Smart mattress, monitoring system and monitoring method based on fiber Bragg grating sensing technology

Abstract

This invention discloses a smart mattress, monitoring system, and monitoring method based on fiber Bragg grating sensing technology, belonging to the field of fiber Bragg grating sensing technology. The smart mattress includes a mattress support structure, a first airbag column, a second airbag column, and a mattress cover arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The mattress support structure collects the patient's upper and lower body tilt angles, thus memorizing and marking surgical positions. The first airbag column collects the patient's weight. The mattress cover collects the pressure, temperature, and humidity of the skin in contact with the mattress, solving the problem of limited monitoring data in existing technologies. The second airbag column inflates or deflates based on the monitoring results of the mattress cover, addressing the issue that existing mattresses can only provide good preventative effects for short periods, thereby effectively preventing pressure sores in patients.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fiber Bragg grating sensing technology, and in particular to a smart mattress, monitoring system and monitoring method based on fiber Bragg grating sensing technology. Background Technology

[0002] Elderly people in nursing homes and patients in medical facilities often develop severe pressure sores due to prolonged bed rest, which can sometimes be fatal. Pressure sores are skin ulcers caused by pressure on the skin, resulting in soft tissue necrosis due to prolonged pressure on localized tissues. Additionally, pressure sores are the most common skin injury during surgery. For example, patients in a supine position during surgery are prone to injury to the occipital bone, scapula, elbows, sacrum, heels, and toes; patients in a lateral decubitus position during surgery are also susceptible to pressure sores on the forehead, elbows, jaw, chest, genitals, knees, and toes.

[0003] Current methods for preventing pressure ulcers primarily rely on manual techniques. These include: keeping bed sheets smooth and wrinkle-free; checking and removing any hard objects that might be trapped under the patient's body; gently moving the patient every 30 minutes during prolonged surgeries to reduce pressure on skin points; and avoiding pressure on local tissues to prevent direct skin damage. Despite these preventative measures, it's difficult to completely eliminate pressure ulcers. Therefore, appropriate equipment is needed to detect pressure ulcers early and provide timely treatment.

[0004] Current intelligent intervention methods utilize suspended air mattresses, whose wave-like airflow effectively reduces pressure sores. However, existing air mattresses typically use cylindrical air columns, which are relatively long and have a large surface area, offering only good preventative effects for short-term use; long-term effectiveness is poor. Current intelligent intervention methods primarily monitor respiratory rate, heart rate, and body movement. However, they lack data on skin pressure and duration, temperature, humidity, body tilt angle, and weight, as well as the ability to memorize and annotate the patient's surgical position and set warnings for abnormal patient movement to prevent falls, electrical burns, and other surgical accidents. Therefore, designing an intelligent mattress capable of monitoring multiple data points, memorizing and annotating surgical positions, and issuing warnings for abnormal movement is essential. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent mattress, monitoring system, and monitoring method based on fiber optic grating sensing technology, in order to solve the problems that the cylindrical air columns of existing mattresses can only achieve good preventive effects for a short period of time, and that the existing technology provides limited patient monitoring data, cannot memorize and mark surgical positions, and cannot issue alarms.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0007] A smart mattress based on fiber optic grating sensing technology, the mattress comprising: a mattress support structure, a first airbag column, a second airbag column, and a mattress cover arranged sequentially from bottom to top;

[0008] The mattress support structure is used to collect the patient's upper body tilt angle and lower body tilt angle;

[0009] The first airbag column is used to collect the patient's weight;

[0010] The bed cover is used to collect data on the pressure, temperature, and humidity of the patient's skin in contact with the mattress.

[0011] The second airbag column is used to inflate or deflate the bed cover based on the collected data.

[0012] Optionally, the mattress support structure includes:

[0013] The first fiber optic tilt angle sensor is used to collect the tilt angle of the patient's upper body.

[0014] The second fiber optic tilt angle sensor is used to collect the tilt angle of the patient's lower body.

[0015] Optionally, the first airbag column includes a fiber optic grating gas pressure sensor, and a manually operated venting valve is provided on the venting pipe of the first airbag column.

[0016] Optionally, the second airbag column is provided with multiple unit airbag columns, air supply nozzle docking platforms and air extraction nozzle docking platforms; each unit airbag column is connected to the air supply nozzle docking platform and the air extraction nozzle docking platform.

[0017] Optionally, the bed cover includes multiple sets of sensing units connected in series; the sensing unit includes a fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor, a fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor, and a fiber Bragg grating humidity sensor connected in series; the sensing unit is located directly above the unit airbag column.

[0018] A monitoring system, applied to the aforementioned smart mattress based on fiber Bragg grating sensing technology, the monitoring system comprising:

[0019] A smart mattress based on fiber optic grating sensing technology is used to monitor the patient's physical condition data, including: upper body tilt angle, lower body tilt angle, patient's weight, pressure on the patient's skin in contact with the mattress, contact temperature, and contact humidity.

[0020] A fiber optic grating demodulator, connected to the smart mattress, is used to demodulate the light wavelength corresponding to the body state data in real time.

[0021] A computer, connected to the fiber optic demodulator, is used to determine the change in the body state data based on the change in the wavelength of the received light wave, and to generate control signals and issue alarms based on the change in the body state data.

[0022] An air extraction and supply system is connected to the smart mattress and the computer, respectively, and is used to extract or supply air to the smart mattress according to the control signals generated by the computer.

[0023] Optionally, the gas extraction and supply system includes: a gas extraction unit, a gas supply unit, and a control unit; the control unit is connected to the gas extraction unit and the gas supply unit respectively; the gas extraction unit includes: a gas extraction pump, a gas extraction pipe, and a gas extraction valve; the gas supply unit includes: a gas supply pump, a gas supply pipe, and a gas supply valve.

[0024] One end of the air pump is connected to the control unit, and the other end of the air pump is connected to one end of each of the plurality of air extraction pipes; the other end of each air extraction pipe is connected to the air extraction nozzle docking platform of each unit airbag column in the second airbag column of the smart mattress; each air extraction pipe is provided with an air extraction valve.

[0025] One end of the air supply pump is connected to the control unit, and the other end of the air supply pump is connected to one end of each of the plurality of air supply pipes; the other end of one of the air supply pipes is connected to the air inlet pipe of the first airbag column, and the other ends of the remaining air supply pipes are connected to each unit airbag column through the air supply nozzle docking platform; each air supply pipe is provided with an air supply valve.

[0026] A monitoring method, applied to the aforementioned monitoring system, the monitoring method comprising:

[0027] The initial data information collected between the patient and the smart mattress is demodulated to obtain the initial light wavelength; the initial data information includes initial pressure information, initial upper body tilt angle information, and initial lower body tilt angle information; the initial light wavelength includes the initial pressure light wavelength, the initial upper body tilt angle light wavelength, and the initial lower body tilt angle light wavelength.

[0028] The real-time data information collected between the patient and the smart mattress is demodulated to obtain the real-time light wavelength; the real-time data information includes real-time pressure information, real-time upper body tilt angle information, and real-time lower body tilt angle information; the real-time light wavelength includes real-time pressure light wavelength, real-time upper body tilt angle light wavelength, and real-time lower body tilt angle light wavelength.

[0029] The change in body state data is obtained by comparing the real-time light wavelength with the initial light wavelength; the change in body state data includes the change in pressure, the change in upper body tilt angle, and the change in lower body tilt angle.

[0030] Determine whether the pressure change reaches or exceeds a preset pressure change limit to obtain a first determination result; determine whether the contact time between the patient and the unit airbag column in contact with the smart mattress reaches or exceeds a preset contact time limit to obtain a second determination result; based on the first determination result and the second determination result, alternately pump air from and supply air to the unit airbag column in contact with the patient and issue an alarm.

[0031] The system determines whether the upper body tilt angle reaches or exceeds a preset upper body tilt angle change limit. When the upper body tilt angle reaches or exceeds the preset upper body tilt angle change limit, an alarm is triggered and the surgical upper body position is recorded. The system also determines whether the lower body tilt angle reaches or exceeds a preset lower body tilt angle change limit. When the lower body tilt angle reaches or exceeds the preset lower body tilt angle change limit, an alarm is triggered and the surgical lower body position is recorded.

[0032] Optionally, the formula for calculating the pressure change is as follows:

[0033] ΔF(i)=αΔλ F

[0034] Where ΔF(i) is the pressure change, i is the number of fiber Bragg grating pressure sensors, α is the sensitivity of the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor, and Δλ F The difference between the real-time pressure light wavelength and the initial pressure light wavelength;

[0035] The formula for calculating the change in the upper body tilt angle is as follows:

[0036]

[0037] Wherein, Δθ1 is the change in the upper body tilt angle. The sensitivity of the first fiber optic grating tilt angle sensor is given by Δλ1, which is the difference between the wavelength of the light wave at the real-time upper body tilt angle and the initial upper body tilt angle.

[0038] The formula for calculating the change in the lower body tilt angle is as follows:

[0039]

[0040] Wherein, Δθ2 is the change in the lower body tilt angle. Δλ2 represents the sensitivity of the second fiber optic grating tilt angle sensor, and Δλ2 is the difference between the wavelength of the light wave at the real-time lower body tilt angle and the initial lower body tilt angle.

[0041] Optionally, the monitoring method further includes: measuring the patient's weight and monitoring the contact temperature and humidity between the patient and the smart mattress;

[0042] The measurement of the patient's weight specifically includes:

[0043] Obtain the first internal pressure of the first airbag column in the smart mattress when it is inflated;

[0044] Obtain the curve showing the relationship between the second internal pressure of the first airbag column and the duration of deflation during the deflation process;

[0045] The pressure change life is calculated by curve fitting based on the first internal pressure and the relationship curve.

[0046] Calculate the patient's real-time weight based on the pressure change lifespan;

[0047] The monitoring of the contact temperature and humidity between the patient and the smart mattress specifically includes:

[0048] The initial temperature and initial humidity information collected between the patient and the smart mattress are demodulated to obtain the initial temperature light wavelength and the initial humidity light wavelength.

[0049] The real-time temperature and humidity information collected between the patient and the smart mattress are demodulated to obtain the real-time temperature light wavelength and the real-time humidity light wavelength.

[0050] The wavelengths of the real-time temperature light wave and the initial temperature light wave are compared, and the wavelengths of the real-time humidity light wave and the initial humidity light wave are compared to obtain the temperature change and humidity change.

[0051] Determine whether the temperature change and humidity change reach or exceed the preset temperature change limit and humidity change limit, respectively.

[0052] If so, issue an alert;

[0053] The formula for calculating the temperature change is as follows:

[0054] ΔT(j)=βΔλ T

[0055] Where ΔT(j) is the temperature change, j is the j-th fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor, β is the sensitivity of the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor, and Δλ TThe difference between the wavelength of the real-time temperature light wave and the wavelength of the initial temperature light wave;

[0056] The formula for calculating the humidity change is as follows:

[0057] ΔH(k)=γΔλ H

[0058] Where ΔH(k) is the humidity change, k is the kth fiber Bragg grating humidity sensor, γ is the sensitivity of the fiber Bragg grating humidity sensor, and Δλ H It is the difference between the wavelength of the real-time humidity light wave and the wavelength of the initial humidity light wave.

[0059] According to specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0060] This invention provides a smart mattress, monitoring system, and monitoring method based on fiber optic grating sensing technology. The mattress support structure in the smart mattress can collect the patient's upper and lower body tilt angles, thereby memorizing and marking the surgical position. A first airbag column is used to collect the patient's weight, and the mattress cover is used to collect the pressure, temperature, and humidity of the skin in contact with the mattress. This invention provides diverse monitoring data, solving the problem of single-data collection. The second airbag column can inflate or deflate based on the mattress cover's monitoring results; this dynamic adjustment effectively prevents pressure sores on the patient. Attached Figure Description

[0061] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0062] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a smart mattress based on fiber Bragg grating sensing technology provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of fiber optic grating sensors in the mattress support structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tilt angle of the fiber optic grating sensor in the mattress support structure provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first airbag column provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of fiber Bragg grating sensors in the bed cover provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second airbag column provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the fiber Bragg grating sensor between each unit airbag column and the bed cover provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of the monitoring system provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 9 This is a structural block diagram of the gas extraction and supply system provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 10 This is a connection diagram of the gas extraction and supply system provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 11 A flowchart of the monitoring method provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 12 This is a graph showing the relationship between pressure and deflation duration when measuring body weight, provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0074] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0075] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent mattress, monitoring system, and monitoring method based on fiber Bragg grating sensing technology. The fiber Bragg grating demodulator demodulates the information collected by the fiber Bragg grating sensor, thereby enabling the monitoring of various body state data. By setting multiple cylindrical unit airbag columns instead of the strip-shaped airbag columns in the prior art, pressure sores can be effectively avoided in patients.

[0076] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0077] Example 1

[0078] like Figure 1As shown, the smart mattress based on fiber optic grating sensing technology provided by the present invention includes: a mattress support structure 101, a first airbag column 102, a second airbag column 103, and a mattress cover 104 arranged sequentially from bottom to top.

[0079] The mattress support structure 101 is used to collect the patient's upper and lower body tilt angles. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the mattress support structure 101 includes a first fiber Bragg grating tilt angle sensor 21 for acquiring the tilt angle of the patient's upper body and a second fiber Bragg grating tilt angle sensor 22 for acquiring the tilt angle of the patient's lower body. The first fiber Bragg grating tilt angle sensor 21 and the second fiber Bragg grating tilt angle sensor 22 are located at the center of the upper half and the center of the lower half of the mattress support structure 101, respectively. Figure 3 As shown, when the patient lies on the bed and the angle changes, the sensor can measure the tilt angle θ1 of the patient's upper body on the bed and the tilt angle θ2 of the patient's lower body on the bed.

[0080] The first airbag column 102 is used to collect the patient's weight. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the first airbag column 102 includes a fiber optic grating gas pressure sensor 41. A manually operated deflation valve is provided on the deflation pipe 43 of the first airbag column 102.

[0081] The mattress cover 104 is used to collect data on the skin pressure, temperature, and humidity of the area in contact with the smart mattress. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the bed cover 104 includes multiple sets of sensing units connected in series. These sensing units include a fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor 53, a fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 54, and a fiber Bragg grating humidity sensor 55 connected in series. The surface of the bed cover 104 is made of sterile, waterproof, and moisture-proof fiber cloth, and the interior is filled with materials such as cotton and down. The outlet 52 of the bed cover 104 is connected to the first fiber Bragg grating tilt angle sensor 21 via optical fiber or fiber optic cable.

[0082] The second airbag column 103 is used to inflate or deflate the airbag based on the data collected from the bed cover 104. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the second airbag column 103 is provided with multiple unit airbag columns 61, air supply nozzle docking platforms 62, and air extraction nozzle docking platforms 63; each unit airbag column 61 is connected to both the air supply nozzle docking platform 62 and the air extraction nozzle docking platform 63, and each unit airbag column 61 can achieve independent air extraction and supply. Figure 7 As shown, the sensing unit of the bed cover 104 is located directly above the unit airbag column 61.

[0083] Example 2

[0084] Regarding the smart mattress based on fiber Bragg grating sensing technology in Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a monitoring system. For example... Figure 8As shown, the monitoring system includes: a smart mattress 1 based on fiber Bragg grating sensing technology, a fiber Bragg grating demodulator 2, a computer 3, and an air supply and extraction system 4. The optical interface 31 of the fiber Bragg grating demodulator 2 is connected to the inlet interface 51 of the mattress cover 104.

[0085] The smart mattress 1 based on fiber optic grating sensing technology is used to monitor the patient's physical condition data, including: upper body tilt angle, lower body tilt angle, patient's weight, pressure on the patient's skin in contact with the mattress, contact temperature, and contact humidity.

[0086] The fiber optic demodulator 2 is connected to the smart mattress 1 and is used to demodulate the light wavelength corresponding to the body state data in real time.

[0087] Furthermore, the working principle of the fiber grating demodulator 2 for demodulating the wavelength of light is as follows: when a light beam propagates from the outside and enters the fiber grating (FBG), according to the fiber grating coupling mode theory, and when the phase matching condition is met, the wavelength of the reflected light wave from the fiber grating (FBG) satisfies:

[0088] λ B =2n eff Λ

[0089] In the above formula, n eff Λ and Λ represent the effective refractive index and fiber grating period, respectively. eff The change in Λ is related to temperature and strain. The effective refractive index n mentioned above... eff It is mainly affected by thermo-optical and elasto-optical effects. Λ is mainly affected by thermal expansion, which causes changes in fiber length or stretching.

[0090] Therefore, the wavelength shift of the center light wave in a Bragg fiber grating can be written as:

[0091] Δλ B =2n eff ΔΛ+2Δn eff Λ

[0092] As shown in the above formula, changes in the ambient temperature, humidity, and pressure of the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) will affect the grating length or effective refractive index n of the FBG. eff This change causes a shift in the wavelength of the center optical wave of the fiber Bragg grating (FBG).

[0093] Computer 3 is connected to fiber optic demodulator 2 and is used to determine the change in body state data based on the change in the wavelength of the received light wave, and to generate control signals and alarms based on the change in body state data. Alarms include sound and flashing colors.

[0094] The air extraction and supply system 4 is connected to the smart mattress 1 and the computer 3 respectively, and is used to extract or supply air to the smart mattress 1 according to the control signals generated by the computer 3. Figure 9 As shown, the air extraction system 4 specifically includes: an air extraction unit 92, an air supply unit 93, and a control unit 91. The control unit 91 is connected to the air extraction unit 92 and the air supply unit 93, respectively.

[0095] Furthermore, such as Figure 10 As shown, the air extraction unit 92 includes an air extraction pump 921, an air extraction pipe 922, and an air extraction valve 923; the air supply unit 93 includes an air supply pump 931, an air supply pipe 932, and an air supply valve 933. One end of the air pump 921 is connected to the control unit 91, and the other end of the air pump 921 is connected to one end of a plurality of air extraction pipes 922; the other end of each air extraction pipe 922 is connected to the air extraction nozzle docking platform 63 of each unit airbag column 61 in the second airbag column 103 of the smart mattress 1; each air extraction pipe 922 is provided with an air extraction valve 923; one end of the air supply pump 931 is connected to the control unit 91, and the other end of the air supply pump 931 is connected to one end of a plurality of air supply pipes 932; the other end of one of the air supply pipes 932 is connected to the air inlet pipe 42 of the first airbag column 102, and the other end of the remaining air supply pipes 932 is connected to the air supply nozzle docking platform 62 of each unit airbag column 61; each air supply pipe 932 is provided with an air supply valve 933.

[0096] Furthermore, the fiber optic demodulator 2 can demodulate the light wavelengths of pressure, temperature, humidity, weight, and tilt angle information carried by all fiber optic sensors connected on a single optical fiber or cable. Then, the computer 3 controls the air pump 921, the air supply pump 931, and the corresponding air extraction valve 923 and air supply valve 933 through the control system 91, thereby driving the air extraction valve 923 and air supply valve 933 to open and close.

[0097] Example 3

[0098] In relation to the monitoring system in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, the present invention also provides a monitoring method, such as... Figure 11 As shown, the monitoring methods include:

[0099] Step 111: Demodulate the initial data information collected between the patient and the smart mattress to obtain the initial light wavelength. The initial data information includes initial pressure information, initial upper body tilt angle information, and initial lower body tilt angle information; the initial light wavelength includes the initial pressure light wavelength, the initial upper body tilt angle light wavelength, and the initial lower body tilt angle light wavelength.

[0100] Step 112: Demodulate the real-time data collected between the patient and the smart mattress to obtain the real-time light wavelength. The real-time data includes real-time pressure information, real-time upper body tilt angle information, and real-time lower body tilt angle information; the real-time light wavelength includes the real-time pressure light wavelength, the real-time upper body tilt angle light wavelength, and the real-time lower body tilt angle light wavelength.

[0101] Step 113: Compare the real-time light wavelength with the initial light wavelength to obtain the changes in body state data. The changes in body state data include changes in pressure, changes in upper body tilt angle, and changes in lower body tilt angle.

[0102] Step 114: Determine whether the pressure change reaches or exceeds the preset pressure change limit to obtain a first determination result; determine whether the contact time between the patient and the unit airbag column in contact with the smart mattress reaches or exceeds the preset contact time limit to obtain a second determination result; based on the first determination result and the second determination result, alternately de-inflate and supply air to the unit airbag column in contact with the patient and the smart mattress and issue an alarm. The initial state of the unit airbag column is fully inflated. If the pressure change of a certain unit airbag column reaches or exceeds the preset pressure change limit, or the contact time reaches or exceeds the preset contact time limit, de-inflate the unit airbag column and issue an alarm; if the pressure change of this unit airbag column again reaches or exceeds the preset pressure change limit, or the contact time reaches or exceeds the preset contact time limit, deflate the unit airbag column and issue an alarm.

[0103] Step 115: Determine whether the upper body tilt angle reaches or exceeds the preset upper body tilt angle change limit. If the upper body tilt angle reaches or exceeds the preset upper body tilt angle change limit, an alarm is triggered and the surgical upper body position is recorded. Determine whether the lower body tilt angle reaches or exceeds the preset lower body tilt angle change limit. If the lower body tilt angle reaches or exceeds the preset lower body tilt angle change limit, an alarm is triggered and the surgical lower body position is recorded. When air is supplied to the process requiring adjustment, in addition to changing the pressure at the location, it can also slightly change the contact temperature and humidity at the location. By supplying air to the airbag, the contact area between the skin and the mattress is reduced, thereby lowering the contact temperature and humidity.

[0104] Furthermore, in step 113, the formula for calculating the pressure change is as follows:

[0105] ΔF(i)=αΔλ F

[0106] Where ΔF(i) is the pressure change, i is the i-th fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor 53, α is the sensitivity of the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor 53, and Δλ F This is the difference between the real-time pressure light wavelength and the initial pressure light wavelength.

[0107] In this embodiment, the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor 53 has a sensitivity of 10 pm / kPa. Initially, the pressure at a certain location in the area where the patient is in contact with the smart mattress 1 is 4 kPa. After a period of time, the fiber Bragg grating demodulator 2 measures a change in light wavelength of +10 pm, indicating that the pressure at that location is (4+1) kPa. If the fiber Bragg grating demodulator 2 measures a change in light wavelength of +80 pm, the pressure at that location is 12 kPa. If this pressure persists for too long, it can easily lead to pressure sores.

[0108] The formula for calculating the change in the upper body tilt angle is as follows:

[0109]

[0110] Where Δθ1 is the change in the upper body tilt angle. Δλ1 represents the sensitivity of the first fiber optic tilt angle sensor 21, and Δλ1 represents the difference between the real-time upper body tilt angle light wavelength and the initial upper body tilt angle.

[0111] The formula for calculating the change in the lower body tilt angle is as follows:

[0112]

[0113] Where Δθ2 is the change in the lower body tilt angle. Δλ2 represents the sensitivity of the second fiber optic tilt angle sensor 22, and Δλ2 is the difference between the real-time lower body tilt angle light wavelength and the initial lower body tilt angle.

[0114] In this embodiment, the sensitivity of the first fiber Bragg grating tilt angle sensor 21 and the sensitivity of the second fiber Bragg grating tilt angle sensor 22 are both 10 pm / deg. Initially, the fiber Bragg grating demodulator 2 measures the tilt angle between the upper and lower body positions and the mattress as 0 degrees. If the fiber Bragg grating demodulator 2 measures a wavelength change of 450 pm related to the tilt angle of the upper body position, then the tilt angle θ1 of the upper body position is 45 degrees. If the fiber Bragg grating demodulator 2 measures a wavelength change of 100 pm related to the tilt angle of the lower body position, then the tilt angle θ2 of the lower body position is 10 degrees.

[0115] Furthermore, the monitoring methods also include: measuring the patient's weight and monitoring the contact temperature and humidity between the patient and the smart mattress 1.

[0116] The measurement of the patient's weight specifically includes:

[0117] Obtain the first internal pressure of the first airbag column 102 in the smart mattress 1 when it is inflated.

[0118] Obtain the relationship curve between the second internal pressure of the first airbag column 102 and the deflation duration during the deflation process; the relationship curve is as follows: Figure 12 As shown.

[0119] The pressure change life is calculated by curve fitting based on the first internal pressure and the relationship curve.

[0120] The formula for calculating pressure change life is as follows:

[0121] P(t)=P0×exp(-t / τ)

[0122] Where P(t) is the second internal pressure, P0 is the first internal pressure, exp is an exponential function with a base of constant e, t is the duration of venting, and τ is the pressure change lifetime.

[0123] The patient's real-time weight is calculated based on lifespan changes caused by pressure.

[0124] The formula for calculating real-time weight is as follows:

[0125] BW(t) = ζ0 + ζ1 × τ

[0126] Where BW(t) is the real-time body weight, ζ0 and ζ1 are correction coefficients related to the material and size of the smart mattress 1, and τ is the pressure change lifespan.

[0127] In this embodiment, the fiber Bragg grating gas pressure sensor 41 has a sensitivity of 50 pm / kPa. Initially, a person lies on the smart mattress 1, at which point the first airbag column 102 is inflated, achieving a first support state; the fiber Bragg grating gas pressure sensor measures the first internal pressure of the first airbag column 102. The deflation valve of the deflation pipe 43 of the first airbag column 102 is manually opened, such as... Figure 12 As shown, during the venting process, the computer 3 measures the relationship curve between the second internal pressure measured when the venting valve is manually opened and closed and the venting duration through the fiber optic grating gas pressure sensor 41. Figure 12 The horizontal axis of the relationship curve represents the duration of venting, and the vertical axis represents the second internal pressure.

[0128] Monitoring the contact temperature and humidity between the patient and the smart mattress 1 specifically includes:

[0129] The initial temperature and initial humidity information collected between the patient and the smart mattress 1 are demodulated to obtain the initial temperature light wavelength and the initial humidity light wavelength.

[0130] The real-time temperature and humidity information collected between the patient and the smart mattress 1 are demodulated to obtain the real-time temperature light wavelength and the real-time humidity light wavelength.

[0131] By comparing the wavelengths of real-time temperature light waves with those of initial temperature light waves, and by comparing the wavelengths of real-time humidity light waves with those of initial humidity light waves, the changes in temperature and humidity can be obtained.

[0132] Determine whether the temperature change and humidity change reach or exceed the preset temperature change limit and humidity change limit, respectively.

[0133] If so, issue an alert.

[0134] The formula for calculating temperature change is as follows:

[0135] ΔT(j)=βΔλ T

[0136] Where ΔT(j) is the temperature change, j is the j-th fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 54, β is the sensitivity of the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 54, and Δλ T This represents the difference between the wavelength of the light wave at real-time temperature and the wavelength of the light wave at initial temperature.

[0137] In this embodiment, the sensitivity of the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 54 is 10 pm / ℃. Initially, the temperature at the location measured by the fiber Bragg grating demodulator 2 is 22℃. If the fiber Bragg grating demodulator 2 measures a temperature-related change in light wavelength of -30 pm, then the temperature at that location is 19℃, indicating the presence of liquid or similar substances at that location. Alternatively, if the fiber Bragg grating demodulator 2 measures a temperature-related change in light wavelength of +100 pm, then the temperature at that location is 32℃, indicating the presence of liquid or similar substances at that location.

[0138] The formula for calculating humidity change is as follows:

[0139] ΔH(k)=γΔλ H

[0140] Where ΔH(k) is the humidity change, k is the k-th fiber Bragg grating humidity sensor 55, γ is the sensitivity of the fiber Bragg grating humidity sensor 55, and Δλ H This is the difference between the wavelength of the real-time humidity light wave and the wavelength of the initial humidity light wave.

[0141] In this embodiment, the sensitivity of the fiber Bragg grating humidity sensor 55 is 5 pm / %RH. Initially, the fiber Bragg grating demodulator 2 measures the humidity at the location to be 55%RH. If the fiber Bragg grating demodulator 2 measures a humidity-related change in light wavelength of +100 pm, then the temperature at that location is 75%RH, indicating that there may be liquid or other substances at that location.

[0142] As a specific embodiment, the information displayed on the computer 3 includes: Body Mass Index BMI = BW(t) / height 2 , the maximum weight change ΔBW = BW(t) - initial weight. The inclination angles of the upper body and the lower body on the bed. The skin pressure state is "good" or "bad". "Good" means the pressure F(i, t) < FTH (such as 6 kPa), the temperature change T(i, t) < T0 (such as 3 °C), and the humidity change H(i, t) < H0 (such as 3% RH), otherwise it is "bad". t is the time in all cases, and observation or intervention should be noted.

[0143] The intelligent mattress, monitoring system and monitoring method based on fiber Bragg grating sensing technology provided by the present invention adopt a single fiber Bragg grating sensing technology platform to monitor data on one fiber. The present invention can reduce the pressure, temperature and humidity on the skin in the contact area between the intelligent mattress and the human body, improve the comfort of the human body, and reduce the incidence rate of pressure ulcers and accident rate. The mattress support structure in the intelligent mattress can collect the inclination angles of the upper body and the lower body of the patient, so as to memorize and mark the surgical position, and prevent surgical accidents such as falling off the bed and electric burns caused by abnormal displacement of the patient during the operation. The first airbag column is used to collect the weight of the patient, and the bed cover is used to collect the pressure, contact temperature and contact humidity on the skin in the contact area between the patient and the mattress. The monitoring data of the present invention is diverse, solving the problem of single monitoring data. The second airbag column can inflate or deflate according to the monitoring result of the bed cover, and the dynamic adjustment can effectively avoid the patient from getting pressure ulcers.

[0144] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner. The highlights of each embodiment are the differences from other embodiments. For the same or similar parts between the embodiments, reference can be made to each other.

[0145] Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principles and implementation manners of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the device, system and method of the present invention and its core idea; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, based on the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manners and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart mattress based on fiber Bragg grating sensing technology, characterized in that, The mattress includes, from bottom to top, a mattress support structure, a first airbag column, a second airbag column, and a mattress cover; The mattress support structure includes: a first fiber optic tilt angle sensor for acquiring the patient's upper body tilt angle; and a second fiber optic tilt angle sensor for acquiring the patient's lower body tilt angle. The upper body tilt angle is used to determine whether it reaches or exceeds a preset upper body tilt angle change limit. When the upper body tilt angle reaches or exceeds the preset upper body tilt angle change limit, an alarm is triggered and the surgical upper body position is recorded. The lower body tilt angle is used to determine whether it reaches or exceeds a preset lower body tilt angle change limit. When the lower body tilt angle reaches or exceeds the preset lower body tilt angle change limit, an alarm is triggered and the surgical lower body position is recorded. The first airbag column is used to collect the patient's weight; The patient's weight collected includes: Obtain the first internal pressure of the first airbag column in the smart mattress when it is inflated; Obtain the curve showing the relationship between the second internal pressure of the first airbag column and the duration of deflation during the deflation process; The pressure change life is calculated by curve fitting based on the first internal pressure and the relationship curve. The formula for calculating pressure change life is as follows: P(t)=P0×exp(-t / τ) Where P(t) is the second internal pressure, P0 is the first internal pressure, exp is an exponential function with a constant e as the base, t is the duration of venting, and τ is the pressure change lifetime. Calculate the patient's real-time weight based on lifespan changes due to pressure variations; The formula for calculating real-time weight is as follows: BW(t) = ζ0 + ζ1 × τ Wherein, BW(t) is the real-time weight, ζ0 and ζ1 are correction coefficients related to the material and size of the smart mattress 1, and τ is the pressure change lifespan; The bed cover is used to collect data on the pressure, temperature, and humidity of the patient's skin in contact with the mattress. The second airbag column is used to inflate or deflate the bed cover based on the collected data. The second airbag column is provided with multiple unit airbag columns, air supply nozzle docking platforms and air extraction nozzle docking platforms; each unit airbag column is connected to the air supply nozzle docking platform and the air extraction nozzle docking platform; The bed cover includes multiple sets of sensing units connected in series; the sensing unit includes a fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor, a fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor, and a fiber Bragg grating humidity sensor connected in series; the sensing unit is located directly above the unit airbag column.

2. The smart mattress based on fiber Bragg grating sensing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first airbag column includes a fiber optic grating gas pressure sensor, and a manually operated venting valve is provided on the venting pipe of the first airbag column.

3. A monitoring system, characterized in that, The monitoring system is applied to the smart mattress based on fiber optic grating sensing technology as described in any one of claims 1-2, and the monitoring system comprises: A smart mattress based on fiber optic grating sensing technology is used to monitor the patient's physical condition data, including: upper body tilt angle, lower body tilt angle, patient's weight, pressure on the patient's skin in contact with the mattress, contact temperature, and contact humidity. A fiber optic grating demodulator, connected to the smart mattress, is used to demodulate the light wavelength corresponding to the body state data in real time. A computer, connected to the fiber optic demodulator, is used to determine the change in the body state data based on the change in the wavelength of the received light wave, and to generate control signals and issue alarms based on the change in the body state data. An air extraction and supply system is connected to the smart mattress and the computer, respectively, and is used to extract or supply air to the smart mattress according to the control signals generated by the computer.

4. The monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gas extraction and supply system includes: a gas extraction unit, a gas supply unit, and a control unit; the control unit is connected to the gas extraction unit and the gas supply unit respectively; the gas extraction unit includes: a gas extraction pump, a gas extraction pipeline, and a gas extraction valve; the gas supply unit includes: a gas supply pump, a gas supply pipeline, and a gas supply valve. One end of the air pump is connected to the control unit, and the other end of the air pump is connected to one end of each of the plurality of air extraction pipes; the other end of each air extraction pipe is connected to the air extraction nozzle docking platform of each unit airbag column in the second airbag column of the smart mattress; each air extraction pipe is provided with an air extraction valve. One end of the air supply pump is connected to the control unit, and the other end of the air supply pump is connected to one end of each of the plurality of air supply pipes; the other end of one of the air supply pipes is connected to the air inlet pipe of the first airbag column, and the other ends of the remaining air supply pipes are connected to each unit airbag column through the air supply nozzle docking platform; each air supply pipe is provided with an air supply valve.

5. A monitoring method, characterized in that, The monitoring method is applied to the monitoring system according to any one of claims 3-4, and the monitoring method includes: The initial data information collected between the patient and the smart mattress is demodulated to obtain the initial light wavelength; the initial data information includes initial pressure information, initial upper body tilt angle information, and initial lower body tilt angle information; the initial light wavelength includes the initial pressure light wavelength, the initial upper body tilt angle light wavelength, and the initial lower body tilt angle light wavelength. The real-time data information collected between the patient and the smart mattress is demodulated to obtain the real-time light wavelength; the real-time data information includes real-time pressure information, real-time upper body tilt angle information, and real-time lower body tilt angle information; the real-time light wavelength includes real-time pressure light wavelength, real-time upper body tilt angle light wavelength, and real-time lower body tilt angle light wavelength. The change in body state data is obtained by comparing the real-time light wavelength with the initial light wavelength; the change in body state data includes the change in pressure, the change in upper body tilt angle, and the change in lower body tilt angle. Determine whether the pressure change reaches or exceeds a preset pressure change limit to obtain a first determination result; determine whether the contact time between the patient and the unit airbag column in contact with the smart mattress reaches or exceeds a preset contact time limit to obtain a second determination result; based on the first determination result and the second determination result, alternately pump air from and supply air to the unit airbag column in contact with the patient and issue an alarm. The system determines whether the upper body tilt angle reaches or exceeds a preset upper body tilt angle change limit. If the upper body tilt angle reaches or exceeds the preset upper body tilt angle change limit, an alarm is triggered and the surgical upper body position is recorded. The system also determines whether the lower body tilt angle reaches or exceeds a preset lower body tilt angle change limit. If the lower body tilt angle reaches or exceeds the preset lower body tilt angle change limit, an alarm is triggered and the surgical lower body position is recorded. Measuring the patient's weight, specifically including: Obtain the first internal pressure of the first airbag column in the smart mattress when it is inflated; Obtain the curve showing the relationship between the second internal pressure of the first airbag column and the duration of deflation during the deflation process; The pressure change life is calculated by curve fitting based on the first internal pressure and the relationship curve. The formula for calculating pressure change life is as follows: P(t)=P0×exp(-t / τ) Where P(t) is the second internal pressure, P0 is the first internal pressure, exp is an exponential function with a constant e as the base, t is the duration of venting, and τ is the pressure change lifetime. Calculate the patient's real-time weight based on lifespan changes due to pressure variations; The formula for calculating real-time weight is as follows: BW(t) = ζ0 + ζ1 × τ Where BW(t) is the real-time body weight, ζ0 and ζ1 are correction coefficients related to the material and size of the smart mattress 1, and τ is the pressure change lifespan.

6. The monitoring method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the pressure change is as follows: ΔF(i)=αΔλ F Where ΔF(i) is the pressure change, i is the number of fiber Bragg grating pressure sensors, α is the sensitivity of the fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor, and Δλ F The difference between the real-time pressure light wavelength and the initial pressure light wavelength; The formula for calculating the change in the upper body tilt angle is as follows: Δθ1=φ 1 Dl1 Where Δθ1 is the change in the upper body tilt angle, φ 1 The sensitivity of the first fiber optic grating tilt angle sensor is given by Δλ1, which is the difference between the wavelength of the light wave at the real-time upper body tilt angle and the initial upper body tilt angle. The formula for calculating the change in the lower body tilt angle is as follows: Δθ2=φ 2 Dl2 Where Δθ2 is the change in the lower body tilt angle, φ 2 Δλ2 represents the sensitivity of the second fiber optic grating tilt angle sensor, and Δλ2 is the difference between the wavelength of the light wave at the real-time lower body tilt angle and the initial lower body tilt angle.

7. The monitoring method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The monitoring method also includes: monitoring the contact temperature and humidity between the patient and the smart mattress; The monitoring of the contact temperature and humidity between the patient and the smart mattress specifically includes: The initial temperature and initial humidity information collected between the patient and the smart mattress are demodulated to obtain the initial temperature light wavelength and the initial humidity light wavelength. The real-time temperature and humidity information collected between the patient and the smart mattress are demodulated to obtain the real-time temperature light wavelength and the real-time humidity light wavelength. The wavelengths of the real-time temperature light wave and the initial temperature light wave are compared, and the wavelengths of the real-time humidity light wave and the initial humidity light wave are compared to obtain the temperature change and humidity change. Determine whether the temperature change and humidity change reach or exceed the preset temperature change limit and humidity change limit, respectively. If so, issue an alert; The formula for calculating the temperature change is as follows: ΔT(j)=βΔλ T Where ΔT(j) is the temperature change, j is the j-th fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor, β is the sensitivity of the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor, and Δλ T The difference between the wavelength of the real-time temperature light wave and the wavelength of the initial temperature light wave; The formula for calculating the humidity change is as follows: ΔH(k)=γΔλ H Where ΔH(k) is the humidity change, k is the kth fiber Bragg grating humidity sensor, γ is the sensitivity of the fiber Bragg grating humidity sensor, and Δλ H It is the difference between the wavelength of the real-time humidity light wave and the wavelength of the initial humidity light wave.

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