Test methods, apparatus and vehicles for radiated emission function of motor controllers

Abstract

This invention discloses a method, apparatus, and vehicle for testing the radiated emission function of a motor controller. The method includes: obtaining an equivalent circuit structure matching the system architecture of the motor controller; performing signal simulation on the equivalent circuit structure to obtain the time-domain signal of the motor controller; and testing the time-domain signal of the motor controller under the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located to obtain test results, wherein the test results are used to characterize the operating state of the motor controller. This invention solves the technical problem of the inability to test the electromagnetic interference of a motor controller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicles, and more specifically, to a method, apparatus, and vehicle for testing the radiated emission function of a motor controller. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, with the rapid development of new energy vehicles, although they are more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly than traditional vehicles, they face challenges such as electromagnetic compatibility. As an on-board component, the motor controller system is gradually developing towards miniaturization and high efficiency, but it generates large amounts of electromagnetic interference with a wide bandwidth, making it a major source of interference for new energy vehicles.

[0003] Electromagnetic interference is divided into conducted emission and radiated emission. The simulation results of electromagnetic interference cannot be effectively compared with the actual test results, thus making it impossible to test the electromagnetic interference of motor controllers.

[0004] There is currently no effective solution to the problem of being unable to test the electromagnetic interference of motor controllers. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method, apparatus, and vehicle for testing the radiated emission function of a motor controller, thereby at least solving the technical problem of being unable to test the electromagnetic interference of a motor controller.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for testing the radiated emission function of a motor controller is provided. The method may include: obtaining an equivalent structural circuit matching the system structure of the motor controller; performing signal simulation on the equivalent structural circuit to obtain the time-domain signal of the motor controller; and testing the time-domain signal of the motor controller under the electromagnetic field strength of the region where the motor controller is located to obtain test results, wherein the test results are used to characterize the operating state of the motor controller.

[0007] Optionally, under the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located, the time-domain signal of the motor controller is tested to obtain the test results, including: determining the observation point location corresponding to the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located; and testing the time-domain signal of the motor controller to determine the test results at the observation point location.

[0008] Optionally, before testing the time-domain signal of the motor controller and determining the test results at the observation point, the method further includes: building a field calculation model on a test bench based on an artificial power network, cables, and the motor controller.

[0009] Optionally, testing the time-domain signal of the motor controller and determining the test result at the observation point location includes: controlling the artificial power network to output a signal identical to the time-domain signal to the motor controller, obtaining at least one output data after the motor controller processes the time-domain signal at the observation point location, wherein the output data is used to characterize the radiated emission intensity of the motor controller, and the number of output data is the same as the number of observation points; determining the target output data at the observation point location based on the at least one output data; and determining the test result that matches the target output data.

[0010] Optionally, determining a test result that matches the target output data includes: in response to the target output data being used to characterize that the radiated emission intensity is not less than the radiation intensity threshold, determining a test result that matches the target output data to characterize that the working state of the motor controller is a normal working state; or in response to the target output data being used to characterize that the radiated emission intensity is less than the radiation intensity threshold, determining a test result that matches the target output data to characterize that the working state of the motor controller is an abnormal working state.

[0011] Optionally, determining the location of the observation point corresponding to the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located includes: determining the test frequency band corresponding to the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located; and determining the location of the observation point based on the polarization direction corresponding to the test frequency band.

[0012] Optionally, obtaining an equivalent structural circuit that matches the system structure of the motor controller includes: obtaining the system structure in the motor controller, wherein the system structure includes at least one of the following: the controller structure, the motor structure, and the artificial power network model in the motor controller; performing high-frequency structural simulation on the system structure to obtain the equivalent structural circuit of the motor controller.

[0013] Optionally, signal simulation is performed on the equivalent structure circuit to obtain the time-domain signal of the motor controller, including: constructing a signal simulation model based on the topology of the equivalent structure circuit and the circuit in which the motor controller is located, wherein the topology includes at least one of the following: the motor structure of the motor controller, the main circuit of the motor controller, and the equivalent circuit of the motor load; and performing joint simulation on the signal simulation model to obtain the time-domain signal of the motor controller.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, a testing apparatus for the radiated emission function of a motor controller is also provided. The apparatus may include: an acquisition unit for acquiring an equivalent structural circuit matching the system structure of the motor controller; a processing unit for performing signal simulation on the equivalent structural circuit to obtain the time-domain signal of the motor controller; and a testing unit for testing the time-domain signal of the motor controller under the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located, to obtain test results, wherein the test results are used to characterize the operating state of the motor controller.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, a vehicle is also provided. This vehicle is used to perform a test method for the radiated emission function of a motor controller according to embodiments of the present invention.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided. The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, it controls the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform a test method for the radiated emission function of a motor controller according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] In this embodiment of the invention, an equivalent structural circuit matching the system structure of the motor controller is obtained; signal simulation is performed on the equivalent structural circuit to obtain the time-domain signal of the motor controller; the time-domain signal of the motor controller is tested under the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located to obtain test results, wherein the test results are used to characterize the working state of the motor controller. In other words, this embodiment of the invention obtains the equivalent structural circuit of the motor controller, performs signal simulation on the obtained equivalent structural circuit to obtain the time-domain signal, tests the time-domain signal based on the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located, obtains test results, and determines the working state of the motor controller based on the test results. This achieves the technical effect of testing the electromagnetic interference of the motor controller and solves the technical problem of not being able to test the electromagnetic interference of the motor controller. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this invention, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a test method for the radiated emission function of a motor controller according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a test method for the radiated emission function of a motor controller according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an artificial power network enclosure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a controller structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a motor housing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of a test bench according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an equivalent structure circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a signal simulation model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a field calculation model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a basic principle for selecting the location of an observation point according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating another basic principle for selecting the location of observation points according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the observation point location in the 0.1-30MHz test frequency band according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the observation point location in the vertical polarization direction corresponding to the 30-200MHz test frequency band according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the observation point location in the horizontal polarization direction corresponding to the 30-200MHz test frequency band according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of a test device for the radiated emission function of a motor controller according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that the terminology in the specification and accompanying drawings of this invention is used to distinguish similar objects and is not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of a test method for the radiated emission function of a motor controller is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a test method for the radiated emission function of a motor controller according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the method may include the following steps:

[0039] Step S102: Obtain the equivalent structure circuit that matches the system structure of the motor controller.

[0040] In the technical solution provided in step S102 of the present invention, an equivalent structural circuit matching the system structure of the motor controller can be obtained. The system structure of the motor controller can be a system structure consisting of the structure and environment required for testing the motor controller. For example, it can be a system structure consisting of the controller structure, the motor structure, and the testing environment. This is merely an example and does not impose specific limitations on the system structure of the motor controller. The equivalent structural circuit can be a circuit matching the system structure of the motor controller obtained after simulating the system structure of the motor controller.

[0041] Optionally, the system structure of the motor controller can be established based on the High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) platform. By establishing the system structure of the motor controller, the system structure of the motor controller can be obtained. By performing high frequency structure simulation on the obtained system structure of the motor controller, an equivalent structure circuit matching the system structure of the motor controller can be obtained.

[0042] Step S104: Perform signal simulation on the equivalent structure circuit to obtain the time-domain signal of the motor controller.

[0043] In the technical solution provided in step S104 of the present invention, an equivalent structural circuit matching the system structure of the motor controller can be obtained. Signal simulation of the obtained equivalent structural circuit yields the time-domain signal of the motor controller. This time-domain signal can include voltage and current time-domain signals, and can be used to represent the change in amplitude of the motor controller's signal over time. For example, it can represent the change in amplitude of the motor controller's electrical signal over time. This is merely an example and does not impose any specific limitations on the time-domain signal of the motor controller.

[0044] Optionally, the equivalent circuit structure can be simulated in simulation analysis software (such as Simplir) to obtain the time-domain signal of the motor controller.

[0045] Step S106: Under the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located, the time domain signal of the motor controller is tested to obtain the test results, wherein the test results are used to characterize the working state of the motor controller.

[0046] In the technical solution provided in step S106 of the present invention, an equivalent structural circuit matching the system structure of the motor controller can be obtained. Signal simulation of the obtained equivalent structural circuit yields the time-domain signal of the motor controller. Under the electromagnetic field strength of the region where the motor controller is located, the time-domain signal of the motor controller can be tested to obtain test results. These test results can be used to characterize the operating state of the motor controller, and can be the result obtained after testing the radiated emission function of the motor controller. The operating state of the motor controller can be the state in which the motor controller operates under the electromagnetic field strength of the region. For example, it can be the normal operating state where the motor controller operates normally under the electromagnetic field strength of the region, or it can be the abnormal operating state where the motor controller operates abnormally under the electromagnetic field strength of the region. This is only an example and does not impose specific limitations on the operating state of the motor controller.

[0047] Optionally, the test results of the motor controller under the time domain signal can be obtained under the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located. The test results can be used to determine whether the working state of the motor controller is a normal working state or an abnormal working state.

[0048] Optionally, a system architecture for the motor controller can be established based on the HFSS platform. This established system architecture allows the acquisition of the motor controller's overall system structure. High-frequency structural simulation of the acquired system architecture yields an equivalent circuit that matches the motor controller's system architecture. Signal simulation of the equivalent circuit can then be performed using simulation analysis software (such as Simplier) to obtain the time-domain signal of the motor controller. The time-domain signal of the motor controller can be tested under the electromagnetic field strength of the region where the motor controller is located, and the test results can be used to determine the operating state of the motor controller.

[0049] In steps S102 to S106 of this invention, an equivalent structural circuit matching the system structure of the motor controller is obtained; signal simulation is performed on the equivalent structural circuit to obtain the time-domain signal of the motor controller; the time-domain signal of the motor controller is tested under the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located to obtain test results, wherein the test results are used to characterize the working state of the motor controller. In other words, this embodiment of the invention obtains the equivalent structural circuit of the motor controller, performs signal simulation on the obtained equivalent structural circuit to obtain the time-domain signal, tests the time-domain signal based on the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located, obtains test results, and determines the working state of the motor controller based on the test results. This achieves the technical effect of testing the electromagnetic interference of the motor controller and solves the technical problem of not being able to test the electromagnetic interference of the motor controller.

[0050] The method described in this embodiment will be further described below.

[0051] As an optional embodiment, step S106 involves testing the time-domain signal of the motor controller under the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located, and obtaining the test results, including: determining the observation point location corresponding to the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located; testing the time-domain signal of the motor controller, and determining the test results at the observation point location.

[0052] In this embodiment, the observation point location corresponding to the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located can be determined. The time-domain signal of the motor controller is then tested, and the test results at the observation point location can be determined. The observation point location can be the location for testing the radiated emission function of the motor controller. The electromagnetic field strength varies at different observation point locations; for example, it could be a horizontal location 1 meter above the ground. This is merely an example and does not impose specific limitations on the observation point location of the motor controller.

[0053] Optionally, when testing the radiated emission function of the motor controller, different antennas are used for different test frequency bands, resulting in different observation point locations. For different test frequency bands, the observation point location corresponding to the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located can be determined. By determining the observation point location, the time-domain signal of the motor controller can be tested to determine the test results at the observation point location.

[0054] In this embodiment, when testing the radiated emission function of the motor controller, different antennas are used for different test frequency bands, resulting in different observation point locations. By establishing different observation point locations for different test frequency bands, the observation point location corresponding to the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located can be determined. Based on the determined observation point locations, the time-domain signal of the motor controller can be tested, and the test results at the observation point locations can be determined. Based on the determined test results, the operating state of the motor controller can be determined, thus achieving the technical effect of testing the electromagnetic interference of the motor controller and solving the technical problem of not being able to test the electromagnetic interference of the motor controller.

[0055] As an optional implementation method, before testing the time-domain signal of the motor controller and determining the test results at the observation point location, the method further includes: building a field calculation model on a test bench based on an artificial power network, cables, and the motor controller.

[0056] In this embodiment, a field calculation model can be built on a test bench based on an artificial power network, cables, and a motor controller. The field calculation model can be a system model consisting of the structure and environment required to test the time-domain signal of the motor controller. The artificial power network can be represented by the equivalent circuit of the connection ports, which indicates its impact on the radiated emission function of the motor controller; this equivalent circuit can also be called the artificial power network circuit.

[0057] Optionally, the structure and environment required to build the field calculation model may include, but are not limited to, artificial power networks, cables, motor controllers, test environments, and simulated receiving antenna models.

[0058] Optionally, a field calculation model can be built on a test bench based on an artificial power network, cables, and a motor controller. The time-domain signal of the motor controller can be tested using the built field calculation model. The time-domain signal of the motor controller can be injected into the built field calculation model, thereby determining the test results at the observation point.

[0059] As an optional embodiment, testing the time-domain signal of the motor controller and determining the test result at the observation point location includes: controlling the artificial power network to output a signal identical to the time-domain signal to the motor controller, obtaining at least one output data after the motor controller processes the time-domain signal at the observation point location, wherein the output data is used to characterize the radiated emission intensity of the motor controller, and the number of output data is the same as the number of observation points; determining the target output data at the observation point location based on the at least one output data; and determining the test result that matches the target output data.

[0060] In this embodiment, the artificial power network can be controlled to output a signal identical to the time-domain signal to the motor controller, thereby obtaining at least one output data from the motor controller after processing the time-domain signal at the observation point. Based on the obtained at least one output data, the target output data at the observation point can be determined. Based on the obtained target output data, a test result matching the target output data can be determined. The output data can be used to characterize the radiated emission intensity of the motor controller, and can be data on the radiated emission intensity of the motor controller output by the motor controller. The number of output data is the same as the number of observation points.

[0061] Optionally, a field calculation model can be built on a test bench based on an artificial power network, cables, and a motor controller. This model allows for the testing of the time-domain signal of the motor controller, which can be injected into the model. The artificial power network can be controlled to output a signal identical to the time-domain signal injected into the model to the motor controller. The motor controller processes the received time-domain signal to obtain at least one output data point at the observation point. This at least one output data point determines the target output data at the observation point. The target output data then determines whether the test result at the observation point matches the target output data. If the test result at the observation point matches the target output data, the test result matching the target output data is determined.

[0062] For example, multiple observation points can be established for a selected test frequency band. By determining these multiple observation points, multiple output data points can be obtained at those points. These multiple output data points can then be averaged to obtain the target output data, thereby achieving the goal of accurately testing the electromagnetic interference of the motor controller.

[0063] As an optional embodiment, determining a test result that matches the target output data includes: in response to the target output data characterizing the radiated emission intensity as not less than a radiation intensity threshold, determining a test result that matches the target output data characterizing the motor controller's operating state as a normal operating state; or in response to the target output data characterizing the radiated emission intensity as less than a radiation intensity threshold, determining a test result that matches the target output data characterizing the motor controller's operating state as an abnormal operating state.

[0064] In this embodiment, target output data after the motor controller processes the time-domain signal can be obtained. This target output data can be used to characterize whether the radiated emission intensity is less than a radiation intensity threshold. When the target output data characterizes the radiated emission intensity as not less than the radiation intensity threshold, the test result matching the target output data can be determined to characterize the motor controller's operating state as a normal operating state. When the target output data characterizes the radiated emission intensity as less than the radiation intensity threshold, the test result matching the target output data can be determined to characterize the motor controller's operating state as an abnormal operating state.

[0065] As an optional embodiment, determining the observation point location corresponding to the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located includes: determining the test frequency band corresponding to the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located; and determining the observation point location based on the polarization direction corresponding to the test frequency band.

[0066] In this embodiment, a test frequency band corresponding to the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located can be determined. Based on the polarization direction corresponding to the determined test frequency band, the location of the observation point can be determined. The test frequency band can be the frequency band for testing the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located, for example, 30–200 MHz. This is only an example and no specific limitation is made to the test frequency band of the motor controller.

[0067] Optionally, a test frequency band corresponding to the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located can be determined. Based on the vertical and horizontal polarization directions corresponding to the test frequency band, the location of the observation point can be determined, and the target output data at the observation point location can be obtained.

[0068] For example, the test frequency band corresponding to the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located is determined to be 30–200 MHz. Based on this determined test frequency band, and using biconical antennas with vertical and horizontal polarization directions, the observation point positions can be determined. For the vertical polarization direction, five observation point positions can be determined at distances of 0.6 m, 0.8 m, 1 m, 1.2 m, and 1.4 m from the ground in the z-direction. The average electric field component in the z-direction at these five observation point positions is calculated through simulation to obtain the target output data. For the horizontal polarization direction, five observation point positions can be determined at distances of -0.4 m, -0.2 m, 0 m, 0.2 m, and 0.4 m from the center of the wire harness in the x-direction. The average electric field component in the x-direction at these five observation point positions is calculated through simulation to obtain the target output data.

[0069] As an optional embodiment, step S102, obtaining an equivalent structural circuit matching the system structure of the motor controller, includes: obtaining the system structure in the motor controller, wherein the system structure includes at least one of the following: the controller structure, the motor structure, and the artificial power network model in the motor controller; performing high-frequency structural simulation on the system structure to obtain the equivalent structural circuit of the motor controller.

[0070] In this embodiment, the system structure of the motor controller can be obtained, and high-frequency structural simulation can be performed on the obtained system structure to obtain the equivalent structural circuit of the motor controller. The system structure may include at least one of the following: the controller structure, the motor structure, and an artificial power network model.

[0071] Optionally, the system architecture in the motor controller may include, but is not limited to, the controller architecture, motor architecture, artificial power network model, cable model, and the test environment in which the motor controller is located.

[0072] Optionally, a system architecture for the motor controller can be established based on the HFSS platform. This established system architecture includes at least the controller structure, motor structure, artificial power network model, cable model, and the test environment of the motor controller. High-frequency structural simulation of the obtained system architecture yields an equivalent circuit structure that matches the motor controller's system architecture.

[0073] As an optional embodiment, step S104 involves performing signal simulation on the equivalent structure circuit to obtain the time-domain signal of the motor controller. This includes: constructing a signal simulation model based on the topology of the equivalent structure circuit and the circuit in which the motor controller is located, wherein the topology includes at least one of the following: the motor structure of the motor controller, the main circuit of the motor controller, and the equivalent circuit of the motor load; and performing joint simulation on the signal simulation model to obtain the time-domain signal of the motor controller.

[0074] In this embodiment, a signal simulation model can be constructed based on the topology of the equivalent circuit structure and the circuit in which the motor controller is located. Using this constructed signal simulation model, a joint simulation can be performed to obtain the time-domain signal of the motor controller. The topology includes at least one of the following: the motor structure of the motor controller, the main circuit of the motor controller, and the equivalent circuit of the motor load.

[0075] Optionally, the topology of the circuit in which the motor controller is located may include, but is not limited to, the motor structure of the motor controller, the main circuit of the motor controller, the equivalent circuit of the motor load, the artificial power supply network circuit, and the high-voltage power supply.

[0076] Optionally, using the obtained equivalent circuit structure that matches the system structure of the motor controller, the topology of the obtained equivalent circuit structure and the circuit where the motor controller is located can be constructed in simulation analysis software (such as Simplier) to obtain a signal simulation model. By performing joint simulation on the obtained signal simulation model, the time-domain signal of the motor controller can be obtained.

[0077] This embodiment obtains an equivalent circuit structure that matches the system structure of the motor controller; performs signal simulation on the equivalent circuit structure to obtain the time-domain signal of the motor controller; and tests the time-domain signal of the motor controller under the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located to obtain test results. These test results characterize the operating state of the motor controller. In other words, this embodiment obtains an equivalent circuit structure of the motor controller, performs signal simulation on the obtained equivalent circuit structure to obtain a time-domain signal, tests the time-domain signal based on the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located, obtains test results, and determines the operating state of the motor controller based on the test results. This achieves the technical effect of testing the electromagnetic interference of the motor controller and solves the technical problem of not being able to test the electromagnetic interference of the motor controller.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be illustrated below with reference to preferred embodiments.

[0080] Currently, with the rapid development of new energy vehicles, although they are more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly than traditional vehicles, they face challenges such as electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). As a high-power component in vehicles, the motor controller system is gradually becoming smaller and more efficient. With the application of silicon carbide modules, its switching speed is also increasing, generating large-energy and wide-bandwidth electromagnetic interference, making it a major source of interference for new energy vehicles. The EMC generated by the motor controller system not only affects its own reliability but also the safe operation of the entire vehicle and neighboring vehicles, making it crucial for vehicles to meet relevant EMC standards. Therefore, researching the generation mechanism, interference prediction, and interference suppression methods of motor controller EMC is of great significance to the development of new energy vehicles. Electromagnetic interference is divided into conducted emission and radiated emission. The EMC generated by the high-speed switching of power switching devices radiates outwards through space and also propagates through conducted emission in components, connectors, and cables. Among these, radiated emission in space has always been a challenging problem in EMC research.

[0081] To address the aforementioned issues, a simulation system for conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) in the power circuit of an electric vehicle AC motor controller is proposed. This system divides the electric drive system into three parts: a cable model simulation module, an inverter power circuit simulation module, and a power circuit signal acquisition module. While modeling and simulating these components, it fails to model the source of interference (such as power switching devices), thus hindering the analysis of the root causes and propagation paths of conducted interference. It cannot effectively analyze and suppress conducted interference from within the electric drive itself. Furthermore, the system only simulates conducted emissions, neglecting radiated emissions. Its simulation model only includes the tested device, excluding the entire electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) anechoic chamber testing environment, such as the Line Impedance Stabilization Network (LISN) and test bench. This results in simulation results that cannot be effectively compared with actual test results, thus preventing the testing of the motor controller's EMI.

[0082] A model for the electromagnetic interference (EMI) emission circuit of a new energy vehicle motor drive system is also proposed. This model can analyze common-mode and differential-mode interference paths, establish a conduction voltage transfer function, and obtain the influencing factors that generate common-mode and differential-mode EMI. However, it has the problem of not being able to model based on the source of EMI generation. A method for establishing a vehicle EMI model suitable for complex automotive structures is also proposed. This method establishes a model for the complex structure of the entire vehicle, performs simplification and mesh generation, saving the computer memory and computation time required for simulation. However, it cannot accurately model the internal structure of the electric drive system, thus failing to test the EMI situation of the motor controller.

[0083] This invention proposes a testing method for the radiated emission function of a motor controller. By simulating the radiated emission of the motor controller system, the reliability of the early-stage design of the motor controller system is ensured. This method enables the extraction, localization, prediction, and optimization of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) issues in the early stages of product design, thereby reducing development costs and shortening the development cycle. This invention obtains the radiation characteristics of the motor controller through a technical path of "decomposition-modeling-verification-integration-field-circuit co-simulation." It overcomes the shortcomings of simulation software and proposes a testing method for the radiated emission function of the motor controller that better reflects the actual working conditions and testing environment of the motor controller system, resulting in more accurate simulation results. This achieves the technical effect of testing the electromagnetic interference (EMI) of the motor controller and solves the technical problem of not being able to test the EMI of the motor controller.

[0084] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a test method for the radiated emission function of a motor controller according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the test method for the radiated emission function of the motor controller includes the system structure 201 of the motor controller, the equivalent structure circuit 202, the signal simulation model 203, and the field calculation model 204. The system structure 201 of the motor controller may include, but is not limited to, the controller structure, motor structure, artificial power network model, cable model, and test environment. The signal simulation model 203 may include, but is not limited to, the equivalent structure circuit 202, motor structure, main circuit, motor load equivalent circuit, artificial power network circuit, and high-voltage power supply. The field calculation model 204 may include, but is not limited to, the artificial power network, cables, motor controller, test environment, and simulated receiving antenna model.

[0085] In this embodiment of the invention, a system structure 201 for the motor controller can be established based on the HFSS platform. The system structure 201 of the motor controller can be obtained through this established system structure. High-frequency structure simulation of the obtained system structure 201 yields an equivalent structure circuit 202 that matches the system structure 201. The obtained equivalent structure circuit 202 and the topology of the circuit where the motor controller is located can be constructed in simulation analysis software (such as Simplier) to obtain a signal simulation model 203. Co-simulation of the obtained signal simulation model 203 yields the time-domain signal of the motor controller. Before testing the obtained time-domain signal, a field calculation model 204 can be built on a test bench using an artificial power network, cables, the motor controller, a test environment, and a simulated receiving antenna model. Using the built field calculation model 204, the time-domain signal of the motor controller can be tested under the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located, yielding test results of the radiated emission intensity of the motor controller. These test results determine the operating state of the motor controller.

[0086] In this embodiment of the invention, before testing the radiated emission function of the motor controller, a test structure model including a test bench needs to be built. The test structure model includes an artificial power network structure, a controller structure, a motor structure, a test bench, and an equivalent structure circuit.

[0087] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an artificial power network enclosure according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the artificial power network structure is an open cuboid. The influence of its internal structure on electromagnetic propagation is characterized by the equivalent circuit of the connection port. Therefore, the artificial power network structure only needs to build an artificial power network shell.

[0088] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a controller structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the controller structure consists of a controller housing, a power module, a capacitor structure, and a copper busbar. The controller housing, power module, and capacitor structure are modeled and verified separately to obtain an accurate controller structure.

[0089] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a motor housing according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the motor structure consists of a motor housing, stator coils, and rotor core. Since the motor body only serves as a load and does not generate interference, it is simplified in structural modeling, retaining only the motor housing as a common-mode interference loop to characterize electromagnetic propagation characteristics.

[0090] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a test bench according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 6 As shown, the test bench is constructed in accordance with the requirements of the International Special Committee on Radio Interference, CISPR 25, for the protection of receivers used in vehicles, ships and equipment from radio interference characteristics – limits and methods of measurement (CISPR 25). Its dimensions are 2.5 meters long and 1.1 meters wide. The test bench must be grounded; a model of a grounding metal plate, 0.5 meters wide and 0.9 meters high, is constructed based on the laboratory layout. To improve computational efficiency, the test bench and grounding metal plate are designed with a surface structure and finite conductor boundaries; the material used is the same as that used for the test bench.

[0091] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an equivalent structure circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 7 As shown, based on the arrangement of each component and the test setup, the structural model is arranged, including the artificial power network 701, cable 702, controller 703, motor 704 and test bench 705, to obtain the system structure of the motor controller. The equivalent structural circuit is generated through simulation and used as the input to the signal simulation model.

[0092] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a signal simulation model according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the signal simulation model consists of a high-voltage power supply 801, an artificial power supply network circuit 802, a motor load equivalent circuit 803, a main circuit circuit 804, a motor structure 805, and an equivalent structure circuit 806. Then, the signal simulation model is jointly simulated to obtain a time-domain signal, which is used as the input to the field calculation model.

[0093] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a field calculation model according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the field calculation model consists of an artificial power network 901, cables 902, a motor 903, a controller 904, and a test bench 905. Based on the arrangement of each component and the experimental setup, the structural models of each component are placed in their respective positions on the test bench and connected via cables 902. The time-domain signal obtained from the joint simulation of the signal simulation model is then injected into the field calculation model.

[0094] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a basic principle for selecting the location of an observation point according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating another basic principle for selecting the location of observation points according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the effect of the receiving antenna in radiated emission testing actually reflects the average effect of the electromagnetic field strength in the area where the antenna is located. To simulate the receiving antenna during radiated emission testing, specific observation points are established in the HFSS structural model. By calculating the equivalent receiving antenna values ​​for the field strength at these observation points, the complex actual antenna model can be avoided, achieving equivalent substitution, improving simulation efficiency, and simultaneously ensuring simulation accuracy. Taking the CISPR25 test standard as an example, the observation point locations are 1.1 meters from the center of the antenna-facing harness in the x-direction and 0.2 meters from the test table; in the z-direction, they are 1 meter from the ground plane and 0.9 meters and 0.95 meters from the test table.

[0095] In this embodiment of the invention, when testing the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located, different antennas are used for different test frequency bands, and the locations of the observation points are also different. For different test frequency bands, different observation point locations corresponding to the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located can be determined. By determining these different observation point locations, the time-domain signal of the motor controller can be tested to determine multiple output data at different observation point locations. Based on these multiple output data, the target output data at each observation point location can be determined. Using the obtained target output data, a test result matching the target output data can be determined. Based on the determined test result, the operating state of the motor controller can be determined, thereby achieving the technical effect of testing the electromagnetic interference of the motor controller and solving the technical problem of not being able to test the electromagnetic interference of the motor controller.

[0096] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the observation point location in the 0.1–30 MHz test frequency band according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 12 As shown, for the 0.1–30 MHz test frequency band, the radiated emission test uses a pole antenna with vertical polarization. Three observation points are set at distances of 1 meter, 1.2 meters, and 1.4 meters from the ground in the z-direction. The observation point below is 1 meter from the ground, and the distance between each observation point is 0.2 meters. The average value of the electric field component in the z-direction at these three observation points is calculated by simulation to obtain the target output data.

[0097] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the observation point location in the vertical polarization direction corresponding to the 30-200MHz test frequency band according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 13As shown, for the vertical polarization direction, a biconical antenna with vertical polarization direction is used. Five observation points are set at distances of 0.6 meters, 0.8 meters, 1 meter, 1.2 meters and 1.4 meters from the ground in the z direction, respectively. The middle observation point is 1 meter from the ground and the distance between each observation point is 0.2 meters. The average value of the electric field component in the z direction at these five observation points is calculated by simulation to obtain the target output data.

[0098] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the observation point location in the horizontal polarization direction corresponding to the 30-200MHz test frequency band according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 14 As shown, for the horizontal polarization direction, a biconical antenna with horizontal polarization is used. Five observation points are set at -0.4 m, -0.2 m, 0 m, 0.2 m, and 0.4 m directly opposite the center of the antenna beam in the x-direction. The middle observation point is 1 m directly opposite the center of the antenna beam. The distance between each observation point is 0.2 m. The average value of the electric field component in the x-direction at these five observation points is calculated by simulation to obtain the target output data.

[0099] This embodiment obtains an equivalent circuit structure that matches the system structure of the motor controller; performs signal simulation on the equivalent circuit structure to obtain the time-domain signal of the motor controller; and tests the time-domain signal of the motor controller under the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located to obtain test results. These test results characterize the operating state of the motor controller. In other words, this embodiment obtains an equivalent circuit structure of the motor controller, performs signal simulation on the obtained equivalent circuit structure to obtain a time-domain signal, tests the time-domain signal based on the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located, obtains test results, and determines the operating state of the motor controller based on the test results. This achieves the technical effect of testing the electromagnetic interference of the motor controller and solves the technical problem of not being able to test the electromagnetic interference of the motor controller.

[0100] Example 3

[0101] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a testing apparatus for the radiated emission function of a motor controller is also provided. It should be noted that this testing apparatus for the radiated emission function of a motor controller can be used to perform the testing method for the radiated emission function of a motor controller in Embodiment 1.

[0102] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of a test apparatus for the radiated emission function of a motor controller according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 15 As shown, the test device 1500 for the radiated emission function of the motor controller may include: an acquisition unit 1502, a processing unit 1504, and a test unit 1506.

[0103] The acquisition unit 1502 is used to acquire the equivalent structure circuit that matches the system structure of the motor controller.

[0104] The processing unit 1504 is used to perform signal simulation on the equivalent structure circuit to obtain the time-domain signal of the motor controller.

[0105] Test unit 1506 is used to test the time-domain signal of the motor controller under the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located, and obtain test results, wherein the test results are used to characterize the working state of the motor controller.

[0106] Optionally, the test unit 1506 includes: a determination module for determining the location of the observation point corresponding to the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located; and a test module for testing the time-domain signal of the motor controller and determining the test result at the observation point location.

[0107] Optionally, the device also includes a setup unit for building a field calculation model on a test bench based on an artificial power network, cables, and motor controller.

[0108] Optionally, the test module includes: a control submodule, used to control the artificial power network to output a signal identical to the time-domain signal to the motor controller, to obtain at least one output data after the motor controller processes the time-domain signal at the observation point location, wherein the output data is used to characterize the radiated emission intensity of the motor controller, and the number of output data is the same as the number of observation point locations; a first determination submodule, used to determine the target output data at the observation point location based on at least one output data; and a second determination submodule, used to determine the test result that matches the output data at the observation point location.

[0109] Optionally, the second determining submodule includes: in response to the target output data used to characterize that the radiated emission intensity is not less than the radiation intensity threshold, determining that the test result matching the target output data is used to characterize that the working state of the motor controller is a normal working state; or in response to the target output data used to characterize that the radiated emission intensity is less than the radiation intensity threshold, determining that the test result matching the target output data is used to characterize that the working state of the motor controller is an abnormal working state.

[0110] Optionally, the determining module includes: a first determining submodule, used to determine the test frequency band corresponding to the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located; and a second determining submodule, used to determine the location of the observation point based on the polarization direction corresponding to the test frequency band.

[0111] Optionally, the acquisition unit 1502 includes: an acquisition module for acquiring the system structure in the motor controller, wherein the system structure includes at least one of the following: the controller structure, the motor structure, and the artificial power network model in the motor controller; and a simulation module for performing high-frequency structural simulation on the system structure to obtain the equivalent structural circuit of the motor controller.

[0112] Optionally, the processing unit 1504 includes: a construction module for constructing a signal simulation model based on the equivalent structure circuit and the topology of the circuit where the motor controller is located, wherein the topology includes at least one of the following: the motor structure of the motor controller, the main circuit of the motor controller, and the equivalent circuit of the motor load; and a simulation module for performing joint simulation on the signal simulation model to obtain the time-domain signal of the motor controller.

[0113] In this embodiment of the invention, an acquisition unit acquires an equivalent structural circuit that matches the system structure of the motor controller. A processing unit performs signal simulation on the equivalent structural circuit to obtain the time-domain signal of the motor controller. A testing unit tests the time-domain signal of the motor controller under the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located to obtain test results. The test results are used to characterize the operating state of the motor controller. In other words, this embodiment of the invention acquires the equivalent structural circuit of the motor controller, performs signal simulation on the acquired equivalent structural circuit to obtain the time-domain signal, tests the time-domain signal based on the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located, obtains test results, and determines the operating state of the motor controller based on the test results. This achieves the technical effect of testing the electromagnetic interference of the motor controller and solves the technical problem of not being able to test the electromagnetic interference of the motor controller.

[0114] Example 4

[0115] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a vehicle is also provided for testing a method for performing the radiated emission function of any of the motor controllers in Embodiment 1.

[0116] Example 5

[0117] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, the storage medium including a stored program, wherein the program executes the test method for the radiated emission function of the motor controller in Embodiment 1.

[0118] The sequence numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0119] In the above embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0120] In the several embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for example, the division of units can be a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the displayed or discussed mutual coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection can be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection of units or modules can be electrical or other forms.

[0121] The units defined as separate components may or may not be physically separate. Similarly, the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units; they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment, depending on actual needs.

[0122] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0123] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0124] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing the radiated emission function of a motor controller, characterized in that, include: Obtain the equivalent circuit structure that matches the system structure of the motor controller; Signal simulation is performed on the equivalent circuit structure to obtain the time-domain signal of the motor controller; Under the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located, the time-domain signal of the motor controller is tested to obtain test results, wherein the test results are used to characterize the working state of the motor controller; The time-domain signal of the motor controller is tested to obtain test results, including: The artificial power network is controlled to output a signal identical to the time-domain signal to the motor controller, thereby obtaining at least one output data after the motor controller processes the time-domain signal at the observation point location. The output data is used to characterize the radiated emission intensity of the motor controller, and the number of output data is the same as the number of observation point locations. Based on at least one of the output data, determine the target output data at the location of the observation point; In response to the target output data used to characterize that the radiated emission intensity is not less than a radiation intensity threshold, the test result matching the target output data is determined to characterize the motor controller's operating state as a normal operating state; or In response to the target output data used to characterize that the radiated emission intensity is less than the radiation intensity threshold, the test result that matches the target output data is determined to characterize the working state of the motor controller as an abnormal working state.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Under the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located, the time-domain signal of the motor controller is tested, and the test results are obtained, including... Determine the location of the observation point corresponding to the electromagnetic field strength in the area where the motor controller is located; The time-domain signal of the motor controller is tested to determine the test result at the observation point.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Before testing the time-domain signal of the motor controller and determining the test result at the observation point, the method further includes: A field calculation model was built on a test bench based on the artificial power network, cables, and the motor controller.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Determining the location of the observation point corresponding to the electromagnetic field strength in the area where the motor controller is located includes: Determine the test frequency band corresponding to the electromagnetic field strength in the area where the motor controller is located; The location of the observation point is determined based on the polarization direction corresponding to the test frequency band.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtaining the equivalent circuit structure that matches the system architecture of the motor controller includes: Obtain the system structure in the motor controller, wherein the system structure includes at least one of the following: the controller structure, the motor structure, and the artificial power network model in the motor controller; The system structure is simulated at high frequency to obtain the equivalent structure circuit of the motor controller.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Signal simulation was performed on the equivalent circuit structure to obtain the time-domain signal of the motor controller, including... A signal simulation model is constructed based on the equivalent circuit structure and the topology of the circuit in which the motor controller is located, wherein the topology includes at least one of the following: the motor structure of the motor controller, the main circuit of the motor controller, and the equivalent circuit of the motor load. The signal simulation model is co-simulated to obtain the time-domain signal of the motor controller.

7. A testing device for the radiated emission function of a motor controller, characterized in that, include: The acquisition unit is used to acquire the equivalent structure circuit that matches the system structure of the motor controller; The processing unit is used to perform signal simulation on the equivalent structure circuit to obtain the time-domain signal of the motor controller; The testing unit is used to test the time-domain signal of the motor controller under the electromagnetic field strength of the area where the motor controller is located, and obtain the test results, wherein the test results are used to characterize the working state of the motor controller; The test unit includes a control submodule, used to control the artificial power network to output a signal identical to the time-domain signal to the motor controller, to obtain at least one output data after the motor controller processes the time-domain signal at the observation point location, wherein the output data is used to characterize the radiated emission intensity of the motor controller, and the number of output data is the same as the number of observation point locations; The first determining submodule is used to determine the target output data at the location of the observation point based on at least one of the output data; The second determining submodule is used to determine, in response to the target output data indicating that the radiated emission intensity is not less than the radiation intensity threshold, the test result matching the target output data is used to indicate that the working state of the motor controller is a normal working state; or in response to the target output data indicating that the radiated emission intensity is less than the radiation intensity threshold, the test result matching the target output data is used to indicate that the working state of the motor controller is an abnormal working state.

8. A vehicle, characterized in that, Used to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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