Crop state unmanned monitoring and rescue system and method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of crop monitoring, in particular to a crop state unmanned monitoring and rescue system and method, which comprises an enclosure and a plurality of supporting rods, and further comprises a controller, a sliding mechanism, a rotating mechanism, a weeding mechanism and an applying mechanism. The sliding mechanism comprises a driving assembly, a sliding frame and two guide rails. The rotating mechanism comprises a supporting plate and a rotating assembly. The applying mechanism comprises a barrel, an extrusion assembly, a storage assembly and a plurality of atomizing nozzles. The weeding mechanism comprises a lifting plate, a retracting assembly and a shearing assembly. The lifting plate is fixedly arranged on the lifting assembly. The shearing assembly is arranged at the bottom of the lifting plate. The driving assembly, the rotating assembly, the extrusion assembly, the retracting assembly, the shearing assembly, two visible light cameras and two multispectral acquisition modules are electrically connected with the controller. The crop state unmanned monitoring and rescue system and method do not need manual operation, have higher monitoring and rescue efficiency, are more accurate in monitoring and have lower cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crop monitoring technology, specifically to an unmanned crop status monitoring and rescue system and method. Background Technology

[0002] The growth of crops cannot be separated from management and maintenance. Taking care of crop growth requires taking appropriate measures such as watering, fertilizing, and spraying pesticides according to the growth stage or growth status of the crops. Therefore, it is especially important to understand the growth status of crops in a timely manner.

[0003] The existing technology has the following shortcomings:

[0004] 1. In traditional agriculture, in order to understand the growth of crops, observers have to go to the field frequently to observe, which is inefficient, inaccurate, and not convenient for data backtracking.

[0005] 2. Watering, fertilizing, and spraying pesticides all require different equipment, resulting in significant waste of manpower and resources, low efficiency, and increased monitoring and rescue costs.

[0006] 3. When weeds are found next to crops, they need to be removed manually, which is time-consuming and laborious. However, removing them directly with herbicides can easily splash onto the crops and cause damage. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an unmanned crop status monitoring and rescue system to solve the problems of high efficiency and low cost of existing monitoring and rescue methods.

[0008] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] An unmanned crop status monitoring and rescue system is provided, comprising a fence and several support poles, all of which are inserted into the soil, and the fence is fixed to the outer wall of the support poles.

[0010] It also includes a controller, a sliding mechanism, a rotating mechanism, a weeding mechanism, and an application mechanism.

[0011] The sliding mechanism is located on top of several support rods. It includes a drive assembly, a sliding frame, and two guide rails. The two guide rails are symmetrically positioned on top of the support rods. The sliding frame is slidably positioned between the two guide rails via two sliders. The drive assembly is located at one end of each guide rail. Two visible light cameras and two multispectral acquisition modules are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the sliding frame.

[0012] The rotating mechanism is mounted on the sliding frame and includes a support plate and a rotating assembly. The rotating assembly is inserted into the sliding frame, and the support plate is fixedly mounted on the top of the rotating assembly. A protective canopy is fixedly mounted on the top of the support plate.

[0013] The application mechanism is located at one end of the support plate. The application mechanism includes a material cylinder, an extrusion assembly, a storage assembly, and several atomizing nozzles. The material cylinder is fixedly located at the top of the support plate, the extrusion assembly is inserted into the top of the material cylinder, the storage assembly is located inside the material cylinder, and the several atomizing nozzles are fixedly located at the bottom of the support plate.

[0014] The weeding mechanism is located at the other end of the support plate. The weeding mechanism includes a lifting plate, a take-up and release assembly, and a shearing assembly. The take-up and release assembly is located on the top of the support plate, the lifting plate is fixed on the lifting assembly, and the shearing assembly is located at the bottom of the lifting plate. The drive assembly, rotation assembly, extrusion assembly, take-up and release assembly, shearing assembly, two visible light cameras, and two multispectral acquisition modules are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0015] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a stepper motor, a first belt, two lead screws, and two first synchronous pulleys. Each lead screw is rotatably mounted inside a guide rail, with its end passing through one end of the guide rail. The stepper motor is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of one of the guide rails, and its output end is fixedly connected to the end of one of the lead screws via a coupling. Each first synchronous pulley is fixedly mounted on the end of one of the lead screws. The first belt is sleeved between the two first synchronous pulleys. The stepper motor is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of one of the guide rails, and its output end is fixedly connected to the end of one of the lead screws via a coupling. The stepper motor is electrically connected to the controller.

[0016] Furthermore, the rotating assembly includes a first gear, a second gear, a rotating shaft, and a servo motor. The servo motor is inserted into the top of the sliding frame, the first gear is fixedly mounted on its output end, the rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the top of the sliding frame, the second gear is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, the first gear and the second gear are meshed and connected, and the first gear is smaller than the second gear. The support plate is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft, and the servo motor is electrically connected to the controller.

[0017] Furthermore, the extrusion assembly includes a first electric push rod, an extrusion plate, and an L-shaped rod. The L-shaped rod is fixedly mounted on the top of the material cylinder, the first electric push rod is inserted into the top of the L-shaped rod, and its output end passes through the material cylinder. The extrusion plate is fixedly mounted on its output end, and the first electric push rod is electrically connected to the controller.

[0018] Furthermore, the material storage assembly includes three storage tanks. Inside the cylinder, a top plate and a bottom plate are rotatably mounted via bearings. All three storage tanks are fixed between the top and bottom plates. The diameter of the extrusion plate is the same as the inner diameter of the three storage tanks. A sleeve plate is fixed between the three storage tanks. A gear ring is fixed on the outer wall of the sleeve plate. A DC motor is fixed on the top of the support plate. A third gear is fixed on its output end. The third gear meshes with the gear ring and is smaller than the gear ring. A feeding pipe is provided at the top of the cylinder. A sealing plug is inserted into the top of the feeding pipe. The DC motor is electrically connected to the controller.

[0019] Furthermore, three feed pipes are evenly spaced on the base plate, each feed pipe being aligned with the axis of a storage tank. A one-way valve is fixedly installed on the upper outer wall of each feed pipe, and a conical connector is fixedly installed at the bottom of each feed pipe. A sealing ring is fixedly installed at the top of the conical connector, and the feed pipe is inserted into the sealing ring. A flange is fixedly installed on the outer wall of each feed pipe near the one-way valve, and a telescopic spring is fitted on the outer wall of each feed pipe. The bottom of each flange and the top of each conical connector abut against the two ends of a telescopic spring. An annular groove is fixedly installed on the inner bottom of the material cylinder, and a conical groove is provided on the inner bottom of the annular groove for the bottom ends of the three conical connectors to be inserted. One of the conical connectors is inserted into the conical groove. A discharge hole is connected to the bottom of the conical groove, and a conveying pipe is fixedly installed inside the discharge hole. The conveying pipe passes through the material cylinder and the support plate, and a diversion pipe is fixedly installed at the bottom of the conveying pipe. Several atomizing nozzles are fixedly connected to the diversion pipe.

[0020] Furthermore, the take-up and unwinding assembly includes a dual-axis motor, a second belt, two second synchronous pulleys, four take-up reels, and four lifting ropes. The dual-axis motor is fixedly mounted on the top of the support plate, and a rotating rod is also provided on the top of the support plate. The four take-up reels are respectively fixed at both ends of the rotating rod and on the two output ends of the dual-axis motor. Each lifting rope is wound on the outer wall of a take-up reel. The two second synchronous pulleys are respectively fixed at one end of the rotating rod and on one output end of the dual-axis motor. The second belt is sleeved between the two second synchronous pulleys. The top of the lifting plate is fixedly connected to the ends of the four lifting ropes away from the take-up reels, and all four lifting ropes pass through the support plate. The dual-axis motor is electrically connected to the controller.

[0021] Furthermore, the shearing assembly includes a second electric push rod, a U-shaped push rod, two insert rods, and two shearing rods. The bottom of the lifting plate is provided with a hinge shaft, and both shearing rods are sleeved on the hinge shaft. The second electric push rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the lifting plate, the U-shaped push rod is fixedly installed on its output end, and both insert rods are fixedly installed at the end of the U-shaped push rod away from the second electric push rod. Both shearing rods are provided with clearance grooves at the ends near the hinge shaft, and each insert rod is inserted into a clearance groove. The second electric push rod is electrically connected to the controller.

[0022] Furthermore, a conical discharge shell is fixedly provided at the bottom of the conveying pipe. The inner bottom of the conical discharge shell is integrally formed with two inclined grooves, and each inclined groove is provided with several discharge holes at equal intervals.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0024] This invention, through the design of a controller, a sliding mechanism, two visible light cameras, and two multispectral acquisition modules, allows the two visible light cameras and two multispectral acquisition modules to slide horizontally above two field ridges via the sliding mechanism. This enables real-time monitoring of crops on the two ridges, capturing images of the crops in the soil. These crop images are then transmitted to a server via a communication module. The server uses the multispectral images and existing NDVI formulas to calculate the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), reflecting the crop's nutritional status. The images captured by the visible light cameras allow for monitoring of crop diseases, pests, and plant height. Furthermore, crop images are captured precisely according to a preset time schedule, eliminating the need for repeated on-site sampling and observation by personnel, saving manpower. The data samples obtained have better consistency in acquisition time and angle, and the recorded crop images facilitate data backtracking, thereby improving monitoring efficiency.

[0025] This invention designs an application mechanism, namely a material cylinder, an extrusion assembly, a storage assembly, and several sprinklers. The material cylinder has three equally spaced storage tanks. A DC motor, a third gear, and a gear ring are designed to drive the three storage tanks to rotate, allowing them to switch positions. The three storage tanks are designed to store more water, ensuring sufficient water for a single replenishment. When the water in one storage tank is depleted, the controller starts the DC motor, causing its output to drive the third gear to rotate. Since the three storage tanks are fixedly connected by a sleeve plate, and the three storage tanks are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the material cylinder via a bottom plate and a top plate, and the sleeve plate is fixedly connected to the gear ring, the third gear meshes with the gear ring, thus driving the sleeve plate to rotate. This allows the next full storage tank to switch positions with the depleted tank, continuing to replenish water to the crops.

[0026] The three storage tanks can also be used to store different types of pesticides. By taking pictures of crops, it can be determined which type of pesticide the crops need to be supplemented with, such as any three pesticides, such as insecticides, acaricides, rodenticides, nematicides, molluscicides, fungicides, or plant growth regulators, without setting any settings, so as to supplement the corresponding pesticides to ensure the scientific and healthy growth of crops, prevent yield reduction, and help increase the income of growers.

[0027] Simultaneously, through the design of the second embodiment, namely the conical discharge shell, three storage tanks can store different types of fertilizers. By monitoring the crop's nutritional status, it can be determined whether the crop is deficient in a certain nutrient element, thereby supplementing it with the corresponding fertilizer. The conical discharge shell can first concentrate and accumulate the fertilizer falling from the conveying pipe, and then allow the fertilizer to flow from the center of the conical discharge shell to both sides through two inclined chute, finally dispersing it from several discharge holes. This achieves fertilization of the crop, prevents fertilizer from accumulating in one place on the field ridge, increases the fertilization area, reduces fertilization time, and thus improves fertilization efficiency. The system can be configured to improve efficiency, with two storage tanks containing two types of fertilizer and the other containing micronutrient fertilizer. This allows for the simultaneous application of micronutrient fertilizer while applying regular fertilizer, enhancing crop resistance to lodging, increasing yield, and preventing losses. Compared to existing technologies, this system offers multi-purpose functionality, facilitating irrigation, fertilization, pest control, and weeding on both ridges. It is fast-adjusting and more flexible, significantly improving the system's monitoring and rescue efficiency while saving manpower and resources, thus reducing the cost of crop monitoring and rescue.

[0028] This invention designs a weeding mechanism consisting of a lifting plate, a retractable assembly, and a shearing assembly. When weeds are detected near the crop, the controller cuts off the power to the stepper motor, stopping the sliding frame. Then, the controller starts the dual-axis motor, causing the lifting plate to descend towards the top of the ridge. When the lifting plate approaches the weed roots, the controller cuts off the power to the dual-axis motor, stopping the descent. Then, the controller starts the second electric push rod, extending its output end away from the second gear. This causes the two U-shaped push rods to move against the clearance groove, causing the two shearing rods to rotate in opposite directions around the hinge axis. This brings the two shearing rods closer together, cutting the weeds at the roots, thus achieving weed control. This avoids the need for indiscriminate herbicide spraying, effectively reducing crop dependence on chemical pesticides and their side effects. It also avoids splash damage to crops during herbicide spraying, protecting the crops.

[0029] This invention designs a rotating mechanism that allows two visible light cameras and two multispectral acquisition modules to slide horizontally above two ridges during the horizontal sliding of the sliding frame. This enables real-time monitoring of the crops on the two ridges. By activating a servo motor through a controller, the support plate can be rotated, allowing the positions of the application mechanism and the weeding mechanism to be switched. This facilitates the rapid implementation of watering, fertilization, pest control, and weeding for different conditions of the crops on the two ridges, saving monitoring and rescue time. This further improves the monitoring and rescue efficiency of the system and greatly enhances its practicality and flexibility.

[0030] This invention, through the design of a one-way valve for the discharge pipe, a conical connector, a sealing ring, a flange, a telescopic spring, an annular groove, a conical groove, and a discharge hole, ensures that when each storage tank is rotated into place, the discharge pipe at its bottom and the conical connector at the bottom of the discharge pipe can be inserted into the conical groove within the annular groove. This ensures that the medium in the storage tank can effectively fall into the delivery pipe. The sealing ring design prevents leakage when the conical connector slides along the outer wall of the discharge pipe, thereby improving delivery efficiency. At the same time, it avoids waste and leakage contamination of the inside of the material cylinder, thus eliminating the need for frequent cleaning of the material cylinder within the system, reducing the cleaning burden, improving maintenance efficiency, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0031] This invention designs a fence and several support rods. The fence can be made of plastic film or nylon netting, and the support rods can be made of steel pipes, wooden stakes, or other materials. The support rods are fixedly connected to the ground by anchoring or plugging. Two guide rails are symmetrically designed on the top of the support rods, and the system is then erected. Two visible light cameras and two multispectral acquisition modules monitor and rescue crops by sliding. Compared with manual monitoring, the field of view is clearer and less prone to omissions, improving the accuracy of monitoring. At the same time, this design makes the system reasonable and feasible. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the image;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention without the protective canopy;

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the image;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom three-dimensional structure of the lifting plate and sliding frame of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point C in the image;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the material cylinder, storage tank, feed pipe, conical joint, bottom plate, and top plate of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of point D in the image;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a planar sectional view of the conical feed shell of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Enlarged view of point E in the image;

[0043] In the picture:

[0044] Fence 1,

[0045] Support rod 2,

[0046] Sliding mechanism 3, drive assembly 30, stepper motor 300, first belt 301, lead screw 302, first synchronous pulley 303

[0047] Sliding frame 31, slider 310, visible light camera 311, multispectral acquisition module 312.

[0048] Guide rail 32,

[0049] Rotating mechanism 4, support plate 40, protective canopy 400, DC motor 401, third gear 402, rotating rod 403.

[0050] Rotating assembly 41, first gear 410, second gear 411, rotating shaft 412, servo motor 413

[0051] Weeding mechanism 5, lifting platform 50,

[0052] The components include: a take-up / unwind assembly 51, a dual-shaft motor 510, a second belt 511, a second synchronous pulley 512, a take-up reel 513, and a lifting rope 514.

[0053] Shearing assembly 52, second electric actuator 520, U-shaped actuator 521, insert rod 522, shearing rod 523, clearance groove 524.

[0054] Application mechanism 6, material cylinder 60, top plate 600, bottom plate 601, gear ring 602, feeding pipe 603, discharging pipe 604, one-way valve 605, conical joint 606, sealing ring 607, flange 608, telescopic spring 609, annular groove 6090, conical groove 6091, discharge hole 6092, conveying pipe 6093, diversion pipe 6094.

[0055] Extrusion assembly 61, first electric push rod 610, extrusion plate 611, L-shaped rod 612.

[0056] Storage assembly 62, storage tank 620,

[0057] Shower head 63,

[0058] Conical discharge shell 630, inclined groove 631, discharge hole 632. Implementation

[0059] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0060] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual images. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. Example

[0061] This invention provides a technical solution, referring to Figures 1 to 10 As shown in the figure, an unmanned crop condition monitoring and rescue system includes a fence 1 and several support rods 2. The support rods 2 are all inserted into the soil, and the fence 1 is fixed to the outer wall of the support rods 2.

[0062] It also includes a controller, a sliding mechanism 3, a rotating mechanism 4, a weeding mechanism 5, and an application mechanism 6.

[0063] The sliding mechanism 3 is located on top of several support rods 2. The sliding mechanism 3 includes a drive assembly 30, a sliding frame 31, and two guide rails 32. The two guide rails 32 are symmetrically arranged on top of several support rods 2. The sliding frame 31 is slidably positioned between the two guide rails 32 via two sliders 310. The drive assembly 30 is located at one end of the two guide rails 32. Two visible light cameras 311 and two multispectral acquisition modules 312 are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the sliding frame 31.

[0064] The rotating mechanism 4 is mounted on the sliding frame 31. The rotating mechanism 4 includes a support plate 40 and a rotating assembly 41. The rotating assembly 41 is inserted into the sliding frame 31. The support plate 40 is fixedly mounted on the top of the rotating assembly 41. A protective canopy 400 is fixedly mounted on the top of the support plate 40. The protective canopy 400 mainly serves to shield against rain, preventing rainwater from falling onto the third gear 402 and the retraction assembly 51 and causing corrosion, thus providing protection.

[0065] The application mechanism 6 is located at one end of the support plate 40. The application mechanism 6 includes a material cylinder 60, an extrusion assembly 61, a material storage assembly 62, and several spray nozzles 63. The material cylinder 60 is fixedly installed on the top of the support plate 40, the extrusion assembly 61 is inserted into the top of the material cylinder, the material storage assembly 62 is located inside the material cylinder, and the several spray nozzles 63 are all fixedly installed on the bottom of the support plate 40.

[0066] The weeding mechanism 5 is located at the other end of the support plate 40. The weeding mechanism 5 includes a lifting plate 50, a take-up and release assembly 51, and a shearing assembly 52. ​​The take-up and release assembly 51 is located on the top of the support plate 40. The lifting plate 50 is fixedly mounted on the lifting assembly. The shearing assembly 52 is located at the bottom of the lifting plate 50. The drive assembly 30, the rotation assembly 41, the squeezing assembly 61, the take-up and release assembly 51, the shearing assembly 52, the two visible light cameras 311, and the two multispectral acquisition modules 312 are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0067] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the drive assembly 30 includes a stepper motor 300, a first belt 301, two lead screws 302, and two first synchronous pulleys 303. Each lead screw 302 is rotatably mounted inside a guide rail 32, with its end passing through one end of the guide rail 32. Each lead screw 302 is threadedly connected to a slider 310. Each first synchronous pulley 303 is fixedly mounted on the end of one lead screw 302. The first belt 301 is sleeved between the two first synchronous pulleys 303. The stepper motor 300 is fixedly mounted on one of the guide rails. On the outer wall of the guide rail 32, its output end is fixedly connected to the end of one of the lead screws 302 via a coupling. The stepper motor 300 is electrically connected to the controller. This system also includes a communication module and a server. The communication module is electrically connected to the server. During monitoring, the stepper motor 300 is started by the controller. Since its output end is fixedly connected to the end of one of the lead screws 302, each lead screw 302 is rotatably connected to a guide rail 32. Each first synchronous pulley 303 is fixedly connected to the end of a lead screw 302. Two first synchronous pulleys 303 are connected to the end of a guide rail 32. The step wheel 303 is connected to the first belt 301. The sliding frame 31 is slidably connected to the two guide rails 32 via two sliders 310. Each slider 310 is threadedly connected to a lead screw 302, thereby driving the sliding frame 31 to slide horizontally between the two guide rails 32. This causes the two visible light cameras 311 and the two multispectral acquisition modules 312 to slide horizontally above the two field ridges, thus monitoring the crops on the two field ridges in real time, capturing images of the crops on the soil ridges, and then transmitting the crop images to the server through the communication module. The server can calculate the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) using the multispectral images and the existing NDVI formula, thereby reflecting the nutritional status of the crops. The server uses the images captured by the visible light cameras 311 to monitor crop diseases, pests, or plant height. Moreover, the crop images can be captured accurately according to the preset time rules, eliminating the need for observers to repeatedly conduct on-site sampling and observation, saving manpower. The data samples obtained have better consistency in acquisition time and acquisition angle, and the recorded crop images facilitate data backtracking.

[0068] Reference Figure 4As shown, the rotating assembly 41 includes a first gear 410, a second gear 411, a rotating shaft 412, and a servo motor 413. The servo motor 413 is inserted into the top of the sliding frame 31. The first gear 410 is fixedly mounted on its output end. The rotating shaft 412 is rotatably mounted on the top of the sliding frame 31. The second gear 411 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 412. The first gear 410 and the second gear 411 are meshed together, and the first gear 410 is smaller than the second gear 411. The support plate 40 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft 412. The servo motor 413 is electrically connected to the controller. When the sliding frame 31 slides horizontally, the two visible light cameras 311 and the two multispectral sensors... The module 312 slides horizontally above the two ridges to monitor the crops on the two ridges in real time. The controller starts the servo motor 413, which drives the first gear 410 on its output end to rotate. Since the second gear 411 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 412, the first gear 410 and the second gear 411 are meshed together. The support plate 40 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft 412, which can drive the support plate 40 to rotate, realizing the switching of the positions of the application mechanism 6 and the weeding mechanism 5. This makes it convenient to carry out watering, fertilization, pest control and weeding on the crops on both ridges. The adjustment speed is fast and more flexible, which greatly improves the monitoring and rescue efficiency of this system.

[0069] Reference Figure 7 As shown, the extrusion assembly 61 includes a first electric push rod 610, an extrusion plate 611, and an L-shaped rod 612. The L-shaped rod 612 is fixedly mounted on the top of the material cylinder 60. The first electric push rod 610 is inserted into the top of the L-shaped rod 612, and its output end passes through the material cylinder 60. The extrusion plate 611 is fixedly mounted on its output end. The first electric push rod 610 is electrically connected to the controller. When the captured image shows a withered and shriveled state, it indicates that the crop is short of water. The controller activates the first electric push rod 610, causing its output end to extend downwards and drive the extrusion plate 611 to extrude towards the inside of the storage tank 620.

[0070] Reference Figure 7As shown, the storage assembly 62 includes three storage tanks 620. Inside the material cylinder 60, a top plate 600 and a bottom plate 601 are rotatably mounted via bearings. All three storage tanks 620 are fixed between the top plate 600 and the bottom plate 601. The diameter of the extrusion plate 611 is the same as the inner diameter of all three storage tanks 620. A sleeve plate is fixed between the three storage tanks 620. A gear ring 602 is fixed on the outer wall of the sleeve plate. A DC motor 401 is fixed on the top of the support plate 40, and a third gear 402 is fixed on its output end. The third gear 402 meshes with the gear ring 602. Connecting the gears, the third gear 402 is smaller than the gear ring 602. A feed pipe 603 is provided at the top of the material cylinder 60, facilitating the addition of water and chemicals to the three storage tanks 620 inside the cylinder. A sealing plug is inserted at the top of the feed pipe 603. The DC motor 401 is electrically connected to the controller. When the extrusion plate 611 extrudes towards the inside of the storage tank 620, initially, one storage tank 620 is aligned with one extrusion plate 611. The diameter of the extrusion plate 611 is consistent with the inner diameter of all three storage tanks 620, thus allowing water in the storage tanks 620 to flow into the storage tanks. The bottom of tank 620 is squeezed, and the one-way valve 605 opens under water pressure, allowing water to enter the conveying pipe 6093 from the discharge pipe 604 below the storage tank 620. Since the bottom of the conveying pipe 6093 is fixedly connected to the branch pipe 6094, and several sprinklers 63 are also fixedly connected to the branch pipe 6094, water is sprayed from the sprinklers 63 to irrigate the crops. This eliminates the need for manual watering, saving labor costs and effort, and improving rescue efficiency. The design of three storage tanks 620 is to store more water and ensure... It can meet the water replenishment volume for a single time. When the water in a storage tank 620 is exhausted, the DC motor 401 is started by the controller, so that its output end drives the third gear 402 to rotate. Since the three storage tanks 620 are fixedly connected by a sleeve plate, the three storage tanks 620 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the material cylinder 60 through the bottom plate 601 and the top. The sleeve plate is also fixedly connected to the gear ring 602. The third gear 402 meshes with the gear ring 602, thereby driving the sleeve plate to rotate, so that the next storage tank 620 filled with water is swapped with the storage tank 620 that is exhausted, and then water is replenished to the crop.

[0071] Reference Figure 8As shown, three feed pipes 604 are evenly spaced on the base plate 601. Each feed pipe 604 is aligned with the axis of a storage tank 620. A one-way valve 605 is fixedly installed on the upper outer wall of each feed pipe 604. A conical connector 606 is fixedly installed at the bottom of each feed pipe 604. A sealing ring 607 is fixedly installed at the top of the conical connector 606. The feed pipe 604 is inserted into the sealing ring 607. A flange 608 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the end of each feed pipe 604 near the one-way valve 605. A telescopic spring 609 is sleeved on the outer wall of each feed pipe 604. The bottom of each flange 608 and the top of each conical connector 606 are connected to the flange 604. All of them abut against the two ends of a telescopic spring 609. An annular groove 6090 is fixedly provided on the inner bottom of the material cylinder 60. A conical groove 6091 is provided on the inner bottom of the annular groove 6090 for the bottom ends of three conical connectors 606 to be inserted. One of the conical connectors 606 is inserted into the conical groove 6091. A discharge hole 6092 is provided below the conical groove 6091. A conveying pipe 6093 is fixedly provided inside the discharge hole 6092. The conveying pipe 6093 passes through the material cylinder 60 and the support plate 40. A diverter pipe 6094 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the conveying pipe 6093. Several shower heads 63 are fixedly connected to the diverter pipe 6094. When the gear ring 602 rotates, it drives the three When the storage tank 620 rotates, the three discharge pipes 604 rotate accordingly. Under the action of the telescopic spring 609, the conical joint 606 below the storage tank 620 in its initial position slides upward on the outer wall of the discharge pipe 604, causing the conical joint 606 to disengage from the conical groove 6091. When the conical joint 606 below the next storage tank 620 slides to be aligned with the axis of the conical groove 6091, the telescopic spring 609 resets, causing the conical joint 606 to insert into the conical groove and firmly abut against the conical groove 6091. This facilitates the sequential delivery of water through the discharge pipe 604, conical joint 606, discharge hole 6092, and conveying pipe 6093 to the diversion point. Inside pipe 6094, the sealing ring 607 is designed to prevent leakage when the conical joint 606 slides along the outer wall of the feed pipe 604, thereby improving conveying efficiency and avoiding waste and leakage that could contaminate the inside of the feed cylinder 60. It should be noted that the three storage tanks 620 can also be used to store different types of pesticides. By taking pictures of the crop, it can be determined which type of pesticide the crop needs to be supplemented with, such as any three pesticides, without setting a specific type, such as insecticides, acaricides, rodenticides, nematicides, molluscicides, fungicides, or plant growth regulators. This allows for the supplementation of the appropriate pesticides to ensure the scientific and healthy growth of the crop, prevent yield reduction, and help increase the income of growers.

[0072] Reference Figure 4As shown, the take-up and unwind assembly 51 includes a dual-axis motor 510, a second belt 511, two second synchronous pulleys 512, four take-up reels 513, and four lifting ropes 514. The dual-axis motor 510 is fixedly mounted on the top of the support plate 40. A rotating rod 403 is also provided on the top of the support plate 40. The four take-up reels 513 are respectively fixed at both ends of the rotating rod 403 and at the two output ends of the dual-axis motor 510. Each lifting rope 514 is wound on the outer wall of a take-up reel 513. The two second synchronous pulleys 512 are respectively fixed at one end of the rotating rod 403 and at one output end of the dual-axis motor 510. The second belt 511 is sleeved between the two second synchronous pulleys 512. The top of the lifting plate 50 is fixedly connected to the ends of the four lifting ropes 514 away from the take-up reels 513. All 14 pass through the support plate 40. The dual-axis motor 510 is electrically connected to the controller. When weeds are detected next to the crops, the controller first cuts off the power to the stepper motor 300 to stop the sliding of the sliding frame 31. Then, the controller starts the dual-axis motor 510. Since the four take-up reels 513 are fixedly connected to the two ends of the rotating rod 403 and the two output ends of the dual-axis motor 510 respectively, each hanging rope 514 is wound and connected to the outer wall of a take-up reel 513. The two synchronous pulleys are fixedly connected to one end of the rotating rod 403 and one output end of the dual-axis motor 510 respectively. The two second synchronous pulleys 512 are sleeved through the second belt 511. The top of the lifting plate 50 is fixedly connected to the ends of the four hanging ropes 514 away from the take-up reels 513, thereby driving the lifting plate 50 to descend towards the top of the field ridge.

[0073] Reference Figure 6As shown, the shearing assembly 52 includes a second electric push rod 520, a U-shaped push rod 521, two insert rods 522, and two shearing rods 523. The bottom of the lifting plate 50 is provided with a hinge shaft, and both shearing rods 523 are sleeved on the hinge shaft. The second electric push rod 520 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the lifting plate 50, and the U-shaped push rod 521 is fixedly installed on its output end. Both insert rods 522 are fixedly installed at the end of the U-shaped push rod 521 away from the second electric push rod 520. Each shearing rod 523 has a clearance groove 524 at the end near the hinge shaft, and each insert rod 522 is inserted into one clearance groove 524. The second electric push rod 520 is electrically connected to the controller. When the lifting plate 50 descends towards the top of the ridge and approaches the roots of the weeds, the dual-axis motor 510 is de-energized by the controller, stopping the descent of the lifting plate 50. Then, the controller... The device activates the second electric actuator 520, causing its output end to extend away from the second gear 411. Since its output end is fixedly connected to the U-shaped actuator 521, each insert rod 522 is fixedly connected to the end of the U-shaped actuator 521 away from the second electric actuator 520. Each shearing rod 523 is sleeved with the hinge shaft. Both shearing rods 523 have a clearance groove 524 designed at the end near the hinge shaft. Each insert rod 522 is inserted into a clearance groove 524. As a result, when the two U-shaped actuators 521 are pushed, the resistance generated by the clearance grooves 524 causes the two shearing rods 523 to rotate towards each other around the hinge shaft. This causes the two shearing rods 523 to move closer to each other, cutting the weeds from the root, thus achieving weed control. This avoids the need to spray herbicides and can effectively reduce dependence on chemical pesticides and their side effects.

[0074] A method for an unmanned crop status monitoring and rescue system includes the following steps:

[0075] S1: Real-time monitoring of crops:

[0076] This system also includes a communication module and a server. The communication module is electrically connected to the server. During monitoring, the stepper motor 300 is started by the controller. Its output end is fixedly connected to the end of one of the lead screws 302. Each lead screw 302 is rotatably connected to a guide rail 32. Each first synchronous pulley 303 is fixedly connected to the end of one lead screw 302. The two first synchronous pulleys 303 are connected by a first belt 301. The sliding frame 31 is slidably connected to the two guide rails 32 via two sliders 310. Each slider 310 is threadedly connected to one lead screw 302, thereby causing the sliding frame 31 to slide horizontally between the two guide rails 32, driving the two visible light cameras 311 and the two multispectral acquisition modules 3. The 12-axis slides horizontally above two ridges, thus monitoring the crops on the ridges in real time, capturing images of the crops on the soil ridges, and then transmitting the crop images to the server via the communication module. The server can calculate the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) using multispectral images and existing NDVI formulas, thereby reflecting the nutritional status of the crops. The server uses images captured by the visible light camera 311 to monitor crop diseases, pests, or plant height. Moreover, crop images can be captured precisely according to preset time rules, eliminating the need for observers to repeatedly conduct on-site sampling and observation, saving manpower, and ensuring better consistency in the collection time and angle of the obtained data samples. Recording crop images facilitates data backtracking.

[0077] S2: Rescue for Multiple Types of Crop Problems:

[0078] When the captured image shows a withered and shrunken state, it indicates that the crop is short of water. The controller activates the first electric push rod 610, causing its output end to extend downwards and drive the extrusion plate 611 to extrude into the storage tank 620.

[0079] When the extrusion plate 611 presses towards the inside of the storage tank 620, in the initial state, one of the storage tanks 620 is aligned with one of the extrusion plates 611. The diameter of the extrusion plate 611 is the same as the inner diameter of all three storage tanks 620. This causes the water in the storage tank 620 to be squeezed towards the bottom of the storage tank 620. The one-way valve 605 opens under the water pressure, allowing water to enter the conveying pipe 6093 from the discharge pipe 604 below the storage tank 620. Since the bottom of the conveying pipe 6093 is fixedly connected to the diversion pipe 6094, and several sprinklers 63 are also fixedly connected to the diversion pipe 6094, water is sprayed from the sprinklers 63 to irrigate the crops without the need for manual watering. To save labor costs and reduce workload, while improving rescue efficiency, three storage tanks 620 are designed to store more water and ensure sufficient water for each replenishment. When the water in one storage tank 620 is exhausted, the controller starts the DC motor 401, which drives the third gear 402 to rotate. Since the three storage tanks 620 are fixedly connected by a sleeve plate, and the three storage tanks 620 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the material cylinder 60 through the bottom plate 601 and the top, and the sleeve plate is fixedly connected to the gear ring 602, the third gear 402 meshes with the gear ring 602, thereby driving the sleeve plate to rotate, so that the next full storage tank 620 is swapped with the depleted storage tank 620, and then water is replenished to the crops.

[0080] When the gear ring 602 rotates, causing the three storage tanks 620 to rotate, the three discharge pipes 604 rotate accordingly. Under the action of the telescopic spring 609, the conical joint 606 below the storage tank 620 in its initial position slides upward on the outer wall of the discharge pipe 604, causing the conical joint 606 to disengage from the conical groove 6091. When the conical joint 606 below the next storage tank 620 slides to be aligned with the axis of the conical groove 6091, the telescopic spring 609 resets, causing the conical joint 606 to insert into the conical groove and firmly abut against the conical groove 6091. This facilitates the sequential flow of water through the discharge pipe 604, conical joint 606, discharge hole 6092, and conveying pipe 609. 3. The material is conveyed to the inside of the diversion pipe 6094. The sealing ring 607 is designed to prevent leakage when the conical joint 606 slides along the outer wall of the discharge pipe 604, thereby improving the conveying efficiency and avoiding waste and leakage of liquid contamination inside the material cylinder 60. It should be noted that the three storage tanks 620 can also be used to store different types of pesticides. By taking pictures of the crop, it can be determined which type of pesticide the crop needs to be supplemented. For example, any three pesticides such as insecticides, acaricides, rodenticides, nematicides, molluscicides, fungicides, or plant growth regulators can be supplemented without setting any specific pesticides, thereby ensuring the scientific and healthy growth of the crop, preventing yield reduction, and helping to increase the income of growers.

[0081] S3: Quick Weed Clearing:

[0082] When weeds are detected near the crops, the controller first cuts off the power to the stepper motor 300, stopping the sliding of the sliding frame 31. Then, the controller starts the dual-axis motor 510. Since the four take-up reels 513 are fixedly connected to both ends of the rotating rod 403 and the two output ends of the dual-axis motor 510 respectively, and each suspension rope 514 is wound and connected to the outer wall of a take-up reel 513, the two synchronous pulleys are fixedly connected to one end of the rotating rod 403 and one output end of the dual-axis motor 510 respectively, and the two second synchronous pulleys 512 are sleeved through the second belt 511. The top of the lifting plate 50 is fixedly connected to the ends of the four suspension ropes 514 away from the take-up reels 513, thereby driving the lifting plate 50 to descend towards the top of the field ridge.

[0083] When the lifting plate 50 descends towards the top of the field ridge and approaches the roots of the weeds, the dual-axis motor 510 is powered off by the controller to stop the descent of the lifting plate 50. Then, the second electric actuator 520 is activated by the controller, causing its output end to extend away from the second gear 411. Since its output end is fixedly connected to the U-shaped actuator 521, each insert rod 522 is fixedly connected to the end of the U-shaped actuator 521 away from the second electric actuator 521. Each shearing rod 523 is sleeved with the hinge shaft, and the two shears... Each cutting rod 523 has a clearance groove 524 at one end near the hinge shaft. Each insert rod 522 is inserted into a clearance groove 524. When the two U-shaped push rods 521 are pushed, the resistance generated by the clearance grooves 524 causes the two cutting rods 523 to rotate towards each other around the hinge shaft. This brings the two cutting rods 523 closer together, cutting the weeds from the root and achieving weed control. This avoids the need to spray herbicides and can effectively reduce dependence on chemical pesticides and their side effects.

[0084] S4: The positions of the application mechanism and the weeding mechanism are swapped:

[0085] When the sliding frame 31 slides horizontally, two visible light cameras 311 and two multispectral acquisition modules 312 slide horizontally above the two ridges to monitor the crops on the two ridges in real time. The controller starts the servo motor 413, which drives the first gear 410 on its output end to rotate. Since the second gear 411 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 412, the first gear 410 and the second gear 411 are meshed together. The support plate 40 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft 412, which can drive the support plate 40 to rotate, realizing the switching of the positions of the application mechanism 6 and the weeding mechanism 5. This makes it convenient to carry out watering, fertilization, pest control and weeding work on the crops on both ridges. The adjustment speed is fast and more flexible, which greatly improves the monitoring and rescue efficiency of this system.

[0086] Working Principle: This system also includes a communication module and a server. The communication module is electrically connected to the server. During monitoring, the stepper motor 300 is started by the controller. Its output end is fixedly connected to the end of one of the lead screws 302. Each lead screw 302 is rotatably connected to a guide rail 32. Each first synchronous pulley 303 is fixedly connected to the end of one lead screw 302. The two first synchronous pulleys 303 are connected by a first belt 301. The sliding frame 31 is slidably connected to the two guide rails 32 via two sliders 310. Each slider 310 is threadedly connected to a lead screw 302, thereby causing the sliding frame 31 to slide horizontally between the two guide rails 32, driving the two visible light cameras 311 and the two multispectral acquisition modules. Block 312 slides horizontally above the two ridges, thus monitoring the crops on the ridges in real time, capturing images of the crops on the soil ridges, and then transmitting the crop images to the server through the communication module. The server can calculate the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) using multispectral images and existing NDVI formulas, thereby reflecting the nutritional status of the crops. The server uses images captured by the visible light camera 311 to monitor crop diseases, pests, or plant height. Moreover, crop images can be captured accurately according to preset time rules, eliminating the need for observers to repeatedly conduct on-site sampling and observation, saving manpower, and ensuring better consistency in the collection time and angle of the obtained data samples. Recording crop images facilitates data backtracking.

[0087] When the captured image shows a withered and shrunken state, it indicates that the crop is short of water. The controller activates the first electric push rod 610, causing its output end to extend downwards and drive the extrusion plate 611 to extrude into the storage tank 620.

[0088] When the extrusion plate 611 presses towards the inside of the storage tank 620, in the initial state, one of the storage tanks 620 is aligned with one of the extrusion plates 611. The diameter of the extrusion plate 611 is the same as the inner diameter of all three storage tanks 620. This causes the water in the storage tank 620 to be squeezed towards the bottom of the storage tank 620. The one-way valve 605 opens under the water pressure, allowing water to enter the conveying pipe 6093 from the discharge pipe 604 below the storage tank 620. Since the bottom of the conveying pipe 6093 is fixedly connected to the diversion pipe 6094, and several sprinklers 63 are also fixedly connected to the diversion pipe 6094, water is sprayed from the sprinklers 63 to irrigate the crops without the need for manual watering. To save labor costs and reduce workload, while improving rescue efficiency, three storage tanks 620 are designed to store more water and ensure sufficient water for each replenishment. When the water in one storage tank 620 is exhausted, the controller starts the DC motor 401, which drives the third gear 402 to rotate. Since the three storage tanks 620 are fixedly connected by a sleeve plate, and the three storage tanks 620 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the material cylinder 60 through the bottom plate 601 and the top, and the sleeve plate is fixedly connected to the gear ring 602, the third gear 402 meshes with the gear ring 602, thereby driving the sleeve plate to rotate, so that the next full storage tank 620 is swapped with the depleted storage tank 620, and then water is replenished to the crops.

[0089] When the gear ring 602 rotates, causing the three storage tanks 620 to rotate, the three discharge pipes 604 rotate accordingly. Under the action of the telescopic spring 609, the conical joint 606 below the storage tank 620 in its initial position slides upward on the outer wall of the discharge pipe 604, causing the conical joint 606 to disengage from the conical groove 6091. When the conical joint 606 below the next storage tank 620 slides to be aligned with the axis of the conical groove 6091, the telescopic spring 609 resets, causing the conical joint 606 to insert into the conical groove and firmly abut against the conical groove 6091. This facilitates the sequential flow of water through the discharge pipe 604, conical joint 606, discharge hole 6092, and conveying pipe 609. 3. The material is conveyed to the inside of the diversion pipe 6094. The sealing ring 607 is designed to prevent leakage when the conical joint 606 slides along the outer wall of the discharge pipe 604, thereby improving the conveying efficiency and avoiding waste and leakage of liquid contamination inside the material cylinder 60. It should be noted that the three storage tanks 620 can also be used to store different types of pesticides. By taking pictures of the crop, it can be determined which type of pesticide the crop needs to be supplemented. For example, any three pesticides such as insecticides, acaricides, rodenticides, nematicides, molluscicides, fungicides, or plant growth regulators can be supplemented without setting any specific pesticides, thereby ensuring the scientific and healthy growth of the crop, preventing yield reduction, and helping to increase the income of growers.

[0090] When weeds are detected near the crops, the controller first cuts off the power to the stepper motor 300, stopping the sliding of the sliding frame 31. Then, the controller starts the dual-axis motor 510. Since the four take-up reels 513 are fixedly connected to both ends of the rotating rod 403 and the two output ends of the dual-axis motor 510 respectively, and each suspension rope 514 is wound and connected to the outer wall of a take-up reel 513, the two synchronous pulleys are fixedly connected to one end of the rotating rod 403 and one output end of the dual-axis motor 510 respectively, and the two second synchronous pulleys 512 are sleeved through the second belt 511. The top of the lifting plate 50 is fixedly connected to the ends of the four suspension ropes 514 away from the take-up reels 513, thereby driving the lifting plate 50 to descend towards the top of the field ridge.

[0091] When the lifting plate 50 descends towards the top of the field ridge and approaches the roots of the weeds, the dual-axis motor 510 is powered off by the controller to stop the descent of the lifting plate 50. Then, the second electric actuator 520 is activated by the controller, causing its output end to extend away from the second gear 411. Since its output end is fixedly connected to the U-shaped actuator 521, each insert rod 522 is fixedly connected to the end of the U-shaped actuator 521 away from the second electric actuator 521. Each shearing rod 523 is sleeved with the hinge shaft, and the two shears... Each cutting rod 523 has a clearance groove 524 at one end near the hinge shaft. Each insert rod 522 is inserted into a clearance groove 524. When the two U-shaped push rods 521 are pushed, the resistance generated by the clearance grooves 524 causes the two cutting rods 523 to rotate towards each other around the hinge shaft. This brings the two cutting rods 523 closer together, cutting the weeds from the root and achieving weed control. This avoids the need to spray herbicides and can effectively reduce dependence on chemical pesticides and their side effects.

[0092] When the sliding frame 31 slides horizontally, two visible light cameras 311 and two multispectral acquisition modules 312 slide horizontally above the two ridges to monitor the crops on the two ridges in real time. The controller starts the servo motor 413, which drives the first gear 410 on its output end to rotate. Since the second gear 411 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 412, the first gear 410 and the second gear 411 are meshed together. The support plate 40 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft 412, which can drive the support plate 40 to rotate, realizing the switching of the positions of the application mechanism 6 and the weeding mechanism 5. This makes it convenient to carry out watering, fertilization, pest control and weeding work on the crops on both ridges. The adjustment speed is fast and more flexible, which greatly improves the monitoring and rescue efficiency of this system. Example

[0093] To address different types of crop pests, this invention provides another technical solution, referring to... Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, a conical discharge shell 630 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the conveying pipe 6093. Two inclined grooves 631 are integrally formed on the inner bottom of the conical discharge shell 630. Several discharge holes 632 are evenly spaced on each inclined groove 631. Simultaneously, three storage tanks 620 can store different types of fertilizers. By monitoring the crop's nutritional status, it can be determined that the crop is deficient in a certain nutrient element, thereby supplementing it with the corresponding fertilizer. The conical discharge shell 630 can first concentrate and accumulate the fertilizer falling from the conveying pipe 6093, and then distribute it through the two inclined grooves 631. This allows the fertilizer to flow from the center of the conical discharge shell 630 to both sides, and finally be dispersed and discharged from several discharge holes 632, thus fertilizing the crops and preventing fertilizer from accumulating in one place on the field ridges. At the same time, it can increase the fertilization area, reduce the fertilization time, and thus improve the fertilization efficiency. Alternatively, two storage tanks 620 can store two types of fertilizers, while the other storage tank 620 can store micronutrient fertilizers. In this way, micronutrient fertilizers can be applied at the same time as the main fertilizer, which can improve the crop's resistance to lodging, increase yield, and avoid losses.

Claims

1. A crop condition unmanned monitoring and rescue system, comprising a fence (1) and several support rods (2), wherein the support rods (2) are all inserted into the soil, and the fence (1) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the support rods (2), characterized in that: It also includes a controller, a sliding mechanism (3), a rotating mechanism (4), a weeding mechanism (5), and an application mechanism (6). The sliding mechanism (3) is located on top of several support rods (2). The sliding mechanism (3) includes a drive assembly (30), a sliding frame (31), and two guide rails (32). The two guide rails (32) are symmetrically located on top of several support rods (2). The sliding frame (31) is slidably located between the two guide rails (32) via two sliders (310). The drive assembly (30) is located at one end of the two guide rails (32). Two visible light cameras (311) and two multispectral acquisition modules (312) are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the sliding frame (31). The rotating mechanism (4) is located on the sliding frame (31). The rotating mechanism (4) includes a support plate (40) and a rotating component (41). The rotating component (41) is inserted into the sliding frame (31). The support plate (40) is fixedly located on the top of the rotating component (41). A protective canopy (400) is fixedly provided on the top of the support plate (40). The application mechanism (6) is located at one end of the support plate (40). The application mechanism (6) includes a material cylinder (60), an extrusion assembly (61), a storage assembly (62), and several spray nozzles (63). The material cylinder (60) is fixedly located on the top of the support plate (40), the extrusion assembly (61) is inserted into the top of the material cylinder, the storage assembly (62) is located inside the material cylinder, and the several spray nozzles (63) are all fixedly located at the bottom of the support plate (40). The weeding mechanism (5) is located at the other end of the support plate (40). The weeding mechanism (5) includes a lifting plate (50), a take-up and release assembly (51), and a shearing assembly (52). The take-up and release assembly (51) is located on the top of the support plate (40). The lifting plate (50) is fixedly mounted on the lifting assembly. The shearing assembly (52) is located at the bottom of the lifting plate (50). The drive assembly (30), the rotating assembly (41), the squeezing assembly (61), the take-up and release assembly (51), the shearing assembly (52), and two visible light cameras (31) are also included. 1) Both multispectral acquisition modules (312) and the controller are electrically connected; the drive assembly (30) includes a stepper motor (300), a first belt (301), two lead screws (302) and two first synchronous pulleys (303). Each lead screw (302) is rotatably mounted inside a guide rail (32), and the end of the lead screw (302) passes through one end of the guide rail (32). Each lead screw (302) is threadedly connected to a slider (310). Each first synchronous pulley (303) is fixedly mounted. At the end of a lead screw (302), a first belt (301) is fitted between two first synchronous pulleys (303). A stepper motor (300) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of one of the guide rails (32), and its output end is fixedly connected to the end of one of the lead screws (302) via a coupling. The stepper motor (300) is electrically connected to the controller. The rotating assembly (41) includes a first gear (410), a second gear (411), a rotating shaft (412), and a servo motor (413). 3) Inserted on the top of the sliding frame (31), the first gear (410) is fixed on its output end, the rotating shaft (412) is rotatably set on the top of the sliding frame (31), the second gear (411) is fixed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (412), the first gear (410) and the second gear (411) are meshed and connected, and the first gear (410) is smaller than the second gear (411). The support plate (40) is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft (412), and the servo motor (413) is electrically connected to the controller.

2. The unmanned crop status monitoring and rescue system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion assembly (61) includes a first electric push rod (610), an extrusion plate (611), and an L-shaped rod (612). The L-shaped rod (612) is fixedly mounted on the top of the material cylinder (60). The first electric push rod (610) is inserted into the top of the L-shaped rod (612), and its output end passes through the material cylinder (60). The extrusion plate (611) is fixedly mounted on its output end. The first electric push rod (610) is electrically connected to the controller.

3. The unmanned crop status monitoring and rescue system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The storage assembly (62) includes three storage tanks (620). Inside the cylinder (60), a top plate (600) and a bottom plate (601) are rotatably mounted via bearings. The three storage tanks (620) are all fixed between the top plate (600) and the bottom plate (601). The diameter of the extrusion plate (611) is the same as the inner diameter of the three storage tanks (620). A sleeve plate is fixed between the three storage tanks (620). A gear ring (602) is fixed on the outer wall of the sleeve plate. A DC motor (401) is fixed on the top of the support plate (40). A third gear (402) is fixed on its output end. The third gear (402) meshes with the gear ring (602). The third gear (402) is smaller than the gear ring (602). A feeding pipe (603) is provided on the top of the cylinder (60). A sealing plug is inserted on the top of the feeding pipe (603). The DC motor (401) is electrically connected to the controller.

4. The unmanned crop status monitoring and rescue system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Three feed pipes (604) are evenly spaced on the base plate (601). Each feed pipe (604) is aligned with the axis of a storage tank (620). A one-way valve (605) is fixedly installed on the upper half of the outer wall of each feed pipe (604). A conical joint (606) is fixedly installed at the bottom of each feed pipe (604). A sealing ring (607) is fixedly installed at the top of the conical joint (606). The feed pipe (604) is inserted into the sealing ring (607). A flange (608) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the end of each feed pipe (604) near the one-way valve (605). A telescopic spring (609) is fitted on the outer wall of each feed pipe (604). The bottom of each flange (608) and each conical joint (606) are connected to each other. The top of each part of the material cylinder (60) is in contact with both ends of a telescopic spring (609). An annular groove (6090) is fixedly provided on the bottom inner side of the material cylinder (60). A conical groove (6091) is provided on the bottom inner side of the annular groove (6090) for inserting the bottom ends of three conical connectors (606). One of the conical connectors (606) is inserted into the conical groove (6091). A discharge hole (6092) is provided below the conical groove (6091). A conveying pipe (6093) is fixedly provided inside the discharge hole (6092). The conveying pipe (6093) passes through the material cylinder (60) and the support plate (40). A diversion pipe (6094) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the conveying pipe (6093). Several shower heads (63) are fixedly connected to the diversion pipe (6094).

5. The unmanned crop status monitoring and rescue system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The take-up and unwind assembly (51) includes a dual-axis motor (510), a second belt (511), two second synchronous pulleys (512), four take-up reels (513), and four lifting ropes (514). The dual-axis motor (510) is fixedly mounted on the top of the support plate (40). The top of the support plate (40) is also provided with a rotating rod (403). The four take-up reels (513) are respectively fixed on both ends of the rotating rod (403) and the two output ends of the dual-axis motor (510). Each lifting rope (514) is wound with... On the outer wall of a take-up reel (513), two second synchronous pulleys (512) are fixedly mounted on one end of a rotating rod (403) and one output end of a dual-axis motor (510), respectively. A second belt (511) is sleeved between the two second synchronous pulleys (512). The top of the lifting plate (50) is fixedly connected to the ends of four lifting ropes (514) away from the take-up reel (513), and all four lifting ropes (514) pass through the support plate (40). The dual-axis motor (510) is electrically connected to the controller.

6. The unmanned crop status monitoring and rescue system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shearing assembly (52) includes a second electric push rod (520), a U-shaped push rod (521), two insert rods (522) and two shearing rods (523). The bottom of the lifting plate (50) is provided with a hinge shaft. The two shearing rods (523) are both sleeved on the hinge shaft. The second electric push rod (520) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the lifting plate (50). The U-shaped push rod (521) is fixedly installed on its output end. The two insert rods (522) are both fixedly installed at the end of the U-shaped push rod (521) away from the second electric push rod (520). The end of the two shearing rods (523) near the hinge shaft is provided with a clearance groove (524). Each insert rod (522) is inserted into a clearance groove (524). The second electric push rod (520) is electrically connected to the controller.

7. The unmanned crop status monitoring and rescue system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the conveying pipe (6093) is fixedly provided with a conical discharge shell (630). The bottom of the inner side of the conical discharge shell (630) is integrally formed with two inclined grooves (631). Each inclined groove (631) is provided with several discharge holes (632) at equal intervals.

8. A method of using an unmanned crop status monitoring and rescue system according to any one of claims 1-7, comprising the following steps: S1: Real-time monitoring of crops: The system also includes a communication module and a server. The communication module is electrically connected to the server. During monitoring, the stepper motor (300) is started by the controller. Since its output end is fixedly connected to the end of one of the lead screws (302), each lead screw (302) is rotatably connected to a guide rail (32). Each first synchronous pulley (303) is fixedly connected to the end of a lead screw (302). The two first synchronous pulleys (303) are connected by a first belt (301). The sliding frame (31) is slidably connected to the two guide rails (32) through two sliders (310). Each slider (310) is threadedly connected to a lead screw (302), thereby driving the sliding frame (31) to slide horizontally between the two guide rails (32), driving the two visible light cameras (3... 11) and two multispectral acquisition modules (312) slide horizontally above the two field ridges, thus monitoring the crops on the two field ridges in real time, taking pictures of the crops on the soil ridges, and then transmitting the crop images to the server through the communication module. The server can calculate the normalized vegetation index (NDVI) using the multispectral images and the existing NDVI formula, thereby reflecting the nutritional status of the crops. The server uses the images taken by the visible light camera (311) to monitor the diseases and pests or plant height of the crops. Moreover, the crop images can be accurately taken according to the preset time rules, without the need for observers to repeatedly conduct on-site sampling and observation, saving manpower. The data sample collection time and collection angle are more consistent, and the recorded crop images facilitate data backtracking. S2: Rescue for Multiple Types of Crop Problems: When the captured image shows a withered and shriveled state, it indicates that the crop is short of water. The controller activates the first electric actuator (610), causing its output end to extend downwards and drive the extrusion plate (611) to extrude water into the storage tank (620). Initially, one storage tank (620) is aligned with one extrusion plate (611), and the diameter of the extrusion plate (611) is the same as the inner diameter of all three storage tanks (620). This causes the water in the storage tank (620) to be extruded towards the bottom of the storage tank (620). The one-way valve (605) opens under the water pressure, allowing water to enter the conveying pipe (6093) from the discharge pipe (604) below the storage tank (620). Since the bottom of the conveying pipe (6093) is fixedly connected to the diversion pipe (6094), and several shower heads (63) are fixedly connected to the diversion pipe (6094), water is extruded from several shower heads. Spray (63) to water the crops without the need for manual watering, saving labor costs and workload, and improving rescue efficiency. The design of three storage tanks (620) is to store more water sources to ensure that the amount of water replenished at one time can be met. When the water in one storage tank (620) is exhausted, the DC motor (401) is started by the controller, so that its output end drives the third gear (402) to rotate. Since the three storage tanks (620) are fixedly connected by the sleeve plate, the three storage tanks (620) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the material cylinder (60) through the bottom plate (601) and the top. The sleeve plate is fixedly connected to the gear ring (602). The third gear (402) meshes with the gear ring (602), thereby driving the sleeve plate to rotate, so that the next full storage tank (620) is switched with the exhausted storage tank (620) and then water is replenished to the crops. When the gear ring (602) rotates, causing the three storage tanks (620) to rotate, the three feed pipes (604) rotate accordingly. Under the action of the telescopic spring (609), the conical joint (606) below the storage tank (620) in the initial position slides upward on the outer wall of the feed pipe (604), thereby causing the conical joint (606) to disengage from the conical groove (6091). When the conical joint (606) below the next storage tank (620) slides to be aligned with the axis of the conical groove (6091), the telescopic spring (609) resets, causing the conical joint (606) to insert into the conical groove and align with the axis of the conical groove (6091). The seal (607) is designed to prevent leakage when the conical joint (606) slides along the outer wall of the feed pipe (604), thereby improving the conveying efficiency and avoiding waste and leakage of liquid contamination inside the feed cylinder (60). It should be noted that the three storage tanks (620) can not only store water, but also store the agents required for plant growth. Specifically, the type of agent that the crop needs to be supplemented is determined by the crop images taken. S3: Quick Weed Clearing: When weeds are detected next to the crop, the power-off stepper motor (300) is started by the controller to stop the sliding frame (31). Then, the dual-axis motor (510) is started by the controller. Since the four winding reels (513) are fixedly connected to the two ends of the rotating rod (403) and the two output ends of the dual-axis motor (510), each hanging rope (514) is wound and connected to the outer wall of a winding reel (513). The two synchronous pulleys are fixedly connected to one end of the rotating rod (403) and one output end of the dual-axis motor (510). The two second synchronous pulleys (512) are sleeved through the second belt (511). The top of the lifting plate (50) is fixedly connected to the end of the four hanging ropes (514) away from the winding reel (513), thereby driving the lifting plate (50) to descend towards the top of the field ridge. When the lifting plate (50) descends towards the top of the field ridge and approaches the roots of the weeds, the dual-shaft motor (510) is de-energized by the controller to stop the descent of the lifting plate (50). Then, the second electric push rod (520) is activated by the controller, causing its output end to extend away from the second gear (411). Since its output end is fixedly connected to the U-shaped push rod (521), each insert rod (522) is fixedly connected to the end of the U-shaped push rod (521) away from the second electric push rod (520). Each shearing rod (523) is sleeved with the hinge shaft. Each shearing rod (523) has a relief groove (524) at the end near the hinge shaft. Each insert rod (522) is inserted into a relief groove (524). When the two U-shaped push rods (521) are pushed, the resistance generated by the two shearing rods (523) with the relief groove (524) causes the two shearing rods (523) to rotate towards each other around the hinge shaft. This makes the two shearing rods (523) move closer to each other and cut the weeds from the root, thus achieving weed control and avoiding the need to spray herbicides. This can effectively reduce dependence on chemical pesticides and their side effects. S4: The positions of the application mechanism and the weeding mechanism are swapped: When the sliding frame (31) slides horizontally, two visible light cameras (311) and two multispectral acquisition modules (312) slide horizontally above the two ridges to monitor the crops on the two ridges in real time. The servo motor (413) is started by the controller, which drives the first gear (410) on its output end to rotate. Since the second gear (411) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (412), the first gear (410) and the second gear (411) are meshed together. The support plate (40) is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft (412), which can drive the support plate (40) to rotate, realize the switching of the positions of the application mechanism (6) and the weeding mechanism (5), and facilitate the watering, fertilization, pest control and weeding of the crops on the two ridges. The adjustment speed is fast and more flexible, which greatly improves the monitoring and rescue efficiency of this system.

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