Fault detection method, device and equipment of fuel cell system and storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of fuel cell system fault detection method, device, equipment and storage medium, the fault detection method includes: according to the demand power of input and feedback signal calculation actual control signal;Actual output value of actual stack system is obtained, and the expected output value of stack theoretical model;According to the comparison result of the actual output value and the expected output value, whether the fuel cell system exists fault is determined.The present application can effectively detect whether fuel cell system is fault by establishing model, and feedback signal can be obtained according to the comparison result of the expected output value and actual output value, and the actual control signal is corrected, to reduce the damage of battery caused by fault, so as to improve the safety and service life of fuel cell system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cell systems, and in particular to fault detection methods, devices, electronic equipment, and storage media for fuel cell systems. Background Technology

[0002] Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are currently the most widely used fuel cell technology, offering advantages such as high efficiency, zero pollution, and low operating noise. Current fuel cell system fault detection relies heavily on feedback from existing sensors or actuators. While complete or complete failures of these sensors or actuators are easily detected and identified, early or partial failures in the fuel cell system are difficult to detect and identify due to their smaller deviations. This can pose potential hazards during system operation and impact the fuel cell's lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the difficulty in detecting abnormal system output caused by early or partial failure of fuel cell system in the prior art, and to provide a fault detection method, electronic device and storage medium for fuel cell system.

[0004] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solution:

[0005] The first aspect of the present invention provides a fault detection method for a fuel cell system, the fault detection method comprising:

[0006] The actual control signal is calculated based on the input power demand and feedback signal;

[0007] The actual output value of the actual fuel cell stack system in response to the actual control signal is obtained, and the expected output value of the fuel cell stack theoretical model in response to the actual control signal is obtained, wherein the actual fuel cell stack system includes an execution unit and an actual fuel cell stack connected in sequence.

[0008] The presence of a fault in the fuel cell system is determined based on the comparison between the actual output value and the expected output value; wherein, the feedback signal is the comparison between the actual output value and the expected output value.

[0009] Preferably, the step of determining whether the fuel cell system has a fault based on the comparison result between the actual output value and the expected output value specifically includes:

[0010] If the difference between the actual output value and the expected output value is greater than a first set value, then the fuel cell system is determined to have a fault.

[0011] Preferably, the step of determining whether the fuel cell system has a fault specifically includes:

[0012] Determine whether there is a fault in the input sensor in the fuel cell system, wherein the input sensor is used to collect a target signal and input the target signal into the actual fuel cell stack;

[0013] or,

[0014] Determine if there is a fault in the input pipeline of the fuel cell system, wherein the input pipeline is used for mass transport.

[0015] Preferably, the fault detection method further includes: if it is determined that the fuel cell system is not faulty based on the comparison result of the actual output value and the expected output value, then detecting whether the execution unit in the fuel cell system is faulty based on the comparison result of the actual control signal and the theoretical control signal; wherein, the theoretical control signal is a control signal obtained by responding to the required power based on a preset theoretical control model for the fuel cell system.

[0016] Preferably, the step of detecting whether a fault exists in the execution unit of the fuel cell system based on the comparison result of the actual control signal and the theoretical control signal specifically includes:

[0017] If the difference between the actual control signal and the theoretical control signal is greater than the second set value, then it is determined that the execution unit in the fuel cell system is faulty.

[0018] Preferably, the fault detection method further includes: performing corresponding operations based on the comparison result between the actual output value and the expected output value;

[0019] or,

[0020] The corresponding operation is performed based on the comparison result between the actual control signal and the theoretical control signal.

[0021] Preferably, the fault detection method further includes:

[0022] If it is determined that the input sensor is faulty.

[0023] If the target input sensor is of type 1, then the output signal of the target input sensor is replaced with a set value;

[0024] If the target input sensor is of type two, then the output signal of the target input sensor is updated based on the output signals of other input sensors associated with the target input sensor;

[0025] The target input sensor is a faulty input sensor.

[0026] A second aspect of the present invention provides a fault detection device, the fault detection device comprising:

[0027] The calculation module is used to calculate the actual control signal based on the input demand power and feedback signal;

[0028] The acquisition module is used to acquire the actual output value of the actual fuel cell stack system in response to the actual control signal, and the expected output value of the fuel cell stack theoretical model in response to the actual control signal, wherein the actual fuel cell stack system includes an execution unit and an actual fuel cell stack connected in sequence.

[0029] A determination module is used to determine whether a fault exists in the fuel cell system based on a comparison result between the actual output value and the expected output value; wherein the feedback signal is the comparison result between the actual output value and the expected output value.

[0030] A third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the fault detection method described in the first aspect.

[0031] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the fault detection method described in the first aspect.

[0032] Based on common knowledge in the field, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be combined arbitrarily to obtain various preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] The positive and progressive effects of this invention are as follows: This invention simulates the fuel cell stack and control system of a fuel cell system based on the theoretical model and theoretical control model of the fuel cell stack. By comparing the expected output value of the fuel cell stack with the actual output value, and comparing the actual control signal with the theoretical control signal, the invention can effectively detect whether the fuel cell system is faulty, promptly identify potential dangers caused by early faults or partial failures of the fuel cell system, and correct the actual control signal based on the feedback signal obtained from the comparison result of the expected output value and the actual output value, thereby reducing battery damage caused by faults, improving the safety and service life of the fuel cell system, and ensuring the safety of users. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a fault detection method for a fuel cell system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2This is an application scenario diagram of a fault detection method for a fuel cell system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a theoretical control model provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a fault detection device for a fuel cell system provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will be further illustrated by way of embodiments below, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments described herein.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] This embodiment provides a fault detection method for a fuel cell system, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the fault detection methods include:

[0042] S1. Calculate the actual control signal based on the input power demand and feedback signal;

[0043] S2. Obtain the actual output value of the actual fuel cell stack system 1 in response to the actual control signal, and the expected output value of the fuel cell stack theoretical model 2 in response to the actual control signal;

[0044] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the actual fuel cell stack system 1 includes an execution unit 3 and an actual fuel cell stack 4 connected in sequence;

[0045] In specific implementation, execution unit 3 is a collection of execution components that execute actual control signals, including: air circuit execution components such as air filter, air compressor, back pressure valve, etc.; hydrogen circuit execution components such as hydrogen injector, exhaust and drain valve, etc.; and cooling circuit execution components such as thermostat, water pump, radiator, etc.

[0046] S3. Determine whether there is a fault in the fuel cell system based on the comparison between the actual output value and the expected output value;

[0047] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the feedback signal is the comparison result between the actual output value and the expected output value.

[0048] In one feasible solution, step S1 includes:

[0049] (1) Calculate the required hydrogen flow rate, air flow rate and temperature based on the power demand and feedback signal;

[0050] (2) The hydrogen supply pressure is determined based on the required hydrogen flow rate, the air supply pressure is determined based on the required air flow rate, and the cooling supply pressure is determined based on the required temperature.

[0051] (3) The required supply pressure is converted into actual control signals, for example, the required supply pressure of the air circuit is converted into the speed value of the air compressor; among which, the actual control signals include hydrogen circuit control signals, air circuit control signals and cooling circuit control signals.

[0052] In one feasible solution, step S3 includes:

[0053] S301. If the difference between the actual output value and the expected output value is greater than the first set value, then it is determined that there is a fault in the fuel cell system.

[0054] Specifically, step S301 includes:

[0055] Determine whether the input sensor 5 in the fuel cell system is faulty, wherein the input sensor 5 is used to collect the target signal and input the target signal into the actual fuel cell stack 4;

[0056] Alternatively, determine whether there is a fault in the input pipe 6 of the fuel cell system, wherein the input pipe is used for mass transport.

[0057] In this embodiment, taking the hydrogen circuit as an example, the target signal is the hydrogen inlet pressure of the fuel cell stack, and the execution unit 3 is the hydrogen injection valve. When the target hydrogen pressure is 180 kPa, the actual control signal of the hydrogen injection valve is 50%. However, the input sensor 5 shows that the hydrogen inlet pressure of the fuel cell stack is 160 kPa, so the actual control signal will increase the hydrogen injection percentage. That is, at this time, the actual control signal of the hydrogen injection valve is 70%, so that the hydrogen inlet pressure displayed by the input sensor 5 is 180 kPa, which reaches the target hydrogen pressure. The fuel cell stack theoretical model 2 still simulates with a hydrogen pressure of 180 kPa. At this time (taking the current value as an example), the actual output current value in the actual fuel cell stack system 1 is greater than the expected output current value of the fuel cell stack theoretical model 2, and the difference between the two is greater than the first set value. This indicates that the input sensor 5 of the actual fuel cell stack system 1 is faulty or the input pipe 6 of the hydrogen circuit is blocked.

[0058] In one feasible embodiment, step S3 further includes:

[0059] S302. In the same input pipe, determine the fault type based on the signals from other input sensors 5.

[0060] In this embodiment, taking the hydrogen circuit as an example, the target signal is the hydrogen inlet pressure of the fuel cell stack, and the execution unit 3 is the hydrogen injection valve. If it is determined that the input sensor 5 of the actual fuel cell stack system 1 is faulty or the input pipe 6 of the hydrogen circuit is blocked, then in one possible implementation, the fault type is determined based on the temperature sensor of the hydrogen circuit. Specifically, if the outlet temperature of the hydrogen injection valve is not within the normal range, it indicates that the fault type is the input pipe 6 fault; conversely, if the outlet temperature of the hydrogen injection valve is within the normal range, it indicates that the fault type is the input sensor 5 fault.

[0061] In one possible implementation, the fault detection method further includes:

[0062] S4. If it is determined that the fuel cell system is not faulty based on the comparison result of the actual output value and the expected output value, then the execution unit 3 in the fuel cell system is checked for faults based on the comparison result of the actual control signal and the theoretical control signal; wherein, determining that the fuel cell system is not faulty based on the comparison result of the actual output value and the expected output value means that the input sensors and input pipes of the fuel cell system are not faulty.

[0063] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the actual control signal is the control signal obtained in response to the system demand power and the feedback signal, while the theoretical control signal is the control signal obtained in response to the demand power for the preset theoretical control model 7 of the fuel cell system.

[0064] In one feasible embodiment, step S4 includes:

[0065] If the difference between the actual control signal and the theoretical control signal is greater than the second set value, then the execution unit 3 in the fuel cell system is determined to be faulty. In this embodiment, taking the hydrogen circuit as an example, the target signal is the hydrogen inlet pressure of the fuel cell stack, and the execution unit 3 is the hydrogen injection valve: when the target hydrogen pressure is 180 kPa, the actual control signal of the hydrogen injection valve is 50% opening. However, if the input sensor 5 shows that the hydrogen inlet pressure of the fuel cell stack is 160 kPa, then the actual control signal will increase the hydrogen injection percentage, that is, at this time the actual control signal of the hydrogen injection valve is 70% opening, so that the hydrogen inlet pressure displayed by the input sensor 5 is 180 kPa, that is, the target hydrogen pressure is reached. At this time (taking the current value as an example), the actual output current value in the actual fuel cell stack system 1 is equal to the expected output current value of the fuel cell stack theoretical model 2. However, the difference between the actual control signal and the theoretical control signal opening of the hydrogen injection valve is 20%, and the difference is greater than the second set value, which indicates that the hydrogen injection valve is faulty, that is, the execution unit 3 is faulty.

[0066] In one feasible implementation, step S3 is followed by the following steps: performing the corresponding operation based on the comparison result between the actual output value and the expected output value.

[0067] In one feasible solution, the fault detection method further includes the following steps after step S4: performing corresponding operations based on the comparison results of the actual control signal and the theoretical control signal.

[0068] In practice, the corresponding operation is performed based on the comparison results of steps S3 and S4: outputting fault warning information, normal shutdown, or emergency shutdown.

[0069] In this embodiment, step S4 is taken as an example:

[0070] (1) If the difference between the actual control signal value and the theoretical control signal value is less than the first threshold, this situation will not affect the normal use of the fuel cell system and is a first-level fault. At this time, the fuel cell system will issue an abnormal warning but will still operate normally.

[0071] (2) If the difference between the actual control signal value and the theoretical control signal value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, this situation will affect the normal use of the fuel cell system, but will not cause damage to the fuel cell system. It is a level two fault, and the fuel cell system will shut down normally at this time.

[0072] (3) If the difference between the actual control signal value and the theoretical control signal value is greater than the second threshold, this situation will cause damage to the fuel cell system, which is a level three fault. At this time, the fuel cell system will be shut down urgently.

[0073] Specifically, the normal shutdown procedure is as follows: First, the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system operates under low current to perform initial cooling and consume residual fuel until the voltage of the smallest single cell in the fuel cell stack is lower than the set voltage. Then, all circuits are disconnected and all pipes are sealed, and the shutdown is completed.

[0074] Specifically, the emergency shutdown procedure involves directly disconnecting all lines and sealing all pipes before immediately shutting down the machine.

[0075] In one feasible solution, the steps following step S302, after determining that the input sensor 5 is faulty, further include:

[0076] If the target input sensor is of type 1, meaning that a failure of this type of input sensor will not damage the fuel cell system, then the output signal of the target input sensor will be replaced with the set value.

[0077] If the target input sensor is of type 2, meaning that a failure of this type of input sensor would damage the fuel cell system, then the output signal of the target input sensor is updated based on the output signals of other input sensors related to the target input sensor.

[0078] Among them, the target input sensor is input sensor 5, which is faulty.

[0079] In this embodiment, taking the air path as an example, the outlet pressure of the air path is an important monitoring value of the fuel cell system and needs to be accurate. Both the air compressor outlet pressure sensor and the stack air pressure sensor monitor the outlet pressure of the air path (i.e., both are second-type input sensors). If the air compressor outlet pressure sensor is faulty, in order to reduce battery damage caused by the fault, the displayed value of the air compressor outlet pressure sensor can be replaced according to the correlation between the air compressor outlet pressure value and the stack air pressure value.

[0080] In specific implementation, taking the air circuit as an example, the target signal is the air circuit pressure value, the execution unit 3 is the air compressor, and the input sensors are the air compressor outlet pressure sensor and the fuel cell stack air pressure sensor. The air compressor outlet pressure sensor is faulty: when the target air compressor outlet pressure value is 0.8 MPa, the air compressor speed should be 15000 r / s. However, due to the faulty air compressor outlet pressure sensor, when the air compressor outlet pressure value is 0.8 MPa, the actual speed of the air compressor has reached 20000 r / s. At this time, the displayed value of the fuel cell stack air pressure sensor is 0.92 MPa. After correlation calculation, the air compressor outlet pressure value should be 0.87 MPa. The air compressor outlet pressure value is then updated to 0.87 MPa. At this time, the actual output value of the fuel cell stack 4 is greater than the expected output value. The feedback signal causes the actual control signal to reduce the speed of the air compressor until the actual output value and the expected output value are less than the first set value, thereby reducing the battery damage caused by the faulty air compressor outlet pressure sensor.

[0081] In this embodiment, if the target input sensor is of the first type, the output signal of this target input sensor can be replaced with the default signal.

[0082] In one feasible solution, the steps following the determination of a fault in the input pipe 6 according to step S302 further include: operating in a reduced power mode and issuing a maintenance warning.

[0083] In specific implementation, such as Figure 3 As shown, theoretical control model 7 includes cathode sub-model 8, anode sub-model 9 and / or cooling sub-model 10.

[0084] This invention simulates the fuel cell stack and control system of a fuel cell system based on theoretical model 2 and theoretical control model 7. By comparing the expected output value of the fuel cell stack with the actual output value, and comparing the actual control signal with the theoretical control signal, the comparison results can effectively detect whether the fuel cell system is faulty, promptly identify potential dangers caused by early faults or partial failures, and correct the actual control signal based on the feedback signal obtained from the comparison results of the expected output value and the actual output value, thereby reducing battery damage caused by faults, improving the safety and service life of the fuel cell system, and ensuring user safety.

[0085] Example 2

[0086] This embodiment provides a fault detection device 41 for implementing the fault detection method of Embodiment 1 described above, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the fault detection device 41 includes:

[0087] Calculation module 42 is used to calculate the actual control signal based on the input demand power and feedback signal;

[0088] The acquisition module 43 is used to acquire the actual output value of the actual fuel cell stack system 1 in response to the actual control signal, and the expected output value of the fuel cell stack theoretical model 2 in response to the actual control signal. The actual fuel cell stack system 1 includes an execution unit 3 and an actual fuel cell stack 4 connected in sequence.

[0089] The determination module 44 is used to determine whether there is a fault in the fuel cell system based on the comparison result between the actual output value and the expected output value; wherein, the feedback signal is the comparison result between the actual output value and the expected output value.

[0090] In one optional implementation, the determining module 44 is specifically used to determine that there is a fault in the fuel cell system when the difference between the actual output value and the expected output value is greater than a first set value.

[0091] In one optional embodiment, the determining module 44 is specifically used to determine whether the input sensor 5 in the fuel cell system is faulty, wherein the input sensor 5 is used to collect the target signal and input the target signal into the actual fuel cell stack 4;

[0092] or,

[0093] The determination module 44 is specifically used to determine whether there is a fault in the input pipe 6 of the fuel cell system, wherein the input pipe 6 is used for material transport.

[0094] In one optional embodiment, the fault detection device 41 further includes a detection module 45. When it is determined that there is no fault in the fuel cell system based on the comparison result of the actual output value and the expected output value, the detection module 45 is used to detect whether there is a fault in the execution unit 3 in the fuel cell system based on the comparison result of the actual control signal and the theoretical control signal. The theoretical control signal is the control signal obtained by the theoretical control model 7 preset for the fuel cell system in response to the required power.

[0095] In one optional implementation, the detection module 45 is specifically used to detect a fault in the execution unit 3 in the fuel cell system when the difference between the actual control signal and the theoretical control signal is greater than a second set value.

[0096] In one optional embodiment, the fault detection device 41 further includes an execution module 46, which is used to perform corresponding operations based on the comparison result between the actual output value and the expected output value; or, to perform corresponding operations based on the comparison result between the actual control signal and the theoretical control signal.

[0097] In an alternative implementation, the execution module 46 is specifically configured to, upon determining that the input sensor 5 is faulty,

[0098] If the target input sensor is of type 1, the execution module 46 replaces the output signal of the target input sensor with the set value;

[0099] If the target input sensor is of type 2, the execution module 46 updates the output signal of the target input sensor according to the output signals of other input sensors related to the target input sensor; wherein, the target input sensor is the faulty input sensor 5.

[0100] Example 3

[0101] This embodiment provides an electronic device, such as... Figure 5 As shown, it includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the fault detection method of the aforementioned embodiment 1. Figure 5 The electronic device 50 shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitation on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0102] Electronic device 50 may be in the form of a general-purpose computing device, such as a server device. Components of electronic device 50 may include, but are not limited to: at least one processor 51, at least one memory 52, and a bus 53 connecting different system components (including memory 52 and processor 51).

[0103] Bus 53 includes a data bus, an address bus, and a control bus.

[0104] The memory 52 may include volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM) 521 and / or cache memory 522, and may further include read-only memory (ROM) 523.

[0105] The memory 52 may also include a program / utility 525 having a set (at least one) of program modules 524, including but not limited to: an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data, each or some combination of these examples may include an implementation of a network environment.

[0106] The processor 51 executes various functional applications and data processing by running computer programs stored in the memory 52, such as the fault detection method of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0107] Electronic device 50 can also communicate with one or more external devices 54 (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, etc.). This communication can be performed via input / output (I / O) interface 55. Furthermore, the model-generating device 50 can also communicate with one or more networks (e.g., local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), and / or public networks, such as the Internet) via network adapter 56. Figure 5 As shown, network adapter 56 communicates with other modules of the model-generated device 50 via bus 53. It should be understood that, although not shown in the figure, other hardware and / or software modules can be used in conjunction with the model-generated device 50, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processors, external disk drive arrays, RAID (disk array) systems, tape drives, and data backup storage systems.

[0108] It should be noted that although several units / modules or sub-units / modules of the electronic device have been mentioned in the detailed description above, this division is merely exemplary and not mandatory. In fact, according to embodiments of the present invention, the features and functions of two or more units / modules described above can be embodied in one unit / module. Conversely, the features and functions of one unit / module described above can be further divided and embodied by multiple units / modules.

[0109] Example 4

[0110] The present invention also provides a computer-readable medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the fault detection method of the aforementioned embodiment 1.

[0111] The readable storage medium may be more specifically adopted, including but not limited to: portable disk, hard disk, random access memory, read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0112] In a possible implementation, the present invention can also be implemented as a program product comprising program code, which, when the program product is run on a terminal device, is used to cause the terminal device to execute the fault detection method of Embodiment 1.

[0113] The program code for executing the present invention can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user device, partially on the user device, as a standalone software package, partially on the user device and partially on a remote device, or entirely on a remote device.

[0114] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are merely illustrative examples, and the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fault detection method for a fuel cell system, characterized in that, The fault detection method includes: The actual control signal is calculated based on the input power demand and feedback signal; The actual output value of the actual fuel cell stack system in response to the actual control signal is obtained, and the expected output value of the fuel cell stack theoretical model in response to the actual control signal is obtained, wherein the actual fuel cell stack system includes an execution unit and an actual fuel cell stack connected in sequence. The presence of a fault in the fuel cell system is determined based on the comparison between the actual output value and the expected output value; wherein, the feedback signal is the comparison between the actual output value and the expected output value; If it is determined that the fuel cell system is not faulty based on the comparison result between the actual output value and the expected output value, then the execution unit in the fuel cell system is checked for faults based on the comparison result between the actual control signal and the theoretical control signal; wherein, the theoretical control signal is a control signal obtained by responding to the required power based on the theoretical control model preset for the fuel cell system.

2. The fault detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining whether the fuel cell system has a fault based on the comparison result between the actual output value and the expected output value specifically includes: If the difference between the actual output value and the expected output value is greater than a first set value, then the fuel cell system is determined to have a fault.

3. The fault detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of determining whether the fuel cell system has a fault specifically includes: Determine whether there is a fault in the input sensor in the fuel cell system, wherein the input sensor is used to collect a target signal and input the target signal into the actual fuel cell stack; or, Determine if there is a fault in the input pipeline of the fuel cell system, wherein the input pipeline is used for mass transport.

4. The fault detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of detecting whether the execution unit in the fuel cell system is faulty based on the comparison result of the actual control signal and the theoretical control signal specifically includes: If the difference between the actual control signal and the theoretical control signal is greater than the second set value, then it is determined that the execution unit in the fuel cell system is faulty.

5. The fault detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fault detection method further includes: performing corresponding operations based on the comparison result between the actual output value and the expected output value; or, The corresponding operation is performed based on the comparison result between the actual control signal and the theoretical control signal.

6. The fault detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fault detection method further includes: If it is determined that the input sensor is faulty. If the target input sensor is of type 1, then the output signal of the target input sensor is replaced with a set value. A failure of the first type of input sensor will not cause damage to the fuel cell system. If the target input sensor is of type two, the output signal of the target input sensor is updated based on the output signals of other input sensors associated with the target input sensor. A failure of the second type of input sensor will damage the fuel cell system. The target input sensor is a faulty input sensor.

7. A fault detection device for a fuel cell system, characterized in that, The fault detection device includes: The calculation module is used to calculate the actual control signal based on the input demand power and feedback signal; The acquisition module is used to acquire the actual output value of the actual fuel cell stack system in response to the actual control signal, and the expected output value of the fuel cell stack theoretical model in response to the actual control signal, wherein the actual fuel cell stack system includes an execution unit and an actual fuel cell stack connected in sequence. A determination module is used to determine whether a fault exists in the fuel cell system based on a comparison result between the actual output value and the expected output value; wherein, the feedback signal is the comparison result between the actual output value and the expected output value; The fault detection device further includes a detection module. When it is determined that there is no fault in the fuel cell system based on the comparison result of the actual output value and the expected output value, the detection module is used to detect whether there is a fault in the execution unit of the fuel cell system based on the comparison result of the actual control signal and the theoretical control signal. The theoretical control signal is a control signal obtained by responding to the required power based on the theoretical control model preset for the fuel cell system.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the fault detection method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the fault detection method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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