[0009] Preferably, the rotating mechanism includes a rotating shaft coaxial with the reservoir model and a rotary motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate. The lower end of the rotating shaft is placed inside the sealed chamber and connected to the translation mechanism, and the upper end of the rotating shaft is placed outside the sealed chamber and connected to the drive shaft of the rotary motor. The first excitation probe, the receiving probe, and the second excitation probe are connected to the translation mechanism.
[0010] Preferably, the lifting mechanism is located outside the sealed chamber and includes a telescopic rod. The telescopic rod has a first central hole that runs vertically through it. The upper end of the rotating shaft passes through the first central hole and is connected to the drive shaft of the rotating motor. The rotating motor is fixed to the upper end of the telescopic rod.
[0011] Preferably, the translation mechanism includes a rack extending radially along the reservoir model and a first drive mechanism, a second drive mechanism, and a third drive mechanism that mesh with the rack via their respective gears. The first excitation probe and the second excitation probe are respectively disposed at the lower ends of the first drive mechanism and the third drive mechanism. A plurality of receiving probes are disposed at the lower end of the second drive mechanism. The length of the rack is greater than the diameter of the reservoir model, and the center position of the rack is fixed at the lower end of the rotating shaft.
[0012] Preferably, the sealed chamber is disposed within the cylinder body, the cylinder body comprising a lower cylinder body and an upper cylinder cover, the lifting cylinder body of the lifting mechanism is fixed to a plug disposed on the upper cylinder cover, the upper end of the plug is fixed to the outside of the upper cylinder cover, the lower end of the plug penetrates the upper cylinder cover and communicates with the sealed chamber, and the lower end of the rotating shaft passes through the second central hole of the plug and enters the sealed chamber.
[0013] Preferably, the fluid is transformer hydraulic oil.
[0014] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for earthquake physics simulation experiments, the method comprising the following steps:
[0015] S1. After wrapping the circumferential sidewalls of the reservoir model with a rubber sleeve, fix it in the sealed chamber.
[0016] S2. Inject fluid into the closed chamber through the fluid control system and control the fluid pressure at the pressure value required for the experiment; heat the fluid through the temperature control system and control it at the temperature value required for the experiment.
[0017] S3. The saturation of water, gas and oil in the reservoir model is adjusted to the values required for the experiment using a multiphase fluid displacement device, and the saturation of water, gas and oil in the reservoir model is dynamically monitored in real time using a saturation testing device to see if the saturation of water, gas and oil in the reservoir model changes.
[0018] S4. Two excitation probes and multiple receiving probes are arranged linearly along the diameter A of the reservoir model; the two excitation probes are the first excitation probe and the second excitation probe, respectively, and are located at the two ends of the diameter A; the multiple receiving probes are distributed at equal intervals and are located between the first excitation probe and the second excitation probe; the excitation probes and receiving probes are driven downward by the probe driving mechanism to contact the upper surface of the reservoir model.
[0019] S5. Only the first excitation probe is controlled to emit ultrasound to the reservoir model. Under the drive of the probe driving mechanism, the multiple receiving probes will perform an ultrasound signal acquisition once every time they move a distance D along the direction of the diameter A until the full coverage signal acquisition between the first excitation probe and the second excitation probe is completed.
[0020] S6. The probe driving mechanism drives the first excitation probe to move a specified distance L along the diameter A toward the direction of the second excitation probe. Under the drive of the probe driving mechanism, the multiple receiving probes will perform an ultrasonic signal acquisition once every time they move a distance D along the diameter A, until the full coverage signal acquisition between the first excitation probe and the second excitation probe is completed.
[0021] S7. Repeat steps S6 above until the first excitation probe moves to the center of the reservoir model, and then returns to the starting position, i.e. the end point of diameter A, by means of the probe drive mechanism.
[0022] S8. Control the second excitation probe located at the other end of the diameter A to emit ultrasonic waves toward the reservoir model. The multiple receiving probes, driven by the probe driving mechanism, will perform ultrasonic signal acquisition once every time they move a distance D along the direction of the diameter A, until the full coverage signal acquisition between the first excitation probe and the second excitation probe is completed.
[0023] S9. The second excitation probe is driven by the probe driving mechanism to move a specified distance L along the diameter A toward the first excitation probe. Each time the multiple receiving probes move a distance D along the diameter A under the drive of the probe driving mechanism, an ultrasonic signal is acquired once, until the full coverage signal acquisition between the first excitation probe and the second excitation probe is completed.
[0024] S10. Repeat step S9 above until the second excitation probe moves to the center position of the reservoir model, and then use the probe driving mechanism to return the second excitation probe to the starting position, which is the other end of the diameter A.
[0025] S11. The two excitation probes and multiple receiving probes are rotated around the centerline of the reservoir model by a set angle B using a probe driving device.
[0026] S12. Repeat steps S5-S10 above to enable the excitation probe and the receiving probe to complete the full-coverage linear data acquisition of the reservoir model part corresponding to the first rotation.
[0027] S13. Repeat steps S11-S12 above until the two excitation probes and multiple receiving probes rotate 180 degrees around the center line of the reservoir model from their initial positions, thus completing the comprehensive three-dimensional data acquisition of the reservoir model.
[0028] Preferably, the method is performed using the earthquake physics simulation experimental apparatus described in the above technical solution.
[0029] This invention provides an earthquake physics simulation experimental apparatus. By placing a reservoir model within a sealed chamber filled with fluid, a fluid control system regulates the fluid pressure within the chamber to maintain it at the pressure value of the actual reservoir being simulated, and a temperature control system regulates the fluid temperature within the chamber to maintain it at the temperature value of the actual reservoir being simulated. This ensures that the ambient temperature and pressure of the reservoir model are consistent with the actual reservoir being simulated. Furthermore, an ultrasonic detection device comprehensively collects data from the reservoir model, thereby obtaining experimental data that more closely approximates the simulated actual reservoir. This earthquake physics simulation experimental apparatus further improves the accuracy and usability of experimental data from earthquake physics simulation experiments, and its application range is wider, as it can simulate real strata under different temperature and pressure conditions by adjusting fluid temperature and pressure. Attached Figure Description
[0030] Figure 1 This is a front view of an earthquake physics simulation experimental apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.
[0031] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the interaction between the upper cylinder head and the probe drive mechanism.
[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures
[0033] 1. Cylinder body, 10. Sealed chamber, 11. Lower cylinder body, 12. Upper cylinder head, 2. Reservoir model, 21. Seepage inlet connector, 22. Seepage outlet connector, 23. Saturation electrode connector, 3. Ultrasonic detection device, 31. First excitation probe, 32. Receiving probe, 33. Second excitation probe, 4. Heating rod, 5. Lifting mechanism, 50. Telescopic rod, 51. Lifting cylinder body, 6. Rotating mechanism, 60. Rotating shaft, 61. Rotating motor, 7. Translation mechanism, 70. Rack, 71. First drive mechanism, 72. Second drive mechanism, 73. Third drive mechanism, 8. Plug, 9. Rubber sleeve. Detailed Implementation
[0034] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0035] This invention provides an earthquake physics simulation experimental device, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the system includes a sealed chamber 10 for containing a reservoir model 2 and a filling fluid, an ultrasonic detection device 3 for detecting the reservoir model 2, a fluid control system for controlling the fluid pressure, and a temperature control system for controlling the fluid temperature. The reservoir model 2 is immersed in the fluid. In this embodiment, the dimensions of the sealed chamber 10 are Ø500*400mm. During the experiment, the reservoir model 2 is placed in the fluid within the sealed chamber 10. The fluid control system is used to adjust the fluid pressure within the sealed chamber 10 to maintain it at the pressure value of the actual reservoir to be simulated. The temperature control system is used to adjust the fluid temperature within the sealed chamber 10 to maintain it at the temperature value of the actual reservoir to be simulated. Through these operations, the ambient temperature and pressure of the reservoir model 2 are set to be consistent with the actual reservoir to be simulated. Then, the ultrasonic detection device 3 is used to collect comprehensive ultrasonic data from the reservoir model 2 to obtain experimental data that more closely approximates the simulated actual reservoir. The earthquake physics simulation experimental device of the present invention further improves the accuracy and availability of experimental data in earthquake physics simulation experiments, and at the same time, it has a wider range of applications. It can simulate real geological environments under different temperatures and pressures by adjusting fluid temperature and pressure.
[0036] Furthermore, the temperature control system includes heating rods 4 located within the sealed chamber 10 for heating the fluid and temperature sensors. Multiple heating rods 4 are used to directly heat the fluid, and the temperature sensors control the fluid temperature to reach a specified value.
[0037] The sealed chamber 10 is equipped with fluid inlets and outlets respectively connected to the fluid control system. The fluid control system precisely controls the fluid pressure within the sealed chamber 10 to maintain it at a specified pressure value. The fluid control system includes a fluid pump and a pressure sensor.
[0038] Because the saturation levels of water, oil, and gas in real underground reservoirs vary depending on their geological structure, a rubber sleeve 9 is used to isolate the circumferential sidewalls of reservoir model 2 from the fluid in order to further improve the accuracy and usability of the experimental data. The circumferential sidewalls of reservoir model 2 are connected to a multiphase fluid displacement device for setting the saturation levels of water, oil, and gas in reservoir model 2, and a saturation testing device for detecting the saturation levels of water, oil, and gas in reservoir model 2. The multiphase fluid displacement device adjusts the saturation values of water, oil, and gas in reservoir model 2 to match those of the real reservoir being simulated. The saturation testing device monitors the saturation values of water, oil, and gas in reservoir model 2 in real time. When a saturation value changes, the multiphase fluid displacement device adjusts reservoir model 2 promptly to avoid affecting the accuracy of the experimental data. The rubber sleeve 9 can effectively isolate the sidewall of the reservoir model 2 from the fluid in the sealed chamber 10, so as to prevent the fluid from affecting the water, gas and oil saturation of the reservoir model 2.
[0039] Specifically, reservoir model 2 comprises three layers: a cap layer at the top, a reservoir layer in the middle, and a basement layer at the bottom. The sidewalls of reservoir model 2 are equipped with a seepage inlet connector 21 and a seepage outlet connector 22 for connecting to a multiphase fluid displacement device; the sidewalls of reservoir model 2 are also equipped with a saturation electrode connector 23 for connecting to a saturation testing device. The seepage inlet connector 21, the seepage outlet connector 22, and the saturation electrode connector 23 are all located on the outer wall of the middle reservoir layer of reservoir model 2, and their number is determined according to actual experimental requirements. One end of the seepage inlet connector 21 and the seepage outlet connector 22 is connected to the sidewall of reservoir model 2, and the other end passes through a rubber sleeve 9 and is connected to the seepage pipeline of the saturation testing device via a pipe. One end of the saturation electrode connector 23 is connected to the sidewall of the reservoir model, and the other end passes through a rubber sleeve 9 and is connected to the electrode plate of the saturation testing device via an electrode wire.
[0040] Specifically, before placing the reservoir model 2 into the sealed chamber, the reservoir model 2 is first placed on the base, and then the rubber sleeve 9 is put on the circumferential side wall of the reservoir model 2 and the base. Then the assembled reservoir model 2 is placed into the sealed chamber and fixed to the bottom of the sealed chamber by the fixing bracket.
[0041] Furthermore, the ultrasonic detection device 3 includes a probe driving mechanism and a first excitation probe 31, a second excitation probe 33, and a plurality of receiving probes 32 arranged linearly along the diameter A of the reservoir model 2. The plurality of receiving probes 32 are located between the first excitation probe 31 and the second excitation probe 33 and are arranged at equal intervals. The probe driving mechanism includes a lifting mechanism 5 capable of simultaneously driving the first excitation probe 31, the second excitation probe 33, and the receiving probes 32 to move up and down, a rotating mechanism 6 capable of simultaneously driving the first excitation probe 31, the second excitation probe 33, and the receiving probes 32 to rotate around the centerline of the reservoir model 2, and a translation mechanism 7. The translation mechanism 7 is configured to be able to drive the first excitation probe 31 and the second excitation probe 33 to translate along the diameter A respectively, and to simultaneously drive the plurality of receiving probes 32 to translate along the diameter A. The probe drive mechanism allows for the vertical movement of the excitation and receiving probes, moving them away from or into direct contact with the reservoir model. Both probes are coated with an oil-based solid coupling agent, such as Vaseline, at their lower ends. The mechanism also enables translation of the probes along diameter A, ensuring linear data acquisition coverage along this diameter. Furthermore, the mechanism allows for rotation of the probes around the central axis of the reservoir model, ensuring linear data acquisition coverage along other diameters of the model. Ultimately, this results in comprehensive and accurate data acquisition across the entire reservoir model. Specifically, both the excitation and receiving probes are Ø6*14mm in size.
[0042] Furthermore, the rotating mechanism 6 includes a rotating shaft 60 coaxial with the reservoir model 2 and a rotating motor 61 for driving the rotating shaft 60 to rotate. The lower end of the rotating shaft 60 is placed inside the sealed chamber 10 and connected to the translation mechanism 7, while the upper end of the rotating shaft 60 is placed outside the sealed chamber 10 and connected to the drive shaft of the rotating motor 61. The first excitation probe 31, the receiving probe 32, and the second excitation probe 33 are connected to the translation mechanism 7. The rotating motor 61 drives the rotating shaft 60 to rotate, thereby causing the translation mechanism 7 connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft 60 to rotate. The rotation of the translation mechanism 7 causes the first excitation probe 31, the receiving probe 32, and the second excitation probe 33 connected to it to rotate around the central axis of the reservoir model 2.
[0043] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism 5 is located outside the sealed chamber 10 and includes a telescopic rod 50. The telescopic rod 50 has a first central hole that extends vertically. The upper end of the rotating shaft 60 passes through the first central hole and is connected to the drive shaft of the rotating motor 61. The rotating motor 61 is fixed to the upper end of the telescopic rod 50. The lifting mechanism 5 drives the telescopic rod 50 to move up and down, thereby driving the rotating motor 61 to move up and down. The rotating shaft 60, which is connected to the drive shaft of the rotating motor 61, also moves up and down with the rotating motor 61, ultimately driving the excitation probe and the receiving probe connected to the translation mechanism 7 to move up and down.
[0044] Specifically, considering that the translation mechanism 7 is located in the fluid within the closed chamber 10, the translation mechanism 7 includes a rack 70 extending radially along the reservoir model 2 and a first drive mechanism 71, a second drive mechanism 72, and a third drive mechanism 73 respectively meshing with the rack 70 via their respective gears. A first excitation probe 31 and a second excitation probe 33 are respectively disposed at the lower ends of the first drive mechanism 71 and the third drive mechanism 73. Multiple receiving probes 32 are disposed at the lower end of the second drive mechanism 72. The length of the rack 70 is greater than the diameter of the reservoir model 2, and the center position of the rack 70 is fixed at the lower end of the rotating shaft 60. Through the first drive mechanism 71, the second drive mechanism 72, and the third drive mechanism 73, the first excitation probe 31, the second excitation probe 33, and the multiple receiving probes 32 can be driven to move along the length direction of the rack 70. This allows for linear detection and data acquisition of the rotating model 2 located below it every time the rack 70 rotates by one angle, thus enabling comprehensive detection and data acquisition of the rotating model through the rotation of the rack 70.
[0045] For ease of installation and disassembly, a sealed chamber 10 is provided inside the cylinder body 1. The cylinder body 1 includes a lower cylinder body 11 and an upper cylinder cover 12. The lifting cylinder body 51 of the lifting mechanism 5 is fixed on a plug 8 provided on the upper cylinder cover 12. The upper end of the plug 8 is fixed to the outside of the upper cylinder cover 12, and the lower end of the plug 8 passes through the upper cylinder cover 12 and communicates with the sealed chamber 10. The lower end of the rotating shaft 60 passes through the second central hole of the plug 8 and enters the sealed chamber 10.
[0046] Considering that a translation mechanism is also provided in the sealed chamber 10, in order to improve safety, the fluid in the sealed chamber 10 is preferably transformer hydraulic oil.
[0047] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for earthquake physics simulation experiments, comprising the following steps:
[0048] S1. After wrapping the circumferential sidewalls of the reservoir model with a rubber sleeve, fix it in the sealed chamber. The rubber sleeve can effectively isolate the sidewalls of the reservoir model from the external environment to prevent the external environment from affecting the saturation of water, oil, and gas inside the reservoir model.
[0049] S2. Fluid is injected into the sealed chamber through a fluid control system, and the fluid pressure is controlled at the pressure value required for the experiment; the fluid is heated through a temperature control system and controlled at the temperature value required for the experiment. By setting the pressure and temperature of the fluid in the sealed chamber, the external environmental pressure and temperature of the reservoir model can be made closer to the environment of the real reservoir to be simulated.
[0050] S3. The saturation levels of water, gas, and oil in the reservoir model are adjusted to the required experimental values using a multiphase fluid displacement device. A saturation testing device is used to dynamically monitor the changes in the saturation levels of water, gas, and oil in the reservoir model in real time. The multiphase fluid displacement device adjusts the saturation values of water, oil, and gas in the reservoir model to match those of the actual reservoir being simulated. The saturation testing device monitors the saturation levels of water, oil, and gas in the reservoir model in real time. When any saturation value changes, the multiphase fluid displacement device is used to adjust the reservoir model promptly to avoid affecting the accuracy of the experimental data.
[0051] S4. Two excitation probes and multiple receiving probes are arranged linearly along the diameter A of the reservoir model; the two excitation probes are the first excitation probe and the second excitation probe, respectively, and are located at the two ends of the diameter A; the multiple receiving probes are distributed at equal intervals and are located between the first excitation probe and the second excitation probe; the excitation probes and receiving probes are driven downward by the probe driving mechanism to contact the upper surface of the reservoir model.
[0052] S5. Only the first excitation probe is controlled to emit ultrasound to the reservoir model. Under the drive of the probe driving mechanism, the multiple receiving probes will perform an ultrasound signal acquisition once every time they move a distance D along the direction of the diameter A, until the full coverage signal acquisition between the first excitation probe and the second excitation probe is completed. The distance D can be set according to specific experimental requirements. If the receiving probe needs to move n times along the direction of the diameter A, and the diameter of the reservoir model is d, then D is approximately equal to the value of d / n.
[0053] S6. The probe driving mechanism drives the first excitation probe to move a specified distance L along the diameter A toward the second excitation probe. Under the drive of the probe driving mechanism, the multiple receiving probes will perform an ultrasonic signal acquisition once every time they move a distance D along the diameter A, until the full coverage signal acquisition between the first excitation probe and the second excitation probe is completed. The distance L can be set according to specific experimental requirements. If the number of times the first excitation probe moves is s, then the distance L is approximately equal to d / 2s.
[0054] S7. Repeat steps S6 above until the first excitation probe moves to the center of the reservoir model and returns to the starting position, i.e., the endpoint of diameter A, by means of the probe drive mechanism.
[0055] S8. Control the second excitation probe located at the other end of the diameter A to emit ultrasonic waves toward the reservoir model. The multiple receiving probes, driven by the probe driving mechanism, will perform ultrasonic signal acquisition once every time they move a distance D along the direction of the diameter A, until the full coverage signal acquisition between the first excitation probe and the second excitation probe is completed.
[0056] S9. The second excitation probe is driven by the probe driving mechanism to move a specified distance L along the diameter A toward the first excitation probe. Each time the multiple receiving probes move a distance D along the diameter A under the drive of the probe driving mechanism, an ultrasonic signal is acquired once, until the full coverage signal acquisition between the first excitation probe and the second excitation probe is completed.
[0057] S10. Repeat step S9 above until the second excitation probe moves to the center of the reservoir model. Then, use the probe drive mechanism to return the second excitation probe to the starting position, which is the other end of diameter A. When step S10 is completed, the two excitation probes and multiple receiving probes have completed the comprehensive linear detection and data acquisition of the reservoir model at diameter A.
[0058] S11. The two excitation probes and multiple receiving probes are rotated around the centerline of the reservoir model by a set angle B using a probe driving device. If the number of rotations driven by the probe driving device is m, then the angle B is approximately equal to 180° / m. In this embodiment, the set rotation angle B is 22.5°, and the total number of rotations m is 8.
[0059] S12. Repeat steps S5-S10 above to enable the excitation probe and the receiving probe to complete the full-coverage linear data acquisition of the reservoir model part corresponding to the first rotation.
[0060] S13. Repeat steps S11-S12 above until the two excitation probes and multiple receiving probes rotate 180 degrees around the center line of the reservoir model from their initial positions, thus completing the comprehensive three-dimensional data acquisition of the reservoir model.
[0061] The seismic physics simulation method of this invention, through the aforementioned steps, simulates the real reservoir environment under different temperature and pressure conditions by adjusting the fluid temperature and pressure within a sealed chamber. A multiphase fluid displacement device adjusts the saturation values of water, oil, and gas in the reservoir model to match those of the actual reservoir being simulated, and a saturation testing device monitors these values in real time. A probe drive mechanism drives the linear movement of the first excitation probe, the second excitation probe, and the receiving probe to collect linear two-dimensional data from the reservoir model, and the rotation of these probes enables three-dimensional data collection. This seismic physics simulation method of the present invention has wider applicability, and its experimental data more closely approximates real reservoir data, further improving the accuracy and usability of the experimental data from seismic physics simulation experiments.
[0062] In order to implement the above-mentioned method of earthquake physics simulation experiment more effectively in the experiment, this method uses the earthquake physics simulation experiment device described in the above technical solution.
[0063] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the inventive concept, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, including combinations of various specific technical features in any suitable manner. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not describe the various possible combinations separately. However, these simple modifications and combinations should also be considered as the content disclosed in the present invention and are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An earthquake physics simulation experimental device, characterized in that: Includes a sealed chamber (10) for accommodating a reservoir model (2) and a filling fluid, an ultrasonic detection device (3) for detecting the reservoir model (2), a fluid control system for controlling the pressure of the fluid, and a temperature control system for controlling the temperature of the fluid, wherein the reservoir model (2) is immersed in the fluid; The reservoir model (2) is covered with a rubber sleeve (9) for isolating the circumferential sidewall of the reservoir model (2) from the fluid. The circumferential sidewall of the reservoir model (2) is connected to a multiphase fluid displacement device for setting the saturation of water, oil and gas in the reservoir model (2) and a saturation testing device for detecting the saturation of water, oil and gas in the reservoir model (2).
2. The earthquake physical simulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reservoir model (2) is provided with a seepage inlet connector (21) and a seepage outlet connector (22) for connecting the multiphase fluid displacement device on its sidewall; the reservoir model (2) is provided with a saturation electrode connector (23) for connecting the saturation testing device on its sidewall.
3. The earthquake physical simulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature control system includes a heating rod (4) and a temperature sensor located in the sealed chamber (10) for heating the fluid.
4. The earthquake physical simulation experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ultrasonic detection device (3) includes a probe driving mechanism and a first excitation probe (31), a second excitation probe (33), and a plurality of receiving probes (32) arranged linearly along the diameter A of the reservoir model (2). The plurality of receiving probes (32) are located between the first excitation probe (31) and the second excitation probe (33) and are arranged at equal intervals. The probe driving mechanism includes a lifting mechanism (5) that can simultaneously drive the first excitation probe (31), the second excitation probe (33), and the receiving probes (32) to move up and down, a rotating mechanism (6) that can simultaneously drive the first excitation probe (31), the second excitation probe (33), and the receiving probes (32) to rotate around the center line of the reservoir model (2), and a translation mechanism (7). The translation mechanism (7) is configured to drive the first excitation probe (31) and the second excitation probe (33) to translate along the diameter A respectively, and to simultaneously drive the plurality of receiving probes (32) to translate along the diameter A.
5. The earthquake physical simulation experimental device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism (6) includes a rotating shaft (60) coaxial with the reservoir model (2) and a rotating motor (61) for driving the rotating shaft (60) to rotate. The lower end of the rotating shaft (60) is placed inside the sealed chamber (10) and connected to the translation mechanism (7). The upper end of the rotating shaft (60) is placed outside the sealed chamber (10) and connected to the drive shaft of the rotating motor (61). The first excitation probe (31), the receiving probe (32) and the second excitation probe (33) are connected to the translation mechanism (7).
6. The earthquake physical simulation experimental device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism (5) is located outside the sealed chamber (10) and includes a telescopic rod (50). The telescopic rod (50) has a first central hole that runs vertically through it. The upper end of the rotating shaft (60) passes through the first central hole and is connected to the drive shaft of the rotating motor (61). The rotating motor (61) is fixed to the upper end of the telescopic rod (50).
7. The earthquake physical simulation experimental device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The translation mechanism (7) includes a rack (70) extending radially along the reservoir model (2) and a first drive mechanism (71), a second drive mechanism (72) and a third drive mechanism (73) meshing with the rack (70) through their respective gears. The first excitation probe (31) and the second excitation probe (33) are respectively disposed at the lower ends of the first drive mechanism (71) and the third drive mechanism (73). A plurality of receiving probes (32) are disposed at the lower end of the second drive mechanism (72). The length of the rack (70) is greater than the diameter of the reservoir model (2), and the center position of the rack (70) is fixed at the lower end of the rotating shaft (60).
8. The earthquake physical simulation experimental device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sealed chamber (10) is located inside the cylinder body (1). The cylinder body (1) includes a lower cylinder body (11) and an upper cylinder cover (12). The lifting cylinder body (51) of the lifting mechanism (5) is fixed on a plug (8) located on the upper cylinder cover (12). The upper end of the plug (8) is fixed to the outside of the upper cylinder cover (12). The lower end of the plug (8) passes through the upper cylinder cover (12) and communicates with the sealed chamber (10). The lower end of the rotating shaft (60) passes through the second central hole of the plug (8) and enters the sealed chamber (10).
9. The earthquake physical simulation experimental apparatus according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The fluid is transformer hydraulic oil.
10. A method for conducting an earthquake physical simulation experiment, wherein the method is performed using the earthquake physical simulation experiment apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1. After wrapping the circumferential sidewalls of the reservoir model with a rubber sleeve, fix it in the sealed chamber. S2. Inject fluid into the closed chamber through the fluid control system and control the fluid pressure at the pressure value required for the experiment; heat the fluid through the temperature control system and control it at the temperature value required for the experiment. S3. The saturation of water, gas and oil in the reservoir model is adjusted to the values required for the experiment using a multiphase fluid displacement device, and the saturation of water, gas and oil in the reservoir model is dynamically monitored in real time using a saturation testing device to see if the saturation of water, gas and oil in the reservoir model changes. S4. Two excitation probes and multiple receiving probes are arranged linearly along the diameter A of the reservoir model; the two excitation probes are the first excitation probe and the second excitation probe, respectively, and are located at the two ends of the diameter A; the multiple receiving probes are distributed at equal intervals and are located between the first excitation probe and the second excitation probe; the excitation probes and receiving probes are driven downward by the probe driving mechanism to contact the upper surface of the reservoir model. S5. Only the first excitation probe is controlled to emit ultrasound to the reservoir model. Under the drive of the probe driving mechanism, the multiple receiving probes will perform an ultrasound signal acquisition once every time they move a distance D along the direction of the diameter A until the full coverage signal acquisition between the first excitation probe and the second excitation probe is completed. S6. The probe driving mechanism drives the first excitation probe to move a specified distance L along the diameter A toward the direction of the second excitation probe. Under the drive of the probe driving mechanism, the multiple receiving probes will perform an ultrasonic signal acquisition once every time they move a distance D along the diameter A, until the full coverage signal acquisition between the first excitation probe and the second excitation probe is completed. S7. Repeat steps S6 above until the first excitation probe moves to the center of the reservoir model, and then returns to the starting position, i.e. the end point of diameter A, by means of the probe drive mechanism. S8. Control the second excitation probe located at the other end of the diameter A to emit ultrasonic waves toward the reservoir model. The multiple receiving probes, driven by the probe driving mechanism, will perform ultrasonic signal acquisition once every time they move a distance D along the direction of the diameter A, until the full coverage signal acquisition between the first excitation probe and the second excitation probe is completed. S9. The second excitation probe is driven by the probe driving mechanism to move a specified distance L along the diameter A toward the first excitation probe. Each time the multiple receiving probes move a distance D along the diameter A under the drive of the probe driving mechanism, an ultrasonic signal is acquired once, until the full coverage signal acquisition between the first excitation probe and the second excitation probe is completed. S10. Repeat step S9 above until the second excitation probe moves to the center position of the reservoir model, and then use the probe driving mechanism to return the second excitation probe to the starting position, which is the other end of the diameter A. S11. The two excitation probes and multiple receiving probes are rotated around the centerline of the reservoir model by a set angle B using a probe driving device. S12. Repeat steps S5-S10 above to enable the excitation probe and the receiving probe to complete the full-coverage linear data acquisition of the reservoir model part corresponding to the first rotation. S13. Repeat steps S11-S12 above until the two excitation probes and multiple receiving probes rotate 180 degrees around the center line of the reservoir model from their initial positions, thus completing the comprehensive three-dimensional data acquisition of the reservoir model.