Anti-collapse structure of outer wall for energy-saving reconstruction of masonry building

Abstract

The application discloses an outer wall anti-collapse structure for energy-saving reconstruction of masonry buildings, which comprises an outer wall and a steel structure, characterized in that the steel structure is composed of steel columns and steel beams, a gap with a width of 80-150 mm is arranged between each steel column and the outer wall, the steel column and a ground ring beam are fixedly connected through first embedded steel bars, the steel column and the outer wall are fixedly connected through a plurality of groups of tie bars, and the steel column and the ring beam are connected through a ring beam connecting structure; the ring beam connecting structure comprises a stiffened plate and a spring plate, the stiffened plate is welded and fixed on the steel column, one end of the spring plate is fixedly connected with the stiffened plate, and the other end of the spring plate is fixedly connected with the ring beam through second embedded steel bars. The application provides lateral restraint for the outer wall, makes the outer wall and vertical load separate, realizes anti-collapse of the outer wall, can effectively utilize the outer wall of existing buildings, can realize environmental protection and energy saving, can be applied to masonry buildings which are not allowed to be demolished according to planning, and can keep the building appearance and historical value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a building structure, specifically a structure used to achieve green energy conservation during the renovation of masonry buildings, and in particular, a collapse-proof structure designed to preserve the exterior walls of masonry buildings. Background Technology

[0002] In urban planning, renewal, and renovation, the issue of renovating and reusing existing masonry structures is frequently encountered. Due to their historical value, some masonry buildings are listed as controlled protected buildings. In addition, due to stylistic requirements in urban planning, many masonry buildings are required to retain their appearance and cannot be demolished or rebuilt arbitrarily, in accordance with the principle of restoring the old as it was.

[0003] Due to building safety requirements and functional needs, masonry buildings often require renovation. Typically, concrete frame structures are used in these renovations. However, to preserve the building's appearance while renovating, one approach is to retain the exterior walls and renovate the interior using steel structural components. Preserving the exterior walls also contributes to energy conservation and emission reduction. One possible method is to demolish the existing floor slabs and partition walls, constructing a unified interior support structure using steel columns and beams. New floor slabs are then added to this steel structure to create interior stratification and complete the functional renovation. However, from a mechanical perspective, the steel frame is an independent structural system, while the retained walls form the exterior cladding. During the renovation, it's crucial to ensure the lateral stiffness of the exterior walls is compatible with that of the newly added steel frame. Inconsistent lateral stiffness between these two different materials can lead to different lateral displacements, potentially causing collisions. Furthermore, the retained exterior walls are prone to lateral tilting and collapse.

[0004] Therefore, when attempting to renovate such masonry buildings using steel structures to restore them to their original state, the issue of preventing the exterior walls from collapsing must be considered. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an exterior wall anti-collapse structure for energy-saving renovation of masonry buildings. It can effectively utilize the old exterior walls during the renovation of masonry buildings, reduce the use of renovation materials to achieve energy saving while preserving the appearance, and ensure the safety of the building.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is: an anti-collapse structure for the exterior wall of a masonry building used for energy-saving renovation, comprising a retained masonry exterior wall and a steel structure installed within the exterior wall. The steel structure is a frame structure composed of steel columns and steel beams. Each steel column has a gap between it and the exterior wall. The steel column is fixedly connected to the ground beam by a first set of reinforcing bars. The steel column is fixedly connected to the exterior wall by multiple sets of tie bars. The distance between adjacent tie bars in the vertical direction is 400-600mm. The steel column is connected to the ring beam by a ring beam connection structure. The ring beam connection structure includes a stiffening plate and a spring plate. The stiffening plate is welded and fixed to the steel column. One end of the spring plate is fixedly connected to the stiffening plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the ring beam by a second set of reinforcing bars.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the lower part of the steel column is fixedly connected to the ground beam, while the upper part is elastically connected to the ring beam via a ring beam connection structure. When the entire building has a multi-story structure, each floor is elastically connected to the ring beam. Simultaneously, the steel column body is vertically connected to the exterior wall at intervals via tie bars. This ensures that the exterior wall is laterally constrained while maintaining a flexible connection, preventing the transmission of bending moments and guaranteeing the stability of the exterior wall. The gap between the steel column and the exterior wall is pre-reserved. Considering the flexibility of the steel structure and the potential for significant lateral displacement, the specific gap width is determined based on actual calculations, generally between 80 and 150 mm.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the inner surface of the exterior wall is reinforced by a steel mesh layer.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the tie bar is welded and fixed to the steel column in the middle, and the two ends of the tie bar are bent to the inner side of the outer wall and embedded in the steel mesh surface layer, and are fixedly connected to the outer wall through the steel mesh surface layer.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the tie bar forms a first bend from the steel column toward the outer wall, with a bending angle of 40 to 50 degrees, and forms a second bend near the outer wall, forming a tie part parallel to the inner wall of the outer wall, with a length of 250 to 400 mm.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the steel column is an I-beam, with the flanges of the I-beam parallel to the inner surface of the outer wall. In the ring beam connection structure, a stiffening plate is provided on both sides of the web of the I-beam. The stiffening plates are arranged horizontally and are welded and fixed to the inner surfaces of the flanges on both sides and one side surface of the web, respectively, and extend beyond the flanges. A spring plate is provided on each stiffening plate on both sides.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the spring plate is composed of a first connecting part parallel to the stiffening plate, a second connecting part parallel to the inner wall of the outer wall, and an elastic part between the first connecting part and the second connecting part. The first connecting part, the elastic part, and the second connecting part are formed by bending a single plate. The first connecting part is welded to the stiffening plate, and the second connecting part is fixed to the ring beam of the outer wall by a second reinforcing bar.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, a portion of the stiffening plate extends beyond the wing plate away from the outer wall to connect to the spring plate, thus forming an L-shape with the entire stiffening plate.

[0014] When used in multi-story buildings, the steel structure is provided with profiled steel sheet concrete composite floor slabs, and the ends of the profiled steel sheet concrete composite floor slabs are connected to the exterior walls by spring steel plates.

[0015] In the above technical solution, one end of the spring steel plate is fixed inside the profiled steel sheet concrete composite floor slab, and the other end has a bend parallel to the inner wall of the outer wall and is fixedly connected to the outer wall by a third rebar, so that the profiled steel sheet concrete composite floor slab and the outer wall form an elastic connection.

[0016] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. This invention creates a gap between the steel structure and the exterior wall, thereby setting different connection structures between the steel column and the ground beam, wall body, and ring beam of the exterior wall to achieve a flexible connection between the steel column and the exterior wall. This provides lateral restraint to the exterior wall and separates the exterior wall from the vertical load, thus preventing the exterior wall from collapsing.

[0017] 2. This invention can effectively utilize the exterior walls of existing buildings, achieving both environmental protection and energy conservation, and is also applicable to masonry buildings that are not permitted to be demolished or rebuilt according to planning regulations, thus preserving the building's appearance and historical value.

[0018] 3. By setting a steel mesh layer on the inner surface of the exterior wall, the exterior wall is reinforced, its integrity is enhanced, and the connection between the steel column and the exterior wall is facilitated. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the steel column and the outer wall in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the AA cross-section; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the steel column and the ground beam in the embodiment; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 BB cross-sectional diagram; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the steel column and the ring beam in the embodiment; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A top-down view; Figure 7 yes Figure 5 The spring plate in the middle; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 The right view; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the profiled steel sheet concrete composite floor slab and the exterior wall in the embodiment; Figure 10 yes Figure 9 Spring steel plate in the middle; Figure 11 yes Figure 10 Top view; Figure 12 yes Figure 11 Right view of the part connecting to the wall (rebar and nuts are not shown).

[0020] Among them, 1. steel column; 2. exterior wall; 3. joint; 4. tie bar; 5. steel mesh surface layer; 6. ground ring beam; 7. first rebar anchor; 8. ring beam; 9. stiffening plate; 10. spring plate; 11. second rebar anchor; 12. wing plate; 13. web plate; 14. first connection part; 15. second connection part; 16. elastic part; 17. through hole; 18. profiled steel sheet concrete composite floor slab; 19. spring steel plate; 20. third rebar anchor; 21. elongated hole. Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Example 1: An anti-collapse structure for exterior walls used in energy-saving renovation of masonry buildings, comprising the retained masonry exterior walls and a steel structure installed within the exterior walls. The steel structure is a frame structure composed of steel columns and steel beams, with floor slabs installed using cast-in-place concrete. At each steel column, a connection structure is provided between it and the exterior wall, the ground beam, and the ring beam. Simultaneously, a connection structure is also provided between the profiled steel sheet concrete composite floor slab and the exterior wall.

[0022] See Figure 1 The diagram shows the connection between the steel column and the exterior wall. It can be seen that a 100mm wide gap 3 is provided between the steel column 1 and the exterior wall 2. The steel column 1 and the exterior wall 2 are fixedly connected by multiple sets of tie bars 4, with a vertical distance of 500mm between adjacent tie bars 4. The inner surface of the exterior wall 2 is reinforced by a steel mesh layer 5.

[0023] See Figure 2The steel column 1 is made of I-beams. The tie bar 4 is welded and fixed to one flange of the I-beam in the middle. The tie bar forms a first bend from the steel column towards the outer wall with a bending angle α of 45 degrees. It forms a second bend near the outer wall, forming a tie part parallel to the inner wall of the outer wall. The length of the tie part is 300mm. The tie parts at both ends are embedded in the steel mesh surface layer 5 and are fixedly connected to the outer wall 2 through the steel mesh surface layer 5.

[0024] See Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the steel column 1 and the ground beam 6 are fixedly connected by the first reinforcing bar 7.

[0025] See Figure 5 The steel column 1 and the ring beam 8 are connected by a ring beam connection structure; the ring beam connection structure includes a stiffening plate 9 and a spring plate 10, with the stiffening plate 9 welded and fixed to the steel column 1. One end of the spring plate 10 is fixedly connected to the stiffening plate 9, and the other end is fixedly connected to the ring beam via a second reinforcing bar 11.

[0026] See Figure 6 The steel column is an I-beam, with its flange 12 parallel to the inner surface of the outer wall 2. In the ring beam connection structure, a stiffening plate 9 is provided on both sides of the web 13 of the I-beam. The stiffening plates 9 are horizontally arranged and welded to the inner surfaces of the flanges on both sides and one side surface of the web, respectively. In this embodiment, a portion of the stiffening plate 9 extends beyond the flanges away from the outer wall to connect the spring plate 10, making the entire stiffening plate form an L-shape.

[0027] from Figure 6 and Figure 7 As can be seen, the spring plate is composed of a first connecting part 14 parallel to the stiffening plate, a second connecting part 15 parallel to the inner wall of the outer wall, and an elastic part 16 between the first connecting part and the second connecting part. The first connecting part 14, the elastic part 16, and the second connecting part 15 are formed by bending a single plate, and the first connecting part is welded to the stiffening plate 9.

[0028] from Figure 8 As can be seen, the second connecting part 15 has two through holes, which can be fixed to the ring beam of the outer wall by using two second rebars with nuts.

[0029] When a steel structure includes a composite floor slab made of profiled steel sheet and concrete, see [reference needed]. Figure 9 The profiled steel sheet concrete composite floor slab 18 is connected to the exterior wall 2 via a spring steel plate 19. One end of the spring steel plate 19 is fixed inside the profiled steel sheet concrete composite floor slab, and the other end has a bend parallel to the inner wall of the exterior wall and is fixedly connected to the exterior wall via a third rebar 20, so that the profiled steel sheet concrete composite floor slab and the exterior wall form an elastic connection.

[0030] Figures 10 to 12 This is a diagram showing the connection of spring steel plates. Figure 12 As can be seen, the hole used for the third rebar is a long hole 21. The spring steel plate is set vertically, and the long hole is also arranged vertically to avoid the vertical load being transferred to the outer wall.

Claims

1. A collapse-proof structure for exterior walls used in energy-saving renovation of masonry buildings, comprising the retained masonry exterior walls and a steel structure installed within the exterior walls, characterized in that: The steel structure is a frame structure composed of steel columns and steel beams. Each steel column has a gap of 80-150mm between it and the outer wall. The steel columns are fixed to the ground beam via a first set of reinforcing bars. The steel columns are fixed to the outer wall via multiple sets of tie bars, with a vertical distance of 400-600mm between adjacent tie bars. The steel columns are connected to the ring beam via a ring beam connection structure. The ring beam connection structure includes stiffening plates and spring plates. The stiffening plates are welded and fixed to the steel columns, which are I-beams. The flanges of the I-beams are parallel to the inner surface of the outer wall. A stiffening plate is installed on each side of the web of the I-beam. The plates are arranged horizontally and welded to the inner surfaces of the two side flanges and one side surface of the web plate, respectively. A portion of the stiffening plate extends beyond the flanges away from the outer wall, making the entire stiffening plate L-shaped. A spring plate is provided on each side of the stiffening plate. The spring plate consists of a first connecting part parallel to the stiffening plate, a second connecting part parallel to the inner wall of the outer wall, and an elastic part between the first and second connecting parts. The first connecting part, the elastic part, and the second connecting part are formed by bending a single plate. The first connecting part is welded to the stiffening plate, and the second connecting part has a vertical elongated hole. It is fixedly connected to the ring beam through a second reinforcing bar to prevent the vertical load from being transferred to the outer wall.

2. The anti-collapse structure for exterior walls of masonry buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner surface of the exterior wall is reinforced by a steel mesh covering.

3. The anti-collapse structure for exterior walls of masonry buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tie bar is welded and fixed to the steel column in the middle. Both ends of the tie bar are bent to the inner side of the outer wall and embedded in the steel mesh surface layer. It is then fixedly connected to the outer wall through the steel mesh surface layer.

4. The anti-collapse structure for exterior walls of masonry buildings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tie bar forms a first bend from the steel column toward the outer wall, with a bending angle of 40 to 50 degrees, and forms a second bend near the outer wall, forming a tie part parallel to the inner wall of the outer wall, with a length of 250 to 400 mm.

5. The anti-collapse structure for exterior walls of masonry buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel structure includes a profiled steel sheet concrete composite floor slab, and the ends of the profiled steel sheet concrete composite floor slab are connected to the outer wall via spring steel plates.

6. The anti-collapse structure for exterior walls of masonry buildings according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the spring steel plate is fixed inside the profiled steel sheet concrete composite floor slab, and the other end has a bend parallel to the inner wall of the outer wall and is fixed to the outer wall by a third rebar, so that the profiled steel sheet concrete composite floor slab and the outer wall form an elastic connection.

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