A heat storage material and a heat storage module structure thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a heat storage material, and the heat storage material is a thermochemical adsorption heat storage material taking a crystalline hydrate as a main material, and the heat storage material is prepared by mixing hydrate potassium carbonate, expanded graphite and OP-10. The application further discloses a heat storage module structure, and the heat storage module is located in a heat storage hot water layer, and the heat storage module is formed by encapsulating the heat storage material as described above. The application can assist in converting solar energy into hot water heat for users to utilize, and has better heat shielding effect and solar light heat utilization efficiency.

Description

[0001] The present application is a divisional application of the patent application No. 202210230714.6, filed on March 10, 2022, for "A heat storage energy-saving tile". TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of solar energy utilization, in particular to a heat storage material and a heat storage module structure thereof. BACKGROUND

[0003] As the "fifth facade" of buildings, the area of building roofs increases with the growth of building area along with the continuous development of urbanization. The area of building roofs accounts for about 25% of the total area of cities, and the roof is the most direct part of the building that receives the strongest solar radiation. Fully utilizing the building roof resources and properly applying various energy-saving technologies can reduce urban energy consumption to a certain extent.

[0004] As for new energy-saving roofs, there are currently green roofs, water storage roofs, ventilated roofs, and high-reflective roofs. These are aimed at the entire roof system. Current energy-saving tiles have high-reflective heat-insulating paint on the outer surface, hollow structures, and other energy-saving measures such as water storage and evaporation. Some also have water interlayers in the tiles, which utilize solar hot water. For example, CN201220248178.4 discloses a solar hot water pipe combined with a roof tile, and CN201010147016.7 discloses a solar hot water tile, which can provide hot water for household use. However, these technologies simply have water interlayers in the tiles, which directly exchange heat with sunlight and water interlayers. Therefore, in areas with strong sunlight, a large amount of heat will still be radiated through the tiles to the interior of the house during the day, increasing the energy consumption of air conditioning and reducing the heat shielding effect. At the same time, the heat storage performance of conventional water storage tiles is poor, and the water temperature is not enough during the night when household water consumption is high. Therefore, the overall solar heat utilization efficiency is low. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The energy-saving heat storage tile comprises a tile body, the tile body is arc-shaped in the width direction and rectangular in the horizontal plane projection direction, and the tile body is provided with a hot water cavity; characterized in that the tile body is sequentially provided with a support structure layer, a thermal insulation material layer, a heat storage hot water layer and a surface layer from bottom to top in the thickness direction, and the hot water cavity is located in the heat storage hot water layer.

[0008] In this way, the support structure layer provides the strength basis of the tile, the heat storage hot water layer is used for storing hot water and exchanging heat with sunlight, and the thermal insulation material layer can effectively block the downward heat transfer to the house, so that better heat shielding effect can be achieved.

[0009] Further, the surface layer comprises a waterproof material layer.

[0010] In this way, water can be better prevented.

[0011] Further, the surface layer further comprises a heat-absorbing material coating layer on the waterproof material layer.

[0012] In this way, the solar energy can be better absorbed and utilized.

[0013] Further, the support structure layer is made of metal material.

[0014] In this way, the support strength can be better improved.

[0015] Further, the thermal insulation material layer is made of ceramic fiber paper material. The heat insulation effect is better.

[0016] Further, the tile body is provided with a clamping joint on the two side edges in the width direction.

[0017] In this way, the clamping joint can be used for connecting with a tile connecting member, and the tile connecting member is used for forming the position structure of the groove part between adjacent tiles of the roof. The overall connection and shaping of the roof structure are facilitated. In specific implementation, the connection position can be waterproofed, for example, by brushing waterproof glue or laying waterproof coiled material.

[0018] Further, the upper surface of one end of the tile in the length direction is formed with a lap joint groove, and the upper edge of the other end is integrally extended outward to form a lap joint protrusion, and the lap joint protrusion can cooperate with the lap joint groove to form a lap joint.

[0019] In this way, the tiles can be conveniently installed and laid one by one along the length direction.

[0020] Further, the end face of one end of the tile in the length direction is provided with a water pipe joint connected with the hot water cavity, and the end face of the other end is provided with a water pipe interface connected with the hot water cavity, and the water pipe joint can be inserted and matched with the water pipe interface.

[0021] In this way, the convenient tiles are installed and laid one by one along the length direction, and the overall communication of the hot water cavity is completed during the installation process. During the installation, the sealing ring or the sealing glue can be used to seal and fix the water pipe joint.

[0022] Further, the heat storage material is packaged to form a heat storage module in the heat storage hot water layer.

[0023] In this way, the heat storage material can store heat during the day when the sun is strong and release heat at night, continuously providing heat to the water in the hot water cavity, and improving the utilization efficiency of solar heat. The heat storage material can be a phase change heat storage material or a thermal chemical adsorption heat storage material.

[0024] Further, in the heat storage hot water layer, the hot water cavity is located at the middle position of the tile body, and at least one heat storage module is arranged on the upper side of each end of the tile body in the width direction. The space in the inner side of the heat storage module and the space in the periphery of the hot water cavity are communicated and packaged with a phase change fluid material to form a heat pipe structure. The space in the inner side of the heat storage module constitutes an evaporation section of the heat pipe, and the space in the periphery of the hot water cavity constitutes a condensation section of the heat pipe.

[0025] In this way, at night, the heat storage material in the heat storage module releases heat, so that the phase change fluid material in the evaporation section is heated and evaporated into a gaseous state and rises into the condensation section to condense and release heat, continuously providing heat to the hot water cavity. The phase change fluid material flows back to the evaporation section after condensation in the condensation section, and circulates repeatedly, better utilizing the heat accumulated in the heat storage module at night to provide hot water for users.

[0026] Further, the edge wall in the evaporation section and the condensation section of the heat pipe structure is provided with a wick.

[0027] In this way, it is beneficial for the phase change fluid material to flow back.

[0028] Further, the outer side of each heat storage module is in a planar shape, and a plurality of outwardly protruding bosses are arranged on the inner side. The heat storage material is located in the bosses, and the adjacent space outside the bosses forms the evaporation section of the heat pipe.

[0029] In this way, the heat exchange area can be better increased, and the heat exchange efficiency between the heat storage module and the evaporation section can be more improved.

[0030] Further, the heat storage material is a thermal chemical adsorption heat storage material mainly composed of crystal hydrate.

[0031] In this way, the thermal chemical adsorption heat storage material of the crystal hydrate type relies on the thermal chemical change of the gain and loss of crystal water to store and release heat. The heat absorption and release capacity is usually greater than that of the phase change heat storage material, which can better store and release heat and improve the heat utilization efficiency. At the same time, the reaction process is mild, easy to control, and stable.

[0032] Further, the heat storage material is prepared by mixing 95 parts or so of hydrated potassium carbonate and 5 parts or so of expanded graphite, and 4 parts or so of OP-10 (dodecyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether).

[0033] In this way, the main material hydrated potassium carbonate releases and absorbs heat by gaining and losing crystal water, and has good stability and high heat storage efficiency. The expanded graphite as an auxiliary material can utilize its porous characteristics, not only as a main material framework to maintain the stability of the material structure, but also as a mass transfer channel for water molecules, so that the main material can more uniformly and efficiently undergo hydration reaction and avoid local excess water combined with potassium carbonate to produce deliquescence. A small amount of OP-10 can generate a hydrophilic film on the surface of expanded graphite, which can better maintain the stability of the material structure, and facilitate the hydration reaction and avoid deliquescence by utilizing its hydrophilic properties.

[0034] Further, during the preparation of the heat storage material, the expanded graphite and the potassium carbonate solution are first mixed and stirred uniformly, then the OP-10 solution treated by dilution with ethanol is added and stirred uniformly, and then excess ethanol and water are evaporated by heating and then pressed into a block-shaped heat storage material.

[0035] In this way, the expanded graphite and the potassium carbonate solution are first mixed, which is beneficial to the uniform entry of part of the potassium carbonate into the pores of the expanded graphite, and then the OP-10 solution is added to generate a hydrophilic film on the surface of the expanded graphite, which encapsulates part of the potassium carbonate in the pores. The OP-10 solution is treated by dilution with ethanol, and the hydroxyl groups in ethanol and the ether bonds in octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, as well as the hydrogen bonds between ethanol molecules and water molecules, can form a composite hydrophilic group. This hydrophilic group has the ability to gain and lose water molecules within the heat storage composite material's absorption and release heat working temperature range, and the hydrophilic group has a lower water binding capacity than the water binding capacity of potassium carbonate in the hydration process. Therefore, the hydrophilic film generated on the surface of the expanded graphite can better act as a mass transfer channel for water molecules to enter, and can also avoid excessive water vapor entering the pores of the expanded graphite during the hydration reaction. At the same time, during the heat storage material's heat absorption and dehydration process, it will not affect the normal dehydration and heat storage of the material when heated. Therefore, during the application of the material, when the hydration reaction needs to be promoted to release heat, the water vapor pressure can be increased to make the water molecules enter the material faster and improve the heat release rate, without worrying about the problem of potassium carbonate deliquescence and hardening caused by excessive water vapor pressure.

[0036] Further, a water-permeable diaphragm is arranged in each boss in the heat storage module, which encapsulates the heat storage material inside the boss at the inner end (far from the evaporation section end), and forms a steam containing cavity at the outer end of the boss. The outer top surface of the boss is made of elastic material.

[0037] In this way, the heat storage module absorbs heat under the sunlight during the day, the crystalline hydrate loses the crystalline water, and the water molecules overflow from the heat storage material and enter the steam containing cavity after being heated, the high temperature makes the elastic material on the outer top surface of the boss soft, the boss is bulged outward, the steam containing cavity space is increased to better accommodate the water vapor and heat transfer inward. At night, the temperature decreases, the steam containing cavity space shrinks, and the pressure increases, so that the water vapor can better re-enter the heat storage material to generate hydration reaction and release heat for the evaporation section of the heat pipe structure to absorb. Therefore, the structure is designed for the heat chemical adsorption heat storage material mainly composed of crystalline hydrate, which can better improve the heat absorption and release efficiency and the internal heat transfer efficiency, and improve the solar energy utilization efficiency.

[0038] Further, the elastic material on the outer top surface of the boss is designed in a wave shape.

[0039] In this way, the elastic function is better exerted.

[0040] In summary, the application can convert solar energy into hot water heat for users to use, and has better heat shielding effect and solar heat utilization efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 It is a sectional view of the heat storage and energy saving tile in the width direction.

[0042] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of the heat storage and energy saving tile in the width direction. Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of a single heat storage hot water layer.

[0043] Figure 3 It is a sectional view of the heat storage and energy saving tile in the width direction. Figure 2 It is a planar arrangement schematic view of the boss of the heat storage module.

[0044] Figure 4 It is a sectional view of the heat storage and energy saving tile in the width direction. Figure 2 It is a structural schematic view of a single boss.

[0045] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic view of a plurality of heat storage and energy saving tiles after splicing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0047] Embodiment: refer to Figures 1-5 A heat storage and energy saving tile, comprising a tile body, the tile body is arc-shaped in the width direction and rectangular in the horizontal plane projection direction, and the tile body has a hot water cavity 1 therein, wherein the tile body is sequentially provided with a support structure layer 2, a heat preservation material layer 3, a heat storage hot water layer 4 and a surface layer from bottom to top in the thickness direction, and the hot water cavity 1 is located in the heat storage hot water layer.

[0048] In this way, the support structure layer provides the tile strength basis, the hot water storage layer is used for storing hot water and exchanging heat with sunlight, and the thermal insulation material layer is used for effectively blocking heat downward transmission to the house, so that better heat shielding effect can be achieved.

[0049] The surface layer comprises a waterproof material layer 5.

[0050] In this way, water can be better prevented.

[0051] The surface layer further comprises a heat-absorbing material coating 6 on the waterproof material layer 5.

[0052] In this way, solar energy can be better absorbed and utilized.

[0053] The support structure layer 2 is made of metal material.

[0054] In this way, the support strength can be better improved.

[0055] The thermal insulation material layer 3 is made of ceramic fiber paper material, and has better thermal insulation effect.

[0056] The two side edges of the tile body in the width direction are provided with clamping joints 7.

[0057] In this way, the clamping joints can be used for connecting with the tile connecting member 10, and the tile connecting member 10 is used for forming the structure of the groove part position between adjacent tiles of the roof. The overall connection and shaping of the roof structure is facilitated. In specific implementation, the connection position can be waterproofed, for example, waterproof glue is brushed or waterproof coiled material is laid.

[0058] The upper surface of one end of the tile in the length direction is formed with a lap joint groove 8, and the upper edge of the other end is integrally extended outward to form a lap joint protrusion, and the lap joint protrusion can cooperate with the lap joint groove 8 to form a lap joint.

[0059] In this way, the tiles can be conveniently installed and laid one by one along the length direction.

[0060] The end surface of one end of the tile in the length direction has a water pipe joint connected with the hot water cavity, and the end surface of the other end has a water pipe interface 9 connected with the hot water cavity, and the water pipe joint can be inserted and matched with the water pipe interface.

[0061] In this way, the overall communication of the hot water cavity can be completed during the process of installing and laying the tiles one by one along the length direction. In specific installation, the sealing of the water pipe joint can be fixed by means of a sealing ring or brushing of sealing glue.

[0062] The hot water storage layer further comprises a heat storage module 11 formed by packaging heat storage material.

[0063] In this way, the heat storage material can store heat during the day when the sun is strong and release heat at night, continuously supplying heat to the water in the hot water cavity, and improving the utilization efficiency of solar heat. The heat storage material can be a phase change heat storage material or a heat chemical adsorption heat storage material.

[0064] In the heat storage hot water layer, the hot water cavity 1 is located in the middle of the tile body, and at least the upper side of the two ends of the tile body in the width direction is provided with a heat storage module 11. The space in the inner side of the heat storage module and the space in the periphery of the hot water cavity are communicated and encapsulate the phase change fluid material to form a heat pipe structure. The space in the inner side of the heat storage module constitutes an evaporation section 12 of the heat pipe, and the space in the periphery of the hot water cavity constitutes a condensation section 13 of the heat pipe.

[0065] In this way, at night, the heat storage material in the heat storage module releases heat, so that the phase change fluid material in the evaporation section is heated to evaporate, become gaseous and rise into the condensation section to condense and release heat, continuously providing heat for the hot water cavity. The phase change fluid material flows back to the evaporation section after condensation in the condensation section, and circulates repeatedly, better utilizing the heat stored in the heat storage module at night to provide hot water for users.

[0066] In implementation, the outer side of the evaporation section is also provided with a layer of heat preservation material. In this way, during the day when the sunlight is long, the heat preservation material will not excessively affect the heating of the hot water cavity. After the temperature decreases at night, the heat preservation material can effectively prevent heat exchange between the inside and outside of the tile, and better insulate the hot water cavity.

[0067] In the heat pipe structure, the side walls in the evaporation section 12 and the condensation section 13 are both provided with wicks.

[0068] In this way, it is beneficial for the phase change fluid material to flow back.

[0069] In this way, it is beneficial for the phase change fluid material to flow back.

[0070] In this way, the heat exchange area can be better increased, and it is more beneficial to improve the heat exchange efficiency between the heat storage module and the evaporation section.

[0071] In this way, the heat chemical adsorption heat storage material of the crystalline hydrate mainly uses crystalline hydrate as the main material.

[0072] In this way, the heat chemical adsorption heat storage material of the crystalline hydrate stores and releases heat by the heat chemical change of gaining and losing crystalline water. The heat absorption and release capacity is usually greater than that of the phase change heat storage material, which can better store and release heat and improve the heat utilization efficiency. At the same time, the reaction process is mild, easy to control, and stable.

[0073] The heat storage material is prepared by mixing 95 parts of hydrated potassium carbonate and 5 parts of expanded graphite, and 4 parts of OP-10 (dodecyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether) by mass ratio.

[0074] The main material hydrated potassium carbonate releases and absorbs heat by gaining and losing crystal water, has good stability and high heat storage efficiency. The auxiliary material expanded graphite can utilize its porous characteristics, not only as the main material framework to maintain the stability of the material structure, but also as a mass transfer channel for water molecules, so that the main material can more uniformly and efficiently undergo hydration reaction and avoid local excess potassium carbonate from combining with water to produce deliquescence. A small amount of OP-10 can generate a hydrophilic film on the surface of expanded graphite, which can better maintain the stability of the material structure, facilitate the hydration reaction and avoid deliquescence.

[0075] In the preparation of the heat storage material, the expanded graphite and the potassium carbonate solution are first mixed and stirred uniformly, then the OP-10 solution treated by dilution with ethanol is added and stirred uniformly, and then excess ethanol and water are evaporated by heating and then pressed into a block-shaped heat storage material.

[0076] In this way, the expanded graphite and the potassium carbonate solution are first mixed, which is beneficial to the uniform entry of part of the potassium carbonate into the pores of the expanded graphite, and then the OP-10 solution is added to generate a hydrophilic film on the surface of the expanded graphite, which encapsulates part of the potassium carbonate in the pores. The OP-10 solution is treated by dilution with ethanol, and the hydroxyl groups in ethanol and the ether bonds in octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, as well as the hydrogen bonds between ethanol molecules and water molecules, can form a composite hydrophilic group that has the ability to gain and lose water molecules within the heat storage composite material's absorption and release heat working temperature range. The hydrophilic group has a water binding capacity lower than that of potassium carbonate in the hydration process, so that the hydrophilic film generated on the surface of the expanded graphite can better act as a mass transfer channel for water molecules to enter during the hydration reaction, and also avoid excessive water vapor entering the pores of the expanded graphite during the hydration reaction. At the same time, during the heat storage material's heat absorption and dehydration process, it will not affect the normal dehydration and heat storage of the material when heated. Therefore, during the application of the material, when the hydration reaction needs to be promoted to release heat, the water vapor pressure can be increased to make the water molecules enter the material faster and improve the heat release rate, without worrying about the problem of potassium carbonate deliquescence and hardening caused by excessive water vapor pressure.

[0077] In the heat storage module, each boss 15 is also provided with a water-permeable diaphragm 16, which encapsulates the heat storage material inside the boss at the inner end (far from the evaporation section end), and forms a steam containing cavity 17 at the outer end of the boss. The outer top surface of the boss is made of elastic material.

[0078] In this way, the heat storage module absorbs heat under the sunlight during the day, the crystalline hydrate loses the crystal water, and the water molecules overflow from the heat storage material and enter the steam containing cavity after being heated. The high temperature makes the elastic material on the outer top surface of the convex soft, the convex outside bulges outward, and the steam containing cavity space increases to better accommodate the water vapor and transfer heat inward. At night, the temperature decreases, the steam containing cavity space shrinks, and the pressure increases, so that the water vapor can better re-enter the heat storage material to generate hydration reaction and release heat for the evaporation section of the heat pipe structure to absorb. Therefore, the structure is designed for the heat chemical adsorption heat storage material mainly composed of crystalline hydrate, which can better cooperate to improve the heat absorption and release efficiency and the internal heat transfer efficiency, and improve the solar energy utilization efficiency.

[0079] The elastic material on the outer top surface of the convex is designed in a wave shape.

[0080] In this way, the elastic effect is better exerted.

Claims

1. A heat storage module structure, wherein the heat storage module is arranged in a heat storage hot water layer of a tile body, and a hot water cavity is arranged in the heat storage hot water layer; characterized in that: The heat storage module is formed by a heat storage material package; the heat storage material is a thermo-chemical adsorption heat storage material mainly composed of crystalline hydrate, and the heat storage material is prepared by mixing hydrate potassium carbonate and expanded graphite, and OP-10; In the heat storage hot water layer, the hot water cavity is located in the middle of the tile body, and at least the upper side of the two ends of the tile body in the width direction is provided with a heat storage module, the space area of the inner side periphery of the heat storage module and the space area of the periphery of the hot water cavity are communicated and encapsulate the phase change fluid material to form a heat pipe structure, the space area of the inner side periphery of the heat storage module constitutes the evaporation section of the heat pipe, and the space area of the periphery of the hot water cavity constitutes the condensation section of the heat pipe; The outer side of each heat storage module is in a planar shape, and a plurality of outwardly convex bosses are arranged on the inner side, the heat storage material is located in the bosses, and the adjacent space outside the bosses forms the evaporation section of the heat pipe; The water-permeable diaphragm is further arranged in each boss in the heat storage module, the water-permeable diaphragm encapsulates the heat storage material in the inner end of the boss, and the outer end of the boss forms a steam containing cavity, and the outer top surface of the boss is made of an elastic material.

2. The heat storage module structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw material proportion of the heat storage material is that 95 parts of hydrate potassium carbonate and 5 parts of expanded graphite, and 4 parts of OP-10 are mixed.

3. The heat storage module structure according to claim 1, characterized by: During preparation of the heat storage material, the expanded graphite and the potassium carbonate solution are mixed and stirred uniformly, the OP-10 solution treated by dilution with ethanol is added and mixed and stirred uniformly, and then the excess ethanol and water are evaporated by heating, and the heat storage material is pressed into a block shape.

4. The heat storage module structure according to claim 1, characterized by: The elastic material of the outer top surface of the boss is designed in a wave shape.

Images