A rubber material for high thermal conductivity, high wear resistance and long service life oil seals

Abstract

The present invention relates to a rubber material for high thermal conductivity, high wear resistance, and long-life oil seals. In parts by weight, it includes the following raw material components: 100 parts of a rubber matrix, 35-40 parts of carbon black, 1-2 parts of a modified thermal conductivity filler, 0.3-0.6 parts of a modified self-lubricating filler, 2 parts of stearic acid, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5-2 parts of an antioxidant, 2-4 parts of a plasticizer, 1-2 parts of triallyl isocyanurate, and 1-8 parts of dicumyl peroxide. The present invention preferably uses nano-sheet or nano-tubular silicon nitride nanowires, and grafts nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber onto the surface of the silicon nitride nanowires by using a Haake mixer, improving the dispersibility of the silicon nitride nanowires in the rubber matrix and the compatibility with the rubber matrix. The oil seals prepared using the rubber material mentioned in the present invention have the characteristics of high thermal conductivity and long life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil seal preparation, and particularly to a rubber material for high thermal conductivity, high wear resistance, and long-life oil seals. Background Art

[0002] During the mechanical operation process, the main manifestation of seal failure is leakage. The performance of the oil seal has a great impact on the overall working efficiency of the machine. With the continuous improvement of the mechanization level, the oil seal faces working conditions such as high temperature and high pressure, resulting in an increasing probability of oil seal failure and leakage, thus causing various accidents.

[0003] During the operation of the dynamic oil seal, the lip of the oil seal tightly holds on the crankshaft and generates high-speed friction with the crankshaft, thus generating a large amount of heat at the lip. If a large amount of generated heat cannot be dissipated in time, the temperature of the oil seal lip will increase significantly. For rubber materials, when the operating temperature increases by 10°C, the theoretical life of the rubber material will be halved.

[0004] Therefore, improving the self-lubricating performance of the oil seal lip and reducing the friction force with the crankshaft are beneficial to reducing both the temperature of the oil seal lip and the wear of the oil seal lip. At the same time, enhancing the thermal conductivity of the oil seal rubber material and timely transferring the heat generated at the lip to the engine oil are also beneficial to extending the service life of the oil seal.

[0005] Molybdenum disulfide is a good self-lubricating material. For example, in the invention patent CN114854137A, modified molybdenum disulfide is blended and thin-passed with rubber, and a rubber composite material with a low friction coefficient is obtained after vulcanization. In addition, silicon nitride is also often used to prepare thermal conductivity material additives. For example, the invention patent CN106957176A reports a preparation method of a silicon nitride ceramic with high thermal conductivity, and the thermal conductivity of the prepared silicon nitride ceramic can reach 100 W / (m·k).

[0006] This patent composites modified silicon nitride nanowires and modified molybdenum disulfide with common rubber materials for oil seals such as nitrile rubber and hydrogenated nitrile rubber to prepare a rubber material for high thermal conductivity, high wear resistance, and long-life oil seals. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention proposes a method of composite-modifying modified silicon nitride nanowires and modified molybdenum disulfide with common rubber materials for oil seals such as nitrile rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, and acrylate rubber to prepare a rubber material for high thermal conductivity, high wear resistance, and long-life oil seals. The oil seal prepared with this rubber material has the advantages of good thermal conductivity, excellent wear resistance, and long service life.

[0008] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A rubber material for high - thermal - conductivity, high - wear - resistance and long - life oil seals, by weight, comprises the following raw material components: 100 parts of rubber matrix, 35 - 40 parts of carbon black, 1 - 2 parts of modified thermal - conductivity filler, 0.3 - 0.6 parts of modified self - lubricating filler, 2 parts of stearic acid, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5 - 2 parts of antioxidant, 2 - 4 parts of plasticizer, 1 - 2 parts of triallyl isocyanurate, and 1 - 8 parts of dicumyl peroxide.

[0010] The rubber matrix includes at least one of nitrile rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, and acrylate rubber.

[0011] The carbon black includes at least one of N330, N550, or N990.

[0012] The modified thermal - conductivity filler includes the following raw materials: nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber, silicon nitride nanowires, dicumyl peroxide, and triallyl isocyanurate;

[0013] The weight ratio of nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber, silicon nitride nanowires, dicumyl peroxide, and triallyl isocyanurate is 100:100 - 150:0.04 - 0.10:0.03 - 0.05.

[0014] The preparation method of the modified thermal - conductivity filler is as follows:

[0015] Add nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber into a Haake mixer, shear at 175 - 195 °C and 40 - 100 r / min until the torque curve is stable, then add silicon nitride nanowires, triallyl isocyanurate, and dicumyl peroxide and shear until the torque curve is stable, and discharge and cool to obtain the modified thermal - conductivity filler, that is, nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber - modified silicon nitride nanowires.

[0016] The purpose of using nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber to modify silicon nitride nanowires is to improve the dispersion of silicon nitride nanowires in the rubber matrix and the compatibility with the rubber matrix. Silicon nitride nanowires are inorganic fillers. When directly used as thermal - conductivity fillers in organic rubber matrix materials such as nitrile rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, or acrylate rubber, due to the obvious polarity difference, it is difficult to disperse evenly in the rubber matrix, and the interaction force with the rubber matrix is not strong either, resulting in a decrease in physical and mechanical properties such as tear strength and flexural properties of the finally prepared rubber material for high - thermal - conductivity, high - wear - resistance and long - life oil seals. The decrease in tear strength will cause the oil seal to rupture prematurely, and the decrease in flexural properties will cause the oil seal to leak oil prematurely. The above two situations are not conducive to the long - life operation of the oil seal.

[0017] In the preparation method of the modified thermal conductive filler, the weight ratio of nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber, silicon nitride nanowires, dicumyl peroxide and triallyl isocyanurate is 100:100-150:0.04-0.10:0.03-0.05. The purpose of adding dicumyl peroxide and triallyl isocyanurate is as follows: Dicumyl peroxide is a peroxide crosslinking agent. Under the action of high temperature, it will generate active free radicals, which will cause covalent crosslinking between nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber and silicon nitride nanowires, graft nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber on the surface of silicon nitride nanowires, thereby improving the dispersibility of silicon nitride nanowires in the rubber matrix and the compatibility with the rubber matrix, so as to most effectively exert the beneficial effects of adding the above-mentioned modified silicon nitride nanowires. Triallyl isocyanurate is a crosslinking accelerator, which can improve the crosslinking efficiency of dicumyl peroxide.

[0018] If the addition amounts of dicumyl peroxide and triallyl isocyanurate are too small, effective covalent crosslinking between nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber and silicon nitride nanowires cannot be formed. If the addition amounts of dicumyl peroxide and triallyl isocyanurate are too large, three-dimensional network crosslinking of nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber will occur in advance. When such nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber that has undergone three-dimensional network crosslinking in advance is used in the preparation of rubber materials for oil seals, it cannot be effectively dispersed during the mixing stage and is prone to form "fish eyes", thus seriously affecting the comprehensive performance of the oil seal. Therefore, the key technical point of the present invention lies in controlling the dosages of dicumyl peroxide and triallyl isocyanurate. The control point is to enable effective grafting between nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber and silicon nitride nanowires, but not to cause a three-dimensional network structure in nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber.

[0019] During the preparation of the modified silicon nitride nanowires, in order to verify whether a three-dimensional network structure has been formed in nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber, the modified silicon nitride nanowires are wrapped with a 200-mesh copper mesh and added to toluene, and refluxed at 115°C for 4 h. Take it out and observe whether there is undissolved matter on the copper mesh. If there are obvious residues on the copper mesh, the residue is a crosslinked polymer that is difficult to dissolve in toluene. Research shows that when the weight ratio of dicumyl peroxide to rubber is greater than 0.10%, obvious residues will appear on the copper mesh. Based on this judgment, the dosage of dicumyl peroxide cannot exceed 0.10% of the rubber. At the same time, the reflux condensate is filtered while it is hot, and the filter cake is subjected to thermogravimetric analysis and compared with the unmodified silicon nitride nanowires. Research shows that when the dosage of dicumyl peroxide is less than 0.04% of the rubber dosage, the filter cake and the unmodified silicon nitride nanowires are at room temperature

[0020] The mass loss is consistent from room temperature to 600 °C. This indicates that the amount of dicumyl peroxide used as the crosslinking agent is too small to cause grafting reaction between nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber and silicon nitride nanowires.

[0021] Silicon nitride is in the form of nanowires rather than nanoparticles. The reason is as follows: When silicon nitride is in the form of nanowires, adding a small amount of modified silicon nitride nanowires can form a heat conduction path in the rubber matrix, thereby effectively conducting away the heat generated at the lip of the oil seal; if it is in the form of particles, a large amount of silicon nitride needs to be added to form a heat conduction path. However, when the amount of silicon nitride added is too large, even after modification, the physical and mechanical properties such as tear strength, flexural property, and resilience of the rubber material for oil seals will significantly decrease, thus seriously affecting the comprehensive performance of the oil seal.

[0022] The modified self-lubricating filler comprises the following raw materials: nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber, molybdenum disulfide, dicumyl peroxide, and triallyl isocyanurate;

[0023] The weight ratio of nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber, molybdenum disulfide, dicumyl peroxide, and triallyl isocyanurate is 100: 100 - 150: 0.04 - 0.06: 0.02 - 0.04.

[0024] The preparation method of the modified self-lubricating filler is as follows:

[0025] Add nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber to a Haake mixer, shear at 175 - 195 °C and 40 - 100 r / min until the torque curve is stable, then add molybdenum disulfide, dicumyl peroxide, and triallyl isocyanurate and shear until the torque curve is stable, and then discharge and cool to obtain the modified self-lubricating filler, that is, molybdenum disulfide modified by nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber.

[0026] The purpose of using molybdenum disulfide modified by nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber is to improve the dispersibility of molybdenum disulfide in the rubber matrix and its compatibility with the rubber matrix. Molybdenum disulfide is an inorganic filler. When directly used as a heat conduction filler in organic rubber matrix materials such as nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber, due to the obvious polarity difference, it is difficult to be evenly dispersed in the rubber matrix, and the interaction force with the rubber matrix is not strong either, resulting in a decrease in the physical and mechanical properties such as tear strength and flexural property of the finally prepared rubber material for oil seals. The decrease in tear strength will cause the oil seal to rupture prematurely, and the decrease in flexural property will cause the oil seal to leak oil prematurely. The above two situations are not conducive to the long-life operation of the oil seal.

[0027] In the preparation method of modified molybdenum disulfide, the weight ratio of nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber, molybdenum disulfide, dicumyl peroxide and triallyl isocyanurate is 100: 100-150: 0.04-0.06: 0.02-0.04. The purpose of adding dicumyl peroxide and triallyl isocyanurate is as follows: Dicumyl peroxide is a peroxide crosslinking agent. Under the action of high temperature, it will generate active free radicals, so that nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber and molybdenum disulfide produce covalent crosslinking, grafting nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber on the surface of molybdenum disulfide, thereby improving the dispersion of molybdenum disulfide in the rubber matrix and the compatibility with the rubber matrix, and thus most effectively exerting the beneficial effects of adding the above-mentioned modified molybdenum disulfide. Triallyl isocyanurate is a crosslinking accelerator, which can improve the crosslinking efficiency of dicumyl peroxide.

[0028] If the addition amounts of dicumyl peroxide and triallyl isocyanurate are too small, it is impossible to form effective covalent crosslinking between nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber and molybdenum disulfide. If the addition amounts of dicumyl peroxide and triallyl isocyanurate are too large, it will cause the premature formation of three-dimensional network crosslinking of nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber. When such nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber with premature three-dimensional network crosslinking is used in the preparation of rubber materials for oil seals, it cannot be effectively dispersed in the mixing stage and is prone to form "fish eyes", thus seriously affecting the comprehensive performance of the oil seal. Therefore, the key technical point of the present invention lies in controlling the dosages of dicumyl peroxide and triallyl isocyanurate. The control point is to enable effective grafting between nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber and molybdenum disulfide, but not to cause the formation of a three-dimensional network structure of nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber.

[0029] During the preparation of modified molybdenum disulfide, in order to verify whether a three-dimensional network structure has been generated in nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber, the modified molybdenum disulfide is wrapped with a 200-mesh copper mesh and added to toluene, and refluxed under condensation at 115 °C for 4 h. Take it out and observe whether there is undissolved matter on the copper mesh. If there are obvious residues on the copper mesh, the residue is a crosslinked polymer that is difficult to dissolve in toluene. Research shows that when the weight ratio of dicumyl peroxide to rubber is greater than 0.06%, obvious residues will appear on the copper mesh. Based on this judgment, the dosage of dicumyl peroxide cannot exceed 0.06% of the rubber. At the same time, the condensate is filtered while it is hot, and the filter cake is subjected to thermogravimetric analysis and compared with unmodified molybdenum disulfide. Research shows that when the dosage of dicumyl peroxide is less than 0.04% of the rubber dosage, the mass loss of the filter cake is the same as that of unmodified molybdenum disulfide at room temperature to 600 °C. This indicates that the dosage of the crosslinking agent dicumyl peroxide is too small to cause grafting reaction between nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber and molybdenum disulfide.

[0030] The selection principle for nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber modified by silicon nitride nanowires or molybdenum disulfide is as follows: when the raw rubber main body material for preparing the oil seal is nitrile rubber, nitrile rubber is selected to modify silicon nitride nanowires or molybdenum disulfide; when the raw rubber main body material for preparing the oil seal is hydrogenated nitrile rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber is selected to modify silicon nitride nanowires or molybdenum disulfide; when the raw rubber main body material for preparing the oil seal is acrylate rubber, acrylate rubber is selected to modify silicon nitride nanowires or molybdenum disulfide.

[0031] The antioxidant is a commercially available general antioxidant for nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber, including but not limited to antioxidant RD, antioxidant 4010NA, and antioxidant NBC.

[0032] The plasticizer is a commercially available general plasticizer for nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber, including but not limited to plasticizer NB-4, plasticizer TP-95, and plasticizer TP-759.

[0033] The triallyl isocyanurate is a vulcanization accelerator.

[0034] The dicumyl peroxide is a vulcanizing agent.

[0035] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. By reasonable technical means, the present invention covalently grafts nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber onto the surface of silicon nitride nanowires to prepare modified silicon nitride nanowires. Compared with directly adding silicon nitride nanowires, the addition of modified silicon nitride nanowires is beneficial to its effective dispersion in the rubber matrix and good compatibility with the rubber matrix. While exerting the high thermal conductivity advantage of silicon nitride nanowires, it avoids the obvious decline in physical and mechanical properties such as the tear strength and flexing performance of the rubber material for the oil seal, thereby enabling the preparation of a high thermal conductivity and long-life oil seal.

[0037] 2. By reasonable technical means, the present invention covalently grafts nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber onto the surface of molybdenum disulfide to prepare modified molybdenum disulfide. Compared with directly adding molybdenum disulfide, the addition of modified molybdenum disulfide is beneficial to its effective dispersion in the rubber matrix and good compatibility with the rubber matrix. While exerting the self-lubricating and high wear-resistant advantages of molybdenum disulfide, it avoids the obvious decline in physical and mechanical properties such as the tear strength and flexing performance of the rubber material for the oil seal, thereby enabling the preparation of a high thermal conductivity and long-life oil seal. Detailed Embodiments

[0038] The following further illustrates the present invention with specific embodiments, but does not constitute any limitation to the present invention.

[0039] In each embodiment of the present invention, the Haake mixer used is the HAAKE (polylab) type produced by HAAKE Company of Germany.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] Preparation of modified thermal conductive filler.

[0042] Add nitrile rubber to the Haake mixer, shear at 180 °C and 70 r / min until the torque curve is stable, then add silicon nitride nanowires, triallyl isocyanurate and dicumyl peroxide and shear until the torque curve is stable to obtain modified silicon nitride nanowires. The weight ratio of nitrile rubber, silicon nitride nanowires, dicumyl peroxide and triallyl isocyanurate is 100:100:0.08:0.04.

[0043] Preparation of modified molybdenum disulfide. Add nitrile rubber to the Haake mixer, shear at 180 °C and 70 r / min until the torque curve is stable, then add molybdenum disulfide, triallyl isocyanurate and dicumyl peroxide and shear until the torque curve is stable to obtain modified molybdenum disulfide. The weight ratio of nitrile rubber, molybdenum disulfide, dicumyl peroxide and triallyl isocyanurate is 100:100:0.05:0.025.

[0044] Preparation of oil seal test piece. Mix 100 parts of nitrile rubber, 38 parts of carbon black, 1.5 parts of modified silicon nitride nanowires, 0.4 parts of modified molybdenum disulfide, 2 parts of stearic acid, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 1 part of antioxidant 4010NA, 4 parts of plasticizer TP-95, 1.5 parts of vulcanization accelerator triallyl isocyanurate and 2 parts of vulcanizing agent dicumyl peroxide evenly with a mixer to obtain a mixed rubber; make a rubber blank for the oil seal from the mixed rubber on a precision preforming machine; vulcanize the rubber blank and the surface-treated metal skeleton using an electric heating flat vulcanizer, and then cut the lip and install the spring according to the standard size to obtain the oil seal test piece.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] In Example 2, 0.4 parts of modified molybdenum disulfide is not added, and the others are the same as in Example 1.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] In Example 3, 1.5 parts of modified silicon nitride nanowires is not added, and the others are the same as in Example 1.

[0049] Example 4

[0050] In Example 4, the addition amount of modified silicon nitride nanowires is increased to 10 parts, and the others are the same as in Example 1.

[0051] Example 5

[0052] Example 5: Increase the addition amount of modified molybdenum disulfide to 5 parts, and the others are the same as in Example 1.

[0053] Example 6

[0054] Example 6: Replace the silicon nitride nanowires with silicon nitride nanoparticles, and the others are the same as in Example 1.

[0055] Comparative Example 1

[0056] Mix 100 parts of nitrile rubber, 40 parts of carbon black, 2 parts of stearic acid, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 1 part of antioxidant 4010NA, 4 parts of plasticizer TP-95, 1.5 parts of vulcanization accelerator triallyl isocyanurate, and 2 parts of vulcanizing agent dicumyl peroxide evenly using a kneader to obtain a kneaded rubber; make a rubber blank for the oil seal on a precision preforming machine; vulcanize the rubber blank and the surface-treated metal skeleton using an electric heating flat vulcanizer, and then cut the lip and install the spring according to the standard size to obtain an oil seal test piece.

[0057] Comparative Example 2

[0058] In Example 2, use 1.5 parts of unmodified silicon nitride nanowires and 0.4 parts of unmodified molybdenum disulfide to replace 1.5 parts of modified silicon nitride nanowires and 0.4 parts of modified molybdenum disulfide, and the others are the same as in Example 1.

[0059] Conduct thermal conductivity measurement and simulated bench test on the oil seal test pieces prepared in Experimental Examples 1 - 6 and Comparative Examples 1 - 2. Among them, the simulated bench test is carried out according to GB / T 13871.4 - 2007, and the parameter settings are as follows: temperature 140°C, main shaft speed 6000 r·min -1 , and the test medium is 32# mechanical oil. The test data are shown in Table 1.

[0060] Table 1

[0061] Sample Thermal conductivity (W / (m·k)) Running time when oil leakage starts (h) Comparative Example 1 0.210 556 Comparative Example 2 0.365 607 Example 1 0.411 883 Example 2 0.398 725 Example 3 0.225 676 Example 4 0.478 565 Example 5 0.480 548 Example 6 0.235 576

[0062] In Comparative Example 1, without silicon nitride and molybdenum disulfide, the thermal conductivity of the sample was only 0.210 W / (m·K), and the normal operation time of the oil seal was 556 h. After adding 1.5 parts of modified silicon nitride nanowires and 0.4 parts of modified molybdenum disulfide in Example 1, compared with Comparative Example 1, the derivative coefficient of the sample increased by 95.7%, and at the same time, the normal operation time of the oil seal increased to 883 h, with a growth rate as high as 58.8%. Compared with Example 1, in Example 2, 0.4 parts of modified molybdenum disulfide were not added, and in Example 3, 1.5 parts of modified silicon nitride nanowires were not added. The normal operation times of both oil seals decreased significantly. This indicates that the addition of modified silicon nitride nanowires and modified molybdenum disulfide played a synergistic improvement role. Compared with Example 1, in Example 4 and Example 5, excessive amounts of modified silicon nitride nanowires and excessive amounts of modified molybdenum disulfide were added, and the normal operation times of both oil seals also decreased significantly. This is because when excessive amounts of inorganic fillers such as silicon nitride nanowires and molybdenum disulfide are added, the physical and mechanical properties of the rubber will decline.

[0063] Compared with Comparative Example 2, the normal operation time of the oil seal in Example 1 also increased significantly. This is because after silicon nitride nanowires and molybdenum disulfide are modified by appropriate methods, they are more easily uniformly dispersed in the rubber matrix, forming a more perfect heat conduction path and a more perfect self-lubricating system. Therefore, the thermal conductivity of Example 1 increased by 12.6% compared with Comparative Example 2; at the same time, after the flaky silicon nitride nanowires are modified by appropriate methods, their interaction force with the rubber matrix is stronger. With the superposition of the above two factors, the normal operation time of the oil seal in Example 1 increased by 45.4% compared with Comparative Example 2.

[0064] Compared with Example 6, the thermal conductivity of the silicon nitride nanowires selected in Example 1 is higher than that of the silicon nitride nanoparticles because the silicon nitride nanowires are more easily form a heat conduction path in the rubber matrix. Therefore, the operation time of the oil seal also increased significantly.

[0065] For any numerical value mentioned in the present invention, if there is only a two-unit interval between any minimum value and any maximum value, then all values increasing by one unit each time from the minimum value to the maximum value are included. For example, if the amount of a component or the value of a process variable such as temperature, pressure, time, etc. is stated as 50 - 90, it means in this specification that 51 - 89, 52 - 88... as well as 69 - 71 and 70 - 71 and other numerical values are specifically listed. For non-integer values, appropriate consideration can be given to taking 0.1, 0.01, 0.001 or 0.0001 as a unit. These are only some specifically indicated examples. In this application, in a similar manner, all possible combinations of numerical values between the listed minimum value and maximum value are considered to have been disclosed.

[0066] It should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. The present invention has been described by referring to typical embodiments, but it should be understood that the words used therein are descriptive and explanatory words rather than limiting words. Modifications can be made to the present invention within the scope of the claims of the present invention as provided, and the present invention can be revised without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. Although the present invention described therein relates to specific methods, materials and embodiments, it does not mean that the present invention is limited to the specific examples disclosed therein. On the contrary, the present invention can be extended to all other methods and applications with the same functions.

Claims

1. A rubber material for high - thermal - conductivity, high - wear - resistance, and long - life oil seals, characterized in that, by weight, it comprises the following raw material components: 100 parts of rubber matrix, 35 - 40 parts of carbon black, 1 - 2 parts of modified thermal - conductive filler, 0.3 - 0.6 parts of modified self - lubricating filler, 2 parts of stearic acid, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5 - 2 parts of anti - aging agent, 2 - 4 parts of plasticizer, 1 - 2 parts of triallyl isocyanurate, and 1 - 8 parts of dicumyl peroxide; the rubber matrix includes at least one of nitrile rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, and acrylate rubber; the modified thermal - conductive filler includes the following raw materials: nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber, silicon nitride nanowires, dicumyl peroxide, and triallyl isocyanurate; the weight ratio of nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber, silicon nitride nanowires, dicumyl peroxide, and triallyl isocyanurate is 100:100 - 150:0.04 - 0.10:0.03 - 0.05; the preparation method of the modified thermal - conductive filler is as follows: shear nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber at 175 - 195 °C until the torque curve is stable, add silicon nitride nanowires, triallyl isocyanurate, and dicumyl peroxide and shear until the torque curve is stable, then discharge and cool to obtain the modified thermal - conductive filler; the modified self - lubricating filler includes the following raw materials: nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber, molybdenum disulfide, dicumyl peroxide, and triallyl isocyanurate; the weight ratio of nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber, molybdenum disulfide, dicumyl peroxide, and triallyl isocyanurate is 100:100 - 150:0.04 - 0.06:0.02 - 0.04; the preparation method of the modified self - lubricating filler is as follows: shear nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber at 175 - 195 °C until the torque curve is stable, add molybdenum disulfide, dicumyl peroxide, and triallyl isocyanurate and shear until the torque curve is stable, then discharge and cool to obtain the modified self - lubricating filler; The selection principle for nitrile rubber or hydrogenated nitrile rubber or acrylate rubber modified by silicon nitride nanowires or molybdenum disulfide is: when the raw material of the rubber raw rubber for preparing the oil seal is nitrile rubber, nitrile rubber is selected to modify silicon nitride nanowires or molybdenum disulfide; when the raw material of the rubber raw rubber for preparing the oil seal is hydrogenated nitrile rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber is selected to modify silicon nitride nanowires or molybdenum disulfide; when the raw material of the rubber raw rubber for preparing the oil seal is acrylate rubber, acrylate rubber is selected to modify silicon nitride nanowires or molybdenum disulfide.

2. The rubber material for high - thermal - conductivity, high - wear - resistance, and long - life oil seals according to claim 1, characterized in that, the carbon black includes at least one of N330, N550, or N990.

3. The rubber material for high - thermal - conductivity, high - wear - resistance, and long - life oil seals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-aging agent includes but is not limited to anti-aging agent RD, anti-aging agent 4010NA or anti-aging agent NBC.

4. A rubber material for a high thermal conductivity, high wear resistance and long life oil seal according to claim 1, characterized in that the plasticizer includes but is not limited to plasticizer NB-4, plasticizer TP-95, plasticizer TP-759.