A method for quickly constructing a simulation model of a building structure

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of methods for quickly building building structure simulation model. Including the following steps: S1: obtaining the characteristic information of building layout, defining and initializing adjustable parameter range;S2: building building structure overall information matrix;S3: defining various structure load action;S4: modal analysis and stiffness matching are carried out to structure;S5: establishing structure calculation model, and carrying out reinforcement design;S6: the safety, economy statistical index of classified selection output model is selected, and the optimal structure scheme is selected according to weight. To solve the problem that the overall stiffness of the model established automatically does not have a unified target, resulting in the overall index result of model calculation being far from the specification requirement, the workload is large, the problem of needing to adjust the model repeatedly for trial calculation again in later period, realize the quick construction of building structure simulation model, improve the efficiency of model establishment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building structure design, and more particularly to an automatic construction method for building structure simulation models based on parametric and stiffness matching. Background Technology

[0002] Parametric modeling using Building Information Modeling (BIM) principles was first adopted in Western countries, and the technology is relatively mature. In my country, traditional modeling software can only calculate one structural scheme at a time. If the building dimensions, structural form, or structural parameters change, it is necessary to return to the modeling module, modify the changes, and then recalculate. In the conventional structural design process, the initial comparison of structural schemes and the debugging of the structural model to meet the code requirements all require repeated trial calculations, resulting in low efficiency.

[0003] Currently, the steps engineers take when creating a building structural model are as follows:

[0004] (1). Based on experience, determine the preliminary dimensions of the component by taking into account information such as the material, length, and load of the component.

[0005] (2) Continuously calculate and adjust its structural stiffness until the overall indicators meet the requirements of the specifications;

[0006] (3) Adjust the cross-section of the component until the load-bearing capacity of the component meets the requirements of the specification.

[0007] Currently, steps 1 and 3 have corresponding technical support that enables automation. However, in step 2, each adjustment of structural stiffness relies on engineers adjusting structural components one by one based on the overall index results and their accumulated experience. This process of "trial calculation - model modification - trial calculation" is repeated. Because it relies on personal experience and subjective judgment, there is currently no good automated solution, hindering the development of automated structural design technology. Furthermore, without a correct overall stiffness as a foundation, the efficiency of automatic component adjustment is significantly reduced.

[0008] In addition, when designing complex structural schemes such as large spans and super high-rise buildings, it is usually necessary to compare multiple system schemes in order to achieve the goals of economy and safety, and to establish multiple structural models that meet the building schemes, which results in a large workload.

[0009] When the problem to be solved is no longer a single building structure design project, but a study of a specific topic in the structural code, engineers need to build a full range of models under different planar dimensions, heights, seismic intensities, and wind loads as test samples. As the types of influencing factors increase, the number of models with various combinations of conditions will increase exponentially, making the modeling work extremely intensive. Summary of the Invention

[0010] This invention primarily addresses the problems of inaccurate overall stiffness and excessive workload in subsequent adjustments when automatically building models using existing technologies. It provides a method for rapidly constructing building structure simulation models, effectively reducing model component time and computational resources, thereby improving the work efficiency of structural engineers.

[0011] The above-mentioned technical problems of the present invention are mainly solved by the following technical solutions:

[0012] A method for rapidly constructing a building structure simulation model includes the following steps:

[0013] S1: Obtain feature information of the building floor plan, define and initialize the adjustable parameter range;

[0014] S2: Construct the overall building structure information matrix based on the building plan layout feature information after parameter initialization;

[0015] S3: Define various structural loads based on the overall structural information matrix;

[0016] S4: Based on the overall structural information matrix after determining the load, perform modal analysis and stiffness matching on the structure;

[0017] S5: Based on the structural model information after stiffness matching, establish a structural calculation model and perform reinforcement design;

[0018] S6: Classify and select the safety and economic statistical indicators of the output model, and select the optimal structural scheme according to the weight.

[0019] Based on the overall structural information matrix after determining the load, modal analysis and stiffness matching are performed on the structure; then, a structural calculation model is constructed, and reinforcement design is carried out. This addresses the problem that the overall stiffness of the currently automatically generated model does not have a unified target, resulting in the overall index results of the model calculation being far from the code requirements, requiring repeated adjustments and recalculations, which is a large workload. This enables the rapid construction of building structure simulation models and improves the efficiency of model building.

[0020] Preferably, the feature information of the building plan layout includes the grid dimensions and the building wall layout.

[0021] Preferably, the adjustable parameter range includes the range of vertical component arrangement density and component size.

[0022] As a preferred option, the overall information includes the number of building floors, floor height, height, width, height-to-width ratio, length, length-to-width ratio, material strength, and protective layer thickness; the overall information is used to construct a preliminary stiffness matrix for the building structure.

[0023] Preferably, the structural loads include dead / live loads, wind loads, and seismic loads; the mass matrix of the building structure is obtained based on the structural loads.

[0024] Preferably, the wind load matrix includes ground roughness and basic wind pressure parameters; the seismic action matrix includes seismic intensity and seismic influence coefficient parameters.

[0025] Preferably, the modal analysis calculation model corresponds to the following number:

[0026] (1) Number of wind load models = Number of basic wind pressure models;

[0027] (2) Number of earthquake action models = earthquake impact × seismic fortification intensity × number of height-to-width ratio models × number of floor height models.

[0028] Preferably, the stiffness matching includes the following period control formula:

[0029] (1) Empirical formula for calculating the fundamental natural period based on the number of layers n:

[0030] T a =(a min ~a max )n

[0031] Among them, T a The fundamental natural period;

[0032] a min and a max These are the maximum and minimum values ​​of the empirical coefficient, respectively.

[0033] (2) Formula for calculating the natural vibration period based on the structural height H and width B:

[0034]

[0035] Where a1 is a fixed coefficient;

[0036] a2 is the conversion factor;

[0037] (3) Formula for calculating the fundamental natural period:

[0038] T a =C r h n x

[0039] Among them, h n The height from the foundation to the structural roof;

[0040] C r To calculate the coefficients;

[0041] x is the exponential coefficient;

[0042] If the stiffness matching does not meet the set threshold requirements, the vertical component layout density and size matrix will be automatically modified, and the calculation will be repeated until the requirements are met.

[0043] As a preferred method, the stiffness-matched model information is imported into building structural mechanics software for calculation and the results are output.

[0044] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0045] Based on the overall structural information matrix after determining the load, modal analysis and stiffness matching are performed on the structure; then, a structural calculation model is constructed, and reinforcement design is carried out. This addresses the problem that the overall stiffness of the currently automatically generated model does not have a unified target, resulting in the overall index results of the model calculation being far from the code requirements, requiring repeated adjustments and recalculations, which is a large workload. This enables the rapid construction of building structure simulation models and improves the efficiency of model building. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for rapidly constructing a building structure simulation model according to the present invention.

[0047] Figure 2 It is the area ratio of the zero-stress zone of the foundation under wind load according to the present invention.

[0048] Figure 3 It is the area ratio of the zero-stress zone of the foundation under common earthquake action according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0050] Example:

[0051] The scheme in this embodiment can be used to quickly and in batches establish simulation models to solve the area ratio of the zero-stress zone of the foundation under different wind loads and seismic actions when the structural height H is between 24 meters and 100 meters and the structural height-to-width ratio and length-to-width ratio are both at the maximum values ​​specified in the code.

[0052] This embodiment provides a method for rapidly constructing a building structure simulation model, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the process includes the following steps: S1: Obtain the feature information of the building's floor plan, and define and initialize the adjustable parameter range.

[0053] The plan layout features include grid dimensions and building wall arrangement. Parameters such as the density range and size range of vertical wall and column components are defined separately.

[0054] The building height adopts the common high-rise building height in actual engineering, that is, the structural height H is between 24 meters and 100 meters. Based on conventional engineering experience, the floor height h is determined by the values ​​of the bottom large span and the upper floor height, forming the floor height matrix H. According to the maximum height-to-width ratio and length-to-width ratio under different seismic fortification intensities in the code, the structural plan width matrix B and the structural plan length matrix L are obtained. The axis grid dimension matrix and the building wall layout information matrix are defined.

[0055] S2: Construct an overall information matrix of the building structure based on the building layout feature information after parameter initialization.

[0056] The overall information includes the number of building floors (floor height), height, width (height-to-width ratio), length (length-to-width ratio), as well as basic information such as material strength and protective layer thickness. Through calculation, the preliminary stiffness matrix of the building structure is obtained.

[0057] S3: Define various structural loads based on the overall structural information matrix.

[0058] Structural loads include dead / live loads, wind loads, and seismic loads.

[0059] 1) Constant live load

[0060] Based on the architectural drawings, apply the corresponding dead and live loads.

[0061] 2) Wind load

[0062] The wind load matrix includes parameters such as ground roughness and basic wind pressure.

[0063] 3) Seismic action

[0064] The seismic action matrix includes parameters such as seismic intensity and seismic influence coefficient.

[0065] The mass matrix of the building structure is obtained based on the structural load.

[0066] In this embodiment, to reduce computational load, the generated structural models under partial seismic action are also loaded with wind loads of varying magnitudes. Specifically, when the height-to-width ratio is 6, 12 sets of wind pressures are selected to correspond to 6 sets of seismic fortification intensities under frequent earthquakes and 6 sets of seismic fortification intensities under rare earthquakes. Based on this, 6 sets of simulation models are added when the height-to-width ratio is between 4 and 5 and the seismic fortification intensity is between 8 and 9 degrees. Each of the above models contains 21-story models, resulting in a total of 378 simulation models, as shown in Table 1 below.

[0067] Table 1. Simulation Model Table

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] S4: Based on the overall structural information matrix after determining the load, perform modal analysis and stiffness matching on the structure.

[0071] Number of modal analysis calculation models:

[0072] (1) Number of wind load models = Number of basic wind pressure models.

[0073] (2) Number of earthquake action models = earthquake impact × seismic fortification intensity × number of height-to-width ratios × number of floors.

[0074] Stiffness matching includes the following period control formulas that can be selected:

[0075] (1) Empirical formula for calculating the fundamental natural period based on the number of layers n:

[0076] T a =(a min ~a max )n

[0077] Among them, T a The fundamental natural period.

[0078] a min and a max These are the maximum and minimum values ​​of the empirical coefficient, respectively. In this embodiment, the range of the empirical coefficient is 0.05 to 0.10.

[0079] (2) Formula for calculating the natural vibration period based on the structural height H and width B:

[0080]

[0081] Where a1 is a fixed coefficient.

[0082] a2 is the conversion factor.

[0083] In this embodiment, a1 is 0.25 and a2 is 0.53; that is:

[0084]

[0085] (3) Formula for calculating the fundamental natural period:

[0086] T a =C r h n x

[0087] Among them, h n Height from the foundation to the structural roof (meters).

[0088] C r is the calculation coefficient; x is the exponential coefficient. From Table 5.2-2 of FEMA 450, for reinforced concrete structures, C... r =0.0466. x =0.9.

[0089] If the stiffness matching does not meet the set threshold requirements, the vertical component layout density and size matrix will be automatically modified, and the calculation will be repeated until the requirements are met.

[0090] To ensure that the structural stiffness conforms to actual conditions and that the calculation results of the modal response spectrum method and the base shear method are comparable, a planar layout model that conforms to reality needs to be established. This paper uses the cross-sectional dimensions of beams, columns, and walls, as well as the axis spacing, as parameters. Using the fundamental natural period calculated by the third fundamental natural period calculation formula as the target, the parameters are iteratively applied using a program. This results in the final simulation model's structural period values ​​being almost identical to those calculated by the third fundamental natural period calculation formula, as shown in Table 2. The resulting simulation model group serves as the basic model group for the modal response spectrum method.

[0091] Table 2. Comparison between simulation model and fundamental natural period

[0092] number of floors Structural height (m) Formula calculation cycle Simulation model cycle error 6 24.0 0.814 0.741 9.85％ 7 27.8 0.929 0.955 -2.69％ 8 31.6 1.043 1.043 -0.05％ 9 35.4 1.155 1.156 -0.12％ 10 39.2 1.266 1.259 0.55％ 11 43.0 1.376 1.383 -0.51％ 12 46.8 1.485 1.500 -1.03％ 13 50.6 1.593 1.616 -1.45％ 14 54.4 1.700 1.685 0.86％ 15 58.2 1.806 1.803 0.21％ 16 62.0 1.912 1.899 0.67％ 17 65.8 2.017 2.009 0.39％ 18 69.6 2.122 2.121 0.04％ 19 73.4 2.226 2.183 1.97％ 20 77.2 2.329 2.299 1.30％ 21 81.0 2.432 2.419 0.54％ 22 84.8 2.535 2.559 -0.95％ 23 88.6 2.637 2.689 -1.95％ 24 92.4 2.738 2.737 0.06％ 25 96.2 2.840 2.824 0.55％ 26 100.0 2.940 2.935 0.16％

[0093] S5: Based on the structural model information after stiffness matching, establish a structural calculation model and perform reinforcement design.

[0094] The stiffness-matched model information is imported into the building structure mechanics software for calculation and the results are output.

[0095] S6: Classify and select the safety and economic statistical indicators of the output model, and select the optimal structural scheme according to the weight.

[0096] By filtering the calculation results, the area of ​​the zero-stress zone of the foundation under wind load was finally obtained, for example... Figure 2 As shown, the area of ​​the zero-stress zone of the foundation under common earthquake action is, for example... Figure 3 As shown.

[0097] The solution in this embodiment performs modal analysis and stiffness matching on the structure based on the overall structural information matrix after the load is determined; then, a structural calculation model is constructed and reinforcement design is carried out. This solves the problem that the overall stiffness of the currently automatically built model does not have a unified target, which leads to the overall index results of the model calculation being far from the standard requirements, requiring repeated adjustments and recalculations of the model in the later stage, resulting in a large workload. This solution enables the rapid construction of building structure simulation models and improves the efficiency of model building.

[0098] It should be understood that the embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for rapidly constructing a building structure simulation model, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Obtain feature information of building floor plan layout, define and initialize adjustable parameter range; adjustable parameter range includes the layout density range of wall and column vertical components and the component size range; S2: Construct the overall building structure information matrix based on the building plan layout feature information after parameter initialization; S3: Define various structural loads based on the overall structural information matrix; S4: Based on the overall structural information matrix after determining the load, perform modal analysis and stiffness matching on the structure; Using the fundamental natural vibration period calculated by the formula for the fundamental natural vibration period of a building structure as the target, the program iterates the parameters repeatedly to ensure that the final simulation model structural period value and the value calculated by the formula for the fundamental natural vibration period of a building structure meet the set threshold requirements. S5: Based on the structural model information after stiffness matching, establish a structural calculation model and perform reinforcement design; S6: Classify and select the safety and economic statistical indicators of the output model, and select the optimal structural scheme according to the weight.

2. The method for rapidly constructing a building structure simulation model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The characteristic information of the building plan layout includes the grid dimensions and the layout of the building walls.

3. The method for rapidly constructing a building structure simulation model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The overall information includes the number of building floors, floor height, height, width, height-to-width ratio, length, length-to-width ratio, material strength, and protective layer thickness; the overall information is used to construct the preliminary stiffness matrix of the building structure.

4. A method for rapidly constructing a building structure simulation model according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The structural loads described include dead / live loads, wind loads, and seismic loads; the mass matrix of the building structure is obtained based on the structural loads.

5. The method for rapidly constructing a building structure simulation model according to claim 4, characterized in that, The wind load matrix includes ground roughness and basic wind pressure parameters; the seismic action matrix includes seismic intensity and seismic influence coefficient parameters.

6. A method for rapidly constructing a building structure simulation model according to claim 1, 3, or 5, characterized in that, The number of modal analysis calculation models mentioned above corresponds to: (1) Number of wind load models = Number of basic wind pressure models; (2) Number of earthquake action models = earthquake impact × seismic fortification intensity × number of height-to-width ratio models × number of floor height models.

7. A method for rapidly constructing a building structure simulation model according to claim 1, 3, or 5, characterized in that, The stiffness matching mentioned above includes the following period control formula: (1) Empirical formula for calculating the fundamental natural period based on the number of layers n: ， in, The fundamental natural period; and These are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the empirical coefficient, respectively. (2) Formula for calculating the natural vibration period based on the structural height H and width B: ， in, It is a fixed coefficient; These are the conversion factors; (3) Formula for calculating the fundamental natural period: ， in, The height from the foundation to the structural roof; To calculate the coefficients; x is the exponential coefficient; If the stiffness matching does not meet the set threshold requirements, the vertical component layout density and size matrix will be automatically modified, and the calculation will be repeated until the requirements are met.

8. The method for rapidly constructing a building structure simulation model according to claim 7, characterized in that, The stiffness-matched model information is imported into the building structure mechanics software for calculation and the results are output.

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