Bridge stress detection system and simulation device using 3D scanning method

Abstract

The application discloses a bridge stress detection system and simulation device using a 3D scanning method, and relates to the technical field of engineering construction.The data acquisition module containing a 3D scanner, a high-frequency camera and an infrared imager is arranged, so that the structural change data of the bridge body under the influence of dynamic load or dynamic factors can be collected from multiple aspects; meanwhile, in the stress detection system, the data acquisition module also collects the related data of the bridge miniature model, and then compares and analyzes the data of the bridge entity, so that the analysis result is more accurate and scientific; the stress detection simulation device containing the bridge miniature model is designed, the dynamic change between the stress condition and the internal structure of the bridge is scientifically detected in the mode of model loading physical experiment, the deviation between the detection result and the actual situation is reduced to the minimum, and the accuracy of stress detection analysis is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of engineering construction technology, and in particular relates to a bridge stress detection system and simulation device using 3D scanning method. Background Technology

[0002] During bridge construction, to anticipate the structural impacts of the constructed bridge structure during construction and actual use, structural stress analysis is typically performed to mitigate potential adverse factors during construction. Existing stress detection and analysis methods usually employ finite element method (FEM) simulation. While this technology has developed rapidly and is relatively mature, the unique characteristics of bridge main girder materials and structures lead to certain deviations in simulating the mechanical properties of the main girder materials. Therefore, in practice, physical model loading tests remain the most direct and accurate method for testing the mechanical properties of bridge structures. Most mechanical studies of bridge structures utilize physical verification methods based on model tests to simulate and verify the bridge structure's construction. Furthermore, due to the complex and diverse internal structures of bridges and other structures, simply relying on drawings to reconstruct simulated bridge structural data often results in significant errors, which 3D scanning technology can avoid. Therefore, we have designed a bridge stress detection system and simulation device utilizing 3D scanning, combining existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bridge stress detection system and simulation device using a 3D scanning method, which solves the problems of existing finite element software having certain deviations in simulating the mechanical properties of main beam materials and the large errors that often occur when simply relying on drawings to reconstruct simulated bridge structural data.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] This invention relates to a bridge stress detection system utilizing 3D scanning, comprising a data acquisition module, a central control management system, and an experimental analysis module. The data acquisition module includes a 3D scanner, a high-frequency camera, and an infrared thermal imager. The central control management system includes a microcomputer, a digital-to-analog converter chip, a power supply, and a simulated water source. The experimental analysis module includes a simulation device, a concrete pouring module, and a component assembly module. The data acquisition module converts the acquired real-time structural dynamic data of the bridge into digital signals via the digital-to-analog converter chip and transmits them to the processor of the microcomputer. The microcomputer has built-in data processing software and 3D modeling software, which convert the received digital signals into digital information and display 3D model drawings.

[0006] Among the aforementioned technical features, a 3D scanner is used to scan the structural composition and inter-structural connections of the bridge; a high-frequency camera is used to capture vibration data of the bridge under dynamic loads and the influence of dynamic factors such as flowing water and strong winds; and an infrared imager is used to collect data on heat changes in the internal structure of the bridge under pressure. The combined data from these three sources comprehensively presents the structural changes of the bridge under dynamic loads or the influence of dynamic factors. Simultaneously, the bridge stress detection and analysis method employed in this technical solution involves first detecting the actual structural data of the bridge, constructing a miniature model of the bridge using this data, then applying proportionally weakened dynamic influence factors to the miniature model using an experimental analysis module, and collecting dynamic structural data from the miniature model using a data acquisition module. Finally, the microcomputer in the central control management system compares and analyzes the two sets of data from the actual bridge and the model. In practical work, high-frequency... The high-frequency camera and infrared imager can be replaced by the XTXDIC full-field strain measurement system, which can more accurately monitor the displacement changes and crack propagation of the bridge structure under loading. Specifically, the XTXDIC system continuously captures digital images and accurately measures the full-field displacement of the structural surface, thereby obtaining the full-field strain measurement response of the box girder and the crack opening, and obtaining accurate experimental data on the full-field deformation, strain, and crack width opening of the box girder during loading. Simultaneously, under the XTXDIC three-dimensional full-field strain measurement system environment, this technical solution conducts model tests on the main girder structure of the bridge. Through stress testing of model components under different load conditions, the surface morphology, displacement, and strain of the model components are measured in real time, and the stress and displacement variation laws of the main girder components are analyzed. Furthermore, the stress distribution, bearing capacity, and force transmission mechanism of the main girder components are studied to facilitate parameter evaluation of the safety and rationality of the bridge's main girder structure.

[0007] The concrete pouring module includes a concrete grouting machine, grouting molds, and connectors; the component assembly module includes a lifting machine and an argon arc welding machine. Workers, based on the bridge's digital information and 3D model drawings displayed on the microcomputer, use the concrete grouting machine, grouting molds, and connectors to build a miniature bridge model. The simulation device applies dynamic variables, including water flow, pressure, or tension, to the miniature bridge model. The data acquisition module collects and transmits the relevant structural dynamic data of the miniature bridge model to the central control management system. The microcomputer then compares and analyzes the data information of the miniature bridge model with the data information of the actual bridge structure.

[0008] A bridge stress detection simulation device using 3D scanning includes a simulation test chamber, a constant flow pump, a miniature bridge model, a load simulation shaft, and a transmission box. The simulation test chamber is a square slotted box structure. One set of extension boxes is snapped and fixed to two opposite sides, and another set of working boxes is snapped and fixed to two opposite sides. Both the working boxes and the extension boxes are connected to the simulation test chamber. One side of one working box is bolted to a flow inlet pipe, and the other side of the working box is bolted to a flow outlet pipe. A return pipe is welded between the flow outlet pipe and the flow inlet pipe, and the return pipe passes through and connects to the transmission box, surrounding the outside of the simulation test chamber. The flow inlet pipe passes through and connects to the inside of the constant flow pump and is connected to a simulated water source.

[0009] In combination with the aforementioned technical features, when using the simulation device, the constant flow pump can inject water from the simulated water source into the simulation test chamber through the injection pipe, and then discharge it through the drain pipe and return pipe and return it to the injection pipe, thereby realizing the water circulation inside the simulation test environment and avoiding resource waste.

[0010] The miniature bridge model includes beams, connecting components, tie piers, tie beams, tie cables, and support piers. Several beams and connecting components are alternately assembled to form the bridge deck structure, with the connecting components being I-shaped crossbeams positioned between adjacent beams. The support piers are bolted to the beams and the bottom plate of the simulation test box. The upper surface of the bridge deck structure at its center is bolted to the tie piers, and the tie beams are welded to opposite tie piers. The tie beams are bolted to several beams via tie cables. Several load simulation shafts are positioned between opposite tie piers, with both ends of the load simulation shafts rotatably engaged with the extension box. Load rods are slidably sleeved on the circumference of each load simulation shaft, and rolling rollers are connected to the lower rotating shafts of the load rods, with the lower edge of the rolling rollers contacting the upper surface of the bridge deck structure. The rolling rollers apply load pressure to the bridge deck structure, simulating actual traffic conditions above the bridge deck.

[0011] Several auxiliary piers are bolted and fixed between the bridge deck structure and the bottom plate of the simulation test box. Adjusting sleeves are rotatably engaged on the periphery of each auxiliary pier, and flow-limiting plate assemblies are welded to the periphery of the adjusting sleeves. Several transmission boxes are embedded in the lower surface of the simulation test box. An adjusting shaft and a driven shaft are connected to the rotating shaft on the inner surface of each transmission box. The adjusting shaft and the driven shaft are connected by a sprocket and chain to form a sprocket and chain transmission structure. The adjusting shaft is located inside the simulation test box, and adjusting worm gears are provided at both opposite ends. A driven worm wheel is welded to the lower end of the adjusting sleeve, and the adjusting worm gear meshes with the driven worm wheel. A drive motor is also bolted and fixed to the lower surface of the simulation test box. One end of the output shaft of the drive motor is mechanically connected to a drive worm gear, and the drive worm gear rotates through the transmission box. A transmission worm wheel is welded to the periphery of the driven shaft, and the transmission worm gear meshes with the drive worm gear.

[0012] In combination with the aforementioned structure, when the drive motor starts, the drive worm drives the transmission worm wheel to rotate, which in turn drives the adjustment shaft to rotate through the sprocket and chain transmission structure. This, in turn, drives the adjustment sleeve and flow limiting plate assembly to rotate through the worm wheel and worm gear transmission structure, thereby achieving flow limiting or flow obstruction of a constant water flow and allowing the water flow speed to be adjusted according to actual requirements.

[0013] Preferably, the transmission box is a shell structure, with a turbine fan connected to the rotating shaft on its inner surface, and the fluid inside the return pipe cooperates with the turbine fan; one end of the load simulation shaft is welded with a transmission wheel, and several transmission wheels are connected by a transmission belt to form a belt drive structure; one of the load simulation shafts and the rotating shaft of the turbine fan are connected by a sprocket and a chain to form a sprocket and chain drive structure, and the load simulation shaft and the load rod are connected by a threaded groove to form a reciprocating screw structure;

[0014] Combining the aforementioned structure, when the water flow in the simulation test chamber is recirculated, the water flow impacts the turbine fan and drives the load simulation shaft to rotate through the sprocket and chain transmission structure. Then, the reciprocating screw structure drives the load rod to slide back and forth along the load simulation shaft, thereby realizing the repeated rolling of the bridge deck structure by the rolling wheel.

[0015] Preferably, the load rod is a telescopic rod structure, including a fixed sleeve and a pressure rod; a pressure plate is welded to the upper surface of the pressure rod, and the pressure plate is disposed inside the fixed sleeve and a compression spring is adhered to the inner surface of the fixed sleeve; a driving block is adhered to the inner surface of the fixed sleeve, wherein the driving block is an electromagnet, the pressure plate is a permanent magnet, and the driving block and the pressure plate repel each other magnetically when the driving block is energized.

[0016] In combination with the aforementioned structure, when different magnitudes of current are applied to the drive block, it generates magnetic fields of different magnitudes, which in turn use magnetic repulsion to press down the pressure plate and pressure rod, thereby causing the rolling roller to apply different magnitudes of pressure to the bridge deck structure.

[0017] Preferably, the tension cable is a composite cable structure, including a connecting sleeve and a traction cable, with the traction cable slidably nested inside the connecting sleeve; a tension sensor is installed inside the tension beam, and one end of the connecting sleeve is welded and fixed to the tension beam; one end of the traction cable is bolted and fixed to the beam plate, and a tension spring is welded to the other end, with the tension spring welded and fixed to the tension sensor; when the miniature bridge model is affected by external dynamic factors such as water flow impact and increased load, the beam plate in the bridge deck structure simultaneously generates corresponding vibrations, thereby applying different tensions to the tension sensor using the traction cable.

[0018] Preferably, the flow-limiting plate group includes a flow-cutting plate and a flow-blocking plate, which are installed perpendicular to each other; the number of flow-limiting plate groups is four, wherein two adjacent flow-limiting plate groups are arranged laterally symmetrically at the center of the bridge deck structure, and two opposing flow-limiting plate groups are arranged longitudinally symmetrically at the center of the bridge deck structure; there is a gap between two adjacent flow-cutting plates; the flow-blocking plate has a toothed plate structure, and two opposing flow-blocking plates interlock with each other; combined with the above structure, by starting the drive motor, the flow-limiting plate group can be used to create different effects of flow-limiting or flow-blocking on a constant water flow, thereby realizing the adjustment of the water flow velocity inside the simulation test chamber.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] This invention, by setting up a data acquisition module including a 3D scanner, a high-frequency camera, and an infrared imager, can collect data on the structural changes of a bridge under dynamic loads or the influence of dynamic factors from multiple perspectives. At the same time, in this stress detection system, the data acquisition module also collects relevant data from a miniature model of the bridge, and then compares and analyzes it with the data of the actual bridge, making the analysis results more accurate and scientific.

[0021] This invention also designs a stress detection simulation device that includes a miniature bridge model. This device uses a model-loaded physical experiment to scientifically detect the stress state of the bridge and the dynamic changes between its internal structures, minimizing the deviation between the detection results and the actual situation. This significantly improves the accuracy of stress detection analysis.

[0022] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is an assembly structure diagram of a bridge stress detection simulation device using a 3D scanning method according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a top view of a bridge stress detection simulation device using a 3D scanning method according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the mid-section AA;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial view of section B;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the mid-section CC;

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial view of section E in the middle;

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A partial view of section F in the middle;

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the mid-section DD;

[0032] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A partial view of section G in the middle;

[0033] Figure 10 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of section HH;

[0034] Figure 11 for Figure 10 A partial view of section J in the middle;

[0035] Figure 12 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure in section II.

[0036] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0037] 1. Simulation test chamber; 2. Constant flow pump; 3. Load simulation shaft; 4. Transmission box; 5. Extension box; 6. Working box; 7. Injection pipe; 8. Drain pipe; 9. Return pipe; 10. Beam plate; 11. Connecting workpiece; 12. Traction block; 13. Traction beam; 14. Traction cable; 15. Support block; 16. Load bar; 17. Roller roller; 18. Auxiliary block; 19. Adjusting sleeve; 21. Transmission box; 22. Adjustment... 23. Driven shaft; 24. Adjusting worm; 25. Driven worm wheel; 26. Drive motor; 27. Drive worm; 28. Transmission worm wheel; 29. ​​Turbine fan; 30. Transmission wheel; 31. Fixed sleeve; 32. Pressure rod; 33. Pressure plate; 34. Compression spring; 35. Drive block; 36. Connecting sleeve; 37. Traction cable; 38. Tension sensor; 39. Tension spring; 40. Cut-off plate; 41. Baffle plate. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "middle," "outer," "inner," etc., which indicate orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0040] Please see Figures 1-12 As shown, this invention is a bridge stress detection system using a 3D scanning method, comprising a data acquisition module, a central control management system, and an experimental analysis module. The data acquisition module includes a 3D scanner, a high-frequency camera, and an infrared thermal imager. The central control management system includes a microcomputer, a digital-to-analog converter chip, a power supply, and a simulated water source. The experimental analysis module includes a simulation device, a concrete pouring module, and a component assembly module. The data acquisition module converts the real-time structural dynamic data of the bridge into digital signals via the digital-to-analog converter chip and transmits them to the processor of the microcomputer. The microcomputer has built-in data processing software and 3D modeling software, which convert the received digital signals into digital information and 3D model drawings for display.

[0041] Among the aforementioned technical features, a 3D scanner is used to scan the structural composition and inter-structural connections of the bridge; a high-frequency camera is used to capture vibration data of the bridge under dynamic loads and the influence of dynamic factors such as flowing water and strong winds; and an infrared imager is used to collect data on heat changes in the internal structure of the bridge under pressure. The combined data from these three sources comprehensively presents the structural changes of the bridge under dynamic loads or the influence of dynamic factors. Simultaneously, the bridge stress detection and analysis method employed in this technical solution involves first detecting the actual structural data of the bridge, constructing a miniature model of the bridge using this data, then applying proportionally weakened dynamic influence factors to the miniature model using an experimental analysis module, and collecting dynamic structural data from the miniature model using a data acquisition module. Finally, the microcomputer in the central control management system compares and analyzes the two sets of data from the actual bridge and the model. In practical work, high-frequency... The high-frequency camera and infrared imager can be replaced by the XTXDIC full-field strain measurement system, which can more accurately monitor the displacement changes and crack propagation of the bridge structure under loading. Specifically, the XTXDIC system continuously captures digital images and accurately measures the full-field displacement of the structural surface, thereby obtaining the full-field strain measurement response of the box girder and the crack opening, and obtaining accurate experimental data on the full-field deformation, strain, and crack width opening of the box girder during loading. Simultaneously, under the XTXDIC three-dimensional full-field strain measurement system environment, this technical solution conducts model tests on the main girder structure of the bridge. Through stress testing of model components under different load conditions, the surface morphology, displacement, and strain of the model components are measured in real time, and the stress and displacement variation laws of the main girder components are analyzed. Furthermore, the stress distribution, bearing capacity, and force transmission mechanism of the main girder components are studied to facilitate parameter evaluation of the safety and rationality of the bridge's main girder structure.

[0042] The concrete pouring module includes a concrete grouting machine, grouting molds, and connectors, while the component assembly module includes a lifting machine and an argon arc welding machine. Workers use the concrete grouting machine, grouting molds, and connectors to build a miniature bridge model based on digital information and 3D model drawings displayed on a microcomputer. A simulation device applies dynamic variables, including water flow, pressure, or tension, to the miniature bridge model. A data acquisition module collects and transmits the relevant structural dynamic data of the miniature bridge model to the central control management system. The microcomputer then compares and analyzes the data information from the miniature bridge model with the data information from the actual bridge structure.

[0043] A bridge stress detection simulation device using 3D scanning method includes a simulation test box 1, a constant flow pump 2, a bridge miniature model, a load simulation shaft 3, and a transmission box 4. The simulation test box 1 is a square slotted box structure. One set of extension boxes 5 are snapped and fixed to two opposite sides, and another set of working boxes 6 are snapped and fixed to two opposite sides. Both the working box 6 and the extension boxes 5 are connected to the simulation test box 1. One side of one working box 6 is bolted and connected to an injection pipe 7, and the other side of the working box 6 is bolted and connected to an exhaust pipe 8. A return pipe 9 is welded and connected between the exhaust pipe 8 and the injection pipe 7. The return pipe 9 passes through and connects to the transmission box 4 and surrounds the outside of the simulation test box 1. The injection pipe 7 passes through and connects to the inside of the constant flow pump 2 and is connected to a simulated water source.

[0044] In combination with the aforementioned technical features, when using the simulation device, the constant flow pump 2 can be activated to inject water from the simulated water source into the simulation test chamber 1 through the injection pipe 7, and then discharged through the drain pipe 8 and return pipe 9 and returned to the injection pipe 7, thereby realizing water circulation within the simulated experimental environment and avoiding resource waste.

[0045] The miniature bridge model includes beams 10, connecting components 11, tie piers 12, tie beams 13, tie cables 14, and support piers 15. Several beams 10 and connecting components 11 are alternately assembled to form the bridge deck structure. The connecting components 11 are I-shaped crossbeams positioned between adjacent beams 10. The support piers 15 are bolted to the base plate of the beams 10 and the simulation test box 1. The upper surface of the bridge deck structure at its center is bolted to the tie piers 12, and the tie beams 13 are welded to the opposite tie cables. Between piers 12; the tension beam 13 and several beams 10 are all bolted and fixed by tension cables 14; several load simulation shafts 3 are set between two opposite tension piers 12, and the opposite ends of the load simulation shafts 3 are rotatably engaged with the extension box 5; a load rod 16 is slidably sleeved on the periphery of the load simulation shaft 3, and a rolling roller 17 is connected to the lower end of the load rod 16, and the lower edge of the rolling roller 17 is in contact with the upper surface of the bridge deck structure; the rolling roller 17 is used to apply load pressure to the bridge deck structure, simulating the actual traffic conditions above the bridge deck.

[0046] Several auxiliary piers 18 are bolted and fixed between the bridge deck structure and the bottom plate of the simulation test box 1. Adjusting sleeves 19 are rotatably engaged on the circumference of the auxiliary piers 18, and flow limiting plate groups are welded to the circumference of the adjusting sleeves 19. Several transmission boxes 21 are embedded in the lower surface of the simulation test box 1. The inner surface of the transmission box 21 is connected to the rotating shaft of the adjusting shaft 22 and the driven shaft 23. The adjusting shaft 22 and the driven shaft 23 are connected to each other by a sprocket and chain to form a sprocket and chain transmission structure. The adjusting shaft 22 is located inside the simulation test box 1, and adjusting worm gears 24 are provided at both opposite ends of it. A driven worm wheel 25 is welded to the lower end of the adjusting sleeve 19, and the adjusting worm gear 24 meshes with the driven worm wheel 25. A drive motor 26 is also bolted and fixed to the lower surface of the simulation test box 1. One end of the output shaft of the drive motor 26 is mechanically connected to a drive worm gear 27, and the drive worm gear 27 rotates through the transmission box 21. A transmission worm wheel 28 is welded to the circumference of the driven shaft 23, and the transmission worm wheel 28 meshes with the drive worm gear 27.

[0047] In combination with the aforementioned structure, when the drive motor 26 starts, the drive worm 27 drives the transmission worm wheel 28 to rotate, which in turn drives the adjusting shaft 22 to rotate through the sprocket and chain transmission structure. Furthermore, the worm wheel and worm gear transmission structure drives the adjusting sleeve 19 and the flow limiting plate group to rotate, thereby achieving flow limiting or flow obstruction of constant water flow and adjusting the water flow speed according to actual requirements.

[0048] Preferably, the transmission box 4 is a shell structure, with a turbine fan 29 connected to the rotating shaft on its inner surface, and the fluid inside the return pipe 9 cooperates with the turbine fan 29; a transmission wheel 30 is welded to one end of the load simulation shaft 3, and a belt drive structure is formed between several transmission wheels 30 by installing transmission belts; a sprocket and chain drive structure is formed between one load simulation shaft 3 and the rotating shaft of the turbine fan 29 by installing sprockets and chains, and a reciprocating screw structure is formed between the load simulation shaft 3 and the load rod 16 by opening threaded grooves;

[0049] In conjunction with the aforementioned structure, when the water flow in the simulated experimental chamber 1 is recirculated, the water flow impacts the turbine fan 29 and drives the load simulation shaft 3 to rotate through the sprocket and chain transmission structure. Then, the reciprocating screw structure drives the load rod 16 to slide back and forth along the load simulation shaft 3, thereby realizing the repeated rolling of the bridge deck structure by the rolling wheel 17.

[0050] Preferably, the load rod 16 is a telescopic rod structure, including a fixed sleeve 31 and a pressure rod 32; a pressure plate 33 is welded to the upper surface of the pressure rod 32, and the pressure plate 33 is disposed inside the fixed sleeve 31, and a compression spring 34 is bonded to the inner surface of the fixed sleeve 31; a driving block 35 is bonded to the inner surface of the fixed sleeve 31, wherein the driving block 35 is an electromagnet, the pressure plate 33 is a permanent magnet, and the driving block 35 and the pressure plate 33 repel each other magnetically when the driving block 35 is energized;

[0051] In combination with the aforementioned structure, when different magnitudes of current are applied to the drive block 35, it generates magnetic fields of different magnitudes, which in turn use magnetic repulsion to press down the pressure plate 33 and the pressure rod 32, thereby causing the rolling roller 17 to apply different magnitudes of pressure to the bridge deck structure.

[0052] Preferably, the tension cable 14 is a composite cable structure, including a connecting sleeve 36 and a traction cable 37, with the traction cable 37 slidably nested inside the connecting sleeve 36; a tension sensor 38 is installed inside the tension beam 13, and one end of the connecting sleeve 36 is welded and fixed to the tension beam 13; one end of the traction cable 37 is bolted and fixed to the beam 10, and the other end is welded with a tension spring 39, which is welded and fixed to the tension sensor 38; when the miniature bridge model is affected by external dynamic factors such as water flow impact and increased load, the beam 10 in the bridge deck structure simultaneously generates corresponding vibrations, thereby applying different tensions to the tension sensor 38 using the traction cable 37.

[0053] Preferably, the flow-limiting plate group includes a flow-blocking plate 40 and a flow-restricting plate 41, which are installed perpendicular to each other; there are four groups of flow-limiting plates, in which two adjacent groups of flow-limiting plates are arranged laterally symmetrically at the center of the bridge deck structure, and two opposite groups of flow-limiting plates are arranged longitudinally symmetrically at the center of the bridge deck structure; there is a gap between two adjacent flow-blocking plates 40; the flow-restricting plate 41 has a toothed plate structure, and two opposite flow-restricting plates 41 interlock with each other; combined with the above structure, by starting the drive motor 26, the flow-limiting plate group can be used to create different effects of flow-limiting or flow-restricting on the constant water flow, thereby realizing the adjustment of the water flow velocity inside the simulation experimental chamber 1.

[0054] In conjunction with this technical solution, the complete detection and analysis steps of a bridge stress detection system utilizing 3D scanning method according to this invention include:

[0055] Step 1: Real-time dynamic structural data of the bridge is collected using a data acquisition module. This includes data on the structural composition and connections between the bridge structure, vibration data of the bridge under dynamic loads and under the influence of dynamic factors such as flowing water and strong winds, and heat change data of the internal structure of the bridge under pressure. The collected data is then converted into digital signals by a digital-to-analog converter chip and transmitted to the processor of a microcomputer. The microcomputer has built-in data processing software and 3D modeling software to convert the received digital signals into digital information and display 3D model drawings.

[0056] Step 2: Based on the structural composition and connection data of the bridge body obtained in Step 1, concrete grouting operations are carried out on the beam 10 and connecting workpiece 11 by manual operation or automated mechanical operation. Then, the bridge miniature model is assembled and built using equipment such as a lifting machine and argon arc welding machine.

[0057] Step 3: Using simulation test chamber 1, constant flow pump 2, load simulation shaft 3 and transmission box 4, different external dynamic factors are applied to the bridge miniature model. The data acquisition module is used again to collect data on the dynamic changes of its structure, which is then uploaded to the microcomputer and compared with the relevant data of the bridge entity.

[0058] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0059] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A bridge stress detection system utilizing 3D scanning, comprising a data acquisition module, a central control management system, and an experimental analysis module, characterized in that: The data acquisition module includes a 3D scanner, a high-frequency camera, and an infrared thermal imager. The central control management system includes a microcomputer, a digital-to-analog converter chip, a power supply, and a simulated water source. The experimental analysis module includes a simulation device, a concrete pouring module, and a component assembly module. The 3D scanner is used to scan the structural composition of the bridge body and the connection relationships between the structures. The high-frequency camera is used to capture the vibration data of the bridge body under dynamic loads and the influence of dynamic factors such as flowing water and strong winds. The infrared imager is used to collect the heat change data of the internal structure of the bridge body under pressure. The measurement data of the three are integrated to present the structural change data of the bridge body under dynamic loads or the influence of dynamic factors. The data acquisition module converts the real-time structural dynamic data of the bridge into digital signals through the digital-to-analog converter chip and transmits them to the processor of the microcomputer. The microcomputer has built-in data processing software and 3D modeling software to convert the received digital signals into digital information and 3D model drawings for display. The concrete pouring module includes a concrete grouting machine, grouting molds, and connectors; the component assembly module includes a lifting machine and an argon arc welding machine. Workers, based on the bridge's digital information and 3D model drawings displayed on the microcomputer, use the concrete grouting machine, grouting molds, and connectors to build a miniature bridge model. The simulation device applies dynamic variables, including water flow, pressure, or tension, to the miniature bridge model. The data acquisition module collects and transmits the relevant structural dynamic data of the miniature bridge model to the central control management system. The microcomputer then compares and analyzes the data information of the miniature bridge model with the data information of the actual bridge structure.

2. A bridge stress detection simulation device using a 3D scanning method, employing a bridge stress detection system using a 3D scanning method as described in claim 1, comprising a simulation test chamber (1), a constant flow pump (2), a bridge miniature model, a load simulation shaft (3), and a transmission box (4), characterized in that, The simulation test box (1) is a square slotted box structure. One set of extension boxes (5) are snapped and fixed on two opposite sides, and another set of working boxes (6) are snapped and fixed on two opposite sides. The working boxes (6) and extension boxes (5) are connected to the simulation test box (1). One side of one working box (6) is bolted and connected to a flow inlet pipe (7), and the other side of the working box (6) is bolted and connected to a drain pipe (8). A return pipe (9) is welded and connected between the drain pipe (8) and the flow inlet pipe (7). The return pipe (9) passes through and connects to the transmission box (4) and surrounds the outside of the simulation test box (1). The flow inlet pipe (7) passes through and connects to the inside of the constant flow pump (2) and is connected to the simulated water source. The bridge miniature model includes beams (10), connecting components (11), tie piers (12), tie beams (13), tie cables (14), and support piers (15). Several beams (10) and several connecting components (11) are alternately assembled to form the bridge deck structure. The connecting components (11) are "I"-shaped crossbeams and are set between adjacent beams (10). The support piers (15) are bolted and fixed between the beams (10) and the bottom plate of the simulation test box (1). The upper surface of the bridge deck structure at the center is bolted and fixed to the tie piers (12). The tension beam (13) is welded and fixed between two opposing tension piers (12); the tension beam (13) and several beams (10) are all bolted and fixed by tension cables (14); several load simulation shafts (3) are set between two opposing tension piers (12), and the opposite ends of the load simulation shafts (3) are rotated and engaged with the extension box (5); a load rod (16) is slidably sleeved on the periphery of the load simulation shaft (3), and a rolling wheel (17) is connected to the lower end of the load rod (16) and the lower edge of the rolling wheel (17) is in contact with the upper surface of the bridge deck structure; Several auxiliary piers (18) are bolted and fixed between the bridge deck structure and the bottom plate of the simulation test box (1). Adjustment sleeves (19) are rotatably engaged on the periphery of the auxiliary piers (18), and flow limiting plate groups are welded to the periphery of the adjustment sleeves (19). Several transmission boxes (21) are embedded in the lower surface of the simulation test box (1). An adjustment shaft (22) and a driven shaft (23) are connected to the inner surface of the transmission box (21) via a rotating shaft. The adjustment shaft (22) and the driven shaft (23) are connected by a sprocket and chain to form a sprocket and chain transmission structure. The adjustment shaft (22) is located in the simulation test box. (1) Inside, and at both opposite ends there are adjusting worm gears (24); the lower end of the adjusting sleeve (19) is welded with a driven worm wheel (25), and the adjusting worm gear (24) meshes with the driven worm wheel (25); the lower surface of the simulation experimental box (1) is also bolted and fixed with a drive motor (26), one end of the output shaft of the drive motor (26) is mechanically connected to a drive worm gear (27), and the drive worm gear (27) rotates through the transmission box (21); the peripheral side of the driven shaft (23) is welded with a transmission worm wheel (28), and the transmission worm wheel (28) meshes with the drive worm gear (27).

3. The bridge stress detection simulation device using 3D scanning method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission box (4) is a shell structure, with a turbine fan (29) connected to the rotating shaft on its inner surface, and the fluid inside the return pipe (9) cooperates with the turbine fan (29).

4. The bridge stress detection simulation device using 3D scanning method according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the load simulation shaft (3) is welded with a transmission wheel (30), and a number of transmission wheels (30) are connected by a transmission belt to form a belt drive structure; a sprocket and chain drive structure is formed between one of the load simulation shafts (3) and the rotating shaft of the turbine fan (29) by installing a sprocket and chain.

5. A bridge stress detection simulation device using a 3D scanning method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The load simulation shaft (3) and the load rod (16) are connected by a threaded groove to form a reciprocating screw structure. The load rod (16) is a telescopic rod structure, including a fixed sleeve (31) and a pressure rod (32). A pressure plate (33) is welded to the upper surface of the pressure rod (32), and the pressure plate (33) is located inside the fixed sleeve (31) and a compression spring (34) is attached to the inner surface of the fixed sleeve (31). A drive block (35) is attached to the inner surface of the fixed sleeve (31), wherein the drive block (35) is an electromagnet, the pressure plate (33) is a permanent magnet, and the drive block (35) and the pressure plate (33) are magnetically repelled when the drive block (35) is energized.

6. A bridge stress detection simulation device using a 3D scanning method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The traction cable (14) is a composite cable structure, including a connecting sleeve (36) and a traction cable (37), and the traction cable (37) is slidably nested inside the connecting sleeve (36); a tension sensor (38) is installed inside the traction beam (13), and one end of the connecting sleeve (36) is welded and fixed to the traction beam (13); one end of the traction cable (37) is bolted and fixed to the beam plate (10), and a tension spring (39) is welded to the other end, and the tension spring (39) is welded and fixed to the tension sensor (38).

7. A bridge stress detection simulation device using a 3D scanning method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The flow limiting plate group includes a flow interceptor (40) and a flow deflector (41), which are installed perpendicular to each other; the number of flow limiting plate groups is four, wherein two adjacent flow limiting plate groups are arranged symmetrically laterally at the center of the bridge deck structure, and two opposite flow limiting plate groups are arranged symmetrically longitudinally at the center of the bridge deck structure; there is a gap between two adjacent flow interceptors (40); the flow deflector (41) is a toothed plate structure, and two opposite flow deflectors (41) interlock with each other.

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