Transmission and method for monitoring the state of its transmission structure

Abstract

A transmission device includes a transmission structure and a circuit board, the circuit board is arranged on the input end of the transmission structure, and the circuit board is integrated with a sensing element and a data processing element to perform signal measurement.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a monitoring mechanism, in particular to a state monitoring method of a transmission device and a transmission structure thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In response to the rise of Industry 4.0, many factories are transformed into digitalization to measure machine signals and quantify them for subsequent health indicator diagnosis.

[0003] The existing industrial gear box does not add sensing elements, and needs to externally hang multiple sensors to perform measurement operations. However, the measurement by external hanging needs to consider the installation space and sensor wiring path, and the traditional wired acceleration gauge cannot achieve remote monitoring effect, and needs to pass through specific hardware to receive signals.

[0004] Furthermore, the existing diagnosis method is established by experimental method to establish a fault database, or to design parameters to calculate characteristic frequencies, but both need to consume a large amount of analysis time, and the analysis personnel need to have relevant technical background, so that the general on-site operator cannot quickly define the fault phenomenon.

[0005] Therefore, how to overcome the various shortcomings of the prior art has become a difficult problem to be overcome in the industry at present. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the various shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a state monitoring method of a transmission device and a transmission structure thereof, which can at least partially solve the problems of the prior art.

[0007] The transmission device of the present application comprises: a transmission structure having opposite input and output ends; a circuit board provided on the input end of the transmission structure; a sensing element provided on the circuit board; and a data processing element provided on the circuit board and in communication with the sensing element.

[0008] The present application also provides a state monitoring method of a transmission structure, comprising: providing a transmission device as described above; sensing a plurality of vibration signals of the transmission structure by the sensing element; converting the plurality of vibration signals into frequency spectrum signals by the data processing element; and comparing the frequency spectrum signals with a reference signal to determine whether the transmission structure is abnormal, wherein the reference signal is a normal frequency spectrum presented by the vibration signal generated by the transmission structure under normal state.

[0009] As can be seen from the above, in the state monitoring method of the transmission device and the transmission structure thereof of the present application, the sensing element is mainly installed on the input end of the transmission structure, so that no external sensor is needed during measurement operation. Compared with the prior art, the state monitoring method of the transmission structure of the present application does not need to consider the installation space and sensor wiring path, and can achieve remote monitoring effect.

[0010] Furthermore, by the configuration of the circuit board and the data processing element, multiple vibration signals of the sensing element can be received without the need of specific hardware.

[0011] The present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but is not limited to the embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 A schematic view of a transmission device of the present application.

[0013] Figure 2 A flow chart of a state monitoring method of a transmission structure of the present application.

[0014] Figure 3A A curve graph of a first frequency spectrum signal before simplification of a state monitoring method of a transmission structure of the present application.

[0015] Figure 3B A curve graph of a second frequency spectrum signal after simplification of a state monitoring method of a transmission structure of the present application.

[0016] Figure 3C A curve graph of a reference signal used in a state monitoring method of a transmission structure of the present application.

[0017] Figure 4 A curve graph of a target frequency spectrum obtained by a state monitoring method of a transmission structure of the present application.

[0018] In the drawings:

[0019] 1: Transmission device

[0020] 1a: Electronic module

[0021] 10: Transmission structure

[0022] 10a: Input end

[0023] 10b: Output end

[0024] 100: Gear

[0025] 101: Input shaft

[0026] 102: Output shaft

[0027] 11: Circuit board

[0028] 12: Sensing element

[0029] 13: Data processing element

[0030] 14: Data transmission element

[0031] F0~F4: peak value

[0032] L: reference

[0033] P: target spectrum

[0034] Q: threshold value

[0035] S20~S27: step DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The structural principle and working principle of the present application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings:

[0037] It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings attached to the present specification are only used to understand and read the content disclosed in the present specification, and are not used to limit the conditions that can be implemented by the present application, and therefore do not have technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effect and purpose that can be achieved by the present application, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present application. At the same time, the terms such as "above" and "one" used in the present specification are only for the convenience of clear description, and are not used to limit the scope of the present application. The change or adjustment of the relative relationship, without substantially changing the technical content, is also considered as the scope of the present application.

[0038] Figure 1 A perspective view of a transmission device 1 of the present application. As shown in Figure 1 , the transmission device 1 comprises a transmission structure 10, a circuit board 11, at least one sensing element 12, and a data processing element 13.

[0039] The transmission structure 10 has opposite input end 10a and output end 10b.

[0040] In the present embodiment, the transmission structure 10 is a reduction structure, such as a gear set of a reduction box or a gear box, which comprises a plurality of gears 100. For example, the gear set can comprise ring gears, planetary gears, sun gears, or other gears, etc.

[0041] Further, the input end 10a of the transmission structure 10 has an input shaft 101 connected to the plurality of gears 100, and the output end 10b of the transmission structure 10 has an output shaft 102 connected to the plurality of gears 100, so that the input shaft 101 is connected to the output shaft 102 through the plurality of gears 100. For example, the input shaft 101 can be connected to a motor such as a power source, and the output shaft 102 can be connected to a tool such as a drill bit.

[0042] It should be understood that the types of transmission structure 10 are various, as long as they can transmit power, and are not limited to the above.

[0043] The circuit board 11 is disposed on the input end 10a of the transmission structure 10. In the embodiment, the circuit board 11 is annular to surround the input shaft 101. It is understood that the shape of the circuit board 11 can be designed as required, as long as it can be disposed on the input end 10a, and there is no particular limitation.

[0044] The sensing element 12 is disposed on the circuit board 11. In the embodiment, the sensing element 12 is an accelerometer or a temperature sensor.

[0045] The data processing element 13 is disposed on the circuit board 11 and is communicatively connected to the sensing element 12.

[0046] In the embodiment, the data processing element 13 is a microcontroller unit (MCU).

[0047] Further, the transmission device 1 further comprises a data transmission element 14 communicatively connected to the data processing element 13. For example, the data transmission element 14 is in the form of an antenna to transmit the processing result of the data processing element 13 to an electronic device (not shown) such as a computer.

[0048] In addition, the data transmission element 14 is disposed on the circuit board 11, so that the circuit board 11, the sensing element 12, the data processing element 13 and the data transmission element 14 are integrated into an electronic module 1a, i.e. modularization. It is understood that the power supply required by the electronic module 1a can be a battery installed on the circuit board 11 or an external power supply device.

[0049] Therefore, the transmission device 1 of the present application integrates the circuit board 11, the sensing element 12 (accelerometer and / or temperature sensor), the data processing element 13, the data transmission element 14 (such as WIFI antenna), and even the power supply into a single electronic module 1a, which is placed in the input end 10a of the transmission structure 10, so that the required data can be effectively obtained, and the service life of the electronic module 1a can be improved. Specifically, since the rotational speed at the input end 10a is high, the vibration signal is the strongest, and it is far away from the high temperature place (such as the gears 100 and the output end 10b) of the transmission structure 10, so that better vibration signal can be obtained, and the service life of the circuit board 11 can be prolonged.

[0050] Figure 2 The block flowchart of the state monitoring method of the transmission structure of the present application. In the embodiment, the state monitoring method monitors whether the transmission structure 10 of the transmission device 1 is abnormal.

[0051] In step S20, a pre-process is performed to communicatively connect the circuit board 10 to an electronic device such as a computer via the data transmission element 14.

[0052] In this embodiment, the circuit board 10 and the computer are set to the same network domain in a Wi-Fi manner.

[0053] In step S21, vibration signals are measured to sense vibration signals of the transmission structure 10 via the sensing element 12 and remove noise.

[0054] In this embodiment, the vibration signals are time-domain signals, and thus the vibration signals can be used as vibration time-domain data.

[0055] In step S22, the data processing element 13 is used to convert the vibration signals into first frequency spectrum signals (as shown in FIG. 4). Figure 3A

[0056] In this embodiment, a Fourier transform method such as a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is used to convert the time-domain signals into frequency-domain signals to display vibration frequency spectrum.

[0057] In step S23, the data processing element 13 is used to perform a data simplification process to obtain second frequency spectrum signals (as shown in FIG. 5). Figure 3B

[0058] In this embodiment, the frequency range is first rounded to an integer, and then the amplitudes of the same integer frequency are averaged to define the frequency range as 0-5000 Hz. For example, the data amount is set to 10000 Hz, that is, 10000 data per second, but the frequency calculation does not need to be so precise, and thus the frequency is rounded to an integer, and the same integer frequency is averaged, so that the original data 360000 (first frequency spectrum signals) shown in FIG. 4 can be reduced to 5000 (second frequency spectrum signals) shown in FIG. 5, about 86% reduction, to reduce the storage capacity. Figure 3A Figure 3B

[0059] Thus, the frequency is integerized and averaged, which can reduce the data amount and retain the frequency signals in the complete frequency width.

[0060] In step S24, a judgment process is performed to determine whether the transmission structure 10 is abnormal via the computer.

[0061] In this embodiment, the user compares the second frequency spectrum signals (as shown in FIG. 5) displayed by the computer with a reference signal (as shown in FIG. 6) in a manual manner. Figure 3B Figure 3C ​​​​​As shown, the transmission structure 10 is used to determine whether it is abnormal. The reference signal is the normal spectrum of the vibration signal generated by the transmission structure 10 under normal conditions. For example, the normal spectrum signal can be stored (or built into) in the computer's database, and the database can store items such as frequency, amplitude, average amplitude, number of frequencies exceeding the average amplitude, or others. In another embodiment, the user can also store the "initial operating spectrum" in the computer to an initial database. At the end of each operation, the transmission device 1 automatically performs a subtraction operation with the "initial operating spectrum" in the computer, stores the results of the dense frequency bands and the average amplitude threshold, and automatically performs the abnormality judgment operation. It should be understood that the judgment operation performed in step S24 can be performed in many ways, including manual, automated, or other suitable methods, and is not limited to the above.

[0062] Furthermore, based on the reference signal (a signal with a normal spectrum), the user can determine whether there are dense bands of signal on the computer, thus determining whether the transmission structure 10 is abnormal. Therefore, whether the abnormality of the transmission structure 10 can be determined by human judgment or automated judgment.

[0063] In step S25, if a dense band of signals appears, it is judged as abnormal. If no dense band of signals appears, it is judged as normal.

[0064] In this embodiment, when the number N of frequencies exceeding the average amplitude of the spectrum signal (second spectrum signal) is greater than 1.5 times the number M of frequencies exceeding the average amplitude of the normal spectrum signal (N>1.5M), a dense band of signals will appear (i.e., a signal defined as an abnormal spectrum).

[0065] In step S26, a subtraction operation is performed so that when an abnormality is determined, the computer can subtract the spectrum signal from the control signal to calculate the cause of the abnormality of the transmission structure 10.

[0066] In this embodiment, abnormal spectrum (such as...) Figure 3B The second spectrum signal shown) and the normal spectrum (such as Figure 3C Subtract the control signal shown to obtain a target spectrum P, such as Figure 4 As shown, the amplitudes corresponding to the frequencies from 0 to 5000 Hz in the target spectrum P are then averaged, and the value of this average amplitude is used as the threshold value Q (e.g., Figure 4 The 0.5x10 shown -5 g). Next, using the theoretical meshing frequency as a reference L (251Hz as shown in the figure), observe whether there are multiple (at least 2) identical gaps (e.g., between the peak values ​​F0, F1, F2, F3, F4 on both sides that are higher than the threshold value Q) (as shown in the figure). Figure 4The target factor (interval) is 20 Hz, and the fault cause (or abnormal cause) is the gear 100 of the input end 10a.

[0067] Further, the correlation between the fault cause and the target factor (interval) is built in the database of the computer, so that the abnormal cause of the transmission structure 10 can be known as long as the interval is known. For example, the target factor (interval) is 20 Hz, which corresponds to the definition of the abnormal cause "wear of the input gear".

[0068] Furthermore, the reference L can also use the frequency position of the maximum amplitude, but the judgment benefit of using the theoretical meshing frequency is higher.

[0069] Therefore, the frequency subtraction method is used, that is, the signal of the healthy frequency is subtracted from the signal of the abnormal frequency to obtain the difference, and the difference can be quantitatively represented by the interval and the amplitude, that is, the meshing frequency (or the highest response frequency) is used as the reference L, and multiple equal intervals are searched on the left and right sides of the reference L, and the fault phenomenon or element can be defined, so the subtraction operation is suitable for all types of transmission mechanisms.

[0070] In step S27, the state monitoring method of the transmission structure 10 is ended. In the present embodiment, the calculation results can be stored in the database of the computer for subsequent user reference. For example, when the input condition of the transmission structure 10 is 1200 rpm / 80 Nm, the input gear is damaged, and it can be found that the target factor appears three times 20 Hz interval near the meshing frequency (216 Hz), that is, the fault item can be defined by using this interval, and stored in the database of the computer.

[0071] Therefore, the state monitoring method of the transmission structure 10 of the present application mainly uses the three-axis accelerometer or other sensing elements 12 to be arranged on the high-speed input end 10a, so that the sensing elements 12 do not need to be externally mounted during the measurement operation, and the interference of environmental vibration can be reduced. By the arrangement of the circuit board 11 and the data processing element 13, the multiple vibration signals of the sensing elements 12 can be received without the need of specific hardware, and the fault item can be defined by the calculation of the frequency spectrum, so compared with the prior art, the state monitoring method of the transmission structure 10 of the present application does not need to consider the installation space and the sensing element wiring path, and the remote monitoring effect can be achieved by the cooperation of the computer and the data transmission element 14.

[0072] In summary, in the transmission device and the state monitoring method of the transmission structure thereof of the present application, the sensing elements are installed on the input end of the transmission structure, so that the state monitoring method of the transmission structure is facilitated.

[0073] Of course, the present application can have other various embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present application without departing from the spirit and essence of the present application, and these corresponding changes and modifications shall all belong to the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A transmission device, characterized in that, include: The transmission structure has opposing input and output ends; A circuit board is located on the input end of the transmission structure; A sensing element, which is disposed on the circuit board, is used to sense multiple vibration signals of the transmission structure; as well as A data processing element, which is disposed on the circuit board and communicatively connected to the sensing element, is used to convert the multiple vibration signals into a first spectrum signal, and to integerize and average the first spectrum signal to obtain a second spectrum signal, wherein the integerization is to round the frequency range to an integer number, and the averaging is to average the amplitude of the frequency repetitions. Wherein, when the number of frequencies exceeding the average amplitude of the second spectrum signal is greater than 1.5 times the number of frequencies exceeding the average amplitude of the normal spectrum signal, the second spectrum signal is defined as an abnormal spectrum signal. When the second spectrum signal is an abnormal spectrum signal, the second spectrum signal is subtracted from the normal spectrum to obtain a target spectrum. Then, the amplitudes corresponding to the frequencies from 0 to 5000 Hz in the target spectrum are averaged, and the value of the average amplitude is used as a threshold value to determine the cause of the abnormality of the transmission structure.

2. The transmission device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, in, This transmission structure is a speed reduction structure.

3. The transmission device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, in, The reduction structure is in the form of a gear set.

4. The transmission device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, in, The transmission structure has an input shaft at its input end and an output shaft at its output end.

5. The transmission device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, in, The circuit board, the data processing element, and the sensing element are integrated into an electronic module.

6. The transmission device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, in, The sensing element is an accelerometer or a temperature sensor.

7. The transmission device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, in, The data processing element is a microcontroller.

8. The transmission device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, in, The transmission device also includes a data transmission element that is communicatively connected to the data processing element.

9. The transmission device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, in, The data transmission element is in the form of an antenna.

10. The transmission device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, in, The data transmission element is located on the circuit board, integrating the circuit board, the data processing element, the sensing element, and the data transmission element into an electronic module.

11. A method for monitoring the state of a transmission structure, characterized in that, include: Provide a transmission device as described in any one of claims 1 to 10; The sensing element senses multiple vibration signals from the transmission structure. The data processing element converts the multiple vibration signals into the second spectrum signal. as well as The second spectral signal is compared with a control signal to determine whether the transmission structure is abnormal. The control signal is the normal spectrum of the vibration signal generated by the transmission structure under normal conditions.

12. The method for monitoring the state of a transmission structure as described in claim 11, characterized in that, in, The second spectral signal is subtracted from the control signal to determine the cause of the abnormality in the transmission structure.

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